http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~clgroks Weekly science radio program produced at KALX in Berkeley, CA. Hosted by Dr. Charles Lee and Dr. Frank Ling, each show features interviews with scientists and technical innovators, humorous commentary on recent discoveries, plus the Grokotron 5000 and the World Famous Question of the Week! Tune in every week and rediscover the world as you think you know it. groks@hotmail.com science technology news education Charles Lee and Frank Ling All the science fit to air...and even some that is not Weekly science radio program produced at KALX in Berkeley, CA. Hosted by Dr. Charles Lee and Dr. Frank Ling, each show features interviews with scientists and technical innovators, humorous commentary on recent discoveries, plus the Grokotron 5000 and the World Famous Question of the Week! Tune in every week and rediscover the world as you think you know it. Charles Lee and Frank Ling Charles Lee and Frank Ling groks@hotmail.com http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~clgroks/braingrok.jpg http://www.groks.net Berkeley Groks - Science Show Podcast http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/http://creativecommons.org/images/public/somerights20.gif http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/This is an XML content feed. It is intended to be viewed in a newsreader or syndicated to another site, subject to copyright and fair use. The normal decline of our cognitive abilities is one of the hallmarks of the aging process. But, what is the dividing line between normal and abnormal memory loss? On this program, Martha Weinman Lear discussed normal memory loss. http://www.archive.org/details/groks329 Wed, 25 Jun 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:45 While sports may thrill fans and spectators, professional athletes continue to make use of the latest developments in science and technology to improve their performance. On this program, Davin Coburn discussed the science of sports. http://www.archive.org/details/groks328 Wed, 18 Jun 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:23 While exercise is widely known to be beneficial for physical health, it can also greatly improve mental abilities as well. On this program, Dr. John Ratey discussed the effects of exercise on the brain. http://www.archive.org/details/groks327 Wed, 11 Jun 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:20 Developing clean energy is a major challenge for policy makers and scientists. On this program, Dr. Lester Brown discussed clean energy technology. In addition, Prof. Diandra Leslie-Pelecky discussed the physics of NASCAR. http://www.archive.org/details/groks326 Wed, 04 Jun 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:59 Solving complex problems can be aided by the use of visual tools. However, these methods are often unknown outside of the scientific and engineering arenas. On this program, Dan Roam discussed visual problem solving. http://www.archive.org/details/groks325 Wed, 28 May 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:45 Developing alternative energy sources will require extensive capital resources. On this program, Matthew Feller discussed methods for carbon sequestration. In addition, Miriam Horn discussed developing capital infrastructure for alternative energy technology. http://www.archive.org/details/groks324 Wed, 21 May 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:17 Effective negotiation is a skill that is necessary for resolving conflict peacefully, but the strategies and practices of negotiation are often not properly taught. On this program, William Ury discussed the power of a positive negotiation. http://www.archive.org/details/groks323 Wed, 14 May 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:52 The current peak oil crisis has intensified the search for renewable energy sources. One possible option is nuclear power. On this program, William Sweet discussed kicking the carbon habit. http://www.archive.org/details/groks322 Wed, 07 May 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:58 The kidneys are an often unappreciated organ in the human body. But, the importance of their function becomes readily apparent when something disrupts their normal operation. On this program, Dr. Steven J. Peitzman discussed a short history of failing kidneys. http://www.archive.org/details/groks321 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:47 Developing the infrastructure of poor urban environments remains a major challenge for sustainable growth. On this program, Dr. Timothy Campbell discussed capacity building and urban development. http://www.archive.org/details/groks320 Wed, 23 Apr 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:17 The human body is regulated by multiple physiological processes that cycle throughout the day. On this program, Jennifer Ackerman discussed the science of body rhythms. http://www.archive.org/details/groks319 Wed, 16 Apr 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:56 Astronomers searching for extrasolar worlds have recently discovered several fascinating planets orbiting other stars. On this program, Dr. Jason Wright discussed the science and technology behind the search for extrasolar worlds. http://www.archive.org/details/groks318 Wed, 09 Apr 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:36 Alexander Graham Bell is widely regarded as the inventor of the telephone. However, few may know the story of Elisha Gray, who may have been the first inventor of the telephone. On this program, Seth Shulman discussed the controversy and history of the telephone. http://www.archive.org/details/groks317 Wed, 02 Apr 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:42 The exploration of Egypt and the middle east remained largely unknown to European scientists until 1798. At that time, a group of scientists, engineers, and artists began exploring the region under the leadership of Napoleon Bonaparte. On this program, Nina Burleigh discussed Napoleon, his scientists, and the exploration of Egypt. http://www.archive.org/details/groks316 Wed, 26 Mar 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:36 Degenerative diseases of the brain such as Alzheimers and Parkinsons have until recently been accepted as a normal possibility of old age. However, recent advances in modern medicine are changing this view. Preventative measures can reduce the chance of developing these diseases, and effective treatments are being developed. On this program, Dr. Marwan Sabbagh discussed methods for preventing Alzheimers disease. http://www.archive.org/details/groks315 Wed, 19 Mar 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:47 Science and sports seem strangely dissimilar, but both strive to bring out the best in human endeavors. On this program, Rick Greenwald discussed the quest for such consilience in Quantum Hoops. http://www.archive.org/details/groks314 Wed, 12 Mar 2008 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:07 Malaria has often been regarded as a third world disease. Yet, it has been found worldwide, with socioeconomic factors largely contributing to its prevalence or absence in different regions. On this program, Prof. Randall Packard discussed the history and treatment of malaria. http://www.archive.org/details/groks313 Wed, 05 Mar 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:51 As computers have become increasingly ubiquitous, so too has computer malware. How can we protect our computers from this onslaught of viruses, worms, and Trojan horses? On this program, David Perry discussed effective solutions to combat computer malware. http://www.archive.org/details/groks312 Wed, 27 Feb 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:41 Gorillas are genetically very similar to humans, however our behavior seems widely divergent. But, we may have more in common with our primate relatives than one might suspect. On this program, Andrew Grant discussed lessons from gorilla behavior. http://www.archive.org/details/groks311 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:41 Complementary and alternative medicine claims cures for ailments spanning the range from allergies to cancer. But, does scientific research support any of these claims? On this program, Prof. R. Barker Bausell discussed the problems with complementary and alternative therapies. http://www.archive.org/details/groks310 Wed, 13 Feb 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:49 Supervolcanic eruptions have the potential to drastically alter the environment and seriously affect human civilization. Understanding the geological consequences of these events continues to challenge scientists. On this program, Dr. John Savino discussed the impact of a supervolcanic eruption. http://www.archive.org/details/groks309 Wed, 06 Feb 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:44 Changes in the global environment are threatening the existence of many species of birds. But, what can be done to help? On this program, Dr. Jeffrey Wells discussed current bird conservation efforts. http://www.archive.org/details/groks308 Wed, 30 Jan 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:18 The theory of evolution states that selective pressures result in the survival of the fittest. But, what selective pressures are placed on humans? It turns out that our worst enemy may be ourselves. On this program, Wendy Northcutt discussed the Darwin Awards. In addition, Caltech scientists discussed recent advances in geek fashion. http://www.archive.org/details/groks307 Wed, 23 Jan 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:32 Sensory events are conveyed to our brains and interpreted in specialized maps of the outside world. On this program, Sandra Blakeslee discussed the function of these body maps in the brain. http://www.archive.org/details/groks306 Wed, 16 Jan 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:32 The discovery of the Peking Man fossils in China was a landmark discovery for archaeologists and anthropologists. On this program, Dr. Amir Aczel discussed the discovery of the fossils and the tale of one of the main investigators involved in the project, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. http://www.archive.org/details/groks305 Wed, 09 Jan 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:10 Written language has evolved as a unique human trait for communicating ideas. But, how have human brains evolved to read and write? On this program, Prof. Maryanne Wolf discussed the evolution and development of the reading brain. http://www.archive.org/details/groks304 Wed, 02 Jan 2008 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:25 Economics is often viewed as the dismal science, but everyday decisions are often guided or aided by economic considerations. On this program, Prof. Tyler Cowen discussed incentive economics. http://www.archive.org/details/groks303 Wed, 26 Dec 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:50 The relationship between China and the United States has far reaching implications in terms of politics, economics, and technology. On this program, Prof. June Dreyer from the University of Miami discussed Sino-US relations. http://www.archive.org/details/groks302 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:26 Mathematics may appear to be constructed on absolute foundations derived from first principles. But, are mathematical tenets as absolute as they seem? On this program, Gaurav Suri discussed the philosophical implications of ambiguity in math. http://www.archive.org/details/groks301 Wed, 12 Dec 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:15 Music has powerful emotive and expressive qualities that transcend its description as a purely physical phenomenon. This is of course due to how the brain processes musical information. On this program, Prof. Daniel Levitin discussed the musical brain. http://www.archive.org/details/groks300 Wed, 05 Dec 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:38 Space travel is quickly becoming part of private enterprise, with several entrepreneurs developing technologies that will enable future space flight. On this program, Michael Belfiore discussed the development of the privatized space industry. http://www.archive.org/details/groks299 Wed, 28 Nov 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:20 Gratitude and thankfulness are often in short supply. But, what can science tell us about increasing our sense of thankfulness? On this program, Prof. Robert Emmons discussed the psychology of gratitude. http://www.archive.org/details/groks298 Wed, 21 Nov 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:42 Medical practitioners must put the interests of their patients first and foremost. But, do doctors always follow this maxim? On this program, Dr. Joshua Spanogle joined us to discuss issues in medical ethics. http://www.archive.org/details/groks297 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:35 Scientific observation of the planets in our solar system has a long and florid history. With the increased exploration of the planets, fascinating insights have quickly emerged. On this program, Dr. Richard Corfield presented the natural history of the solar system. http://www.archive.org/details/groks296 Wed, 07 Nov 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:33:25 Science relies on empirical evidence to support its central theories and tenets, while religious belief relies on the faith of the believer. Can these two separate worldviews be reconciled? On this program, Dr. Francis Collins, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute discussed science and religious faith. http://www.archive.org/details/groks295 Wed, 31 Oct 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:19 Changes in the ocean environment are rapidly affecting the well being of both human and marine life. On this program, Kenneth R. Weiss from the L.A. Times examined the altered oceans. http://www.archive.org/details/groks294 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:41 There are some facts that are common knowledge, but these often turn out to be completely wrong. When does common knowledge become general ignorance? On this program, John Lloyd and John Mitchinson from the BBC program, QI, will discuss the book of general ignorance. http://www.archive.org/details/groks293 Wed, 17 Oct 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:23 Early childhood is the period when most of the mental faculties of the brain are formed. Yet, much of our education takes place much later in life. What can be done to assure a bright childhood? On this program, Dr. Jill Stamm discussed early childhood learning and development. http://www.archive.org/details/groks291 Wed, 03 Oct 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:53 Heart disease and depression seem like unrelated ailments. However, new research is finding that the occurrence of one can result in the manifestation of the other. On this program, Dr. Lawson Wulsin discussed the link between heart disease and depression. http://www.archive.org/details/groks290 Wed, 26 Sep 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:23 The theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin has served as the basis for modern biological research. But, is evolution at odds with religious beliefs? On this program, Prof. Francisco Ayala from U.C. Irvine discussed Darwin and Religion. http://www.archive.org/details/groks289 Wed, 19 Sep 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:24:45 While most might experience revulsion by fecal matter, the constitution of poo can actually tell a lot about gastrointestinal health. On this program, Dr. Anish Sheth and Josh Richmond discussed the science of poo. http://www.archive.org/details/groks288 Wed, 12 Sep 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:54 Collaboration in business is important for the development of ideas and products. Technological innovations are facillitating this process. On this program, Don Tapscott discussed Wikinomics and how mass collaboration is changing business. http://www.archive.org/details/groks287 Wed, 05 Sep 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:26 Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous molecule in the body that is involved in several important physiological processes. However, diseases may arise when the regulation of nitric oxide is disrupted. On this program, Prof. Martin Pall from Washington State University discussed the role of nitric oxide in disease. http://www.archive.org/details/groks286 Wed, 29 Aug 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:44 Space travel has typically relied on conventional high energy routes, known as Hohmann Transfers, to move their payloads. However, low energy routes do exist and are currently being explored. On this program, Dr. Ed Belbruno from NASA discussed low energy space flight. http://www.archive.org/details/groks285 Wed, 22 Aug 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:25 Surgical procedures, while often necessary for curing ailments, can sometimes be over-prescribed by clinicians. On this program, Peter Moore, editor at Mens Health, discussed unnecessary surgeries. http://www.archive.org/details/groks284 Wed, 15 Aug 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:22:34 The invention of the telescope 400 years ago opened a window to the universe that continues to amaze and enlighten. On this program, Dr. Geoff Andersen discussed the history and invention of the telescope. http://www.archive.org/details/groks283 Wed, 08 Aug 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:39 How does the US stack up to others in energy efficiency? Arthur Rosenfeld joined us again to discuss some of the encouraging lessons in energy development around the world. http://www.archive.org/details/groks283_986 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:10 Cancer is a disease that strikes fear by its mere mention. But, rapid advances in medical science are developing new treatments. On this program, Prof. David Nathan from Harvard MGH discussed new cancer therapies. http://www.archive.org/details/groks282 Wed, 25 Jul 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:35 Continued developments in space exploration hold the promise for advancing human knowledge about the universe. But, how can humans reconcile these findings with their past beliefs. On this program, Prof. Albert Harrison discussed science, religion, and folklore in space exploration. http://www.archive.org/details/groks281 Wed, 18 Jul 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:28 Evolution continues to be a contentious idea in modern society, especially in the United States, where it has spurred numerous legal battles over the right to teach the competing concept of Intelligent Design in public schools. On this program, Matthew Chapman discussed evolution vs. intelligent design in the Kitzmiller v. Dover Board of Education case. http://www.archive.org/details/groks280 Wed, 11 Jul 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:05 While the incident that occurred in Roswell, NM is now 60 years old, theories and rampant speculation remain as to what occurred. On this program, Donald Schmitt discussed investigations into the Roswell incident. Special note: this is our -Independence Day- episode. If you do not get the joke, search the Internet Movie Database. http://www.archive.org/details/groks279 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:22 The Richter Scale is well known to anyone who has experienced an earthquake. But, most are unaware of the man who invented the scale. On this program, Dr. Susan Hough discussed the life and science of Dr. Charles Richter. http://www.archive.org/details/groks278 Wed, 27 Jun 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:24 Since the launch of Sputnik in 1957, human space endeavors have rapidly evolved. On this program, Dr. Martin Collins discussed the history of the space age. http://www.archive.org/details/groks277 Wed, 20 Jun 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:51 The occurrence of preventable disease in the United States can be lowered by simple lifestyle changes. On this program, Dr. Raymond Francis discussed the project to end disease. http://www.archive.org/details/groks274 Wed, 13 Jun 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:34 Setting energy policy continues to be a challenge for government officials. On this program, Dr. Arthur Rosenfeld, California Energy Commissioner, discussed energy policy. http://www.archive.org/details/groks276 Wed, 06 Jun 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:20:18 Crickets, cicadas, and katydids are the noise makers among the insects. But, how are their sounds distinguished from one another? On this program, Lang Elliot discussed the songs of insects. http://www.archive.org/details/groks275 Wed, 30 May 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:24:15 Archaeological findings have generally focussed on the prehistoric activities of males, while neglecting those of females. However, recent archaeological findings are challenging this framework. On this program, Jake Page discussed these new archaeological findings. http://www.archive.org/details/groks273 Wed, 23 May 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:37 Dark matter and dark energy comprise most of the known universe. But, what are the constituents of dark matter and energy? On this program, Dr. Dan Hooper from Fermilab discussed the dark cosmos. http://www.archive.org/details/groks271 Wed, 16 May 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:24:07 Mathematical puzzles are not usually associated with entertainment. However, the Rubik Cube continues to amaze, confound, and entertain. On this program, Tyson Mao discussed solving the Rubik Cube. http://www.archive.org/details/groks272 Wed, 09 May 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:33 What is the appropriate market mechanism for moving away from a fossil fuel economy? On this program, Lester Brown from the Earth Policy Institute discussed how carbon taxes could better represent the true cost of energy. http://www.archive.org/details/groks270 Wed, 02 May 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:03 Morality often is considered a sociological issue. However, recent advances in neurobiology are demonstrating that human brains are innately constructed for morality. On this program, Prof. Marc Hauser from Harvard University discussed the biology of morality. http://www.archive.org/details/groks269 Wed, 25 Apr 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:07 Pets often perplex their human companions with their eccentric behavior. On this program, Dr. Marty Becker discussed the intricacies of pet behavior. http://www.archive.org/details/groks268 Wed, 18 Apr 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:42 Bubbles created via the process of cavitation have many applications. On this program, Prof. Christopher Brennen from Caltech discussed the physics of cavitation. http://www.archive.org/details/groks267 Wed, 11 Apr 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:24:13 The sources of emotional pain are wide and varied, but are firmly rooted in the deepest centers of the brain. Treating such mental anguish thus requires accessing these deeply ingrained structures. On this program, Drs. Arthur and France Janov discussed Primal Healing. http://www.archive.org/details/groks266 Wed, 04 Apr 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:57 The problem of evil has confounded philosophers and scientists alike. Is there a biological basis for evil? On this program, Prof. David Buss discussed the biology of evil. http://www.archive.org/details/groks265 Wed, 28 Mar 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:24:31 The work of Poincare on the three-body problem later became the framework for studying chaotic systems. Since then, mathematicians have made progress in these and other dynamical systems. On this program, Mason Porter talked about exciting developments in this field. Travis Heime also discussed condensed matter physics. http://www.archive.org/details/groks264 Wed, 21 Mar 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:50 Environmentalists have been concerned about pollution in the sea and the depletion of fisheries, but are these worries overblown? On this program, Stacey Viera of the National Fisheries Institutes, explains the health effects of mercury and NOAA work in promoting sustainable fishing. http://www.archive.org/details/groks263 Wed, 14 Mar 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:19 Scientists estimate that one-third of today's increase in greenhouse gas emissions come from changes in the land-use. One way to sequester the carbon emissions is plant more trees but are other crops better suited? On this program, special correspondent Terry Yen talks about the promise of anthropogenic peat. http://www.archive.org/details/groks262 Wed, 07 Mar 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:17 Disease has a negative connotation in evolutionary thought. But, in some instances, a selective advantage may be conferred by disease processes. On this program, Dr. Sharon Moalem discussed the survival of the sickest. http://www.archive.org/details/groks261 Wed, 28 Feb 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:37 A huge potential for our energy needs lies at the bottom of the ocean in the form of methane hydrates. But what happens when the ocean burps and large amounts of natural gas are liberated into the atmosphere? On this program, MBARI scientist Charles Paull discusses how these greenhouse gases could be abruptly released. http://www.archive.org/details/groks260 Wed, 21 Feb 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:35 Do I have a chance with them? Should I drink the milk at the back of the refrigerator? Solving everyday problems like these can be especially problematic without the proper tools. Luckily, math can provide the answer. On this program, Garth Sundem discussed mathematical solutions to everyday problems. http://www.archive.org/details/groks259 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:24:03 Size matters... especially in biology. But the dimensions of living organisms are often disregarded, while it is arguably essential to their study. On this program, Prof. John Tyler Bonner discussed why size matters in biology. http://www.archive.org/details/groks258 Wed, 07 Feb 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:20:48 Altruistic behavior is seemingly at odds with the classic notion of evolution. How can altruism be reconciled with the survival of the fittest? On this program, Prof. Lee Alan Dugatkin discussed the altruism equation. http://www.archive.org/details/groks257 Wed, 31 Jan 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:51 Billions and billions of years ago, stars in the universe created elements that scattered throughout the galaxies. Until recently, these dust particles from the early universe were frozen in comets. On this program, Dr. Andrew Westphal discussed the StarDust project, the challenges in collecting comet dust and the surprising discoveries made from these samples. http://www.archive.org/details/groks256 Wed, 24 Jan 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:58 Tracking the evolutionary changes that give rise to new species has become more refined with the advent of molecular biological tools. Changes in DNA sequences over time can now be measured across species to provide a genetic picture of evolution in action. On this program, Prof. Sean B. Carroll discussed these new findings. http://www.archive.org/details/groks255 Wed, 17 Jan 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:13 For many technophiles, Christmas comes a couple weeks after the fact. At Macworld 2007, we saw a glimpe of what future telephony will look like, but at the same time, developers have products ready to go. On this program, Jon Philips from MacLife magazine discussed current trends in computing. Also, Kevin Ford talked about advanced telephone systems. http://www.archive.org/details/groks254 Wed, 10 Jan 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:06 Let it snow, let it snow, let it snow. But, what are the physical processes that underlie the formation of snowflakes, and how can this process be reproduced? On this program, Prof. Kenneth Libbrecht from Caltech discussed the physics of snowflakes. http://www.archive.org/details/groks253 Wed, 03 Jan 2007 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:04 Most of us know earthquakes by their groundbreaking nature, but what has intrigued seismologists recently are silent earthquakes. On this program, Prof. Paul Segall discussed the significance of these imperceptible ground movements. In addition, Chuck McMinn discussed combined heat and power systems at Vineyard29. http://www.archive.org/details/groks252 Wed, 27 Dec 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:42 The origin of our belief systems may have strong biological underpinnings. On this program, Prof. Andrew Newberg discussed the biology of our beliefs. http://www.archive.org/details/groks251 Wed, 20 Dec 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:34 Technological changes are occuring at a rapid pace, and keeping up with those changes is a challenge to even the most astute technophile, not to mention those averse to technology. On this program, the technology folks, Martina and John, discussed dealing with technology. http://www.archive.org/details/groks250 Wed, 13 Dec 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:04 The growing disparities in health care provided by primary care physicians has caused some to offer a service known as concierge medicine. But, this potential cure may result in more problems than solutions. On this program, Dr. Robin Cook discussed the problems with concierge medicine. http://www.archive.org/details/groks249 Wed, 06 Dec 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:33:18 Quantum computing makes use of the unique quantum states of a molecular system to store information. On this program, Dr. Michael Hartmann discussed quantum information theory. In addition, Chin Ong discussed the agricultural merits of bamboo. http://www.archive.org/details/groks248 Wed, 29 Nov 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:54 The prevalent image of old age is one of infirmity, but studies of centenarians demonstrate that a vibrant lifestyle is possible. On this program, Dr. Maoshing Ni discussed everyday habits for ensuring a long and healthy life. http://www.archive.org/details/groks247 Wed, 22 Nov 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:19 The role of science in government has often been neglected. The Union of Concerned Scientists is a group that brings scientific opinion to major policy issues. On this program, Prof. Kurt Gottfried, chair of the UCS, discussed science representation in the government. In addition, Vikram Kukarni discussed geotechnical engineering. http://www.archive.org/details/groks246 Wed, 15 Nov 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:43 Biomedical research often encounters vocal opposition from both sides of the political spectrum. On this program, Prof. Lee Silver discussed the clash of science and spirituality in biological research. http://www.archive.org/details/groks245 Wed, 08 Nov 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:53 While the United States has lagged in deploying renewable energy into its economy, others have pursued a more aggressive policy of lowering greenhouse gas emissions. On this program, Craig Morris discussed Germany and their move toward solar and wind power. http://www.archive.org/details/groks244 Wed, 01 Nov 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:01 Oil dependence has ramifications beyond those of transportation. A shortage in its supply can affect many areas, including agriculture, business, and urban design. On this program, James Howard Kunstler will discuss this long emergency. http://www.archive.org/details/groks243 Wed, 25 Oct 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:32:03 How did the universe begin? How will it end? And, what do we do in the mean time? On this program, Prof. P. James Peebles from Princeton University discussed cosmology, dark matter, and the large scale universe. http://www.archive.org/details/groks242 Wed, 18 Oct 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:09 Global health care disparaties are all to evident, made even more stark by the remarkable advances in medical science. But, what can be done to resolve these global health care inequities? On this program, Dr. Edward O'Neill, Jr. discussed global health care solutions. http://www.archive.org/details/groks241 Wed, 11 Oct 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:51 What better way is there to celebrate the Big Bang than with a Nobel Prize. On this program, Prof. Alex Filipenko commented on the 2006 prize in physics. Prof. Caroline Kane joined us to discuss the chemistry prize. Finally, Nobel laureate Prof. Peter Doherty discussed how to win the Nobel Prize. http://www.archive.org/details/groks240 Wed, 04 Oct 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:01 The devastating tsunami that engulfed southeast asia in 2004 has heightened awareness of the range and magnitude of this catastrophe. But, how can such events be ameliorated in the future? On this program, Dr.Patricio Bernal and Prof. Robert Dalrymple discussed tsunami warning methods. In addition, Nicola Stuber discussed night flying contribution to greenhouse gas, and Patricia Schultz discussed 1000 places to visit before you die. Finally, Robert Bullock discussed the Taiwan Film Festival. http://www.archive.org/details/groks239 Wed, 27 Sep 2006 08:01:01 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:55 Chance occurrences often dramatically effect our daily lives. But, how can we evaluate randomness and weigh its influence appropriately? On this program, Prof. Jeffery S. Rosenthal discussed probability theory. http://www.archive.org/details/groks238 Wed, 20 Sep 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:47 Cosmological theories address how the universe was created, and what awaits for the future. What do recent advances tell us about the universe? On this program, Prof. Joel Primack and Nancy Abrams discussed the view from the center of the universe. http://www.archive.org/details/groks237 Wed, 13 Sep 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:14 Conspiracy theories surrounding the 9-11 tragedy have taken on a life of their own, divorced from the empirical data. Do these theories have any basis in fact? On this program, James Meigs, editor-in-chief of Popular Mechanics, debunked these conspiracy myths. http://www.archive.org/details/groks236 Wed, 06 Sep 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:45 Billions of people around the world still do not have access to basic power or commmunications. On this program, Laura Mellow joins us to talk about the Inveneo efforts to bring internet access to developing regions of the world. http://www.archive.org/details/groks235 Wed, 30 Aug 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:48 Happiness as a state of being often defies attempts to attain it, leading most on an ever elusive quest. On this program, Dr. Matthieu Ricard, biochemist and Buddhist monk translator for the Dalai Lama, discussed the science of happiness. http://www.archive.org/details/groks234 Wed, 23 Aug 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:29 The recent debate over what defines a planet has been partially motivated by the discovery of a candidate tenth planet. On this program, Dr. Ken Croswell discussed this newly discovered tenth planets. http://www.archive.org/details/groks233 Wed, 16 Aug 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:45 Stem cells have the potential to cure many diseases, but viable therapies are mainly still experimental, especially those involving umbilical cord blood stem cells. On this program, Dr. David Steenblock discussed these stem cell therapies. http://www.archive.org/details/groks232 Wed, 09 Aug 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:18 Ethics is a sometimes nebulous concept in the world of business, where it is often shunned at the expense of the bottom line. On this program, Prof. Tom Morris discussed the philosophy of ethics. http://www.archive.org/details/groks231 Wed, 02 Aug 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:32:26 The Templeton prize is awarded every year for advances in our understanding of the intersection of religion and science. On this program, Nobel laureate Prof. Charles Townes from U.C. Berkeley joined to discuss science, religion, and the Templeton prize. http://www.archive.org/details/groks230 Wed, 26 Jul 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:30 The discovery of a Martian meteorite in Antartica over a decade ago ignited the public imagination when it was claimed that the meteorite held signs of life. On this program, Kathy Sawyer discussed the story of the rock from Mars. http://www.archive.org/details/groks229 Wed, 19 Jul 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:51 The internet has become a venue where one can obtain just about anything. On this program, Craig Newmark, founder of Craigslist, discussed the internet marketplace. In addition, Prof. Margaret Torn from Lawrence Berkeley Labs discussed new models of global warming. http://www.archive.org/details/groks228 Wed, 12 Jul 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:37 While science continues to push the boundaries of human knowledge, most of us puzzle over more entertaining questions, like does anything eat wasps? On this program, Ivan Semeniuk gives the last word on these everyday science questions. http://www.archive.org/details/groks227 Wed, 05 Jul 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:55 Art and science are inexorably intertwined, with advances in one often inspiring advances in the other. Nowhere is this more evident than in the work of Leonardo da Vinci. On this program, Prof. Bulent Atalay discussed math and the Mona Lisa. http://www.archive.org/details/groks226 Wed, 28 Jun 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:14 Domestic wiretapping has become an incendiary issue. What are the rights of the people and the government in this regard? And, how effective is the technology? On this program, Jack ONeill discussed the Echelon wiretapping system. http://www.archive.org/details/groks225 Wed, 21 Jun 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:04 The connection between inflammation and aging may be related in part by the foods we eat. On this program, Dr. Nicholas Perricone discussed his theory for a healthy diet. http://www.archive.org/details/groks224 Wed, 14 Jun 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:45 The sun is currently a middle-aged star, and will inevitably decline as all stars must. But, it may be possible to extend the stellar lifetime. On this program, Joe Pappalardo discussed the life cycle of stars. http://www.archive.org/details/groks223 Wed, 07 Jun 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:41 Grassroots journalism has been enabled by the internet. The potential impact of citizen media is far and wide-ranging, as discussed on this episode with Dan Gilmor. http://www.archive.org/details/groks222 Wed, 31 May 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:29 Understanding the key concepts in science requires a knowledge of the language of science. On this program, Steve Kleinedler discussed science words every college graduate should know. http://www.archive.org/details/groks221 Wed, 24 May 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:32:18 All countries are eligible for membership into the World Health Organization (WHO) with one notable exception. On this program, Dr. Julin Tang and Dr. Sophia Yen discussed the Taiwanese efforts to join this health organization. http://www.archive.org/details/groks220 Wed, 17 May 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:11 One little hormone can make a big difference in the life of men, especially when those levels start to drop. On this program, Dr. Shafiq Qaadri joined us to discuss the testosterone factor. http://www.archive.org/details/groks219 Wed, 10 May 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:19 SARS may have faded from our memory, but many key lessons can be learned from the outbreak of 2003. Karl Taro Greenfeld joined us on this program to talk about his firsthand experiences in China reporting this epidemic. http://www.archive.org/details/groks218 Wed, 03 May 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:03 Celiac disease is a disorder caused by the inability to tolerate gluten. The effects of the disease are wide ranging, resulting from the inability to absorb certain nutrients. On this program, Rory Jones discussed this hidden epidemic. http://www.archive.org/details/groks217 Wed, 26 Apr 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:39 Organizations across the country are sponsoring activities for Earth Day. On this episode, Erica Pringsheim-Moors from the California State Parks Foundation joined us to talk about their activities. Also, Max Rosenblum talked with Dan Woods about the Maker Faire. http://www.archive.org/details/groks216 Wed, 19 Apr 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:07 Traveling near the speed of light may soon be possible thanks to recent theoretical advances. On this program, Dr. Franklin Felber discussed the physics of near light-speed travel. http://www.archive.org/details/groks215 Wed, 12 Apr 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:30 In spite of the controversies surround the ethics of animal cloning, progress has been made in reproducing animals through their genetic material. On this program, biologist Sir John Gurden joined us to talk about developmental biology and challenges to cloning. http://www.archive.org/details/groks214 Wed, 05 Apr 2006 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:01 Alan Turing was a prominent figure in the development of the computer, and is well known for many important computing concepts, including the famous Turing Test. On this program Prof. David Leavitt discussed the life of Alan Turing. http://www.archive.org/details/groks213 Wed, 29 Mar 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:02 Preserving wildlife populations that are displaced or actively diminished by human activity remains essential for maintaining biodiversity. Nowhere is this more evident than in Africa, where many wildlife species are being driven to extinction by human activity. On this program, Paul Raffaele discussed wildlife preservation in Africa. http://www.archive.org/details/groks212 Wed, 22 Mar 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:21 Our solar system contains nine acknowledged planets, each with their own unique personalities that continue to inspire scientists. On this episode, Dava Sobel discussed her perspective of the planets. http://www.archive.org/details/groks211 Wed, 15 Mar 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:28 The evolution of human behavior is easily highlighted in comparative studies with our nearest relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos. On this program, Prof. Frans de Waal discussed Our Inner Ape. http://www.archive.org/details/groks210 Wed, 08 Mar 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:21 The Constitution guarantees five fundamental freedoms, but a free culture requires openness amongst its citizens. On this program, Mitch Kapor discussed the Open Source movement as it pertains to software and other aspects of technology and life. http://www.archive.org/details/groks209 Wed, 01 Mar 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:45 Faster than a speeding bullet? Able to leap tall buildings in a single bound? Superman may be confined to the comics, but could his superpowers exist in the natural world? On this program, Prof. James Kakalios discussed the Physics of Superheroes. http://www.archive.org/details/groks208 Wed, 22 Feb 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:47 Symmetry or parity is intriguing, not only in the arts and music, but also in science and the natural world. Interestingly, parity may not be conserved between the mirror images of molecules and consequently their energies would not be equivalent. On this program, Professor Harris and Gina discussed how parity violation could be observed using sum frequency generation experiments. http://www.archive.org/details/groks207 Wed, 15 Feb 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:35 The afterlife is generally the subject of theology, but what can science contribute to the issue? On this program, Mary Roach discusses the science of the afterlife. http://www.archive.org/details/groks206 Wed, 08 Feb 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:31 Last year, 2005, has now been confirmed as the warmest year on record, but what must be done to stop this dangerous trend of global warming? Profs. Carl McDaniel and Stephen Schneider joined us on this program to discuss how these climate issues are best communicated to the public. http://www.archive.org/details/groks205 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:39 While scientific inquiry leads to the rational explanations for natural phenomena, the political interpretation of science often leads to chaos. On this program, Chris Mooney discussed the Republican War on Science. http://www.archive.org/details/groks204 Wed, 25 Jan 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:23:51 Which Nobel Laureate was also a voice on The Simpsons? The answer is our guest Dudley Herschbach, who joined us to talk about molecular dynamics and voting systems. http://www.archive.org/details/groks203 Wed, 18 Jan 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:33:23 The iPod is certainly an iCon, but a cult? On this episode, Leadner Kahney discussed the most popular music player in the world and his new book, The Cult of the iPod. http://www.archive.org/details/groks202 Wed, 11 Jan 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:15 The efficiency of the stock market is a topic of much debate among economists. Yet, a scientific approach to betting effectively may maximize returns in an imperfect market. On this program, William Poundstone discussed the Kelly Formula for optimal investing. http://www.archive.org/details/groks201 Wed, 04 Jan 2006 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:52 Global warming is a larger threat than terrorism, according to our guest Sir David King, science advisor to UK Prime Minister Tony Blair. On this program, he discussed the indicators of this worldwide threat and counters the skeptics of climate change. http://www.archive.org/details/groks200 Wed, 28 Dec 2005 08:01:08 PST science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:55 Besides his physical theories, Einstein is also well known for his considered pacificsm. With the world year of physics drawing to a close, we explored Einstein and his theology with our guest, John Brinster. http://www.archive.org/details/groks199 Wed, 21 Dec 2005 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:37 Is nuclear chemistry an oxymoron? On this program, Dr. Cynthia Gong described this little-known but important field of science and discussed Deinococcus radioduran, one of the most radiation resistant lifeforms known. http://www.archive.org/details/groks198a Wed, 14 Dec 2005 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:47 Although the internet is often viewed as a knowledge warehouse, the potential as a social medium is being explored by those interested in social networks. On this program, Jerry Michalski discussed social networks and the future of the internet. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks197 Wed, 07 Dec 2005 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:41 The brain is composed of millions of neurons that are connected at specialized structures called synapses. The discovery of the synapse by Ramon y Cajal won him the Nobel Prize, but not without a contentious debate from another Nobel laureate, Camillo Golgi. On this program, Dr. Richard Rapport discussed the discovery of the nerve endings. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks196 Wed, 30 Nov 2005 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:55 Weather forecasting may not be an exact science, but resources for encountering extreme weather changes have been around a long time. On this episode, Professor Garrison Sposito discussed the conditions leading to the recent hurricanes in North America and the government response. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks195 Wed, 23 Nov 2005 01:14:22 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:25 In the year 1905, Albert Einstein published five papers that changed the face of modern physics and led to two Nobel Prizes, including one for Einstein himself. On this program, Prof. John Stachel discussed Einstein and the importance of each of these papers. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks194 Wed, 16 Nov 2005 21:38:20 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:35:55 The Berkeley Science Review publishes articles on the complete range of science and engineering activity occuring on the U.C. Berkeley campus. On this episode, Charlie Emrich and Jess Porter, editors at the BSR, discussed science journalism. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks193 Wed, 09 Nov 2005 08:01:08 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:41 Solving a murder often requires analysis from forensic scientists. On this program, Dr. Frederick Zugibe, the former Chief Medical Examiner of Rockland County, discussed the techniques of forensic science. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks192 Wed, 02 Nov 2005 00:48:19 PST http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:17 Condensed matter physics deals with the interactions of matter at microscopic scales. On this program, Nobel laureate, Prof. Douglas Osheroff, discussed condensed matter physics. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks191 Wed, 26 Oct 2005 00:13:25 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:35 Cosmological views of the universe have evolved from ideas as simple as a flat earth to current notions that accede the possibilty of multiple universes. On this program, Prof. David Park discussed the history of cosmology. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks190 Wed, 19 Oct 2005 08:01:40 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:31:44 Current trends in urbanization are unsustainable with current practices. Randy Hayes, Oakland Sustainability Director, discussed his efforts at rainforest protection and urban sustainability. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks188 Wed, 12 Oct 2005 12:07:49 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:25 The Nobel Prizes 2005. Professor Barney Grubbs discussed his father winning the Chemistry Prize. Professor Yuen-Ron Shen discussed the Physics Prize. And, Mary Miller joined us to to talk about the Nobel Prize Exhibit on display at the Exploratorium. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks187 Wed, 05 Oct 2005 08:01:53 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:27:15 Creativity often requires venturing into the unknown. Nobel Prize winner Martin Pearl gives advice for up and coming scientists and thinkers. Terry Hazen also joined us to talk about pathogen detecting technology. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks189 Wed, 28 Sep 2005 08:01:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:38 Nanotechnology innovations have the potential to revolutionize daily living. But, separating the science from the science fiction is a challenge both for scientists and investors. On this program, Dr. Matthew Laudon and Darrell Brookstein discussed the promise of nanotechnology. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks186 Wed, 21 Sep 2005 10:32:47 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:34:24 Nature has evolved without an electrical power grid, but can humans learn to live without one as well? Todd Jersey, architect and designer, joined us to talk about permaculture. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks185 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 08:02:08 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:06 Despite the setbacks with the space shuttle, NASA is continuing to expand its missions in other ways. On this program, George Larson, editor of Air and Space Smithsonian magazine, discussed the recent developments at NASA. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks184 Wed, 07 Sep 2005 09:15:55 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:25:46 Subsidies have a mixed history of success. But with the California Solar Roofs bill SB1 currently under debate in the California State Assembly, there are expectations that this government initiative will make photovoltaic technology affordable for everyone. Jesse Quay from Sun Light and Power explains the economics and technology behind solar photovoltaic panels. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks183 Wed, 31 Aug 2005 19:51:40 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:00 The physical laws governing planetary motion were first defined by Johannes Kepler using the data of Tyco Brahe. On this program, Joshua and Anne-Lee Gilder discussed this discovery and the controversy surrounding it. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks182 Wed, 24 Aug 2005 09:30:24 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:32:58 What does it take to be a genius? Barbara Goldsmith joins us to explore the world of Marie Curie in her book Obsessive Genius. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks181 Wed, 17 Aug 2005 16:03:55 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:00 Deep sea exploration was pioneered by two men, William Beebe and Otis Barton. The remarkable story of their adventure into the deep sea abyss was discussed on this program with Brad Matsen. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks180 Wed, 10 Aug 2005 12:42:36 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:39 While science often strives to reveal the best elements of nature, it often can reveal the worst. On this program, Mark Frauenfelder discussed some of the worst science. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks179 Wed, 03 Aug 2005 20:42:36 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:21 While the recent shuttle launch marks a momentary return for NASA to manned space flight, private enterprise is not far behind. The world altitude record was broken by Burt Rutan and SpaceShipOne, claiming the Ansari X-Prize. On this program, Brian Binnie, the pilot, discussed breaking the world altitude record. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks178 Wed, 27 Jul 2005 11:55:56 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:30:52 It takes a very special person to be a fine man. The bar is set by none other than the physicist Richard P. Feynman. On this program, his daughter Michelle Feynman talks about the life of her father and her recent book The Feynman Letters: Perfectly Reasonable Deviations from the Beaten Track. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks177 Wed, 20 Jul 2005 20:21:11 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:28:38 Vineyards across Europe were nearly destroyed in the late 1800s by a pestilent aphid known as Phylloxera vastatrix. The scientific quest to discover a remedy and save wine for the world was discussed on this program with Mr. Christy Campbell http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks176 Wed, 13 Jul 2005 06:16:48 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:29:13 Albert Einstein was not only known for pushing the boundaries of science, he is also remembered for his insights into humanity, love, and pacifism. On this program, Ms. Alice Caliprice discussed The New Quotable Einstein. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks175 Wed, 06 Jul 2005 06:12:47 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling 00:26:02 Stem cell research is an international endeavor, and one country leading the way is Scotland. On this program, Dr. Ken Snowden discussed Scotland biotechnology innovations. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks174 Wed, 29 Jun 2005 13:54:43 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling While solar energy may be one of the most viable forms of renewable energy, it has not yet reached the level of affordability for most consumers. On this program, Monique Sullivan discussed this issue and the million home solar energy initiative. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks173 Wed, 22 Jun 2005 13:40:25 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling The history of the personal computer has strong roots in the societal changes that occurred during the 1960s. On this program, Prof. John Markoff discussed the 60s counterculture and the personal computing revolution. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=groks172 Wed, 15 Jun 2005 21:04:39 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ science Charles Lee and Frank Ling The 21st century is regarded by many as the Pacific Century. But, the emergence of China as a superpower offers opportunities and risks. In this roundtable, Takesato Watanabe, Adam Gamble, Scott Savitt, and Richard Kiwata discusses Japan-China relations, their respective media, and the power of the internet to transform their relationship. http://www.archive.org/details-db.php?mediatype=audio&identifier=Groks170 Wed, 08 Jun 2005 14:33:26 PDT http://creativecommons.org/licenses/