All For Programer

Processor Socket

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 08:03:00 +0000

Processor sockets

Please select socket type below to view detailed socket information.

CPU Sockets
Socket	Pin count	CPU families	Frequency (MHz)	Bus Frequency (MHz)
Slot 1 / SC242	242	Intel Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium III	233 - 1133	66 - 133
Socket 7	321	AMD K5 / K6 / K6-2 / K6-III Cyrix 6x86, 6x86L, 6x86MX, MII IBM 6x86, 6x86L, 6x86MX IDT Winchip 2, Winchip C6 Intel Pentium, Pentium MMX Rise Technology MP6 ST 6x86	75 - 570	50 - 100
Socket 370	370	Intel Celeron Intel Pentium III VIA C3	300 - 1500	66 - 133
Socket 423 (PGA423)	423	Intel Pentium 4	1300 - 2000	400
Socket A (Socket 462)	462	AMD Athlon AMD Athlon MP AMD Athlon XP AMD Athlon XP-M AMD Duron AMD Geode NX AMD Mobile Athlon 4 AMD Mobile Duron AMD Sempron	600 - 2333	200 - 400
Socket 478 (mPGA478B)	478	Intel Celeron Intel Celeron D Intel Embedded Celeron Intel Mobile Celeron Intel Mobile Pentium 4 Intel Mobile Pentium 4-M Intel Pentium 4 Intel Pentium 4 Extreme Edition	1200 - 3467	400 - 800
Socket 479 / mPGA479M	479	Intel Celeron M, Core 2 Duo Mobile, Core Duo, Core Solo, Mobile Celeron, Pentium Dual-Core Mobile, Pentium III-M, Pentium M, VIA C7	866 - 2333	133 - 667
Socket 563 / PGA563	563	Athlon XP-M	1000 - 1800	200 - 333
Socket 754	754	AMD Athlon 64 AMD Mobile Athlon 64 AMD Mobile K8 Athlon XP-M AMD Mobile Sempron AMD Sempron AMD Turion 64 Mobile technology	1000 - 2600	800 (HT)
Socket 775 (LGA775)	775	Intel Celeron Intel Celeron D Intel Celeron Dual-Core Intel Core 2 Duo Intel Core 2 Extreme Intel Core 2 Quad Intel Pentium 4 Intel Pentium 4 Extreme Edition Intel Pentium D Intel Pentium Dual-Core Intel Pentium Extreme Edition Intel Xeon	1600 - 3800	533 - 1600
Socket 939	939	AMD Athlon 64 AMD Athlon 64 FX AMD Athlon 64 X2 AMD Dual-Core Opteron AMD Opteron AMD Sempron	1800 - 3000	800 (HT)
Socket 940	940	AMD Athlon 64 FX AMD Dual-Core Opteron AMD Opteron	1400 - 3000
Socket 1155 (Socket H2)	1155	Intel Celeron Dual-Core Intel Core i3 Intel Core i5 Intel Core i7 Intel Pentium Dual-Core Intel Xeon	1200 - 3700
Socket 1156 (LGA1156)	1156	Intel Celeron Dual-Core Intel Core i3 Intel Core i5 Intel Core i7 Intel Pentium Dual-Core Intel Xeon	1867 - 3600
Socket 1366 (LGA1366)	1366	Intel Core i7 Intel Core i7 Extreme Edition Intel Xeon	1600 - 4400	2400 (QPI) - 3200 (QPI)
Socket AM2	940	AMD Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX, Athlon 64 X2, Mobile Athlon 64 X2, K8 Sempron, Phenom X3, Phenom X4, Second Generation Opteron	1000 - 3200
Socket FM1	905	AMD A4-Series AMD A6-Series AMD A8-Series AMD Athlon II X2 AMD Athlon II X4 AMD E2-Series AMD Sempron X2	2100 - 3000
Socket G1 (rPGA988A)	988	Intel Core i3 Mobile Intel Core i5 Mobile Intel Core i7 Mobile Intel Core i7 Mobile Extreme Edition Intel Mobile Celeron Dual-Core Intel Pentium Dual-Core Mobile	1600 - 2800
Socket G2 (rPGA988B)	988	Intel Core i3 Mobile Intel Core i5 Mobile Intel Core i7 Mobile Intel Core i7 Mobile Extreme Edition Intel Mobile Celeron Dual-Core Intel Pentium Dual-Core Mobile	1500 - 3000
Socket S1 (S1g4)	638	Athlon II Dual-Core Mobile, Phenom II Dual-Core Mobile, Phenom II Quad-Core Mobile, Phenom II Triple-Core Mobile, Sempron Mobile, Turion II Dual-Core Mobile, V Series for Notebook PCs	1600 - 3200	1600 - 1800 (HT)
Socket M / mPGA478MT	478	Intel Celeron M, Core 2 Duo Mobile, Core Duo, Core Solo, Pentium Dual-Core Mobile	1466 - 2333	533 - 667

Ref: http://www.cpu-world.com/Sockets/index.html

DBCompare 1.0

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Tue, 14 Dec 2010 03:07:00 +0000

DBTABLECOMPARE 1.0

A. Aplikasi DBTableCompare 1.0

Aplikasi DBTableCompare digunakan untuk membandingkan dua buah Table dalam dua buah database yang berbeda ataupun database yang sama, yang akan menghasilkan informasi data duplikat dan komparasi data pada table yang dibandingkan.

Pada versi 1.0 ini baru mendukung proses pembandingan database hanya untuk database format database Ms. Access 2007 dan sebelumnya.

B. Antarmuka DBTableDompare 1.0

Gb1. Icon dari DBTableCompare 1.0

Gb 2. Antar Muka DBTableCompare 1.0

Ket :

Tabel 1. Tabel Daftar Label User Interface DBCompare 1.0

Free Download DBTableCompare 1.0

Variable and Structure Control in VB.NET

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Thu, 05 Jun 2008 07:33:00 +0000

Variable and Structure Control in VB.NET

Download PDF File

1. Variable

A variable can be defined as an entity that has the following six properties:

Name
Address
Type
Value
Scope
Lifetime

Variable Scope

Variables (and constants) have a scope, which indicates where in the program the variable is

recognized or visible to the code, that is, where it can be referred to in code.

Local variables: block-level and procedure-level scope

If a variable is declared inside a code block (a set of statements that is terminated by an End...,Loop, or Next statement), then the variable has block-level scope ; that is, it is visible only within that block.

For example, consider the following code:

If x <> 0 Then

Dim rec As Integer

rec = 1/x

End If

MsgBox CStr(rec)

In this code, the variable rec is not recognized outside the block in which it is defined, so the final statement produces an error.

Module-level and project-level scope

We first note that a standard module itself can be declared using one of the access modifiers Public, Friend, or Private (this is the default). Using such a modifier simply restricts the individual members to that level of access at most. Thus, for instance, a Public variable declared in a Friend module has only Friend scope.

Private access

A variable declared in the Declarations section of a standard module using the Private access modifier has module-level scope; that is, it is visible in the entire module, but nowhere else. Using the Dim keyword also gives the variable module-level scope, but its use is not as clear and should be avoided for readability sake.

Friend access

A variable declared in the Declarations section of a standard module using the Friend access modifier is visible in the entire project and thus has project-level scope. However, it is not visible to other projects.

Public access

A variable declared in the Declarations section of a Public standard module using the Public access modifier is visible not only to the project in which it is declared, but also to any external project that holds a reference to the project. For instance, consider the following module declared in Project1:

Public Module Module1

Public iModulePublic As Integer

Friend iModuleFriend As Integer

End Module

If Project2 has a reference to Project1, then we can write:

Project1.Module1.iModulePublic = 100

However, the code:

Project1.Module1.iModuleFriend = 100

generates a "not accessible" syntax error.

Declaring Variables and Constants

A variable declaration is an association of a variable name with a data type. In and of itself, this does not imply variable creation. However, for nonobject variables, a variable declaration does create a variable. A declaration such as:

Dim x As Integer

creates an Integer variable named x. We can also write:

Dim x As Integer = New Integer( )

which emphasizes the role of the constructor function for the Integer data type. (The constructor is the function that VB .NET uses to create the variable.)

When multiple variables are declared on the same line, if a variable is not declared with an explicit type declaration, then its type is that of the next variable with an explicit type declaration. Thus, in the line:

Dim x As Long, i, j, k As Integer, s As String

the variables i, j, and k have type Integer. (In VB 6, the variables i and j would have type Variant, which is VB 6's default data type.)

VB .NET permits the initialization of variables in the same line as their declaration (at long last!). Thus, we may write:

Dim x As Integer = 5

to declare an Integer variable and initialize it to 5. Similarly, we can declare and initialize more than one variable on a single line:

Dim x As Integer = 6, y As Integer = 9

Note that in this case, each variable that you declare must explicitly be assigned a data type. You cannot assign each variable an explicit value without explicitly declaring the data type of each variable.

Data Types

Value and Reference Types

The types defined in the CTS fall into three categories:

Value types
Reference types
Pointer types

However, pointer types are not implemented in VB, so we will not discuss these types. The difference between value and reference types is how variables of the corresponding type represent that type. When a value-type variable is defined, as in:

Dim int As Integer = 5

a memory location is set aside to hold the actual data (in this case the number 5). In contrast, when a reference-type variable is defined, as in:

Dim obj As New CEmployee

the VB compiler creates the object in memory, but then sets the variable obj to a 4-byte memory location that contains the address of the object.

In short, value-type variables contain the data, whereas reference-type variables point to the data. The following lists the data types supported by VB .NET, along with their underlying .NET type, storage requirements, and range of values:

Simple Data Types in Visual Basic

Numeric data type
Integer data type
Floating-point data type
Boolean data type
Character data type

2. Arithmetic Operator

Operator	Example	Description
+	Net + Disc	Adds two values
-	Price - 4.00	Subtracts one value from another value
*	Total * Fact	Multiplies two values
/	Tax / Adjust	Divides one value by another value
^	Adjust ^ 3	Raises a value to a power
& (or +)	Name1 & Name2	Concatenates two strings

3. Logic Operator

*Operator*	*Usage*	*Description*
And	If (A > B) And (C <>	Produces True if both sides of the And are true. Therefore, A must be greater than B and C must be less than D. Otherwise, the expression produces a false result.
Or	If (A > B) Or (C <>	Produces True if either side of the Or is true. Therefore, A must be greater than B or C must be less than D. If both sides of the Or are false, the entire expression produces a false result.
Not	If Not(strAns = "Yes")	Produces the opposite true or false result. Therefore, if strAns holds "Yes", the Not turns the true result to false.

4. Selection

The If Statement

If makes decisions. If a comparison test is true, the body of the If statement executes. (In fact, the previous sentence is almost identical to Visual Basic's If statement!) Here is one format of If:

If comparisonTest Then

One or more Visual Basic statements

End If

Example :

If (intUnitsSold > 10000) Then

sngBonus = 50.00

End If

The If Statements Else Branch

If comparisonTest Then

One or more Visual Basic statements

Else

One or more Visual Basic statements

End If

Example :

If (intDivNum = 3) Or (intDivNum = 4) Then

curDivTotal = curDivSales3 + curDivSales4

curGrandDivCosts = (curDivCost3 * 1.2) + (curDivCost4 * 1.4)

Else

curDivTotal = curDivSales1 + curDivSales2

curGrandDivCosts = (curDivCost1 * 1.1) + (curDivCost5 * 1.9)

End If

Multiple Choice with Select Case

Select Case Expression

Case value

One or more Visual Basic statements

Case value

One or more Visual Basic statements

[Case value

One or more Visual Basic statements]

[Case Else

One or more Visual Basic statements]

End Select

Example :

Select Case intAge

Case 5: lblTitle = "Kindergarten"

Case 6: lblTitle = "1st Grade"

Case 7: lblTitle = "2nd Grade"

Case 8: lblTitle = "3rd Grade"

Case 9: lblTitle = "4th Grade"

Case 10: lblTitle = "5th Grade"

Case 11: lblTitle = "6th Grade"

Case Else: lblTitle = "Advanced"

End Select

Two Additional Select Case Formats

Select Case Expression

Case Is Relation:

One or more Visual Basic statements

Case Is Relation:

One or more Visual Basic statements

[Case Is Relation:

One or more Visual Basic statements]

[Case Else:

One or more Visual Basic statements]

End Select

Select Case Expression

Case expr1 To expr2:

One or more Visual Basic statements

Case expr1 To expr2:

One or more Visual Basic statements

[Case expr1 To expr2:

One or more Visual Basic statements]

[Case Else:

One or more Visual Basic statements]

End Select

Example :

Select Case intAge

Case Is <5: span=""> lblTitle.Text = "Too young"

Case 5: lblTitle.Text = "Kindergarten"

Case 6 To 11: lblTitle.Text = "Elementary"

lblSchool.Text = "Lincoln"

Case 12 To 15: lblTitle.Text = "Intermediate"

lblSchool.Text = "Washington"

Case 16 To 18: lblTitle.Text = "High School"

lblSchool.Text = "Betsy Ross"

Case Else: lblTitle.Text = "College"

lblSchool.Text = "University"

End Select

5. Procedure

Sub procedure_name(parameter)

statement

End sub

6. Function

Function function_name(parameter) as typedata

Statement

End sub

7. Passing Parameter by Value and Reference

Visual Basic lets you pass arguments two ways: by reference and by value. The way you use them determines whether the receiving procedure can change the arguments so that those changes remain in effect after the calling procedure regains control. If you pass and receive by reference (the default method), the calling procedure's passed local variables may be changed in the receiving procedure. If you pass and receive by value, the calling procedure can access and change its received arguments, but those changes don't retain their effects in the calling procedure

Sub Changes (N As Integer, S As Single)

` Receives arguments by reference

N = N * 2 ` Double both

S = S * 2 ` arguments

` When the calling routine regains control,

` its two local variables will now be twice

` as much as they were before calling this.

End Sub

Sub NoChanges (ByVal N As Integer, ByVal S As Single)

` Receives arguments by value

N = N * 2 ` Double both

S = S * 2 ` arguments

` When the calling routine regains control,

` its two local variables will not be

` changed from their original values

End Sub

8. Data Type Conversion

The process of converting a value of one data type to another is called conversion or casting. A cast operator can be applied to a literal value or to a variable of a given type. For instance, we have:

Dim lng As Long

Dim int As Integer = 6

' Cast an Integer variable to a Long

lng = CLng(Int)

' Cast a literal integer to a Long

lng = CLng(12)

where expression is an expression that is in the range of the target data type. Specifically, we have the following conversion functions:

CBool
CByte
CChar
CDate
CDbl
CDec
CInt
CLng
CObj
CShort
CSng
CStr
CType

Members of the System.Convert class

Download PDF File

Introduction to VB.NET Language

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 08:55:00 +0000

Introduction to VB.NET Language

Download PDF File

A. Object Oriented Programming

is a fundamental way of cp that uses "objects" and their interactions to design applications and computer programs. Programming techniques may include features such as encapsulation, modularity, polymorphism, and inheritance. It was not commonly used in mainstream software application development until the early 1990s. Many modern programming languages now support OOP.

OOP Fundamental concepts

Class
Object
Instance
Method
Message passing
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Abstraction
Polymorphism

B.     Microsoft .NET Framework

Microsoft .NET Framework is a software component that is a part of several Microsoft Windows operating systems. It has a large library of pre-coded solutions to common programming problems and manages the execution of programs written specifically for the framework. The .NET Framework is a key Microsoft offering and is intended to be used by most new applications created for the Windows platform.

Architecture Microsoft .NET Framework

The core aspects of the .NET framework lie within the Common Language Infrastructure, or CLI. The purpose of the CLI is to provide a language-agnostic platform for application development and execution, including functions for exception handling, garbage collection, security, and interoperability. Microsoft's implementation of the CLI is called the Common Language Runtime or CLR. The CLR is composed of four primary parts:

Common Type System (CTS)
Common Language Specification (CLS)
Metadata
Virtual Execution System (VES)

C.     CLR, CTS, Class Library

CLR

Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of Microsoft's .NET initiative. It is Microsoft's implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, which defines an execution environment for program code. The CLR runs a form of bytecode called the Common Intermediate Language (CIL, previously known as MSIL -- Microsoft Intermediate Language).

Developers using the CLR write code in a language such as C# or VB.Net. At compile time, a .NET compiler converts such code into CIL code. At runtime, the CLR's just-in-time compiler (JIT compiler) converts the CIL code into code native to the operating system. Alternatively, the CIL code can be compiled to native code in a separate step prior to runtime. This speeds up all later runs of the software as the CIL-to-native compilation is no longer necessary.

CTS

The Common Type System (CTS) is a standard that specifies how Type definitions and specific values of Types are represented in computer memory. It is intended to allow programs written in different programming languages to easily share information. As used in programming languages, a Type can be described as a definition of a set of values (for example, "all integers between 0 and 10"), and the allowable operations on those values (for example, addition and subtraction).

The specification for the CTS is contained in Ecma standard 335, "Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) Partitions I to VI." The CLI and the CTS were created by Microsoft, and the Microsoft .NET framework is an implementation of the standard.

Class Library

library is a collection of subroutines used to develop software. Libraries contain code and data that provide services to independent programs. This allows code and data to be shared and changed in a modular fashion. Some executables are both standalone programs and libraries, but most libraries are not executables. Executables and libraries make references known as links to each other through the process known as linking, which is typically done by a linker.

The Framework Class Library (FCL) is a standard library available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The FCL is a collection of 2,500 reusable classes (within 242 namespaces), interfaces and value types.

D.     Namespace

A namespace is an abstract container or environment created to hold a logical grouping of unique identifiers (i.e., names). An identifier defined in a namespace is associated with that namespace. The same identifier can be independently defined in multiple namespaces. That is, the meaning associated with an identifier defined in one namespace may or may not have the same meaning as the same identifier defined in another namespace. Languages that support namespaces specify the rules that determine to which namespace an identifier (i.e., not its definition) belongs.

The System namespace contains classes for such broad ranging things as:

Data types
Data type conversions
Method-parameter manipulation
Events and event handlers
Mathematics
Program invocation
Application-environment management

Other Name Space

System
System.CodeDom
System.Collections
System.ComponentModel
System.Configuration
System.Data
System.Deployment
System.Diagnostics
System.DirectoryServices
System.Drawing
System.EnterpriseServices
System.Globalization
System.IO
System.Management
System.Media
System.Messaging
System.Net
System.Linq
System.Linq.Expressions
System.Reflection
System.Resources
System.Runtime
System.Security
System.ServiceProcess
System.Text
System.Threading
System.Timers
System.Transactions
System.Web
System.Windows.Forms
System.Xml

E.     Visual Studio.NET IDE (Integreted Development Environment)

IDE Visual Studio.NET Element:

a.      Menu

b.      Toolbox

c.      Solution Explorer

d.      Properties

e.      Pending Checking

 Template Project Visual Basic:

1.      Windows Application

2.      Class Library

3.      Console Application

4.      Windows Control Library

5.      Crystal Reports

6.      Device Application

F.      Console Application

Download PDF File

PROGRAMMING STUDY CASE (ARRAY & VALIDATION)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 02 Jun 2008 07:55:00 +0000

PROGRAMMING STUDY CASE (ARRAY & VALIDATION)

Download PDF File

In programming the cases base often happened have never got out of some repetition techniques and condition.

As for the case dealing with the repetition and condition is [at] programming presenting array ( queue) and validate.

ARRAY & VALIDATION

Usage Flowchart for analysis array will always use the repetition method ( looping). Then process Arrange require the sequence technique and queue.

There are some the Algorithm sequence techniques often in using:

Bubble Sort
Selection Sort
Insertion Sort
Shell Sort
Merge Sort
Heap Sort
Quick Sort
Bucket Sort
Radix Sort

Bubble Sort

Step for the shake of step Bubble Sort:

Take example is array ( 70519) then will in sorting from small which become larger ones:

First Step :

(7 0 5 1 9) → (0 7 5 1 9) , membandingkan 2 element pertama kemudian tukar posisi.

(0 7 5 1 9) → (0 5 7 1 9)

(0 5 7 1 9) → (0 5 1 7 9)

(0 5 1 7 9) → (0 5 1 7 9), 2 element terakhir telah terurut sehingga tidak di tukar.

Second Step :

(0 5 1 7 9) → (0 5 1 7 9)

(0 5 1 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

(0 1 5 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

(0 1 5 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

Now, all lines have been massaged, is but needed to check again without happened the repetition, to prove that line have been massaged by the correctness.

(0 1 5 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

(0 1 5 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

(0 1 5 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

(0 1 5 7 9) → (0 1 5 7 9)

Finally [there] no conversion process element so that prove that line have been massaged.

Flowchart to explain the above algorithm as follows:

PsedoCode (Algorithm Syntax):

procedure bubbleSort( L : list of sortable items ) defined as:

do

    Terurut := false

    for each I in 0 to length( L ) - 1 do:

      if L[ I ] > L[ I + 1 ] then

               Temp := L[I]

               L[I] := L[I + 1]

               L[I + 1] := Temp

        Terurut := true

      end if

    end for

Download PDF File

Mahjong

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Fri, 30 May 2008 10:41:00 +0000

Duck Hunt

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Fri, 30 May 2008 10:05:00 +0000

Mario is Back!

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Fri, 30 May 2008 10:00:00 +0000

C++ Structure Program

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Thu, 29 May 2008 06:32:00 +0000

C++ Structure Program

Download PDF File

Structure Program better way in comprehending the program structure possibly will clearer if/when direct implemented in making the simple program.

Source Code:

#include

int main ()

  cout << "Hello World!";

  return 0;

Output :

Hello World

[At] panel Source code presented by the the line syntax which develop; build the small program present the word “ Hello World”

As for description from above parts of program structure is :

# include

Line in starting with sign hash (#) is directive [at] preprocessor. This line [is] not line regular code with expression, but this line advise to preprocessor compiler to do include [at] file iostream.h as library to call the functions there are in file iostream.h to be able to be used [at] source code which we wake up.

Int main()

This line deputize early from definition main function. Main function is line where process early starting program executing

Cout <<<< ” Hello World”;

This Line is line statement from C++. Cout present output [at] [screen/sail].

Function cout in declaration [at] file iostream.h hence from that we have to do include ( linking) [at] file iostream [so that/ to be] cout can be recognized by file source code our.

Return 0;

Statement return cause to play function is completed run, return ordinary in following by return code ( in above example [of] return in following by return code 0)

Comment Line

Comment Line have never in paying attention by compiler and compiler will not do the something to comment line.

Comment line is sometime we use to give the information for programmer, as documentation reference.

Line comment example [of] :

//baris komentar

/* komentar lebih

Dari dua baris */

Download PDF File

C++ IDE (Integrated Desktop Environment)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Thu, 29 May 2008 05:52:00 +0000

C++ IDE (Integrated Desktop Environment)

Dowload PDF File

Application Software providing the supporter facility for programmer computer for the development of software.

IDEA is in general consist of :

Source code editor
Compiler
Interpreter
Build Automation Tools
Debugger
Version Control Systems ( to facilitate the development GUI ( Graphic User Interface)

Object Oriented Software Development)

Class Browser ( Modern IDEs)
Object Inspector ( Modern IDEs)
Class Hierarchy Diagram ( Modern IDEs)

IDEA in C++ Software Development

Description :

(1) : Menu Menu list function to assist activity of development of software

(2) : Editor window to write down source code

(3) : Message window to present message of process compilation, error, or process debug

(4) : Output window present the result of code which have in compiling
Dowload PDF File

Programming, Algorithm, and Flowchart

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Wed, 28 May 2008 06:15:00 +0000

Programming, Algorithm, and Flowchart

Download PDF File

Programming

Computer programming (often shortened to programming or coding) is the process of writing, testing, debugging/troubleshooting, and maintaining the source code of computer programs. This source code is written in a programming language. The code may be a modification of an existing source or something completely new. The purpose of programming is to create a program that exhibits a certain desired behavior (customization). The process of writing source codes requires expertise in many different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms and formal logic.

Computer Programmers are those who write computer software. Their job usually involves:

Requirements analysis
Specification
Software architecture
Coding
Compilation
Software testing
Documentation
Integration
Maintenance

Programming languages

Different programming languages support different styles of programming (called programming paradigms). The choice of language used is subject to many considerations, such as company policy, suitability to task, availability of third-party packages, or individual preference. Ideally, the programming language best suited for the task at hand will be selected. Trade-offs from this ideal involve finding enough programmers who know the language to build a team, the availability of compilers for that language, and the efficiency with which programs written in a given language execute.

list of programming languages

1. C++

2. Basic

3. Java

4. Pascal

5. Fortran

6. Cobol

7. etc..

Quality requirements

Efficiency: it is referred to the system resource consumption (computer processor, memory, slow devices, networks and to some extent even user interaction) which must be the lowest possible.
Reliability: the results of the program must be correct, which not only implies a correct code implementation but also reduction of error propagation (e.g. resulting from data conversion) and prevention of typical errors (overflow, underflow or zero division).
Robustness: a program must anticipate situations of data type conflict and all other incompatibilities which result in run time errors and stop the program. The focus of this aspect is the interaction with the user and the handling of error messages.
Portability: it should work as it is in any software and hardware environment, or at least without relevant reprogramming.
Readability: the purpose of the main program and of each subroutine must be clearly defined with appropriate comments and self explanatory choice of symbolic names (constants, variables, function names, classes, methods, ...).

Algorithmic complexity

The academic field and the engineering practice of computer programming are both largely concerned with discovering and implementing the most efficient algorithms for a given class of problem. For this purpose, algorithms are classified into orders using so-called Big O notation, O(n), which expresses resource use, such as execution time or memory consumption, in terms of the size of an input. Expert programmers are familiar with a variety of well-established algorithms and their respective complexities and use this knowledge to choose algorithms that are best suited to the circumstances.

Methodologies

The first step in most formal software development projects is requirements analysis, followed by modeling, implementation, and failure elimination (debugging). There exist a lot of differing approaches for each of those tasks. One approach popular for requirements analysis is Use Case analysis.

Popular modeling techniques include Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) and Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a notation used for both OOAD and MDA.

A similar technique used for database design is Entity-Relationship Modeling (ER Modeling).

Implementation techniques include imperative languages (object-oriented or procedural), functional languages, and logic languages.

Debugging is most often done with IDEs like Visual Studio, NetBeans, and Eclipse. Separate debuggers like gdb are also used.

Debugging

Debugging is a very important task in the software development process, because an erroneous program can have significant consequences for its users. Some languages are more prone to some kinds of faults because their specification does not require compilers to perform as much checking as other languages. Use of a static analysis tool can help detect some possible problems.

Algorithm

In mathematics, computing, linguistics and related disciplines, an algorithm is a type of effective method in which a list of well-defined instructions for completing a task will, when given an initial state, proceed through a well-defined series of successive states, eventually terminating in an end-state. The transition from one state to the next is not necessarily deterministic; some algorithms, known as probabilistic algorithms, incorporate randomness.

Expressing algorithms

Algorithms can be expressed in many kinds of notation, including natural languages, pseudocode, flowcharts, and programming languages. Natural language expressions of algorithms tend to be verbose and ambiguous, and are rarely used for complex or technical algorithms. Pseudocode and flowcharts are structured ways to express algorithms that avoid many of the ambiguities common in natural language statements, while remaining independent of a particular implementation language. Programming languages are primarily intended for expressing algorithms in a form that can be executed by a computer, but are often used as a way to define or document algorithms.

Algorithm LargestNumber

  Input: A non-empty list of numbers L.

  Output: The largest number in the list L.

  largest ← L₀

  for each item in the list L_≥1, do

    if the item > largest, then

      largest ← the item

  return largest

FlowChart

Symbols

A typical flowchart from older Computer Science textbooks may have the following kinds of symbols:

Start and end symbols, represented as lozenges, ovals or rounded rectangles, usually containing the word "Start" or "End", or another phrase signaling the start or end of a process, such as "submit enquiry" or "receive product".

Arrows, showing what's called "flow of control" in computer science. An arrow coming from one symbol and ending at another symbol represents that control passes to the symbol the arrow points to.

Processing steps, represented as rectangles. Examples: "Add 1 to X"; "replace identified part"; "save changes" or similar.

Input/Output, represented as a parallelogram. Examples: Get X from the user; display X.

Conditional (or decision), represented as a diamond (rhombus). These typically contain a Yes/No question or True/False test. This symbol is unique in that it has two arrows coming out of it, usually from the bottom point and right point, one corresponding to Yes or True, and one corresponding to No or False. The arrows should always be labeled. More than two arrows can be used, but this is normally a clear indicator that a complex decision is being taken, in which case it may need to be broken-down further, or replaced with the "pre-defined process" symbol.

A number of other symbols that have less universal currency, such as:

A Document represented as a rectangle with a wavy base;

A Manual input represented by rectangle, with the top irregularly sloping up from left to right. An example would be to signify data-entry from a form;

A Manual operation represented by a trapezoid with the longest parallel side at the top, to represent an operation or adjustment to process that can only be made manually.

A Data File represented by a cylinder

Ref: http://en.wikipedia.com

Download PDF File

OLEDB Connection

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 26 May 2008 13:17:00 +0000

OLEDB Connection

Download PDF File

OBJEK OLEDB CONNECTION is the object used many for application client-server.

We can exploit this object to handle the problem koneksi with :

SQL SERVER
MICROSOFT ACCESS
ORACLE

MEMBER OBJEK OLEDBCONNECTION :

Properties

Connection String
Connection TimeOut
Database
Provider
Server Version
State

Method

ChangeDatabase
Close
CreateCommand
GetOleDbSchemaTable
Open

Way to Use :

Require library object from :

imports system.data.oledb

Syntaks declaration :

Dim con ace new oledbconnection

Inisialisasi value :

Connect to Ms. Access

Con.connectionstring = “ provider = Microsoft.Jet.Oledb.4.0; data source = filename”

Connect to SQLServer

Con.connectionstring = “ provider = SQLOLEDB; data source = nama_server;user id = user_SQLServer;password = password_user; initial catalog = Nama_Database; connect timeout = nilai_timeout”

Connect to Database

con.open()

Cover Koneksi

con.close()

Example [of] :

Imports System.Data.oledb Module Module1

Sub Main()

Dim strcon Ace String Dim con Ace New OleDbConnection

strcon == " provider = Microsoft.Jet.Oledb.4.0; data source = Z:\Db withVB.NET\Contoh Latihan\Access DB\LatihanDB.mdb;"

con.ConnectionString = strcon con.Open()

Console.Writeline(Con.Connectionstring)

Console.Readline()

con.Close()

End Sub

End Module

Download PDF File

SQLCONNECTION

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 26 May 2008 13:10:00 +0000

SQLCONNECTION

Download PDF File

Object SQLConnection is used object to arrange the [relation/link] with SQL Server

Member Objek SQLConnection :

Properties

a. Connection String

b. Connection TimeOut

c. Database PacketSize

d. Server Version

e. State

f. WorkstationId

Method

a. ChangeDatabase

b. Close

c. CreateCommand

d. Open

Way uses:

Require library object from :

imports system.data.sqlclient

Syntax declaration :

Dim con ace new sqlconnection

Inisialisasi value :

Con.Connectionstring == “ user id = user_SQLServer;password = password_user;data source = nama_server;initial catalog = Nama_Database;Connect timeout = nilai_timeout”

Connect to Database

con.open()

Connection Close

con.close()

Example [of] :

Imports System.Data.sqlclient

Module Module1

Sub Main()

Dim strcon Ace String

Dim con Ace New SqlConnection

strcon = " user id = sa; data source = bc-d04; initial catalog = Northwind; connect timeout = 30;“

con.ConnectionString = strcon con.Open()

Console.Writeline("Seting Koneksi = {0}", con.ConnectionString)

Console.Readline()

con.Close()

End Sub

End Module

Download PDF File

RDBMS (RATIONAL DATABASE SYSTEMS)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 26 May 2008 13:03:00 +0000

RDBMS

Download PDF File

(RATIONAL DATABASE SYSTEMS)

Type the database used many in this time is type RDBMS ( Relational Database Management System).

Database with this type don't only solely function to saving data only, but take care of integrity of data.

Primary Key ( Unique Key)

In rational design database Primary Key is locking the proxy ( candidate key) to identified line (row) unique inlay tables

Foreign Key

In rational design database Foreign Key is locking reference from table which related.

Foreign key is field key owning the reference to primary key [at] other tables which related

Download PDF File

Database Basic Concept

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 26 May 2008 12:55:00 +0000

Database Basic Concept

Download PDF File

A Database consist of some used tables to save a data,

For example: pregnant Database Shop some tables be like: master tables customer, tables of sale master, tables of goods master, sale detail tables, tables of receivable, etcetera.

Table

A tables is corps record and field.

Record is representation a intact data.

Field is the information in one record.

Front-End

Is a link [among/between] user with used database to data process to be kept. Data process work well from and to Database itself.

Front end can be created use some programming languages be like under this:

Visual Basic
Visual C++
Visual Foxpro
Java

Marginally front application end divided become 2 category, that is :

Decision Support Front End Application which only presenting and print the taken away from information Database either through predefined or user defined query.
Transaction Processing Front End Applications including ability to edit, to add, and vanish record from database. Application this type of differentiated to Traditional DBMS, non-traditional DBMS and client/server DBMS.

Back-End

Back-End are Database itself

Some DBMS to be made [by] a Backend is as follows:

Microsoft Access ( desktop database)
Microsoft SQL Server ( server database, that is the database support the mechanism client server)

Download PDF File

Data Accessing Technology (ADO.NET)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 26 May 2008 12:44:00 +0000

Data Accessing Technology (ADO.NET)

ADO.NET ( ActiveX Data Object.NET)

Download PDF File

Component corps software the can be used by programmer for the data access of and data services.

Is part of Class library which is figured in with Microsoft.Net Framework

Commonly use to access and modify the on file data in Relational Database Systems, but can use also to access the non relational data source

Is evolution of technology ADO, but his change many and big, is so that considered to be by the new product.

Architecture ADO.NET consist of 2 punch line

Data Provider

Provided access to data source be like : Ms. SQL SERVER or Oracle and OLEDB data provider

Data Sets

Group of classes depict relational simple database in memory

Data Provider have a group of utility :

Connection : provide connection to communicate with the data source

Command : used to operate [at] data source be like reading, update, and deleting relational data

Parameter : formulate single parameter [at] Command. Example [of] : parameter [at] stored procedure

Data Adapter : Bridge for the delivery of data [among/between] data source and data object set

Data Reader : efficient [of] process of big result, one record in one time, provide record accessed in mode read-only, forward-only

Classes Data Set have the hierarchy :

Dataset : present Schema

DataTable

DataView

DataCoulomn : column information
DataRow : line information in tables
DataRowView : line information [at] DataView

DataRelation : relationship between tables
Constraint : formulate property Database

Download PDF File

Data Accessing Technology (ADO)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Mon, 26 May 2008 12:32:00 +0000

Data Accessing Technology (ADO)

ADO ( ActiveX Data Object)

Download PDF File

ADO or ActiveX Data Object is accessing of the based on the technology ActiveX Data Object.

ADO is interface to OLEDB. ADO have most of all fitur owned by RDO. ADO add some future newly, be like: saving a recordset into a file, and object Recordset the self supporting ness, and others.

ADO consist of group top-level object :

Connection Object – connecting to database

Recordset Object – database corps record

Command Object – SQL command

Stream Object – Stream data of file text or page web

Error Object – Saving Error

Field Object – Database Field

Parameter Object – SQL PARAMETER

Property Object – Information [regarding/ hit] objects.

ADO component commonly use [at] high level language be like VBSCRIPT in environment ASP or Visual Basic

Delphi and C++ Builder besides product Microsoft also use ADO COMPONENT

Download PDF File

Data Accessing Technology (RDO)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Wed, 21 May 2008 15:49:00 +0000

Data Accessing Technology (RDO)

RDO ( Remote Data Object)

Download PDF File

RDO the name more familiar to DAAPI ( Data Access Application Programming Interface), woke up by the result development of merger DAO and ODBC API

Commonly use [at] Microsoft Visual Basic

Have the component :

Database Connection
Queries
Stored Procedures
Result Manipulation
Change Commits

Facilitate to make the application direct connection with ODBC without having to deal with ODBC API

Download PDF File

Data Accessing Technology (DAO)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Wed, 21 May 2008 12:37:00 +0000

Data Accessing Technology (DAO)

DAO ( Data Access Object)

Download PDF File

The interface commonly use to access the database [at] Microsoft Windows Systems

DAO recognized also with VT Objects made [at] November of 1992 with version of 3.5 able to access Jet engine and ODBC Data source including Ms. SQL SERVER and Enterprise DB Systems other

Design

DAO work by creating Object “ Workspace” where all database operations walk.

Workspace object reside in [at] session Database Engine larger ones object

There is 2 Type Database Engine [at] Microsoft :

Jet propulsion DB ENGINE
ODBC DIRECT DB ENGINE

Download PDF File

UNIVERSAL DATA ACCESS (OLEDB)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Tue, 20 May 2008 12:23:00 +0000

UNIVERSAL DATA ACCESS (OLEDB)

OLEDB (Object Linked and Embedded Database)

Download PDF File

OLEDB is Low Level Data Access Technology addressed to replace ODBC.

In OLEDB there are term OLEDB provider able to be compared to ODBC DRIVER [at] ODBC

OLEDB and ODBC is different technology in some cases is as follows:

OLEDB is the technology base on COM.
With OLEDB we can open connection to all Database, don't only limited to structured and ISAM database such as only can be done by ODBC, but OLEDB data access also able to on file in non structured database.

Download PDF File

DSN (Data Source Name)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Tue, 20 May 2008 12:08:00 +0000

DSN

(Data Source Name)

Download PDF File

Connecting to Database use DSN to save used information to create connection to a[n database. In DSN on file [of] name ODBC driver to be used, name of computer taken as data center ( if we work with client server engine be like SQL server or Oracle), name or path from a database, timeout from connecting, and others

Through ODBC Driver Manager, we can create some types from DSN, that is:

User DSN

DSN the on filename in system registry, and only can use by user in this time.

System DSN

DSN kept in registry but DSN can use by all user.

File DSN

DSN kept in file with file extension .dsn. file DSN can be copied easily to other computer. Therefore file DSN make the program installation phase become easier. The application we make have to know path from file DSN, therefore [at] program code, we have to provide path the intactness to file DSN., and we have to saving path the place for example in file INI.

Download PDF File

UNIVERSAL DATA ACCESS (ODBC)

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Tue, 20 May 2008 11:34:00 +0000

UNIVERSAL DATA ACCESS (ODBC)

ODBC

A open standard to connectivity between data bases machine.

This standard provide API able to be used to run and connecting an application with a data bases management system ( SMBD).

Designer ODBC make it with a purpose to [so that/ to be] ODBC free from usage of Programming Language selected, selected data bases management system, and selected operating system.

ODBC Component

ODBC API : A group of function call, mistake codes and syntax SQL defining how do data in a DBMS accessed.
Driver data bases ODBC : driver ( which in the form of dynamic link library) capable to process the function call ODBC to a DBMS.
ODBC Driver Manager : ODBC Driver Manager : commissioned to load driver data bases ODBC required by application

Can be woke up to the specification of:

“ Front-End” or “ client” desktop application, is also known as “ ODBC CLIENT”. This Application walking in computer user.
ODBC DRIVER to “ Back-End” or “ Server” DBMS ( Database management Systems). Application DBMS this reside in [at] used computer to [be] depository [of] data to in accessing by some user

Application Server this [is] more ROBUST(faster, with central security and back up data) from [at] application client. ODBC DRIVER reside in [among/between] ODBC Client and DBMS.

Usage ODBC:

For usage ODBC required [by] 3 component :

ODBC CLIENT : ODBC ENABLED front-end example [of] : Microsoft Access, Application which is woke up with Ms. Access, Application which is woke up with VB, Application which is woke up with C++ Win SDK+ODBC SDK, or the application woke up from vendor besides Microsoft.
ODBC DRIVER : ODBC DRIVER to ODBC Server. The example : Ms. ODBC DRIVER pack, SQL Server ODBC, Informix ODBC, MySQL
ODBC DBMS Server ( back-end) : DBMS server this can in accessing by ODBC Client with medium ODBC Driver

Example DBMS Server : SQL SERVER, Oracle, AS/400,Foxpro, Ms. Access, Mysql

Download PDF File

Download AVI File

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Tue, 20 May 2008 08:28:00 +0000

HOW TO CONNECT MYSQL TO BORLAND DELPHI USING MYODBC.AVI

Download PDF File

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Tue, 20 May 2008 08:09:00 +0000

A. C++ Programming

B. Database Concept

C. Delphi Programming

D. Java Programming

E. Microsoft Windows

F. Visual Basic.NET

G. Programming Concept

HOW TO CONNECT MYSQL TO BORLAND DELPHI USING MYODBC

noreply@blogger.com (yoseph ismail) — Fri, 14 Mar 2008 17:00:00 +0000

HOW TO CONNECT MYSQL TO BORLAND DELPHI USING MYODBC

Creating MySQL ODBC DataSource

We need to install MyODBC (you can download from www.mysql.com)
install MyODBC or MySQLODBC
Create DSN for accesing trough ODBC, follow the step bellow :
Go To Control Panel>>Administrative Tools>>Data Source (ODBC)
When ODBC Data Source Administrator dialogs showed click Add.. button
Create New Data Source dialog will show, choose MySQL ODBC Driver
Click Finish until MySQL ODBC Driver DSN Configuration dialog showed
Enter Data Source Name as you like
fill all information that needed for connection to be occurred
Click Test Data Source Button to testing the connection to MySQL Server
Connection succeed
MySQL ODBC Data Source created

Connecting Data Source to Delphi using ADOConnection

on your project application pick ADOConnection Component in ADO VCL Tab
Put ADOConnection component into a form
Double Click the ADOConnection on your form until Connection String Dialog Wizard appeared
Choose Use Connection String and then click Build Button
when Data link properties dialog box appeared on the provider tab choose Microsoft OLEDB Provider for ODBC Drivers
Click Next Button
On the Connection Tab, fill all the field
Choose Use Data source name and fill thecombobox with MySQL ODBC Data source that we have been created before in DSN
fill information for username, password, and fill the database that you want access in Combobox Enter initial catalog to use
Test the connection with clicking the Test Connection Button
Connection Succed

Download PDF File
Download AVI File