Antalya, tourism centers of Turkey

Alanya History,Tourism Place Of Antalya

2011-04-20T07:52:00.000-07:00

Alanya Pri Reis

Although first fortified in the Hellenistic period following the area's conquest by Alexander the Great, the castle rock was likely inhabited under the Hittites and the Persian Empire.Finds in the nearby Kadrini cave indicate occupation during the Paleolithic era as far back as 20,000 BC. A Phoenician language tablet found in the district dates to 625 BC, and the city is specifically mentioned in the 4th-century BC Greek geography manuscript, the periplus of Pseudo-Scylax. Alexander's successors left the area to Ptolemy I Soter after 323 BC. His dynasty maintained loose control over the mainly Isaurian population, and the port became a popular refuge for Mediterranean pirates.The city resisted Antiochus III the Great of the neighboring Seleucid kingdom in 199 BC, but was loyal to the pirate Diodotus Tryphon when he seized the Seleucid crown from 142 to 138 BC. His rival Antiochus VII Sidetes completed work in 137 BC on a new castle and port, begun under Diodotus Tryphon.

The Roman Republic fought Cilician pirates in 102 BC, when Marcus Antonius the Orator established a proconsulship in nearby Side, and in 78 BC under Servilius Vatia, who moved on the Isaurian tribes.The period of piracy in Alanya finally ended after the city's incorporation into the Pamphylia province by Pompey in 67 BC, with the Battle of Korakesion fought in the city's harbor.Isaurian banditry remained an issue under the Romans, and the tribes revolted in the fourth and fifth centuries AD, with the largest rebellion being from 404 to 408. After the Roman Empire's collapse and split, the city remained under Byzantine influence, becoming a suffragan of Side, in the metropolis of Pamphylia Prima.Islam arrived in the 7th century with Arab raids, which led to the construction of new fortifications.681 marked the end of a bishopric in Alanya, although St. Peter of Atroa may have taken refuge here from iconoclastic persecution in the early 9th century. The area fell from Byzantine control after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 to tribes of Seljuk Turks, only to be returned in 1120 by John II Komnenos.

Following the Fourth Crusade's attack on the Byzantines, the Christian Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia periodically held the port, and it was from an Armenian, Kir Fard, that the Turks took lasting control in 1221 when the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan Alaeddin Kayqubad I captured it, assigning the former ruler, whose daughter he married, to the governance of the city of Akşehir.Seljuk rule saw the golden age of the city, and it can be considered the winter capital of their empire.Building projects, including the twin citadel, city walls, arsenal, and Kızıl Kule, made it an important seaport for western Mediterranean trade, particularly with Ayyubid Egypt and the Italian city-states.Alaeddin Kayqubad I also constructed numerous gardens and pavilions outside the walls, and many of his works can still be found in the city. These were likely financed by his own treasury and by the local emirs, and constructed by the contractor Abu 'Ali al-Kattani al-Halabi. Alaeddin Kayqubad I's son, Sultan Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev II, continued the building campaign with a new cistern in 1240.

At the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1242, the Mongol hordes broke the Seljuk hegemony in Anatolia. Alanya was then subject to a series of invasions from Anatolian beyliks. In 1293, the Karamanoğlu dynasty took control after Mecdüddin Mahmud conquered the city, but their rule was intermittent.Lusignans from Cyprus briefly overturned the then ruling Hamidoğlu Beylik in 1371.The Karamanoğlu sold the city in 1427 for 5,000 gold coins to the Mamluks of Egypt for a period before General Gedik Ahmed Pasha in 1471 incorporated it into the growing Ottoman Empire. The city was made a capital of a local sanjak in the eyalet of Içel.The Ottomans extended their rule in 1477 when they brought the main shipping trade, lumber, then mostly done by Venetians, under the government monopoly.On September 6, 1608, the city rebuffed an naval attack by the Order of Saint Stephen from the Republic of Venice.

The Seljuk era Tersane was a drydock for ships.

Trade in the region was negatively impacted by the development of an oceanic route from Europe around Africa to India, and in the tax registers of the late sixteenth century, Alanya failed to qualify as an urban center.In 1571 the Ottomans designated the city as part of the newly conquered province of Cyprus.The conquest further diminished the economic importance of Alanya's port. Traveler Evliya Çelebi visited the city in 1671/1672, and wrote on the preservation of Alanya Castle, but also on the dilapidation of Alanya's suburbs.The city was reassigned in 1864 under Konya, and in 1868 under Antalya, as it is today.During the 18th and 19th centuries numerous villas were built in the city by Ottoman nobility, and civil construction continued under the local dynastic Karamanid authorities.Bandits again became common across Antalya Province in the mid-nineteenth century.
After World War I, Alanya was nominally partitioned in the 1917 Agreement of St.-Jean-de-Maurienne to Italy, before returning to the Turkish Republic in 1923 under the Treaty of Lausanne.Like others in this region, the city suffered heavily following the war and the population exchanges that heralded the Turkish Republic, when many of the city's Christians resettled in Nea Ionia, outside Athens. The Ottoman census of 1893 listed the number of Greeks in the city at 964 out of a total population of 37,914.Tourism in the region started among Turks who came to Alanya in the 1960s for the alleged healing properties of Damlataş Cave, and later the access provided by Antalya Airport in 1998 allowed the town to grow into an international resort. Strong population growth through the 1990s was a result of immigration to the city, and has driven a rapid modernization of the infrastructure.

Alanya,Tourism Place Of Antalya

2011-04-20T07:45:00.000-07:00

Alanya,Tourism Place Of Antalya.Alanya (pronounced [aˈɫanja]), formerly Alaiye, is a beach resort city and a component district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey, 166 kilometres (103 mi) from the city of Antalya. On the southern coast of Turkey, the district (which includes the city and its built-up area) has an area of 1,598.51 km2 and (2010 Census) 248,286 inhabitants (city 98,627).The population is almost entirely of Turkish origin, but is home to around 10,000 European residents.

Because of its natural strategic position on a small peninsula into the Mediterranean Sea, below the Taurus Mountains, Alanya has been a local stronghold for many Mediterranean-based empires, including the Ptolemaic, Seleucid, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires. Alanya's greatest political importance came in the Middle Ages, with the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm under the rule of Alaeddin Kayqubad I, from whom the city derives its name. His building campaign resulted in many of the city's landmarks, such as the Kızıl Kule (Red Tower), Tersane (Shipyard), and Alanya Castle.

The Mediterranean climate, natural attractions, and historic heritage makes Alanya a popular destination for tourism, and responsible for nine percent of Turkey's tourism sector and thirty percent of foreign purchases of real estate in Turkey. Tourism has risen since 1958 to become the dominant industry in the city, resulting in a corresponding increase in city population. Warm-weather sporting events and cultural festivals take place annually in Alanya. Mayor Hasan Sipahioğlu, of the Justice and Development Party, has led the city since 1999.

NAME

The city has changed hands many times over the centuries, and its name has reflected this. Alanya was known in Latin as Coracesium or in Greek as Korakesion from the Luwian Korakassa meaning "point/protruding city". Under the Byzantine Empire it become known as Kalonoros or Kalon Oros, meaning "beautiful/fine mountain" in Greek.The Seljuks renamed the city Alaiye (علاعية), a derivative of the Sultan Alaeddin Kayqubad I's name. In the 13th and 14th centuries, Italian traders called the city Candelore or Cardelloro.In his 1935 visit, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk finalized the name in the new alphabet as Alanya, changing the 'i' and 'e' in Alaiye, reportedly because of a misspelled telegram in 1933.

Lara Beach.Tourism Place Of Antalya.

2011-04-19T07:55:00.000-07:00

Lara is a district of Antalya city, Turkey. Its famous beach, Lara beach, is one of the longest sand beaches in Turkey. Lara is the home to many themed 5 to 7 star hotels, mainly in the Kundu area. Most of the hotels are replicas of famous places around the world (for example Topkapi Palace, Venice, Kremlin) which has led to the area being nicknamed "Las Vegas in Turkey". The Lara name is Luwian for sand.

Karaalioglu Park.Tourism Place Of Antalya.

2011-04-19T07:44:00.000-07:00

Karaalioglu Park (Turkish : Karaaliolu Park) is a big park in Antalya, Turkey. It is actually to the south of Kaleii in the city centre, easy strained on foot or by tram. The city manager's agency, Municipal urban center dramaturgy, and an ancient fort sent for Hdrlk Tug overtopping the Roman seaport, aspect of the drops off and the all encompassing dark area of the Gulf of Antalya are major attractive forces of the park.

Urban History museum is designing to the park for 2010.

Hadrian's Gate.Tourism Place Of Antalya.

2011-04-15T08:41:00.000-07:00

The Hadrian's Gate, or Hadrianus Gate, or Üçkapılar (last one means "The Three Gates" in Turkish) is a triumphal arch which was built in the name of the Roman emperor Hadrian, who visited Antalya in the year 130. It has three arched gates. According to the legend, Sultan Belkis, the Queen of Sheba, is said to have passed under those gates and enjoyed a happy day in the palace in Aspendos on her way to visit King Solomon. Formerly the city walls enclosed the outside of the gate and it was not used for many years. This may be the reason why it has not been harmed, and it was only revealed when the walls collapsed. It is considered as Pamphylia's most beautiful Gate. The upper part has three apertures in the shape of a cupola, and except for the pillars is built entirely of white marble. The ornamentation is very striking. The original Gate was two storeys but little is known of the top storey.

On either side of the Gate are towers, which are known not to have been built at the same time. The southern one is known as the Julia Sancta tower and is a work of the Hadrian era. It was constructed of plain stone blocks. While the base of the northern tower belongs to antiquity, the upper part is left over from the Seljuks.

Hıdırlık Tower.Tourism Place Of Antalya.

2011-04-15T08:33:00.000-07:00

Hıdırlık Tower (Turkish : Hıdırlık Kulesi) is a turning point tower of tawny brown rock in Antalya, Dud, where Kaleii foregathers Karaalioglu Park. It is believed to be built in Hellenistic epoch on a straight program and later turned into orbitual tower in 2nd century and was either used as a munition or a beacon light in the past. (1).

The tower is situated at the southern side of the situation, where the earth walls of the city bring together the sea walls. The 14m high body structure consists a rotary tower uprising on a quadratic footstall. The tower's gate at the eastern side goes to a little room, from where a narrow stairway goes up. There are signals of restoration work on the upper piece done in the Seljuk and Footstool earned run averages.Hıdırlık Tower is skirted today with many cafs and eateries having panoramic view of the Gulf of Antalya.

Antalya Museum.Tourism Place of Antalya.

2011-04-15T08:21:00.000-07:00

The Antalya Museum or Antalya Archeological Museum (Turkish : Antalya Mzesi) is one of Turkey's largest museums, located in Konyaalt, Antalya. It includes 13 exhibition halls and an open air gallery. It covers an area of 7,000 square metres (75,000 sq ft) and has 5000 works of art are exhibited. In addition a further 25 - 30,000 artifacts which can not be displayed are in storage. (1) As a museum exhibiting examples of works, which illuminate the history of the Mediterranean and Pamphylia regions in Anatolia, Antalya Museum is one of the most important of Turkey's museums. The Museum won the European Council Special Prize in 1988.

History of the Museum
At the end of the First World War, during the time when Antalya was under the Italian military occupation, Italian archaeologists started to remove the archeologic hoarded wealths that had been ascertained in the centre or the environses to the Italian Embassy, which they claimed to do in the name of civilisation. To keep these openings, Sleyman Fikri Bey, the Grand Turk's instructor, applied to the Antalya post and jurisdiction of the provincial Governor in 1919 and had himself charged as voluntary officeholder of antiquities and first assayed to shew the Antalya Museum by pulling together what stayed in the center. The museum at first manoeuvred in the Aleddin Mosque in 1922, then in Yivli Minare Mosque getting down from 1937, and then locomoted to its present building in 1972. It was closed to visitants for a wide range of changes and restorations in 1982. It was reorganised allotting to a modern coming for a museum and opened up to the world in Apr 1985, after the regainings and video display arrang.

Halls

Antalya Regional Museum consists of 13 exhibition rooms, 1 open-air exhibition area, laboratories, a storeroom, repair shops, a photographic room, a conference hall, administrative offices, a cafeteria and living quarters for museum officials. The exhibition rooms are as follows:

Natural History Hall
Shows living creatures from man down to one celled animals, charts and pictures, fossils and bones.

Pre-History Hall
Here are exhibited works found in Karain, Okuzini and Sehahoyuk. Karain is a cave, which has been the scene of a continuous series of civilizations. The works range from those of the Paleolithic to those of the Roman Age. Works include animal fossils and kitchen utensils.

Proto-History Hall
Here are exhibited works from the Neolithic, Calcolithic, and Early Bronze Age found in Hacilar. Excavations at Semahoyuk and its surroundings found most of the works.

Classic Period Hall
Here there are works dating from the Mycenaean Age to the Hellenistic Age, including earthenware figurines, wine bowls, and dishes. In one of the Hellenistic showcases is an important statuette of Apollo. Besides these are statuary works from the Roman period, which make up the largest section of the museum.

Statuary Hall
In this room are exhibited statues of mythological figures dating from the 2-3 centuries AD, Roman period. They were found in excavations at Perge.

Hall of Small Objects
Here are exhibited lamps and glass objects dating from the Roman and Byzantine periods, a gold inlay silver tray found by treasure hunters at Kumluca, incense holders and lamps (6th Century AD). To the front of the room are lintel figures from a tomb found opposite Lymira.

Hall of Imperial Statues
Here are exhibited statues portraying emperors, empresses and other personages from the Roman period. They were found in excavations at Perge. In the center of the room is a large statue of Plankia Magna, a great administrator who contributed much towards the development of Perge during that city's golden period. There are also statues of the Emperor Hadrian, and the Emperor Septimus Severius and his wife.

Sarcophagus Hall
Sarcophagi from the Roman period from Pamphilia and Sidemara are displayed here. The most beautiful of these are the Domitias sarcophagus, and the one showing the twelve labors of Hercules.

The Mosaic Hall
Here are exhibited Byzantine period mosaics found in excavations at Ksantos, and icons, from the region around Antalya.

Hall of Coins
Examples of gold, electron, silver, and copper coins from the Hellenistic to Ottoman periods are displayed in here. The most interesting of these are the city and imperial coins.

Turkish - Islamic Period Works
This room contains examples of Seljuk and Ottoman tiles, Anatolian carpets from the Ottoman period, inscriptions, books, candlesticks etc.

Ethnographic Hall
Here are exhibited clothes, embroidery, weapons, and metal objects from the region of Antalya. One corner of the room has been furnished as a typical Anatolian house.

Children's section
A hall in the entrance of the museum was organized as a Children's Museum, which is the first of its kind in Turkey. In the display windows of this section, there are various children's toys and antique moneyboxes. Simple restorations, and educational activity opportunities for ceramic sculpture and drawing are provided and their works are presented in the studio section, in order to make the children enjoy museums, antique objects and to awaken their interest.

Yivli Minare.Tourism Place Of Antalya.

2011-04-14T04:23:00.000-07:00

The Yivli Minare Mosque (Ulu camii) is located in Antalya, Turkey. It is one of the first islamic buildings in the city. The mosque's fluted minaret, which is decorated with dark blue tiles, is a landmark and symbol of the city. The mosque was first built in 1230 and fully reconstructed in 1373. The minaret is 38 metres (125 ft) high, built on a square stone base, with eight fluted sections and has 90 steps to the top.

The first building (1230) may have been a Byzantine church originally and may have been converted into a mosque around 1225-7, during the reign of the Seljuk sultan Ala ad-Din Kay Qubadh I (1220-1237). The original mosque was destroyed in the 14th century and a new mosque was built which, with its six domes, is one of the oldest examples of multi-dome construction in Anatolia.

Today the building houses the Antalya Ethnographic Museum and contains clothing, kitchen utensils, embroidery, tapestries and looms, socks, sacks, kilims, ornaments, and nomadic tents. It was open.

Yivli Minare.Tourism Place Of Antalya.

Kesik Minare.Tourism Place In Antalya

2011-04-14T04:12:00.000-07:00


Kesik Minare

The Kesik Minare (Broken Minaret) standing in the streets of Kaleii (Old Antalya) in Turkey was originally built as a Roman temple in the 2nd century AD. In the 7th century, it was converted into a Byzantine church in honor of the Virgin Mary, but it was heavily damaged in the 8th century during the Arab invasions. In the 10th century it was repaired again. The church was converted into a mosque when the Great Seljuq Empire acquired Antalya. It was then when the actual minaret was added. In 1361 - when the crusader king of Cyprus took Antalya from the Seljuks - it became a church again, only to become reconverted into a mosque during the rule of Sehzade Korkut. The temple turned church turned mosque was destroyed in a fire of 1846, but the minaret survived, as the Kesik Minare.

Kaleiçi.City Center Of Antalya

2011-04-13T16:06:00.000-07:00

Scene around Kaleiçi.

Kaleii, the fixed historical nitty gritty of the city - with its hotels, bars, gilds, eating places, and shopping - holds back much of its historical graphic symbol ; its return came through the Golden Apple Tourism Prize.

The city includes land sites with tinctures of Lycian, Pamphylian, and Hellenistic - but chiefly Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman - architecture and cultures.

Cumhuriyet Square, the main square of the city, on occasion characteristics impermanent open air expos and operations.

Kaleii, with its narrow cobbled streets of historic Turkish and Greek houses, is the old midpoint of Antalya - now chiefly hotels, gift shops, and bars. New hotels, such as the Sheraton, brook along the seashore above the Konyaalti and Lara beaches.

History Of Antalya City

2011-04-13T15:03:00.000-07:00

Statue of Attalos II in the city center

It is uncertain when the site of the current city was first inhabited. Attalos II, king of Pergamon, was believed to have founded the city around 150 BC, naming it Attalia and selecting it as a naval base for his powerful fleet. However, excavations in 2008 in the Doğu Garajı district of Antalya have uncovered remains dating to the 3rd century BC, suggesting that the city was founded earlier than previously supposed. Antalya became part of the Roman Republic in 133 BC when King Attalos III of Pergamum willed his kingdom to Rome at his death. The city grew and prospered during the Ancient Roman period.

Christianity started to spread in the region after 2nd century. Antalya was visited by Paul of Tarsus, as recorded in the Acts of the Apostles: "From Perga, Paul and Barnabas went down to Attalia and sailed from there to Antioch after preaching in Pisidia and Pamphylia" (Acts 14:25-26).

Antalya was a major city in the Byzantine Empire. It was the capital of the Byzantine Theme of Carabisiani (Θέμα Kαραβησιάνων, Thema Karavēsianōn), which occupied the southern coasts of Asia Minor and the Aegean Islands. At the time of the accession of John II Comnenus (1118) it was an isolated outpost against the Turks, accessible only by sea.[2] The following year, with the aid of his commander-in-chief John Axuch, John II drove the Turks from the land routes to Antalya and reconnected the city with the rest of the empire.

Hıdırlık Tower dating back to Hellenistic era

The city, along with the surrounding region, was conquered by the Seljuk Turks in the early 13th century. Antalya was the capital of the Turkish beylik of Teke (1321–1423) until its conquest by the Ottomans. The Arabic traveler Ibn Battuta who came to the city in between 1335-1340 noted:

From Alanya I went to Antaliya [Adalia], a most beautiful city. It covers an immense area, and though of vast bulk is one of the most attractive towns to be seen anywhere, besides being exceedingly populous and well laid out. Each section of the inhabitants lives in a separate quarter. The Christian merchants live in a quarter of the town known as the Mina [the Port], and are surrounded by a wall, the gates of which are shut upon them from without at night and during the Friday service. The Greeks, who were its former inhabitants, live by themselves in another quarter, the Jews in another, and the king and his court and Mamluks in another, each of these quarters being walled off likewise. The rest of the Muslims live in the main city. Round the whole town and all the quarters mentioned there is another great wall. The town contains orchards and produces fine fruits, including an admirable kind of apricot, called by them Qamar ad-Din, which has a sweet almond in its kernel. This fruit is dried and exported to Egypt, where it is regarded as a great luxury.

In the second half of the 17th century Evliya Çelebi wrote of a city of narrow streets containing 3,000 houses in twenty Turkish and four Greek neighborhoods. The town had grown beyond the city walls and the port was reported to hold up to 200 boats.

In the 19th century, in common with most of Anatolia, its sovereign was a "dere bey" (land lord or landowner). The family of Tekke Oglu, domiciled near Perge, though reduced to submission in 1812 by Mahmud II, continued to be a rival power to the Ottoman governor until within the present generation, surviving by many years the fall of the other great beys of Anatolia. The records of the Levant (Turkey) Company, which maintained an agency in Antalya until 1825, documented the local dere beys.

Hadrian's Gate

In the 20th century the population of Antalya increased as Turks from the Caucasus and the Balkans moved into Anatolia. By 1911 it was a city of about 25,000 people, including many Christians and Jews, still living in separate quarters around the walled mina or port. The port was served by coast steamers of local companies. Antalya (then Adalia) was picturesque, but ill-built and backward. The chief attraction for visitors was the city wall, and outside a promenade -a portion of which survives to the present. The government offices and the houses of the higher classes were all outside of the walls.[4]

The city was briefly occupied by the Italians from the end of the First World War until the founding of the Turkish Republic in 1923.