https://scialert.net Plant Pathology Journal en-us Science Alert Wed, 10 Jun 2026 18:11:57 +0200 Wed, 10 Jun 2026 18:14:14 +0200 RssPublisher 0.2.0 beta https://scialert.net/images/logo.gif https://scialert.net 41 233 Plant Pathology Journal Pathogenic Diversity of Xanthomonas sp. Infecting Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Susceptibility of Genotypes Released in Côte d'Ivoire Background and Objective: Bacterial blight caused by the genus Xanthomonas is one of the main biotic constraints of cashews in Côte d'Ivoire. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of cashew genotypes to various isolates of Xanthomonas sp. in Côte d'Ivoire. Materials and Methods: Cashew tree nurseries, consisting on the one hand of “all-round” genotypes and the other hand of high-producer genotypes A24, A27 and A30, arranged in a greenhouse, were used as plant material for the various inoculations. A total of 44 Xanthomonas sp. isolates were used for pathogenicity testing. The inoculation was carried out using a 1 mL syringe topped with gum. A bacterial inoculum of 0.5 mL of each isolate, with a concentration of 10⁸ CFU mL^–1, was infiltrated into young cashew leaves. At the same time, control was set up with plants whose leaves were infiltrated with sterile distilled water. Inoculation tests were repeated three times. Results: This experiment evaluated symptom onset time, incidence and severity index. The 44 Xanthomonas sp., isolates tested showed their pathogenicity in the marking zones where infiltrations were made on the different cashew genotypes tested after 30 days of incubation. Multivariate analysis generated four pathogenicity groups for the 44 isolates and two susceptibility groups for the cashew genotypes tested. Conclusion: These results suggested that these genotypes are susceptible to cashew bacterial blight in Côte d'Ivoire and that there is variability in the expression of pathogenicity among isolates of the causal agent.]]> https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ppj.2024.1.11 10 June, 2026 Characteristic of Two Monosporascus species Associated with Vine Decline of Melon in Kurdistan Region Iraq Background and Objective: The 2 species of the genus Monosporascus (M), Monosporascus cannonballus and Monosporascus eutypoides, were discovered and characterized in the rhizospheres of melon-producing fields in the Kurdistan area of Northeast Iraq. The primary objective of this study was to characterize and compare the morphology of Monosporascus cannonballus and Monosporascus eutypoides, both of which were isolated from sick melon roots and to evaluate their pathogenicity on melon seedlings. Materials and Methods: A study on vine decline disease was conducted from 2020 to 2022 in 198 cantaloupe fields in 44 locations randomly chosen from 11 districts of the Iraqi Kurdistan Regions. Estimation of disease prevalence based on plant visuals was made. Isolation from the roots was completed by morphological and molecular testing for isolates of Monosporascus cannonballus and Monosporascus eutypoides. Pathogenicity was tested on greenhouse-inoculated plants. The prevalence percentage was calculated and the results of PCR analysis were evaluated through standard statistical methods. Results: Fertile perithecia and globose smooth ascospores varying in color from dark brown to black were common features across melon field isolates and cultures resembling both Monosporascus cannonballus and Monosporascus eutypoides. Distinct variations in ascospore amount per ascus between the two species were detected. The ITS and LSU sections were amplified using designated primers, allowing for identification. Greenhouse investigations with artificial root inoculation demonstrated sensitivity to Monosporascus cannonballus and Monosporascus eutypoides, proving they are harmful to melon seedlings. Conclusion: The pathogenic effect of Monosporascus cannonballus and Monosporascus eutypoides on melon seedlings and revealed their presence in melon fields, giving important information for future studies and agricultural management.]]> https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ppj.2024.12.21 10 June, 2026