Tech aeykay

Change date format in jquery datepicker

2012-11-28T04:49:00.002-08:00

Change date format in jquery datepicker

We can change the date format in jquery ui datepicker.

Demo:Normal JQuery ui datepicker

Date:

Demo:Changed JQuery ui datepicker

Date:

SQL Difference between Union & Union All

2012-11-15T04:21:00.002-08:00

SQL Difference between Union & Union All

The union and union all operators allow you to combine multiple data sets. The difference between the two is that union sorts the combined set and removes duplicates while union all does not.

With union all, the number of rows in the final data set will always equal the sum of the number of rows in the sets being combined.[Learning SQL By Alan Beaulieu]

When using the UNION command all selected columns need to be of the same data type.

For example :

X	Y	UNION	UNION ALL
A	B	A	A
A	B	B	A
B	A	-	B
-	-	-	B
-	-	-	B
-	-	-	A

Union all is faster than union, union's duplicate elimination requires a sorting operation, which takes time.

Difference between SQL Truncate & SQL Delete

2012-11-07T01:26:00.003-08:00

SQL - Difference between Truncate & Delete

1. TRUNCATE is a DDL (Data Definition Language) command and DELETE is a DML (Data Manipulation Language) command.

2. You can use WHERE clause with DELETE but not with TRUNCATE .

3. You cannot rollback data in TRUNCATE but in DELETE it is possible to rollback data.

4. A trigger doesn't get fired in case of TRUNCATE whereas Triggers get fired in case of a DELETE command.

5. TRUNCATE is faster than DELETE. TRUNCATE is faster than DELETE due to the way TRUNCATE "removes" rows. Actually, TRUNCATE does not remove data, but rather deallocates whole data pages and removes pointers to indexes. The data still exists until it is overwritten or the database is shrunk. This action does not require a lot of resources and is therefore very fast.

6. TRUNCATE resets the Identity counter if there is any identity column present in the table where DELETE does not reset the identity counter.

7. You cannot TRUNCATE a table that has any foreign key constraints. You will have to remove the contraints, TRUNCATE the table, and reapply the contraints.

8. DELETE and TRUNCATE operations are both logged. DELETE is a logged operation on a per row basis and TRUNCATE command logs the deallocation of the data pages in which the data exists.

How to format datetime & date in Sql Server 2005

2012-11-07T01:21:00.002-08:00

– Microsoft SQL Server T-SQL date and datetime formats

– Date time formats – mssql datetime 

– MSSQL getdate returns current system date and time in standard internal format

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 100) – mon dd yyyy hh:mmAM (or PM)

                                        – Oct  2 2008 11:01AM          

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 101) – mm/dd/yyyy - 10/02/2008                  

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 102) – yyyy.mm.dd – 2008.10.02           

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 103) – dd/mm/yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 104) – dd.mm.yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 105) – dd-mm-yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 106) – dd mon yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 107) – mon dd, yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 108) – hh:mm:ss

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 109) – mon dd yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmmAM (or PM)

                                        – Oct  2 2008 11:02:44:013AM   

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 110) – mm-dd-yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 111) – yyyy/mm/dd

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 112) – yyyymmdd

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 113) – dd mon yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmm

                                        – 02 Oct 2008 11:02:07:577     

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 114) – hh:mm:ss:mmm(24h)

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 120) – yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss(24h)

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 121) – yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.mmm

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 126) – yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.mmm

Javascript search Function in keyup event

2012-10-12T06:18:00.002-07:00

Script:

<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

$(document).ready(function()
{
$('#searchbox').keyup(function()
{
searchTable($(this).val());
});
});
function searchTable(inputVal)
{
var table = $('#search');
table.find('tr').each(function(index, row)
{
var allCells = $(row).find('td');
if(allCells.length > 0)
{
var found = false;
allCells.each(function(index, td)
{
var regExp = new RegExp(inputVal, 'i');
if(regExp.test($(td).text()))
{
found = true;
return false;
}
});
if(found == true)$(row).show();else $(row).hide();
}
});
}
</script>

<label >Find By Name/Company Name</label><input type="text" id="searchbox" />

demo:

Find By Name/Company Name

Name	Company Name
karthik	aeykay technologies
Gowshik Sundar	CTS
Jegan	Wipro
Mahesh	TCS

Facebook Like Time Ago Function C#

2012-10-12T06:02:00.001-07:00

This is a small time ago function which return a date time value in a readable way as facebook,twitter and most of the forum sites..eg(1 day ago,1 min ago etc).used c# programming language..

C#

public static string TimeAgo( DateTime date)

{

TimeSpan timeSince = DateTime.Now.Subtract(date);

if (timeSince.TotalMilliseconds < 1)

return "not yet";

if (timeSince.TotalMinutes < 1)

return "just now";

if (timeSince.TotalMinutes < 2)

return "1 minute ago";

if (timeSince.TotalMinutes < 60)

return string.Format("{0} minutes ago", timeSince.Minutes);

if (timeSince.TotalMinutes < 120)

return "1 hour ago";

if (timeSince.TotalHours < 24)

return string.Format("{0} hours ago", timeSince.Hours);

if (timeSince.TotalDays == 1)

return "yesterday";

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 7)

return string.Format("{0} days ago", timeSince.Days);

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 14)

return "last week";

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 21)

return "2 weeks ago";

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 28)

return "3 weeks ago";

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 60)

return "last month";

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 365)

return string.Format("{0} months ago", Math.Round(timeSince.TotalDays / 30));

if (timeSince.TotalDays < 730)

return "last year";

//last but not least...

return string.Format("{0} years ago", Math.Round(timeSince.TotalDays / 365));

}

private void check()

{

DateTime date=Convert.ToDateTime("10/11/2012 4:15:47 PM");

string b= TimeAgo( date);

Response.Write(b);

}

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

check();

}

Output:
you will get out as 1 day ago,1 week ago etc etc...

JavaScript Date and Time Functions

2012-10-12T05:45:00.003-07:00

script:

<script type="text/javascript">

function startTime()
{
var montharray=new Array("January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December")

var today=new Date();
var h=today.getHours();
var m=today.getMinutes();
var s=today.getSeconds();
var d=today.getDate();
var mo=today.getMonth();
var ye=today.getFullYear();
// add a zero in front of numbers<10
mo=montharray[today.getMonth()];
d=checkTime(d);
ye=checkTime(ye);
m=checkTime(m);
s=checkTime(s);
h=checkTime(h);
var hour;
if(h == 0) {hour = 12;var ap = " AM";}
else if(h <= 11) {ap = " AM";hour = h;}
else if(h == 12) {ap = " PM";hour = 12;}
else if (h >= 13) {hour = (h - 12);ap = " PM";}
if(h >= 13) {hour = h - 12;}

document.getElementById('txt').innerHTML=d+"/"+mo+"/"+ye+" Time is: "+hour+":"+m+":"+s+ap;
t=setTimeout('startTime()');
document.getElementById('dat').innerHTML=d;
document.getElementById('mon').innerHTML=mo;
}

function checkTime(i)
{
if (i<10)
{
i="0" + i;
}
return i;
}

window.onload=startTime;
</script>

Demo:

Download SQLHelper Class

2012-10-09T02:48:00.000-07:00

Microsoft .net framework consists of ADO .NET which enables the developer to interact with the database. ADO .NET provides many rich features that can be used to retrieve and display data in a number of ways. Apart from the flexibility provided by the ADO .NET, sometimes we find ourselves repeating the same code again and again. For this reason Microsoft introduced SQL helper class which can be used to perform common task in with less code. You can Download SQLHelper Class in this link.
Download SQLHelper Class
SQLHelper class is used to select/insert/update the data from database. It contains the methods which return different objects like Dataset, SqlDataReader, Integer etc at the end of the method. It also contains methods for adding parameter to SQL Command with different parameters and contains the method to set the parameter value.
Download SQLHelper Class

Download SQLHelper Class

Bad word Filteration –Using SQL Function

2012-10-08T01:25:00.000-07:00

A wordfilter (sometimes referred to as just "filter" or "censor") is a script typically used on Internet forums or chat rooms that automatically scans users' posts or comments as they are submitted and automatically changes or censors particular words or phrases.

The SQL replace Function is use to replace a string.to filter bad word in a sentence ,first create a table and insert a list of words to be replaced…

Example: Create Query:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[FILTERWORD](

[string] [nvarchar](100) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,

[replacement] [nvarchar](100) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL

)

Result Table:

SQL Function for filtering a particular word in a sentence:

Create FUNCTION [dbo].[filter](@word varchar(max))

RETURNS varchar(50)

BEGIN

declare @cnt varchar(MAX)

SELECT @cnt = REPLACE(@words,string,replacement)

FROM FILTERWORD;

return @cnt;

END

Execution Query:

declare @word varchar(50)

set @word='he is a stupid boy'

select dbo.filter(@word)

Result:

SQL Split Function

2012-10-08T00:26:00.001-07:00

The SQL Split Function is use to SPLIT a string based on the Delimeter such as comma,hyphen etc.

Delimeter is a string character which is used to identify substring limits in the given string.

SQL Function to split a string:

create function [dbo].[split2](@id varchar(1000),@sym char)

returns @result table(id varchar(12))

begin

declare @len int

declare @lenstr varchar(1000)

declare @charindex int

declare @splindex int

declare @startindex int

declare @lenstr1 int

set @lenstr1=1

set @lenstr=@id

while(@lenstr1!=0)

begin

if(charindex(@sym,@lenstr)!=0)

begin

set @charindex=(charindex(@sym,@lenstr)-1)

set @splindex=len(@lenstr)-(charindex(@sym,@lenstr))

set @startindex=charindex(@sym,@lenstr)+1

end

else

begin

set @charindex=len(@lenstr)

set @startindex=1

set @splindex=len(@lenstr)

set @lenstr1=0

end

if ((substring(@lenstr,1,@charindex))!='')

begin

insert into @result(id)values(substring(@lenstr,1,@charindex))

end

set @lenstr=substring(@lenstr,@startindex,@splindex)

end

return

end

Execution Query:

select * from Split2('a,e,y,k,a,y',',')

Result:

Bike Race Game Script

2012-09-29T02:52:00.002-07:00

Superfishing Game Script

2012-09-28T23:21:00.002-07:00

Dot Net FrameWork

2012-09-28T00:17:00.002-07:00

The .NET Framework has two main components: the
1)Common Language Runtime (CLR) and the
2).NET Framework class library.

The .NET Framework provides a Runtime environment called the Common Language Runtime or (CLR) that handles the execution of the code and provides useful services for the implementation of the application.

CLR:

The Runtime can be considered an agent that manages code at execution time. Thus providing core services such as memory management, thread management, and remoting. Also incorporating strict type safety, security and robustness.

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of the .NET framework. All .NET programs execute under the supervision of the CLR, guaranteeing certain properties and behaviors in the areas of memory management, security, and exception handling.

Class Library:
The class library is a comprehensive collection of reusable types that you can use to develop traditional command-line, WinForm (graphical user interface) applications, Web Forms and XML Web services.

CTS:

Common Type System (CTS) describes how types are declared, used and managed. CTS facilitates cross-language integration, type safety, and high performance code execution.

CLS:

The CLS is a specification that defines the rules to support language integration. This is done in such a way, that programs written in any language (.NET compliant) can interoperate with one another. This also can take full advantage of inheritance, polymorphism, exceptions, and other features.
Language Independence
The .NET Framework introduces a Common Type System, or CTS. The CTS specification defines all possible datatypes and programming constructs supported by the CLR and how they may or may not interact with each other. Because of this feature, the .NET Framework supports the exchange of instances of types between programs written in any of the .NET languages.

Base Class Library
The Base Class Library (BCL), part of the Framework Class Library (FCL), is a library of functionality available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The BCL provides classes which encapsulate a number of common functions, including file reading and writing, graphic rendering, database interaction and XML document manipulation.

Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)
Main article: Common Language Infrastructure
The purpose of the Common Language Infrastructure, or CLI, is to provide a language-neutral platform for application development and execution, including functions for exception handling, garbage collection, security and interoperability. By implementing the core aspects of the .NET Framework within the scope of the CLI, this functionality will not be tied to a single language but will be available across the many languages supported by the framework. Microsoft's implementation of the CLI is called the Common Language Runtime ocrl

As you all know that in .net there are different compilers like for c#-csc vb-vbc etc after your code is complied it will convert to MSIL code which is independent this MSIL code will goes to CLR & this CLR is platform dependent i.e for unix platform you should have unix type of CLR for windows like the same so we can say that .net code isplatform independent.

PacMan Game Script.

2012-09-25T05:31:00.000-07:00

Game Script:
<script src="//www.gmodules.com/ig/ifr?url=http://learningphp.freehosting.com/pacman.xml&synd=open&w=500&h=500&title=PacMan&border=%23ffffff%7C3px%2C1px+solid+%23999999&output=js"></script>

Demo:

Accept Only Alphabets In Text-Box

2012-09-18T21:37:00.000-07:00

This is example used to validate a textbox which contain a alphabets.
Javascript

function AllowAlphabet(e)
{
isIE=document.all? 1:0 keyEntry = !isIE? e.which:event.keyCode;
if (String.fromCharCode(keyEntry).match(/^[a-zA-Z]+$/) || keyEntry == 8 || keyEntry == 32 || keyEntry == 0)
{ return true;
} else
{ return false; }
}

Html Code:

<input type="text" id="txtemail" onkeypress="return AllowAlphabet(event)" />

Demo:

Javascript Email Validation

2012-09-18T21:30:00.003-07:00

This is example used to validate a textbox which contain a valid or in-valid email address.
Javascript:

function validate()
{
var EmaiAddress=document.getElementById("txtemail").value; var RegExEmail =/\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*/;
if (!RegExEmail.test(EmaiAddress))
{
alert("Please Enter Valid E-mail Adress");
document.form1.txtemail.focus();
return false;
}
else
{
alert("Valid Email");
}
}

Html Code:

<input type="text" id="txtemail" />
<input type="button" onclick="return validate();"/>

Demo:

Accept only numbers in an textbox.

2012-09-18T21:12:00.002-07:00

This javascript function is used to make an text-box to accept number alone.

JavaScript:

function isNumberKey(evt)
      {
         var charCode = (evt.which) ? evt.which : event.keyCode
         if (charCode > 31 && (charCode < 48 || charCode > 57))
            return false;

         return true;
      }

<input type="text" Onkeypress="return isNumberKey(event)"/>


Demo:

Stop Marquee Tag On Hover Function

2012-09-18T20:49:00.000-07:00

This example allows the user to stop the marquee tag function.when mouse hover with their cursor (i.e. onmouseover). The marquee then continues when the user hovers away from the marquee (i.e. onmouseout).
Javascript Code:

<div class="demo" style=" cursor:pointer;">
                    <marquee id="mymarquee" behavior="scroll" direction="left" scrollamount="3" width="500"><p onMouseOver="document.getElementById('mymarquee').stop();" onMouseOut="document.getElementById('mymarquee').start()"><span style="color:#006633;"> Self- Actualization training! Must for students, corporate executives, business people, self employed & all success loving people! Visa to ACHIEVEMORE!
                  </span> Drink our special green teas! Instant, delicious & only Rs.3/- per cup. Make you energetic, youthful, healthy & live long!</p></marquee></div>

Demo:

Self- Actualization training! Must for students, corporate executives, business people, self employed & all success loving people! Visa to ACHIEVEMORE! Drink our special green teas! Instant, delicious & only Rs.3/- per cup. Make you energetic, youthful, healthy & live long!

SQL Datediff Function

2012-09-18T03:49:00.001-07:00

The DATEDIFF function is used to calculate the difference between two date in SQL Server. The syntax is given below

DATEDIFF (datepart, expression1, expression2)

<expression1> and <expression2> is some date, time, or datetime.

datepart	abbreviation
year	yy, yyyy
quarter	qq, q
month	mm, m
dayofyear	dy, y
day	dd, d
week	wk, ww
hour	hh
minute	mi, n
second	ss, s
millisecond	ms
microsecond	mcs
nanosecond	ns
TZoffset	tz
ISO_WEEK	isowk, isoww

Example:

Query: SELECT DATEDIFF(day, '2012-09-18','2012-09-28');

OUTPUT:10

SQL DATEADD Function

2012-09-18T03:38:00.000-07:00

The DATEADD function is used to add an interval to a date in MS SQL SERVER

The usage for the DATEADD function is

DATEADD (datepart, number, expression)

where the data type of <expression> is some type of date, time, or datetime. <number> is an integer (can be positive or negative). <datepart> can be one of the following:

datepart	abbreviation
year	yy, yyyy
quarter	qq, q
month	mm, m
dayofyear	dy, y
day	dd, d
week	wk, ww
hour	hh
minute	mi, n
second	ss, s
millisecond	ms
microsecond	mcs
nanosecond	ns
TZoffset	tz
ISO_WEEK	isowk, isoww

The result returned has the same data type as <expression>.

SQL DATEADD Syntax
DATEADD ( datepart , number, date )

Query:SELECT DATEADD(Year, 3, '2012-06-04')

OUTPUT Value = 2015-06-04 00:00:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(Month, 3, '2012-06-04')

OUTPUT Value = 2012-09-04 00:00:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(dayofyear,3, '2012-06-04')

OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-07 00:00:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(Day, 3, '2012-06-04')

OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-07 00:00:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(Week, 3, @DateNow)
OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-25 00:00:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(Hour, 3, @DateNow)
OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-04 03:00:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(minute, 3, @DateNow)
OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-04 00:03:00.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(second, 3, @DateNow
OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-04 00:00:03.000

Query:SELECT DATEADD(millisecond, 3, @DateNow)
OUTPUT Value = 2012-06-04 00:00:00.003

Returns a new datetime value based on adding an interval to the specified date.

How to fix CommandTimeout in SQL Management studio

2012-09-17T23:39:00.005-07:00

Their are several reason for timeout error, can you check what you have configured in your

SQL Server for timeout!!
Also check what is connection timeout option you have define in your connection string,
and if you are accesing it from SSMS go to

Tools->options->Query Execution->
Select Query Execution from tree on left side and enter command timeout in "Execute Timeout" control

change the value of Command Timeout in Server:

In the object browser tree right click on the server which give you timeout and select "Properties" from context menu.
Now in "Server Properties -....." dialog click on "Connections" page in "Select a Page" list (on left side). On the right side you will get property
Remote query timeout (in seconds, 0 = no timeout):
[up/down control]
you can set the value in up/down control.

SQL CREATE INDEX

2012-09-17T05:53:00.001-07:00

SQL CREATE INDEX

One of the most important thing to increase a high performance in a SQL Server database is
creating index to table . index is used to speed up the query process in the sql data
tables, used to find data quickly.(eg)i had an very big query of joining some 5 to 6 sql
tables.when i had little amount of data in those tables i finds the query processing was
good .later on data in those table data where increased day by day.finally i got an [TIME
OUT ERROR].default sql query processing time is 30 seconds.a query have to process with in
that time.we have option to increase processing time.my query took 57 seconds for
executing.then i created index for the necessary column.now i get my query output in 20
seconds.

The CREATE INDEX statement is used to create indexes in Sql database tables.index is used
in the database to retrive the data faster when search query rised it will serach the
table without reading the whole table.

An index can be created in a table when ever you need the data more quickly and
efficiently from that table.index cannot be used by the user but it will be helpfull when
search queries are rised.

Eg syntex for creating an index:

CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)

Created Indexes can easily be deleted with the DROP statement.

SQL DROP INDEX

The DROP INDEX statement remove index from a database table.

Eg syntex for DROP an index:

DROP INDEX table_name.index_name

Object Oriented Concepts:

2012-09-16T02:53:00.001-07:00

Object Oriented Programming

KEY-POINT

• Uses the bottom-up approach

• Data takes precedence over the process

• Promotes Reusability

• Exploits Commonality

• Reduces Complexity

• Facilitates maintenance

Why Object oriented Programming ?

• Object oriented technology offers a new model where data and processes are integrated.

• Data and processes are packaged together to form an object.

• The object contains all the information and the data which is required to provide the functionality for which it

is designed.

Advantages of Object Oriented Programming:

• One of the principal advantages of object-oriented programming techniques over Structured Programming

techniques is that it allows programmers to create modules that do not need to be changed when a new type of

object is added. A programmer can simply create a new object that inherits many of its features from the

existing objects.

• The user dictates the flow of control to the application, thereby being very user-friendly and

providing flexibility.

• It’s considered to be more suitable for representing real world objects than Structured programming.

Features of Object Oriented Technology

• Abstraction

• Class

• Object

• Encapsulation

• Access Specifiers

• Data Hiding

• Inheritance

• Polymorphism

• Abstraction -> It denotes the essential characteristics of an object that distinguish it from all other

kind of objects and thus provide crisply defined conceptual boundaries, relative to the perspective of

the viewer. It focuses on observable behavior of an object.

• Encapsulation -> Focuses upon the implementation that gives rise to the observable behavior.

• Access Specifiers

• Data Hiding

• Inheritance -> Opens the possibility of extending and adapting object description and

implementation without changing their source code.

• Polymorphism

• Static and Dynamic Polymorphism

What is a Class ?

• Class -> It is a set of objects that share a common structure and a common

behavior.

• Data Member

• Member Methods -> denotes the service that a class offers to its client.

• A Class

• is a software template that defines the methods and variables to be

included in a particular kind of Object.

• Is a blue print used to create objects. As it is a blue print, at run

time it will not occupy any memory.

• Examples :

• Animal, Human being, Automobiles.

• Classes increase the efficiency and power of the object by:

Classifying objects

Relating objects to one another

Providing a mechanism to define and manage objects

Class Contains,

• Member Data

• Variables defined inside a class

• Normally Member data are hidden

• Member Methods

• Functions defined inside the class

• Member methods are public in nature and accessible from outside

the class

Declaring Classes
We declare classes using the following syntax:-

class < Class Name >
{

data members…

member functions…

}

Here class is a keyword.

Example Class:-

CODE :

class Student
{
    // Data Members
    public string Name;
    public int Age;

    // Member Function
    public void Display()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Name {0}\n Age {1}", Name, Age);
    }
}

What is an Object ?

• Object -> Object is an instances of a class. Thus an object is an entity that has

attributes and provide certain operations that are defined for the particular object.

• An object

• Is an unique, identifiable, self-contained entity that possesses

operations and contains attributes

• Possesses all the know-how and information it needs to perform

the services for which it was designed

• which receives and sends messages

Creating objects is similar to declaring variables and can be done using the syntax:-

<Class Name> <Object Name>= new <Class Name>;

Example:

Class Name : Student

Student S1 = new Student();

Using the Objects
We use the . (Dot) operator to access the members of the object. For example, to call the display method for the student class’s S1 object we write S1.Display();

Data members can be accessed in the similar fashion S1.Name = “Kenshin Himura”;

CODE :

namespace CSTutorials
{
    class Student
    {
        // Data Members
        public string Name;
        public int Age;

        // Member Function
        public void Display()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Name {0}\n Age {1}", Name, Age);
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Student S1;             // Declaration
            S1 = new Student();     // Instantiation

            Student S2 = new Student();     // Single line Declaration & Instantiation

            // Assigning value to member variables
            S1.Name = "Michael";
            S1.Age = 37;

            S1.Name = "Kimi";
            S2.Age = 25;

            // Invoking member function
            S1.Display();
            S2.Display();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

}

Abstraction

• Focuses upon the essential elements and characteristics of

some object, relative to the perspective of the viewer

• In Object Oriented Programming, we try to handle

complexity by using the concepts of class and object

Example:

• Take an entity as BOOK. Let us try to find out the different characteristics of the same

entity from the perspective of the viewer.

• Let us take 2 cases where the same entity BOOK can be viewed differently:

• Library System

• In this case we will be focusing on Access Number, Book Name, Author

Name

• Shopkeeper

• In this case we will be focusing on Item Number, Item Name, Price,

Quantity On Hand.

Encapsulation:

Data Encapsulation combines data and functions into a single unit called Class. When using Data Encapsulation, data is not accessed directly; it is only accessible through the functions present inside the class. Data Encapsulation enables the important concept of data hiding possible.

Encapsulation & Abstraction

Two concepts that go together in the object oriented approach are Encapsulation & Abstraction. Abstraction is the representation of only the essential features of an object, while Encapsulation is the hiding of the non-essential features.

Think of a person driving a car. He does not need to know the internal working of the engine or the way gear changes work, to be able to drive the car (Encapsulation). Instead, he needs to know things such as how much turning the steering wheel needs, etc (Abstraction).

Consider the example from the programmer’s perspective who wants to allow the user to add items to a list. The user only needs to click a button to add an item (Abstraction). The mechanism of how the item is added to the list is not essential for him (Encapsulation).

Below is a graphical representation of Encapsulation for the car class.

Implementing Encapsulation & Abstraction
Consider the countless advertisements being bombarded to viewers. The viewer does not listen to each one of them, rather only those he’s curious about. We use access specifiers to restrict the scope (visibility) of the class members.

Types of Access Specifiers

public - The members (Functions & Variables) declared as public can be accessed from anywhere.
private - Private members cannot be accessed from outside the class. This is the default access specifier for a member, i.e if you do not specify an access specifier for a member (variable or function), it will be private. Therefore, string PhoneNumber; is equivalent to private string PhoneNumber;
protected - Protected members can be accessed only from the child classes.
internal - Internal members can be accessed from anywhere within the application. This is the default access specifier for a class.

Code:

class House
{
    // Data Members
    public string DrawingRoom;
    private string Kitchen;

    // Member Functions
    private bool EnterDrawingRoom()
    {
        DrawingRoom = "The Drawing Room";
    }

    public bool EnterKitchen()
    {
        Kitchen = "The Kitchen"; /* Even though Kitchen is declared Private, EnterKitchen function
        can modify it because the member function itself has access to all other members. */
    }

}

class MainClass
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        House TheBlackHouse = new House();
        TheBlackHouse.DrawingRoom = "Main Drawing Room"; /* OK - Public Data Member is accessible
        from outside the class */
        TheBlackHouse.Kitchen = "Main Kitchen"; /* Error - Private Data Member is not accessible
         from outside the class. */
        TheBlackHouse.EnterDrawingRoom(); /* Error - Private Member Function is not accessible
        // from outside the class. */
        TheBlackHouse.EnterKitchen(); /* OK - Public Data Member is accessible from outside
        the class. */
    }
}

Inheritance

• Ability to compose new abstraction from existing one

• Implements the concept of Re-usability

• Classes are arranged in a tree like structure called a

hierarchy

• Base class:

• the class providing the implementation

• Derived class:

• the class inheriting the implementation

• Inheritance also promotes reuse. You don't have to start from scratch when you write a new

program. You can simply reuse an existing repertoire of classes that have behaviors similar to what

you need in the new program.

• Base class is also called Super Class and Derived class is called Child class.

• Derived class can also override the inherited method

• By using the concept of inheritance, it is possible to create a new class from an existing one and

add new features to it. Thus inheritance provides a mechanism for class level reusability.

public class Base
{
    int Var1;
    int Var2;
}

public class Derived : Base
{
    public void MyMethod()
    {
        Var1 = "Value";
        Var2 = "Value";
    }
}

public class Unrelated
{
    public void MyMethod()
    {
        Base B = new Base();
        B.Var1 = "Value";

B.Var2 = "Value";
}
}

Consider the following class which we'll use as a base class.

class Animal

    public Animal()

        Console.WriteLine("Animal constructor");

    public void Greet()

        Console.WriteLine("Animal says Hello");

    public void Talk()

        Console.WriteLine("Animal talk");

    public virtual void Sing()

        Console.WriteLine("Animal song");

};

Now see how we derive another class from this base class.

class Dog : Animal

    public Dog()

        Console.WriteLine("Dog constructor");

    public new void Talk()

        Console.WriteLine("Dog talk");

    public override void Sing()

        Console.WriteLine("Dog song");

};

code out.

Animal a1 = new Animal();

a1.Talk();

a1.Sing();

a1.Greet();

Animal a2 = new Dog();

a2.Talk();

a2.Sing();

a2.Greet();

//Output

Animal constructor

Animal talk

Animal song

Animal says Hello

//Output

Animal constructor

Dog constructor

Animal talk

Dog song

Animal says Hello

Inheritance : Example

• “Shape” is the root class

• “Polygon” is a derived class

from “Shape” class

• “Polygon” is the super class for

“Triangle”,

• Generalization and

Specialization are associated

with the concept of Inheritance

• In a class hierarchy, every class has a superclass except for the class at the top of the hierarchy;

this class is called the root class

• In our example, Shape is the root of the hierarchy. From the other end, the classes that don’t have

any subclasses, like Rectangle and Isosceles are called leaf classes.

Generalization and Specialization

• Consider the two classes in the

diagram (Person and Student)

• “Student” class inherits the

properties from “Person” class

• “Person” is a generalization of

“Student”

• “Student” is a specialization of

“Person”

• Specialization is the process as we go down the class hierarchy

• of maximizing the differences between members of an entity by identifying their

distinguishing characteristics

• of defining subclasses that are more refined than superclass – its specialized

• Generalization is the process as we go up in the class hierarchy

• of minimizing the differences between entities by identifying their common

characteristics

• of defining Superclass which contains common characteristics of its subclasses – its

Generalized

Multiple and Multilevel Inheritance

• Single inheritance is having

common characteristics with only

one superclass.

• Ex: Class “Quadrilateral”

• Multiple inheritance means that a

class has common characteristics

with more than one superclass

• Ex: Class “Square”

• Multilevel inheritance talks about

level of inheritance hierarchy.

• Ex: 4th Level

• Single inheritance, where each class (except the root) has one and only one superclass.

• Multiple inheritance, where a class inherits from more than one superclass.

• Multilevel inheritance, where class hierarchy goes for more than one level. The level of

hierarchy in the example shown in the slide above is 4.

Advantages of Inheritance

• Software reusability

• Design and code sharing

• Software components

• Rapid prototyping

Polymorphism

• Is the ability of different objects to respond in their own

unique way to the same message

• Implemented by overloading and overriding

• Possible because of Encapsulation and Inheritance

• Example of a class hierarchy where vehicles is the base

class and there are some classes which are derived from

vehicles. ( Car, Plane, Bicycle)

• Each of the classes need a functionality called “Stop”.

• Polymorphism allows us to send identical messages to dissimilar but related objects and achieve

identical actions while letting the software system to determine how to achieve the required action for

the given object.

• The sender of a message does not need to know the receiver's class .

• It serves the purpose of structuring systems around WHAT is to be done, and allows details about

HOW classes and methods are implemented to be hidden.

• It allows a general class to specify methods that will be common to all of its derivatives, while

allowing subclasses to define the specific implementation of some or all of those methods.

• Explanation of the above Example :

• All vehicles offered an operation “stop”.

• Implementation of the “stop” method will be different for different classes.

• At runtime user will invoke a method “stop”.

• The effect is that upon receiving the message the object knows to which class it belongs

to, and thus executes the “stop” method for its own class.

• Message is the same called “stop” but which method is going to get invoked depends upon which

type of class the object is sending the message.

• Message is the same but the execution might vary depending upon the derived class

implementation.

• Different Object Oriented Languages use different

concepts of implementing polymorphism

• Function Overloading

• Operator Overloading

• Function Overriding

•C++ supports all the above features where as java does not support Operator Overloading.

Function/Method Overloading

• Ability to define two or more methods with the same

names and different signatures

• Signature means number of arguments, type of

arguments and sequence of arguments

• Ex:

1. void disp(int ix);

2. void disp(int ix,int iy);

3. void disp(int x,char cy);

4. void disp(char cx,int iy);

• Method Overloading

• When a Class is having more than one method with the same name but of different

signature.

• Function prototype 1 and 2 differ in number of arguments

• Function prototype 2 and 3 differ in type of arguments

• Function prototype 3 and 4 differ in sequence of arguments

• Definition Given by IEEE:

• To assign an operator, identifier or literal more than one meaning, depending upon the

data types associated with it at any given time during program execution.

CODING:

using System;

namespace CalculateMax

{

  class CalculateMax

  {

    public int Max(int number1, int number2)

    {

      if(number1 > number2)

{ 

return number1;

}

else

{

return number2;

}

}

public float Max(float number1, float number2)

{

if(number1>number2)

{

return number1;

}

else

{

return number2;

}

}

}

class MaxCalc

{

static int Main(string[] args)

{

CalculateMax calc = new CalculateMax();

Consol;e.WriteLine(("{0}",calc.Max(5.4F,8.6F));

//Both function calls differ

Console.WiteLine("{0}",calc.Max(19,21));

//Only in their parameters

Console.ReadLine();

return 0;

}

}

}

Operator Overloading

• Operator overloading in the language gives a new meaning

for the operands of a specific class

• Operator overloading provides a way to define and use

operators such as +, -, *, /, and [] for user defined types

such as classes

• Some of the OOP languages support this

• It's common to define a meaning for an existing operator for objects of a new class.

• We want to use the operators for user defined data types (user defined class) also.

• C++ supports overloading of operators where as java does not allow this.

Overriding

• Process of defining the methods with the same name and

signature in derived class which already exists in the

Base/Parent class

• Process of re-defining the methods in the derived class

• Methods must have argument lists with the identical type

and order as the superclass

• Subclasses can alter or override information inherited from parent classes for exceptional cases

• All mammals give birth to young ones

• Some mammals lay eggs

• The ability of a subclass to override a method in its superclass allows a class to inherit from a

superclass whose behavior is "close enough" and then override methods as needed.

• When you override a method of a superclass you should honor the intended behavior of the method.

Example in C++:

class animal

{

protected:

int speed;

char color[20];

public:

virtual void init_speed()

{

}

virtual void init_color()

{

}

};

In the above example, both the method( init_speed() and init_color() ) are overridden in the derived

classes called “Dog” and “Tiger”.

class dog:public animal

{

public:

void init_speed()

{

speed=40;

cout<<"Speed of a dog is "<<speed<<endl;

}

void init_color()

{

strcpy(color,"Black");

cout<<"Color of a dog is "<<color<<endl;

}

};

In the above example, both the method( init_speed() and init_color() ) are overridden in the derived

classes called “Dog” and “Tiger”.

class tiger:public animal

{

public:

void init_speed()

{

speed=90;

cout<<"Speed of a Tiger is "<<speed<<endl;

}

void init_color()

{

strcpy(color,"White");

cout<<"Color of a Tiger is "<<color<<endl;

}

};

In the above example, both the method( init_speed() and init_color() ) are overridden in the derived

classes called “Dog” and “Tiger”.

Example to understand Polymorphism:

using System;

public class Customer

{

public virtual void CustomerType()

{

Console.WriteLine("I am a customer");

}

public class CorporateCustomer : Customer

{

public override void CustomerType()

{

Console.WriteLine("I am a corporate customer");

}

public class PersonalCustomer : Customer

{

public override void CustomerType()

{

Console.WriteLine("I am a personal customer");

}

public class MainClass

{

public static void Main()

{

Customer[] C = new Customer[3];

C[0] = new CorporateCustomer();

C[1] = new PersonalCustomer();

C[2] = new Customer();

foreach (Customer CustomerObject in C)

{

CustomerObject.CustomerType();

}

Binding

• Process of connecting a method call to a method body.

• Static

• Binding is performed before the program runs – Compile time

• Dynamic

• Binding is performed at the time of execution – Run time

• A binding is an association between an operation and an entity.

• The process of binding can happen either at compile time or at run time.

• Compile time binding is called as Static Binding.

• Run time binding is called as Dynamic Binding.

Static Binding

• Method calls are bound to specific computer memory

locations where methods are placed at compile time

• Leads to run-time efficiency since the compiler can

optimize code before executing it

• Function Overloading implements static binding

• Object is going to invoke which overloaded method is

decided at the time of compilation by looking at the

signature

• Every time a function call is executed, the system will jump to the location where the function code

is stored, and will execute the code.

• This is called static binding or early binding.

• Static binding is the default behavior for all C++ functions and member functions.

• Overloaded functions are implemented using static binding.

• As binding time gets earlier:

• efficiency goes up

• safety goes up

• flexibility goes down

Dynamic Binding

• The method called depends upon the type of the object

and not the type of the expression

• The type cannot always be resolved at compile time

• Dynamic binding resolves the method to be used at run-time

• Method overriding implements the concept of dynamic

binding

• Offers the advantages of flexibility and a high level of

problem abstraction

Dynamic Binding:

• Physical behavior is taken on last possible instance - Runtime

Pros and Cons of Dynamic Binding

• Pros

• Good evolution: Can easily add a new derived class with new method

implementations

• Easy to iterate over similar types of objects

• Cons

• Performance: Run-time lookup based on type

• Have to design base classes carefully—Don’t want to break derived classes

• Harder to understand code—have to study several classes

CSS Reference

2012-09-16T02:07:00.001-07:00

http://www.webappers.com/2009/08/10/70-must-have-css3-and-html5-tutorials-and-resources/
http://webdesignledger.com/tutorials/15-useful-html5-tutorials-and-cheat-sheets
http://devsnippets.com/article/designing-with-html5-css3.html
http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/how-to-make-all-browsers-render-html5-mark-up-correctly-even-ie6/
http://inspectelement.com/tutorials/code-a-backwards-compatible-one-page-portfolio-with-html5-and-css3/
http://webdesignledger.com/resources/7-useful-resources-to-help-you-learn-html5
http://webdesignledger.com/inspiration/10-html5-demos-to-make-you-forget-about-flash
http://webdesignledger.com/tutorials/13-pure-css-techniques-for-creating-javascript-like-interactions
http://slides.html5rocks.com/#landing-slide
http://blog.templatemonster.com/2010/06/16/25-html5-tutorials-techniques/video Tutorial
http://www.html5trends.com/views/html5-and-future-of-web-from-brad-neuberg/
http://www.html5trends.com/webapps/need-html5-templates-have-a-look-at-html5-boilerplate/
http://www.html5trends.com/tutorials/eight-html5-features-youve-never-seen-before/
http://www.html5trends.com/tutorials/adding-style-to-your-html5-page/
http://designinstruct.com/web-design/code-a-vibrant-professional-web-design-with-html5css3/
http://html5doctor.com/video-canvas-magic/
http://www.canvasdemos.com/type/tutorials/
http://thinkvitamin.com/mobile/master-class-html5-mobile-web-apps/?utm_source=Tweetie&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+vitaminmasterfeed+%28Think+Vitamin%29&utm_content=Twitter

Java Script-Basic

2012-09-16T02:05:00.003-07:00

javaScript is Web scripting language .which is used in creating an interactive website.and its a client side scripting langjavascript is case sensitive language.Common uses of JavaScript include:
* Alert messages
* Popup windows
* Dynamic dropdown menus
* Form validation
* Displaying date/time

Structure of script:
script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"
JavaScript code
/script

eg:
<html>
<body>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

                                                    </script>
                                                       </body>
                                                       </html>