Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Online

UltraViolet UV and Physical Therapy

2010-11-03T10:54:00.004+01:00

Definition : electromagnetic wave between 100nm –400nm Classification of Ultraviolet radiation : Ultraviolet A (400nm - 315nm) Ultraviolet B (315nm - 218nm) Ultraviolet C (218nm – 100nm) Ultraviolet is similar to visiblelight in reflexion , refraction and absorption. Ultraviolet physiological effect:  1- highly absorbed in air especially if wave length less than 280nm. 2-

Principles of Pilates Exercise for Spinal Stability

2010-09-25T16:13:00.006+02:00

Principles of Pilates Exercise for Spinal Stability Introduction: In recent years an understanding of the concept of core stability has change the way in which we rehabilitate our patient because the core is actually the “powerhouse”, the foundation or engine of all limb movement. All movements are generated from the core and translated to the extremities. What is the goal of core stability

Amputation and Physical Therapy

2010-09-25T15:59:00.003+02:00

Definition of AmputationAmputation: Removal of part or all of a body part enclosed by skin. Two other types of amputation are self-amputation, which occurs when a trapped person frees himself or herself by removing part or all of a body part, and congenital amputation, which occurs when a person is born without part or all of a body part. "Amputation" is derived from the Latin word "amputare"

Download Free Physical Therapy Presentations

2010-09-24T14:35:00.005+02:00

Now with us you can download 100 physical therapy and rehabilitation presentations in PowerPoint PPT format , it is absolutely for physical therapy and rehabilitation students , they can use it as a reference in studying or it can be used with physical therapy and rehabilitation specialists and professionals. Amputation.ppt anatomyLL2.ppt anatomyLL3.ppt anatomyLL4.ppt

Multiple Sclerosis MS assessment and management

2010-08-29T03:45:00.013+02:00

Medical Management: 1. To treat the MS itself. a. Anti-inflammatory (e.g. adrenocorticotrophic hormone) can shorten the duration of acute exacerbation. No effects on the overall course of the disease. b. Beta interferon IB (Betaseron): reduce the number and severity of exacerbation in individuals with relapsing/remitting MS. c. Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g. azathioprine): toxic side effects

Multiple Sclerosis MS Prognosis and Diagnosis

2010-08-28T01:16:00.003+02:00

The following are general guidelines: number of symptoms at the onset of MS. Time course (onset and progression). Onset age. Neurological status at 5 years after the onset of MS. Exacerbating Factors:  For the most part, the course of ms remains unpredictable. There are certain factors that make the symptoms worse: a. Deterioration of general health. b. Viral or bacterial

Multiple Sclerosis MS Clinical signs and Symptoms

2010-08-28T01:14:00.003+02:00

1. Motor Symptoms: A. Weakness: Vary from mild weakness to total paralysis of the involved parts. Due to damage to the cortex and/or pyramidal tracts. It can be secondary to prolong activity and disuse atrophy. B. Spasticity, Hyperreflexia, Clonus and positive Babniski sign. Due to pyramidal tracts lesions. Vary from patient to another. C. Cerebellar symptoms: Intension

Multiple Sclerosis MS Epidemiology , Etiology and Pathology

2010-08-28T01:12:00.002+02:00

Epidemiology : In general diagnosed between the ages of 15-50 years, with the majority of people in their 30s at the time of diagnosis. Rare in children and in adults above 50 years of age. rare in some races (Black african and eskimos), more common in whites women are affected more than men (2:1). more permanent in areas of the world farther from the equator. where a person spends the

The big Secrets between Flexibility and Diet

2010-07-08T00:41:00.002+02:00

1- No one can’t be Flexible A lot of studies shows that people who drinks green juices like spinach and kale before stretches like about 25 minute before the exercises will develop more flexibility . 2- Never drink COFFEE it will make you more STIFF. Studies shows that people who drink a lot of coffee will have these symptoms :  Increase in weight Translucent skin Joints

Assistive aids of walking and Physical Therapy

2010-04-22T19:10:00.003+02:00

Assistive aids of walking They include 1-Cane, 2-Crutches, 3-and Walkers. Uses of the assistive aids of walking: 1-Imbalance, 2-fatigue, 3-weakness, 4-joint instability, 5-and to eliminate weight partially or fully.  A-canes Types of canes 1-standard cane 2-Quad cane. 3-Walk cane. Basics of Canes •Canes typically support 15-20% of body weight •Canes can help with

Humeral Shaft Fractures

2010-04-22T18:33:00.003+02:00

Fractures of the humerus can be: •Spiral: –Caused by twisting injuries of an arm. •Transverse: –Caused by direct trauma or a fall onto the arm. •Segmented: •Pathological: –The humerus is a common site for metastases and pathological fractures are often seen.  Complications 1.Neurovascular damage: –The fragments are shaped like spikes and can damage the radial nerve or

Fractures of the upper end of the humerus

2010-04-22T18:30:00.002+02:00

1.Avulsion of the greater tuberosity: –Support to the shoulder until the pain has settled. –PT for 3-4 weeks later. 2.Fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus: –Sling or collar and cuff for 4-6 weeks 3.Proximal epiphyseal separation: –Common in children, –Rest in sling  4.Fracture dislocations of the shoulder –Closed reduction is difficult, –Severe fracture

Shoulder Dislocation Anterior Dislocation and Physical Therapy

2010-04-22T18:24:00.003+02:00

There are five types of shoulder dislocation: 1.Anterior dislocation. 2.Posterior dislocation. 3.Luxatio erecta, or true inferior dislocation. 4.Fracture dislocations. 5.Multidirectional. Anterior Dislocation  •Most common •Result of the head of humerus slipping off the front of the glenoid when the arm is abducted and externally rotated •May be associated with greater

The Scapula Fractures And Physical Therapy

2010-04-22T18:14:00.003+02:00

Sites of fracture of the scapula: (A) acromion; (B) fracture dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint (C) coracoid (D) glenoid (E) neck of scapula (F) blade of scapula  Mechanisms of Injury •Birth trauma: clavicle compressed against maternal . •Fall on outstretched hand or on point of shoulder •Direct blow •Seizures •Non- traumatic fracture: pathological - tumour,

The Clavicle Injuries and physical therapy

2010-04-22T18:10:00.003+02:00

•A fractured clavicle is one of the commonest of all fractures. •Clavicular injuries include: 1.Fracture of the midshaft of the clavicle. 2.Fracture of the outer end of the clavicle. 3.Acromioclavicular separation. 4.Sternoclavicular dislocation.  Mechanism of Injury Moderate or high-energy traumatic impacts to the shoulder 1.Fall from height 2.Motor vehicle accident 3.

Cerebellar Dysfunction

2010-01-12T09:55:00.006+01:00

Cerebellum has two major motor roles : 1- Comparing the actual motor output to the intended movement. 2- adjustment of movement as necessary . Cause of cerebellar dysfunction: 1- Vascular 2- Trauma 3- Tumor 4 Infection  Signs and symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction : leads to ipsilateral (same side of the body) symptoms. 1- Ataxia: a lack of co-ordination. midline vermal

Stato-kinetic reflexes

2010-01-11T21:56:00.003+01:00

These reflexes maintain equilibrium of the body during movement e.g.: A) Reflexes due to linear acceleration (i.e. in a straight line): Vertical movements: - If an animal is placed on a table, then the table is suddenly elevated, the head moves downward and the limbs are flexed. - When the table is suddenly lowered, the head moves upwards and the limbs are extended.

General static reflexes

2010-01-11T21:55:00.003+01:00

General static reflexes: A) Stato-tonic reflexes: These reflexes result from changes in the head position: 1- Stato-tonic neck reflexes: These reflexes result from change in head position in relation to body. To avoid labyrinthine reflexes, labyrinth should be destroyed. These reflexes arise from proprioceptors present in the muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints of neck. a) Dorsi-flexion of the

Postural reflexes

2010-01-11T21:53:00.003+01:00

Postural reflexes These are group of reflexes which maintain body position and equilibrium either during rest (static) or during movement (kinetic) by changing the distribution of MT in the limbs and trunk. Postural reflexes are classified into: I- Static reflexes: These reflexes maintain equilibrium of the body during rest (i.e. non movement), they include the following reflexes: <!-- adsense --

Vertigo

2010-01-11T21:52:00.003+01:00

Vertigo: It means wrong sensation of counter rotation (i.e. rotation in opposite side) which occurs at the end of rotation. So if a person is rotated from left to right, then rotation is stopped, he feels as if he rotates from right to left. Mechanism of vertigo: CC is accustomed to receive the movement against the movement of endo-lymph which is correct at the beginning of rotation, but after

Vestibular apparatus

2010-01-11T21:51:00.003+01:00

Vestibular apparatus The labyrinth (internal ear) is present in the petrous part of the temporal bone. It is formed of a bony labyrinth (outside) and membranous labyrinth (inside). The space between the bony and membranous labyrinth is filled with peri-lymph which is similar to the extra-cellular fluid, where as the membranous labyrinth is filled with endo-lymph which is similar to the

Aphasia

2010-01-11T21:19:00.003+01:00

Aphasia: It means inability to express thoughts either by spoken or written words. It may be: I. Sensory aphasia: a) Visual aphasia: It is due to lesion of the visual speech center (area 18, 19). The patient can see, but he can't understand the written words. b) Auditory aphasia: It is due to lesion of the auditory speech center (area 22). The patient can hear, but he can't understand the spoken

Higher mental functions

2010-01-11T21:17:00.003+01:00

I. Learning: Learning is a modification of behavior which results from training, observation and experience. II. Memory: It is the process of storage of information. It has the following types: 1- Short term memory: It is the ability to retain few facts (words or numbers) for few minutes to few hours. It depends upon the continued activity of the nervous system because inactivation of the brain

CEREBRAL CORTEX

2010-01-11T21:13:00.004+01:00

It is the highest center in the nervous system, it is most developed in man. It is concerned with: 1- Higher sensory functions. 2- Higher motor functions. 3- Higher mental function (speech, memory & learning). Cerebral cortex is divided into 2 hemispheres right and left. Each hemisphere contains 5 lobes; frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal and limbic lobes. Each lobe is divided by several

Hypothalamus

2010-01-11T20:04:00.003+01:00

It is the highest sub-cortical center which regulates most of the body functions and help to maintain the internal environment constant. It lies at the base of the brain, below and anterior to the thalamus on either side of the third ventricle. Hypothalamus is informed about the condition of the body by: a- Nervous connections. b-Blood supply; changes in the blood are detected by the