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Engineering Careers in India

2014-01-26T18:57:00.000+05:30

Engineering: The Profession
The shape of the modern world has been credited to the advancements in science and technology. The engineering field has been the major contributory factor towards achieving the scientific marvels of today. Engineers work with structures, tools, machines, metals, chemicals, and various different materials, and use their alertness of mind and creativity to innovate new things or bring modifications to already existing ones.
Enginneeing is not so much a career as an expertise, which opens doors into a vast range of jobs. Engineers probably have a wider choice of the environment in which to work, and of type of job, than any other profession. This is because engineering today is not confined to the obvious spheres of mechanical, chemical and electrical but has vast scope in advanced areas such as thermal engineering, ultrasonics, vacuum technology, polymer technology, telecommunication, computers and many more.
Engineering Areas of work
There are many fields in engineering. The basic purpose of engineering is to design and manufacture the hardware of life. Engineers also repair, modify and construct efficient and economical products, by applying scientific principles to a variety of solutions. They have a hand in the creation of anything in use anywhere. Engineering has several branches, and often the knowledge in one branch can be applied to many fields. Moreover, in any organization or project, engineers from one field work with engineers and specialists of many other fields as well. Some of the major specilizations are as follows:
* Civil Engineering
* Mechanical Engineering
* Chemical Engineering
* Electrical Engineering
* Electronics and Communication Engineering
* Production and Industrial Engineering
* Computer Engineering
* Automobile Engineering
* Telecommunication Engineering
* Instrumentation Engineering
* Mining Engineering
* Aeronautical Engineering
* Agricultural Engineering
* Marine Engineering
* Ceramics Engineering
* Textile Engineering
* Other Engineering Specilizations

The Work of Engineers : Whatever be their branch, all engineers primarily perform the four main tasks of research and development, production, management and maintanance.
Entry into Engineering Job :To work as an engineer, a candidate needs to have BE/BTech. in the chose field of interest.
Eligibility for Engineering Education : Candidates having completed class XII with physics, chemistry and mathematics is elligible to apply for admission to the various engineering colleges. Students can compete on an all-India basis for admission to the prominent colleges like IITs. State colleges of engineering take in students with state domicile, but provide some seats for students from other states.
In some colleges selection is based on the percentage marks got into class XII (in physics, chemistry and mathematics), while some other colleges give admission based on some common test. The IITs administer a Joint Entrance Exam (JEE) for the admission to the seven IITs, The Institute of Mines, Dhanbad; and for the admission to the merchant navy course of TS Chanakya and Marine Engineering Institute at Kolkata.

Engineering Course Duration
BE/BTech. : 4 years
Me/MTech: 2 years
Integrated MTech: 5 years [Gets 2 degrees, BTech and MTech]

Target data theft affected 70 million customers

2014-01-12T18:52:00.000+05:30

US retail giant Target says up to 70 million customers had payment card and personal data stolen from the company's databases in December - 30 million more that it first thought.

Target said the thieves took credit card numbers, names, postal addresses, phone numbers and email addresses.

The data breach began on or around 29 November, known as Black Friday, one of the busiest shopping days of the year.
The company said customers would have "zero liability" for any fraud losses.
But this hasn't stopped some customers suing Target, claiming that Target failed to notify them of the breach before it was first reported and did not "maintain reasonable security procedures" to prevent the attack.
"I know that it is frustrating for our guests to learn that this information was taken and we are truly sorry they are having to endure this," said Gregg Steinhafel, Target's chairman, president and chief executive officer.
Target is offering one year of free credit monitoring and identity theft protection to all its US customers.
Data-stealing code Security researcher Brian Krebs, writing about the breach in December, said sources at credit card payment processing firms had told him the thieves had installed data-stealing code on to card-swipe machines at tills in all 1,797 Target stores.
The thieves stole data between Thanksgiving and 15 December, said Target. This data is often sold on to criminals via underground marketplaces.
The largest ever credit card breach at a US retailer took place in 2007 when cyber-thieves managed to steal information related to almost 46 million credit and debit cards from TJ Maxx and Marshalls.
The thieves amassed the huge cache of data over an 18-month period after penetrating the retailers' computer network.

source : BBC News

New Gmail messaging feature causes privacy concerns

2014-01-12T18:32:00.000+05:30

Users of Google's Gmail service will soon be able to send messages directly to other Gmail accounts, regardless of whether the recipient has shared their email address.

The new feature will include everyone signed up to both Gmail and Google+, the web giant's social network.
The change has caused concern among some privacy advocates, who say people could be contacted by strangers.

Google says it will make it easier for users to communicate with friends.
But privacy campaigner Marc Rotenberg, of the Electronic Privacy Information Center, called the new feature "troubling", and compared it to a privacy flaw in a previous Google product.
"There is a strong echo of the Google Buzz snafu," he said, referring to an early incarnation of the company's social network, which initially made a list of Gmail users' contacts available publicly online.
'Easier to connect' Gmail members will see a list of their Google+ connections when they begin to type a name in the 'To' field of their messages, even if they do not know the email address of the person they are attempting to contact.
The update was announced on Google's Gmail blog on Thursday by product manager David Nachum, who said the change would make it "easier for people using Gmail and Google+ to connect over email".
Users will have the option of disabling the new feature and can choose to allow only those within their 'Circles' to contact them.
However, the default setting allows anyone on the network to get in touch without prior consent.
Address hidden Mr Nachum said that all users would be alerted to the new feature and how to change the default setting, within the next few days.

Messages from Google+ connections will go directly to Gmail users' inboxes

He also explained that email addresses will not be visible to a Google+ connection until a user replies to that person's initial message.
Google's update to Gmail messaging is the latest in a series of moves designed to bring its email service and social network Google+ closer together.
Users signing up to Gmail are now automatically given a Google+ account, unless they choose to disable it.

Source : BBC News

Best books in Market Now

2014-01-12T18:25:00.000+05:30

Sales of printed books fell by £98m last year - a drop of 6.5% from 2012.

A total of £1.416bn was spent on paperbacks and hardbacks in the 52-week period up to 28 December, according to Nielsen BookScan data.
The total number of printed books sold dropped even further - falling 9.8% to 183.9 million. A rise in the average price partly made up for the shortfall.
The continued growth of the digital e-book market is in part responsible for the large drop in sales.
Recent consumer data figures showed more than two million UK users joined the digital book market in the first nine months of 2013.
However, The Bookseller said the fall in value of the book market was also due to the slowdown in sales of EL James's Fifty Shades novels.
In 2012, the author's trilogy sold in record-breaking numbers. At its peak, the series accounted for almost half of all novels bought in the UK.
James's sales for 2013 totalled £1.4m, compared to £47.3m in 2012, when the trilogy sold 10.5 million copies.
Despite the overall market slump, the average selling price of a book reached a nine-year high, rising 21p to £7.70.
Sir Alex Ferguson's My Autobiography was the best-selling book of 2013, shifting 803,084 copies, while the hardback version of Dan Brown's Inferno was the best-selling novel, with 640,676 copies purchased.
Meanwhile, supermarket chain Sainsbury's has announced it is to stop selling printed books online by the end of February.
"We see that the online opportunity lies in digital products, with physical music, books, games and films sold in our stores," a Sainsbury's spokesperson said.
"This move is in line with wider industry trends towards on demand entertainment, and part of our focus on the fast-growing download and streaming market."

Source : BBC News

How to Make Money in Stocks - Getting Started

2014-01-12T18:17:00.000+05:30

A Guide to Putting CAN SLIM Concepts into Action
By Matthew Galgani, Co-Host of IBD’s weekly radio show and Editor of the IBDextra! Newsletter | Publisher McGraw Hill

For decades, the CAN SLIM Investing System, developed by IBD founder William J. O'Neil, has been helping people from all walks of life build a better financial future. But where do you begin?

What are the first “must-do” steps?
What checklists and routines can you use to build good investing habits right from the
Start — and help make sure you stay both profitable and protected?
If you’ve been investing, but have struggled to get the results you’re looking for, what
key changes can you make to start capturing bigger gains?

You’ll find the answers in How to Make Money in Stocks — Getting Started, the latest addition to the best-selling How to Make Money in Stocks series created by Bill O’Neil over 25 years ago.

Whether you're a new or experienced investor, you’ll discover a step-by-step game plan to help you approach the stock market with growing confidence and success.

blog logo

2014-01-04T01:45:00.000+05:30

Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was revealed

2012-07-29T23:18:00.000+05:30

This article, and others on this site, are about Islamic religious observances in the month of Ramadan. For the actual calendar month, see Ramadan (calendar month).

The third pillar of Islam, which is fasting, is practiced during the month of Ramadan. Ramadan is derived from an Arabic word for intense heat and scorched ground. (in Arabic: ?????, Rama??n) – – and it is the ninth month of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar, established in the year 638 CE. It is considered the most venerated, blessed and spiritually-beneficial month of the Islamic year. Prayers, fasting, charity, and self-accountability are especially stressed at this time; religious observances associated with Ramadan are kept throughout the month.

“Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was revealed, providing guidance for the people, clear teachings, and the statute book. Those of you who witness this month shall fast therein. Those who are ill or traveling may substitute the same number of other days. Allah wishes for you convenience, not hardship, that you may fulfill your obligations, and to glorify Allah for guiding you, and to express your appreciation.”[2:185] This is a muslims favorite holiday.

Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power) is considered the most holy night during Ramadan.

(From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)

What is Ramadan?

2012-07-29T23:14:00.000+05:30

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, when Muslims fast during daylight hours.
There are several reasons why Ramadan is considered important:

The Qur'an was first revealed during this month
The gates of Heaven are open
The gates of Hell are closed and the devils are chained up in Hell.

The Qur'an revealed

The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong)
[al-Baqarah 2:185]

The actual night that the Qur'an was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad is called Lailat ul Qadr, and to stand in prayer on this one night is said to be better than a thousand months of worship.
Ramadan is often called 'month of the Qur'an' because of this, and Muslims attempt to recite as much of the Qur'an as they can during the month. Most mosques will recite one thirtieth of the Qur'an each night during the Taraweeh prayers.
No one knows on which particular night the Qur'an was first revealed, but it is said to be one of the last ten nights of Ramadan.

The gates of Heaven are open and the gates of Hell are closed

It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "When Ramadan comes, the gates of Paradise are opened and the gates of Hell are closed, and the devils are put in chains."
(Agreed upon)

Muslims believe that their good actions bring a greater reward during this month than at any other time of year, because this month has been blessed by Allah.
They also believe that it is easier to do good in this month because the devils have been chained in Hell, and so can't tempt believers. This doesn't mean that Muslims will not behave badly, but that any evil that they do comes from within themselves, without additional encouragement from Satan.
Almost all Muslims try to give up bad habits during Ramadan, and some will try to become better Muslims by praying more or reading the Qur'an.

Muslims believe that this is one way that the chaining up of the devils is manifested, since there is no other reason for them to do so.

63rd Independence day..... Vandemataram

2010-08-14T11:34:00.002+05:30

63rd Independence day..... Vandemataram

2010-08-14T11:09:00.000+05:30

Provider Analytics

2010-08-12T18:29:00.000+05:30

HealthGrades is the trusted source for accurate and meaningful health care data. Are you looking for ways to analyze your provider networks and identify your top performers? Partner with HealthGrades and discover these important market differentiators.

HealthGrades is the nation’s leading health care ratings organization, used by millions of consumers, hospitals and payers. Leverage our brand and provider quality information to make an impact in your market today.

Health care is a competitive space. HealthGrades understands that accurate and intelligent data is a key differentiator in a plans’ success. That’s why we commit our business to acquiring and maintaining the most meaningful and factual data on the nations’ care providers.

We also acknowledge that provider data is constantly changing, which is why we dedicate ourselves to maintaining the most reliable and up-to-date information through continually managing our national provider database and the analytical science used to create it; including monthly updates and primary source verification. Integrity of our data is of the utmost importance and a benefit highly valued by our clients.

Our comprehensive national datasets provide you with a single source of intelligent provider information. We take the burden off of the payer to aggregate provider data from multiple sources and provide you with a one-stop source for quality transparency initiatives. Our solutions include intelligent information on the nation’s physicians, facilities, alternate care providers and much more.

Quality Transparency for Payers

2010-08-12T18:27:00.001+05:30

Would you like to know what members are saying about their experience with a physician or hospital?

Find out from HealthGrades. Arm yourself with the necessary business intelligence to recruit and retain membership in a highly competitive marketplace.

Health plans and employers partner with HealthGrades, a source millions of consumers trust for independent health care ratings, to provide the most comprehensive, meaningful and accurate provider data for member consumption.

One of the greatest challenges health plans and employers face today is providing their members with meaningful data when it comes time to choose a physician or hospital.

With flexible data solutions from HealthGrades, you can provide the right information at the right time to assist your members in making intelligent and informed decisions that both you and your members can benefit from.

Our comprehensive national dataset provides you with a single source of accurate and up-to-date provider information. We take the burden off of the payer by aggregating data from multiple sources and provide you with a one-stop source for independent information on provider quality.

HealthGrades can easily integrate cost and quality transparency data on the nations' health care facilities, physicians, alternative care providers and much more within your provider lookup tools. As we continue to expand our inter

What is the definition of capital market?

2010-08-12T18:24:00.000+05:30

Often, capital market refers to the structured market for trading stocks and bonds. Examples are the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, and the New York Bond Exchange. However, capital market can also include less structured markets such as private placements for stocks, bonds, and other debt.

What are the reasons for a stock dividend instead of a cash dividend?
A corporation might declare a stock dividend instead of a cash dividend in order to 1) increase the number of shares of stock outstanding, 2) move some of its retained earnings to paid-in capital, and 3) minimize distributing the corporation’s cash to its stockholders.

If a corporation has 100,000 shares of stock outstanding and it declares a 10% stock dividend, the corporation ends up having 110,000 shares outstanding. An individual stockholder having 1,000 shares prior to the 10% stock dividend will have 1,100 shares after the stock dividend. This individual’s stake in the corporation was 1% (1,000 out of 100,000 shares) prior to the stock dividend and will remain at 1% (1,100 out of 110,000 shares) after the stock dividend.

Since the corporation hasn’t really changed because of the stock dividend, the total market value of the corporation should not change. In other words, if the total market value of the corporation was $1 million before the stock dividend, it should be $1 million after the stock dividend. However, the market value of each share should decrease: $1,000,000 divided by 100,000 shares = $10 per share, and $1,000,000 divided by 110,000 shares = $9.0909. The total market value of the individual’s holdings should also remain the same: 1,000 shares X $10 = $10,000, and 1,100 shares X $9.0909 = $10,000. If the market does not adjust for the increased number of shares, the individual stockholders will benefit.

The accounting for stock dividends is available under our Explanation of Stock Splits and Stock Dividends.

CMA CPA Training

2010-08-12T18:22:00.000+05:30

As we embark on our careers, it is better we have some guidelines at hand. The world we are entering is in many ways very different from that it was a few decades back. All need cushy jobs. When it comes to choosing our careers, we have to take charge of our destiny. To become an internationally recognized Accountant we require professional qualification. CMA and CPA programs have relevance in this regard.

The Certified Management Accountant
(CMA) program has been designed to recognize the unique qualification and expertise of those professionals engaged in Management Accounting and Financial Management. Any Bachelors degree holder is eligible to take up the program.

The Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) (www.imanet.org), New Jersey, USA offers CMA qualification which gives it international accreditation. With a worldwide network of about 60,000 professionals, IMA is the world’s leading organization dedicated to empowering accounting and financial professionals to drive business performance.IMA provides dynamic forum for professionals to advance their careers through CMA certification, research, professional education, networking, and advocacy of the highest ethical and professional standards.

CMA has much highlights compared to other professional qualifications, the most important being the average of 6-9 months time period taken to qualify the two paper exam. The online, objective exams and the high pass percentage (55-60%) add to the vogue of CMA. As per IMA standards an average salary drawn by a CMA per month would be$2000, in global view. While completing the CMA program abroad is highly expensive, in India its expenses are far less.

The two papers included in the exam are Financial Planning, Performance and Control and Financial Decision Making respectively. The first paper covers areas like Planning, budgeting, forecasting, Performance Management, Cost Management, Internal controls and Professional Ethics whereas the second paper concentrates on Financial Statement analysis, Corporate Finance, Decision Analysis and Risk Management, Investment decision and Professional Ethics. Exams are conducted in prometric centers across the globe. A candidate could schedule his exam in any of the three testing window periods spread across 6 months in a year (January, February; May, June; September, October). The exam tests the cognitive skills of the candidate. One who is a qualified CMA will be entering into job profiles like Financial Manager, Management Accountant, Cost Analyst, Financial Analyst etc.

To reflect the globalization of business and importance of sound management accounting practices in all parts of the world, the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) and the Institute of Cost and Work Accountants of India (ICWAI), a statutory body enacted under an act of Parliament of India have entered into a joint partnership agreement as per which there is a mutual recognition of each organization’s respective certifications.

Certified Public Accountant (CPA) is the license issued by one of the 55 states or territories of US to authorize holder to practice as a certified Public Accountant in that jurisdiction. The board of Accountancy of each jurisdiction, National Association of State boards of Accountancy (NASBA) and American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) regulates CPA program.

CPA exam includes four papers as Auditing and Attestation, Business Environment and Concepts, Financial Accounting and Reporting and Regulation. AUD paper of 4.5 hours covers knowledge of auditing procedures, generally accepted auditing standards and other standards related to attest engagements, and skills needed to apply in those engagements. BEC (2.5 hours) covers knowledge of general business environment and business concepts to understand the underlying business reasons for and accounting implications of business transactions. FAR (4 hour) paper covers knowledge on generally accepted Accounting principles of business enterprises, not-for-profit organizations and governmental entities.REG paper (3 hours) covers knowledge of federal taxation, ethics, professional and legal responsibilities and business law.

Once Applied for CPA program the candidate receives Notice to Schedule (NTS) after which he/she can schedule for the exams conducted in 4 testing windows (January, February; April, May; July, August; and October, November). CPA exams as CMA are prometric exams but the only limitation is that it could be taken only in the specified jurisdiction in USA.

In the present day scenario of booming MNC’s across the globe the vogue for internationally qualified professionals like CMA and CPA are immense. Compared to non-certified professionals CMA’s and CPA’s express the expertise and excellence at par with global standards.

Animation: What lies beyond the screen

2010-08-12T18:21:00.000+05:30

Was blown away by the visual effects of AVATAR this weekend ! It’s amazing how far the field of Animation has advanced! It made me wonder ….. just what goes into creating Animation films of this caliber. What’s the technology behind the screen? What computer software programmes facilitate animation experts in designing and creating movies???….. So I was browsing the Internet and came across this incredible video on the latest animation related computer programme ALICE that makes programming for animation as simple as clicking and dragging…. Check it out! Alice is an innovative 3D programming environment that makes it easy to create an animation for telling a story, playing an interactive game, or a video to share on the web. Alice is a freely available teaching tool designed to be a student’s first exposure to object-oriented programming. It allows students to learn fundamental programming concepts in the context of creating animated movies and simple video games. Interested in Animation as a future career? Pls post your comment to get guidanc

Free Workshops on Business English at ESFA ,Secundrabad

2010-08-12T18:20:00.000+05:30

ESFA - Emerge School of Finance and Accounts aims at educating the educated to achieve great heights in the corporate world. We transform freshers into a skilled person and a skilled person in to a highly skilled professional. ESFA imparts training in Finance & Accounts and Business English.

Our course English for Business is designed to meet your individual needs and professional goals. Different levels of Business for English can give a cutting edge to your communication skills in the global market.

Depending upon the requirement of job, Business for English course module has been divided into three levels :
* Basic
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Website Address of Universities

2010-08-12T18:06:00.003+05:30

Name of the Institution Website Address

Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) www.amu.ac.in
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) www.aiims.edu/
Allahabad University (AU) www.allduniv.edu/
Alagappa University www.aluniv.org/
Amaravati University www.sgbau.ac.in/
Andra University www.andhrauniversity.info/
Anna University, Chennai www.annauniv.edu
Annamalai University annamalaiuniversity.ac.in/
Arunachal University www.arunachaluniversity.ac.in/
Assam Administrative Staff College (AASC) aasc.nic.in/
Assam University assamuniversity.nic.in/
Banaras Hindu University (BHU) www.bhu.ac.in
Banasthali Vidhyapith www.banasthali.org/banasthali/avs/home/
Bengal Engineering College (BEC) www.becs.ac.in
Barkatullah Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal www.bubhopal.nic.in/
Berhampur University bamu.nic.in/
Bharathidasan university, Tamil Nadu www.bdu.ac.in/
Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu www.b-u.ac.in
Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University www.bharatividyapeeth.edu/
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany http://www.bsip.res.in/home.htm
Birla Institute of Technology www.bits-pilani.ac.in
Birsa Agricultural University www.icar.org.in/birsa/BAU.htm
Board of Intermediate Education, Andhra Pradesh bieap.gov.in/
Bose Institute, Kolkata www.boseinst.ernet.in/
Bundelkhand University www.bundelkhanduniv.org/
Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) www.cbse.nic.in/
Central Hindi Directorate hindinideshalaya.nic.in/
Central Institute of Educational Technology (CIET) www.ciet.nic.in/
Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) http://www.ciefl.ac.in/
Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE) www.icar.org.in/cife/index.htm
Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL) www.ciil.org/
Central Institute of Road Transport (CIRT), Pune www.cirtpune.com
Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Mumbai). www.icar.org.in/cife/intro.htm
Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies www.smith.edu/cihts/
Central Library, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras www.cenlib.iitm.ac.in/
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) www.cmfri.com/
Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT) ccrtindia.org
Centre for Entrepreneurship Development of Karnataka (CEDOK) nitpu3.kar.nic.in/cedok/
Chandigarh College Of Architecture cca.nic.in
Christian Medical College Vellore www.cmch-vellore.edu/
Ch. Charan Singh University www.ccsuniversity.org
Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology csauk.ac.in/
Chhatrapati shahu Ji Maharaj University www.kanpuruniversity.org/
Cochin University of Science And Technology (CUSAT) www.cusat.ac.in
College of Engineering & Technology, Bhubaneswar www.cetindia.org/
Commisssion for Scientific and Technical Terminology (CSTT) cstt.nic.in/
Common Entrance Test (CET) Cell, Karnataka cet.kar.nic.in/
Delhi College of Engineering http://www.dce.edu/
Department of Adult and Continuing Education, University of Madras www.universityofmadras.edu/
Department of Biotechnology, Sindhu Mahavidyalaya geocities.com/biotechsmv/
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, IITK www.cse.iitk.ac.in/
Department of Electronics, Cochin University of Science & Technology www.doe.cusat.edu
Department of Geology, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University www.geolmlsu.org/
Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya www.dauniv.ac.in/
Dibrugarh Universit(Dibrugarh). www.dibru.ernet.in/
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Open University (Dr. BRAOU) www.baou.org/
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, www.bamu.net/
Dravidian University www.dravidianuniversity.ac.in/
Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar www.sagaruniversity.nic.in/
Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry www.yspuniversity.ac.in/
Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Regional Engineering College, Jalandhar recjal.nic.in/
Educational Media Research Center (EMRC) http://www.emrc.org/
Facilitation Centre for Industrial Plasma Technologies (FCIPT) www.plasmaindia.com
Faculty of Management Studies, University of Delhi www.fms.edu/
Fr.Muller's Institute of Medical education and Research Mangalore www.fathermuller.com
Forest Research Institute www.icfre.org/institutes2/fri.htm
Footwear Design and Development Institute (FDDI) www.fddiindia.com
Gandhigram Rural Institute www.ruraluniv.org
Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh gmch.nic.in
Gujarat University http://www.gujaratuniversity.org.in
Gujarat Agricultural University gau.guj.nic.in
Gujarat Ayurved University http://www.ayurveduniversity.com/
Gujarat Vidyapith www.gujaratvidyapith.org/
Gulbarga University www.gulbargauniversity.kar.nic.in/
Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University ggsipu.nic.in
Gauhati University (Gauhati). gu.nic.in/
Goa University www.goauniversity.org
Gokhale Institute Of Politics & Economics www.gipe.ernet.in/
Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology www.gbpuat.ac.in/
Guru Jambheshwar University (Hisar). www.gju.ernet.in/
Gurukula KangriVishwavidyalaya gkvharidwar.org/
Guwahati Medical College and Hospital gmchassam.nic.in
Harcourt Butler Technological Institute www.hbti.edu
Hidayatullah National Law University, Chhattisgarh www.hnlu.ac.in/
Harish Chandra Mathur Rajasthan State Institute of Public Administration (HCMRIPA) www.hcmripa.org/
Haryana Institute of Public Administration (HIPA) hipa.nic.in
Himachal Pradesh University hpuniv.nic.in
Homi Bhabha Centre For Science Education (HBCSE) www.hbcse.tifr.res.in
Indian School of Mines (ISM) www.ism-dhanbad.org
Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) http://www.iari.res.in/
Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI) http://www.iasri.res.in/
Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) www.iacs.res.in/
Indian Association of Social Science Institutions (IASSI) iassi.nic.in/
Indian Diamond Institute http://www.diamondinstitute.net/
Indian Institute of Advanced Study (IIAS) www.iias.org
Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship iie.nic.in
Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT) www.iift.edu/
Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM) www.iifm.org/
Indian Institute of Information Technology ( IIIT), Kolkata www.iiit-c.org
Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Bangalore www.iiitb.ac.in
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad (IIITA) www.iiita.ac.in
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA) www.iimahd.ernet.in
Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore (IIMB) www.iimb.ernet.in
Indian Institute of Management, Indore www.iimidr.ac.in
Indian Institute of Management, Kolkata (IIMC) www.iimcal.ac.in
Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode (IIMK) www.iimk.ac.in
Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow www.iiml.ac.in
Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC) http://www.iimc.nic.in/
Indian Institute of Packaging www.iip-in.com
Indian Institute of Science (IISC), Bangalore www.iisc.ernet.in
Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management (IISWBM) www.iiswbm.edu
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi www.iitd.ernet.in
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur www.iitk.ac.in
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur www.iitkgp.ernet.in
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras www.iitm.ac.in
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (IITB) http://www.iitb.ac.in/
Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati (IITG) www.iitg.ernet.in
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (IITR) www.rurkiu.ernet.in
Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering (IRIEEN) www.irieen.com
Indian School of Mines (ISM) www.ismdhanbad.ac.in
Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore www.isibang.ac.in
Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi www.isid.ac.in
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata www.isical.ac.in
Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR) www.igidr.ac.in
Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) http://www.ignou.ac.in/
Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Academy (IGRUA civilaviation.nic.in/igrua/indira.htm
Information and Library Network Centre (INFLIBNET) www.inflibnet.ac.in
Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) www.plasma.ernet.in
Institute for Studies in Industrial Development (ISID) isidev.nic.in
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) www.icai.org
Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children ich.tn.nic.in
Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) icsiindia.org/index.asp
Institute of Cost And Works Accountants of India (ICWAI) www.icwai.org
Institute of Economic Growth ieg.nic.in
Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT) www.csir.res.in/ihbt
Institute of Hotel Management, Catering Technology and Applied Nutrition http://ihmgoa.nic.in/
Institute of Judicial Training and Research (IJTR) ijtr.nic.in
Institute of Mathematical Sciences http://www.imsc.res.in/
Institute of Physics (IOP) www.iopb.res.in
Institute of Rural Management, Anand http://www.irma.ac.in/
Inter University Consortium for Department of Atomic Energy Facilities (IUC-DAEF), Calcutta www.iuc.res.in
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) www.iipsindia.org
Jadavpur University www.jadavpur.edu
Jain Vishva Bharati Institute www.jvbi.ac.in/
Jamia Millia Islamia jmi.nic.in
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) www.jipmer.edu
Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) www.jncasr.ac.in
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU) www.jntu.ac.in
Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) www.jnu.ac.in
Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya www.sagaruniversity.nic.in/
Kakatiya University www.kuwarangal.com
Kalmathada Pujya Shri Virupaksha Sivacharya Ayurved Medical College, Raichur http://www.ayurvediccollegemanvi.org
Kannada University(Kamalapura) www.kannadauniversity.org/
Karnatak University(Dharwad). www.kud.ernet.in/
Karnatak State Open University http://www.ksoumysore.com/
Kendriya Hindi Sansthan hindi.nic.in
Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan http://kvsangathan.nic.in/
Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology (KMIO) www.kar.nic.in/kidwai
Kumaun University www.kumaununiversity.org/
Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education (LNIPE) www.lnipe.edu
Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration(LBSNAA) www.lbsnaa.ernet.in
Madurai Kamaraj University www.mkuniversity.org/
Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS) mids.tn.nic.in
Maharana Pratap University of Agrilcuture & Technology www.mpuat.ac.in/
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (MSUB) http://www.msubaroda.ac.in/
Mahatma Gandhi State Institute of Public Administration, Punjab (MGSIPAP) www.mgsipap.org
Mahatma Phule KrishiVidyapeeth mpkv.mah.nic.in/
Maharshi Dayanand University www.mdurohtak.com
M.J.P. Rohilkhand University mjpru.ac.in/
Manipal Academy of Higher Education
http://www.manipal.edu/
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University www.msuniversitytvl.net/
Mangalore University www.mangaloreuniversity.ac.in/
Malaviya Regional Engineering College recjai.nic.in
Maulana Azad National Urdu University manuu.ac.in/
Mehta Research Institute of Physics & Mathematical Physics www.mri.ernet.in
Mission Reach www.missionreach.org
Mizoram University www.mzu.edu.in/
Medical College Trivandrum
www.mctrivandrum.com
MIT Accreditation of Computer Courses (DOEACC) www.doeacc.org.in
Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur www.mlsu.org
Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College, Allahabad (MNREC) mnrec.nic.in
M.S. University of Baroda www.msubaroda.ac.in/
Nagarjuna University www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in/
Nagpur University (Nagpur). www.nagpuruniversity.org/
Nalanda Open University, www.nalandaopenuniversity.com
National Academy of Customs, Excise and Narcotics (NACEN) personal.vsnl.com/nacen/home.html
National Board of Examinations www.natboard.org
National Cadet Corps (NCC), Karnataka and Goa www.kar.nic.in/ncc
National Civil Defence College, Nagpur ncdcnagpur.nic.in
National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) ncert.nic.in
National Dairy Research Institute karnal.nic.in/res_ndri.asp
National Institute for Small Industries Extension Training (NISIET) www.nisiet.com
National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA) www.niepaonline.org
National Institute of Financial Management (NIFM) http://www.nifm.ac.in/
National Institute of Hydrology, Belgaum www.angelfire.com/bc/nihhrrc
National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee www.nih.ernet.in
National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE) www.nitie.edu
National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (Bangalore). www.nimhans.kar.nic.in/
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) www.niper.nic.in
National Law School of India University www.nls.ac.in
National Law University, Jodhpur http://www.nlujodhpur.ac.in/
National Research Centre for Mushroom (NRCM) www.nrcmushroom.com
National Resource Centre for Value Education valueeducation.nic.in
National Tuberculosis Institute (NTI), Bangalore http://ntiindia.kar.nic.in/
Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti navodaya.nic.in
Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology www.nsit.ac.in
Netaji Subhash Open University http://www.wbnsou.com/
Networking of Social Scientists agrieconet.nic.in
Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences nims.ap.nic.in/
North Gujarat Univedrsity www.ngu.ac.in/
North Maharashtra University www.nmu.ac.in/default.asp
North Eastern Hill University, www.nehu.ac.in/
N.T.R. University of Health Sciences http://203.199.178.93/
Osmania University www.osmania.ac.in
Patna University, Patna. puonline.bih.nic.in/
Pandit RavishankarShukla University, www.prsu.ac.in/
Pondicherry Engineering College www.pec.edu
Pondicherry University www.pondiuni.org
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh pgimer.nic.in
PottiSreeramuluTeluguUniversity teluguuniversity.ac.in/
Punjab University, www.puchd.ac.in/
Punjabi University www.universitypunjabi.org
Rai University, Raipur www.raiuniversity.edu
Ranchi University www.ranchiuniversity.org/
Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya www.rdunijbpin.org
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences http://www.rguhs.ac.in/
Regional Engineering College, Durgapur recdgp.nic.in
Regional Engineering College, Hamirpur recham.ernet.in
Regional Engineering College, Kurukshetra reck.nic.in
Regional Engineering College, Tiruchirappalli (RECT) rangoli.rect.ernet.in
Regional Engineering College, Warangal recw.nic.in
Regional Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur ritj.nic.in
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics www.saha.ernet.in
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow www.sgpgi.ac.in
Sardar Patel College Of Engineering (SPCE) www.spce.edu
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy, Hyderabad www.svpnpa.gov.in
Sambalpur University www.sambalpuruniversitypgc.in/
Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya ssvv.up.nic.in/
Sardar Patel University www.spuvvn.edu/
Saurashtra University www.saurashtrauniversity.edu/
Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) serc-dst.org
SGS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai www.kem.edu
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology www.icar.org.in/sherk/welcome.htm
Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences http://www.skims.ac.in/
Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Sanskrit Vidyapeeth, New Delhi www.slbsrsv.ac.in/home.asp
Shivaji University www.unishivaji.ac.in/
Sikkim Manipal University of Health, www.smuhmts.edu/smu/
South Gujarat University www.sgu.ernet.in/
Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences & Technology (Trivandrum). www.sctimst.ac.in/
Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning www.sssihl.edu.in/
Swamy Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University www.srtmun.org/
Sri Krishnadevaraya University skuniv.ap.nic.in/
Sri Vinkateswara University www.svuniversity.in/
State Institute of Education Technology, Hyderabad siethyd.nic.in
State Institute of Education Technology, Kerala sietkerala.nic.in
State Institute of Education Technology, Orissa sietorissa.nic.in
State Institute of Education Technology, Patna sietpatna.nic.in
State Institute of Education Technology, Pune sietpune.nic.in
State Institute of Education Technology, Uttar Pradesh diksha.nic.in
State Institute of Public Administration and Rural Development (SIPARD) sipard.nic.in
Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Chhattisgarh www.csvtu.ac.in/
Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University www.tndalu.org/
Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University www.tnmmu.ac.in
Tamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education tnuniv.ac.in/tansche/
Tamil Nadu Universities tnuniv.ac.in
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University tnau.ac.in/
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) tanuvas.com
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) tifr.res.in
Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS) tiss.edu
Tata Memorial Centre tatamemorialcentre.com
University of Burdwan buruniv.ac.in/
University of Calcutta, Calcutta caluniv.ac.in/
University Of Jammu jammuuniversity.in/
University Of Kashmir 203.129.216.164/index.html
University of Kalyani klyuniv.ac.in/
University of Kerala keralauniversity.edu
University of Lucknow lkouniv.ac.in/
University of Mumbai mu.ac.in
University of Mysore uni-mysore.ac.in/
University of Pune unipune.ernet.in
University of Rajasthan uniraj.ernet.in/
University Department of Chemical Technology (UDCT), University of Mumbai udct.org
University of Agricultural Sciences uasbng.kar.nic.in
University of Delhi du.ac.in
University of Hyderabad www.uohyd.ernet.in/
University of Madras unom.ac.in/
Utkal University utkal-university.org/
V.V.Giri National Labour Institute vvgnli.org
Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute (VJTI) vjti.ac.in
Veer Bahadur Sing Purvanchal University vbspu.ac.in/
Vidyasagar University vidyasagar.ac.in/
Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan visva-bharati.ac.in/
Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University ycmou.com/
Yeshwantrao Chavan Academy of Development Administration (YASHADA) yashada.org

What Is Equity Trading?

2010-08-12T18:04:00.000+05:30

Trading equities involves more than stock trading. Equity trading in the public markets can involve many different securities, requiring diverse strategies and trading skills. Skilled traders will know the related trading strategies that complement their objectives.
Definition
1. Trading equity refers to the universe of stocks, options and preferred stock in public markets. Equity trading specifically eliminates debt trading.
Where Does Equity Trading Take Place?
2. Trading equities usually takes place in public markets, both domestic and overseas. Equity trades can take place at almost any time of the day or night. Trading securities not on a listed exchange involves cost inefficiencies due to lack of liquidity. It is possible to trade equities through the futures markets.
The Electronic Market
3. Equity trading now involves the electronic matching of buy and sell orders. This is true for almost all exchanges. Large orders on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) are sometimes handled by specialists.
Bid and Offer Price
4. Equity markets provide a bid and offer price for every trade. The difference, or spread, is earned by market makers that make trading profits from the constant buying and selling of stocks by the investing public.
The Many Forms of Equity
5. Common stock refers to the proportionate ownership of a company. Preferred stock has both equity and debt-like components. Equity trading also refers to options, warrants and convertible preferred stock.
Trading Techniques
6. Equities may be traded for short-term and long-term profits. Equities can be traded as part of a technique combining the value of options and stocks. This is called arbitrage. Stocks bought to capture stock dividends is another popular strategy.

What is trading on equity?

2010-08-12T18:03:00.001+05:30

Trading on equity occurs when a corporation uses bonds, other debt, and preferred stock to increase its earnings on common stock. For example, a corporation might use long term debt to purchase assets that are expected to earn more than the interest on the debt. The earnings in excess of the interest expense on the new debt will increase the earnings of the corporation’s common stockholders. The increase in earnings indicates that the corporation was successful in trading on equity.

If the newly purchased assets earn less than the interest expense on the new debt, the earnings of the common stockholders will decrease.

TheForexArticles.com Will Return In September

2010-08-12T17:59:00.001+05:30

In the meantime you might want to check out my main 4 hour trading strategy by filling in the form to the right, if you haven't already done so. Plus if you're new to forex trading, you might wish to check out Bill Poulos' very affordable forex course, which will teach you all the basics of forex trading, and will also provide you with a simple trading strategy that you can use to trade the markets.

Anyway that's about it from me. I'll talk to you again in September.

Best Intraday Tips

2010-08-12T17:55:00.000+05:30

Intraday (Tips) Trading is a very important aspect of trading in Stocks and Commodities Markets. People often tend to ignore intraday trading and also there is a general myth that no one can money by trading intraday in the financial markets. Contrary to this belief of the mass, I feel a lot of money can be made by Intraday trading and it can be much more than forms of trading.

Intraday / Tips trading also known as day trading is a style of trading in which a trader buy/sell a security and close the position the very same day with no overnight risk. The only risk which he has is the risk of intraday movement of stock price. Due to the very same reason the there is a very limited risk in intraday trades as compared to Positional / BTST trades, as the later have the overnight risk due to which you can lose a major part of your capital even if you have a extremely high or low market opening the very next day. In a sense you are protected against the gap up and gap down openings of the markets rather they might provide you as a buying or selling opportunity

Intraday traders have a freedom to go short on a stock by any quantity which is not there for positional traders and also small traders. As you are not allowed to carry short position in Cash Segment for overnight trading you have to trade in Futures for the same if you want to go short on a stock for overnight trading. In futures trading the Lot size for trades is fixed and thus it creates a restriction on the trader to trade that minimum quantity, which may not be possible for many small traders. Also many stocks are not available for futures trading so you cannot take short positions in such stocks. On the other hand while trading in Intraday segment you can take short or long position on almost all the stocks and that too in any quantity. So it is more convenient and easy for small traders as well

Intraday Tips /traders do not require much capital as the brokers often provide a high leverage for intraday trading , so the trader just needs to put margin money from his side and rest is being paid by broker for taking a positions. The limit / leverage varies from broker to broker, it can be 5x(10 times) to 25x, depending upon you relation with the broker and your credibility. But this leverage is often being misused by most of the intraday traders in the Indian Stock Market and commodities markets. People indulge into the act of overtrading with managing the risk and thus end up losing a major chunk of their capital in a single day or trade. For ex. You take a position of 2.5 lacs on stock even have a margin money of Rs.10,000 in you account, if the stock goes against you trade by 3% you lose Rs. 7,500 which is 75% of you original capital. This way it can be risky but this risk can be managed by deciding the trading size and keeping stoploss for every trade.

Intraday Tips / trading sometimes become very difficult for amateurs as well as the expert traders when the market is sideways , or if the trader is not able take a right decision. In such circumstances the trader starts losing huge amount of money in a very small time, which is bad for his financial health.

Thus one should chose for a right partner to get the best Indian Stock Market Intraday Tips , which are not only the best but also accurate , reliable, time tested and fruitful. You have many options available in the markets but the Intraday Stock and Nifty Tips from BullRider and also the Commodity Tips from them are the best in the Markets and have been the reason behind the success of thousands of Indian traders globally. For the same reason you should stick to the expert in Intraday trading tips and go for their Paid services so that you can really make money from trading Intraday with a very low risk and high return

Stock Market Tips & Share Tips

2010-08-12T17:53:00.000+05:30

Indian Stock Market and MCX Commodity Markets are very volatile in its very nature. The recent past clearly supports this argument. We have witnessed several incidents where stocks have surged multiple times significantly, in a very short span of time. In addition to this, there have been many occasions where stocks trembled to almost nothing in just a days or few. Almost everyone in this market is aware of the fact that, timing is one of the most crucial success factors in the Indian Share Markets. Right decision on right time cannot be compared with anything.

It takes a lot of time, resources, and experience to analyze share market trends, chart patterns and news related to share market to come up with accurate and profitable Share Tips and Commodity Trading Tips. Great deal of analysis is required for understanding and analyzing technical patterns in the share market. Not to mention, daily research and up to date knowledge is also required to come up with share tips that work and work perfectly. This surely is an extensive task which requires great deal of efforts, experience, resources and expertise. This is the reason why BullRider is here for you.
Why Share Tips / MCX Commodity Tips from BullRider

* Professionals at BullRider bring together years of experience of Indian Stock Market to get the best of the market information for you. We have been carrying out analysis and going through market movement since years. This gives us the ability to carry out detailed and accurate technical analysis in order to come up with share tips that actually work.

* Being in the industry for several years allows us to use our experience and sources to get the best calls for our trading clients. We use all we can to get timely information for clients, by tracking broader indices like NSE Nifty and International indices like Dow Jones, FTSE. As expected, these great calls are shared with clients in the first place, before masses get to know about the valuable information. Our well-calculated share tips enable our clients to make profits in Indian Stock Market in all kinds of market conditions.

* Share tips are provided during Live Market hours, while tracking the market and analyzing the trends on real time basis. Our clients don’t need to worry about market fluctuations, as we utilize our time in doing it. All our clients need to do is to receive the share tips through SMS or Yahoo! Messenger so as to enjoy benefits offered by wise investments in Indian Share Market.

* We cater all kinds of traders / investors and each client is special to us. No matter whether you trade in NSE Nifty or Stocks or Commodities, Futures or Options or Cash Markets, we have professionals to serve you to bring best possible Share tips.

* We have proved ourselves with accurate share tips from the very beginning. So far, we have served a large number of clients all over India and abroad. Numerous institutional and retail traders have met success in Indian Share Market with our share and nifty tips. And, we are still growing stronger, day by day.
* Share Tips from BullRider area result of intense and in depth research of market over a long period of time using time tested and reliable techniques which have been proven successful even in the times of panic in the markets. Accurate stock tips and NSE tips along with the customer driven approach are the building blocks which support us on where we stand today.

Your search for accurate Share Tips , Stock Calls and Hot Stock Tips (Share Market Tips) ends here, as we cater all kind of traders & investors be it short term traders, Intraday traders, positional traders in NSE Stocks /Nifty Futures / Stocks Futures / MCX Commodities Tips

Religionwise Festivals - One India many Religions

2010-01-04T14:23:00.000+05:30

India is considered to be a spiritual and holy land where several religions are followed and many deities are worshipped. In India, Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism and Jainism are the main religions which are rigorously practiced and followed. The other native Indian religions include Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, and Parsism.
But in modern era, Hinduism is mainly practiced and obeyed. The other natively Indian religions include Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. More than nine-tenths of Indian state holds priority where religion plays very important role.
Moreover, Hinduism is considered to be the largest religion in India. Then comes Islam, which is a monotheistic religion centered around the belief in one God and following the example of Muhammad, then falls Christianity, which is centered on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in the New Testament. Then comes, Buddhism which is a , nontheistic religion and philosophy. Buddhists form majority populations in the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, and the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir.
Then comes Jainism, which revolves as a nontheistic dharmic religion and philosophical system originating in Iron Age India. Sikhism which commenced in early 16th century in North India acquiring all the teachings of Nanak. Then finally comes Parsis religion which is quite popular.

1. Hindu Festivals
2. Muslim Festivals
3. Sikhs Festivals
4. Jains Festivals
5. Christian Festivals
6. Buddhists Festivals
7. Sindhis Festivals
8. Parsi Festivals

Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti

2010-01-04T14:17:00.000+05:30

Celebrated by the Sikhs, the birthday of their tenth and last guru, this day witnesses’ large processions and special prayer gatherings at all Gurudwaras.
Background
Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Nanak (Sikh Guru), was born at Patna Sahib on December 22, 1666, (Poh Sudi Saptmi). His birthday generally falls in December or January or sometimes twice within a year as it is calculated according to Hindu Bikrami Calendar, which is based on the lunar calendar. According to the Nanakshahi Calendar, the birthday of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib falls annually on January 5.

Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti : An overview of Guru Gobind Singh's life
Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708 C.E.) lived during an extremely dangerous time. His father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, had sacrificed his life to protect the freedom of worship by Hindus, who were being threatened with conversion or death by zealous Muslim rulers. Abduction of women and pillage of goods were rampant, but the people were too timid and terrorized to resist. In the midst of this political situation, Guru GobindSingh gained great stature as both Saint and soldier a leader of firm spiritual principles and intense devotion to God, and at the same time, fearless dedication to protecting all people from oppression and injustice through the practice of Kshatradharma.
Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti
In 1699, He dramatically initiated five men from the lower castes as His Five Beloveds, blessing them with great courage as well as nearness to God. They became models for the Khalsa, the Order of the Pure, which Guru GobindSingh created to stand on the front line against injustice. The Khalsa were held to a very strict moral and spiritual discipline and under Guru Gobind Singh's courageous inspiration, helped to turn the tide against Mughal oppression in India.
In addition to his spiritual and military leadership, Guru Gobind Singh was a gifted intellectual and had many poets in his court. He was inspired to write many powerful spiritual compositions that infused a martial spirit in the people.
This included the Jaap Sahib, but He did not include them in the Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib. His writings have instead been collected in a separate volume, called the Dasam Granth. Upon His passing away, He instructed his Sikhs to regard the Guru Granth Sahib as their teacher. 'Granth' literally means 'volume' (especially, a Holy volume). 'Sahib' is a term of reverence used for anything sacred. The Guru Granth Sahib is the perpetual guru of the Sikhs today.
The prasad of Ugadi/Gudi Padwa is the bitter leaves of the neem tree with jaggery. There are special foods prepared for this festival. In the southern states, puligore-a sour tamarind rice dish, bobbatlu, holige- sweet stuffed bread and Ugadi Pachadi made of jagerry, raw mango pieces, neem flowers and tamarind is prepared. In Maharastra, shrikhand -a fragrant yogurt dessert, with poori-a fried puffy bread is prepared.

New Year Superstitions For Every One

2009-12-30T16:22:00.000+05:30

People across the globe trust in certain superstitions related to New Year's Day. Underlying idea behind most of these superstitions is that events occurring on New Year's Day sets the pattern for the rest of the year. According to customs prevalent in their society, people perform auspicious acts to invite Lady Luck and ward off evil. Given here are some of the most astonishing and popular New Year Superstitions:

Wear New Clothes : People believe that one should wear new clothes on a New Year's Day. This would mean receiving more new garments during the year. Red clothing is preferred for New Year's Day since red is considered a happy colour and is sure to attract for the wearer a brighter future.

Avoid Crying : It is said that one should avoid breaking things or crying and wailing on the first day of the year, if you don't want to continue the pattern for the entire year.

Be Polite : People say that one should behave nicely on New Year and must refrain from using foul language. Ghost stories and conversations on death should also be avoided.

Lucky New Year Babies : Babies born on 1st January is said to be the luckiest of all throughout their lives.

Don't Let Money Leave the House : In several countries, people do not let money, jewelry, precious items or other invaluable things leave home on New Year Day. Hence it is said that one should not pay loans and bills or lend things to anybody. People go to the extent of not taking out garbage or even not dusting their carpets on this day to ensure that nothing goes out of home during the year. If you have to deliver presents on New Year morning, it is advised to leave them in the car since New Year Eve on December 31st. In case you must take something out from the home, let someone come with the present inside the home first.

Letting the Old Year Out : At midnight, all the doors of a house must be opened to let the old year escape unimpeded.

Stack Up Cupboards and Wallets : It is believed that cupboards stocked up with food and wallets and purses full of money bring prosperity in New Year. Similarly, empty pockets or empty cupboards on New Years Eve portend a year of poverty.

Do not Wash Dishes : In several societies washing dishes and doing laundry on New Year's day is said to lead to a death in the family during the year. Many people do not even wash hair on New Year day.

Do Token Amount of Work : It is said that one must do token amount of work on the New Year's Day. This is said to ensure advancement in career. But starting out a serious work project is unlucky on New Year Day.

Make Noise : People believe that Evil One and his attendants and servants hate din and loud noise. So, scare them away by being as loud in New Year celebrations as possible. Church bells are rung at midnight for the same reason.

Don't Keep Debts : Pay your bills and loans before New Year Eve, so you don't have any debt left for New Year.

Eat Black-Eyes Peas : In Southern part of the United States it is said that eating of black-eyed peas on New Year's Day will attract both general good luck and money in particular to the one doing the dining.

Kiss at Midnight : It is believed that kissing at midnight ensures that affections and ties will continue throughout the New Year. On similar lines, it is said, to not do this would be to set the stage for a year of coldness.

First Footing : One must never leave the home before someone comes in first. First footer in the house should be ushered in with a warm welcome and should not have flat feet, cross-eyes or eyebrows stretching out to meet in the middle. It would be even better if he came bearing certain small gifts.

The Direction of Wind : The direction of wind during sunrise on New Year morning prophesies about the coming year. Wind from south foretells fine weather and prosperous times ahead while wind from north foretells bad weather. Wind blowing from east foretells natural calamities and wind from west foretells plenty of milk and fish for all but death of a person of great national importance. No wind means joy and prosperity throughout the year.

Dance in the Open Air : To dance in the open air, especially round a tree, on New Year's Day ensures luck in love and prosperity and freedom from ill health during the coming twelve months.

Find Future Groom : On New Year's Day if, on rising, a girl should look out of her bedroom window and see a man passing by, she may reckon to be married before the year is finished.

Drain the Bottle : You could ensure yourself good fortune by draining the last dregs from a bottle of drink on New Years!