ART OF NUMISMATICS BY ROY PAZHAMPILLIL

2014-08-27T00:22:00.000-07:00

ONE TWO THREE FIVE TEN AND TWENTY PAISE COINS

TWENTY FIVE PAISE COINS OF INDIA

FIFTY PAISE COINS OF INDEPENDENT INDIA

ONE RUPEE COINS OF INDEPENDENT INDIA

TWO RUPEES COINS OF INDEPENDENT INDIA

FIVE RUPEES COINS OF INDEPENDENT INDIA

TEN RUPEES AND TWO ANNAS BULL SERIES

BRITISH INDIA COINS BEFORE 1947

COINS OF TRAVANCORE A PRINCELY STATE IN KERALA

FOREIGN COINS PART 1
FOREIGN COINS PART 2
FOREIGN COINS PART 3

RARE COINS

India is also known as “Bharath” the name was given to the whole country after the name of an ancient tribe “Bharathas”. The name “Sind” is derived from a Sanskrit term ‘Sindhu’, and in the course of time the country came to be known as“India

Importance of coins
The study of old coins is called “Numismatics”. Coins are helpful to understand the history of a nation. It is important to determine the chronology, property, territorial extent, religion and relation with neighboring countries of thereigning king and dynasty. The coins are also an index on the economic condition of the country.The earliest coins of India so far found were “punch marked” gold, silver, brass and copper pieces. The Guptha kings in the fourth century AD issued
coins of an improved standard. The political, economic, and religious aspects are well depicted in the coins of the Gupta Kings. It is to be regretted that a large number of the coins have been salted away in foreign countries and large number of coins have been melted by private individuals since they considered these as their private property. For the accurate historical information.coins are indispensable source of the history.

Numismatics

The tern "numismatics" is normally associated with the avocation of collecting coins. The study of coins also plays an important role in archaeology. The archaeologist finds coins useful because they are normally issued by a governing authority and hence constitute a form of official document. The archa eological value of coins arises from the fact that they survive to an extent unmatched by most other documents, both because they are physically durable and because they have value for the members of the society and so are likely to be put away in hoards. As a result coins have revealed the existence of cities and even kingdoms that are not mentioned in the old literary histories. Dated coins or those that can be otherwise identified with a particular epoch –help the archaeologist to fix the age of the level in which he is digging, to organize the chronology of rulers and to establish the dates of events commemorated by certain coins. The designs of coins reveal something of the society’s religion or mythology and reflect the evolution of its art.

(From the book Indian numismatics)

The experiments prove that 1906 sample coins of

India

fall into either4gram or 6 gram group, without a single specimen of 5 grams. The pre 1907 coins have been withdrawn for the greater part or have otherwise tender to disappear from circulation.

with the pure metal used for each denomination, including the rupee, the currency would have a metal well below its denomination, hence the change to brass only emphasis the most universal of all numismatic laws, the inevitable trend towards debasement in

times of stress. For o ur purpose there is a far more serious effect visible in the samples. The minting since 1939 shows a decided increase in variant

and the occurrence of overweight specimens shows that t he old legal remedy (from 1/40 for copper to 1/200 for silver) has been relaxed in practice, whatever the law at present. If this tendency was present in the coins struck during the last Great War (1914-1918) or during the depression years, it is certain to upset the linearity of variance increase, without affecting the law for mean weights.
In the Gupta period, the silver Pana with its subdivisions recognized as standard coin, copper ‘Mashaka’ as token currency. The circulated coins are known as “punch marked”. Coins have no date and not bear the name of any king. Most of the coins have only symbol like sun, moon, animals etc. punched on them. The types of coins are horse men type, elephant-ruder type, standard types, tiger type, archer type etc. the archer type coins are mainly of gold and issued by Skanda Gupta, six types gold coins are issued by Samudra Gupta, and Chandra Gupta . The number of gold coins was reduced during the reign of later Gupta rulers, and used inferior quality gold. Many coins of Chandra Gupta and Samudra Gupta on their reverse bear the image of goddess Laxmi, on the basis of this coin we can prove that the Gupta kings were ‘Vaishnava’ thought. The coins in the Gupta period throw a flood of light on the religious conditions, and personal religion of the Gupta King.

Chandra Gupta II issued Gold, Silver,and copper coins. The gold coins portraying Chandra Gupta as killing a lion instead of tiger. The silver coin

seems to have been for circulation only in the territories conquered by him. Copper coins bear the image of ‘Garuda’ the vehicle of Vishnu on the reverse. He issued flower-type, lion-type, horse type, and sword type coins.

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ART OF NUMISMATICS BY ROY PAZHAMPILLIL