All Physics

Links for 2012-01-29 [del.icio.us]

Mon, 30 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

Mesmerizing, towering loops of solar magnetism | Bad Astronomy | Discover Magazine

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Thu, 26 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

Aurora na Finlândia

Links for 2012-01-24 [del.icio.us]

Wed, 25 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

The Early Universe

Links for 2012-01-20 [del.icio.us]

Sat, 21 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

2fThree Android Apps that Read RSS Feeds to You 9
Three Android Apps that Read RSS Feeds to You http://t.co/rnkeyc4K

Links for 2012-01-18 [del.icio.us]

Thu, 19 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

Cosmology and Quantum Gravity
Cosmology and Quantum Gravity is out! http://t.co/iNUOUXNh ▸ Top stories today via @jajaamanda @eufisica @particle_physic @pyxmalion

New Heavy Exotic Hadrons

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 06:23:11 PST

Figure 1. Existing standard hadrons and exotic hadrons. At the B Factory experiment, a series of new exotic mesons containing charm quarks (c) have been discovered. Unlike these exotic mesons, the newly discovered Zb particles contain bottom quarks (b) and have an electric charge. If only one bottom quark and one anti-bottom quark ( b ) are contained, the resulting particle is electrically neutral. Thus, the Zb must also contain at least two more quarks (e.g., one up quark (u) and one anti-down quark ( d )). Credit: PhysOrg

(PhysOrg.com) -- Two unexpected new hadrons containing bottom quarks have been discovered by the Belle Experiment using the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)'s B Factory (KEKB), a highly-luminous, electron-positron collider. These new particles have electric charge and are thought to be "exotic" hadrons -- non-standard hadrons, containing at least four quarks. Previously, a series of new and unexpected exotic hadrons containing charm and anti-charm quarks have been observed. This latest discovery from Belle demonstrates the existence of exotic hadrons containing at least four quarks in a particle system including bottom quarks .

in PhysOrg (follow the link to read entire article)

The Belle experiment conducts collisions between electrons and positrons.

Highlights of the Belle experiment so far include

the first observation of CP-violation outside of the kaon system (2001)
observation of: and
measurement of $ϕ 3$ using the Dalitz plot
measurement of the CKM quark mixing matrix elements $| V u b |$ and $| V c b |$
observation of direct CP-violation in and
observation of transitions
evidence for
observations of a number of new particles including the X(3872)

Links for 2012-01-09 [del.icio.us]

Tue, 10 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

Personalize Social Messages - Sciweavers
...ℋᾰ℘℘⑂ ℕ€ω ㄚ€ᾰԻ...②⓪①②.. #NYE #Happy #i2Symbol #Sciweavers, #2012 http://t.co/gdLU8Keh http://t.co/p6qVChV0

Links for 2012-01-08 [del.icio.us]

Mon, 09 Jan 2012 00:00:00 PST

Online Latex Equation Editor - Sciweavers

Theory of a new kind of Superconductivity

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 09:31:56 PDT

Physicists unveil a theory for a new kind of superconductivity
(PhysOrg.com) -- In this 100th anniversary year of the discovery of superconductivity, physicists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and Sweden’s Royal Institute of Technology have published a fully self-consistent theory of the new kind of superconducting behavior, Type 1.5, this month in the journal Physical Review B.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 06:19:31 PDT

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011

Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt, Adam G. Riess

Photo: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab

Photo: Belinda Pratten, Australian National University

Photo: Scanpix/AFP

Saul Perlmutter

Brian P. Schmidt

Adam G. Riess

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 was awarded "for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae" with one half to Saul Perlmutter and the other half jointly to Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess.

New ampere and mass precise measure

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Sun, 02 Oct 2011 16:01:32 PDT

Redefining the kilogram and the ampere
New research using graphene presents the most precise measurements of the quantum Hall effect ever made, one of the key steps in the process to redefine two SI units.

"Key units to be redefined are the kilogram (mass) and the ampere (electric current). Presently the kilogram is defined by a physical lump of platinum-iridium and the ampere is defined via the force produced between two wires.
The goal is to define the kilogram in terms the Planck constant h and the ampere in terms of the electron charge e."

in PhysOrg.com

Faster than light

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 22 Sep 2011 15:53:59 PDT

Roll over Einstein: Pillar of physics challenged (Update)
A pillar of physics - that nothing can go faster than the speed of light - appears to be smashed by an oddball subatomic particle that has apparently made a giant end run around Albert Einstein's theories.

It seems that the muon neutrinos from CERN traveled 730 km and arrived the Gran Sasso Lab, Italy, a billionths of a second earlier than expected (it means it traveled that distance faster than the speed of light).

NASA | Noah Petro Explains New LRO Images of Apollo 12, 14, and 17 Sites

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 16 Sep 2011 16:06:27 PDT

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Wed, 07 Sep 2011 05:55:52 PDT

NASA brings to us yesterday a sharper views of Apollo landing sites.

Is anybody out there that still unbelieving that?

Carbon nanotube structures changed

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 16 Aug 2011 11:38:14 PDT

Carbon nanotube structures changed by 'attack' from within, researchers discover

(PhysOrg.com) -- A team of researchers involving scientists from The University of Nottingham has shown for the first time that chemical reactions at the nano-level which change the structure of carbon nanotubes can be sparked by an 'attack' from within.

What is a Higgs Boson?

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 11:41:00 PDT

Last flight for Atlantis

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 11:23:57 PDT

Atlantis Final Lift Off

Atlantis Final Lift Off, credit: NASA

Ultimate energy efficiency

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 01 Jul 2011 12:32:29 PDT

In magnetic contrast images (top) taken by the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the bright spots are nanomagnets with their north ends pointing down (represented by red bar below) and the dark spots are north-up nanomagnets (blue). The six nanomagnets form a majority logic gate transistor, where the output on the right of the center bar is determined by the majority of three inputs on the top, left and bottom. Horizontal neighboring magnets tend to point in alternate directions, while vertical neighbors prefer to point in the same direction. Credit: Jeffrey Bokor lab, UC Berkeley

Magnetic memory and logic could achieve ultimate energy efficiency
Future computers may rely on magnetic microprocessors that consume the least amount of energy allowed by the laws of physics, according to an analysis by University of California, Berkeley, electrical engineers.
in PhysOrg

Magnetic Fields record

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 02:06:39 PDT

World record: The strongest magnetic fields created
On June 22, 2011, the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf set a new world record for magnetic fields with 91.4 teslas. To reach this record, Sergei Zherlitsyn and his colleagues at the High Magnetic Field Laboratory Dresden (HLD) developed a coil weighing about 200 kilograms in which electric current create the giant magnetic field – for a period of a few milliseconds. The coil survived the experiment unscathed.

Solar storms and flares anatomy

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Sat, 25 Jun 2011 09:35:23 PDT

Here there is an excellent anatomy of the Solar Storms and Solar Flares, from space.com:

Source SPACE.com: All about our solar system, outer space and exploration

Lectures from MIT

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 21 Jun 2011 11:03:35 PDT

New Green Transportation

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 07:45:51 PDT

New electric diwheel hints at future of city transportation (PhysOrg.com) -- In a bit of technical wizardry, students from the University of Adelaide, Australia, have devised and built an electric diwheel, that with modification, could possibly solve inner city transportation problems. The team, comprised of 14 mechanical engineering students, has taken the idea of a diwheel and quite literally, turned it on its head, and in the process have created a vehicle that could be used to safely transport people around; all with a minimum amount of energy.

Applying Einstein's General Theory of Relativity to Superconducting Circuits

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 07:41:01 PDT

ScienceDaily (June 11, 2011) — In recent years, UC Santa Barbara scientists showed that they could reproduce a basic superconductor using Einstein's general theory of relativity. Now, using the same theory, they have demonstrated that the Josephson junction could be reproduced. The results are explained in a recent issue of the journal Physical Review Letters.

Read complete article in Science Daily

New Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 07 Jun 2011 01:02:50 PDT

NASA's future capsule will be the next generation for transport astronauts and cargo to the ISS.
See bellow the info-graphic from space.com.

Source SPACE.com: All about our solar system, outer space and exploration

AstroPT magazine - May 2011

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 02 Jun 2011 04:03:37 PDT

The AstroPT magazine is online and ready for download.

The magazine is in portuguese but there's articles in english language.

In this issue you can find:

1. Doomsday (p. 8-9);

2. two interviews with Gregory Laughlin (discovery and characterization of extrasolar planets and planetary systems)(p. 32-38) and Geoff Marcy (first measurement of the Zeeman effect in the spectrum of solar-type stars, the discovery of "brown dwarfdesert" , the development of methods to measure the radial velocity to an accuracy of 3 m/s, the discovery of 70 of the first 100 known exoplanets, discovered the first multiple system (Upsilon Andromedae), discovered the first transiting planet (HD209458b), discovery of first planet orbiting beyond 5 AU (55 Cancri d) and discovery of the first Neptune-sizedplanets (55 Cancri and GJ 436B e).)(p. 39-42).

Watch the magazine here: http://astropt.org/blog/2011/06/01/magazine-maio-2011/

Eurocopter X3

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 20 May 2011 11:45:49 PDT

Eurocopter X3: The world's fastest copter

(PhysOrg.com) -- If you asked a child how they would make a helicopter go faster, they would probably tell you to add another engine. The answer would be Zen simple and dead right. The engineers at Eurocopter also seem to have that same mentality and it worked.

"The X3’s speed milestone was reached on May 12 during stable, level flight – with the hybrid demonstrator maintaining a true airspeed of 232 kts. (430 km./hr.) for several minutes. This occurred during only the third mission after a scheduled upgrade that integrated the X3’s definitive gearboxes, enabling it to operate at full power." (font: eurocopter.com)

harvests energy from blood flow

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 20 May 2011 11:45:28 PDT

Image credit: Alois Pfenniger, ARTORG
Cardiovascular Engineering, University of Bern, Switzerland.

Tiny turbine in human artery harvests energy from blood flow

(PhysOrg.com) -- A small turbine located inside a millimeters-wide human artery could harvest enough energy from blood flow to power implanted medical devices, such as pacemakers and drug-delivery pumps. The concept has been presented by researchers at the University of Bern and the Bern University of Applied Sciences during the Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology conference in Lucerne, Switzerland, earlier this month.

Orphan Planets

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 20 May 2011 11:34:33 PDT

Massey scientist's software finds 'orphan' planets
Software developed by a Massey University computer scientist and astrophysicist has led to the discovery of free-floating ‘orphan’ planets – once the subject of science fiction.

Versão portuguesa.

Mini Black Holes

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 13 May 2011 10:43:09 PDT

Simulated view of a black hole in front of the Large Magellanic Cloud. The ratio between the black hole Schwarzschild radius and the observer distance to it is 1:9. Of note is the gravitational lensing effect known as an Einstein ring, which produces a set of two fairly bright and large but highly distorted images of the Cloud as compared to its actual angular size.

Mini black holes that look like atoms could pass through Earth daily

(PhysOrg.com) -- In a new study, scientists have proposed that mini black holes may interact with matter very differently than previously thought. If the proposal is correct, it would mean that the time it would take for a mini black hole to swallow the Earth would be many orders of magnitude longer than the age of the Universe.

Full Article: PhysOrg.com

More information: A. P. VanDevender and J. Pace VanDevender. “Structure and Mass Absorption of Hypothetical Terrestrial Black Holes.” arXiv:1105.0265v1 [gr-qc]

Testing the existence of new particles

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 09 May 2011 04:21:54 PDT

Testing technicolor physics

(PhysOrg.com) -- As the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) ramps up the rate and impact of its collisions, physicists hope to witness the emergence of the Higgs boson, an anticipated, but as-yet-unseen, fundamental particle that scientists believe gives mass to matter.

We mentioned before here, that Fermilab a mistery signal.

Image: An example of simulated data modeled for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) particle detector on the Large Hadron Collider. Here, following a collision of two protons, a Higgs boson is produced which decays into two jets of hadrons and two electrons. DeGrand's theories represent an alternative to the standard model. Credit: TACC

Antihydrogen trapped in 1000 seconds

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 05 May 2011 04:25:03 PDT

(a) A schematic view of the ALPHA trap. Penning trap electrodes are held at ~9 K, and have an inner diameter of 44.5 mm. A three-layer silicon vertex detector surrounds the magnets and the cryostat. A 1 T base field is provided by an external solenoid (not shown). An antiproton beam is introduced from the right, while positrons from an accumulator are brought in from the left. (b) The magnetic field strength in the y-z plane (z is along the trap axis, with z=0 at the centre of the magnetic trap). Green dashed lines in this and other figures depict the location of the inner walls of the electrodes. (c) The axial field profile, with an effective trap length of ~270 mm. (d) The field strength in the x-y plane. (e) The field strength profile along the x-axis. Image credit: ArXiv paper

CERN scientists confine antihydrogen atoms for 1000 seconds

(PhysOrg.com) -- Seventeen minutes may not seem like much, but to physicists working on the Antihydrogen Laser Physics Apparatus (ALPHA) project at the CERN physics complex near Geneva, 1000 seconds is nearly four orders of magnitude better than has ever been achieved before in capturing and holding onto antimatter atoms. In a paper published in arXiv, a team of researchers studying the properties of antimatter, describe a process whereby they were able to confine antihydrogen atoms for just that long, paving the way for new experiments that could demonstrate properties of antimatter that until now, have been largely speculation.

More info: http://arxiv.org/abs/1104.4982

Gravity Probe B confirm two keys from Einstein's equations

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 05 May 2011 04:16:27 PDT

Image credit: PhysOrg.com

NASA's Gravity Probe B (GP-B) mission has confirmed two key predictions derived from Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, which the spacecraft was designed to test.
The experiment, launched in 2004, used four ultra-precise gyroscopes to measure the hypothesized geodetic effect, the warping of space and time around a gravitational body, and frame-dragging, the amount a spinning object pulls space and time with it as it rotates.
GP-B determined both effects with unprecedented precision by pointing at a single star, IM Pegasi, while in a polar orbit around Earth. If gravity did not affect space and time, GP-B's gyroscopes would point in the same direction forever while in orbit. But in confirmation of Einstein's theories, the gyroscopes experienced measurable, minute changes in the direction of their spin, while Earth's gravity pulled at them. (NASA)

Source: NASA