sbtetap.gov.in 2012 dteap.ac.in results C09 -C05 regular backlogs

Electronic Circuit Breaker Collection

2012-02-07T21:09:00.000-08:00

Electronic Circuit Breaker Collection

Electronic Circuit Breaker Collection

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Design

Tags: Circuit Breaker Collection, Electronic Breaker Collection, Electronic Circuit Breaker Collection

Classic amplifier OTL circuit20W

2012-02-07T21:03:00.000-08:00

Classic amplifier OTL circuit20W

Classic amplifier OTL circuit 20W using BC109, AC176, A128

Classic amplifier OTL circuit20W using BC109, AC176

This circuit is Classic Classic amplifier OTL circuit at change quality adaptation. it is model OTL 20Watt hot popular in miss until contain now. Because of there is completed property more than other circuit. In about the popularity in the sound most , compare with reserve the electric power watt be equal group this circuit has will a voice loud very more. Besides still have tall durability convenient for the work PA actually.
From circuit picture use transistor all high-quality. Begin from Differential a pair is first use transistor number BC109, AC176, A128. The part driver circuit Q1 use BC109. The part numbers Drive transistor back pair use BC109, AC176 numbers. For the OTL transistor output use the number , AC176, A128. Then make have the drive has about 20 Watt at load 8 ohm

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: 20 Watt, 20W, 20Watt, 9v, A128, AC176, audio circuit 20W, BC109, Classic amplifier, Classic amplifier OTL, load 8 ohm, OTL, OTL circuit20W, quality, transistor output, work PA

Circuit electronics to determine the humidity of the room

2012-02-07T21:00:00.000-08:00

Circuit to determine the humidity is a comparator, which detects the temperature change is very small in relation to the ambient temperature environment.

Circuit electronics to determine the humidity of the room

Parts:

R1_____________22K Linear Potentiometer (See Notes)
R2_____________15K @ 20°C n.t.c. Thermistor (See Notes)
R3_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
R4,R5,R7,R9____22K 1/4W Resistors
R6____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R8______________5K 1/2W Trimmer Cermet
R10___________680R 1/4W Resistor
C1_____________47µF 63V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1_____________5mm. Red LED
D2_____________5mm. Green LED
IC1___________TL061 Low current BIFET Op-Amp
IC2___________LM393 Dual Voltage Comparator IC
P1_____________SPST Pushbutton
B1_______________9V PP3 Battery
Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Analysis

Tags: Circuit, determine, Electronics, Electronics Circuit, humidity, LM393, room, TL061

Battery Charger Circuit Diagram with Piezo Ttransducer

2012-02-07T20:56:00.000-08:00

Battery Charger Circuit Diagram using LM393, 4011B, 7806, 1N4001, BD140

Battery Charger Circuit Diagram using LM393, 4011B, 7806, 1N4001, BD140

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Power supply

Tags: 1N4001, 4011B, 7806, Battery Charger circuit diagram, Battery Charger Circuit Diagram with Piezo Ttransducer, BD140, LM393

Make the switch touch with the Electronics Schematic Diagram

2012-02-07T20:51:00.000-08:00

Make the switch touch with the Electronics Schematic Diagram

Turn on and off electrical devices using the touch of a button, so you can “play” your electronic devices more enjoyable, Touch the switch can be used in dry places and will not survive wet or very dusty areas.. You only need to add a relay to activate your device that requires a high voltage supply ….

part list:

Part      Total Qty.    Description

C1         1          10uF 16V     Electrolytic Capacitor

R1, R2     2          100K 1/4 Watt Resistor

R3         1          10 Meg 1/4 Watt Resistor

U1         1          4011 CMOS NAND Gate IC

MISC       1          Board, Wire, Socket For U1

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Electronic Circuit

Tags: diagram, Electronics, make, Schematic, Switch, touch

Audio Amplifier Circuit Using STK4151 II

2012-02-07T20:47:00.000-08:00

Audio Amplifier Circuit Using STK4151 II

Audio Amplifier Circuit Using STK4151 II

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: Amplifier, audio, audio amplifier circuit, Circuit, STK4151, STK4151 II, Using

Low Cost 36W Ballast circuit

2012-02-07T20:38:00.000-08:00

Low Cost 36W Ballast circuit using IC IR2156

Low Cost 36W Ballast circuit using IC IR2156

Part 36W Ballast circuit using IC IR2156

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Light

Tags: 36W, Ballast, Circuit, Cost, ic, IR2156, IRF630, Low, Low Cost 36W Ballast circuit using IC IR2156, PN2222A

Noise Reduction

2012-02-07T19:31:00.000-08:00

Tips eliminate audio Noise. NOISE Reduction

I will give the reader some tips on how to eliminate the noise in electronic circuits, why it happened, and how to read Noise Reduction specifications. Usually does not make sense to not know, so it was expected that this paper will help those who are trying to make sense of it all.
Noise has a value greater interference with the sensitive (high gain) circuit, but the information provided by most IC manufacturers and the transistor does not always make choices that best matches the device. Of course, there are a lot of information, but an explanation of what it means and how to apply the appropriate bit.
This short article hopefully will help some confusion.
In this context, noise refers only to the circuit noise, and no hum, buzz or any other foreign outside influences. This is usually due to bad (or wrong) earthing practices, or signal cables running close to or a harmonic magnetic field to produce items such as transformers and bridge rectifiers. Also can blame the radio frequency interference, which will often cause problems if prevention ignored.

Noise Reduction

Even without doing any calculations, we can see that the voice of a resistor is proportional to the resistance and temperature. Operation at high temperature resistors in the input level clearly undesirable, such as high resistance value. This also applies to other resistive device, such as dynamic voice coil (magnetic) microphone, a guitar pickup coils.

Noise Reduction was also the semiconductor device. This is mainly caused by changes in molecular energy levels as a semiconductor device.
Noise Reduction due to low frequency effects, and therefore not so much a problem with the audio circuitry. Become worse as the frequency is reduced, and this can be seen in some data sheets. At the lower frequency extreme, the Noise Reduction level increases. since the beginning of the incoming audio on the audio end of the less powerful

Noise Reduction

Even without doing any calculations, we can see that the voice of a resistor is proportional to the resistance and temperature. Operation at high temperature resistors in the input level clearly undesirable, such as high resistance value. This also applies to other resistive device, such as dynamic voice coil (magnetic) microphone, a guitar pickup coils.

Noise Reduction was also the semiconductor device. This is mainly caused by changes in molecular energy levels as a semiconductor device.

Noise Reduction due to low frequency effects, and therefore not so much a problem with the audio circuitry. Become worse as the frequency is reduced, and this can be seen in some data sheets. At the lower frequency extreme, the Noise Reduction level increases. since the beginning of the incoming audio on the audio end of the less powerfulIn audio electronics term ‘dBv’ refers to decibels relative to 1V RMS, and “DBU” means decibels relative to 775mV. It is also known as dBm, and the old conventions relating to 1mW into 600 Ohm load. This usually happens on the phone, but not much relevance for audio applications. However, we are stuck with it. 0dBv equivalent to 2.2 DBU.

Noise Reduction is often called the input of the amplifier. Because, This allows the calculation of the sound output instantly by simply subtracting the numbers dB. So an amplifier with the ‘Equivalent Input Noise’ (EIN) from-40db gain 120dBu have to have a voice-output 80dBu (120 – 40). This is equivalent to 80dB Signal to Noise ratio (S / N) relative to 0dBu.

According to the theoretical minimum input noise (EIN) for each amplifier is-129dBu. Although not explicitly stated, this indicates that the input will be terminated with a resistance.

Usually, the source 200 ohm resistor will give this number at 25 ° C. Sometimes, a short circuit is used as a substitute, and this provides clear voice performance better. because, although A short circuit is significant, because there is no real world signal source has zero impedance.

This means that the perfect amplifier with a gain of 40db and the 600 ohm source impedance will have an output noise level of-89dBu, and if benefits must be increased to 60dB, the output will be noise-69dBu.

If the noise at the output voltage will increase only 3dB, not 6dB as expected. As a result, we can be fairly sure that it is the input noise is the most sensitive part of a preamp that will set a deadline for the signal to noise ratio of the entire unit.

How to overcome this noise op-amp normally requires little explanation, because this is almost not defined in terms that most constructors will be able to relate to. Data sheet tells you that “noise figure is 5nV / √ Hz”. To get this into something that we can understand, first we need to take ‘the square root of Hz’ and make sense of it. Taken as the audio bandwidth 20Hz to 20kHz, so that the square root of this is …

√ 20,000 = 141 (it was not worth the effort subtracting 20Hz, 141 so close enough)

With a sound figure 5nV / √ Hz, equivalent input noise (EIN), therefore …

5nV x 141 = 707nV

If we assume a typical gain of a phase sensitive microphone 100 (40db) and the output level of 1V (0dBv), this means that the sound output is the same as voice input, multiplied by the benefits. Signal to noise ratio can then be calculated …

707nV x 100 = 70.7uV (EIN =- 120.8dBu)

Signal to noise (dB) = 20 x log (1V / 70.7uV) = 20 x log (14,144) = 83dB

We also can calculate by using dB alone.

EIN =- 120.8dBu

Gain = 40db

S / N = 120,8-40 = 80.8 (ref 0dBu), or 80.8 + 2.2 = 83dB (ref 0dBv)

For low-level such as microphone pre-amps or moving coil Phone pre-amplifier, usually to determine the EIN, which allows users to calculate the votes for each gain setting, due to changes in the gain varies. The same amplifier as above with the theoretical gain will have a signal to noise ratio of 123dB. All this assumes that the passive components (especially resistors) do not contribute any noise. This is false, Anyway, the components that operate at temperatures above 0k (zero Kelvin, absolute zero, or about -273 ° Celsius) to produce noise, but the contribution is relatively small passive components with a resistance given the quality of the device kept as low as possible, and minimize stress .

If the amplifier will have equal input-129dBu sound. This means that with a gain of 60dB, the best signal to noise ratio of 69dB relative to 775mV (or 0dBv ref 71.2).

Some examples of a microphone preamp op-amp using 1458 op-amps (equivalent to uA741). This has a voice input rate of about 4uV – this translates to about 30 to 35nV / √ Hz, or almost 20db worse than NE5534A. With 46dB gain (200), the circuit successfully 65dB signal to noise ratio.

I think a good ratio of about 80dB to 46dB gain using LM833 op-amps (NE5534 dual version), but according Theoretical 85.2dB.

Look carefully for devices with low noise sensitive circuitry, and make sure they also have the bandwidth necessary to achieve high profits. LM833 or NE5532 dual op-amps is an excellent choice for low noise, but they also have a wide bandwidth. Do not be tempted to use a smaller device, because their bandwidth is too limited to 1458 was only 3dB down at 8kHz, and died very quickly after that.

Usually found in the performance of better sound can be obtained by using discrete op-amps – built using individual components. General techniques for low noise transistors to choose based on their noise data, which will show the optimal collector current for a given source impedance.

Use the device in parallel, further decrease noise. Two transistors in parallel will have a 3dB noise level is better than one device. Will reduce the use of four other 3dB, and eight will provide further 3dB reduction.

For each bit of digital, the noise floor relative to 6dB. A little bit 1 system used, and need to go to a minimum of 8 bits even before the ordinary speech can be understood – is not acceptable, but understandable. Once it was good, I go ……….

Prior to digital to analog conversion, signal back to the 16-bit format. This has nothing to do with sound, I guess I just wanted to mention it, ha ha ha ……………….. easy hopefully useful to friends of the profession in the world. thanks

Published 08/02/2012 & Filed in Theory

Tags: 0dBv, Amplifier, anti, audio, cables, Circuit, circuit noise, circuits, coils., Components, device, Electronic, Electronics, eliminate, Gain, guitar, harmonic, ic, magnetic, microphone, Noise, Noise Reduction, Op-Amp, output, phone, pickup, pre-amplifier, preamp, Reduction, resistors, semiconductor, sound, sound output, temperature, Tips, Tips eliminate audio Noise Reduction, transformers, transistor

1.2W Audio Power Amplifier circuit using KA2201

2012-02-07T06:52:00.000-08:00

1.2W Audio Power Amplifier circuit using KA2201

The KA2201 is a monolitic integrated audio amplifier. Its designed for audio frequency class B amplifiers.

Published 02/05/2010 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: 1.2W, Amplifier, audio, Circuit, class B, Frequency, KA2201, power, Schematic

Electronic Component Schematic Symbols

2012-02-07T06:40:00.000-08:00

Electronic Component Schematic Symbols

Electronic Component Schematic Symbols are many symbols which may be encountered on a schematic diagram of an electronic

major electrical components can be found in this table. However, each component may have numerous possible representations. In cases where there is more than one common symbol we have tried to give an alternate representation.
Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Electronic Circuit

Tags: Component, Electronic, Schematic, Symbols

home stereo amplifier using uPC1316C

2012-02-07T05:22:00.000-08:00

home stereo amplifier using uPC1316C

home stereo amplifier using uPC1316C

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: amp, amp circuit diagram, amp diagram, amp schematics, amplifier chip, Amplifier Circuit, amplifier circuit design, amplifier circuit diagram, amplifier circuit diagrams, amplifier circuit for audio, amplifier circuit schematic, amplifier circuits, amplifier design, amplifier diagram, amplifier diagrams, amplifiers, amplifying circuit, Audio Amplifier, car audio circuit, circuit diagram, circuit for amplifier, discover circuits, Electronics Circuit, home amplifier, home stereo amplifier, home stereo amps, integrated circuit design, monoblock amplifiers, online circuit design, tube amp, uPC1316C

Converter 12v

2012-02-07T05:19:00.000-08:00

Converter 12v
12V To 24V DC-DC Converter Circuit

converter 12v use BY229-400, BC337, LM358

Converter 12v
12V To 24V DC-DC Converter Circuit Using BY229-400, BC337, LM358
Converter schematic
R1, R2, R3, R4, R8, R7 100K 1/4W
R5 470 Ohm 1/2W Resistor
R6 10K Linear Pot
C1 0.01uF Mylar Capacitor
C2 0.1uF Ceramic Disc Capacitor
C3 470uF 63V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1 1N4004 Rectifier Diode
D2 BY229-400 Fast Recovery Diode See Notes
Q1 BC337 NPN Power Transistor
U1 LM358 Dual Op Amp IC
L1 See Notes
MISC Board, Wire, Socket For U1, Case, Knob For
R6, Heatsink for Q1

Published 04/07/2010 & Filed in Converter

Tags: 12v, 24V, AUTO, BC337, BY229-400, CAR, Circuit, Converter, Converter 12v, DC-DC, High, isolated, LM358, power, Voltage

Frequency converter schematic

2012-02-07T05:14:00.000-08:00

Frequency converter schematic

Frequency converter schematic using TR

Frequency converter schematic

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Converter

Tags: Frequency converter schematic, frequency to voltage converter schematic, Frequency to Voltage Converter Using TR, Voltage to Frequency Converter Application

Circuit Diagram 15W EL84 Power Amp and a Transformer power supply Schematic

2012-02-07T04:32:00.000-08:00

Circuit Diagram 15W EL84 Power Amp and a Transformer power supply Schematic

Circuit Diagram 15W EL84 Power Amp and a Transformer power supply Schematic

Circuit Diagram 15W EL84 Power Amp and a Transformer power supply Schematic
Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

, Tags: 15W, 15W, Circuit, Diagramm, diagramme, ecc81, ecc83, EL84, EL84、, EL84，, Endstufe, ez81, Power amp, Power Supply, Schaltplan, Schematic, Schématique, Stromversorgung, Transformateur, transformer

ne5532 amplifier

2012-02-07T04:22:00.000-08:00

ne5532 amplifier

op amp amplifiers using ne5532 amplifier

op amp amplifiers using ne5532 amplifier

ne5532 amplifier

ne5532 amplifier circuit

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: 5532 op amp, audio operational amplifier, dual op amp, dual operational amplifier, dual operational amplifiers, low noise amp, low noise audio op amp, ne5532 amplifier, ne5532 datasheet, ne5532 op amp, ne5532 replacement, op amp 5532, op amp amplifiers, op amp dual.

Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit

2012-02-07T04:17:00.000-08:00

Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit

Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit using stk4372

stk4372 Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit

Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit, STK4372, stk4372 Class D Audio Amplifier Circuit

Solid state Charger circuit

2012-02-07T04:13:00.000-08:00

Solid state Charger circuit

Charge Coupled Mosfet Relay using 74C14, IRF640

Charge Coupled Mosfet Relay using 74C14, IRF640

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Power supply

Tags: 74C14, Charge Coupled Mosfet Relay, circuit diagram, control system, IRF640 journal solid state circuits, Solid state Charger circuit, solid state circuit breaker, solid state devices circuits, solid state relay circuit

Electronics Schematic Diagram

2012-02-07T04:08:00.000-08:00

Electronics Schematic Diagram

MAX2659 low-noise amplifier (LNA) is designed for GPS, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. Designed in Maxim’s advanced SiGe process, the device achieves a 20.5dB gain and an ultra-low-noise figure of 0.8dB while maximizing the input-referred 1dB compression point and the 3rd-order intercept point at -12dBm and -5dBm, respectively.

The MAX2659 operates from a +1.6V to +3.3V single supply and consumes only 4.1mA. The shutdown feature in the device reduces the supply current to be less than 1µA. The MAX2659 is available in a very small, lead-free, Ro HS – compliant, 1.5mm x 1.0mm x 0.75mm, 6-pin µDFN package

Electronics Schematic Diagram - MAX12000 1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Electronic Circuit

Tags: Amplifier, diagram, Electronics, GNSS, GPS, Low-Noise, MAX2659, Schematic

Home theater speaker wire installation

2012-02-07T04:00:00.000-08:00

Home theater speaker wire installation

Car speaker installation guide, Schematic Audio Car Honda CRV
jvc audio car

Home theater speaker wire installation

Published 07/02/2012 & Filed in Audio Video

Tags: auto speaker installation, car speaker installation, car speaker installation guide, car speaker installation instructions, car speaker installation services, car stereo speaker installation, component speaker installation, free speaker installation, home speaker installation, home speaker system installation, home theater speaker installation, Home theater speaker wire installation, home theatre speaker installation, installation speaker, jvc audio car, jvc speaker installation, outdoor speaker wire installation, rear speaker installation, Schematic Audio Car Honda CRV, speaker cable installation, speaker installation, speaker installation car, speaker installation guide, speaker installation in car, speaker installation instructions, surround sound speaker installatio