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Severodvinsk; Amur-1500; U-212; U-214; B-90 Sarov"/><category term="Zaporozhye"/><category term="Zeppelin submarino"/><category term="Zircon; Sarma"/><category term="Zmeevik"/><category term="alimentacion"/><category term="antena"/><category term="argentina"/><category term="bandera pirata"/><category term="base submarina Keroman"/><category term="baterias"/><category term="bespilotniki"/><category term="borei"/><category term="china; Jin; JL-2"/><category term="clase &#39;L&#39;"/><category term="clase 112"/><category term="clase A"/><category term="clase A británica"/><category term="clase Agosta"/><category term="clase Foxtrot"/><category term="clase Gotland"/><category term="clase KSS-III"/><category term="clase Orka"/><category term="clase Reis"/><category term="clase S"/><category term="clase Ula"/><category term="clase Virginia Block IV"/><category term="clase “Tiburón”"/><category term="coche"/><category term="combustible"/><category term="convoy PQ17"/><category term="corea"/><category term="cápsula momsen-mccann"/><category term="cómic"/><category term="de clase Maliutka"/><category term="duchas"/><category term="escoSUB"/><category term="escultura"/><category term="filatelia"/><category term="flota"/><category term="fumar"/><category term="gaviota"/><category term="graney"/><category term="helicóptero Mi-14"/><category term="helicóptero Z-18F"/><category term="hidroacústica"/><category term="hidrógeno EHEC 2014"/><category term="himno"/><category term="hundimiento"/><category term="hydrostat de Peyerne"/><category term="implosion"/><category term="israel"/><category term="joya"/><category term="juegos"/><category term="lastre"/><category term="libros"/><category term="loco Ivan"/><category term="los mundos de Valken"/><category term="lusitania"/><category term="lusitania; SM U-20"/><category term="lusitaria; SM U-20"/><category term="manadas de lobos"/><category term="mi submarino"/><category term="minisubmarino irançi"/><category term="misil M4"/><category term="misil MdCN"/><category term="misil kalibr"/><category term="misiles balísticos"/><category term="mr-1"/><category term="narcodrones"/><category term="nintendo"/><category term="noticia"/><category term="nuclear"/><category term="pecio avión"/><category term="pensamientos"/><category term="periscopio"/><category term="platino"/><category term="plunger"/><category term="precio"/><category term="proyecto 636 Varshavianka"/><category term="proyecto 636.3 Stary Oskol"/><category term="proyecto 677 &quot;San Petersburgo&quot;"/><category term="proyecto 885M"/><category term="proyecto 955 Boréi"/><category term="proyecto Azorian"/><category term="proyecto Lada"/><category term="proyecto Varshavianka"/><category term="radar"/><category term="seismo"/><category term="sensores"/><category term="serie Delfin"/><category term="serviola SB"/><category term="snorkel"/><category term="soldadura"/><category term="submarino 214T"/><category term="submarino Montana"/><category term="submarino NFS"/><category term="submarino amateur"/><category term="submarino científico"/><category term="submarinos de transporte clase R"/><category term="submarinos ingleses"/><category term="submarinos istraelies"/><category term="submarinos nazis"/><category term="submarinos personales"/><category term="sueños"/><category term="sumergible de vapor"/><category term="tacticas"/><category term="taiwan"/><category term="tebeos"/><category term="tipo 032"/><category term="tipo 039B AIP"/><category term="tipo Taigei del proyecto 29SS"/><category term="tiroteo"/><category term="torpedos"/><category term="tramontana"/><category term="trinchera 94"/><category term="u-652; greer"/><category term="voljov"/><category term="websubmarinos"/><category term="whitehead"/><category term="áreas de sombra"/><category term="‘Sindhudhvaj’ (S56)"/><category term="“Teddy” Surhen"/><title type='text'>---   SUBMARINOS   ---</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>5440</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-3723924734544938527</id><published>2026-10-18T07:51:45.505+02:00</published><updated>2026-10-18T07:51:45.505+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Clase Virginia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="SSN(X)"/><title type='text'>Avanza el programa SSN(X): el reemplazo de la clase Virginia de US Navy</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;post-content&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;resumen-redes&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote style=&quot;border-left-color: rgb(0, 123, 255); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; display: flex; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 15px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 15px; position: relative; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blockquote-content&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Armada de los Estados Unidos emitió un aviso de búsqueda de información para evaluar las capacidades industriales destinadas a la construcción del SSN(X), el futuro submarino de ataque de próxima generación que sucederá a la clase Virginia. Publicada el 9 de octubre, esta solicitud busca identificar astilleros capaces de asumir la compleja fabricación de cascos, integración de sistemas y gestión de reactores nucleares. Este paso resulta clave para la defensa naval norteamericana, ya que orienta la estrategia de adquisición de una plataforma fundamental para mantener la superioridad submarina estratégica frente a futuros escenarios globales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.geaerospace.com/military-defense/engines/lm2500&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;background-color: black; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Armada de los EE. UU. publicó un aviso de búsqueda de fuentes sobre el SSN(X) a última hora de la mañana del 9 de octubre, solicitando información a la industria sobre las capacidades de fabricación del submarino destinado a suceder a los aclamados submarinos de ataque rápido de la clase&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;Virginia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El aviso representa uno de los pasos iniciales para sacar un programa de la mesa de dibujo y llevarlo al ciclo de fabricación, precediendo la probable fecha de entrada en servicio de la nueva clase de submarinos en más de una década. El propósito principal de dicho aviso es brindar a la Armada de los EE. UU. retroalimentación de los socios de la industria, en este caso sobre qué astilleros estadounidenses «interesados y capaces» pueden satisfacer las necesidades de producción y soporte del SSN(X).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Como se estipula en el aviso, los astilleros principales interesados deben ser capaces de completar los pasos de fabricación avanzada presentes en el proceso de producción de un submarino, que incluyen las capacidades para «ejecutar fabricación compleja, fabricación completa del casco, equipamiento modular, integración de sistemas de precisión, instalación del compartimento del reactor y pruebas posteriores a la entrega». La Armada también busca información sobre la disponibilidad del astillero, la habilidad y disponibilidad de la mano de obra, y la presencia de elementos clave como herramientas de máquina avanzadas, diques secos flotantes y un sistema de grúa capaz de levantar compartimentos completos del submarino a su lugar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Como tal, estos criterios reducen considerablemente los posibles fabricantes, dejando prácticamente solo dos candidatos en la forma de General Dynamics Electric Boat con su astillero principal en Groton, Connecticut, y Huntington Ingalls Industries Newport News Shipbuilding con sus instalaciones en Newport News, Virginia. Ambos astilleros tienen una amplia experiencia en la construcción de submarinos nucleares avanzados, y ambos producen actualmente SSN de la clase Virginia, aunque General Dynamics Electric Boat sigue siendo el contratista principal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El SSN(X) y la futura fuerza de submarinos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El SSN(X) representa un programa de alta importancia que aún se encuentra en gran medida en sus inicios, incluso cuando la financiación sufrió una reducción de aproximadamente 121 millones de dólares (a ~315 millones de dólares) en la solicitud de presupuesto presidencial para el año fiscal 2027. A pesar de esta disminución de la financiación, el trabajo de diseño del SSN(X) continúa, con una transición crítica hacia los esfuerzos dedicados a definir los requisitos de diseño y, posteriormente, el desarrollo de una eventual estrategia de adquisición que se espera para el próximo año.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Las posibles mejoras del SSN(X) posiblemente incluyan una mayor velocidad de tránsito que reduzca el tiempo que tarda en llegar a la estación, la integración con múltiples vehículos submarinos no tripulados (UUV), nueva tecnología de propulsión y una nueva gama de armas y sensores (&lt;a data-id=&quot;https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/05/u-s-navy-outlines-the-next-generation-attack-submarine-ssnx-program/&quot; data-type=&quot;link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/05/u-s-navy-outlines-the-next-generation-attack-submarine-ssnx-program/&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;con cobertura completa por&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;Naval News&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;aquí&lt;/a&gt;). La fecha de producción del SSN(X) sigue programada para algún momento en ~2034 y con una fecha de entrada en servicio prevista para principios o mediados de la década de 2040.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; box-shadow: none !important; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 12.6px; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Un submarino de la clase Virginia en construcción se recorta contra la puesta de sol en los astilleros de Newport News. El SSN(X) será el sucesor de los submarinos de la clase Virginia. Fotografía de los astilleros de Newport News.&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; src=&quot;https://www.navalnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/DCS_23_387_451_02c244ba03-scaled.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0px !important; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important; width: 640px;&quot; title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 11.2px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; opacity: 0.5; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 10px 0px 0px !important; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Un submarino de la clase Virginia en construcción se recorta contra la puesta de sol en los astilleros de Newport News. El SSN(X) será el sucesor de los submarinos de la clase Virginia. Fotografía de los astilleros de Newport News.&lt;br style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px !important;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Hasta el SSN(X)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Hasta entonces, la fuerza de submarinos de EE. UU. seguirá recibiendo submarinos de la clase&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;Virginia&lt;/em&gt;, probablemente un total de más de 60 unidades de varios bloques en servicio una vez que la clase detenga su construcción en algún momento de la década de 2040. Los bloques V, VI y VII constituyen los submarinos restantes de la clase que se deben construir, y el trabajo ya está en marcha en el primer Bloque VI. Los bloques V y VI utilizarán el Módulo de Carga Útil Virginia, un compartimento adicional que permite transportar 28 municiones adicionales del tamaño de un Tomahawk o 12 misiles de ataque rápido convencionales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Las características de diseño del Bloque VII siguen siendo inciertas, pero la documentación presupuestaria de EE. UU. alude a que los submarinos del Bloque VII se utilizarán como un grupo pseudotransicional para recibir, refinar y mejorar algunas de las tecnologías destinadas al SSN(X). Ambos tipos de submarinos podrían recibir las mismas mejoras de sonar que se están desarrollando actualmente. Estas mejoras de sonar podrían consistir en una nueva matriz conformada de proa con mejor capacidad de transmisión activa, así como una matriz de apertura amplia mejorada o una nueva matriz de casco de baja frecuencia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;referencia-apa&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 20px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Fuente:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Ethan Gossrow. (11 de octubre de 2026). U.S. Navy Seeks Information on SSN(X) Next Gen Submarine - Naval News. navalnews.com. https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2026/10/u-s-navy-seeks-information-on-ssnx-next-gen-submarine/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/3723924734544938527/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/10/avanza-el-programa-ssnx-el-reemplazo-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3723924734544938527'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3723924734544938527'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/10/avanza-el-programa-ssnx-el-reemplazo-de.html' title='Avanza el programa SSN(X): el reemplazo de la clase Virginia de US Navy'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-8454485972141463076</id><published>2026-10-12T16:35:15.726+02:00</published><updated>2026-10-12T16:36:00.248+02:00</updated><title type='text'>Cartagena construyó cuatro submarinos y no conserva ninguno: Melilla ya reclama el último</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;En junio de 202, empezó a recogerse 6rmas en Melilla para reclamar el submarino Galerna (S-71) y convertirlo allí en museo naval. El Galerna es el último superviviente de la serie S- 70. Sus cuatro unidades —Galerna, Siroco, Mistral y Tramontana, nombres de vientos— se construyeron en Cartagena, en los astilleros de la Empresa Nacional Bazán. Tres ya se han desguazado. La ciudad que los fabricó no conserva ninguno.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 2&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Y con el Galerna se cierra la cuenta. Es la última pieza que le falta a Cartagena para tener un ejemplar de cada clase. Cuando cause baja, prevista a partir de 2027, no habrá otra ocasión, porque no queda otro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;En Melilla ya están recogiendo firmas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 2&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Y esa es, literalmente, la forma en que Cartagena ha reunido lo que tiene. El prototipo de Peral está aquí porque Peral nació aquí. El Tonina llegó porque la Armada decidió cederlo. Los S- 80 se ven en las gradas porque los fabrica Navantia. Ninguna de las tres piezas exigió adelantarse a una fecha ni registrar un escrito. Llegaron solas. El Galerna, no.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 2&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Lo que viene a continuación son tres cuentas. Lo que ha hecho Torrevieja, que no tiene astillero ni tradición submarinista, con&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;un submarino gemelo del Tonina y una entrada de dos euros. Lo que se pagó por el Mistral cuando llegó al desguace. Y lo que pasó con el Tramontana, que sí se pidió por escrito y acabó igual.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 3&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 16pt; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Un&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: MaterialIcons; font-size: 47pt; vertical-align: 9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 16pt; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;submarino no se pide cuando causa baja, porque para entonces ya está adjudicado a una empresa de residuos. Se pide antes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 16pt; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 3&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: PlayfairDisplay; font-size: 24pt;&quot;&gt;Falta una de cuatro&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;La cuenta es sencilla y por eso es tan incómoda. Cartagena conserva el prototipo del submarino torpedero de Isaac Peral, en el Museo Naval. Tiene, desde el 17 de octubre de 2025, el Tonina (S-62), de la serie S-60, cedido por la Armada al Ayuntamiento y pendiente aún de instalarse en los túneles del Espalmador. Y ve construirse en sus gradas los S-80, la serie más avanzada que ha fabricado España.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Entre el Tonina y los S-80 hay treinta años de historia sin representar. Esa es la serie 70. La única que se fabricó íntegramente allí, unidad por unidad, y de la que la ciudad no guarda ni una hélice.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;El relato lo tiene servido, que es lo que hace más difícil de explicar el descuido. Aquí nació Isaac Peral, aquí se instaló el Arma Submarina en 1915, aquí se construyeron las series que la Armada ha empleado durante un siglo y aquí se están construyendo las del próximo. Contar esa historia entera exige&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;un ejemplar de cada clase. Sin el Galerna quedará una vitrina con un hueco en medio y un cartel explicando lo que hubo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 4&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Torrevieja no tiene astillero y lleva veintidós años cobrando dos euros por ver un submarino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;El Delfín (S-61) es de la misma serie S-60 que el Tonina. Cuando le llegó la baja, el Ministerio de Defensa entregó su última bandera a Torrevieja en una ceremonia celebrada, precisamente, en el Arsenal de Cartagena. Desde el 11 de mayo de 2004 está amarrado en el puerto torrevejense y fue el primer buque de la Armada española convertido en museo flotante. Su Ayuntamiento cifra en más de 1.300.000 las visitas recibidas desde entonces. La entrada cuesta dos euros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Torrevieja partía de un destino de sol y playa sin astillero, sin tradición submarinista y sin Arma Submarina. Le cedieron un submarino y construyó con él un atractivo urbano visible desde el muelle, integrado en el paseo. Se ve sin pagar, sin reservar y sin buscarlo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Aquí se pidió. Se pidió por escrito. Y se fue al desguace igual&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;La parte más incómoda de esta historia no es que a nadie se le ocurriera. Es que se le ocurrió a media ciudad y no sirvió de nada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Contigo Cartagena reclama desde 2019 la creación de un Museo del Submarino y en abril de 2025 planteó que los túneles del Espalmador podrían albergar cuatro sumergibles, citando expresamente el Galerna cuando causara baja: estaba pedido por escrito en Cartagena catorce meses antes de que apareciera la campaña de Melilla. En mayo de 2025, la concejal no adscrita María Dolores Ruiz llevó al Pleno una moción para solicitar al Ministerio de Defensa la cesión del Tramontana (S- 74). Y la Asociación Cartagena, Ciudad de los Submarinos llamó a las instituciones y entidades de la ciudad a pedir formalmente al menos un elemento emblemático de aquel submarino: un tubo lanzatorpedos, sus hélices o una sección del casco.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 5&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: PlayfairDisplay; font-size: 24pt;&quot;&gt;Ni el submarino. Ni las hélices. Ni el tubo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;El Tramontana causó baja el 1, de febrero de 2024 y siguió el camino del Mistral, que se había vendido por 150.000 euros a una empresa de gestión de residuos. Ese es el precio de mercado de un submarino construido en Cartagena cuando se llega tarde: el de la chatarra. Es la vigésima parte de los tres millones presupuestados para recuperar y trasladar el Tonina, y aproximadamente lo que ingresa Torrevieja con setenta y cinco mil entradas de dos euros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;La diferencia entre un submarino que vale 150.000 euros y uno que sostiene un museo durante veinte años no está en el submarino. Está en si alguien firmó un papel a tiempo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;De aquel Mistral solo se salvó la vela, la pieza que albergaba periscopios, antenas y radar. La custodia desde 2023 la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;asociación, cedida por la empresa Hermanos Inglés, y se ha propuesto situarla en una glorieta de acceso a la dársena de Santa Lucía. Estará bien puesta y es de agradecer que alguien la salvara, pero conviene decir en voz alta lo que significa: de los cuatro submarinos que Cartagena construyó, lo que la ciudad va a exhibir es un trozo de uno de ellos en una rotonda. Eso no es un museo. Es un recuerdo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 6&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Un escrito a Defensa no compromete presupuesto ni ubicación&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Lo primero que necesita este asunto no es dinero, es calendario. Un submarino no se pide cuando causa baja, porque para entonces ya está adjudicado a una empresa de residuos. Se pide antes, y en el caso del Galerna ese antes es ahora.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Bastaría con que el Ayuntamiento abriera un expediente formal ante el Ministerio de Defensa manifestando su interés en la cesión cuando llegue el momento. No compromete presupuesto, no obliga a decidir ubicación y sitúa a Cartagena en la cola antes que a nadie. Convendría además que ese interés no dependiera de quién gobierne: un acuerdo plenario como el que se aprobó por unanimidad para el Tonina en diciembre de 2022 daría continuidad al asunto por encima del mandato.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: PlayfairDisplay; font-size: 24pt;&quot;&gt;Tres piezas reunidas sin pedir ninguna no son una política&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 7&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Una ciudad que se llama cuna del Arma Submarina y que ha reunido sus tres piezas sin pedir ninguna no tiene una política: tiene suerte. Y la suerte se acaba justo donde empieza el calendario, que es donde estamos ahora. Con el Galerna no cabe alegar desconocimiento: la fecha se sabe, el submarino se sabe, el interlocutor se sabe y hasta se sabe que hay otra ciudad interesada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Hay además una coincidencia que debería avergonzar un poco. Uno de los S-80 que se construyen ahora mismo en las gradas de Cartagena se llamará Mateo García de los Reyes, el almirante que en 1929 rescató del Arsenal de La Carraca el submarino de Peral, abandonado allí treinta y seis años y con una orden de desguace dictada en 1913, porque alguien le advirtió del estado del casco y él movió el papel. Bautizar un submarino con su nombre sale gratis. Hacer lo que él hizo, no: exige escribir a Defensa antes de que sea tarde.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Los S-U0 que hoy se botan en Cartagena también causarán baja algún día. Faltan décadas, sí. Al Tramontana también le faltaban.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Fuentes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;Armada Española: fechas de baja de los submarinos Siroco (S- 72), Mistral (S-73) y Tramontana (S-74) y situación operativa del Galerna (S-71). Ministerio de Defensa: denominaciones del programa S-80. Ayuntamiento de Cartagena: acuerdo plenario&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;de 22 de diciembre de 2022 y acta de cesión del Tonina de 17 de octubre de 2025. Comunicados de Contigo Cartagena (2019 y abril de 2025) y de la Asociación Cartagena, Ciudad de los Submarinos. Mociones de la concejal no adscrita María Dolores Ruiz, mayo de 2025. Ayuntamiento de Torrevieja: datos de visita del submarino museo Delfín (S-,1). Documentación histórica sobre el traslado del submarino Peral a Cartagena en noviembre de 1929. Campaña de recogida de firmas promovida en Melilla en junio de 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 13pt;&quot;&gt;Paco Morales Solano&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto; font-size: 17pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/8454485972141463076/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/10/cartagena-construyo-cuatro-submarinos-y.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8454485972141463076'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8454485972141463076'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/10/cartagena-construyo-cuatro-submarinos-y.html' title='Cartagena construyó cuatro submarinos y no conserva ninguno: Melilla ya reclama el último'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-7488223169448264788</id><published>2026-09-27T20:25:07.898+02:00</published><updated>2026-09-27T20:25:07.898+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Dron poseidon"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Khabarovsk"/><title type='text'>El Khabarovsk sale a mar abierto: así es el submarino ruso diseñado para llevar el arma submarina Poseidon</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;Hay submarinos diseñados para lanzar misiles, otros para perseguir a los de sus adversarios y algunos destinados a misiones especiales. El Khabarovsk pertenece a una categoría todavía más singular: es el primer submarino ruso construido específicamente para transportar los vehículos submarinos autónomos Poseidon, un sistema estratégico concebido para llevar una carga nuclear a grandes distancias bajo el océano.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;El nuevo submarino acaba de dar un paso decisivo al&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;abandonar el astillero de Severodvinsk, en el norte de Rusia, para comenzar sus primeras pruebas de navegación en el mar Blanco, en el Mar de Barents&lt;/b&gt;. La campaña permitirá comprobar el comportamiento del buque y de sus sistemas antes de su eventual entrada en servicio&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Khabarovsk pertenece al&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://militarnyi.com/en/news/russia-s-top-secret-khabarovsk-submarine-is-hybrid-of-existing-designs-new-details/&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out;&quot;&gt;Proyecto 09851&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y su construcción comenzó en 2014 en los astilleros Sevmash. Aunque el submarino fue botado en noviembre de 2025, no ha sido hasta ahora cuando ha comenzado a navegar. Su diseño es particularmente llamativo porque no se trata simplemente de adaptar un submarino existente para transportar una nueva arma:&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;la plataforma ha sido concebida desde el principio alrededor de la misión de desplegar Poseidon.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;¿Qué es exactamente Poseidon? A pesar de que a menudo se lo describe como un &quot;torpedo nuclear&quot;, esa denominación puede resultar engañosa. Se trata de un&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;vehículo submarino autónomo de gran tamaño y propulsión nuclear que puede transportar una cabeza nuclear.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;A diferencia de un torpedo convencional, no necesita estar conectado permanentemente a su submarino lanzador ni seguir necesariamente una trayectoria predeterminada. Su concepto pertenece más al de un dron submarino estratégico que al de un arma antisubmarina tradicional.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Rusia presentó públicamente el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://militarnyi.com/en/news/putin-announces-test-of-poseidon-nuclear-torpedo/&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out;&quot;&gt;proyecto Poseidon en 2018,&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;dentro de una nueva generación de sistemas estratégicos concebidos para dificultar la interceptación por parte de las defensas existentes. Su característica fundamental&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;es precisamente que el vehículo se desplaza bajo el agua, un entorno muy diferente al de los misiles balísticos&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;que constituyen una parte esencial de los arsenales nucleares tradicionales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Khabarovsk será, según las informaciones disponibles, el segundo submarino ruso capaz de transportar estos vehículos. El primero es el Belgorod, un enorme submarino de propulsión nuclear construido a partir de un diseño anterior y modificado específicamente para misiones especiales. El Khabarovsk, en cambio, pertenece a una nueva clase concebida desde su origen alrededor de Poseidon. Las estimaciones disponibles apuntan a que&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;podrá transportar hasta seis de estos vehículos, aunque algunos detalles de su configuración permanecen sin confirmar oficialmente.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Esta diferencia de diseño es importante. Un submarino estratégico convencional puede utilizarse como plataforma para distintos sistemas de armas, mientras que el Khabarovsk está mucho más especializado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Su objetivo es proporcionar a Rusia una plataforma capaz de acercar y desplegar estos vehículos autónomos&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;sin depender de las rutas y perfiles de vuelo de los misiles estratégicos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La propulsión nuclear del propio submarino también desempeña un papel fundamental. Al igual que otros submarinos nucleares,&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;un reactor permite permanecer sumergido durante largos periodos sin necesitar regresar periódicamente a la superficie para obtener oxígeno o combustible&lt;/b&gt;. Esa autonomía es una de las razones por las que los submarinos constituyen uno de los componentes más difíciles de localizar de una fuerza nuclear.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, conviene separar lo que se conoce de lo que todavía pertenece al terreno de las estimaciones.&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Rusia no ha publicado todos los datos técnicos del Khabarovsk&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;y algunas de las cifras que circulan sobre su velocidad, desplazamiento, profundidad operativa o características acústicas proceden de análisis de fuentes abiertas. Incluso el papel exacto que desempeñará dentro de la estructura naval rusa dependerá de las pruebas que acaba de comenzar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Su llegada al mar tiene, por tanto, una importancia que va más allá de la botadura de otro submarino nuclear.&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El Khabarovsk representa el intento de desarrollar una plataforma estratégica submarina especializada&lt;/b&gt;, pensada para desplegar un arma que cambia el escenario tradicional de la disuasión nuclear: en lugar de transportar la amenaza por el aire, la lleva a través de un océano.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El concepto también plantea enormes interrogantes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;La eficacia real de Poseidon, su capacidad para operar como se ha anunciado y la dificultad de detectarlo e interceptarlo son cuestiones que todavía no pueden evaluarse&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;completamente con la información pública disponible. Expertos occidentales han advertido además de que algunas de las afirmaciones realizadas por Moscú sobre sus capacidades pueden estar exageradas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Las pruebas que ahora comienzan serán, por ello, especialmente relevantes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Antes de convertirse en un componente operativo de la Armada rusa, el Khabarovsk tendrá que demostrar que puede navegar, operar y cumplir las exigencias de una plataforma submarina estratégica&lt;/b&gt;. Se espera que, una vez completado el proceso, el submarino se incorpore a la Flota del Pacífico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Así, el Khabarovsk no inaugura por sí solo una nueva era de la guerra submarina, pero sí muestra hacia dónde se dirige una parte de la tecnología militar rusa: hacer que las armas estratégicas sean capaces de esconderse no solo bajo el océano, sino también dentro de él. Y&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;esa diferencia convierte al nuevo submarino en una de las plataformas navales más singulares que han comenzado a probarse en los últimos años.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; caret-color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: &amp;quot;Public Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;JUAN SCALITER&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/7488223169448264788/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/09/el-khabarovsk-sale-mar-abierto-asi-es.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7488223169448264788'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7488223169448264788'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/09/el-khabarovsk-sale-mar-abierto-asi-es.html' title='El Khabarovsk sale a mar abierto: así es el submarino ruso diseñado para llevar el arma submarina Poseidon'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-3641437800336170638</id><published>2026-09-13T14:02:39.462+02:00</published><updated>2026-09-13T14:03:14.188+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Armada India"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Clase Kilo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Proyecto 75"/><title type='text'>Armada de la India proyecta la baja de submarinos de la clase Kilo</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;Es posible que India retire hasta tres submarinos de la clase Kilo en los próximos dos a cinco años, debido a que su mantenimiento se ha vuelto más complejo y costoso. Rusia ha ofrecido a India tres submarinos Kilo reacondicionados con armamento más moderno, pero estos submarinos ya han prestado servicio durante más de 25 años e India considera que no mantendrían su capacidad operativa durante un período prolongado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Armada India está trabajando en el Proyecto 75(I) para adquirir una nueva clase de submarinos convencionales con la empresa alemana TKMS, pero se prevé que las negociaciones contractuales y la construcción se prolonguen hasta la próxima década, y es improbable que el primer submarino del Proyecto 75(I) entre en servicio antes de principios de la década de 2030.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 3&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Debido a esto, mantener algunos de los submarinos más antiguos en servicio se está volviendo más caro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page&quot; title=&quot;Page 1&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;page1image50111344&quot; height=&quot;0.800127&quot; src=&quot;blob:https://www.blogger.com/d00f5fb9-5e20-4a83-bc45-a89035e4d943&quot; width=&quot;483.276800&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Rusia ofreció tres submarinos Kilo reacondicionados&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Rusia ha ofrecido a India tres submarinos clase Kilo reacondicionados con armas más nuevas, según el material de origen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, estos submarinos ya han estado en servicio por más de 25 años.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;India no ha aceptado la oferta. Según el informe, la Armada no cree que los submarinos se mantengan aptos para el combate durante un largo período de servicio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Nuevos submarinos bajo el Proyecto-75(I)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Armada de la India está trabajando en el Proyecto-75(I) para obtener una nueva clase de submarinos convencionales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Los nuevos submarinos tendrán características de sigilo mejoradas y propulsión independiente del aire. El programa involucra a la empresa alemana TKMS, según el material de origen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Pero se espera que las conversaciones contractuales y la construcción continúen hasta la próxima década.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Es poco probable que el primer submarino del Proyecto-75(I) se ponga en servicio antes de principios de la década de 2030.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Esto signi:ca que algunos submarinos de la clase Kilo podrían retirarse antes de que los nuevos submarinos estén listos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Referencias: cnbctv18, idrw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #005b96; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 0pt 0pt 0.00001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Roboto; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;Fuente:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #e0f3f8; border-left-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-width: 0.00001pt 0pt 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;layoutArea&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;column&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;MI News Network. (05:09:2026). Indian Navy May Retire Up To Three Kilo-Class Submarines Within 5 Years - Marine Insight.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;marineinsight.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto;&quot;&gt;https://www.marineinsight.com/indian- navy-may-retire-up-to-three-kilo-class-submarines-within-5-years/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/3641437800336170638/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/09/armada-de-la-india-proyecta-la-baja-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3641437800336170638'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3641437800336170638'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/09/armada-de-la-india-proyecta-la-baja-de.html' title='Armada de la India proyecta la baja de submarinos de la clase Kilo'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-4241000927544149113</id><published>2026-05-17T06:15:13.240+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-17T06:15:13.241+02:00</updated><title type='text'>El primer submarino de Rusia: la historia del ‘buque secreto’ de madera que asombró a Pedro el Grande en 1724</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;Mucho antes de que los submarinos dominaran las guerras navales del siglo XX, Rusia intentó crear uno&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;. Era una embarcación de madera, impulsada por remos y diseñada para navegar bajo el agua.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El proyecto sorprendió al zar&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Pedro el Grande&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;en 1724 y estuvo cerca de convertir al imperio ruso en pionero de esta tecnología militar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La idea fue de&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Yefim Nikonov&lt;/span&gt;, un carpintero de astillero del siglo&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;XVIII&lt;/span&gt;. No sabía leer ni escribir y tampoco tenía formación en ingeniería.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;RawHtml | space-y-2&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse)));&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;text-base max-w-full&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;connatix&quot; id=&quot;connatix&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Pese a ello, imaginó un “buque sigiloso” capaz de navegar bajo las olas y destruir barcos enemigos desde abajo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Nikonov envió varias propuestas al zar, redactadas por otras personas. En ellas describía una nave que podría “&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;permanecer silenciosamente bajo el agua&lt;/span&gt;” y hundir hasta “diez o veinte buques de guerra”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;RawHtml | space-y-2&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse)));&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;text-base max-w-full&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;active-campaing-form-marcador&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Incluso prometió responder “con la cabeza” si el proyecto fracasaba.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;RawHtml | space-y-2&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse)));&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;text-base max-w-full&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;active-campaing-form&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En 1719, Pedro el Grande finalmente decidió escucharlo. Aunque el concepto del submarino no era completamente nuevo —el neerlandés&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Cornelius Drebbel&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;había probado uno en Londres un siglo antes—,&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;el zar quedó fascinado&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Pedro nombró a Nikonov “maestro de buques furtivos”. También le asignó un taller en&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;San Petersburgo&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;y le permitió elegir ayudantes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Trece meses después, el primer prototipo fue probado en el río Neva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La nave logró sumergirse y reaparecer.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Pero durante una segunda inmersión quedó atrapada bajo el agua&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El propio Pedro el Grande participó en el rescate usando cuerdas. Pese al problema, ordenó construir una versión más grande.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El submarino definitivo estuvo listo en&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;1724&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Curiosamente, terminó llamándose Morel por un error de escritura. Un funcionario registró mal la palabra&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;model&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;y el nombre quedó.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La nave parecía un gran barril de madera.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Medía unos seis metros de largo y dos de altura&lt;/span&gt;. Estaba reforzada con aros de hierro y cubierta con cuero.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El sistema de inmersión era rudimentario pero ingenioso. El agua entraba por pequeñas perforaciones hacia bolsas de cuero internas, haciendo que la embarcación descendiera. Para volver a la superficie, el líquido se expulsaba mediante una bomba de cobre.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Cinco tripulantes impulsaban el submarino&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;usando remos&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Morel también tenía un plan de ataque sorprendente para la época.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Nikonov imaginó utilizar “tubos de cobre en llamas”,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;una especie de lanzallamas primitivo&lt;/span&gt;, contra barcos enemigos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Además, un buzo debía salir de la nave para dañar el casco rival con herramientas especiales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Incluso diseñó una especie de traje de buceo para esta misión.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, las pruebas volvieron a complicarse.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En la primavera de 1724, el submarino consiguió descender entre tres y cuatro metros en el río Neva ante Pedro el Grande y oficiales navales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;No obstante, la quilla golpeó el fondo y&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;el casco hermético terminó abriéndose&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La tripulación tuvo que ser rescatada de urgencia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Aun así, Pedro se negó a culpar a Nikonov y ordenó que el accidente no fuera considerado responsabilidad del inventor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El gran golpe llegó poco después. La muerte del zar, el 8 de febrero de 1725,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(3,116,187,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;dejó al proyecto sin su principal respaldo político y económico&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Nikonov perdió recursos, mano de obra y apoyo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Las últimas pruebas se realizaron en 1727. Tras un nuevo fracaso, fue degradado a simple obrero.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Así terminó el primer intento ruso de construir un submarino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;prose-text&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(38, 50, 56); color: #263238; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: calc(1.5rem*var(--tw-space-y-reverse)); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: calc(1.5rem*(1 - var(--tw-space-y-reverse))); word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/4241000927544149113/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/el-primer-submarino-de-rusia-la.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/4241000927544149113'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/4241000927544149113'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/el-primer-submarino-de-rusia-la.html' title='El primer submarino de Rusia: la historia del ‘buque secreto’ de madera que asombró a Pedro el Grande en 1724'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-7344493672557007479</id><published>2026-05-17T06:12:28.145+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-17T06:12:28.146+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ARA San Juan"/><title type='text'>Repararon el memorial en honor a los tripulantes del ARA San Juan: &quot;Presentes, ahora y siempre&quot;</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;&quot;&gt;El memorial en honor a los&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;tripulantes del ARA San Juan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;&quot;&gt;, el submarino que desapareció con sus 44 tripulantes en aguas del Atlántico Sur,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.0223.com.ar/nota/2026-5-4-20-41-0-vandalizaron-el-memorial-en-honor-a-los-tripulantes-del-ara-san-juan-y-buscan-a-los-responsables&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sufrió una rotura el pasado 4 de mayo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;&quot;&gt;. Aunque no se registraron &quot;indicios de mala intención&quot;,&amp;nbsp;el ex comandante del buque&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Guillermo Tibaldi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;e impulsor del homenaje confirmó que ya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lograron restaurarlo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;fixed-container&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-img alt=&quot;&amp;quot;No se registraron indicios de mala intención&amp;quot;, indicó el ex comandante del buque Guillermo Tibaldi.&quot; class=&quot;null i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-responsive i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;405&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;responsive&quot; layout=&quot;responsive&quot; src=&quot;https://pxcdn.0223.com.ar/f/052026/1777937863658.webp?cw=720&amp;amp;ch=405&amp;amp;extw=jpeg&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; overflow: hidden !important; position: relative;&quot; width=&quot;720&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&amp;quot;No se registraron indicios de mala intención&amp;quot;, indicó el ex comandante del buque Guillermo Tibaldi.&quot; class=&quot;i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; src=&quot;https://pxcdn.0223.com.ar/f/052026/1777937863658.webp?cw=720&amp;amp;ch=405&amp;amp;extw=jpeg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: medium !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; height: 0px; inset: 0px; margin: auto; max-height: 100%; max-width: 100%; min-height: 100%; min-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute; vertical-align: middle; width: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/amp-img&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;img-epigrafe&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 4px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 1.0625rem;&quot;&gt;&quot;Ese memorial lo doné a la Municipalidad y lamentablemente lo vandalizaron con una barreta&quot;, había precisado a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 1.0625rem;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;0223&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 1.0625rem;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 1.0625rem;&quot;&gt;Tibaldi y confirmó que ya estaba en comunicación con la empresa que lo fabricó para trabajar en su reparación. Ahora, a través de las redes sociales, el ex comandante del buque compartió un video que muestra cómo fue&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 1.0625rem;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;el proceso de restauración.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;social-container&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; margin: auto; max-width: 580px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-instagram class=&quot;i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-responsive i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-shortcode=&quot;DYX9JHLxEK_&quot; height=&quot;1&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;responsive&quot; layout=&quot;responsive&quot; style=&quot;--loader-delay-offset: 0ms !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; height: 933px; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 54px 0px 0px !important; position: relative;&quot; width=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;i-amphtml-fill-content&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://www.instagram.com/p/DYX9JHLxEK_/embed/?cr=1&amp;amp;v=12&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; height: 0px; inset: 0px; margin: auto; max-height: 100%; max-width: 100%; min-height: 100%; min-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; vertical-align: baseline; width: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;Instagram: null&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/amp-instagram&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&quot;Con la espectacular predisposición y el profesionalismo de la empresa constructora Marceillac y el apoyo logístico de la Base Naval y la Fuerza de Submarinos, se realizó la reparación y mantenimiento general&quot;, expresó&amp;nbsp;Tibaldi en Instagram y sintetizó:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&quot;Hoy quiero compartirles este video donde se ve el trabajo realizado&lt;/span&gt;&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;El homenaje a los 44 tripulantes del submarino desaparecido el&amp;nbsp;15 de noviembre de 2017&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;está montado en&amp;nbsp;la plazoleta frente a la Base Naval. Fue inaugurado en el 2021, pero ideado tiempo atrás.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Tibaldi impulsó la creación de este homenaje tras completar una caminata que unió el muelle del submarino en Mar del Plata con la cumbre del Aconcagua,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;llevando una bandera con los nombres de sus 44 compañeros&lt;/span&gt;. Mediante el aporte voluntario&amp;nbsp;de vecinos, instituciones y empresas de la ciudad, el memorial que imaginó&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;se hizo realidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;fixed-container&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-img alt=&quot;El homenaje a los 44 tripulantes del submarino desaparecido el 15 de noviembre de 2017 fue inaugurado en el 2021.&quot; class=&quot;null i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-responsive i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;844&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;responsive&quot; layout=&quot;responsive&quot; src=&quot;https://pxcdn.0223.com.ar/f/112022/1668521481284.webp?cw=1500&amp;amp;ch=844&amp;amp;extw=jpeg&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; overflow: hidden !important; position: relative;&quot; width=&quot;1500&quot;&gt;&lt;i-amphtml-sizer slot=&quot;i-amphtml-svc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block !important; font-size: 1.0625rem; padding-top: 463.625px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/i-amphtml-sizer&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;El homenaje a los 44 tripulantes del submarino desaparecido el 15 de noviembre de 2017 fue inaugurado en el 2021.&quot; class=&quot;i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; src=&quot;https://pxcdn.0223.com.ar/f/112022/1668521481284.webp?cw=1500&amp;amp;ch=844&amp;amp;extw=jpeg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: medium !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; height: 0px; inset: 0px; margin: auto; max-height: 100%; max-width: 100%; min-height: 100%; min-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute; vertical-align: middle; width: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/amp-img&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;img-epigrafe&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 4px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El homenaje a los 44 tripulantes del submarino desaparecido el 15 de noviembre de 2017 fue inaugurado en el 2021.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 1.3rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&quot;Destaco el acompañamiento de muchos medios periodísticos que se hicieron eco, y de personas civiles y militares en general que me llamaron para ofrecer su apoyo.&amp;nbsp;Decir y hacer. Fueron Kilómetros y homenaje. 44 camaradas héroes: presentes, ahora y siempre&quot;, cerró el ex comandante al&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;text_bold&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;mostrar el homenaje restaurado&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;publiamp&quot; data-pos=&quot;AMP_P1_cuerpo&quot; data-tipo-spot=&quot;desktop&quot; data-tipo=&quot;tipo_desktop&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; width: 824px; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot; lazyloaded&quot; data-expand=&quot;300&quot; data-gpt=&quot;/43271856/nota/AMP_P1_cuerpo&quot; data-size=&quot;[[728, 90],[728, 400],[580, 400]]&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div data-google-query-id=&quot;CJOjl5m6v5QDFatRpAQdZuE4vA&quot; id=&quot;pppSlot11&quot; style=&quot;background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Noto Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/7344493672557007479/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/repararon-el-memorial-en-honor-los.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7344493672557007479'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7344493672557007479'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/repararon-el-memorial-en-honor-los.html' title='Repararon el memorial en honor a los tripulantes del ARA San Juan: &quot;Presentes, ahora y siempre&quot;'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-2697160507736228893</id><published>2026-05-17T06:10:35.112+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-17T06:10:35.112+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ARA San Juan"/><title type='text'>ARA San Juan: una reconstrucción judicial revela la cadena de órdenes que antecedió a la última misión del submarino</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; 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padding: 0px 39.984375px 0px 7.984375px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&quot; data-is-intersecting=&quot;true&quot; data-turn-id-container=&quot;request-WEB:26b30562-f60f-47a6-83bf-4a836eefa7c2-16&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;relative w-full overflow-visible&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;section class=&quot;text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;amp;:has([data-writing-block])&amp;gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]&quot; data-scroll-anchor=&quot;false&quot; data-testid=&quot;conversation-turn-22&quot; data-turn-id-container=&quot;request-WEB:26b30562-f60f-47a6-83bf-4a836eefa7c2-16&quot; data-turn-id=&quot;request-WEB:26b30562-f60f-47a6-83bf-4a836eefa7c2-16&quot; data-turn=&quot;assistant&quot; dir=&quot;auto&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;amp;]:mt-1&quot; data-message-author-role=&quot;assistant&quot; data-message-id=&quot;6bff2e69-5871-47cf-8f7a-67a255aa8d46&quot; data-message-model-slug=&quot;gpt-5-3-mini&quot; data-turn-start-message=&quot;true&quot; dir=&quot;auto&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 data-end=&quot;417&quot; data-start=&quot;122&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin-block: 0.5rem 1rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Documentos incorporados al juicio oral en Río Gallegos permiten reconstruir la planificación operativa del ARA San Juan antes de su hundimiento en 2017. Las órdenes, ejercicios y evaluaciones de la dotación muestran cómo se estructuró la misión final del buque en el Atlántico Sur.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;729&quot; data-start=&quot;424&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;729&quot; data-start=&quot;424&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Una serie de documentos militares incorporados como prueba en el juicio oral por el hundimiento del ARA San Juan permite seguir, en detalle, la planificación de las operaciones que culminaron con la última misión del submarino argentino, desaparecido el 15 de noviembre de 2017 con 44 tripulantes a bordo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1121&quot; data-start=&quot;731&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El debate se desarrolla desde marzo de 2026 en el Tribunal Oral Federal de Río Gallegos y busca establecer eventuales responsabilidades penales de ex altos mandos de la Armada por presuntos incumplimientos de deberes de funcionario público y estrago culposo agravado. En ese marco, el análisis técnico de las condiciones del buque y de las órdenes operativas previas ocupa un lugar central.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1507&quot; data-start=&quot;1123&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Los documentos analizados describen una secuencia escalonada de planificación que comienza con directivas generales del Comando de Adiestramiento y Alistamiento de la Armada y culmina en órdenes específicas emitidas por el Comando de la Fuerza de Submarinos, donde se definieron las tareas asignadas al ARA San Juan y al ARA Salta durante la denominada “Tercera Etapa de Mar” de 2017.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1880&quot; data-start=&quot;1509&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En septiembre de ese año se estableció el marco general de la operación, que incluía ejercicios navales integrados, adiestramiento en navegación, control de espacios marítimos y maniobras en zonas del litoral patagónico y fueguino. Posteriormente, un plan táctico precisó áreas de despliegue, cronogramas y participación de unidades de superficie, aeronaves y submarinos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;2279&quot; data-start=&quot;1882&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Dentro de ese esquema, el ARA San Juan fue asignado a una misión en tres fases: tránsito hacia Ushuaia, estadía operativa en esa base y una patrulla prolongada en el Atlántico Sur. La tercera etapa contemplaba tareas de exploración y control del mar en áreas cercanas a la milla 200, con identificación de buques pesqueros y embarcaciones de interés, además de seguimiento de unidades extranjeras.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;2476&quot; data-start=&quot;2281&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El submarino debía operar en coordinación con fuerzas de superficie y aeronaves, en un escenario que incluía ejercicios antisubmarinos y navegación táctica en zonas de alta complejidad operativa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;2888&quot; data-start=&quot;2478&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;De acuerdo con la documentación incorporada al expediente, la embarcación contaba en ese momento con la habilitación operativa correspondiente, tras una evaluación técnica interna que la calificó como apta para la navegación. La dotación estaba integrada por 44 tripulantes, encabezados por el capitán de fragata Pedro Fernández, con experiencia acumulada en navegación submarina y miles de horas de inmersión.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;3107&quot; data-start=&quot;2890&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El segundo al mando era el capitán de corbeta Jorge Bergallo, seguido por oficiales a cargo de áreas operativas, mecánicas y de combate, junto con personal subalterno con distintos niveles de experiencia en la fuerza.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;3407&quot; data-start=&quot;3109&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El 11 de noviembre de 2017, cuatro días antes de la desaparición, el submarino completó un ejercicio antisubmarino que incluyó maniobras de infiltración entre unidades de superficie sin ser detectado. Ese desempeño fue informado como exitoso por el comandante del buque en su comunicación a tierra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;3678&quot; data-is-last-node=&quot;&quot; data-is-only-node=&quot;&quot; data-start=&quot;3409&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin-block: 0px 0.9rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Tras completar esa etapa, el ARA San Juan inició su desplazamiento hacia la fase final de la misión. El último contacto con tierra se registró el 15 de noviembre a las 7:19. Horas más tarde, a las 10:51, se produjo la implosión del submarino en aguas del Atlántico Sur.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/2697160507736228893/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/ara-san-juan-una-reconstruccion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/2697160507736228893'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/2697160507736228893'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/ara-san-juan-una-reconstruccion.html' title='ARA San Juan: una reconstrucción judicial revela la cadena de órdenes que antecedió a la última misión del submarino'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-8535485250142381258</id><published>2026-05-17T06:08:19.144+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-17T06:08:19.144+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tipo Ghadir"/><title type='text'>despliegue sin precedentes de minisubmarinos de clase Ghadir para controlar el estrecho de Ormuz</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;En un contexto de creciente tensión en el estrecho de Ormuz, Irán ha confirmado el despliegue de&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;minisubmarinos de fabricación nacional de la clase Ghadir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;, según declaraciones realizadas por el comandante de la Marina iraní. La clase Ghadir fue diseñada específicamente para las&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;aguas del Golfo Pérsico&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;, donde las condiciones marítimas permiten a los submarinos ocultarse en el lecho marino antes de lanzar ataques con torpedos o misiles de corto alcance. Entró en servicio operativo en 2007 tras varios años de desarrollo por parte de la&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;Organización de Industrias Marinas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Esta medida fortalece la capacidad de Teherán para amenazar el&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;tráfico marítimo comercial&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y a las fuerzas navales en una de las zonas marítimas más estratégicas del mundo. Cada submarino tiene una eslora de 29 metros, una manga de 2,75 metros y un desplazamiento de 117 toneladas en superficie, que aumenta hasta las 125 toneladas cuando se encuentra sumergido. La tripulación está formada por siete personas. Según&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;informes iraníes&lt;/strong&gt;, entre 14 y 20 submarinos de la clase Ghadir seguirían operativos, aunque estimaciones estadounidenses habían señalado anteriormente que Irán perdió 11 minisubmarinos durante el conflicto de 2026.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;title2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: amplitude-medium-condensed; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: 300; line-height: 35px; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: inherit; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: 646.796875px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El nuevo sistema de Irán para controlar el tráfico marítimo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Los&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;planificadores navales iraníes&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;diseñaron esta clase de submarinos específicamente para adaptarse a las condiciones del Golfo Pérsico, donde factores como la elevada salinidad, los sedimentos en suspensión, las mareas y los cambios rápidos en las capas térmicas dificultan la detección submarina. Según ingenieros navales iraníes, las complicaciones operativas experimentadas por los submarinos de la clase Kilo importados durante las temporadas cálidas en el Golfo fueron uno de los motivos que impulsaron el desarrollo de un modelo nacional más pequeño y adaptado al entorno regional. Gracias a su pequeño tamaño, estos submarinos pueden desplazarse cerca de islas,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;terminales petroleras y zonas costeras&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;poco profundas que resultan inaccesibles para submarinos de mayor tamaño presentes en la región. Una de sus capacidades más destacadas es la posibilidad de realizar operaciones de “apoyo en el fondo”, permaneciendo directamente sobre el lecho marino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Según&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;personal naval iraní&lt;/strong&gt;, los submarinos pueden apagar por completo sus sistemas de propulsión y mantenerse inmóviles sobre fondos arenosos o fangosos durante largos periodos mientras supervisan el tráfico marítimo cercano. En el contexto del Golfo Pérsico, esta táctica aprovecha la poca profundidad, la presencia de sedimentos y el intenso tráfico marítimo civil para reducir su detectabilidad acústica y magnética.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;title3&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: amplitude-medium-condensed; font-size: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 17px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Capacidades&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Entre las capacidades atribuidas a este submarino se encuentran la posibilidad de desplazar fuerzas con rapidez,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;interceptar buques de superficie y submarinos enemigos&lt;/strong&gt;, identificar objetivos militares y transportar unidades de comando. Además, gracias a diversas innovaciones iraníes, su autonomía y capacidad de permanencia bajo el agua habrían superado las limitaciones habituales de los submarinos de este tamaño.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Ghadir también destaca por su&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;maniobrabilidad para ejecutar misiones rápidas&lt;/strong&gt;, su amplio alcance de navegación submarina y la incorporación de un sonar compacto. Dispone igualmente de sistemas automáticos de control de profundidad, mecanismos de guiado manual, hidráulico y automático, así como capacidad para operar en aguas poco profundas. Su diseño de casco busca reducir al mínimo el ruido emitido, mientras que sus motores diésel-eléctricos están orientados a disminuir las probabilidades de detección y rastreo por parte del enemigo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Otro elemento destacado es su&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;sistema de lanzamiento de torpedos&lt;/strong&gt;, descrito como de alta precisión. Estas capacidades permitirían al submarino trasladar fuerzas especiales con rapidez, interceptar embarcaciones y submarinos enemigos, reconocer objetivos militares y realizar inmersiones rápidas para ocultarse. Según diversas fuentes, el Ghadir también habría sido diseñado para reducir parcialmente su detección frente a sistemas sonar y radares enemigos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;title2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: amplitude-medium-condensed; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: 300; line-height: 35px; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: inherit; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: 646.796875px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El estrecho de Ormuz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La República Islámica de Irán busca aprovechar el actual contexto bélico para reforzar su control sobre el&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;estrecho de Ormuz&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y mantener esa influencia incluso después de que termine la confrontación con Estados Unidos. Hace unos días, Teherán anunció la creación de un organismo encargado de gestionar el cobro de tasas a los buques que atraviesen este estratégico paso marítimo, y recientemente las autoridades iraníes han dejado claro que, además de un movimiento militar y geopolítico, consideran este control como una importante fuente potencial de ingresos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Así lo expresó&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;Mohammad Arkaminia, general de brigada de las Fuerzas Armadas iraníes&lt;/strong&gt;, quien afirmó, según medios estatales iraníes, que «este control coordinado y sinérgico, además de fortalecer la soberanía y la supervisión de Irán sobre la región, podría generar ingresos para el país capaces de duplicar los obtenidos por la venta de petróleo». Teniendo en cuenta que las exportaciones de crudo iraní alcanzaron alrededor de 34.000 millones de dólares el año pasado, las cifras mencionadas por el militar reflejarían un potencial económico de enorme magnitud.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Light&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 22px; padding-left: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El grueso de este negocio se encontraría en el&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Merriweather Bold&amp;quot;, Georgia, serif; line-height: 27px;&quot;&gt;cobro de tasas para cruzar el estrecho de Ormuz&lt;/strong&gt;, para lo cual Teherán ya ha creado un organismo específico, bautizado como Autoridad del Estrecho del Golfo Pérsico (PGSA por sus siglas en inglés).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/8535485250142381258/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/despliegue-sin-precedentes-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8535485250142381258'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8535485250142381258'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/despliegue-sin-precedentes-de.html' title='despliegue sin precedentes de minisubmarinos de clase Ghadir para controlar el estrecho de Ormuz'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-7592435069569609056</id><published>2026-05-06T06:21:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-06T06:21:06.781+02:00</updated><title type='text'>K-278, el submarino soviético que naufragó en 1989 llevándose consigo dos reactores y torpedos nucleares</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;Si te preguntas cuántos submarinos nucleares han sido hundidos en combate, debes saber que la respuesta es cero. Esto no implica que en el fondo del mar no se encuentren varios navíos de este tipo, algunos de estos en compañía del&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;material radiactivo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;que les permitía funcionar por largos períodos de tiempo e incluso atemorizar a sus oponentes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;A lo largo del tiempo,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.britannica.com/technology/nuclear-submarine#:~:text=Nuclear%20submarine%20accidents,-Thresher&amp;amp;text=Nine%20nuclear%20submarines%20are%20known,lost%20with%20all%20hands%20aboard.&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;nueve submarinos nucleares se han hundido&lt;/a&gt;. Cinco de la Armada de la URSS, dos de la Armada de Rusia y dos de la Armada de Estados Unidos. El protagonista de este artículo, el K-278 Komsomólets, surgió como un proyecto para perfeccionar el lanzamiento de misiles y acabó convirtiéndose en una tragedia marítima.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; line-height: 44px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El submarino nuclear que yace en el fondo del mar de Barents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Hacia finales de la década de 1960, la Unión Soviética ya había construido varios submarinos nucleares y se preparaba para sentar las bases de la que sería la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;cuarta generación&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;de estas herramientas estratégicas. La idea,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hisutton.com/K-278_Komsomolets.html&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;según recoge el especialista en defensa H I Sutton&lt;/a&gt;, era que los navíos pudieran transportar y lanzar una combinación de misiles convencionales y nucleares.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Para responder a aquella necesidad, en 1966 se empezó a desarrollar un proyecto conocido como &quot;685&quot;, que contemplaba la construcción de un primer submarino de tecnología avanzada en concepto de prototipo por parte de la compañía naval Sevmash. Así surgió el K-278 Komsomolets, cuya quilla fue colocada en 1978 y fue botado al mar en 1983.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Las características implementadas iban más allá de mejoras a nivel de armamento, sino que también estaban relacionadas con la versatilidad de ataque e inmersión. El casco estaba hecho de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;titanio 48T&lt;/strong&gt;, una aleación más ligera que el acero, pero lo suficientemente resistente como para permitir inmersiones profundas en escenarios de combate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Dn Sn 87 07042 Mike Class Submarine 1 Jan 1986&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;1962&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/a431b0/dn-sn-87-07042-mike_class_submarine-1_jan_1986/450_1000.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/a431b0/dn-sn-87-07042-mike_class_submarine-1_jan_1986/450_1000.jpeg 450w, https://i.blogs.es/a431b0/dn-sn-87-07042-mike_class_submarine-1_jan_1986/650_1200.jpeg 681w, https://i.blogs.es/a431b0/dn-sn-87-07042-mike_class_submarine-1_jan_1986/1024_2000.jpeg 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/a431b0/dn-sn-87-07042-mike_class_submarine-1_jan_1986/1366_2000.jpeg 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;2964&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;K-278 Komsomolets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El K-278 había sido diseñado para operar a una profundidad de rutina de 800 metros, brindado la posibilidad de alcanzar los 1.000 metros en situaciones límite. La profundidad de colapso, es decir, cuando la presión sobre el casco está a punto de causar daños estructurales graves o una implosión, se había establecido en unos 1.500 metros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;A nivel de dimensiones, tenía una manga de 12,3 metros y una longitud de 110 metros. El sistema de propulsión estaba integrado por dos reactores de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;fisión nuclear OK-650&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;de agua a presión y combustible de uranio-235 enriquecido al 20-45 %. Era capaz de lanzar torpedos convencionales y torpedos con ojivas nucleares.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Sunken Sub&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;1080&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/df7347/sunken-sub/450_1000.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/df7347/sunken-sub/450_1000.jpeg 450w, https://i.blogs.es/df7347/sunken-sub/650_1200.jpeg 681w, https://i.blogs.es/df7347/sunken-sub/1024_2000.jpeg 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/df7347/sunken-sub/1366_2000.jpeg 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;1920&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Imágenes del K-278 capturadas por Instituto de Investigación Marina de Noruega en 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Autoridad de Seguridad Nuclear y Radiación de Noruega (DSA) reseña que el 7 de abril de 1989, el K-278 navegaba en aguas internacionales frente a su país cuando sus tripulantes detectaron fluctuaciones en el sistema eléctrico de todo el navío. Los fallos eran producto de un incendio en un compartimento que comprometió el funcionamiento de los reactores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Producto del mencionado problema, los mecanismos de control del submarino empezaron a tener un comportamiento errático. Pese a esta caótica situación, y con el humo del incendio expándanse en el interior, el navío consiguió alcanzar la superficie y&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;muchos tripulantes fueron rescatados&lt;/strong&gt;. De los 69 marineros, 27 sobrevivieron y 42 murieron.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Vlcsnap 2019 07 09 21h53m50s141&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;696&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/10a15b/vlcsnap-2019-07-09-21h53m50s141/450_1000.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/10a15b/vlcsnap-2019-07-09-21h53m50s141/450_1000.png 450w, https://i.blogs.es/10a15b/vlcsnap-2019-07-09-21h53m50s141/650_1200.png 681w, https://i.blogs.es/10a15b/vlcsnap-2019-07-09-21h53m50s141/1024_2000.png 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/10a15b/vlcsnap-2019-07-09-21h53m50s141/1366_2000.png 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;1200&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El ROV Ægir 6000 analiza el K-278&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El prodigio tecnológico que prometía inaugurar una nueva clase de submarinos se hundió en las profundidades del mar, llevándose consigo dos reactores con uranio enriquecido y dos torpedos con ojivas nucleares. Desde aquel entonces yace a más de 1.600 metros en las profundidades en el mar de Barents, en el borde el Océano Ártico, en Noruega.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Aquel episodio, no obstante, está lejos de quedar completamente en el olvido. Desde aquel entonces, Rusia y Noruega han estado&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;monitorizando los niveles de radiación&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;en la zona del accidente. En 2019, el Instituto de Investigación Marina de Noruega&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://hi.no/en/hi/news/2019/july/researchers-discovered-leak-from-komsomolets&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;utilizó el ROV Ægir 6000 para estudiar&lt;/a&gt;detalladamente los restos del submarino de la era soviética.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Una serie de muestras tomadas ese mismo año revelaron que los niveles de radiación en algunas partes del navío eran 800.000 veces más altas de lo normal. Otras partes, señalaban, &quot;no registraban valores tan elevados&quot;. Aunque las mencionadas cifras podían parecer alarmantes, la líder de la expedición, Hilde Elise Heldal, creía que no eran sinónimo de peligro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/7592435069569609056/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/k-278-el-submarino-sovietico-que.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7592435069569609056'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7592435069569609056'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/k-278-el-submarino-sovietico-que.html' title='K-278, el submarino soviético que naufragó en 1989 llevándose consigo dos reactores y torpedos nucleares'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-8818949094563226641</id><published>2026-05-06T06:19:00.000+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-06T06:19:05.936+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="K-278 Komsomolets"/><title type='text'>Hay un submarino soviético hundido en Noruega desde hace 40 años. El problema es que acaban de descubrir que filtra radiación</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;El 7 de abril de 1989, el submarino nuclear soviético&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarino_K-278_Komsomolets&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;K-278 Komsomolets&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;se hundió en el Mar de Noruega tras un incendio descontrolado&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podlodka.info/education/26-accidents/311-proceedings-of-the-accident-and-the-damage-control-pla-komsomolets.html&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;fruto probablemente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de cortocircuito en los cuadros eléctricos del compartimento 7, que derivó en una deflagración masiva e incontrolable porque la atmósfera estaba críticamente enriquecida con oxígeno por fallos en el sistema de regeneración de aire. De las 69 personas a bordo, solo sobrevivieron 27.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;No era un submarino cualquiera: tenía un&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/why-navy-never-built-deep-diving-and-fast-titanium-submarines-russia-208195&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;casco de doble titanio&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;que le permitía&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/685.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;descender a profundidades inalcanzables&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;para sus rivales de la época. Su tecnología puntera escondía un núcleo peligroso: un reactor nuclear y dos ojivas de plutonio que desde entonces yacen en el fondo del mar, a 180 kilómetros al suroeste de la Isla del Oso, en el archipiélago de las Svalbard. Y según el estudio más completo realizado hasta la fecha, publicado hace unos días&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2520144123&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;en la revista científica PNAS&lt;/a&gt;, el Komsomolets sigue siendo una fuente activa de contaminación radioactiva en el Ártico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El hallazgo&lt;/strong&gt;. En 2019 un equipo de investigación noruego bajó con el robot submarino Ægir 6000 para inspeccionar el submarino a fondo con tecnología puntera. Al aproximarse al tubo de ventilación se encontraron con una columna de agua visiblemente distorsionada, como si fuera humo, como puedes ver en el vídeo que hay inmediatamente después de este bloque.&amp;nbsp;Es una fuga con un comportamiento intermitente.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Tomaron muestras y los resultados fueron contundentes: concentraciones de Cesio-137 800.000 veces la radiación normal del agua marina de la zona y de Estroncio-90 400.000 veces. Ambos isótopos son productos directos de la fisión del reactor nuclear. El análisis evidencia que la radiación proviene del sistema de propulsión (el reactor nuclear) y que el combustible del reactor está en proceso de corrosión con el entorno.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Por qué es importante&lt;/strong&gt;. La buena noticia es que esa fuga radiactiva no proviene de las ojivas nucleares: dos torpedos con cabezas atómicas. Por ahora, esa amenaza está bajo control: los soviéticos sellaron el compartimento de torpedos con placas de titanio a principios de los 90 y a juzgar por los análisis, el sellado sigue funcionando porque no han detectado plutonio armamentístico en el entorno marino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La mala noticia es el reactor. No explota ni desaparece, sino que simplemente los cilindros de circonio que protegen el uranio y el plutonio se están corroyendo, filtrando estos isótopos al mar en una fuga lenta e invisible que se diluye en el océano. Afortunadamente, las muestras tomadas en zonas relativamente cercanas demuestran que la dilución es rápida, en tanto en cuanto devuelven valores cerca de la normalidad. De hecho, el casco está repleto de esponjas, corales y anémonas y sus muestras contienen trazas bajas de cesio-137, pero sin daños detectables.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Contexto&lt;/strong&gt;. La radiactividad artificial en los océanos tiene tres fuentes principales&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/TE_1429_web.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;según la Agencia Internacional de Energía Atómica&lt;/a&gt;: los ensayos nucleares atmosféricos de los años 60 y 70, el accidente de Chernóbil y los vertidos autorizados de las plantas de reprocesamiento de Sellafield y La Hague, en el Reino Unido y Francia respectivamente. Los submarinos nucleares hundidos, donde entraría el Komsomolets, tienen una contribución marginal. Su importancia es más cualitativa que cuantitativa: son fuentes puntuales, localizadas y que suelen empeorar con el tiempo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Tras el desastre de Chernóbil en 1986, la Unión Soviética se vio sometida a una gran presión internacional. Cuando el Komsomolets se hundió tres años después, Moscú organizó misiones de inspección con sumergibles MIR. Cuando confirmó que las ojivas habían estado en contacto con el agua del mar, actuó: en 1994, con la economía en caída libre y&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://onepetro.org/SUTMMOS/proceedings-abstract/MMOS95/MMOS95/3102&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;fondos occidentales de por medio&lt;/a&gt;, técnicos rusos&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2014/11/14/soviet-nuclear-submarine-wrecks-at-bottom-of-arctic-ocean-video-a41348&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;sellaron las grietas&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;del compartimento de los torpedos con placas de titanio. Desde 2007 Noruega asume la vigilancia periódica del pecio como parte de sus responsabilidades de seguridad nuclear en el Ártico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-video article-asset-normal&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: 736px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;js-dailymotion&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;dailymotion-player-root dailymotion-player-x8gm6&quot; id=&quot;x8gm6-0&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; padding-bottom: 414px; position: relative; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;dailymotion-player-wrapper&quot; id=&quot;dailymotion-pip-large-viewport&quot; style=&quot;--position-bottom: 20px; --position-right: 20px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border-radius: 0.5rem; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 0.25rem 0.5rem; box-sizing: border-box; height: 231px; inset: unset; line-height: 24px; margin: 0.00001px; overflow: hidden; position: fixed; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; transform: translate( calc(596.5px - var(--position-right)), calc(-6369.765625px - var(--position-bottom)) ); transition: none; width: 410px; z-index: 2147483647;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allow=&quot;autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; class=&quot;dailymotion-player&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;100%&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;no-referrer-when-downgrade&quot; src=&quot;https://geo.dailymotion.com/player/x8gm6.html?mute=true&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: 231px; opacity: 1; transform: translate(0px); transition: none; width: 410px;&quot; title=&quot;Dailymotion video player - S-81 Isaac Peral&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Estado actual del riesgo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Por ahora las ojivas nucleares están contenidas, su sellado funciona y no hay señales de plutonio armamentístico en el agua. El reactor es el problema activo ahora: el combustible se corroe, las emisiones son reales y el equipo de investigación no comprende por qué son intermitentes ni cómo es la tasa. &amp;nbsp;Cualquier intento de recuperar o manipular físicamente el submarino sería probablemente más peligroso que dejarlo donde está en tanto en cuanto si los materiales radioactivos llegasen a la atmósfera, la contaminación podría llegar a la tierra con consecuencias peores a las actuales. .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Un laboratorio nuclear bajo el mar&lt;/strong&gt;. El equipo de investigación tiene dos objetivos por delante: entender por qué la fuga es intermitente y si esa tasa de corrosión se está acelerando con el tiempo. De forma involuntaria, el Komsomolets es ahora un laboratorio natural para estudiar qué pasa con los reactores nucleares sumergidos a largo plazo. Una información que no es baladí, habida cuenta de la cantidad de artefactos nucleares que duermen en el lecho marino.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/8818949094563226641/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/hay-un-submarino-sovietico-hundido-en.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8818949094563226641'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8818949094563226641'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/hay-un-submarino-sovietico-hundido-en.html' title='Hay un submarino soviético hundido en Noruega desde hace 40 años. El problema es que acaban de descubrir que filtra radiación'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-7366602680719717898</id><published>2026-05-06T06:15:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2026-05-06T06:15:09.218+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proyecto Azorian"/><title type='text'>Cómo EEUU robó un submarino nuclear soviético a 5.000 metros con una “garra gigante” sin que nadie se diera cuenta</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;En la década de 1970, un gigantesco barco estadounidense navegaba lentamente por el Pacífico mientras varios buques soviéticos&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;lo vigilaban&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;a pocos metros, tomando fotos y escuchando cada conversación. En cubierta, los marineros hablaban en voz alta sobre rocas del fondo marino y recogían muestras para que todo pareciera rutinario, sin que nadie sospechara que, justo bajo sus pies, se estaba desarrollando una de las&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;operaciones más insólitas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de toda la Guerra Fría.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Un robo imposible.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;A finales de los años 60, en plena Guerra Fría, Estados Unidos localizó en secreto el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_submarine_K-129_(1960)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;submarino soviético K-129&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;hundido a más de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/during-cold-war-ci-secretly-plucked-soviet-submarine-ocean-floor-using-giant-claw-180972154/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;5.000 metros de profundidad&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;en el Pacífico, una distancia que convertía cualquier intento de recuperación en algo prácticamente irrealizable.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Aun así, el valor estratégico&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/deep_sea_mining&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;era enorme&lt;/a&gt;, ya que el sumergible transportaba misiles nucleares, códigos y tecnología clave que podían inclinar la balanza en un momento de paridad nuclear entre superpotencias. Con ese objetivo en mente, la CIA puso en marcha&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cia.gov/legacy/museum/exhibit/project-azorian/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;el Proyecto Azorian&lt;/a&gt;, una operación tan ambiciosa que durante años solo un reducido círculo dentro del Gobierno conocía su existencia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Contexto.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;En realidad, la misión, que duró más o menos seis años, se había iniciado en 1968, momento en que el K-129 cargado de misiles balísticos&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/during-cold-war-ci-secretly-plucked-soviet-submarine-ocean-floor-using-giant-claw-180972154/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;desapareció sin explicación&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;en algún punto del océano Pacífico.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La situación no era del todo rara si pensamos que, en aquella época posterior a la&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_de_los_misiles_de_Cuba&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Crisis de los Misiles de Cuba&lt;/a&gt;, tanto los submarinos estadounidenses como los soviéticos patrullaban alta mar con armas nucleares a bordo, preparados para una posible guerra.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Model Of The Sunken And Deteriorated K 129 Submarine Was Created By The Cia During The Azorian Mission That Has Never Been Displayed Before At The Cia Museum In 2022&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;2400&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/b2920e/model_of_the_sunken_and_deteriorated_k-129_submarine_was_created_by_the_cia_during_the_azorian_mission_that_has_never_been_displayed_before_at_the_cia_museum_in_2022/450_1000.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/b2920e/model_of_the_sunken_and_deteriorated_k-129_submarine_was_created_by_the_cia_during_the_azorian_mission_that_has_never_been_displayed_before_at_the_cia_museum_in_2022/450_1000.jpeg 450w, https://i.blogs.es/b2920e/model_of_the_sunken_and_deteriorated_k-129_submarine_was_created_by_the_cia_during_the_azorian_mission_that_has_never_been_displayed_before_at_the_cia_museum_in_2022/650_1200.jpeg 681w, https://i.blogs.es/b2920e/model_of_the_sunken_and_deteriorated_k-129_submarine_was_created_by_the_cia_during_the_azorian_mission_that_has_never_been_displayed_before_at_the_cia_museum_in_2022/1024_2000.jpeg 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/b2920e/model_of_the_sunken_and_deteriorated_k-129_submarine_was_created_by_the_cia_during_the_azorian_mission_that_has_never_been_displayed_before_at_the_cia_museum_in_2022/1366_2000.jpeg 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;3598&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Maqueta del submarino K-129 hundido y deteriorado&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El hundimiento.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/during-cold-war-ci-secretly-plucked-soviet-submarine-ocean-floor-using-giant-claw-180972154/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Hay informes&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;que indican que se debió a un fallo mecánico, como el encendido accidental del motor del misil, mientras que los soviéticos sospecharon durante un tiempo que los estadounidenses habían&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;actuado de mala fe&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sea como fuere y tras dos meses, la Unión Soviética abandonó la búsqueda del K-129 y las armas nucleares que transportaba, pero Estados Unidos, que recientemente había utilizado tecnología de la Fuerza Aérea para localizar&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.es/books?id=BWpHb3dgJe4C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;dos de sus propios submarinos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;hundidos, localizó el submarino a 2.400 kilómetros al noroeste de Hawái y a 5.030 metros de profundidad. Según la&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb305/doc01.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;historia desclasificada&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;del proyecto por la CIA décadas después, &quot;ningún país del mundo había logrado recuperar un objeto de este tamaño y peso desde tal profundidad&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Painting Of Azorian Mission Approved&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;709&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/87f15e/painting-of-azorian-mission-approved/450_1000.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/87f15e/painting-of-azorian-mission-approved/450_1000.jpeg 450w, https://i.blogs.es/87f15e/painting-of-azorian-mission-approved/650_1200.jpeg 681w, https://i.blogs.es/87f15e/painting-of-azorian-mission-approved/1024_2000.jpeg 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/87f15e/painting-of-azorian-mission-approved/1366_2000.jpeg 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;800&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sherman Wetmore, ingeniero jefe del Glomar Explorer, observa una pintura al óleo del barco reflotando el submarino soviético&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El gran teatro de la mentira.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Una vez que Washington dio con su ubicación y con el fin de ocultar el verdadero propósito, se diseñó una de las&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nationalsecurityjournal.org/a-russian-nuclear-attack-submarine-sank-16500-feet-down-the-cia-salvaged-part-of-it/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;tapaderas más elaboradas&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;de la historia: una supuesta misión de minería submarina liderada por el excéntrico millonario&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Hughes&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Howard Hughes&lt;/a&gt;, cuya reputación hacía creíble cualquier proyecto extravagante.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;¿Cómo? Se construyó el enorme&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomar_Explorer&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Hughes Glomar Explorer&lt;/a&gt;, presentado al mundo como un buque capaz de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a69919282/cia-soviet-submarine-recovery/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;extraer nódulos de manganeso&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;del fondo marino, mientras en realidad ocultaba en su interior un sistema secreto diseñado para capturar el submarino. La operación fue tan convincente que incluso&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;influyó en mercados y universidades&lt;/a&gt;, alimentando durante años la ilusión de una nueva industria minera que en realidad nunca fue el objetivo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Cropped Color Edited Rc 214 Jpg 2&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;467&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/b02c82/cropped-color-edited-rc-214.jpg-2/450_1000.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/b02c82/cropped-color-edited-rc-214.jpg-2/450_1000.png 450w, https://i.blogs.es/b02c82/cropped-color-edited-rc-214.jpg-2/650_1200.png 681w, https://i.blogs.es/b02c82/cropped-color-edited-rc-214.jpg-2/1024_2000.png 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/b02c82/cropped-color-edited-rc-214.jpg-2/1366_2000.png 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;1072&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Detalles del plano de construcción del Glomar Explorer (reproducción), de 1971. En la parte inferior central del barco, se pueden ver los planos de la denominada como &quot;piscina lunar&quot;, a la que la garra podría introducir el submarino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;La garra gigante.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;El corazón de la misión era, posiblemente, lo más peliculero de toda una historia ya de por sí increíble. Se trataba de un dispositivo oculto bajo el barco: una&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cia.gov/legacy/museum/exhibit/project-azorian/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;gigantesca “garra” mecánica&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;capaz de descender kilómetros hasta el fondo oceánico, abrazar el casco del submarino y elevarlo mediante un complejo sistema de tuberías y cables.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Todo el proceso debía ejecutarse fuera de la vista, utilizando una abertura interna del barco (el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/during-cold-war-ci-secretly-plucked-soviet-submarine-ocean-floor-using-giant-claw-180972154/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;llamado “moon pool”&lt;/a&gt;) que permitía trabajar completamente oculto, incluso bajo la vigilancia constante de buques soviéticos que sospechaban, pero&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/deep_sea_mining&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;no podían probar nada&lt;/a&gt;. Qué duda cabe, la operación requería una precisión extrema, soportar tensiones colosales y mantener la posición del buque en mar abierto durante días, algo que en sí mismo ya suponía un desafío tecnológico sin precedentes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Azorian Diagram&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;599&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/e0419f/azorian-diagram/450_1000.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/e0419f/azorian-diagram/450_1000.png 450w, https://i.blogs.es/e0419f/azorian-diagram/650_1200.png 681w, https://i.blogs.es/e0419f/azorian-diagram/1024_2000.png 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/e0419f/azorian-diagram/1366_2000.png 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;413&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Todo (casi) listo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;En el verano de 1974, tras años de preparación, la CIA&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nationalsecurityjournal.org/a-russian-nuclear-attack-submarine-sank-16500-feet-down-the-cia-salvaged-part-of-it/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;logró llegar hasta el submarino&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y engancharlo con la garra, momento en que comenzó a elevarlo lentamente hacia la superficie, en una operación que duró días y mantuvo en tensión a toda la tripulación.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, a mitad del ascenso, la estructura cedió y gran parte del K-129 volvió a caer al fondo del océano, dejando únicamente&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nationalsecurityjournal.org/a-russian-nuclear-attack-submarine-sank-16500-feet-down-the-cia-salvaged-part-of-it/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;una sección recuperada&lt;/a&gt;. Aun así, se lograron rescatar&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a69919282/cia-soviet-submarine-recovery/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;restos del casco y los cuerpos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;de varios marineros soviéticos, los cuales fueron enterrados con honores en el mar, mientras el verdadero botín (los misiles y los códigos secretos) quedó envuelto en la incertidumbre y el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;más absoluto secretismo&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;por parte de Estados Unidos, ya que muchos de los detalles hoy siguen clasificados.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;“Ni confirmamos ni negamos”.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;El mayor giro de la historia llegó cuando la operación&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cia.gov/legacy/museum/exhibit/project-azorian/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;salió a la luz en 1975&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;tras&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb305/doc01.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;filtraciones y robos&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;de documentos vinculados a la tapadera empresarial, obligando al Gobierno estadounidense a enfrentarse a una situación diplomática de lo más delicada.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, en lugar de admitir o desmentir el robo de un submarino soviético nuclear a más de 5.000 metros de profundidad, Washington adoptó una respuesta que pasaría a la historia:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/during-cold-war-ci-secretly-plucked-soviet-submarine-ocean-floor-using-giant-claw-180972154/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;“ni confirmamos ni negamos”&lt;/a&gt;, una fórmula diseñada para evitar tensiones directas con Moscú y que desde entonces se convirtió en un estándar en materia de inteligencia. Ese&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/deep_sea_mining&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;silencio calculado&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;encapsula la esencia de toda la operación: una misión gigantesca, casi imposible sobre el papel, visible para todos en apariencia, pero cuyo verdadero propósito y resultados siguen, en gran medida, ocultos para el gran público.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El legado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Aunque el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Proyecto Azorian&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;no recuperó el submarino completo, dejó una huella profunda en la historia&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nationalsecurityjournal.org/a-russian-nuclear-attack-submarine-sank-16500-feet-down-the-cia-salvaged-part-of-it/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;del espionaje y la ingeniería&lt;/a&gt;, entre otras cosas porque demostró que era posible operar en profundidades extremas y ejecutar misiones de una&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a69919282/cia-soviet-submarine-recovery/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;complejidad sin precedentes&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Por supuesto, también evidenció hasta qué punto la Guerra Fría impulsó&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;soluciones técnicas radicales&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y operaciones que rozaban lo inverosímil, en una carrera por&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cia.gov/legacy/museum/exhibit/project-azorian/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;obtener ventaja estratégica&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;a cualquier precio entre ambos bandos. Décadas después, sigue siendo uno de los episodios más audaces jamás concebidos: el intento real de robar, en silencio y desde el fondo kilométrico del océano, los secretos nucleares de los soviéticos con una garra más cercana a la literatura fantástica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/7366602680719717898/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/como-eeuu-robo-un-submarino-nuclear.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7366602680719717898'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7366602680719717898'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/05/como-eeuu-robo-un-submarino-nuclear.html' title='Cómo EEUU robó un submarino nuclear soviético a 5.000 metros con una “garra gigante” sin que nadie se diera cuenta'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-6509821861893481322</id><published>2026-04-26T06:19:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-26T06:19:06.922+02:00</updated><title type='text'>La Marina de EEUU retira minas iraníes del estrecho de Ormuz</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;rel f m0 fdc -mx20 sm:-mx40 lg:-mx56 x100vw sm:cw-80 lg:cw-112 mb32&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; flex-direction: column; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px -56px 32px; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: calc(100% + 112px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;rel x100 block&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: 857px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;picture style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 1154px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_960.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 1074px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_720.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 1048px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_640.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 1024px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_1080.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 784px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_960.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 768px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_720.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 768px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_960.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 720px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_768.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 640px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_720.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 480px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_640.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 360px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_480.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(min-width: 240px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_360.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;source media=&quot;(max-width: 239px)&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_240.webp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit;&quot; type=&quot;image/webp&quot;&gt;&lt;/source&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;El sol se levanta detrás de varios buques petroleros anclados en el estrecho de Ormuz, frente a la costa de la isla Qeshm, Irán, el sábado 18 de abril de 2026.&quot; class=&quot;x100 y100 opc bgpc ofcv bgscv block bg-gray200 mnh0px fill&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;426&quot; loading=&quot;eager&quot; sizes=&quot;&quot; srcset=&quot;https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_80.jpg 80w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_160.jpg 160w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_240.jpg 240w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_360.jpg 360w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_480.jpg 480w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_640.jpg 640w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_720.jpg 720w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_960.jpg 960w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_1080.jpg 1080w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_1440.jpg 1440w, https://s.hdnux.com/photos/01/66/05/27/30954957/3/ratio3x2_1920.jpg 1920w&quot; style=&quot;aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; background-position: 50% center; background-size: cover; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 571.328125px; inset: 0px; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; object-fit: cover; object-position: center center; padding: 0px; width: 857px;&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/picture&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;f fdc g2 rel pt8 px20 sm:px0 rel&quot; id=&quot;mediaCaptionAria&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--s2); margin: 0px; padding: 8px 0px 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;photoCaption c-gray700 block ya&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-family: var(--photoCaption-font); font-size: var(--photoCaption-size); font-style: var(--photoCaption-style); height: auto; letter-spacing: var(--photoCaption-letterspacing); line-height: var(--photoCaption-lineheight); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r12zgbl0 ruduv2y&quot; data-server-side-rendered=&quot;true&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.224px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El sol se levanta detrás de varios buques petroleros anclados en el estrecho de Ormuz, frente a la costa de la isla Qeshm, Irán, el sábado 18 de abril de 2026.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;photoCredit c-gray600 block rel z1 mt2 mr48&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-family: var(--photoCredit-font); font-size: var(--photoCredit-size); font-style: var(--photoCredit-style); letter-spacing: var(--photoCredit-letterspacing); line-height: var(--photoCredit-lineheight); margin: 2px 48px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; z-index: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Asghar Besharati/AP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pb20&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;x100 tac fs16&quot; data-eid=&quot;item-103157&quot; data-publication-id=&quot;pblc_jm82KkUk0WE&quot; id=&quot;everlit-auto-audio-widget&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1rem; height: 130px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; width: 745px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;WASHINGTON (AP) — El presidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, afirma que la Marina estadounidense está retirando minas iraníes del estrecho de Ormuz, una ruta marítima vital para los envíos de petróleo cuya interrupción amenaza cada vez más a la economía mundial.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Expertos señalan que rastrear explosivos submarinos podría llevar meses pese a un frágil alto el fuego entre Estados Unidos e Irán en la guerra, que ya ha durado varias semanas. Cualquier afirmación futura de que Estados Unidos despejó la vía navegable por la que suele pasar el 20% del petróleo mundial podría no convencer a los cargueros comerciales y a sus aseguradoras de que por fin el tránsito es seguro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;“Ni siquiera hace falta que hayas colocado minas; basta con que hagas creer a la gente que lo has hecho”, afirmó Emma Salisbury, investigadora del Programa de Seguridad Nacional del Foreign Policy Research Institute.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;“Y aunque Estados Unidos rastree el estrecho y diga que todo está despejado, lo único que tienen que hacer los iraníes es decir: ‘Bueno, en realidad, todavía no las han encontrado todas’”, añadió la experta, quien también es investigadora asociada del Royal Navy Strategic Studies Centre. “Hay un límite a lo que Estados Unidos puede hacer para devolver esa confianza al transporte marítimo comercial”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Buscar minas es una de las tácticas más recientes anunciadas por el gobierno de Trump para que el tráfico vuelva a atravesar el estrecho, mientras el alza de los precios de la energía y los efectos económicos más amplios suponen un riesgo político. Estados Unidos también ha bloqueado los puertos de Irán y ha incautado barcos vinculados a Teherán, pero el presidente manifestó el sábado que ordenó a sus enviados que no viajen a Pakistán para las más recientes conversaciones sobre el alto el fuego después de que el principal diplomático iraní saliera de Islamabad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--primaryInlineHeader-font); font-size: var(--primaryInlineHeader-lg-size); font-style: var(--primaryInlineHeader-style); font-weight: var(--primaryInlineHeader-weight); letter-spacing: var(--primaryInlineHeader-letterspacing); line-height: var(--primaryInlineHeader-lineheight); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Hegseth no niega que el desminado podría tardar 6 meses&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;r1udwkp5 d1uy5mhj articleBody mb32&quot; data-block-type=&quot;text&quot; data-dropcap=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-family: var(--articleBody-font); font-size: var(--articleBody-size); line-height: var(--articleBody-lineheight); margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Funcionarios del Pentágono dijeron a legisladores que probablemente tomaría seis meses despejar las minas que Irán colocó en el estrecho, según una persona familiarizada con la situación que habló bajo condición de anonimato para tratar información sensible. La información se entregó el martes en una sesión informativa clasificada en el Comité de Servicios Armados de la Cámara de Representantes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/6509821861893481322/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/la-marina-de-eeuu-retira-minas-iranies.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6509821861893481322'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6509821861893481322'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/la-marina-de-eeuu-retira-minas-iranies.html' title='La Marina de EEUU retira minas iraníes del estrecho de Ormuz'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-1455885850442459734</id><published>2026-04-26T06:17:02.198+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-26T06:17:38.525+02:00</updated><title type='text'>el Bautismo de Fuego: el heroico combate de los submarinos argentinos en Malvinas</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;A 44 años del&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Conflicto del Atlántico Sur&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;, la&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Armada Argentina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;recordó este sábado el&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;“Bautismo de Fuego” de la Fuerza de Submarinos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;, una fecha que remite al ataque sufrido por el&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ARA&amp;nbsp;&lt;em data-end=&quot;553&quot; data-start=&quot;543&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Santa Fe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;en las islas Georgias del Sur y al protagonismo silencioso de los hombres que combatieron bajo el mar durante la&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Guerra de Malvinas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1035&quot; data-start=&quot;688&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El comandante de la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Fuerza de Submarinos&lt;/strong&gt;, rindió homenaje a los veteranos y destacó que&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;“honraron a la Armada y a la Patria en el cumplimiento de su deber, sin vacilaciones”&lt;/strong&gt;. También los vinculó con los 44 tripulantes del&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ARA&amp;nbsp;&lt;em data-end=&quot;965&quot; data-start=&quot;955&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;San Juan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, al señalar que todos representan el mismo compromiso con la bandera.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1035&quot; data-start=&quot;688&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;25_de_abril ara santa fe&quot; class=&quot;img-responsive ls-is-cached lazyloaded&quot; data-id=&quot;16671&quot; data-src=&quot;/download/multimedia.normal.b5935aecf01b4f46.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp&quot; data-srcset=&quot;/download/multimedia.normal.b5935aecf01b4f46.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp 800w, /download/multimedia.miniatura.bf9dc48017f43372.bWluaWF0dXJhLndlYnA%3D.webp 400w&quot; height=&quot;452&quot; src=&quot;https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.normal.b5935aecf01b4f46.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp&quot; srcset=&quot;https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.normal.b5935aecf01b4f46.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp 800w, https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.miniatura.bf9dc48017f43372.bWluaWF0dXJhLndlYnA%3D.webp 400w&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; transition-duration: 300ms; transition-property: opacity; word-break: break-all;&quot; width=&quot;800&quot; /&gt;&lt;figcaption style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1504&quot; data-start=&quot;1037&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1504&quot; data-start=&quot;1037&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ARA&amp;nbsp;&lt;em data-end=&quot;1054&quot; data-start=&quot;1044&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Santa Fe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;había participado primero en la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Operación Rosario&lt;/strong&gt;, colaborando en el desembarco argentino del 2 de abril de 1982. Días después recibió una misión aún más riesgosa: trasladar refuerzos y armamento a Georgias del Sur. Tras completar el desembarco, e&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;l 25 de abril fue detectado y atacado por helicópteros británicos Wessex, Sea Lynx y Wasp&lt;/strong&gt;. Un misil impactó en la vela del submarino y&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dejó herido al cabo Alberto Macías&lt;/strong&gt;, que respondía con un fusil FAL.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1504&quot; data-start=&quot;1037&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;ARA SANAT FE 3&quot; class=&quot;img-responsive lazyloaded&quot; data-id=&quot;16673&quot; data-src=&quot;/download/multimedia.normal.938356cc8d173826.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp&quot; data-srcset=&quot;/download/multimedia.normal.938356cc8d173826.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp 800w, /download/multimedia.miniatura.95c959080a04c670.bWluaWF0dXJhLndlYnA%3D.webp 400w&quot; height=&quot;452&quot; src=&quot;https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.normal.938356cc8d173826.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp&quot; srcset=&quot;https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.normal.938356cc8d173826.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp 800w, https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.miniatura.95c959080a04c670.bWluaWF0dXJhLndlYnA%3D.webp 400w&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; transition-duration: 300ms; transition-property: opacity; word-break: break-all;&quot; width=&quot;800&quot; /&gt;&lt;figcaption style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1739&quot; data-start=&quot;1506&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1739&quot; data-start=&quot;1506&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;La nave logró regresar al muelle de Caleta Vago, pero finalmente debió rendirse ante la superioridad enemiga.&lt;/strong&gt;Durante el traslado posterior&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;murió el suboficial Félix Artuso&lt;/strong&gt;, recordado desde entonces como símbolo del sacrificio naval.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;1739&quot; data-start=&quot;1506&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Felix Artuso&quot; class=&quot;img-responsive lazyloaded&quot; data-id=&quot;16675&quot; data-src=&quot;/download/multimedia.normal.964c49155a3f07dc.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp&quot; data-srcset=&quot;/download/multimedia.normal.964c49155a3f07dc.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp 800w, /download/multimedia.miniatura.ab6798c64cbce5a6.bWluaWF0dXJhLndlYnA%3D.webp 400w&quot; height=&quot;452&quot; src=&quot;https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.normal.964c49155a3f07dc.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp&quot; srcset=&quot;https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.normal.964c49155a3f07dc.bm9ybWFsLndlYnA%3D.webp 800w, https://studio341news.com/download/multimedia.miniatura.ab6798c64cbce5a6.bWluaWF0dXJhLndlYnA%3D.webp 400w&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; transition-duration: 300ms; transition-property: opacity; word-break: break-all;&quot; width=&quot;800&quot; /&gt;&lt;figcaption style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;2082&quot; data-start=&quot;1741&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;2082&quot; data-start=&quot;1741&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El otro gran protagonista fue el&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ARA&amp;nbsp;&lt;em data-end=&quot;1788&quot; data-start=&quot;1778&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;San Luis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Durante 40 días de patrulla y 864 horas de inmersión,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;hostigó a la flota británica&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;pese a graves fallas técnicas en sus torpedos y sistemas de tiro. Aunque no logró hundimientos confirmados, su sola presencia generó preocupación en el mando inglés, que nunca consiguió ubicarlo con precisión.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-end=&quot;2171&quot; data-is-last-node=&quot;&quot; data-is-only-node=&quot;&quot; data-start=&quot;2084&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(38, 38, 38); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Dos submarinos, dos historias distintas y un mismo legado:&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;coraje en las profundidades.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/1455885850442459734/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-bautismo-de-fuego-el-heroico-combate.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/1455885850442459734'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/1455885850442459734'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-bautismo-de-fuego-el-heroico-combate.html' title='el Bautismo de Fuego: el heroico combate de los submarinos argentinos en Malvinas'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-3455097711723170081</id><published>2026-04-26T06:16:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-26T06:16:05.353+02:00</updated><title type='text'>el Ártico se ha convertido en el escondite del mayor desafío de Rusia a la OTAN: Borei y Yasen</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;Uno de los mayores temores de las marinas occidentales no era un ataque directo, sino algo&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://vigilanz.hypotheses.org/4229&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;mucho más inquietante&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;: no saber dónde estaba el adversario. Esa sensación se hizo especialmente evidente cuando, en plena Guerra Fría, un submarino soviético logró&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_submarine_K-324&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;seguir a un grupo naval&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px;&quot;&gt;estadounidense durante días sin ser detectado, demostrando que en ciertos escenarios el verdadero poder no está en golpear primero, sino en permanecer invisible el tiempo suficiente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;No se ve, pero no se detiene.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Contaban en un extenso&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/?embedded-checkout=true&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;reportaje en Bloomberg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;que, a cientos de metros bajo una montaña en el norte de Noruega, la OTAN vigila sin descanso un tablero que no aparece en los titulares diarios, pero que nunca ha dejado de estar activo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Mientras la atención global&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Ucrania está derribando drones rusos con &amp;quot;pilotos&amp;quot; a 500 kilómetros del frente: es una revolución radical en la guerra&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ha-ocurrido-hecho-inedito-guerra-ucrania-ha-tumbado-shaheds-rusos-hotel-a-500-km-clave-esta-wifi&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ha-ocurrido-hecho-inedito-guerra-ucrania-ha-tumbado-shaheds-rusos-hotel-a-500-km-clave-esta-wifi&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;se centra&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y con razón en&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Si la pregunta es por qué EEUU atacó un barco iraní con un arma inédita en 40 años, ya sabemos la respuesta: un &amp;quot;regalo de China&amp;quot;&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/pregunta-que-eeuu-ataco-barco-irani-arma-inedita-40-anos-ahora-sabemos-respuesta-tenia-regalo-chino&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/pregunta-que-eeuu-ataco-barco-irani-arma-inedita-40-anos-ahora-sabemos-respuesta-tenia-regalo-chino&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;conflictos más visibles&lt;/a&gt;, en las profundidades del Atlántico Norte se desarrolla una competición constante por detectar, seguir y no perder de vista a los activos más sensibles del adversario. Es, si se quiere, una vigilancia silenciosa, técnica y permanente, una donde el margen de error es mínimo y donde la ausencia de noticias no significa, ni mucho menos,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;ausencia de actividad&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El Ártico como epicentro estratégico.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Como decíamos, aunque el foco político y mediático se ha desplazado irremediablemente&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Europa se ha puesto manos a la obra para uno de sus mayores retos geopolíticos: abrir Ormuz sin ayuda de EEUU&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/europa-tiene-plan-explosivo-para-ormuz-uno-donde-hay-minas-escoltas-alianza-iran-rastro-eeuu&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/europa-tiene-plan-explosivo-para-ormuz-uno-donde-hay-minas-escoltas-alianza-iran-rastro-eeuu&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;hacia Oriente Medio&lt;/a&gt;, el verdadero pulso entre Rusia y la OTAN se está desplazando cada vez más&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;hacia el Ártico&lt;/a&gt;, a miles de metros bajo el mar en un entorno que combina aislamiento, profundidad y condiciones extremas que dificultan cualquier seguimiento.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Esta región, que durante años fue vista como periférica, ha&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Rusia y China ya tenían una ventaja sobre EEUU en el Ártico. Tras lo de Groenlandia se ha multiplicado&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/mover-solo-dedo-pulso-eeuu-a-groenlandia-le-ha-hecho-regalo-perfecto-a-dos-naciones-amigas-rusia-china&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/mover-solo-dedo-pulso-eeuu-a-groenlandia-le-ha-hecho-regalo-perfecto-a-dos-naciones-amigas-rusia-china&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;recuperado su centralidad&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;por la apertura de nuevas rutas, recursos y, sobre todo,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Ha llegado un nuevo ejército a poner orden en el Ártico: un escuadrón de F-35 que no pertenece ni a China, ni a Rusia ni a EEUU&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ha-llegado-nuevo-ejercito-a-poner-orden-artico-escuadron-f-35-que-no-pertenece-a-china-a-rusia-a-eeuu&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ha-llegado-nuevo-ejercito-a-poner-orden-artico-escuadron-f-35-que-no-pertenece-a-china-a-rusia-a-eeuu&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;por su valor militar&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;como espacio de tránsito y ocultación. En este escenario, el hielo y la geografía, más que obstáculos, son aliados naturales para quien sabe aprovecharlos. Y&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Moscú lleva ventaja&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;D&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;800&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/7ca194/-_-_-_-/450_1000.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/7ca194/-_-_-_-/450_1000.jpeg 450w, https://i.blogs.es/7ca194/-_-_-_-/650_1200.jpeg 681w, https://i.blogs.es/7ca194/-_-_-_-/1024_2000.jpeg 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/7ca194/-_-_-_-/1366_2000.jpeg 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;1200&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Ceremonia de bienvenida al submarino nuclear &quot;Alexander Nevsky&quot;, de la clase Borei K550, en la base permanente de Vilyuchinsk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Borei y Yasen: el desafío ruso.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;El corazón de esta estrategia lo forman los submarinos de nueva generación desplegados por&amp;nbsp;Vladimir Putin, especialmente las clases&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borei-class_submarine&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Borei&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasen-class_submarine&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Yasen&lt;/a&gt;, diseñadas para operar durante largos periodos sin ser detectadas y capaces de portar armamento estratégico.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Aunque no siempre igualan a sus equivalentes occidentales en sigilo,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;recordaban en Bloomberg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;que lo compensan con tácticas adaptadas al entorno ártico, como operar bajo la capa de hielo o protegidos por otras unidades, lo que complica enormemente su localización. Quizás por ello, para la OTAN el mayor riesgo no es su presencia, sino más bien el momento en que dejan de estar bajo control.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-asset-image article-asset-normal article-asset-center&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); clear: both; font-family: Tofino, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 48px; max-width: 736px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;asset-content&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;caption-img &quot; style=&quot;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;560&quot; class=&quot;centro_sinmarco&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;1192&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/beae96/--560_-/450_1000.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i.blogs.es/beae96/--560_-/450_1000.jpeg 450w, https://i.blogs.es/beae96/--560_-/650_1200.jpeg 681w, https://i.blogs.es/beae96/--560_-/1024_2000.jpeg 1024w, https://i.blogs.es/beae96/--560_-/1366_2000.jpeg 1366w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 736px;&quot; width=&quot;1812&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(205, 225, 193); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 736px; padding: 12px 0px; text-align: left; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;K-560 Severodvinsk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Una persecución constante.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Lo&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Islandia cuenta con una corredor clave del Atlántico para Rusia. Así que EEUU ha enviado su primer submarino nuclear&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/submarino-nuclear-eeuu-acaba-llegar-a-islandia-primera-vez-historia-eso-solo-puede-significar-cosa-giuk&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/submarino-nuclear-eeuu-acaba-llegar-a-islandia-primera-vez-historia-eso-solo-puede-significar-cosa-giuk&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;hemos contado&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;antes. Durante décadas, el punto clave para detectar estos submarinos era el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Ya sabemos por qué Groenlandia es tan importante: la clave se llama GIUK y da acceso a China y Rusia al este de EEUU&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ahora-sabemos-que-groenlandia-importante-clave-se-llama-giuk-da-acceso-a-china-rusia-al-este-eeuu&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ahora-sabemos-que-groenlandia-importante-clave-se-llama-giuk-da-acceso-a-china-rusia-al-este-eeuu&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;conocido corredor GIUK&lt;/a&gt;, entre Groenlandia, Islandia y Reino Unido, pero los avances tecnológicos y operativos han empujado esta especie de caza hacia latitudes más altas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Ahora, el objetivo es interceptarlos&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;antes de que abandonen&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;las aguas relativamente poco profundas del mar de Barents y se adentren en zonas donde pueden desaparecer con mayor facilidad. Esta evolución ha obligado&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Ha llegado un nuevo ejército a poner orden en el Ártico: un escuadrón de F-35 que no pertenece ni a China, ni a Rusia ni a EEUU&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ha-llegado-nuevo-ejercito-a-poner-orden-artico-escuadron-f-35-que-no-pertenece-a-china-a-rusia-a-eeuu&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ha-llegado-nuevo-ejercito-a-poner-orden-artico-escuadron-f-35-que-no-pertenece-a-china-a-rusia-a-eeuu&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;a reforzar la cooperación&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;entre aliados y a&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ac.nato.int/archive/2025-2/nato-opens-new-combined-air-operations-centre-in-norway--strengthening-command-and-control-across-the-alliance-&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;desplegar sistemas de vigilancia&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;cada vez más sofisticados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Europa en la sombra.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Ocurre que,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;El plan B de EEUU en el Ártico es una cueva submarina de Noruega. El único inconveniente es que no está en venta&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/plan-b-eeuu-artico-cueva-submarina-noruega-unico-inconveniente-que-no-esta-venta&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/plan-b-eeuu-artico-cueva-submarina-noruega-unico-inconveniente-que-no-esta-venta&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;ante la incertidumbre&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;sobre el compromiso a largo plazo de Estados Unidos, los países europeos están aumentando su implicación en esta vigilancia, con&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ac.nato.int/archive/2025-2/nato-opens-new-combined-air-operations-centre-in-norway--strengthening-command-and-control-across-the-alliance-&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Noruega como pieza central&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y socios como Reino Unido, Alemania o Canadá reforzando capacidades y coordinación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El resultado de ello se ha traducido&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;en nuevas adquisiciones&lt;/a&gt;, ejercicios conjuntos y despliegues avanzados, movimientos todos que reflejan una transición en la que Europa intenta asumir más responsabilidad en su propia defensa, especialmente en un entorno tan crítico como el Ártico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Una nueva Guerra Fría bajo el hielo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Sí, porque el resultado nos acerca a un escenario que recuerda cada vez más a la (i)lógica de la Guerra Fría, pero esta vez con la diferencia de que ahora hay herramientas mucho más avanzadas y un contexto geopolítico&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;completamente diferente&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 24px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Durante años Europa se ha preguntado cómo detener a la flota fantasma rusa. Ucrania le acaba de mostrar el camino: con IA&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ucrania-acaba-lograr-que-europa-no-ha-conseguido-dos-anos-tumbar-flota-fantasma-rusa-necesidad-humanos&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/ucrania-acaba-lograr-que-europa-no-ha-conseguido-dos-anos-tumbar-flota-fantasma-rusa-necesidad-humanos&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;flota del norte rusa&lt;/a&gt;, modernizada y prioritaria dentro de su estructura militar, representa una de las principales capacidades de disuasión del Kremlin, especialmente a medida que sus fuerzas convencionales muestran debilidades&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;text-outboundlink&quot; data-vars-post-title=&quot;Europa se ha puesto manos a la obra para uno de sus mayores retos geopolíticos: abrir Ormuz sin ayuda de EEUU&quot; data-vars-post-url=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/europa-tiene-plan-explosivo-para-ormuz-uno-donde-hay-minas-escoltas-alianza-iran-rastro-eeuu&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xataka.com/magnet/europa-tiene-plan-explosivo-para-ormuz-uno-donde-hay-minas-escoltas-alianza-iran-rastro-eeuu&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;en otros frentes&lt;/a&gt;. Y en ese equilibrio inestable, el Ártico parece consolidarse como una suerte&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2026-russian-arctic-submarines-nato-response/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener, noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;de “escondite perfecto”&lt;/a&gt;, un lugar donde el mayor desafío de Rusia a la OTAN no se anuncia, simplemente está ocurriendo bajo la fría capa de hielo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); color: #111111; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, Cambria, Charter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 21px; margin: 48px auto 0px; max-width: 736px; width: calc(736px);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/3455097711723170081/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-artico-se-ha-convertido-en-el.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3455097711723170081'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3455097711723170081'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-artico-se-ha-convertido-en-el.html' title='el Ártico se ha convertido en el escondite del mayor desafío de Rusia a la OTAN: Borei y Yasen'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-2721281845948064254</id><published>2026-04-26T06:12:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-26T06:12:10.305+02:00</updated><title type='text'>El primero de los nuevos submarinos nucleares de misiles balísticos SNLE 3G de la Marina Nacional francesa recibe su denominación oficial</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;El Jefe del Estado Mayor de la Marina Nacional francesa, el almirante&amp;nbsp;Nicolas Vaujour, comunicó a través de la cuenta oficial de X que el primero de los nuevos submarinos nucleares de misiles balísticos SNLE 3G recibió su denominación oficial, en un anuncio que refuerza el desarrollo del programa estratégico de disuasión del país. La unidad, denominada “&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;Invencible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;”, corresponde al primer submarino lanzador de misiles balísticos de tercera generación en construcción en los astilleros de Cherburgo y fue revelada por el presidente de la República el 2 de marzo de 2026.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El programa SNLE 3G, iniciado en 2021 e incorporado en sucesivas leyes de programación militar, constituye el eje central de la disuasión oceánica francesa. De acuerdo con el cronograma oficial, el submarino “&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Invencible&lt;/em&gt;” está previsto para entrar en servicio en el año 2036, marcando el inicio de una nueva etapa en las capacidades estratégicas navales del país.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;fs-iai&quot; data-freestar-ad=&quot;__728x90 __300x100&quot; id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_0&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); clear: both; display: flex; flex-direction: column; font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; justify-content: center; min-height: 100px; min-width: min(728px, 100%); text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_0_slot&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; justify-content: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;wp-block-image size-full&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 21px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;td-modal-image&quot; href=&quot;https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=696%2C392&amp;amp;ssl=1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Submarino clase L&#39;Invencible - Marina Nacional Francesa&quot; class=&quot;wp-image-597437&quot; data-recalc-dims=&quot;1&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;392&quot; sizes=&quot;(max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px&quot; src=&quot;https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=696%2C392&amp;amp;ssl=1&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?w=1198&amp;amp;ssl=1 1198w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=540%2C304&amp;amp;ssl=1 540w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=150%2C84&amp;amp;ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=768%2C432&amp;amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=747%2C420&amp;amp;ssl=1 747w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=300%2C169&amp;amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=696%2C392&amp;amp;ssl=1 696w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-clase-LInvencible-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-2-jpg.webp?resize=1068%2C601&amp;amp;ssl=1 1068w&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; max-width: 100%;&quot; width=&quot;696&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;wp-element-caption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: italic; line-height: 17px; margin: 6px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Submarino clase L’Invencible – Marina Nacional Francesa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Según lo expresado por el , “&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Invencible&lt;/em&gt;” representa una decisión estratégica de largo plazo que definirá la postura de disuasión durante décadas. En ese sentido, se prevé que los cuatro submarinos de esta clase permanezcan operativos hasta aproximadamente el año 2090, consolidando la continuidad del componente naval de la fuerza nuclear francesa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;code-block code-block-32&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); clear: both; font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-ad data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-8913250078196839&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;7808195683&quot; data-auto-format=&quot;rspv&quot; data-full-width=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot; type=&quot;adsense&quot; width=&quot;100vw&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;div overflow=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/amp-ad&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La misión principal de estos submarinos se inscribe dentro del esquema de disuasión permanente en el mar, considerado prioritario para la Marina Nacional. Bajo este concepto, cada 70 días una unidad SNLE parte desde su base para iniciar una patrulla, permaneciendo oculta en el océano con el objetivo de garantizar la disponibilidad continua de la capacidad nuclear estratégica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;fs-iai&quot; data-freestar-ad=&quot;__728x90 __300x100&quot; id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_1&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); clear: both; display: flex; flex-direction: column; font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; justify-content: center; min-height: 100px; min-width: min(728px, 100%); text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_1_slot&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; justify-content: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.zona-militar.com/2024/03/21/comienza-la-construccion-del-primero-de-los-nuevos-submarinos-balisticos-snle-3g-de-la-marina-nacional-francesa/&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El desarrollo de los submarinos SNLE 3G tiene como antecedente el inicio formal de su construcción en marzo de 2024, cuando la empresa Naval Group llevó a cabo el corte de la primera plancha de acero del primer buque.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Este hito marcó el comienzo de la fabricación de una nueva generación de submarinos diseñados para sostener la disuasión nuclear francesa hasta finales del siglo XXI.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter&quot; data-od-added-id=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;embed-optimizer-9d0eb7cc27c78c450401865a0878b4cd&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 26px; min-height: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;wp-block-embed__wrapper&quot; data-od-xpath=&quot;/HTML/BODY/DIV[@id=&#39;td-outer-wrap&#39;]/*[2][self::ARTICLE]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[3][self::DIV]/*[8][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::DIV]&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;embed-twitter&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; max-width: 550px; width: 550px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;&quot; data-tweet-id=&quot;2046865757473030491&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;twitter-widget-0&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://platform.twitter.com/embed/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FGerRomero98&amp;amp;dnt=true&amp;amp;embedId=twitter-widget-0&amp;amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;amp;frame=false&amp;amp;hideCard=false&amp;amp;hideThread=false&amp;amp;id=2046865757473030491&amp;amp;lang=es&amp;amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zona-militar.com%2F2026%2F04%2F25%2Fel-primero-de-los-nuevos-submarinos-nucleares-de-misiles-balisticos-snle-3g-de-la-marina-nacional-francesa-recibe-su-denominacion-oficial%2F&amp;amp;sessionId=94e907dcfc828d67ae145cf21de5ab3a93f3c421&amp;amp;siteScreenName=Zonamilitar1&amp;amp;theme=light&amp;amp;widgetsVersion=2615f7e52b7e0%3A1702314776716&amp;amp;width=550px&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block; flex-grow: 1; height: 696px; max-width: 100%; position: static; visibility: visible; width: 550px;&quot; title=&quot;X Post&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El programa involucra a diversas instituciones del Estado francés, entre ellas la Dirección General de Armamento, responsable de la gestión general del proyecto, y la Comisión de Energía Atómica, encargada del desarrollo de los reactores nucleares que propulsarán las unidades. Esta cooperación interinstitucional permite abordar tanto los aspectos tecnológicos como operativos del sistema.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;fs-iai&quot; data-freestar-ad=&quot;__728x90 __300x100&quot; id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_2&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); clear: both; display: flex; flex-direction: column; font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; justify-content: center; min-height: 100px; min-width: min(728px, 100%); text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_2_slot&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; justify-content: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En paralelo, Naval Group participa a través de contratos adjudicados desde 2021 que abarcan estudios de desarrollo, adquisiciones a largo plazo y la producción de los primeros componentes del casco y la sala de máquinas del submarino. Asimismo, la empresa ha debido adaptar sus capacidades industriales para cumplir con los requisitos específicos de esta nueva generación de submarinos estratégicos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; id=&quot;h-actual-flota-submarina-de-francia&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--td_default_google_font_2, &amp;quot;Roboto&amp;quot;, sans-serif); font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 30px; margin: 27px 0px 17px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Actual flota submarina de Francia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Estos nuevos submarinos de la clase Invencible, serán los destinados a ir reemplazando gradualmente a los submarinos de misiles balísticos de la actual clase Troimphant a partir de mediados de la próxima década, de los cuales tienen actualmente 4 unidades. A su vez, los de la nueva clase se proyecta que estén operativos hasta finales de este siglo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;fs-iai&quot; data-freestar-ad=&quot;__728x90 __300x100&quot; id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_3&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); clear: both; display: flex; flex-direction: column; font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; justify-content: center; min-height: 100px; min-width: min(728px, 100%); text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles_0_3_slot&quot; name=&quot;zona-militar-com_IAI_incontent_articles&quot; style=&quot;align-items: center; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; justify-content: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;wp-block-image size-full&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 21px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;td-modal-image&quot; href=&quot;https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=696%2C466&amp;amp;ssl=1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Submarino el Terrible - Clase Troimphant - Marina Nacional Francesa&quot; class=&quot;wp-image-597429&quot; data-recalc-dims=&quot;1&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; height=&quot;466&quot; sizes=&quot;(max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px&quot; src=&quot;https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=696%2C466&amp;amp;ssl=1&quot; srcset=&quot;https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?w=1118&amp;amp;ssl=1 1118w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=540%2C362&amp;amp;ssl=1 540w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=150%2C100&amp;amp;ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=768%2C515&amp;amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=627%2C420&amp;amp;ssl=1 627w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=300%2C201&amp;amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=696%2C466&amp;amp;ssl=1 696w, https://i0.wp.com/www.zona-militar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Submarino-el-Terrible-Clase-Troimphant-Marina-Nacional-Francesa-jpg.webp?resize=1068%2C716&amp;amp;ssl=1 1068w&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; max-width: 100%;&quot; width=&quot;696&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;wp-element-caption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: italic; line-height: 17px; margin: 6px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Submarino el Terrible – Clase Troimphant – Marina Nacional Francesa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Al mismo tiempo que Francia construye los nuevos submarinos de misiles balísticos, también está constituyendo una flota de submarinos de ataque de propulsión nuclear: los de la clase Barracuda (o clase Suffren en francés). Actualmente, su flota de ataque está compuesta por 3 unidades de esta clase y uno de la clase Rubis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Palatino, &amp;quot;Palatino Linotype&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hoefler Text&amp;quot;, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;*Imágenes a modo ilustrativo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/2721281845948064254/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-primero-de-los-nuevos-submarinos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/2721281845948064254'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/2721281845948064254'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-primero-de-los-nuevos-submarinos.html' title='El primero de los nuevos submarinos nucleares de misiles balísticos SNLE 3G de la Marina Nacional francesa recibe su denominación oficial'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-6040251258601536718</id><published>2026-04-26T06:06:00.003+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-26T06:06:50.641+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Echevarrieta-1"/><title type='text'>Echevarrieta-1: el submarino español que sirvió de modelo a los U-boote de la ‘Kriegsmarine’</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;Hace un siglo, la capacidad industrial e ingeniera de España era una referencia en Europa. Los motores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/economia/20200410/48311943604/hispano-suiza-historia-coche-automovil-jordi-nadal.html&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.5px; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hispano-Suiza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;miraban a los ojos, cuando no desde arriba, a cualquier Rolls Royce, ya fuera en carreteras o en el aire. Y bajo el mar, los sumergibles españoles recogían la tradición de Isaac Peral. Si bien hoy, como ha desvelado&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;La Vanguardia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;, los submarinos españoles&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20260322/11495831/fiasco-supersubmarino-espanol-torpedos-fallan-danos-misiones-otan-mas-horas-taller-mar.html&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.5px; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;son un foco de gastos, problemas y dificultades&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;&quot;&gt;, hace cien años el submarino militar más moderno llevó el sello de Horacio Echevarrieta, el industrial vasco con una vida de novela.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;irr relative z-10&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; position: relative; z-index: 10;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Echevarrieta-1, el submarino que se forjó en los astilleros de Cádiz y en las aguas de Cartagena, fue prueba de ello… y de la decadencia posterior. Pese a ser un sumergible adelantado a su tiempo, nunca sirvió bajo bandera española y acabó al servicio de la armada turca. Su mérito –su condena, a tenor de la Historia– fue ser el modelo a seguir para los U-boote de la marina nazi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;content_component related related--double border-lateral&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235) rgb(229, 231, 235) rgb(229, 231, 235) rgb(209, 209, 209); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin: 30px 0px; padding-left: 9px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:gap-2&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-direction: row; gap: 0.5rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20170713/47314429324/la-paz-de-versalles-ruina-alemana.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Versalles&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;quiso poner fin a la industria militar alemana, pero quedó lejos de conseguirlo. Exmilitares teutones, vueltos civiles, movieron sus hilos para que el ingenio alemán no se quedara en dique seco. Habría que utilizar empresas interpuestas, nombres falsos, influencias antiguas y puertos extranjeros, pero la convicción de que Alemania volvería a alzarse en armas existía, y querían llegar a ese momento preparados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Y allí emergió la figura de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20250408/10558601/hombrecito-apacible-wilhelm-canaris-equilibrios-convertirse-jefe-espias-hitler.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Wilhelm Canaris&lt;/a&gt;. El exalmirante y capitán de submarinos quedó al cargo de la reconstrucción, tan delictiva como secreta, del cuerpo de sumergibles alemanes. Para hacer reales los antiguos diseños de 1918 necesitaba dinero, discreción, materiales y astilleros. Canaris viajó a Japón, a Países Bajos, a España –hablaba un español perfecto con un deje argentino, aprendido en su novelesca huida desde un campo de prisioneros de Chile hasta Alemania en 1915– durante años para coordinar, con la paciencia de un relojero, todas las piezas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;irr relative z-10&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; position: relative; z-index: 10;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;content_component media wide-screen&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: inherit; margin-right: inherit; margin-top: 30px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;relative&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Wilhelm Canaris, futuro jefe del Abwehr en el Tercer Reich, con uniforme de capitán de corbeta, c. 1928&quot; class=&quot;w-full&quot; data-full-src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/uploads/2025/04/06/67f2d0657a515.jpeg&quot; data-src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/files/fp/uploads/2025/04/06/67f2d0657a515.r_d.474-232.jpeg&quot; height=&quot;220&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;(min-width: 990px) 578px, (min-width: 768px) 736px, 100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/files/fp/uploads/2025/04/06/67f2d0657a515.r_d.474-232.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_intermediate_filter/files/fp/uploads/2025/04/06/67f2d0657a515.r_d.474-232.jpeg 607w, https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/files/fp/uploads/2025/04/06/67f2d0657a515.r_d.474-232.jpeg 449w&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 578px;&quot; width=&quot;449&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;caption&quot; style=&quot;--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px; padding: 10px 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;caption_text&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Wilhelm Canaris, futuro jefe del Abwehr en el Tercer Reich, con uniforme de capitán de corbeta, c. 1928&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;caption_author&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 2px;&quot;&gt;Ullstein Bild vía Getty Images&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Una empresa pantalla del puerto de Rotterdam, financiada por capital alemán y al mando de antiguos militares, marcó el principio de la historia del Echevarrieta-1. NV Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw (IvS) se dedicaba, a priori, a diseñar y preparar submarinos para países terceros, ninguno de ellos Alemania. El papel del excapitán de la Reichsmarine Walter Lohmann en este periodo fue básico. De hecho, el descubrimiento de esta operativa que obviaba Versalles dio lugar al Escándalo Lohmann: la financiación ilegal de varias empresas bélicas. Lohmann cayó en desgracia, pero el operativo secreto de rearme siguió adelante.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Mientras tanto, en el mismo 1927 en el que cayó Lohmann, IvS llegó, por la vía de Canaris, hasta el industrial Horacio Echevarrieta, seduciéndole con su modelo de submarino. Previamente había fabricado sumergibles menores, pero la capacidad de los Astilleros Echevarrieta, sumado al interés militar del dictador&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20210105/6163446/miguel-primo-de-rivera-dictadura-guerra-marruecos-alfonso-xiii.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Miguel Primo de Rivera&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;de dotar a España de una flota propia de sumergibles de alta gama, llevaron al acuerdo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;content_component highlight&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(209 209 209 / var(--tw-border-opacity)); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin: 30px 0px; padding: 15px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;epigraph&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px 0px 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Fallback Title&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 28px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Primo de Rivera estaba fascinado con el sumergible de Echeverrieta, pero la II República no lo consideró igual&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Echevarrieta-1 comenzó a ser construido en 1929, con manos españolas, metales suizos, planos alemanes y bajo la supervisión, apartado ya Canaris, de Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière. Una elección que debería haber arqueado alguna ceja en la comunidad internacional. Von Arnauld, alemán, fue el comandante del U-35 en la&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20190728/7717/gran-guerra-primer-conflicto-global.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Primera Guerra Mundial&lt;/a&gt;, y estaba camino de convertirse en el mayor genio de la guerra submarina existente. Al término de su vida, en 1941, los submarinos que capitaneó habían hundido casi 200 barcos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;content_component media wide-screen&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: inherit; margin-right: inherit; margin-top: 30px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;relative&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Un U-boot armado y preparado para atacar en marzo de 1941&quot; class=&quot;w-full&quot; data-full-src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/uploads/2023/10/19/653106cee252e.jpeg&quot; data-src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/uploads/2023/10/19/653106cee252e.jpeg&quot; height=&quot;220&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;(min-width: 990px) 578px, (min-width: 768px) 736px, 100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/uploads/2023/10/19/653106cee252e.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_intermediate_filter/uploads/2023/10/19/653106cee252e.jpeg 607w, https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/uploads/2023/10/19/653106cee252e.jpeg 449w&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 578px;&quot; width=&quot;449&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;caption&quot; style=&quot;--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px; padding: 10px 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;caption_text&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Un U-boot armado y preparado para atacar en marzo de 1941&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;caption_author&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 2px;&quot;&gt;Getty Images&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Bajo su mando, el Echevarrieta-1 fue tomando forma a lo largo de 18 meses. Casi mil toneladas de desplazamiento. Seis tubos lanzatorpedos, capaces de disparar a proa y a popa. Dos motores diésel que sumaban 1.400 CV, además de los auxiliares eléctricos. Y una velocidad, sigilo, maniobrabilidad y operatividad a distintas profundidades que aventajaba en años luz a la clase Odin de la armada británica, la dueña de los mares en el arranque de la década de los años treinta del siglo XX.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Botado en octubre de 1930, las pruebas de mar comenzaron en mayo de 1931, al mando precisamente de Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière, que comprobó con satisfacción que ese Echevarrieta-1 –en realidad, ese&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20231022/9312189/episodio-35-podcast-lv-submarinos-alemanes-atlantico.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;U-boot encubierto&lt;/a&gt;– era todo lo que prometía. Comprobada la solidez del prototipo, una Alemania cada vez más lejana a Versalles (y cada vez más cercana a los postulados de un exsoldado metido a político, un tal&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/mas-historias/20240313/9550220/adolf-hitler-biografia-que-murio-curiosidades-quiza-sabias-pmv.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Adolf Hitler&lt;/a&gt;) solo tenía que producirlos en masa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;content_component related related--double border-lateral&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235) rgb(229, 231, 235) rgb(229, 231, 235) rgb(209, 209, 209); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin: 30px 0px; padding-left: 9px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:gap-2&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-direction: row; gap: 0.5rem;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;¿Y España? ¿Qué haría España con ese submarino adelantado a su tiempo? La respuesta es sencilla: nada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Echevarrieta-1 se construyó bajo órdenes de Primo de Rivera. En mayo de 1931, ni el dictador ni&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20230830/9150313/alfonso-xiii-polemico-reinado-sueno-volver-trono-esi.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Alfonso XIII&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;pintaban ya nada en la recién nacida&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20210411/6634240/esperanzas-miedos-segunda-republica.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Segunda República&lt;/a&gt;. Echevarrieta quiso vender el submarino al ejército republicano, que lo rechazó pese al interés inicial del presidente de la República,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/propuestas/20210419/6925889/azana-mesa-diseccion.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Manuel Azaña&lt;/a&gt;. La participación de Echevarrieta en los preparativos de la&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20191010/47787698970/revolucion-asturias-franco.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Revolución de Asturias&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;de 1934 dio con sus huesos en la cárcel.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El desinterés del gobierno en el submarino y la necesidad económica del industrial condujeron a la venta del Echevarrieta-1 a Turquía, donde fue renombrado Gür. El traslado desde Cartagena a Estambul fue operado –no por casualidad– por mandos turcos… y marinería alemana. El Gür sirvió hasta 1947, cuando fue retirado del servicio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;content_component media wide-screen&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: inherit; margin-right: inherit; margin-top: 30px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;relative&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Oficiales británicos buscando submarinos alemanes en 1941&quot; class=&quot;w-full&quot; data-full-src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/uploads/2020/01/22/5f15f29af18f4.jpeg&quot; data-src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/uploads/2020/01/22/5f15f29af18f4.jpeg&quot; height=&quot;313&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;(min-width: 990px) 578px, (min-width: 768px) 736px, 100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/uploads/2020/01/22/5f15f29af18f4.jpeg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_intermediate_filter/uploads/2020/01/22/5f15f29af18f4.jpeg 607w, https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_mobile_filter/uploads/2020/01/22/5f15f29af18f4.jpeg 449w&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 578px;&quot; width=&quot;449&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;caption&quot; style=&quot;--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px; padding: 10px 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;caption_text&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Oficiales británicos buscando submarinos alemanes en 1941&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;caption_author&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 2px;&quot;&gt;Terceros&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En paralelo, en febrero de 1935, y ya con Adolf Hitler dominando Alemania y pensando en someter Europa, las réplicas del exitoso Echeverrieta-1 empezaron a ensamblarse. En Kiel, Alemania arrancó la construcción de seis U-boote (del U-1 al U-6) que sirvieron como escuela para su armada submarina. Con&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20200123/473059391085/batalla-atlantico-iigm-submarinos-u-boote.html&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-text-opacity: 1; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: inherit;&quot;&gt;Karl Dönitz&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;como responsable (“Los submarinos deben operar en grupo; solos son vulnerables, juntos son letales”, diría), los U-boote comenzaron a ensayar sus tácticas de ataque en manada (&lt;i style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Rudeltaktik&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;paragraph&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 20.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 27.5px; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El U-1 entró en combate en marzo de 1940, en aguas de Noruega. Desde entonces, los submarinos alemanes infundieron el terror en los mares. Según el periodista e historiador Jonathan Dimbleby, autor de&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;The Battle of The Atlantic&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;(Penguin/Oxford University, 2015), los alrededor de 1.160 U-boote –los hijos del Echevarrieta-1– ensamblados hundieron 3.000 barcos, entre cargueros y buques militares, causando cerca de 70.000 víctimas y la pérdida de 14 millones de toneladas de carga.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;infinite-scroll-preload md:col-span-full&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; grid-column-end: -1; grid-column-start: 1; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;content_component signature&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: &amp;quot;Source Serif 4&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin: 30px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;signature_author&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(209 209 209 / var(--tw-border-opacity)); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 20px 0px; padding-top: 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;author_details flex items-center gap-4&quot; style=&quot;align-items: center; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; gap: 1rem; line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;author_image shrink-0&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-shrink: 0; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Javier Dale Becedoniz&quot; height=&quot;65&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; src=&quot;https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/image_65_65/uploads/2025/07/03/6866537233b71.jpeg&quot; style=&quot;--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-radius: 50%; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: 65px; max-width: 100%; object-fit: cover; vertical-align: middle; width: 65px;&quot; width=&quot;65&quot; /&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;author_name&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 900; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Javier Dale&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;author_role&quot; style=&quot;border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 620; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Redactor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/6040251258601536718/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/echevarrieta-1-el-submarino-espanol-que.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6040251258601536718'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6040251258601536718'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/echevarrieta-1-el-submarino-espanol-que.html' title='Echevarrieta-1: el submarino español que sirvió de modelo a los U-boote de la ‘Kriegsmarine’'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-6135710816657279321</id><published>2026-04-26T06:05:00.007+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-26T06:05:32.554+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="USS New Jersey"/><title type='text'>El submarino de ataque USS New Jersey vuelve a entrar en servicio</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 1.1rem;&quot;&gt;Tras completar la disponibilidad posterior a las pruebas en el mar, el USS New Jersey regresó a la Armada con ajustes técnicos y mayor fiabilidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; id=&quot;h-la-fase-psa-devolvio-al-uss-new-jersey-al-control-operativo-naval&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.953em; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0.83em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La fase PSA devolvió al USS New Jersey al control operativo naval&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Tras completar la disponibilidad posterior a las pruebas en el mar, que la Armada de Estados Unidos denomina Post-Shakedown Availability, HII comunicó que Newport News Shipbuilding devolvió el USS New Jersey (SSN-796) al servicio naval. Con ese paso, el submarino dejó atrás la fase de ajustes y correcciones posterior a su aceptación inicial y regresó en mejores condiciones para sostener operaciones de la flota con un nivel superior de fiabilidad técnica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Según la empresa, el paquete de trabajos abarcó mantenimiento general, mejoras en los sistemas de combate y electrónicos y nuevas pruebas en el mar antes de la devolución. El hito de abril de 2026 no equivalió a una primera entrega, porque el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/militar/ee-uu-recibe-el-submarino-clase-26th-virginia-uss-idaho-de-gd-electric-boat/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;submarino había pasado a la Armada&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;el 25 de abril de 2024 y recibió su comisión el 14 de septiembre de ese mismo año, antes de este retorno al control de la flota.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Dentro de la práctica naval de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/tag/estados-unidos/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer noopener&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Estados Unidos&lt;/a&gt;, la PSA identifica el período programado en astillero que sigue a la entrega inicial y a las primeras pruebas operativas de un buque de guerra nuevo. En esa etapa, la Armada corrige deficiencias detectadas en el inicio del servicio, incorpora ajustes técnicos y completa trabajos de mantenimiento o de sistemas antes de que la plataforma entre en un ciclo más regular de despliegue.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En el caso de un submarino recién comisionado, esa fase eleva la fiabilidad y la madurez de sus sistemas hasta el nivel que la flota exige para misiones sostenidas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; id=&quot;h-datos-clave-del-uss-new-jersey-y-de-la-clase-virginia&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.563em; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.4; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Datos clave del USS New Jersey y de la clase Virginia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;wp-block-list&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: square; margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2.142857em; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Fue entregado a la Armada el 25 de abril de 2024 y comisionado el 14 de septiembre de 2024.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Es un submarino de ataque nuclear de la clase Virginia y el quinto buque del Bloque IV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Fue el primero de su clase diseñado y construido con cambios para una tripulación compuesta por hombres y mujeres.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Armada lo asignó a Norfolk y al Escuadrón de Submarinos Ocho.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; id=&quot;h-la-clase-virginia-reune-sigilo-alcance-y-un-amplio-perfil-de-mision&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.953em; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0.83em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La clase Virginia reúne sigilo, alcance y un amplio perfil de misión&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Como submarino de ataque de propulsión nuclear de la clase Virginia y&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/militar/ee-uu-suma-el-uss-massachusetts-a-su-fuerza-submarina/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;quinto buque del Bloque IV&lt;/a&gt;, el USS New Jersey también destacó por ser el primero de esa clase diseñado y construido con modificaciones para una tripulación compuesta por hombres y mujeres. Su incorporación se integró en la fuerza estadounidense de submarinos de ataque, cuya misión incluye operaciones con baja detectabilidad tanto en aguas litorales como en mar abierto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;De acuerdo con la descripción de la Armada incluida en el material, los submarinos de la clase Virginia desplazan 7.800 toneladas, miden 377 pies de eslora, tienen una manga de 34 pies y superan los 25 nudos. Además, disponen de un reactor que no requiere reabastecimiento de combustible durante la vida útil prevista del buque, un rasgo que sostiene su valor operativo dentro de la flota y refuerza su continuidad en misiones exigentes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En variantes posteriores, la clase incorpora&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/militar/marina-submarino-2030/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;dos tubos de gran diámetro&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;Virginia Payload Tubes, además de torpedos Mk 48 y misiles de crucero Tomahawk. Ese conjunto de armamento y sistemas permite ejecutar guerra antisubmarina, guerra antisuperficie, ataque terrestre, inteligencia, vigilancia y reconocimiento, guerra de minas y apoyo a fuerzas de operaciones especiales, dentro de un espectro amplio de tareas navales y conjuntas con alta flexibilidad operativa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Aunque el submarino apenas inició su carrera operacional, su trayectoria reciente ya le da relevancia dentro de la fuerza submarina. El SSN-796 se construyó en la asociación industrial entre&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/militar/marina-de-ee-uu-negocia-compra-de-15-submarinos-nucleares/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;HII y General Dynamics Electric Boat&lt;/a&gt;, entró en servicio en 2024 como el vigésimo tercer submarino de la clase Virginia producido bajo ese esquema conjunto y luego quedó asignado a Norfolk y al Escuadrón de Submarinos Ocho.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; id=&quot;h-el-regreso-del-ssn-796-refuerza-la-disuasion-y-la-preparacion-naval&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.953em; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0.83em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El regreso del SSN-796 refuerza la disuasión y la preparación naval&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Con su retorno a la disponibilidad de flota, la Armada incrementa el número de submarinos aptos para sostener operaciones de disuasión, recopilación de inteligencia, control del mar y respuesta a crisis en varios teatros. Un submarino de esta clase puede desplazarse con baja detectabilidad en aguas disputadas, seguir submarinos hostiles, amenazar buques de superficie, apoyar misiones de ataque y ejecutar acciones preparatorias antes de una reacción adversaria efectiva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La conclusión de la PSA, dentro de ese marco operativo, aumenta la disponibilidad de un medio naval de alta flexibilidad y gran capacidad de supervivencia dentro del orden de batalla estadounidense. Su vuelta al servicio incorpora a la flota un submarino listo para empleo operativo y refuerza una capacidad militar de especial valor en el ámbito submarino, donde el sigilo y la persistencia conservan un peso decisivo para la ventaja naval de Estados Unidos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Además, el regreso del USS New Jersey se relaciona con un objetivo más amplio de la Armada de Estados Unidos: disponer de medios listos para un combate sostenido de alto nivel en 2027 y conservar a largo plazo su posición relativa en el ámbito marítimo. El texto vincula esa meta con la necesidad de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/militar/ee-uu-en-desventaja-insuficientes-submarinos-para-frenar-a-china/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;operar con discreción en aguas disputadas&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://israelnoticias.com/militar/aukus-mucho-mas-que-un-acuerdo-sobre-submarinos-furtivos/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ofrecer a Washington opciones militares creíbles&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;durante una crisis, en especial en el Indo-Pacífico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 1.1rem; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: var(--line-loose); margin: 0px 0px 1.25em; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Por eso, la disponibilidad de un submarino de ataque rápido moderno como el USS New Jersey aumenta la capacidad estadounidense para vigilar teatros marítimos clave, oponerse a acciones adversarias y responder cuando resulte necesario. Al cerrar la PSA, la Armada recupera un activo apto para misiones prolongadas, transmite seguridad a aliados, busca disuadir a adversarios y fortalece su presencia en escenarios sensibles dentro del ámbito marítimo actual.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/6135710816657279321/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-submarino-de-ataque-uss-new-jersey.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6135710816657279321'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6135710816657279321'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-submarino-de-ataque-uss-new-jersey.html' title='El submarino de ataque USS New Jersey vuelve a entrar en servicio'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-5292560143849693385</id><published>2026-04-15T11:02:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-15T11:02:26.085+02:00</updated><title type='text'>El Ejército sueco asegura que siguen a un submarino ruso en aguas del estrecho de Kattegat</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;Cazas del Ejército de Suecia identificaron este viernes a un submarino ruso en el estrecho de Kattegat, entre la costa del oeste sueco y Dinamarca, y junto a aliados&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;siguen actualmente la ruta de la nave.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&quot;Cazas suecos están siguiendo un submarino ruso en el Kattegat este viernes&quot;, indicaron en un comunicado las Fuerzas Armadas de Suecia, donde precisaron que los aviones movilizados eran sistemas JAS 39 Gripen en lo que calificaron como una &quot;acción rutinaria&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Esos aviones interceptaron al submarino ruso, identificado como&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;un vehículo de la clase Kilo&lt;/b&gt;. &quot;Junto con sus aliados, las Fuerzas Armadas suecas están siguiendo de cerca la trayectoria del submarino hacia el mar Báltico&quot;, precisó el comunicado castrense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;article-main__description&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: &amp;quot;IBM Plex Serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 400; font-width: normal; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px 0px 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El submarino ha sido identificado como un vehículo de la clase Kilo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;multimedia&quot; 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transform-style: initial; transform: initial; transition: initial; translate: initial; vector-effect: initial; vertical-align: initial; view-transition-class: initial; view-transition-name: initial; visibility: initial; white-space: initial; widows: initial; width: 0px; will-change: initial; word-break: initial; word-spacing: initial; writing-mode: initial; x: initial; y: initial; z-index: 2147483647; zoom: initial;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Submarino ruso hallado en el Mediterráneo.&quot; fetchpriority=&quot;high&quot; height=&quot;180&quot; src=&quot;https://fotografias-2.larazon.es/clipping/cmsimages02/2025/04/16/4875D371-F00E-4B10-B62F-2CB49AE37322/submarino-ruso-hallado-mediterraneo_52.jpg?crop=2988,1681,x164,y0&amp;amp;width=320&amp;amp;height=180&amp;amp;optimize=high&amp;amp;format=webply&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 661.328125px;&quot; title=&quot;Submarino ruso hallado en el Mediterráneo.&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/picture&gt;&lt;figcaption style=&quot;align-items: center; background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: &amp;quot;Public Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 0.8125rem; line-height: 1.375; margin: 2px 0px 0px; min-height: 30px; padding-left: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 6px;&quot;&gt;Imagen de archivo de un submarino ruso&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Emad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/5292560143849693385/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-ejercito-sueco-asegura-que-siguen-un.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/5292560143849693385'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/5292560143849693385'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-ejercito-sueco-asegura-que-siguen-un.html' title='El Ejército sueco asegura que siguen a un submarino ruso en aguas del estrecho de Kattegat'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-8404048002023939913</id><published>2026-04-08T06:06:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-08T06:06:22.834+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ran 2"/><title type='text'>Una nueva misión volverá a las extrañas estructuras antárticas donde desapareció un submarino</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;La Universidad de Gotemburgo prepara su regreso al océano antártico, uno de los entornos más hostiles y menos explorados del planeta, para estudiar unas extrañas estructuras descubiertas bajo el hielo. Lo harán con&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;el submarino Ran II,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;un vehículo que no solo reemplazará a su hermano pequeño, el Ran I,&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elconfidencial.com/tecnologia/novaceno/2026-03-05/submarino-estructuras-antartida_3941632/&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;desaparecido&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;en enero de 2024, sino que incorpora sistemas de navegación mejorados y mayor capacidad de toma de decisiones autónomas a bordo. Unas cualidades que&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;habrían podido salvar a su predecesor.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;El regreso tiene un propósito científico urgente.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Bajo la plataforma Dotson,&lt;/span&gt;en la Antártida Occidental, Ran había cartografiado unos 130 kilómetros cuadrados de hielo y descubierto unas crestas, valles y mesetas heladas que los modelos climáticos actuales son incapaces de explicar. El derretimiento, lejos de ser uniforme, se intensifica allí donde las aguas cálidas y saladas ascienden a lo largo de fracturas verticales en el hielo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&quot;Los mapas que produjo Ran representan un enorme avance en nuestra comprensión de las plataformas de hielo de la Antártida. Teníamos indicios de lo complejas que son sus bases, pero Ran reveló un panorama más extenso y completo que nunca antes&quot;, afirma Karen Alley, glacióloga y coautora del&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adn9188&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;estudio&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;publicado en Science Advances.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;bodyTitle&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 26px; margin: 16px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El Ran II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El nuevo vehículo submarino autónomo opera sin comunicación en tiempo real con el exterior. Una vez sumergido bajo el hielo,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scitechdaily.com/revolutionary-submarine-mysteriously-disappears-without-a-trace-scientists-are-now-preparing-for-a-bold-return/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;navega solo,&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;guiado por sonar, durante&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;periodos que pueden superar las 24 horas.&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;Lo que cambia en el Ran II es su capacidad de reacción ante imprevistos. Mientras que su predecesor dependía de una programación fija antes de sumergirse, el nuevo modelo contará con&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;sistemas de decisión a bordo más sofisticados&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;que le permitirán responder de forma autónoma a emergencias, como los obstáculos o cambios inesperados en la estructura del hielo que probablemente causaron la pérdida del primero.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;bodyObject bodyImage__wrapper bodyImage__wrapper--landscape&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 40px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 16px !important; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;lqip lqip--landscape&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; box-sizing: border-box; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 480px; position: relative; transition: padding-bottom 0.2s ease-in-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;placeholder&quot; class=&quot;lqip__placeholder&quot; data-lazy-listener-added=&quot;true&quot; src=&quot;https://images.ecestaticos.com/6pK0hPH7DMedRq7CqzKCdmGdKOk=/0x61:2268x1637/48x36/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-position: center top; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; border-style: none; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; filter: blur(6px); height: 480px; opacity: 1; position: absolute; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in-out; width: 640px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Anna Wåhlin, profesora de oceanografía de la Universidad de Gotemburgo y directora del programa Ran. (Olof Lönnehed)&quot; class=&quot;bodyImage lqip__original&quot; data-lazy-listener-added=&quot;true&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; sizes=&quot;(min-width: 996px) 640px, (min-width: 768px) 50.65vw, calc(100vw - 32px)&quot; src=&quot;https://images.ecestaticos.com/fi9aVzpuNIzO1nVkn6Expi_YNMo=/0x61:2268x1637/1440x1080/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://images.ecestaticos.com/fi9aVzpuNIzO1nVkn6Expi_YNMo=/0x61:2268x1637/1440x1080/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 1440w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/RwjCvBvvXCGyXN0LXvouvmPRRBQ=/0x61:2268x1637/1220x915/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 1220w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/ncxyAlWXASyyAmUmVHklvv1VmlU=/0x61:2268x1637/996x747/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 996w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/KIenrIN5LZ5YhD1lvuCpGbF4LhI=/0x61:2268x1637/640x480/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 640w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/vADGw5dr1lpqHZdo1231lloDICA=/0x61:2268x1637/600x450/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 600w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/L1ajjtCs5pcdlU-_U8GhpZjFFzI=/0x61:2268x1637/390x293/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 390w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/sR6z8A4NFMIDq50qBAd4RFgt01M=/0x61:2268x1637/568x426/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 568w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/8zYyklUCDuI_M6GGRnPNNxhlbZ0=/0x61:2268x1637/382x287/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 382w, https://images.ecestaticos.com/lgrmJ_tlHTe_bnatPqyevgTcZe8=/0x61:2268x1637/328x246/filters:fill(white):format(jpg)/f.elconfidencial.com%2Foriginal%2F807%2F1de%2F0af%2F8071de0afa0fb800cdf02f2693cd8736.jpg 328w&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; opacity: 1; position: absolute; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in-out; width: 640px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;bodyImage__caption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 15px; margin-top: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Anna Wåhlin, profesora de oceanografía de la Universidad de Gotemburgo y directora del programa Ran. (Olof Lönnehed)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Anna Wåhlin,&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;profesora de oceanografía de la Universidad de Gotemburgo y directora del programa, describió al Ran I con una mezcla de orgullo y resignación tras la pérdida. &quot;Los datos que obtuvimos de las expediciones de Ran son únicos en el mundo y de gran valor para la investigación internacional&quot;, aseguraba en su momento. &quot;Al mismo tiempo, existen grandes riesgos y sabíamos que algo así podía ocurrir. Personalmente, creo que este es un final mejor que acumular polvo en un garaje&quot;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;Para mapear el hielo, el vehículo utiliza&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;un sonar multihaz de alta resolución&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;capaz de registrar la topografía de la cara inferior de la plataforma desde una distancia de unos 50 metros. En la misión original bajo Dotson, Ran se adentró hasta 17 kilómetros en la cavidad bajo el hielo y recorrió más de 1.000 kilómetros en 27 días, en condiciones de oscuridad casi total. Wåhlin describió esa experiencia como&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&quot;ver la cara oculta de la Luna&quot;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;algo técnicamente posible pero que ningún instrumento anterior había logrado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;bodyTitle&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 26px; margin: 16px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Una nueva visión del deshielo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;La próxima misión del Ran II llega en&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;un momento crítico&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;en el que las plataformas de hielo flotantes actúan como un tapón que frena el flujo de los glaciares continentales hacia el océano. Cuando se adelgazan o colapsan, aseguran los investigadores, el hielo terrestre acelera su camino al mar. Los modelos que predicen la velocidad de ese proceso hasta ahora asumían condiciones relativamente simples bajo el hielo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 24px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;Los datos de Ran demostraron que la realidad es mucho más dinámica y desigual, impulsada en gran medida por c&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;orrientes oceánicas que los modelos no capturaban.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Algunos investigadores creen que esos modelos podrían estar&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;subestimando la velocidad del deshielo&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;en ciertas regiones. Pero la integración de inteligencia artificial en el análisis de los datos que recopile el Ran II podría acelerar significativamente ese proceso de revisión.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; width: 640px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El volumen de información topográfica que generan estas misiones es enorme, y los métodos tradicionales de procesamiento resultan lentos. Con IA, los investigadores esperan extraer conclusiones mucho más rápido y&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;refinar los modelos climáticos&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;que condicionan las proyecciones de subida del nivel del mar para las próximas décadas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/8404048002023939913/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/una-nueva-mision-volvera-las-extranas.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8404048002023939913'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/8404048002023939913'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/una-nueva-mision-volvera-las-extranas.html' title='Una nueva misión volverá a las extrañas estructuras antárticas donde desapareció un submarino'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-4671187371531080761</id><published>2026-04-05T06:40:09.834+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-05T06:40:39.269+02:00</updated><title type='text'>Un submarino nuclear especial de Estados Unidos irrumpe en el Estrecho de Gibraltar en una maniobra poco habitual</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;El&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;Estrecho de&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;Gibraltar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;ha sido escenario de un movimiento poco frecuente y de notable interés estratégico tras el avistamiento de uno de los&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;submarinos especializados estadounidenses de la clase Ohio en su variante SSGN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;, una plataforma muy distinta de los sumergibles nucleares concebidos para la disuasión atómica. La información apunta a que la presencia del buque estaría relacionada con una&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;operación de relevo o transferencia de personal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px;&quot;&gt;, una maniobra que ya de por sí resulta inusual y que ha llamado especialmente la atención por el tipo de unidad detectada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Es&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;muy probable que se trate del USS Ohio&lt;/strong&gt;, una de las cuatro únicas unidades de este tipo con las que cuenta actualmente la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Marina de Estados Unidos&lt;/strong&gt;. No se trata, por tanto, de un submarino convencional dentro de su categoría, sino de una pieza singular dentro del arsenal naval estadounidense, preparada para misiones de ataque con misiles de crucero y para el respaldo de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;operaciones especiales&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;clase Ohio&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;está compuesta por&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;18 submarinos en servicio&lt;/strong&gt;, aunque solo&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;cuatro&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;pertenecen a la configuración&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;SSGN&lt;/strong&gt;. Los otros&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;14&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;son&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;SSBN&lt;/strong&gt;, es decir, submarinos nucleares lanzamisiles balísticos orientados a tareas de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;disuasión nuclear&lt;/strong&gt;. Esa diferencia es clave para entender la relevancia del avistamiento en el entorno del Estrecho: mientras los SSBN están concebidos para portar misiles balísticos y sostener el equilibrio estratégico de la tríada nuclear de Estados Unidos, los&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;SSGN&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;han sido reconvertidos para otro tipo de cometidos, mucho más flexibles y operativos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En el caso de estas cuatro unidades especiales —&lt;strong&gt;Ohio, Michigan, Florida y Georgia&lt;/strong&gt;—, la transformación les permitió pasar de la función de disuasión estratégica al papel de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;plataforma multifunción&lt;/strong&gt;. Su configuración les permite portar hasta&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;154 misiles de crucero Tomahawk&lt;/strong&gt;, además de servir como base para el despliegue, apoyo, inserción y evacuación de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;fuerzas de operaciones especiales&lt;/strong&gt;. Esa combinación convierte a estos submarinos en una herramienta especialmente valiosa para actuaciones discretas, ataques de precisión y misiones encubiertas en distintos escenarios.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El interés del avistamiento en&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Gibraltar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;no reside únicamente en la rareza de ver una de estas plataformas, sino también en lo que puede sugerir su presencia en un enclave tan sensible. Según la información facilitada, la aparición de un&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;SSGN&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;en un punto como este suele asociarse a&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;movimientos de fuerzas&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;o a la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;preparación de operaciones&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;en diferentes áreas de responsabilidad, entre ellas el&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Oriente Medio&lt;/strong&gt;, donde ya habría varias unidades de este perfil presuntamente operando.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large); letter-spacing: -0.1px; line-height: 1.125; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Un gigante bajo el agua con un perfil muy distinto al de los submarinos estratégicos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Los&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Ohio&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;son los submarinos más grandes construidos nunca para la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Armada de Estados Unidos&lt;/strong&gt;, con un desplazamiento sumergido de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;18.750 toneladas&lt;/strong&gt;. A escala mundial, solo quedan por detrás de los submarinos rusos de las clases&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Typhoon&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Borei&lt;/strong&gt;. Su diseño original se remonta a los años setenta y nació vinculado al misil&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Trident&lt;/strong&gt;, con la misión de garantizar patrullas prolongadas de disuasión estratégica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Esa fue la función principal de la mayor parte de la clase. Los&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;14 SSBN&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;que siguen en servicio forman parte del componente naval de la&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;tríada nuclear estadounidense&lt;/strong&gt;, junto a los bombarderos estratégicos de la Fuerza Aérea y los misiles balísticos intercontinentales. De hecho, según la información aportada, esos submarinos transportan aproximadamente&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;la mitad de las cabezas termonucleares estratégicas activas&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;de Estados Unidos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, la variante&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;SSGN&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;responde a una lógica diferente. A partir de una revisión de postura nuclear realizada en 1994, se consideró suficiente mantener 14 submarinos estratégicos, lo que abrió la puerta a la reconversión de las cuatro unidades más antiguas de la clase. El resultado fue la creación de una plataforma con capacidad de ataque convencional masivo, adaptada también para albergar a personal de élite y material de apoyo a misiones especiales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La modificación de estos submarinos afectó a&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;22 de sus 24 tubos&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;originales, que pasaron a poder alojar sistemas de lanzamiento vertical con varios&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Tomahawk&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;por tubo. Además, dos de esos conductos fueron convertidos para funciones vinculadas a la salida e inserción de buceadores o comandos. A eso se suma la posibilidad de embarcar hasta&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;66 efectivos de operaciones especiales&lt;/strong&gt;, así como equipos de comunicaciones mejorados para actuar incluso como centro de mando avanzado y clandestino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large); letter-spacing: -0.1px; line-height: 1.125; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Un movimiento inusual en una zona de enorme valor estratégico&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La presencia de una unidad de estas características en el área de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Gibraltar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;adquiere un peso especial por el valor geoestratégico del&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Estrecho&lt;/strong&gt;, uno de los pasos marítimos más relevantes del mundo. Cualquier movimiento militar de alto nivel en esta zona se observa con atención, pero más aún cuando afecta a plataformas que, por su propia naturaleza, rara vez se dejan ver.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;No se habla de uno de los 14 submarinos estratégicos habituales de la clase, sino de una de las cuatro plataformas específicamente adaptadas para&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;misiles de crucero&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;operaciones especiales&lt;/strong&gt;. Su avistamiento, además, habría coincidido con una maniobra de&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;cambio o transferencia de personal&lt;/strong&gt;, lo que refuerza la idea de actividad operativa y logística en un momento de especial sensibilidad internacional.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;A este escenario se suma otro movimiento relevante registrado en la zona. Según indicas,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;ayer martes&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;también fue avistado por el&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Estrecho de Gibraltar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;un&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;submarino ruso de la clase Kilo&lt;/strong&gt;, que cruzó acompañado por el buque&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Altay&lt;/strong&gt;. La coincidencia de ambos episodios en un espacio temporal tan corto refuerza la imagen del Estrecho como un punto de paso, vigilancia y proyección militar de primer nivel para potencias navales de primer orden.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;wp-block-heading&quot; style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large); letter-spacing: -0.1px; line-height: 1.125; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Gibraltar, escaparate involuntario de dos movimientos navales de alto nivel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La posible presencia del&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;USS Ohio&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;en el entorno de Gibraltar no solo llama la atención por la rareza de la maniobra, sino también por lo que representa esta unidad dentro del dispositivo militar estadounidense. Su capacidad para combinar&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;ataque de precisión&lt;/strong&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;despliegue encubierto&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;apoyo a fuerzas especiales&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;lo sitúa muy lejos del perfil del submarino estratégico clásico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18.08px; letter-spacing: -0.1px; margin-block: 1.2rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;En paralelo, el paso de un&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a data-id=&quot;https://www.diarioarea.com/campo-de-gibraltar/un-submarino-ruso-de-la-clase-kilo-atraviesa-el-estrecho-de-gibraltar-acompanado-por-el-buque-altay/&quot; data-type=&quot;link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.diarioarea.com/campo-de-gibraltar/un-submarino-ruso-de-la-clase-kilo-atraviesa-el-estrecho-de-gibraltar-acompanado-por-el-buque-altay/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-thickness: 1px !important; text-decoration: none; text-underline-offset: 0.1em;&quot;&gt;submarino ruso de la clase Kilo acompañado por el Altay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;añade una segunda señal de relevancia en apenas unas horas. En conjunto, ambos movimientos sitúan de nuevo al&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Campo de Gibraltar&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y al&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Estrecho&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;en el centro de una fotografía naval de gran alcance, marcada por el tránsito de unidades de alto valor operativo y por el peso creciente de este corredor marítimo en la actividad militar internacional.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/4671187371531080761/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/un-submarino-nuclear-especial-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/4671187371531080761'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/4671187371531080761'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/un-submarino-nuclear-especial-de.html' title='Un submarino nuclear especial de Estados Unidos irrumpe en el Estrecho de Gibraltar en una maniobra poco habitual'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-3006749721157207861</id><published>2026-04-05T06:39:00.005+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-05T06:39:52.958+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="S-81 Isaac Peral"/><title type='text'>S-81 Isaac Peral: el submarino que debía dar soberanía a España</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;El&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;submarino S-81&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Isaac Pera&lt;/strong&gt;l&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;iba a ser la consagración de España como potencia submarina con sello propio. La prueba de que este país podía dejar de comprar diseño ajeno, sacar pecho tecnológico y presentarse en la OTAN con algo más que discursos, banderas y ruedas de prensa. El problema es que el S-81 ha terminado pareciéndose bastante a otras grandes obras patrias: una mezcla de ambición legítima, cálculo defectuoso, sobrecoste obsceno, chapas que se caen a las primeras de cambio y liturgia institucional para convertir el tropiezo en epopeya. El submarino existe, navega y se despliega, sí. Pero también es el recordatorio de que en España hasta la soberanía industrial viene con recargo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El pecado original del programa S-80 fue casi una metáfora nacional: al submarino le sobraban entre 75 y 100 toneladas. Es decir, el artefacto llamado a demostrar excelencia tecnológica nació con un problema tan menor como la reserva de flotabilidad, o sea, que flotaba menos que un ancla. Hubo que rediseñarlo, alargarlo y pedir apoyo a Electric Boat, la firma estadounidense que entró para ayudar a corregir lo que aquí se había calculado a ojo. No era exactamente la imagen soñada de independencia estratégica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Y luego llegó la factura, que es donde toda mitología patriótica empieza a enseñar el esqueleto. El programa arrancó con unas cifras y ha acabado instalado en otra galaxia presupuestaria: a finales de 2025, tras una nueva modificación aprobada por el Consejo de Ministros, el coste total se situó en 4.339 millones de euros. La justificación oficial incluía repuestos, obsolescencias y ajustes para alcanzar una “configuración adecuada”, esa expresión administrativa que suele significar dos cosas: faltaba dinero y todavía había cosas por arreglar. O sea, que lo del 5% que pide el Trump ya nos lo comeremos en sobrecostes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Pero hay una ironía todavía más jugosa. El S-81 fue presentado como la gran joya de una nueva generación, con el sistema AIP, que es la propulsión independiente del aire, como una de sus banderas tecnológicas. Solo que el S-81 no lo lleva. Tampoco el S-82. La propia Armada explica que ambos lo incorporarán después, tras la primera gran carena, siete o más años después de su entrega. Es decir: el primer submarino de la gran revolución submarina española entró en servicio sin la pieza más vistosa del escaparate. Como inaugurar un AVE sin alta velocidad y prometer que la ya pondrán en la siguiente revisión seria.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Los retrasos tampoco fueron un accidente puntual: fueron el clima natural del programa. El&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Isaac Peral&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;fue entregado a la Armada el 30 de noviembre de 2023, después de una década larga de desajustes, rediseños y demoras, y esp porque la Robles se plantó; se entregó sin siquiera probar que funcionaba. Y el S-82&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Narciso Monturiol&lt;/em&gt;, que debía seguirle, vio desplazada su entrega a finales de 2026, … o no. En febrero de ese mismo año, además, Navantia relevó al responsable del negocio de submarinos en Cartagena. Sin comentarios.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Actualmente, la secuencia posterior tampoco invita precisamente a la complacencia. El S-81 sigue en la fase final de evaluación para estar “plenamente operativo” meses después de la “entrega”, acumulando días de mar y fallando en pruebas clave como el lanzamiento de torpedos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Eso no significa que el submarino sea humo. No lo es. La Armada sostiene que el S-81 alcanzó plena capacidad operativa en 2025, tras regresar de una misión de 46 días en la operación&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Sea Guardian&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;de la OTAN con 840 horas de inmersión y más de 5.050 millas navegadas. Y en febrero de 2026 volvió a desplegarlo en&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Noble Shield&lt;/em&gt;. El dato importa porque desactiva el simplismo del “todo ha sido un fracaso”, todo y que tuviera que irse de las maniobras antes de tiempo, recogiendo las planchas del morro por el camino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;No: el submarino funciona y España ha acabado poniendo en el agua un activo real. La cuestión no es esa. La cuestión es cuánto ha tardado, cuánto ha costado y cuánta propaganda ha hecho falta para vender como madurez lo que durante años fue, sencillamente, una cadena de cagadas carísimas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Ese es el corazón del caso S-81. No estamos ante un desastre absoluto, sino ante algo más incómodo: un éxito deforme. Una capacidad estratégica importante conseguida a base de retrasos mastodónticos, un sobrepeso de chiste cruel, ayuda exterior, calendarios reventados y un presupuesto que acabó disparado. El&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Isaac Peral&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;no demuestra que España no pueda hacer submarinos. Demuestra algo más ácido: que puede hacerlos, sí, pero a un precio político, industrial y presupuestario que convierte cada brindis oficial en una invitación a mirar la letra pequeña.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 20px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Porque esa es la gran broma del programa. Se vendió como una lección de autonomía nacional y ha acabado siendo también una lección de modestia. El S-81 está ahí, navega, opera y sirve. Perfecto. Pero entre el cartel de “hito histórico” y la realidad hay una verdad menos solemne: el primer gran submarino español del siglo XXI ha sido una obra de ingeniería… y un retrato flotante de nuestras debilidades clásicas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/3006749721157207861/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/s-81-isaac-peral-el-submarino-que-debia.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3006749721157207861'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3006749721157207861'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/s-81-isaac-peral-el-submarino-que-debia.html' title='S-81 Isaac Peral: el submarino que debía dar soberanía a España'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-3772888352775159024</id><published>2026-04-05T06:37:00.003+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-05T06:37:53.201+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="S-82 ‘Narciso Monturiol’"/><title type='text'>El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional</title><content type='html'>&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;submarino S-82 “Narciso Monturiol”&lt;/b&gt;, segundo&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/espana/actualidad-es/supera-a-todos-empiezan-a-construir-el-portaaviones-mas-grande-de-europa-y-sera-el-orgullo-nacional/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: background-color 0.2s ease-out;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/espana/actualidad-es/supera-a-todos-empiezan-a-construir-el-portaaviones-mas-grande-de-europa-y-sera-el-orgullo-nacional/&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;buque&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;de la serie S-80 Plus de la&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/espana/actualidad-es/la-armada-desafia-a-las-grandes-potencias-y-construye-un-nuevo-buque-insignia-seria-el-primero-de-su-historia/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: background-color 0.2s ease-out;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/espana/actualidad-es/la-armada-desafia-a-las-grandes-potencias-y-construye-un-nuevo-buque-insignia-seria-el-primero-de-su-historia/&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Armada Española&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, avanza con paso firme en su fase de pruebas en puerto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-script&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; 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fill=&quot;none&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/amp-embed&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;related-template-view&quot; style=&quot;border-top-color: rgb(231, 228, 225); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 20px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;related-template-view__suggestion&quot; href=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/espana/actualidad-es/llego-el-submarino-mas-moderno-de-la-armada-lo-construyeron-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: grid; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; row-gap: 10px; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;related-template-view__suggestion-overline&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 0.9375rem; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Te puede interesar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;related-template-view__suggestion-title&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(231, 228, 225); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; padding: 20px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Llegó el submarino más moderno de la Armada: lo construyeron en el país y es el orgullo nacional&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;visually-hidden&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clip-path: inset(100%); clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;abre en nueva pestaña&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;article-body__figure&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: grid; font-family: Lato; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-img alt=&quot;El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional. Foto: Ministerio de Defensa&quot; class=&quot;global-image i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-responsive i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;true&quot; data-hero=&quot;true&quot; height=&quot;56&quot; i-amphtml-auto-lightbox-visited=&quot;&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;responsive&quot; layout=&quot;responsive&quot; src=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=800&amp;amp;height=450&amp;amp;quality=70&quot; srcset=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=375&amp;amp;height=211&amp;amp;quality=70 375w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=450&amp;amp;height=253&amp;amp;quality=70 450w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=600&amp;amp;height=338&amp;amp;quality=70 600w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=768&amp;amp;height=432&amp;amp;quality=70 768w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=990&amp;amp;height=557&amp;amp;quality=70 990w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=800&amp;amp;height=450&amp;amp;quality=70 800w&quot; style=&quot;aspect-ratio: var(--aspect-ratio); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: 1262px;&quot; width=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;i-amphtml-sizer slot=&quot;i-amphtml-svc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block !important; margin: 0px; padding: 706.71875px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/i-amphtml-sizer&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional. Foto: Ministerio de Defensa&quot; class=&quot;i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;true&quot; data-hero=&quot;true&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; sizes=&quot;(max-width: 1277px) 1262px, 100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=800&amp;amp;height=450&amp;amp;quality=70&quot; srcset=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=375&amp;amp;height=211&amp;amp;quality=70 375w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=450&amp;amp;height=253&amp;amp;quality=70 450w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=600&amp;amp;height=338&amp;amp;quality=70 600w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=768&amp;amp;height=432&amp;amp;quality=70 768w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=990&amp;amp;height=557&amp;amp;quality=70 990w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-5IZUGJSZSNDFDMT3OPN7DXPOBU.jpg?auth=e6989506e58e0c0fb6cdba807f59f760d2f1798b51f778c251e87f2ccccc926d&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=800&amp;amp;height=450&amp;amp;quality=70 800w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: 0px; inset: 0px; margin: auto; max-height: 100%; max-width: 100%; min-height: 100%; min-width: 100%; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute; width: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/amp-img&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;article-body__figure__figcaption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: grid; margin: 0px; padding: 7.5px 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;article-body__figure__caption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 19.5px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional. Foto: Ministerio de Defensa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;article-body__heading-h2&quot; id=&quot;ponen-en-funcionamiento-el-nuevo-submarino-de-españa&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 29px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; scroll-margin-top: 130px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Ponen en funcionamiento el nuevo submarino de España&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El pasado 20 de marzo de 2026, el Ministerio de Defensa de España informó a través de sus redes sociales que el S-82 “Narciso Monturiol” logró el&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;primer arranque de sus motores diésel&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;en el astillero de Cartagena.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-script&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-ad class=&quot;i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-fixed i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-a4a-upgrade-type=&quot;amp-ad-network-doubleclick-impl&quot; data-amp-slot-index=&quot;3&quot; data-block-on-consent=&quot;&quot; data-enable-refresh=&quot;30&quot; data-lazy-fetch=&quot;true&quot; data-loading-strategy=&quot;1&quot; data-slot=&quot;/22839619862/cronista_es/amp_intext_2&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;fixed&quot; style=&quot;--loader-delay-offset: 1ms !important; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-block; 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fill=&quot;none&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/amp-ad&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;“El S-82 ‘Narciso Monturiol’,&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;segundo submarino de la serie #S80&lt;/b&gt;, arranca por primera vez sus motores diésel en el astillero de #Cartagena. Un nuevo hito en las pruebas de puerto que acerca este submarino un poco más a su entrega a la Armada Española”, publicó la cuenta oficial del Ministerio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-script&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-ad class=&quot;i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-fixed i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-a4a-upgrade-type=&quot;amp-ad-network-doubleclick-impl&quot; data-amp-slot-index=&quot;4&quot; data-block-on-consent=&quot;&quot; data-enable-refresh=&quot;30&quot; data-lazy-fetch=&quot;true&quot; data-loading-strategy=&quot;1&quot; data-slot=&quot;/22839619862/cronista_es/amp_intext_3&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;fixed&quot; style=&quot;--loader-delay-offset: 0ms !important; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; 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fill=&quot;none&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/amp-ad&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Este avance confirma que el programa S-80 Plus de la Armada Española y Navantia sigue progresando de manera sostenida, tras importantes hitos registrados durante todo el año 2025.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-script&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-ad class=&quot;i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-responsive i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; data-amp-slot-index=&quot;5&quot; data-block-on-consent=&quot;&quot; data-pid=&quot;220737&quot; height=&quot;1&quot; i-amphtml-layout=&quot;responsive&quot; layout=&quot;responsive&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot; type=&quot;teads&quot; width=&quot;300&quot;&gt;&lt;i-amphtml-sizer slot=&quot;i-amphtml-svc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: block !important; margin: 0px; padding: 4.203125px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/i-amphtml-sizer&gt;&lt;/amp-ad&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;article-body__heading-h2&quot; id=&quot;las-primeras-pruebas-del-submarino-que-cambiará-la-armada&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 29px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; scroll-margin-top: 130px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Las primeras pruebas del submarino que cambiará la Armada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Puesto a flote a principios de octubre de 2025&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;en las instalaciones de Navantia en Cartagena, el S-82 “Narciso Monturiol” inició desde noviembre las pruebas y preparativos orientados a su entrega definitiva a la Armada Española, prevista para el transcurso del año&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2026&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-script&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-ad class=&quot;i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-fixed i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; 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fill=&quot;none&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/amp-ad&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;article-body__figure&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: grid; font-family: Lato; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-img alt=&quot;El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional. 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Foto: Ministerio de Defensa&quot; class=&quot;i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content&quot; data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable=&quot;true&quot; data-hero=&quot;true&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; sizes=&quot;(max-width: 1277px) 1262px, 100vw&quot; src=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=800&amp;amp;height=450&amp;amp;quality=70&quot; srcset=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=375&amp;amp;height=211&amp;amp;quality=70 375w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=450&amp;amp;height=253&amp;amp;quality=70 450w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=600&amp;amp;height=338&amp;amp;quality=70 600w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=768&amp;amp;height=432&amp;amp;quality=70 768w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=990&amp;amp;height=557&amp;amp;quality=70 990w, https://www.cronista.com/resizer/v2/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para-reforzar-a-la-armada-fue-construido-en-el-pais-y-es-el-orgullo-nacional-J2KZVD3UUBGVNPMP4DINXMV4UY.jpg?auth=3d81c4c6e0b5025c5db85c4b4df860c75da2c5c966e6b58d8e9f36fcff2dde11&amp;amp;smart=true&amp;amp;width=800&amp;amp;height=450&amp;amp;quality=70 800w&quot; style=&quot;border: medium !important; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: 0px; inset: 0px; margin: auto; max-height: 100%; max-width: 100%; min-height: 100%; min-width: 100%; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute; width: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/amp-img&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;article-body__figure__figcaption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: grid; margin: 0px; padding: 7.5px 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;article-body__figure__caption&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 19.5px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional. Foto: Ministerio de Defensa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Estos ensayos abarcan todos sus sistemas críticos: propulsión, generación de energía, comunicaciones, sonar y armamento. Cada componente debe ser validado con precisión para garantizar el máximo nivel de operatividad y seguridad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;related-template-view&quot; style=&quot;border-top-color: rgb(231, 228, 225); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 20px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;related-template-view__suggestion&quot; href=&quot;https://www.cronista.com/espana/actualidad-es/dos-potencias-mundiales-se-aliaron-para-construir-un-nuevo-buque-de-guerra-y-cambian-el-panorama-mundial/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: grid; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; row-gap: 10px; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;related-template-view__suggestion-overline&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 0.9375rem; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Te puede interesar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;related-template-view__suggestion-title&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(231, 228, 225); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 1.0625rem; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; padding: 20px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Dos potencias mundiales se aliaron para construir un nuevo buque de guerra y cambian el panorama mundial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;visually-hidden&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clip-path: inset(100%); clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;abre en nueva pestaña&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;article-body__heading-h2&quot; id=&quot;el-submarino-que-será-el-orgullo-nacional&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 29px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; scroll-margin-top: 130px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El submarino que será el orgullo nacional&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Este nuevo submarino no solo refuerza la flota de la Armada Española, sino que representa el compromiso de España con la&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;soberanía tecnológica&lt;/b&gt;. Construido en el país, el S-82 “Narciso Monturiol” encarna el orgullo nacional de contar con una industria naval capaz de desarrollar submarinos de última generación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Su incorporación fortalecerá las capacidades de disuasión y vigilancia marítima, contribuyendo directamente a la protección de los intereses estratégicos españoles en un contexto geopolítico complejo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-body__oembed article-body__oembed-twitter&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Lato; margin-inline: auto; margin: 2rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;amp-twitter class=&quot;i-amphtml-element i-amphtml-layout-responsive i-amphtml-layout-size-defined i-amphtml-built i-amphtml-layout&quot; 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sandbox=&quot;allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-forms allow-modals allow-pointer-lock allow-popups allow-same-origin allow-scripts&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://d-35936496351078623738.ampproject.net/2603032146000/frame.html&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none; border-width: medium; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: 0px; inset: 0px; margin: auto; max-height: 100%; max-width: 100%; min-height: 100%; min-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; width: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;Twitter&quot; width=&quot;550&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/amp-twitter&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;article-body__paragraph&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; line-height: 31px; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; width: 1262px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;De cara a los próximos meses, se espera que tras este primer arranque de motores diésel se concrete la&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;primera navegación en superficie&lt;/b&gt;, paso previo a las pruebas en mar abierto y la posterior inmersión controlada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;Además, esta nave se sumará a las otras dos unidades de la clase, el&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;S-83 Cosme García y el S-84 Mateo García de los Reyes&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: var(--secondary-font); font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;. Justamente, ambas incorporarán como principal novedad los nuevos sistemas AIP (Air Independent Propulsion) de tercera generación. Esta tecnología extenderá la autonomía y potenciará aún más las capacidades de la serie S-80 Plus, consolidando a España entre las naciones con mayor desarrollo submarino del mundo.&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/3772888352775159024/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3772888352775159024'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/3772888352775159024'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/el-nuevo-submarino-se-prepara-para.html' title='El nuevo submarino se prepara para reforzar a la Armada: fue construido en el país y es el orgullo nacional'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-7723402180968872250</id><published>2026-04-05T06:36:00.004+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-05T06:36:21.113+02:00</updated><title type='text'>Los submarinos estadounidenses recibirán un aumento en su capacidad de combate</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;L3Harris Technologies ha recibido un contrato de Autoridad de Otras Transacciones de la Unidad de Innovación de Defensa del Departamento de Guerra para suministrar el&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;sistema de Lanzamiento y Recuperación de Tubos de Torpedos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;(TTLR, por sus siglas en inglés), el cual despliega y recupera los vehículos submarinos autónomos Iver4 900 de la compañía a través de los tubos de torpedos de los&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://urbantecno.com/ciencia/alerta-en-el-mar-de-noruega-el-submarino-nuclear-sovietico-que-sigue-emitiendo-radiacion-a-1-600-metros-de-profundidad&quot; style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;submarinos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;sect-links&quot; style=&quot;align-items: center; border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; justify-content: space-between; min-height: 32px; padding: 24px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 21px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 32px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;Tecnología&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;dfsn-img class=&quot;nav-m&quot; dark=&quot;https://cdn.andro4all.com/andro4all/icons/nav-dark.svg&quot; display=&quot;block&quot; mode=&quot;background&quot; src=&quot;https://cdn.andro4all.com/andro4all/icons/nav.svg&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url(&amp;quot;https://cdn.andro4all.com/andro4all/icons/nav.svg&amp;quot;); background-position: -170px center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 1130px 40px; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 20px; padding: 10px; transition: 0.1s ease-in-out; width: 20px;&quot; title=&quot;Expandir enalces relacionados&quot;&gt;&lt;/dfsn-img&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;L3Harris Technologies es una&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;empresa tecnológica estadounidense, contratista de defensa&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;y proveedor de servicios de tecnología de la información que fabrica productos para sistemas de mando y control, equipos inalámbricos, radios tácticas, aviónica y sistemas electrónicos, equipos de visión nocturna, sistemas y productos de inteligencia, vigilancia y reconocimiento, entre otros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Las armadas de Estados Unidos y sus aliados han validado el sistema&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;para llevar a cabo misiones de inteligencia, vigilancia, reconocimiento, detección de minas y guerra submarina sin necesidad de salir a la superficie ni exponer al personal a ningún riesgo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;El sistema modular TTLR multiplica la capacidad operativa de los submarinos existentes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Nino DiCosmo, presidente de Sistemas Marítimos, Espaciales y de Misión de L3Harris, declaró: &quot;El sistema de lanzamiento y recuperación de tubos de torpedos no es una capacidad futura, sino que&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;responde a las necesidades actuales de los comandantes de combate&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Añadió: &quot;Nuestro sistema es el primero en lanzar y recuperar con éxito vehículos submarinos autónomos (AUV) desde un submarino, lo que proporciona a los comandantes flexibilidad para operaciones submarinas continuas y mantiene la discreción esencial&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El sistema modular TTLR, como indica&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.l3harris.com/newsroom/press-release/2026/03/l3harris-provide-autonomous-underwater-capability-us-navy-submarines&quot; rel=&quot;noopener nofollow&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;el comunicado de prensa&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;multiplica la capacidad operativa de los submarinos existentes&lt;/strong&gt;, eliminando la necesidad de costosas construcciones nuevas. Este sistema ofrece la primera tecnología de baterías de iones de litio para vehículos submarinos autónomos (AUV) aprobada por&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://urbantecno.com/defensa/el-plan-de-900-millones-de-la-armada-de-ee-uu-astilleros-con-inteligencia-artificial-para-multiplicar-sus-submarinos&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;la Armada de los Estados Unidos de América&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;para uso en submarinos y aviación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Este avance pequeño misiones de mayor duración con capacidad de intercambio en caliente para operaciones continuas. La interoperabilidad del TTLR entre múltiples clases de submarinos y plataformas aliadas impulsa la visión de la Armada sobre&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;la colaboración entre sistemas tripulados y no tripulados&lt;/strong&gt;, y demuestra la colaboración del Pilar 2 de AUKUS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Una de las principales ventajas de este sistema es&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;su diseño modular&lt;/strong&gt;, el cual puede integrarse en submarinos existentes sin necesidad de construir embarcaciones completamente nuevas, lo que lo convierte en una solución rentable. Además, el sistema utiliza tecnología de baterías avanzada que, como hemos mencionado, permite misiones más largas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La introducción de sistemas submarinos autónomos refleja&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;una tendencia más amplia hacia la combinación de plataformas tripuladas y no tripuladas&lt;/strong&gt;. Este enfoque, a menudo denominado trabajo en equipo tripulado-no tripulado, busca aumentar la eficacia operativa y, al mismo tiempo, reducir el riesgo para el personal. El sistema también está diseñado para ser compatible con múltiples clases de submarinos y fuerzas navales aliadas, lo que refuerza la colaboración y la interoperabilidad en operaciones conjuntas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; grid-column-end: 8 main; grid-column-start: main; transition: 0.3s ease-out;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La integración de vehículos submarinos autónomos (AUV) en operaciones submarinas abre un amplio abanico de posibilidades de misión. Estas incluyen la recopilación de inteligencia, la vigilancia, el reconocimiento, la detección de minas submarinas y la cartografía del lecho marino. Gracias a su funcionamiento autónomo, estos vehículos pueden&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;adentrarse en zonas que serían demasiado peligrosas o inaccesibles&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;para los submarinos tripulados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/7723402180968872250/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/los-submarinos-estadounidenses.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7723402180968872250'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7723402180968872250'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/los-submarinos-estadounidenses.html' title='Los submarinos estadounidenses recibirán un aumento en su capacidad de combate'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-7533678348185102295</id><published>2026-04-05T06:33:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-05T06:33:42.739+02:00</updated><title type='text'>Un submarino francés de la clase Suffren lanza y recupera un UUV de la Marina de Estados Unidos</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Un submarino de ataque nuclear de la clase Suffren de la Marina francesa (Marine Nationale) lanzó y recuperó con éxito, por primera vez, un dron submarino Razorback de la Marina estadounidense. Estas pruebas técnicas se realizaron frente a la costa de Toulon, la principal base naval de Francia. Representan un avance significativo en las capacidades de los submarinos de la clase Suffren y, además, ponen de manifiesto el alto nivel de interoperabilidad entre las fuerzas submarinas francesas y estadounidenses.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El objetivo principal de estas pruebas era validar la capacidad de lanzar y recuperar un vehículo submarino no tripulado (UUV) mientras el submarino permanecía sumergido. Para ello, el submarino nuclear francés utilizó su refugio de cubierta seca (DDS), un hangar desmontable acoplado a la cubierta de popa del submarino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Si bien normalmente se utiliza para transportar vehículos de entrega de nadadores y equipos especializados, el DDS sirvió como estación de acoplamiento para el dron Razorback. Desarrollado por HII (Huntington Ingalls Industries), el Razorback es una variante militar del dron civil REMUS 620, diseñado principalmente para misiones hidrográficas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La Marina de Estados Unidos ya tiene experiencia en el lanzamiento y recuperación de vehículos submarinos no tripulados (UUV) de la serie REMUS desde su submarino de clase Virginia, el USS Delaware (SSN-791), como parte del programa «Yellow Moray». Sin embargo, las tripulaciones de la Marina estadounidense lanzan y recuperan los UUV desde los tubos lanzatorpedos del submarino, lo que proporciona mayor flexibilidad. Como informó previamente Naval News, un UUV REMUS 600 ya está desplegado operativamente a bordo del Delaware.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Naval News entiende que la flotilla de submarinos de la Marina Real Sueca fue el primer servicio del mundo en desplegar un sistema operativo capaz de recuperar vehículos submarinos no tripulados (UUV) con forma de torpedo (y devolverlos al interior del submarino a través del tubo lanzatorpedos). Los suecos utilizan, desde 2019, un sistema diseñado por Saab conocido como SubROV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure aria-describedby=&quot;caption-attachment-132589&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption aligncenter&quot; id=&quot;attachment_132589&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); clear: both; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px auto 1.5rem; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; width: 1000px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Tubo dos&quot; class=&quot;wp-image-132589 size-full&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; height=&quot;566&quot; sizes=&quot;(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px&quot; src=&quot;https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-dos.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-dos.jpg 1000w, https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-dos-300x170.jpg 300w, https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-dos-768x435.jpg 768w&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 9.453125px auto 0px; max-width: 98%; vertical-align: top;&quot; width=&quot;1000&quot; /&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; id=&quot;caption-attachment-132589&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0.8075rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 10pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Suffren SSN con DDS instalado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;h4 style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 22px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Objetivos Operativos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Bajo la supervisión de buzos especializados, el submarino de la clase Suffren realizó varios ciclos de lanzamiento y recuperación. Durante estas maniobras, el dron:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Realizó fases de misión autónoma en el mar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Realizó diversas mediciones oceanográficas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Regresó con éxito al submarino para su recuperación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;La superación de estas pruebas permite a la Marina francesa considerar la integración de este tipo de dron en futuras operaciones activas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure aria-describedby=&quot;caption-attachment-132590&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption aligncenter&quot; id=&quot;attachment_132590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); clear: both; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px auto 1.5rem; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; width: 1000px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Tubo tres&quot; class=&quot;wp-image-132590 size-full&quot; decoding=&quot;async&quot; height=&quot;578&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; sizes=&quot;auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px&quot; src=&quot;https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-tres.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-tres.jpg 1000w, https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-tres-300x173.jpg 300w, https://galaxiamilitar.es/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/tubo-tres-768x444.jpg 768w&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px; display: block; height: auto; margin: 9.453125px auto 0px; max-width: 98%; vertical-align: top;&quot; width=&quot;1000&quot; /&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; id=&quot;caption-attachment-132590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0.8075rem 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 10pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Marineros franceses y estadounidenses, personal de la DGA, trabajando juntos a bordo del submarino nuclear como parte de las pruebas del vehículo submarino no tripulado (UUV)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;h4 style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 22px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Fortalecimiento de los lazos franco-estadounidenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;El proyecto fue posible gracias a la estrecha coordinación entre la Marina de Estados Unidos, que compartió las especificaciones técnicas del dron y los procedimientos de recuperación, las Fuerzas Submarinas Francesas, que diseñaron las pruebas, y la Dirección General de Armamento (DGA) francesa, que proporcionó la experiencia técnica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Más allá del logro técnico, estas pruebas demuestran la capacidad de ambas naciones para compartir e implementar capacidades avanzadas y procedimientos complejos en el delicado campo de la guerra submarina.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(63, 63, 70); font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 14pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-size: 18.666666px; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-width: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Xavier Vavasseur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/7533678348185102295/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/un-submarino-frances-de-la-clase.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7533678348185102295'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/7533678348185102295'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/un-submarino-frances-de-la-clase.html' title='Un submarino francés de la clase Suffren lanza y recupera un UUV de la Marina de Estados Unidos'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-321485973112099621.post-6339819814870948470</id><published>2026-04-05T06:32:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2026-04-05T06:32:34.595+02:00</updated><title type='text'>La fragata Reina Sofía detecta y vigila de cerca a un submarino ruso a su paso por aguas españolas</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #686868; font-family: Domine, Georgia, Times, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 19px;&quot;&gt;Al sumergible le acompañaba un buque auxiliar durante su tránsito por aguas de interés nacional en el Mediterráneo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;article-media&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;figure style=&quot;background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;La fragata Reina Sofía vigila de cerca el paso por aguas nacionales de un submarino ruso&quot; class=&quot;onm-image img-responsive&quot; src=&quot;https://www.infodefensa.com/images/showid2/7918328?w=900&amp;amp;mh=700&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot; /&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;photo-subtitle&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px;&quot;&gt;La fragata Reina Sofía vigila de cerca el paso por aguas nacionales de un submarino ruso. Firma: EMAD&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;photo-subtitle&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;figcaption class=&quot;photo-subtitle&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/feeds/6339819814870948470/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/la-fragata-reina-sofia-detecta-y-vigila.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6339819814870948470'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/321485973112099621/posts/default/6339819814870948470'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://subnacho.blogspot.com/2026/04/la-fragata-reina-sofia-detecta-y-vigila.html' title='La fragata Reina Sofía detecta y vigila de cerca a un submarino ruso a su paso por aguas españolas'/><author><name>Nacho Padró</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09966844776346189716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='28' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_NZZ5iapyDlw/TGpdgfiUyCI/AAAAAAAAAMs/5HiFCKUtzGk/S220/Bandera+Pirata.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>