APPSC MATERIAL

Andhra Pradesh Budget 2026-27 Speech

2026-02-14T21:07:00.000+05:30

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Andhra Pradesh Agriculture Budget 2026-27

2026-02-14T20:19:00.004+05:30

Andhra Pradesh Budget in Brief 2026-27

2026-02-14T15:29:06.437+05:30

Andhra Pradesh Socio Economic Survey 2024-25

2026-02-14T15:25:00.002+05:30

APPSC Draughtsman Grade-II (Technical Assistant) in A.P Forest Sub-Ordinate Service Exam General Studies Question Paper (Exam Held on: 31-01-2026)

2026-02-01T21:47:00.002+05:30

APPSC AEE / AE / JL & OTHER EXAMS GENERAL STUDIES QUESTION PAPER (EXAM HELD ON: 27-01-2026)

2026-02-01T21:39:00.005+05:30

India Budget Highlights 2026-27

2026-02-01T14:09:00.004+05:30

India Budget at a Glance 2026-27

2026-02-01T14:06:00.005+05:30

INDIA BUDGET 2026-2027 SPEECH

2026-02-01T14:04:00.001+05:30

India Economic Survey 2025-26

2026-02-01T13:35:00.004+05:30

Department of Rural Development: Year Ender 2025

2026-01-04T18:47:00.003+05:30

In 2025, the comprehensive efforts of the Rural Development Department significantly improved the quality of life in rural India by strengthening infrastructure, livelihoods, housing, employment, skills, and social security.

PRADHAN MANTRI GRAM SADAK YOJANA (PMGSY)

The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), launched in December 2000, has made significant achievements in connecting nearly all eligible rural habitations and facilitating substantial socio-economic transformation.
The physical achievements made under PMGSY Scheme under each vertical from 01.01.2025 to 12.12.2025 is as mentioned below :

Sl.No	Vertical under PMGSY	No.of Roads completed	Road Length completed (in Km)	No.of Bridges completed
1	PMGSY-I	180	552	72
2	PMGSY-II	24	62	03
3	RCPLWEA	90	433	76
4	PMGSY-III	2121	14285	632
5	PMJANMAN	220	1046	158
	TOTAL	2635	16378	941

Completed 1,720 road projects across States and Union Territories, strengthening national and regional connectivity.
Constructed 8,693.54 km of roads, significantly improving access to rural, remote, and economically important regions.
Successfully completed 481 bridges, enhancing all-weather connectivity and easing movement across rivers and difficult terrain.
Incurred a capital expenditure of ₹8,548.26 crore on road and bridge construction during the period.
In addition, ₹811 crore was spent by the States/UTs on maintenance of rural roads, ensuring sustainability, improved ride quality, and longer service life of existing assets.
Tamil Nadu emerged as the top-performing state with 536 roads completed and 1,736.25 km added to the road network.
Himachal Pradesh achieved the highest road length completion (1,103.77 km), reflecting strong performance in hilly and challenging terrain.
Bihar recorded the highest number of bridges completed (173), greatly improving connectivity in flood-prone areas.
Substantial progress was also made in Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, and Jharkhand.
Focused infrastructure development was achieved in border, hilly, and northeastern regions such as Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, and Uttarakhand, supporting regional growth and strategic connectivity.
Under Phase -IV of Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, till date a total of 5,436 km length has been sanctioned to the States of Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh and Jammu & Kashmir under PMGSY-IV.

Digital Initiative

Enabled issuance of electronic Bank Guarantees (eBGs) through integration of the PMGSY OMMAS portal with NeSL, enhancing transparency and efficiency.
Introduced Delta Reports for road-wise physical and financial targets and achievement monitoring, supporting real-time performance tracking.
Completed digitization of Standard Bidding Document (SBD), facilitating online preparation of bid documents and streamlining the procurement process.

DEENDAYAL ANTYODAYA YOJANA - NATIONAL RURAL LIVELIHOODS MISSION (DAY-NRLM)

The Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM), launched in June 2011, is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD). DAY-NRLM is implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development {Rural Livelihoods (RL) Division} in collaboration with the State Rural Livelihoods Missions (SRLMs). The Mission's objective is "To reduce poverty by enabling the poor households to access gainful self- employment and skilled wage employment opportunities, resulting in appreciable improvement in their livelihoods on a sustainable basis, through building strong grassroots institutions of the poor." The Mission seeks to achieve its objective through investing in four core components viz., (a) social mobilization and promotion and strengthening of self-managed and financially sustainable community institutions of the rural poor; (b) financial inclusion of the rural poor; (c) sustainable livelihoods; and (d) social inclusion, social development and convergence.

Key Program Components

i. Institution Building and Capacity Building: The program focuses on developing community institutions like Self-Help Groups (SHGs), Village Organizations (VOs), and Cluster Level Federations (CLFs), providing the rural poor with a platform for mutual support, savings, and credit access. These groups offer collective resources to overcome poverty.

ii. Social Inclusion and Social Development: DAY-NRLM drives Social Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) to encourage rural communities to adopt healthier practices and utilize government services such as Swachh Bharat Mission, Poshan Abhiyan, and more. It focuses on Food, Nutrition, Health, and WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene), Gender, and PRI-CBO convergence.

iii. Financial Inclusion: Aiming for universal access to financial services, DAY-NRLM provides critical support in remote areas by deploying women as BC Sakhis, enabling the delivery of banking services, loans, and social security schemes like pensions and insurance.

iv. Livelihoods:

- Farm Livelihoods: The program empowers women farmers through agro-ecological practices, livestock management, and better market access. It promotes training and capacity building to enhance productivity and reduce costs.
- Non-Farm Livelihoods: Beyond agriculture, DAY-NRLM supports women in establishing micro-enterprises in sectors like handicrafts, food processing, and small-scale manufacturing. The program helps landless rural women take up income-generating activities, with a focus on micro-enterprises that utilize local resources.

Innovative Features Contributing to Success

a. Capacity Building & Human Resources: DAY-NRLM emphasizes capacity building through well-trained human resources to ensure successful implementation. State and departmental support enables better execution and management of the program.

b. Community-Led Approach: The program places women at the core of development by forming SHGs and federating them into VOs and CLFs. It fosters social capital by involving women in decision-making, strengthening trust, and cooperation within rural communities. More than 6 lakh trained Community Resource Persons (CRPs) are involved in thematic areas such as livestock, agriculture, and financial services.

c. Federations: SHGs form the backbone of DAY-NRLM, with approx. 5.35 lakh VOs and 33,590 CLFs enabling collective empowerment. These federations provide a platform for collective action, decision-making, and access to resources.

d. Participatory Planning: DAY-NRLM incorporates a bottom-up approach, involving rural communities in the planning and execution of development activities through village-level meetings, consultations, and participatory rural appraisals.

e. Business Correspondent Agents (BCAs): Over 1.44 lakh SHG members are deployed as BCAs (also known as BC Sakhis), improving access to banking services, including deposits, credit, remittances, pensions, and insurance.

f. Lakhpati Didi Initiative: The focus of this initiative is to empower women to become financially self-sufficient. The goal is to create 3 crore "Lakhpati Didis" (women earning Rs 1 lakh or more annually) by helping women scale up businesses and contribute to sustainable development across rural India. So far, more than 2 crore SHG women are Lakhpati Didis in country.

Results and Impact

A 2019 study by the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), supported by the World Bank, highlighted the significant impact of the DAY-NRLM program:

Increase in Income: An increase of 19% in income over the base amount.
Decline in Informal Loans: A 20% reduction in reliance on informal loans.
Increased Savings: A 28% increase in savings among beneficiaries.
Improved Labor Force Participation: A 4% higher proportion of women engaging in secondary occupations.
Enhanced Access to Government Schemes: A 6.5% higher access to social welfare schemes in treatment areas compared to baseline figures.

Conclusion

DAY-NRLM has been transformative in improving the socio-economic status of rural women and communities. By focusing on social mobilization, financial inclusion, livelihood promotion, and social development, it has empowered millions of rural women, reduced poverty, and contributed to inclusive growth across India. The program's success lies in its community-driven approach, capacity building, and women-centric initiatives that aim to create a sustainable and resilient rural economy.

Table: Snapshot of the progress under DAY-NRLM:

From 2011-2012 to 2024-2025 (as on 30th Nov. 2025)

S. No.	Indicator	Progress from FY 2011-12 to FY 2013-14	Progress from FY 2014-15 to 2025-26 (up to 30th Nov. 2025),	Cumulative Achievement as on 30th Nov. 2025
	No. of women mobilized into SHGs (in Crore)	2.37	7.68	10.05
	No. of SHGs promoted (in lakh)	21.31	69.59	90.90
	Amount of Loan Disbursed (Rs. Crore)	22,944.16	1166927.52	11.89 lakh crore
	Amount of Capitalization Support (Revolving Fund + Community Investment Fund) provided (Rs. Crore)	1,501.58	49,866.81	62,339.75 Cr
	Non-Performing Assets (NPA)	9.58 % (As on 31st March, 2014)	1.76% (As on date)
	No. of Banking Correspondents Sakhi/Digipay Sakhi deployed (NRLM+NRETP)	-	1.49 lakh
	No. of Mahila Kisans covered under Agro Ecological Practices (AEP) interventions (in Lakhs)	24.27	420.73	487
	No. of Mahila Kisan having Agri-Nutri Garden (in Lakhs)	0	328
	No. of Enterprises supported under SVEP (in lakhs)	-	4.02
	No of Lakhpati didis	0	1.48 crore

Progress of DAY- NRLM from 1 January to 30 November 2025

S. No.	Indicator	Progress from 1 January to 30 November 2025
	No. of women mobilized into SHGs	3,117
	No. of SHGs promoted	387
	Amount of Loan Disbursed (Rs. Crore)	2,06,563 (from 1 January to 31Oct 2025)
	Amount of Capitalization Support (Revolving Fund + Community Investment Fund) provided (Rs. Crore)	12,669.53
	Non-Performing Assets (NPA)	1.79% (As on date)
	No. of Banking Correspondents Sakhi/Digipay Sakhi deployed (NRLM+NRETP)	12,241
	No. of Mahila Kisans covered under Agro Ecological Practices (AEP) interventions (in Lakhs)	76.45
	No. of Mahila Kisan having Agri-Nutri Garden (in Lakhs)	51.25
	No. of Enterprises supported under SVEP (in lakhs)	71,833
	No of Lakhpati didis	2 Crore Cumulative

PRADHAN MANTRI AWAAS YOJANA - GRAMIN

Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G) is one of the flagship Programmes of the Govt of India which aims to achieve the objective "Housing for All" by providing 4.95 Crore pucca houses with basic amenities by convergence with other Schemes to all houseless households and households living in kutcha and dilapidated houses in rural areas by 2029. The initial target under the scheme was to provide assistance in the construction of 2.95 crore houses by March, 2024. The Union Cabinet approved the extension of the scheme on 9th August, 2024 to construct additional 2 crore rural houses during FY 2024-25 to FY 2028-29 to meet the arising need of housing due to increase in number of families in rural areas.

As on 09.12.2025, the cumulative target of 4.14 crore houses has been allotted to the States/UTs, out of which 3.86 crore houses have been sanctioned and 2.92 crore houses have been completed.

Cumulative Physical progress of the Scheme is as below:

Total Number of houses sanctioned	3,86,31,160
Number of 1 instalment released	3,60,69,568
Total Houses completed	291,90,774

Physical achievement under the Scheme for the year 2025 i.e. starting from 1 January, 2025 is as below:

Total Number of houses sanctioned in 2025	63,92,689
Total no. of 1st installment released	55,72,041
Total Houses completed	23,43,066

Regional Rural workshops: The Ministry organized Regional Rural workshops in Goa, and Sikkim (wherein Officials from States/UTs had participated) to review physical and financial progress under PMAY-G, HR Status and Awaas+ 2024 Survey under PMAY-G and PM - JANMAN in States/UTs,.

Initiatives:

The Scheme is being implemented and monitored through end to end e-governance solution, AwaasSoft and AwaasApp. AwaasSoft provides functionalities for data entry and monitoring of multiple statistics related to implementation aspects of the scheme. These statistics include, physical progress (registrations, sanctions, house completion and release of instalments etc.), financial progress, status of convergence etc. Since launch of the scheme in 2016, efforts are being taken to make the scheme more beneficiary-oriented through introduction of new initiatives. Major initiatives taken by the Ministry in the current FY are as mentioned below:

Technological Interventions

The PMAY-G has always been a pioneer in introducing technology-based solutions for effective and transparent management of the scheme. With new phase being implemented the PMAY-G has introduced multiple features to maximise transparency and ensure sanctity in the process right from the identification to completion of the houses. The new features are:

Awaas+ 2024 Survey- Awaas+ 2024 household survey for identification of potentially eligible households under PMAY-G has been conducted in all the States/UTs using specially designed Awaas+ 2024 mobile application for inclusion in beneficiary database of the PMAY-G (FY 2024-25 to 2028-29). The Aawas plus mobile app has features of both self Survey and assisted survey through pre-registered surveyors, housing technology selection, face authentication, Aadhar based e-KYC, data capture of household, conditions of existing house, time stamped, and geo tagged photo capture of existing house proposed site of construction. The app works in online as well as offline mode.
PAHAL - The beneficiaries of PMAY-G are being assisted by States/UTs in house construction with a bouquet of house design typologies inclusive of disaster resilience features that are suitable to their local geo climatic conditions. The Ministry of Rural Development in collaboration with CSIR-CBRI has undertaken an initiative to develop an app based on 3D DESIGN TYPOLOGY PAHAL compendium to recommend ideal housing designs to the beneficiaries through Awaas App.
Rural Mason Training- Alongside PMAY-G’s on-site model of skill transfer, Rural Mason Training has also been initiated through Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs) from the current Financial year. RSETIs provide a campus-based training environment structured by the National Academy of RUDSETI (NAR), recognized as a National Council for Vocational Education & Training (NCVET) dual awarding body. The course—Masonry and Concrete Works (NARQ30055)—is an NSQF Level 1 programme of 240 hours covering foundations, mortar mixing, brick/block/stone masonry, plastering, DPC, flooring, and includes components of entrepreneurship development such as financial literacy and micro-enterprise management. Assessments are carried out independently by NAR, with certifications issued upon successful evaluation. A total of 7,700 candidates have been certified through the RSETI route so far, strengthening local livelihood options for trained youth.

ii. PM-JANMAN Initiatives and Achievements

The PM-JANMAN as approved by the Union Cabinet involves 11 critical interventions covering 9 Ministries of the GoI including the Ministry of Rural Development. The aim is to achieve saturation of PVTG families and habitations with basic facilities viz safe housing, road connectivity, clean drinking water & sanitation, education, health, nutrition, telecom connectivity, electricity, and sustainable livelihood opportunities. Housing intervention under the scheme is covered through PMAY-G. As on 09th December 2025, 4,71,486 houses have been sanctioned and 2,42,811 houses have been completed across the States and UTs. However, from 1st January 2025 to till date, 1,24,204 houses have been sanctioned and 1,71,719 houses have been completed across the States and UTs.

DEEN DAYAL UPADHYAYA GRAMEEN KAUSHALYA YOJANA (DDU-GKY)

With an ambitious agenda to benchmark placement-linked programs to global standards, Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) revamped the placement linked skill development program under National Rural Livelihood Mission as Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) on the 25th September, 2014. DDU-GKY, a standard led outcome driven quality skilling program, aims to contribute to the Prime Minister’s ‘Make in India’ campaign to position India as the globally preferred manufacturing hub, while dovetailing its efforts to significantly contribute in other flagship programs of the nation.

DDU-GKY is a State led scheme being implemented in PPP mode, based on demand driven target sanction process. The program occupies a unique position amongst other skill training programs, due to its focus on the rural poor youth and its emphasis on sustainable employment through the prominence and incentives given to post-placement tracking, retention and career progression. To ensure quality adherence, DDU-GKY mandates independent third party certification, through Sector Skill Councils (SSC) of NSDC, of every trainee to assess the skill, knowledge and attitude of each trainee. Under DDU-GKY two special programs are being implemented. i.e.; ROSHNI program is being implemented for 27 left wing extremist affected areas of 9 States with mandatory residential course with 40% coverage to women candidates and Himayat- All youth of the UT of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh are covered under this scheme with 100% central funding.

Main Features:

State-led Scheme
Public Private Partnership mode of Implementation
Placement-linked Skill Development Program

Mandatory social inclusion: SC/ST (50%), Women (33%), and PwDs (5%).
Minimum 70% placement (Minimum 50% wage employment and maximum 20% self employment).
Salary to the placed candidates are given as per the Minimum wages or above. Post Placement Support and Retention Support to the placed candidates.

Target Group:

The target group for DDU-GKY is poor rural youth in the age group 15-35. However, the upper-age limit for women candidates and candidates belonging to Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), Persons with Disabilities (PwDs), Transgender and other Special Groups like rehabilitated bonded labour, victims of trafficking, manual scavengers, transgender, people living with HIV etc. shall be 45 years.

Major Achievements:

DDU-GKY is currently being implemented in 27 States and 4 UTs and has over 2369 Training Centres (however, 611 are operational) in 606 projects, in partnership with over 466 Project Implementing Agencies conducting training across 37 sectors, and over 816 job roles.
Progress Physical: Since inception under DDU-GKY, a total of 17.92 lakh candidates have been trained, and 11.64 lakh candidates have been placed till 31.10.2025 (incl. 575 foreign placements).
Progress Financial: Since inception under DDU-GKY, a total of ₹779667.03 lakhs has been released till 31.10.2025.
During the Calendar year 2025, a total of 82272candidates have been trained, and 37035candidates have been placed till 31.10.2025

RURAL SELF EMPLOYMENT TRAINING INSTITUTES (RSETIS)

Background & Overview of the RSETI Scheme

The Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs) are dedicated, district-level training center’s set up under the sponsorship of public sector/private banks, in collaboration with the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD). The scheme provides free, short-term, residential training to rural youth with boarding and lodging facilities. Training is demand-driven and aligned with NSQF-compliant courses, covering agriculture, industry, services, and locally relevant trades. Post-training, trainees receive handholding support for two years to facilitate self-employment, micro-enterprise development, or wage employment, with strong emphasis on credit linkage through banks. RSETIs are unique in having their own dedicated infrastructure (land & buildings supported by Government of India grants), unlike other skilling programs that depend on hired facilities.

Objective of the Scheme

To provide free, residential, demand-driven skill training to rural unemployed youth in the age group of 18–50 years.
To enable trainees to take up self-employment ventures through entrepreneurship development and credit linkage with banks.
To ensure sustainable livelihoods through post-training handholding support for 1–2 years.
To converge with other national programs (NRLM, PMAY-G, MGNREGS-UNNATI, PM-VIkas MSDE, MSME, MoTA, KVIC etc.) to maximize outcomes.

Unique Features of the Scheme

Free, full-time residential training including boarding, lodging, and travel allowance.
AEBAS (Aadhaar Enabled Biometric Attendance System) for transparency.
Candidate registration via Kaushal Panji App.
70 courses offered (65 NSQF-aligned + 5 special courses approved by MoRD).
Customized training modules based on local economy and needs.
Post-training handholding & follow-up for up to 2 years to ensure settlement.
Credit linkage facilitation with banks; strong focus on entrepreneurship.
Special provisions for Women, SC/ST, PwDs, SHG members, and minorities.

Physical Achievements (till October, 2025)

Total Institutes: 625 RSETIs across 27 States & 6 UTs, covering 612 districts.
Total Trained: 59 lakh rural youth.
Total Settled: 43 lakh through self/wage employment.

Key Changes under RSETI 2.0 (w.e.f. FY 2025-26)

Credit linkage target increased to 50%.
Digital governance systems for real-time transparency.
Expanded NSQF-aligned course basket

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) is an Act to provide for the enhancement of livelihood security of the households in rural areas of the country by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in every financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.

Objectives

The objectives of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (Mahatma Gandhi NREGS) are:

Providing at least one hundred days of unskilled manual work in a financial year to every household in rural areas as per demand resulting in creation of productive assets of prescribed quality and durability;
Strengthening the livelihood resource base of the poor;
Proactively ensuring social inclusion; and
Strengthening Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs).

Achievements under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA:

Sl. No.	Indicators	FY 2025-26 (from 1st April till 02.12.2025)
1.	Person-days Generated (in Cr)	161.6
2.	Total central release (in Rs. crore)	69,194.59
3.	% FTOs generated within 8 days	95.31
4.	Number of Completed Works (in lakhs)	49.62
5.	% Women Persondays out of Total	56.73
6.	% SC persondays as of total persondays	17.37
7.	% ST persondays as of total persondays	19.03
8.	% of Category B Works	60.59

Major initiatives/key interventions in Mahatma Gandhi NREGA:

National Mobile Monitoring Service (NMMS): enables capturing of attendance of workers at Mahatma Gandhi NREGA worksites (except for individual beneficiary works) along with geo-tagged and two time-stamped photographs twice a day. In the month of November 95.09% (1st fortnight) & 91.50% (2nd fortnight) of attendance have been captured through use of NMMS App.
Area Officer Monitoring Visit Application: This App facilitates the officials of the State/UT to record their field visit findings online and facilitates the officials to record time stamped and geotagged photograph for all the worksites visited. A total of 16,67,847 worksites have been inspected in FY 2025-26 till November’25, across all the States by officials of State, district and block level through use of the Area Officer Inspection App
Yuktdhara: GIS based planning tool – To simplify the GIS based planning at GP level, Yuktdhara, a Geospatial planning portal is developed in collaboration with ISRO-NRSC. GP planning using Yuktdhara has been started on a pilot basis, with one GP per block. A total of 6,709 GPs have been identified, and all of them have started their planning using Yuktdhara.
SECURE – Software for Estimate Calculation for using Rural Rates for Employment: Application is being used for estimate calculation of works to be undertaken under the scheme.
GeoMGNREGA: The app has been developed by using Space Technology to track the creation of assets by geotagging it, at “Before”, “During” and “After” stages of the asset creation. So far, a total of 6.44 crore assets have been geotagged.
JALDOOT App: enables Gram Rojgar Sahayak (GRS) to measure the water level of selected wells twice a year (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon). So far, water level data of around 3.92 lakhs wells data has been captured in the post-monsoon covering 2.57 lakh villages and 1.08 lakh Gram Panchayats in 2025.
JANMANREGA app: aids in proactive disclosure of information to its citizens as well as a feedback mechanism about the implementation of Mahatma Gandhi NREGS.
Mission Amrit Sarovar: Mission Amrit Sarovar was launched by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on 24 April 2022 to construct or rejuvenate 75 Amrit Sarovars in every rural district (except Delhi, Chandigarh, and Lakshadweep), targeting 50,000 sarovars nationwide by 15 August 2023 to strengthen water conservation for future generations. Under Phase I, over 68,000 Amrit Sarovars were constructed or rejuvenated, including more than 46,000 completed through Mahatma Gandhi NREGS. As we progress with our expanded vision for the Mission, the construction and rejuvenation of more Sarovars shall be undertaken with the focus on community engagement to ensure that these Sarovars, not only serve as sustainable water resources but also become vibrant community hubs in Phase II of Mission Amrit Sarovar.

As of November 2025, under Phase II, over 15,892 sites have been identified and 1,818 works have commenced. World Environment Day and International Yoga Day were celebrated at Amrit Sarovar sites with active community participation of over 11.5 lakh people, Independence Day 2025 was observed with the theme “Ek Sarovar, Ek Sankalp – Jal Sanrakshan ka” engaging over 12 lakh participants, and Constitution Day (26 November 2025) was marked with activities on constitutional values, cultural performances, and cleanliness and plantation drives.

Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): To bring in more transparency in the system and minimize leakages, Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system in wage payment has been adopted. Under the programme, more than 99% of payments of wages are electronically credited into the accounts of the workers through DBT system.
Aadhaar Payment Bridge System: Wage payments are made through Aadhaar Payment Bridge System into the accounts of the beneficiaries following the DBT protocol. Against the total of 12.17 Crore active workers, Aadhaar of 99.67% active workers have been seeded.
Aadhaar-Based e-KYC Verification: To strengthen transparency and authenticity in the implementation of Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, Aadhaar-based e-KYC verification of all active workers has been introduced through the NMMS App.

This reform ensures the authentic identification of workers, eliminates duplicate or fake job cards, and simplifies the verification process by integrating Aadhaar authentication directly into field operations. As a result, only genuine workers are able to receive wages, thereby significantly reducing the scope for fraud, impersonation, and misreporting. The e-KYC process also facilitates faster, more reliable field verification and enhances the accuracy of attendance and wage disbursement systems, contributing to greater efficiency and accountability in the implementation of the scheme. The E-KYC completion status of Active workers under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA is 71.48% as on 30.12.2025.

Integration with the Panhayat Nirnay App (PNA) in Social Audit Gram Sabha: Social Audit Units are capturing real-time, geo-tagged photos, videos, and Resolutions and Attendance of the Social Audit Gram Sabha, integrated with the Panchayat Nirnay App (PNA). Under Phase I of the initiative, one Gram Panchayat from each of the 27 SAUs was selected and successfully covered as part of the pilot rollout. Building on this foundation, Phase II was launched on 1st May 2025, with a broader mandate to cover at least one Gram Panchayat in every block across all participating states by September 2025. The second cycle of Phase II further expands the scope, with the goal of scaling the initiative to cover 100% of Gram Panchayats nationwide by the end of FY 2025–26. This structured and technology-enabled approach is significantly strengthening the transparency, accountability of the Social Audit process across the country. To date, 39,252 Gram Panchayats have been mapped on the PNA platform, of which 28,369 have already been covered through the Social Audit process.
Monitoring visits by Central Teams: In order to monitor the progress of implementation of Mahatma Gandhi NREGS, special monitoring has been done in 55 Districts of 25 States/UTs in FY 2025-26. Over 1000 worksites have been visited by the Monitoring Teams. Major findings of these visit are as under:

Taking up of Non-Permissible Works
Splitting of works
Repetition/Duplication of works
Poor Quality of works and Durability
Non-adherence of the procedures and guidelines issued by the Ministry

Based on the findings of the monitoring visits, Ministry issued various advisories to the States/UTs for better implementation of Mahatma Gandhi NREGS which included Advisory on Individual Beneficiary works, Advisory for better implementation of Rural Connectivity works, and Advisory on implementation and review/verification of Land Development works.

In addition to this, a decision was also taken to develop Work Monitoring Module (WMM) to identify high-risk or suspicious works under MGNREGA that may require closer scrutiny, inspection, and field verification. By capturing and consolidating flagged works from multiple applications and monitoring systems, the WMM ensures that such works are promptly prioritised, systematically verified, and appropriately acted upon. Once a work is flagged under this framework, further Material payments will be frozen and no payments will be allowed through NREGASoft until field verification is completed at least at the Programme Officer level, followed by workflow-based submission of Action Taken Reports (ATRs) and their acceptance by higher authorities.

Enactment of Viksit Bharat – Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) — VB–G RAM G Act, 2025

During the year, the Government undertook a transformative policy initiative by introducing the Viksit Bharat – Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) — VB–G RAM G Act, 2025, with the objective of strengthening rural employment, sustainable livelihoods and creation of durable public assets. Building upon institutional learning from MGNREGA, the Act provides a statutory guarantee of up to 125 days of wage employment to rural households.

The planning envisaged in the new Act is decentralised, participatory and bottom-up. Viksit Gram Panchayat Plans (VGPPs) will be prepared by Gram Panchayats through the Gram Sabha, ensuring that priorities emerge from the community itself. These plans are consolidated into the Viksit Bharat National Rural Infrastructure Stack (VBNRIS) — the consolidated aggregation of proposed works emerging from VGPPs, aggregated at the District and State levels, and aligned with the four thematic domains of works, namely: water security, core rural infrastructure, livelihood-related infrastructure, and special works to mitigate extreme weather events and disasters. The framework also promotes convergence across sectors to create durable and productive rural assets. A key feature of the Act is the focus on empowerment, growth, convergence and saturation through public works that collectively contribute to a comprehensive rural infrastructure ecosystem.

The Act institutionalizes normative allocation, strengthens accountability, and embeds multiple technology-enabled systems including biometric authentication, GIS/space-technology-based verification, real-time MIS monitoring and strengthened social audit mechanisms. These reforms are designed to improve fund utilisation, enhance transparency and reduce leakages.

The VB–G RAM G Act seeks to ensure that rural employment translates into higher incomes, resilient livelihoods and stronger village economies. Its rollout marks a major milestone in aligning rural employment, infrastructure development and livelihood security with the long-term vision of Viksit Bharat @ 2047.

NATIONAL SOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMME (NSAP)

Article 41 of the Constitution of India directs the State to provide public assistance to its citizens in case of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement and in other cases of undeserved want within the limit of its economic capacity and development. National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) came into effect on 15th August, 1995 in the direction of fulfilling this Directive Principles of the State Policy. The objective of NSAP is to provide basic level of financial assistance to old age, widow and disabled persons as well as to the bereaved households in the event of death of the bread-winner belonging to Below Poverty Line (BPL), identified by the States/ UTs as per NSAP Guidelines.

2. The programme has undergone many changes over the years in terms of the composition, eligibility criterion and funding pattern. Currently, it comprises of five distinct schemes. Details of the eligibility criteria and amount of financial assistance provided under each of these schemes are as follows:

Scheme	Amount of Assistance	Eligibility criteria
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme	Rs.200	BPL senior citizens in age group of 60-79 years
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme	Rs. 500	BPL Senior citizens of 80 years and above
Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme	Rs.300	BPL widows in age group of 40-79 years
Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme	Rs.500	BPL widows of 80 years and above
Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme	Rs.300	BPL persons with 80% disability in age group of 18-79 years
Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme	Rs.500	BPL disability pensioners in age group 80 years and above
National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)*	Rs. 20,000/-	To survivor head of BPL families on the death of primary breadwinner aged 18-59 years
Annapurna*	10 kg of food grains p.m.	To BPL senior citizens not receiving old age pension

*NFBS and Annapurna are demand based schemes.

3. The States/ UTs have been requested to contribute at least an equal contribution under the three pension schemes. Presently, States/ UTs are making contributions ranging from ₹50 to ₹5700 per month. Presently, NSAP caters to 3.09 crore BPL beneficiaries with a scheme-wise ceiling/ cap for each State/ UT on the number of beneficiaries. The scheme-wise assistance under NSAP is sanctioned up to the number of digitized beneficiaries or the State/ UT cap, whichever is lower. During 2024-25, an amount of Rs.9652 crore was released to States/UTs for implementation of NSAP schemes. An amount of Rs.9652.00 crore has been allocated for NSAP Scheme for FY 2025-26,out of which Rs. 5564.00 crore has been released to States/ UTs upto 30.11.2025.

Key initiatives and Achievements of the Programme

To make NSAP more effective, transparent and result oriented, many efforts (policy reforms, increase in budgetary allocation, effective use of Information Technology, etc.) have been done. A brief description of the achievements of this program from April 2025 to November, 2025 ( as on 30.11.2025) is given below:-

The physical and financial achievements in terms of number of beneficiaries covered and funds released from April to November 2025 (as on 30.11.2025) under schemes of NSAP are given below.

Year	2025-26 (April 2025 to November 2025)
Beneficiaries Covered (In lakh)	301.06
Funds Released (Rs in crore)	5564.00

- NIC, DoRD has developed a central MIS – National Social Assistance Programme- Pension Payment System (NSAP-PPS) which facilitates end to end transaction from originating point to disbursement point. It also provides the details of old age, widow and disabled beneficiaries.

- Data of beneficiaries are digitized by States/UT. Funds are released to the states on the basis of the number of digitized beneficiaries available on the NSAP portal. Over the years, with sustained efforts digitization reached to 96-97% of the total State ceiling/cap. Presently, almost 100% of the data of all potential beneficiaries has been digitized.
- At present, 18 States/ UTs are using NSAP-PPS for end-to-end disbursement and 14 other States are reporting the transactional data on NSAP-PPS through web service.
- Efforts are going on to on-board 4 more States/ UTs, namely, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and UTs of Chandigarh, Dadra Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu.
- NSAP-PPS also facilitates States/UTs to capture Aadhaar and SECC TIN numbers of NSAP beneficiaries. At present, status of seeding of Aadhaar and SECC TIN of registered pensioners of NSAP is about 91.45% and 28.83%respectively.
- Aadhaar based Mobile Application for Digital Life Certification of NSAP pension beneficiaries was launched by Hon’ble Minister of Rural Development on 15th July, 2025. DLC guidelines and User Manual have been circulated to State/UTs. A total of 44.00 lakh beneficiaries as on 10.12.2025 have been authenticated through DLC across India. Some States onboarded on NSAP-PPS have requested to include the State schemes for beneficiary verification through DLC application. Secretary (RD) has approved for inclusion of State Pension schemes for States on-boarded on NSAP PPS for DLC verification. States have been requested to organize special campaigns to cover DLC of all existing beneficiaries positively before 05.01.2026.
- To promote the use of technology, a citizen centric mobile app 'Umang' has been developed to provide information to beneficiaries about (i) NSAP schemes along with state top-ups (ii) enrollment of new applicants, tracking of applications and status of sanctions and disbursements.

District Development Coordination and Monitoring Committee (DISHA)

For sustainable and integrated rural development, it is imperative to adopt a holistic approach and monitor implementation of non-statutory schemes of different Ministries aimed at a common goal for accelerated rural development through convergence. To meet this objective, District level DISHA Committees have been formed in 776 districts under the Chairpersonship of MPs to ensure better coordination among all the elected representatives in Parliament, State Legislatures and Local Governments (Panchayati Raj Institutions/Municipal Bodies) for efficient and time-bound development. Similarly, State level DISHA Committees are constituted by State Governments with the Chief Minister of the State as the Chairperson, to attend to the matters which need to be resolved at the highest level in the State. DISHA promotes a whole-of-government approach by uniting central, state, and local efforts for coordinated implementation of development programmes. Ministry has also developed a state-of-art dashboard containing 100 schemes of 35 Ministries to strengthen these DISHA committees which provide lowest level (up to village) schemes’ time series progress data includes trends, comparative analysis with other geographical boundaries, various types of charts, tables etc.

DISHA Committees are exemplary model of cooperative federalism for resolving implementation challenges related to various central schemes with bringing together public representatives, civil society members, and government officials. After formation, more than 7800 District level meetings and 38 State level meetings have been conducted across the Country, underscoring their active role in strengthening governance and accountability. The growing popularity of DISHA committees is evident in the increasing requests from Ministries to include their schemes under this umbrella.

Major Achievements from 1stJanuary 2025 to till date are as follows:

Total 1058 of District level DISHA meetings are convened under the Chairpersonship of Hon’ble MP of the District during the year.
Total 246 Non-official members are nominated during the year for State/District level DISHA Committees.
Total 8 State level DISHA Committee meetings are held under the Chairpersonship of Hon’ble CM of the State.
Total 23 Hon’ble Rajya Sabha MPs are nominated as Chairperson/ Co-Chairperson for the District level DISHA Committees.
Total 8 Schemes are included in DISHA Dashboard.

Year-end review 2025: Ministry of Corporate Affairs

2026-01-04T18:46:00.003+05:30

The major initiatives and achievements of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs during the year 2025 are as under:

Reforms in Merger and Acquisition Framework

In line with Para 101 of the Union Budget 2025–26, the Government amended the Companies (Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations) Rules, 2016 on 4th September 2025 to widen the scope of Fast Track Mergers and Demergers under Section 233 of the Companies Act, 2013.

The amendments allow the following additional classes of companies to avail fast-track mechanisms:

Two or more unlisted companies (other than Section 8 companies) meeting prescribed thresholds;
Holding and subsidiary companies, excluding cases where the transferor is a listed company;
Two or more subsidiaries of the same holding company, excluding cases where the transferor is a listed company.

These changes are expected to significantly reduce time and cost for corporate restructuring.

Achievements under Ease of Doing Business

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has undertaken several policy, regulatory, institutional and technology-driven initiatives to further simplify compliance, strengthen corporate governance, and enhance India’s business environment. Key achievements include:

1. Notification of Regulations

During 2025, the Ministry reviewed and notified a series of amendments under the Companies Act, 2013 to rationalise compliance requirements and improve transparency.

2. Circulars Issued

Several General Circulars were issued to facilitate smooth transition to the MCA V3 platform, relax additional fees, extend filing timelines, and enable conduct of AGMs/EGMs through Video Conferencing (VC) or Other Audio Visual Means (OAVM). These measures significantly reduced compliance burden on companies during the transition phase.

3. MCA vide notification no. G.S.R. 880(E) dated 01.12.2025 has enhanced the threshold limit of paid-up share capital and turnover upto Rs.10 crore and Rs.100 crore respectively for small companies.

4. The Companies (Removal of Names of Companies from the Register of Companies) Rules, 2016 have been amended on 31st December, 2025 to provide easier procedure for closure of government companies filing application with Registrar C-PACE under section 248(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

The amendment provides that in such cases, the indemnity bond in respect of one or more directors appointed or nominated by the Central Government or State Government shall be given by an authorised representative (not below the rank of Under Secretary or equivalent) in the administrative Ministry or Department of the Government of India or the State Government on behalf of the Company. This amendment is aimed at faster closure of government companies which are eligible to apply for removal of their names from register of companies as per provisions of section 248(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

5.The annual KYC requirement for directors in companies under rule 12A of the Companies (Appointment & Qualification of Directors) Rules, 2014 has been reviewed pursuant to examination in the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, recommendation made by the High Level Committee on Non-Financial Regulatory Reforms (HLC-NFRR) and suggestions received from stakeholders. The relevant rule in this regard matter has been amended by the M/o Corporate Affairs in consultation with concerned Ministries/ Departments. Pursuant to the amendment in the Rules notified on 31st December, 2025 (to be effective from 31st March, 2026), annual KYC filing requirement has been replaced with a simpler KYC intimation once in every three years. This amendment is aimed at providing significant ease of compliance to directors in all companies.

Achievements under Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA)

In August 2025, IEPFA launched an Integrated Portal and Dedicated Call Centre to enable faster claim settlement and enhanced investor support.

The portal integrates MCA-21, NSDL/CDSL, and PFMS into a single automated workflow, reducing post-approval transfer time for shares and dividends from several months to 1–2 days.
Since its launch, over 24026 claims have been approved taking total approvals in the current financial year to 27231.
Re-notified Form IEPF-5 and Electronic Verification Report (EVR) were introduced w.e.f. 6th October 2025, enabling auto-fetching of bank details and pre-validation of shareholding data.
A dedicated call centre now provides faster grievance redressal and investor assistance.

These reforms have transformed claim disposal into a fully digital, transparent, and investor-friendly process.

Achievements and reforms under Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Bill, 2025 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 12th August 2025 to reduce timelines, improve value maximisation, and strengthen governance. The Bill also proposes frameworks for creditor-initiated insolvency, group insolvency, and cross-border insolvency, and is presently under examination by the Select Committee of the Lok Sabha.
Till September, 2025, a total of 1300 resolution plans have been approved under the Code with creditors realising Rs. 3.99 lakh crore, which is 170.09% against liquidation value and 93.79% of the fair value (based on 1177 cases where fair value has been estimated). The haircut for creditors relative to the fair value of assets was around 6%, while relative to their admitted claims is around 67%.

As a major technology-driven reform, an integrated digital platform for the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) ecosystem is currently under development. The platform aims to integrate all key stakeholders and institutions forming the pillars of the insolvency framework, including National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT), Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI), Information Utilities (IUs),Insolvency Professionals (IPs). This integrated technology platform is expected to significantly enhance coordination, transparency, data availability, and process efficiency across the insolvency value chain, thereby improving the ease of doing business and strengthening creditor confidence.

In this regard, the Project Monitoring Unit (PMU) for the iPIE project has been onboarded on 16th December, 2025. Further, the Request for Proposal (RFP) for selection of the System Integrator has been issued, and the evaluation of technical bids received in response to the RFP is currently underway.

These reforms, particularly the digital integration of the insolvency ecosystem, are expected to improve credit availability to businesses, reduce transaction costs, and ensure faster and more predictable outcomes. Collectively, these initiatives reaffirm the Government’s commitment to making India one of the top global destinations in Ease of Doing Business.

Achievements under Competition Law

Antitrust Enforcement:35 new antitrust cases were registered and 19 cases were decided by the Competition Commission of India (CCI).

Mergers and Acquisitions:76 combination notices were filed and 78 notices were disposed of during the period.

Market Study on Artificial Intelligence: CCI released its Market Study on Artificial Intelligence and Competition on 6th October 2025, providing insights into AI market structures, trends, and competition concerns.

Advocacy and Capacity Building: 108 outreach programmes were conducted by State Resource Persons on competition law and public procurement.

Achievements under Prime Minister Internship Scheme (PMIS)

The Prime Minister Internship Scheme, announced in Budget 2024–25, aims to provide over one crore internships over five years.

Pilot phase was launched in October 2024. The response from India’s youth was significant with 7.3 lakh candidates creating profiles across the two rounds. A combined total of registered 1.65 lakhs internship offers were extended, resulting in about 16,000 youth joining the internships.
Interns receive ₹5,000 monthly stipend through DBT model. Additionally, interns receive one-time grant of ₹6,000 to cover incidental costs upon joining. PMIS also facilitates social security coverage under PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana and PM Suraksha Bima Yojana offering life and accident insurance to interns.
The scheme prioritises inclusivity and provides structured 12-month, industry-linked internships across 25 sectors, including automobiles, hospitality, banking, manufacturing, FMCG and more.

Strengthening Institutional Infrastructure

To enhance regulatory reach and improve service delivery, the Ministry will operationalise 03 new Regional Directorates (RDs) at Chandigarh, Navi Mumbai and Bengaluru; and 06 new Registrar of Companies (RoCs) at Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Noida, Nagpur and Chandigarh with effect from 1st January, 2026. These offices have been established keeping in view the rapid growth in the number of corporate entities and future regulatory requirements.

Year of Reforms 2025: MoD records significant progress in implementing wide-ranging reforms

2026-01-04T18:45:00.002+05:30

As the curtains came down on ‘Year of Reforms 2025’, Ministry of Defence, under the leadership of Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, has recorded significant progress in implementing wide-ranging reforms aimed at strengthening jointness, enhancing defence preparedness, promoting self-reliance and improving welfare delivery mechanisms. These reforms, undertaken across the Ministry, reflect a whole-of-government approach towards building a modern, integrated and future-ready defence ecosystem.

Acquisition Approvals: Defence Acquisition Council approved capital acquisition proposals worth a total of cost of over Rs 3.84 lakh crore since January 2025 to enhance the country’s defence readiness, with focus on modernisation through indigenisation.

Contracts Signed: In the Financial Year 2025-26 till the end of December 2025, Ministry of Defence has signed capital contracts amounting to Rs 1.82 lakh crore for the modernisation of the Armed Forces.
Expenditure: Ministry of Defence has achieved 80% (Approx. Rs 1.2 lakh crore) expenditure under Capital Acquisition Budget by the end of December 2025. The allocation under this is spent on modernisation of the Armed Forces. The overall capital expenditure of MoD has also reached upto 76% which includes expenditure on Infrastructure, land, R&D etc in addition to capital acquisition.
Defence Industry & Innovation Enablement: To promote greater indigenisation in defence and secure supply chains, private sector participation has been increased. This includes streamlining defence manufacturing licenses, mapping the competencies of MSMEs, and preparing Market Intelligence Reports to enhance demand-supply analysis in defence procurement. Additionally, testing and trial infrastructure lab facilities are being shared with the private sector. 25% of defence research grants are also being allocated to them along with academic institutions and MSMEs to encourage innovation & strengthen collaboration in the defence sector.
Acquisition & Procurement Reforms: Procurement processes have been streamlined to reduce timelines, including Simplification of the iDEX manual, Rationalisation of defence export permissions, Revamping of the Defence EXIM Portal, Simplification of Technology Transfer policy and Decentralisation through revised Delegation of Financial Powers and Procurement Manuals (Defence Procurement Manual 2025, implemented w.e.f. November 01, 2025).
Defence Policy & International Engagement: Review and revision of Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020, Encouragement of Foreign Direct Investment in defence, Enhanced engagement with friendly countries, Defence Lines of Credit including Bharat Maitri Shakti, and Rationalisation of restricted distance norms near defence establishments are under progress.
Defence Production & Quality Enhancement: Formation of an Export Promotion Body, Implementation of Quality Assurance 4.0 & Industry 4.0 in DPSUs and Establishment of a National Integrated Test Laboratory for defence platforms are being advanced.
Jointness & Future Preparedness: Establishment of Joint Operations Control Centre, promulgation of Vision 2047 for the Armed Forces, Creation of a Future Operations Analysis Group, Promotion of joint training programmes and Finalisation of the Integrated Capability Development Plan are under various stages of implementation. Steps taken in this direction bore fruit during the planning and execution of Operation Sindoor.
Operational Integration & Capability Enablement: Deployment of Tri-Service Geographical Information System, Review and Harmonisation of policies, SOPs and Tactics, Techniques & Procedures for Tri-service uniformity, Expansion of women’s roles in combat and leadership positions, Promotion of military tourism and Preparation of a long-term roadmap for operational infrastructure and accommodation have been completed.
Veterans’ Welfare Reforms: To improve delivery of medical cover for veterans and their dependents under ECHS, pan-India doorstep delivery of medicines to 70 year plus Ex-servicemen (ESM) with infirmity introduced, authorised local chemist limits doubled, eSeHAT tele-medicine consultation introduced, pan-India rollout underway; AYUSH treatment at ECHS introduced, Stress management facilities created, Common drug list enhanced, Upgradation of some ECHS polyclinics, Creation of some new polyclinics underway. Enhancement of welfare grants to ESM and their dependents including Penury, Education & Marriage grants implemented.
SPARSH Pension Portal: 31.69 lakh defence pensioners have been onboarded on SPARSH, India’s largest digital pension platform. Out of 6.43 lakh discrepant cases migrated from previous systems, 6.07 lakh have been normalised without affecting pensioners’ entitlements.

The sustained reform momentum during the ‘Year of Reforms 2025’ has strengthened India’s defence preparedness and institutional efficiency. These reforms are not isolated initiatives, but part of a continuous process to build a modern, integrated and self-reliant defence ecosystem capable of safeguarding the nation’s security interests in the decades ahead.

Department of Food & Public Distribution: YEAR END REVIEW - 2025

2026-01-04T18:44:00.002+05:30

Following are the major highlights of the activities of the Department of Food & Public Distribution during the year 2025:

PRADHAN MANTRI GARIB KALYAN ANNA YOJANA (PMGKAY)

The Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) was launched with the specific purpose of ameliorating the hardships faced by the poor and needy due to economic disruptions caused by the COVID-19 outbreak in the country. In view of COVID crisis, the allocation of free foodgrains, under PMGKAY was in addition to regular allocation done. A total quantity of approx. 1118 LMT foodgrains had been allocated under PMGKAY (Phase I-VII) for the period of 28 months with a total planned financial outlay of about Rs. 3.91 lakh crore.

The Central Government, in order to remove the financial burden of the poor beneficiaries and to ensure nationwide uniformity and effective implementation of the Act, had decided to provide foodgrains free of cost to NFSA beneficiaries i.e. AAY households and PHH beneficiaries,for a period of one year beginning from 1st January 2023 under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY). Prior to that, under NFSA, subsidized food grains were distributed at Rs 3 per kg for rice, Rs 2 per kg for wheat and at Rs 1 per kg for coarse grains to beneficiaries. The period of distribution for free of cost food grains under the PMGKAY has been extended for five years w.e.f. 1st January, 2024.

At present, against the intended coverage of 81.35 crore persons, about 80 crore persons are receiving food grains free of cost.

Annual Allocation of Foodgrains for 2025-26 under TPDS, OWS and Additional allocation (Flood, festival etc)

The Department of Food & PD makes allocation of food grains under NFSA {Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY), Priority Household (PHH), Tide Over, PM Poshan Scheme, Wheat Based Nutrition Programme [a component of Umbrella ICDS]} and Other Welfare Schemes such as, Scheme for Adolescent Girls, Annapurna Scheme and Welfare Institutions & Hostels Scheme (WIH). The Scheme-wise allocation for the year 2025-26 is as follows:

Annual Allocation of food grain 2025-26:-

In lakh tons

	Name of Scheme	Rice	Wheat	Nutri-cereals	Total

A	TPDS (NFSA ALLOCATION)
	Antyoday Anna Yojana (AAY)	71.66	27.75	0.01	99.42
	Priority Household (PHH)	277.70	143.96	7.83	429.48
	TPDS(Tide Over)	21.18	4.91	0.00	26.09
	Total	370.53	176.62	7.83	554.99

B	OTHER WELFARE SCHEMES
	PM POSHAN	18.14	3.87	0.30	22.31
	WBNP(ICDS)	11.86	10.97	0.22	23.05
	Welfare institutions and Hostel	4.76	0.96	0.00	5.72
	Scheme for adolescent Girls(SAG)	0.27	0.28	0.02	0.58
	Annapurna	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
	Total	35.03	16.08	0.54	51.65

C	ADDITIONAL ALLOCATION (Festival, calamity, additional TPDS etc.)
	Natural Calamity etc (MSP Rates)	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01
	Festival/Additional Requirement etc (Economic Cost)	0.92	0.60	0.00	1.52
	Total	0.92	0.61	0.00	1.52

A+B+C	Grand total	406.48	193.32	8.37	608.16

Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) reforms

100% ration cards/beneﬁciaries’ data have been digitized under NFSA in all States/UTs. Details of almost 20.55 Crore ration Cards covering around 79.8 Crore beneﬁciaries are available on transparency portals of States/UTs.

More than 99.9% Aadhaar seeding of ration cards (at least one member).

About 99.8% (5.50 Lakh of total 5.51 Lakh) Fair Price Shops (FPSs) in the country are automated using electronic Point of Sale (ePoS) devices for transparent and ensured distribution of subsidized food grains to beneficiaries.

Under distribution of food grains, more than 98% of the transactions have been recorded biometrically/Aadhaar authenticated by States/UTs.

Grievance Redressal Platform

The Department launched ASHA, an AI-driven citizen engagement and grievance-redressal platform under the IndiaAI Mission. Using Bhashini’s multilingual capability, WhatsApp and IVRS, it captures beneficiary feedback post-ration distribution, applies sentiment analysis, and auto-routes grievances, ensuring responsive and citizen-centric governance in the Public Distribution System.

Progress of One Nation One Ration Card plan

Starting with inter-State portability in just 4 States in August 2019, so far, the ONORC plan has been enabled in all 36 States/UTs (across the country) covering around 79.8 Crore NFSA beneﬁciaries, i.e., almost 100% NFSA population in the country.

Since inception of ONORC plan in August 2019, more than 195.9 Crore portability transactions have been recorded under the ONORC plan in the country delivering more than 464.7 LMT food grains, which includes both inter-State and intra-State transactions.

During year 2025, about 32.6 crore portability transactions were performed in 10 months of 2025 delivering around 64 LMT food grains including inter-state and intra-state portability transactions of NFSA and PMGKAY. Presently, more than 3.2 crore portability transactions are being recorded every month under PMGKAY foodgrain distribution.

6. Movement of foodgrains

FCI has moved total 9527 rakes of foodgrains with approximate quantity of 283.30 LMTs to meet the requirement of NFSA/various other schemes
Approximately, 63.69 LMTs foodgrains have been moved via Road Movement, to cater to the requirements of neighbouring consuming centers.
206 containerized rakes moved with approx. freight savings of Rs. 3.01 crore.
FCI is also undertaking multi-modal transportation of rice involving coastal shipping and road movement from designated depots of Andhra Pradesh to designated depots in Kerala and A&N Islands, and Karnataka to Lakshadweep. 0.22 LMT foodgrain stocks were moved via this mode, considering the conventional mode of transportation.

7. Support to Farmers

Procurement Operation: The main objectives of food management are procurement of foodgrains from farmers at remunerative prices, distribution of foodgrains to consumers, particularly the vulnerable sections of society at affordable prices and maintenance of buffer stock for food security and price stability. The Central Government extends price support to paddy, coarse grains and wheat through the FCI and State Agencies. All the foodgrains (wheat and paddy) conforming to the prescribed specifications offered for sale at specified centres are bought by the public procurement agencies at the Minimum Support Price (MSP) inclusive of bonus announced, if any. The farmers have the option to sell their produce to FCI/State Agencies at MSP or in the open market as is advantageous to them.

During Rabi Marketing Season 2025-26, a quantity of 300.35 LMT of wheat was procured through which 2513143 number of farmers were benefited.

During Kharif Marketing Season 2024-25, a quantity of 832.17 LMT of paddy has been procured through which 11858507 number of farmers were benefited. During ongoing KMS 2025-26, 243.48 LMT of paddy has been procured and 2122273 number of farmers have benefited till 17.11.2025.

Procurement of Coarse Grains/ Millets

The procurement of coarse grains/millets during the last three years and current year is as under:

Fig in Metric Tons

KMS	COMMODITY	Total
2022-23	JOWAR	85197
	BAJRA	182005
	MAIZE	13122
	RAGI	456745
	TOTAL	737069
2023-24	JOWAR	323163
	BAJRA	696457
	MAIZE	4532
	RAGI	230920
	TOTAL	1255073
2024-25	JOWAR	414855
	BAJRA	343352
	MAIZE	19482
	RAGI	394613
	TOTAL	1172302
2025-26*	JOWAR	3878
	BAJRA	57225
	MAIZE	2823
	RAGI	438
	MINOR MILLETS	-
	TOTAL	64365

* Procurement during KMS 2025-26 (Kharif) is still ongoing (figs. As on 16.11.2025)

9. Foodgrain packaging Material:

In view of the capacity of production by Jute mills and requirement by States/FCI, this Department has allocated 20.95 lakh jute bales in KMS 2025-26(Central Pool), and 5.20 lakh jute bales (upto December) in RMS 2026-27/KMS 2025-26(Rabi crop) to State Procuring Agencies and FCI.

10. Imposition of Wheat Stock Limit:

In order to manage the overall food security and to prevent hoarding and unscrupulous speculation, the Government of India has imposed wheat stock limits on 27th May 2025 which is revised on 26th August 2025, applicable to Trades/Wholesalers, Retailers, Big Chain Retailers and Processors for all States and Union Territories until 30th April 2026 for all States and Union Territories as under:

Entities	Wheat Stock Limit
Traders / Wholesalers	2000 MT
Retailers	8 MT for each Retail outlet.
Big Chain Retailers	Upto 8 MT for each retail outlet subject to maximum quantity of (8 multiplied by total no. of outlets) MT. This will be the maximum stock that can be held at all their retail outlets and depots put together
Processors	60% of Monthly Installed Capacity (MIC) multiplied by remaining months of FY 2025-26.

11. Food Subsidy

DFPD reimburses the expenditure incurred by States, that have opted for Decentralized Procurement (DCP) mode for procurement/distribution of food-grains to the beneficiaries of Central Schemes as per allocation made by Government of India. Further, funds are also released by Food Corporation of India (FCI) to the States for the quantum of food-grains handed over to them by States for Central Pool. The aforesaid food subsidy released to DCP States and FCI is made as per budgetary allocation made by MoF. The details of food subsidy released to FCI & DCP States during FY 2024-25 and current FY 2025-26 (as on 26.11.2025) is as below:

(in Rs crore)

Scheme	2024-25	2025-26*
FCI	129089.4	86517
DCP States (including DBT)	70410.6	50391.67
Total	199500.00	136908.67

* Rs. 2,03,000 crore has been allocated by Ministry of Finance in FY 2025-26 towards release of food subsidy to FCI and DCP States (Rs. 1,29,080.90 crore for FCI and Rs. 73,919.10 crore for DCP States.

Further, the details of food subsidy released to DCP States is at Annexure-I.

Achievements during FY 2025-26 are as under:-

(a) Implementation of SCAN- FCS module: - To accelerate the processing of State’s proposals for fixation of final incidental rates with a view to settlement of final food subsidy claim, Department of Food and Public Distribution has implemented the SCAN FCS module during the year. This will facilitate the submission and issue of FCS in a time bound manner to ensure final settlement. SCAN embodies the spirit of Digital India, delivering on the promise of efficiency, transparency and empowerment.

(b) Authorization of Panchayat in Procurement of Wheat: - With an aim to accelerate procurement operations and to achieve the estimated targets of procurement of wheat during RMS 2025-26 in a time-bound manner and considering the requests made by some State Governments, it was clarified that the commission @Rs. 27/- per quintal, as is being paid to co-operative societies, is also payable to Departmental arrangements by State Governments, including FPOs/SHGs/Panchayats, if procurement of wheat is done through them and activities meant for Co-operative Societies are performed by them for RMS 2025-26.

12. Open Market Sale Scheme (Domestic) [OMSS(D)]

Bharat Atta and Bharat Rice were launched on 06.11.2023 and 06.02.2024 respectively under Open Market Sale Scheme (Domestic) [OMSS(D)] to make available atta (wheat four) and rice to general consumers at subsidized rates. Bharat Atta and Bharat Rice is being sold through three central cooperative organizations viz. National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED), Kendriya Bhandar and National Cooperative Consumers' Federation of India Limited (NCCF).

During Phase II upto 30.06.2025, Bharat Atta and Bharat rice were sold at MRP of Rs. 30/kg and Rs. 34/kg. 3.34 LMT of Bharat Atta and 2.15 LMT of Bharat Rice were sold during Phase II of Bharat Brand. Phase-III of sale of Bharat Atta and Bharat Rice is upto 30.06.2026. During this phase, MRP for Bharat Atta has been fixed at Rs.31.50 per kg whereas MRP for Bharat Rice has been fixed at Rs.34 per kg for 5kg and 10 kg packs, and at Rs.32 per kg for the 30 kg pack up to 31.10.2025. With effect from 01.11.2025, MRP of Bharat Rice has been fixed at Rs.35 per kg for 5 kg and 10 kg packs, and at Rs.33 per kg for the 30 kg pack. A quantity of 5 LMT wheat for sale of Bharat Atta and 5 LMT rice for sale of Bharat Rice has been allocated, at present for sale during this phase.

Besides, 23.44 LMT of rice has been sold by FCI till 18.11.2025 in the categories 'private parties, Cooperative/Cooperative Federation through e-auction and to Small private traders /Entrepreneurs/ individuals from FCI Depots' under OMSS(D).

As on 18.11.2025, 31.71 LMT of rice has been sold during the year, to State Governments/Corporations of State Govt without participating in e-Auction and to community Kitchens.

During 2025 as on 18.11.2025, 33.06 LMT of rice has been sold to ethanol distilleries for production of ethanol.

50 LMT of Custom Milled Rice (CMR) with 10% broken rice and 10 LMT of broken rice produced under Rice Milling Transformation scheme have been allocated for sale to private parties through e-auction under OMSS(D) 2025-26.

24.45 LMT of wheat has been sold in year 2025 till 18.11.2025, to private parties through e-auction and to central cooperative organizations for sale as Bharat Atta.

13. Credit Guarantee Scheme for e-NWR based Pledge Financing (CGS-NPF)

The Credit Guarantee Scheme for e-NWR based Pledge Financing (CCS-NPF) has been approved with corpus of Rs. 1000 crore. This scheme is a Central Sectors Scheme to be implemented by Department of Food and Public Distribution (DFPD) from 2024-25 till end of 16th Finance Commission cycle i.e. till 2030-31. The Credit guarantee scheme is for pledge financing availed of by farmers against electronic negotiable warehouse receipts (e-NWRs) after depositing commodities in accredited warehouses.

The credit guarantee scheme will help in increasing post-harvest lending against e-NWRs and thereby play a role in improving farmers’ income. Credit Guarantee Scheme will instil confidence among lenders and improve trust on warehouseman to increase post-harvest finance through e-NWRs.

This scheme majorly focuses on Small and Marginal Farmers, Women, SC, ST and Divyangjan (PwD) farmers with a minimal guarantee fee. Besides, small traders (MSMEs) are also benefited under this scheme. This scheme covers the pledge loans extended on the NWRs issued against agricultural and horticultural commodities. Scheme covers the loss incurred by the bank due to credit and warehouse man risk.

Other non-measurable macro-economic outcomes include upgradation and standardization of warehousing, reduction in post-harvest losses, scientific storage of agri commodities, improvement in liquidity in rural areas, equitable growth of warehousing sector and improvement in commodity trading.

This scheme was published in Gazette Notification on 13.02.2025. On-boarding of banks with NCGTC has started and as on 30.11.2025, 40 banks have been on- boarded.

The updated status on Credit Guarantee Scheme for e-NWR based pledge financing (CGS-NPF) as on 30.11.2025 is as under:-

Number of banks On-boarded : 40
Number of guarantee issued : 95
Amount of guarantee issued : Rs. 22.88 Crores

14. Implementation of Anna Chakra (Route Optimization) in PDS supply chain

Route optimization is a strategic approach to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of PDS supply chain in India. In the context of the Public Distribution System (PDS), it involves utilizing optimisation algorithms developed by IIT-Delhi and United Nations World Food Programme to define optimal warehouse-to-warehouse and further to FPS (Fair Price Shop) mappings, which ensures the reduction of transportation costs and improved operational efficiency, thereby enabling cost effective and timely delivery of food grains to beneficiaries.

Optimisation exercise involved selecting the most efficient mappings for transporting of food grains, thereby saving time and reducing costs using Operations Research. This exercise marks a transformative step towards building a more efficient and cost-effective food supply chain.

With the completion of one year into the optimisation exercise, route optimisation assessments have been completed in the target 31 states. Results show tremendous promise, with transportation costs is estimated to be reduced by around Rs 250 crore per year of which saving of Rs 238 Crores saving has been reported by the states.

The inter-state route optimisation of movement of food grains from the surplus to deficit states have also been completed by integration with Railway’s Freight Operating Information System (FOIS). It is to be noted that the distances for optimisation were provided through the indigenous Gati Shakti Master Plan Platform.

By opting for the optimal movement routes, states reduced the average distances up to 50% percent and reduced the CO2 emissions by up to 35%.

This initiative is not only an economic win but also an environmental one. Global food miles- representing the distance food travels from production to consumption- account for nearly one-fifth of total food system emissions. Optimising India's food distribution routes can contribute significantly to reducing CO2 emissions, aligning with the country's climate change commitments under the Paris Agreement and its Conference of Parties (COP) targets. The reduction in fuel consumption will also help conserve the strategic foreign exchange reserves. This step would not only strengthen India's commitment to a climate-smart supply chain but also potentially generate financial benefits.

Based on the learning of optimisation of the PDS Distribution Supply Chain, the team of IIT Delhi and World Food Programme have also developed the optimisation plans for ongoing Kharif Marketing Season 2025-26 for 10 Paddy procuring states. The team will work on bringing efficiencies to the Procurement Supply Chain across most of the paddy and wheat procuring states.

This exercise aims to limit the human interventions which adversely impact the operational efficiency, additional logistics cost and pilferage in PDS Supply chain. State Governments have been provided with Anna Chakra Optimisation Tools and FCI has been provided with the Rake Optimisation Tool to optimise the Grain Supply Chain across the country. The automation of Supply Chain Decisions is a giant leap in line with the Hon’ble PM’s Gati Shakti initiative.

15. Brief on Steel Silos

With a view to modernize and upgrade the storage infrastructure for food grains and to ramp-up the storage capacity in India, steel silos are being created in PPP mode.

Under the Circuit model, Silos of capacity 5.50 Lakh MT are operational. Under Railway siding & Road-fed model, Silos of capacity 20.25 Lakh MT are functional and 4.00 Lakh MT are under construction.

Now, Department of Food & Public Distribution is creating capacity under Hub and Spoke Model Silos where “Hub” silos have a dedicated railway siding and container depot facility. While the transportation from “Spoke” Silos to Hub Silos is undertaken through road, transportation from Hub to Hub is via rail. Under this model, tenders have been awarded for construction of silos at 80 locations with 34.875 Lakh MT capacity in Phase-I. Out of this, a capacity of 3.75 Lakh MT at 05 locations has been completed and 31.125 Lakh MT at 75 locations is under construction.

Further, under Hub & Spoke Phase-II, tenders have been awarded for construction of silos at 54 locations with 25.125 Lakh MT capacity.

Steel silos are traditionally suitable for Wheat storage. On a pilot basis, steel silos for storage of Rice have been constructed at Kaimur and Buxar in Bihar (12,500 MT each) and based on the results, more rice silos will be created in future.

16. Depot Darpan Portal

The Depot Darpan Portal is a digital platform launched by the Department of Food and Public Distribution (DFPD) to improve the monitoring, transparency, and operational efficiency of food-grain storage depots of the Food Corporation of India (FCI) and the Central Warehousing Corporation (CWC) under the Public Distribution System (PDS). Through this portal, depot and warehouse managers upload geo-tagged data related to infrastructure, operations, and the financial performance of each depot.

The Portal uses a composite scoring mechanism that evaluates depots across two broad categories — infrastructure (including safety, storage conditions, technology adoption, and compliance) and operational parameters (such as stock turnover, losses, space utilisation, and manpower costs). Based on these assessments, each depot receives a star rating, providing a quick and comprehensive measure of its performance.

The portal is integrated with IoT sensors, CCTV systems, real-time dashboards, and AI-based tools, which enable continuous monitoring of critical parameters like temperature, humidity, CO₂ and phosphine gas levels, unauthorized entry, vehicle movements, and bag counts.

To ensure reliability, validation mechanisms are incorporated through 100% verification by supervisory officers along with random third-party audits. Additionally, a mobile application component allows senior officials to conveniently access depot ratings, dashboards, and performance metrics anytime and anywhere.

17. Bhandaran 360

Bhandaran 360, a new ERP platform launched in the Central Warehousing Corporation (CWC), integrates 41 functional modules across HR, finance, marketing, warehouse management, and project monitoring, while linking with 35 external systems including customs and port gateways, FCI and NAFED. It standardises warehouse operations nationwide, ensuring transparent, streamlined and error-free processes.

18. Sugar Sector

The Indian sugar industry is an important agro-based industry that impacts rural livelihoods of about 5 crore sugarcane farmers & their families and around 5 lakh workers directly employed in the sugar factories. Employment is also generated in various activities relating to transport, trade servicing of machinery and supply of agriculture inputs. India is the second largest producer and the largest consumer of sugar in the world. Today, Indian sugar industry's annual output is more than ₹1 lakh crore

There were 534 operational sugar factories in the country in sugar season 2024-25. Average annual production of sugarcane is now increased to about 4500-5000 Lakh Metric Tonnes (LMT) which is inter-alia used to produce around 260-300 LMT of sugar after diverting about 30-40 LMT sugar for ethanol production.

As a result of pro-farmers measures taken by the Govt., about 99.9% of cane dues of earlier sugar seasons have been cleared. For the previous sugar season 2024-25 (Oct-Sept), against cane dues payable of Rs. 102687 crores, about Rs. 100501 crores have been paid and only Rs. 2186 crore dues are to be paid. Thus, about 98% cane dues have been paid to farmers.

19. Ethanol Blending Petrol Programme

Ethanol is an agro-based product which is used for blending with petrol as fuel and many other industrial uses including manufacturing hand sanitizers. It is produced from a by-product of the sugar industry, namely molasses as well as starchy food grains. In years of surplus production of sugarcane, when prices are depressed, the sugar industry is unable to make timely payment of cane price to farmers and to find a permanent solution to address the problem of excess sugar and improve the liquidity of sugar mills by helping them to clear their cane dues on time, Government is encouraging sugar mills to divert excess sugarcane to ethanol. Government of India has been implementing Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme throughout the country wherein Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) sell blended petrol. Under EBP Programme, Government has fixed the target of 20% blending of ethanol with petrol by Ethanol Supply Year (ESY) 2025-26.

Till year 2014, ethanol distillation capacity of molasses-based distilleries was less than 200 crore litres. Supply of ethanol to OMCs was only 38 crore litres with blending levels of only 1.53 % in ethanol supply year (ESY) 2013-14. However, in past 10 years due to positive policy interventions made by the Government, existing capacity of ethanol production in the country (as on 31.10.2025) has increased to 1953 crore litres (980 crore liters of grain based and 973 crore liters of molasses/ dual-feed based distilleries). During Ethanol Supply Year (Nov-Oct) 2024-25, 19.24% blending has been successfully achieved. Successful implementation of Ethanol Blended with Petrol (EBP) Programme has led to multiple benefits in various aspects:

Sale of ethanol has resulted in better cash flows for sugar mills resulting in prompt payment to cane farmers. In last 10 years (2014-15 to 2024-25), sugar mills have earned revenue of more than ₹ 1.29 lakh crores from sale of ethanol which has improved the financial condition of sugar mills.

As a result of this effective government policy, investment opportunities worth over ₹ 42,000/- crore emerged, leading to the establishment of new distilleries in rural areas and contributing to direct and indirect employment generation.

20. Digitization in Sugar Sector

To promote ease of doing business, bringing transparency and to have all the relevant data of sugar mills and ethanol industry at one place, a dedicated module has been developed on National Single Window System (NSWS). DFPD in collaboration with Invest India automated various compliance of the sugar mills on NSWS portal. Also, the monthly information has also been digitalized and about 535 sugar mills are filing the same on monthly basis. Further, to ensure real-time data availability, improve data accuracy and to eliminate redundant data and manual intervention, the process for sharing the monthly data in digitalized form through Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) on National Single Window System (NSWS) has been initiated. In addition to above, a MIS dashboard, namely ‘Chini Darpan’ Portal has also been developed for release of monthly sugar sale quota. This will ensure transparency and accuracy in sugar sales data.

Annexure I

State-wise breakup of food subsidy released to DCP States is as under:

(Rs. in Crore)

Year	2024-25	2025-26 (as on 31.10.2025)
Assam#		9.36
Bihar	9725.40	7393.98
Punjab	2572.72	1816.19
Madhya Pradesh	10189.04	7079.00
Andhra Pradesh	8398.98	4702.22
Telangana	4178.27	2822.66
Uttar Pradesh	9.09	119.92
West Bengal	8899.88	9352.14
Chhattisgarh	5695.55	1958.15
Uttrakhand	1159.26	80.75
Tamil Nadu	6033.90	5620.42
Odisha	9948.83	6140.07
Karnataka	1281.18	935.79
Gujarat	138.87
Kerala	1062.36	471.23
Maharashtra	327.74	1458.49
Jharkhand @	502.99	233.76
Tripura	64.26
DBT*	221.95	197.54
Total (DCP, DBT)	70410.60	50391.67

Year- End Review 2025: Department of Land Resources

2026-01-04T18:43:00.001+05:30

Department of Land Resources is implementing two Schemes/Programmes:

Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP) and
Watershed Development Component of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (WDC- PMKSY)

1. Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP): Achieving Saturation

The Department achieved near-total saturation in the core components of land record digitization, effectively shifting land administration from "in-line" to "online".

Computerization of RoRs: Completed in 97.27% of villages nationwide.
Digitization of Maps: Cadastral maps have been digitized for 97.14% of the country.
Text-Map Integration: A critical milestone where 84.89% of villages have successfully linked their textual Record of Rights (RoRs) with spatial cadastral maps.
Impact: Citizens in 19 states can now download digitally signed, legally valid land records from home, and banks in 406 districts can verify mortgages online, significantly speeding up credit access.

2. NAKSHA: Revolutionizing Urban Land Records

Addressing the complexities of urban land management, the NAKSHA (National Geospatial Knowledge-based Land Survey of Urban Habitations) pilot programme made rapid progress in 157 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs).

Aerial Survey: Aerial flying was completed in 116 ULBs (87% of targets), covering ~5,915 sq. km with high-resolution imagery.
Ground Truthing: Initiated in 72 ULBs, with 100% completion achieved in 21 cities.
Incentivizing States (SASCI): Under the 'Scheme for Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI) 2025-26', the Department successfully recommended ₹1,050 Crore in funding to 24 States/UTs that achieved specific NAKSHA milestones.

3. Strategic Launches: Land Stack and Glossary of Revenue Terms

The year concluded with two landmark initiatives launched on 31st December 2025.

Land Stack: Launched as a pilot in Chandigarh and Tamil Nadu, this GIS-based platform integrates land, ownership, registration, and building data. It enables departments (Revenue, Survey, Registration, Local Bodies) to operate on a unified, interoperable platform, drawing from global best practices.
Glossary of Revenue Terms (GoRT): To address the linguistic diversity of India's land administration, a glossary was released to harmonize terms like Khasra, Dag, and Pula. It provides meanings in Vernacular, Hindi, English, and Roman scripts to ensure data interoperability without replacing State-specific terminology.

4. ULPIN (Bhu-Aadhaar): A Unique Identity for Land

The Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN), a 14-digit alphanumeric code based on geo-coordinates, has been established as the "Aadhaar for Land".

Coverage: As of November 2025, ULPIN has been assigned to over 36 crore land parcels across 29 States and UTs.
Benefits: It eliminates duplicity, prevents benami transactions, and paves the way for a unified land ecosystem.

5. NGDRS: One Nation, One Registration

The National Generic Document Registration System (NGDRS) has streamlined property transactions, promoting "Ease of Doing Business".

Adoption: Implemented in 17 States/UTs, including Punjab, Maharashtra, and Himachal Pradesh.
Integration: 88.6% of Sub-Registrar Offices (SROs) are now integrated with revenue offices, enabling automatic mutation of land records immediately after registration.

6. Policy Reforms and Social Impact

Gender Column in RoR: In a historic step towards women's empowerment, a mandatory Gender Column was introduced in the Record of Rights. This allows for the generation of gender-disaggregated data to support women-centric policies and targeted benefit delivery.
Revenue Court Case Management System (RCCMS): To tackle the backlog of land disputes, 22 States have deployed RCCMS. The system offers online filing, real-time tracking, and integration with land records to reflect court orders instantly.
Land Acquisition (RFCTLARR Act, 2013): The Division continued to enforce fair compensation and rehabilitation standards, ensuring that land acquisition remains humane, participative, and transparent.

7. Institutional Strengthening: Centers of Excellence (CoE)

To sustain these reforms, the Department expanded its network of Centers of Excellence (CoEs) to six, adding a new institute in Gujarat this year. These centers provide critical training on drone surveys, GIS, and modern land laws.

S.No.	Name of CoE	Jurisdiction (States/UTs)
1	YASHADA, Pune	Maharashtra, MP, Chhattisgarh, Goa
2	ATI, Mysore	Karnataka, Kerala, TN, AP, Telangana, Puducherry, A&N, Lakshadweep
3	ASSTC, Guwahati	Assam, NE States (Tripura, Manipur, etc.)
4	MGSIPA, Punjab	Punjab, Haryana, HP, J&K, Chandigarh, Ladakh
5	LBSNAA, Mussoorie	UP, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, WB, Odisha
6	DISRA, Gandhinagar	Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi, D&NH, D&D

8. Financial Discipline

For FY 2025-26, nearly 60% of the budget was utilized by mid-November, reflecting the accelerated pace of implementation.

2. Watershed Development Component of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (WDC- PMKSY)

Watershed Development Component of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (WDC-PMKSY): The scheme has a Central Share of Rs. 8,134 crore for development of rainfed and degraded lands for a period from 2021-22 to 2025-26. The target area of WDC-PMKSY 2.0 (49.50 Lakh ha; corresponding to the Central Share of Rs 8,134 crore) was allocated to States/UTs and Department sanctioned 1220 projects covering an area of 52.93 lakh ha at a total cost of Rs. 12,972.86 crore (Rs. 8,487.97 crore as Central share) to 28 States and UTs (J&K and Ladakh). A cumulative amount of Rs. 5576 crore of Central fund has been released to States/UTs under WDC-PMKSY 2.0.

The Department has sanctioned additional 70 watershed projects to 10 States based on the performance.

The achievements have been as follows (01.04.2025 to 30.09.2025) :

17,237 Water harvesting structures created / rejuvenated

35,882 ha Additional area brought under protective irrigation in hectares

4.86 lakh Farmers benefitted

13,953 ha Plantation (afforestation/ horticulture) done

Watershed Yatra: A mass outreach campaign titled “Watershed Yatra” was conducted during February 2025 to May, 2025, to create awareness (जनजागृति) about the Watershed Development activities carried out under WDC-PMKSY 2.0 and to generate people’s participation (जनभागीदारी) in project areas.

The Watershed Yatra was organized in 26 states and 2 Union Territories. The activities included bhoomi poojan of new woks, lokarpan of completed works, administering of bhoomi aur jal sanrakshan pledge, shramdaan, watershed ki panchayat, Watershed Janbhagidari Cup etc. The Yatra which was held in 2045 locations saw 10,432 lokarpan, 3,769 bhoomi poojan, shramdan at 1902 locations, plantation of 2,18,661 saplings and an overall footfall of more than 8.5 lakh people. Learning Management System (LMS) for Watershed Development has been developed and participated by 10,557 participants.

The Yatra has helped in dramatically increasing people’s participation in the implementation of the scheme.

Watershed Janbhagidari Cup

To sustain the momentum of the Watershed Yatra, the Watershed Janbhagidari Cup was launched to foster community ownership and healthy competition among watershed projects.

Over 250 non-profit organisations have been engaged, and about 1,958 works are being undertaken through Janbhagidari at an estimated cost of ₹55.91 crore.

Watershed Mahotsav: On 11th November 2025, a nationwide campaign titled “Watershed Mahotsav” was launched by the Union Minister of Rural Development, in the presence of the Minister of State for Rural Development & Communications, to further strengthen public participation in watershed initiatives. Activities included award distribution under the Watershed Janbhagidari Cup, Lokarpan, Bhumi Pujan, Shramdaan, plantation drives, and the launch of Mission Watershed Punarutthan for repair and maintenance of earlier watershed assets. A Social Media Competition was also introduced to enhance outreach and visibility.

Springshed Development activities: More than 4595 Springs have been identified by the 15 States for development under WDC-PMKSY 2.0 wherein 3357 Springs have already been rejuvenated resulting in major improvement in discharge volume and period of availability of Spring water.

Under the World Bank aided REWARD program, draft National Technical Guidelines for next generation watershed projects have been finalized. It aims at integrating new age technologies like Land Resource Inventory (LRI), Hydrology and Decision Support System (DSS) based on digital soil mapping for scientific watershed planning and execution.

A proposal of EFC Memo for next phase of the WDC-PMKSY 3.0 has been prepared with a total cost of Rs. 16253 cr. (Central share of Rs.10938 cr.) for taking up of conventional watershed projects plus some innovative components to be implemented outside watershed project areas such as (i) Development of 15,000 Springs (ii) Rejuvenation of rivers / streams that are on the verge of drying up or have dried up to be taken up in 8 Major States and (iii) Rejuvenation of Water bodies (including Traditional Water bodies) - to address the need of development of drought prone and rainfed areas not covered under the conventional watershed project. Extensive discussions and consultations with all the relevant stake holders i.e. State Governments, research institutes /relevant scientific organizations, ICAR Institutes, public /Pvt. sector agencies, relevant reputed NGOs have been undertaken in connection with preparation of proposed EFC memo of WDC-PMKSY 3.0.

The importance of Natural Farming is strongly emphasized at the national level. Considering that the objectives of Natural Farming are closely aligned with the goals of soil health conservation, ecosystem restoration, and sustainable land management, the Department proposed to promote Natural Farming on a pilot basis in about 50,000 hectares under the proposed WDC-PMKSY 3.0, as a strategic intervention towards climate-resilient and sustainable agriculture.

A two-day National Watershed Conference was organised on 10–11 November 2025 at Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, to review the progress of WDC–PMKSY 2.0 and deliberate on the roadmap for future watershed programmes beyond 2026.

National Conference on Land Resource Inventory (LRI) for Sustainable Watershed Management held during 3–5 June 2025.

International Conference on “Watershed Resilience: Integrating Science, Sustainability, and Society”, organised during 26–28 November 2025 at Bengaluru under the World Bank-assisted REWARD Programme, with participation from global experts, national institutions, State Governments, and civil society organisations.

The initiatives undertaken during 2025 reinforce the Government’s commitment to sustainable watershed management, climate resilience, community participation, and long-term water security for rural India.

Initiatives & Achievements-2025 of Health Department

2026-01-04T18:42:00.002+05:30

Ayushman Bharat:

Ayushman Bharat comprises of four components:

a. Ayushman Arogya Mandir

The first component pertains to creation of 1,50,000 Health and Wellness Centres (AB-HWCs), now renamed as Ayushman Arogya Mandir, by upgrading the Sub Health Centres (SHCs) and rural and urban Primary Health Centres (PHCs), in both urban and rural areas, to bring health care closer to the community. These centres aim to provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC), by expanding and strengthening the existing Reproductive & Child Health (RCH) and Communicable Diseases services and by including services related to Non-Communicable Diseases (common NCDs such as, Hypertension, Diabetes and three common cancers of Oral, Breast and Cervix) and incrementally adding primary healthcare services for mental health, ENT, Ophthalmology, Oral health, Geriatric and Palliative care and Trauma care as well as health promotion and wellness activities like yoga.

Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC) through Ayushman Arogya Mandir – Ayushman Bharat aims to holistically address health (covering preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative care), at primary, secondary and tertiary level by adopting a continuum of care approach. In the lifetime of an individual, the primary healthcare services cater to 80- 90% of the healthcare needs for improved healthcare outcomes and quality of life of the population.

The Primary Health Care team ensures that community outreach and population enumeration are done for individuals in their catchment area and screened for communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases for early detection and timely referral for accurate diagnosis. The team further ensures that treatment adherence and follow-up care are provided to the patients in the community. The essential health services along with the provisioning of essential medicines and diagnostics are provided closer to the community through these centres, as a step towards building stronger and resilient primary healthcare systems which cater to the healthcare needs of the population.

Achievement and Service Delivery at Ayushman Arogya Mandir:

As on 30.11.2025, 1,81,873 Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAM) have been operationalized with expanded package of 12 services and teleconsultation facilities available with footfall of 494.71 crore and 41.93 crore teleconsultations.
Till date, 39.50 crore screenings have been done for hypertension and 36.70 crore screenings done for diabetes. Similarly, there have been 32.40 crore screenings for oral cancer, 15.23 crore screenings for cervical cancer in women and more than 8.37 screenings for breast cancer in women.
Further, as on 30th November, 2025, over 6.54 crore Yoga/wellness Sessions have been conducted in operational Ayushman Arogya Mandir.

b. Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY:

The second pillar of Ayushman Bharat is the Pradhan Mantri - Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY), the largest publicly funded health assurance scheme in the world which provides health cover of Rs. 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization.
Currently, 12 Crore families are covered under the scheme. Many States/UTs implementing AB PM-JAY have further expanded the beneficiary base, at their own cost, for their state/UT scheme.
Approximately 37 lakhs ASHA, AWWs, and AWH were included under AB PM-JAY scheme from February 2024.
As of 1st December 2025, approximately 42.48 Crore Ayushman Cards have been created since the inception of the scheme.
As of 1st December 2025, a total of 10.98 crore hospital admissions amounting to Rs. 1.60 lakh crores have been authorized under the scheme.
As on 1st December, 2025, a total of 32,574 hospitals including 15,532 private hospitals are empanelled under AB PM-JAY to provide healthcare services to scheme beneficiaries.
AB PM-JAY has ensured gender equity in access to healthcare services. Women account for approximately 49% of the total Ayushman cards created and approximately 48% of total authorized hospital admissions.
On 29th October 2024, Prime Minister launched “Ayushman Vay Vandana card” under which all senior citizens of age 70 years and above will be provided all the benefits of AB PM-JAY irrespective of their socio-economic status. It is estimated around 4.5 crore families constituting around 6 crore individuals will be covered through this expansion of AB PM-JAY. 94,19,515 people have already enrolled for Ayushman Vay Vandana Card so far.
An Android based ‘Ayushman App’ has been launched by National Health Authority wherein self-verification feature for beneficiaries has been enabled. The app has been developed using latest technology and provided different modes of authentication i.e. face-auth, OTP, IRIS, and fingerprint for Ayushman Card creation. This ensures that any mobile device can be used for Ayushman card creation.
The Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY was expanded to Delhi and Odisha in 2025 after an MoU with the states.

c) Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM):

The third pillar is the Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission, PM-ABHIM) with an outlay of about Rs. 64,180 Cr. It was launched by Prime Minister on 25th October, 2021, to be implemented during the scheme period from FY 2021-22 to FY 2025-26. This is the largest pan-India scheme for strengthening healthcare infrastructure across the country. The measures under the scheme focus on developing capacities of health systems and institutions across the continuum of care at all levels viz. primary, secondary and tertiary and on preparing health systems in responding effectively to the current and future pandemics/disasters.

The Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission targets to build an IT enabled disease surveillance system by developing a network of surveillance laboratories at block, district, regional and national levels, in Metropolitan areas & strengthening health units at the Points of Entry, for effectively detecting, investigating, preventing, and combating Public Health Emergencies and Disease Outbreaks.

Increased investments are also targeted to support research on COVID-19 and other infectious diseases, including biomedical research to generate evidence to inform short-term and medium-term response to COVID-19 like pandemics and to develop core capacity to deliver the One Health Approach to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease outbreaks in animals and humans.

The budget allocation under this mission is in addition to the National Health Mission (NHM).

Under the CSS components of the scheme, provision has been made for:

The Construction of 17,788 Building less Sub-Centres as Ayushman Arogya Mandir’s and 11,024 Health & Wellness Centres in Urban areas with a focus on slum and slum like areas are envisioned under the scheme during the period 2021- 22 to 2025-26. Further, 3382 Block Public Health Units (BPHUs) at the block level, establishment of 730 District Integrated Public Health Labs in the country, wherein each district will have one such lab. All the Districts with more than 5 Lakhs population will have 50 to 100 bedded Critical Care Hospital Blocks and remaining districts will have referral linkages.

The Current status of CSS component: Under the scheme (excluding XV-FC share), total financial allocation for the State/UTs during the scheme period (2021- 2026) is Rs. 34,932.27 Crore. Under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) component of PM-ABHIM, administrative approval has been accorded to the States/UTs for an amount of Rs. 32,928.82 Crore for construction/ strengthening of 9519 Sub-Health Centres AAM, 5456 Urban AAM, 2151 Block Public Health Units, 744 Integrated Public Health Labs at District level and 621 Critical Care Blocks (CCBs) so far.

Setting up of 150 bedded Critical Care Hospital Block (CCHB) has been approved in 12 Central Hospitals under PM-ABHIM viz. AIIMS - Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh), Bhubaneswar (Odisha), Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Patna (Bihar), Rishikesh (Uttarakhand), Raipur (Chhattisgarh), IMS-BHU, AIIMS New Delhi, PGI Chandigarh, JIPMER Puducherry, RIMS Imphal and NEIGRIHMS Shillong.

The proposed 150 bedded CCHB includes emergency complex, intermediate care and HDU, isolation-special category Ward, Intensive Care Unit, Isolation Rooms- Burns ICU & HDU, Operation theatre complex, etc. which are at various stages of implementation. Standard Equipment List for 150-Bedded Critical Care Hospital Block (CCHB) under PM-ABHIM has been formulated.

d) Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission-ABDM:

The Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM), launched in September 2021, is an initiative of the Government of India aimed at building a citizen-centric interoperable digital health ecosystem. With ABDM, citizens can securely store and access their medical records (e.g., prescriptions, diagnostic reports, discharge summaries) and share them with healthcare providers after their consent. This enables the creation of a longitudinal health history, ensuring continuity of care. Citizens will have access to accurate and verified information about health facilities and service providers. Through these initiatives, ABDM aims to make healthcare more accessible.

The core components of ABDM’s technological architecture include four registries for providing a trustable identity across healthcare stakeholders in the ecosystem: Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) for citizens, Healthcare Professional Registry (HPR), Health Facility Registry (HFR) and the Drug Registry. Additionally, three gateways facilitate seamless healthcare information exchange ensuring interoperability: Health Information Consent Manager (HIE-CM), the National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX), and Unified Health Interface (UHI).

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Ministry of Law and Justice: Year End Report 2025

2026-01-04T18:40:00.002+05:30

Directive for the Efficient and Effective Management of Litigation by the GOI:

In furtherance of the Government of India’s policy to prevent, regulate, and reduce litigation involving the Union of India, the Department of Legal Affairs (DLA), Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India, has issued the “Directive for the Efficient and Effective Management of Litigation by the Government of India” on 4th April, 2025. This Directive has been developed pursuant to the recommendations of the Committee of Secretaries (CoS), chaired by the Cabinet Secretary. It shall be applicable to all Ministries and Departments of the Central Government, including their attached and subordinate offices, autonomous bodies, as well as Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) in matters pertaining to arbitration.

The Directive adopts a comprehensive approach in reinforcing the goal of good governance, ensuring public welfare, and facilitating the timely dispensation of justice. It aims to introduce stringent measures to simplify legal procedures, prevent unnecessary litigation, address inconsistencies in notifications and orders, minimise unwarranted appeals, streamline inter-departmental coordination in litigation, ensure greater public accountability in arbitration matters, and establish a robust Knowledge Management System (KMS) to improve and enhance the efficiency of legal processes.

2. Appointment/Empanelment of Law Officers in the year 2025:

Re-appointment Sh. R. Venkataramani, Attorney General has been done for further period of two years.
Three New Post of Additional Solicitor General for Indian in Supreme Court of India has been created, Notified and filled up.
Nine Deputy Solicitor General of India in Various High Courts / Benches of High Courts, have engaged afresh and term of Five Dy.SGI has been extended.
A total of 3877 Advocates empanelled or their terms as panel counsel have been extended for various courts / tribunals in the country.
Resignations of 25 panel counsel have been processed.

3). Nomination of Arbitration panel counsel in domestic as well International commercial disputes, involving Government/PSE on the one hand and PSE/private party on the other:

Requests are received regarding engagement of Arbitration Panel Counsel to represent various Ministries / Departments in arbitration cases. During the said period, in response to such requests, Arbitration Panel Counsel have been engaged in about 100 arbitration cases.

4). Entering into Treaties and Agreements with foreign countries in matters of civil law:

Ministry of Law & Justice, Department of Legal Affairs, is the nodal Ministry for reciprocal arrangement with foreign countries. In addition to this, Ministry of Law & Justice, Department of Legal Affairs undergoes various agreements on legal co-operation under civil law with other countries. Under this obligation, during 2025, the Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties in civil and commercial matters with the Socialist Republic of Vietnam has been signed. Furhther to the same, Visit of a delegation has been organized dated 23rd December, 2025 (Photo Attached).

5). Examination and processing of requests arising out of bilateral treaties in respect of service of summons etc. (Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties/reciprocal arrangements) and multilateral treaties (the Hague convention of 1965/1971):

M/o Law & Justice, Department of Legal Affairs is the Central Authority under Hague Convention, 1965 and 1971 for servicing of summons/notices and for taking of evidence in Civil & Commercial matters for service abroad of judicial & extra judicial documents in civil and commercial matters. Under this obligation, during the said period, about 3200 requests have been processed.

6). Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR):

India International Arbitration Centre (IIAC) has been established under the India International Arbitration Centre Act, 2019, for the purpose of creating an independent, autonomous and world class body for facilitating institutional arbitration and to declare the Centre to be an institution of national importance. The Centre provides a dispute resolution platform for resolution of commercial disputes through arbitration. The Centre is envisaged to become a model arbitral institution in the country, thereby paving the way for enhancing the quality of institutional framework for arbitration. The Centre has empanelled 97 Arbitrators for International Arbitration and 271 for Domestic Arbitration.

The Centre has organized following conferences during 2025;

Colloquium on the theme “International Arbitration: Indian Perspective” on 1st March, 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
Conference of the senior officials of the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) on the theme “Institutional Arbitration: An Effective Framework For Dispute Resolution” on 14 June 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
Partner event during the Singapore Convention Week 2025 on the theme “Selection of Arbitrators in India related disputes” at Singapore on 28 August 2025.
Webinar on Institutional Arbitration: An Appropriate Dispute Resolution Mechanism, in collaboration with Federation of Indian Export Organisation (FIEO), on 24th September, 2025.

The Centre has further signed the following Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) during 2025;

MOU between IIAC and Asian African Legal Consultative Organization (AALCO) for collaboration
MOU between IIAC and Paryaya ADR Society, Law Centre-I, University of Delhi for collaboration.

IIAC launched its inaugural edition of the IIAC Annual Magazine on 09 December 2025, for diffusion of knowledge of law and procedures on alternative dispute resolution and related matters, both domestic and international.

The Centre has also notified the India International Arbitration Centre (Transaction of Business of Committee) Regulations, 2025 and Amendments to the India International Arbitration Centre (Criteria for the Admission to the Panel of Arbitrators) Regulations, 2023

The Department of Legal Affairs is administratively also concerned with the Mediation Act 2023, Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 and Commercial Act, 2015 wherein the Department continues to take legislative & policy interventions to enhance the commercial dispute resolution ecosystem.

7). LIMBS (Legal Information and Management Briefing System):

The Legal Information Management and Briefing System (LIMBS) is a web-based application for monitoring all court cases where Union of India is a party. LIMBS came into operation in February 2016 and since then, the application under the supervision of the Department of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Law and Justice. It is an innovative and easy to access online tool that is available 24x7 to all the stakeholders, viz., senior Government officers/officials, nodal officers and users of the Ministries/Departments.

LIMBS also captures arbitration at the ministry/department level followed by nomination of arbitrators, and the proceedings. The Department of Legal Affairs, Cabinet Secretariat, Niti Aayog, and PMO can access court case details on LIMBS. Central Agency Section (CAS) of the Department of Legal Affairs also identifies and enters the details of important cases filed by the Union of India (UoI) before the Supreme Court. EAC-PM (Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister) was also given access to the LIMBS Portal.

Leaning towards a more automated system minimizing the manual data entry process, efforts are being made to integrate LIMBS with various Courts and Tribunal databases through APIs for seamless data transfer and update. In this regard, Supreme Court, High Court, District Courts, and 17 Tribunals were approached. Department of Legal Affairs in cooperation with NIC and respective Court/Tribunal Authorities had successfully integrated LIMBS with the following Courts and Tribunals:

Courts/Tribunals integrated with LIMBS via API i.e.

Supreme Court
High Courts
District & Session Courts

Tribunals (9):

Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT)
Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT)
Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (APTEL)
Customs Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT)
Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT)
National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT)
National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT)
National Green Tribunal (NGT)
Railway Claims Tribunal (RCT)

Integration of LIMBS with the remaining 4 Tribunals (AFT, NCDRC, CGIT, and Appellate Tribunals under SAFEMA) is in progress.

As on date LIMBS was implemented in all Ministries of the Government of India, its departments, and attached offices and it brought all the stakeholders viz. users, Nodal Officers of the various Ministry/Departments, advocates etc. on a single platform. With the concerted efforts of Ministries/Departments, the application has captured 13.05 lakh court cases (including disposed of cases) through 13310 registered users, thereby creating a unified database of litigations pertaining to the Union of India. The application has captured details of all courts and 18687 Panel and other advocates.

A) Impact of LIMBS

LIMBS is an initiative launched at an opportune time, serving as a catalyst for improvements in the monitoring of court cases from the perspective of Ministries/Departments of Union of India. It aims to integrate with the e-Court application, providing a comprehensive solution for the effective oversight of UOI litigation. LIMBS employs a unified database, standard templates, and a common nomenclature to remove confusion and ambiguity in handling court cases. SMS alerts to advocates, users, and concerned officers ensure vigilant case management. Additionally, MIS reports have enhanced the functioning of legal cells across different Ministries/Departments.
LIMBS has thus revolutionized the litigation monitoring system of the Union of India by introducing accountability, ownership, and cohesiveness among the users across the Ministries and improving transparency by entering the necessary information on this web application.
LIMBS offers affordable web technology access to all stakeholders in the UOI involved in a court case, coordinating inputs that are seamlessly available 24/7 according to predefined access rules. This enables continuous monitoring of a case's various stages through a comprehensive suite of user-friendly reports.
LIMBS aims to reduce financial burden, conserve time, and bring efficiency in the working of various Departments of a Ministry. It fosters transparency and instils a sense of responsibility among all stakeholders throughout the duration of a court case.
It will assist authorities in making data-driven decisions, evaluating the performance of various stakeholders, and conducting legal audits.

For the government to function in a more coordinated manner and to achieve the intended outcomes, it is essential that various departments submit their data promptly within a specified timeframe and in an integrated fashion.

B) Training/Meeting Conducted by LIMBS Team:

Keeping in view the huge user base, LIMBS had extended its support for the smooth adoption of application by all concerned Ministries/Departments. 200+ training/meeting sessions (both through Online and offline modes) were conducted by the LIMBS team which covered officers/officials of various Ministries/Departments like M/o Finance (Revenue CBDT), M/o Home Affairs (NCB), M/o Defence (Ex-serviceman Welfares and Defence Estates), D/o Space, M/o Labour and Employment, M/o Corporate affairs, M/o Communications (NICF), M/o Women child and Development, CAG etc to ensure effective dissemination of its features.

8). Law Commission of India: Hon’ble Chairperson and Members of 23rd Law Commission of India assumed charge w.e.f 16.04.2025.

Sentencing Policy: The Department of Justice constituted a Committee under the Chairmanship of Chairman of the Law Commission of India to examine the feasibility of introducing a comprehensive sentencing policy in India pursuant to Hon’ble Supreme Court’s directions dated 17.05.2024 in Criminal Appeal no. 3924 of 2023, Sunita Devi vs. State of Bihar & Anr. The Committee has submitted its interim report in the Supreme Court in November, 2025.

9). Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) Benches: The Tribunal has its own premises at Jaipur, Bengaluru, Cuttack, Delhi and Lucknow. Whereas, at many other places Tribunal functions from Government or Semi Government premises. At a few stations Benches continue to function from private premises on monthly rent. Continuous efforts are being undertaken for strengthening infrastructure, including construction of new office buildings at Ahmedabad and Kolkata, which are at advanced stages and new buildings may be inaugurated in the March of 2026, and construction of new office building at Guwahati in collaboration with - Inland Waterways Authority of India, reflecting the institution's commitment to stable infrastructure, dignified working conditions and efficient delivery of justice. Efforts are being made to identify land/Govt. Buildings at the following stations, where the following Benches are functioning from privately owned rented premises: -

i) Rajkot (Ahmedabad Zone)

ii) Surat (Ahmedabad Zone)

iii) Jodhpur (Chandigarh Zone)

iv) Ranchi (Kolkata Zone)

v) Jabalpur (Lucknow Zone)

Head office at Mumbai functions from CGO Complex which is very old. Sincere efforts are being taken to identify land /own building.

Disposal of appeals at ITAT:

The All-India pendency of appeals in the ITAT, as on 1.12.2025 is 44776. The total disposal of appeals in the Calendar Year 2024 was 38370 and in the Calendar Year 2025 (i.e. upto 01.12.2025) total disposal is 52088 which is a substantial increase of 35.75% in comparison to the total disposal in the Calendar Year 2024. Virtual/Hybrid Hearing is enabled at all regular Benches of ITAT and they are conducting the Hybrid Hearings using the necessary infrastructure. E-filing of appeals has also substantially increased during the Year 2025.

10). Training Sessions Organised by the Department:

Following important conferences/workshops were organised during the Year 2025:

Organized behavioural workshop on "Mind the Mind" on 08.01.2025 in association with Brahma Kumaris for all the employees of the Department of Legal Affairs.
Conducted the training of its approximately 411 officers (in total 12 Batch) of the Department during the Rastriya Karmayogi Large Scale Jan Seva Training program to instil Seva Bhav amongst them during the period from 24.01.2025 to 01.03.2025.
Organized Phase-II of the Jan Seva Programme across its Branch Secretariats under the insightful leadership of Secretary, Department of Legal Affairs. A total no. of 105 Officers/Officials across the Branch Secretariats were trained during the Phase-II of the Jan Seva Programme.

Branch Secretariat, Mumbai – 08.06.2025

Branch Secretariat, Chennai – 14.06.2025

Branch Secretariat, Bengaluru – 21.06.2025

Branch Secretariat, Kolkata – 28.06.2025

IV. Organized training programme on 09.04.2025 on “Usage of Legal Research Tools” for all the ALAs, Supdt. (L), Assistant (Legal) of the Department of Legal Affairs.

A Training Program for the senior ILS Cadre Officers of the Department of Legal Affairs was organized at the Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) from 30.06.2025 to 04.07.2025.

11). Notary Cell:

Issuance of Digitally signed Certificate of Practice through Notary Portal: In order to provide a paperless, faceless and efficient system, and to achieve the goal of the digital India of the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, the Notary Portal i.e. https://notary.gov.in has been developed and launched on 03.09.2024 as a dedicated platform for providing online services like submission of applications for appointment as notaries, issuance and renewal of Certificates of Practice, change of practice area, submission of annual returns, etc. The Notary Portal has different modules, to be rolled out in phases. Presently, the module related to verification of documents and eligibility and issuance of digitally signed Certificate of Practice to the newly appointed Notaries is live. The modules related to submission of Annual returns by Notaries and applications for change of area of practice are in final stages of development. More than thirty-five thousand seven-hundred digitally signed Certificates of Practice have been issued through the Portal. The portal is linked with Digi-Locker for real-time document access.

12). Central Agency Section:

Central Agency Section (CAS) conducts litigation before Hon’ble Supreme Court of India on behalf of all Ministries/ Departments of the Central Government and also on behalf of National Capital Territory of Delhi, Union Territories (excluding Pondicherry and J&K), the office of the Comptroller & Auditor General of India and all field offices under CAG. Special Leave Petitions/Appeals & other petitions in certain matters on behalf of Union of India are filed after obtaining opinion of Ld. Law Officers on the feasibility of filing Special Leave Petitions/Appeals in the Supreme Court through Central Agency Section.

During the year 2025, Central Agency Section (CAS) filed 8685 new cases in the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India whereas total number of 2586 cases have been disposed of in the current year.

Ministry of Home Affairs: Year End Review 2025

2026-01-04T18:39:00.002+05:30

The year 2025 was a watershed year for the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) as many landmark achievement were made towards fulfilling Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s vision of Safe, Secure, and Viksit Bharat. Under the guidance of Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah, the MHA focused on strengthening internal security and country's efforts to deal with serious threats like terrorism, extremism, organized crime and cyber-attacks.

The key highlights of the ministry included the near-elimination of Left-Wing Extremism (LWE), effective counter-terrorism strategies, significant progress in implementing New Criminal Laws, enhanced cyber security, ruthless approach and zero tolerance against drugs and preparations for the transformative Census 2027. These initiatives, bolstered by technology, community engagement, and inter-agency collaboration, led to reduced violence, higher conviction rates, and empowerment of marginalized groups, embodying the principles of Nyay (Justice), Suraksha (Security), and Samriddhi.

Left-Wing Extremism (LWE): Naxalmukt Bharat Abhiyan Achieves Milestone

Under the vision of the Modi government to build a Naxalism-free India, the Ministry of Home Affairs has upped the ante to completely eradicate the menace of left-wing extremism by March 31, 2026. The year 2025 witnessed unprecedented successes due to a multi-pronged strategy encompassing ruthless security operations, extensive developmental initiatives, rehabilitation policies, and enhanced inter-agency coordination, significantly dismantling the Maoist network and restoring peace in affected areas.

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah chaired a security review meeting in Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Before 31 March, Naxalism will become history in the entire country including Chhattisgarh.
(5th April, 2025- https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2119424&reg=3&lang=2)
Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah chaired an Inter-State Security Coordination meeting with DGPs/ADGPs and senior officers from Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, and Odisha on Naxalism.
Home Minister confidently reiterates that the country will be free from Naxalism by March 31, 2026.

(22nd June 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2138742&reg=3&lang=1)

Achieving a historic success in the resolve of a ‘Naxal-free India’, security forces kill 31 Naxalites in the biggest-ever operation against Naxalism at Karreguttalu Hill (KGH) on Chhattisgarh-Telangana border.
- Karreguttalu Hills, which was once ruled by red terror, now proudly hoists the tricolour: Union Home Minister.
- Our security forces completed this biggest-ever anti-Naxal operation in just 21 days and there were no casualties of security forces in the operation.
  (14th May, 2025- https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2128736&reg=3&lang=1)

In a landmark achievement, security forces neutralized 27 dreaded Maoists in Narayanpur, including CPI-Maoist General Secretary Nambala Keshav Rao alias Basavaraju – the movement's backbone and the first such high-ranking elimination in three decades. Following Operation Black Forest, 54 arrests and 84 surrenders occurred across multiple states.

(21st May, 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2130295&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah met security personnel injured during anti-naxal operation in Karegutta Hills across Chhattisgarh and Telangana border, at AIIMS Delhi.

(15th May, 2025 -https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2128919&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah met and felicitated the CRPF, Chhattisgarh Police, DRG and Cobra jawans who successfully carried out 'Operation Black Forest' on Karreguttalu hill.

(3rd Sept 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2163233&reg=3&lang=2)

Security agencies neutralised 16 Naxalites and recovered a massive cache of automatic weapons in an operation in Sukma, Chhattisgarh.

(29th March, 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2116756&reg=3&lang=1)

In the anti-Naxal operation, notorious Naxal commander with ₹1 crore bounty, CPI (M)’s CCM Sahdev Soren alias Parvesh has been neutralized. Security forces also eliminated two other bounty Naxals - Raghunath Hembram alias Chanchal and Birsen Ganjhu alias Ramkhelawan. Following this anti-Naxal operation, Naxalism has been completely eradicated from the Bokaro region of northern Jharkhand.

(15th Sep, 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2166820&reg=3&lang=1)

Security forces eliminated two Central Committee Member Naxal leaders - Kadari Satyanarayana Reddy alias Kosa and Katta Ramchandra Reddy - in the Abujhmad region of Narayanpur along the Maharashtra-Chhattisgarh border.

(22nd Sept, 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2169782&reg=3&lang=1)

This year the Modi government achieved new milestones in building a Naxal-free Bharat and brought down the number of most-affected districts to 3, affected districts to 11 from 18 and eliminated and eliminated 312 LWE cadres surpassing all previous records under the guidance of Union Minster of Home Amit Shah.

(15th Oct 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2088945&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah expressed immense happiness over the surrender of 50 Naxalites in Bijapur, Chhattisgarh.

(30th March, 2025 -https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2116853&reg=3&lang=2)

258 Naxalites surrendered in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. including 10 Senior Operatives including Satish alias T. Vasudeo Rao (CCM) who carried an award of Rs. 1 crore on him. Huge numbers of automatic weapons, including AK-47s, INSAS, SLRs, 303 rifles, etc., have been surrendered by them.

(16th Oct 2025 -https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2180005&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah addresses the Bastar Pandum Program in Bastar, Chhattisgarh. The Modi government is working to give international recognition to Bastar Pandum by bringing its traditions, culture, and art to the world. Naxalites cannot stop the development of entire Bastar; Bastar has now become a symbol of the future, not fear. Bastar Pandum Program will be celebrated in 12 categories next year and tribals from all over the country will participate in it.

(5th April 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2119294&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, participates in the Bastar Dussehra festival in Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh. The 75-day-long Bastar Dussehra festival is not only significant for the tribal community, Chhattisgarh, or India but is also the largest cultural festival in the world.

(4th Oct 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2174829&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah addressed the closing ceremony of Bastar Olympics in Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh.
In the next 5 years, Bastar division will become the most developed tribal division in the country. The 2026 Bastar Olympics will be held in a Naxal-free Bastar.

(13th Dec 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2203518&reg=3&lang=1)

Discussion on the working of MHA

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah replies to the discussion on the working of the Ministry of Home Affairs in the Rajya Sabha.

- Terrorism, Naxalism and Insurgency are on the verge of ending under Modi government. The Modi government will neither tolerate terrorism nor terrorists.
- By 31st March 2026, the country will be free from Naxalism.
- New criminal Laws will be fully implemented across the country within the next 3 years.
- The Modi government will never spare those who earn money from the drug trade and use that money for terrorist activities.
- NIA has achieved a 95% conviction rate, which is the highest among anti-terror agencies worldwide.

(21st March 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2113902&reg=3&lang=2)

National Security: Strengthening country's efforts to deal with serious threats like terrorism, extremism, organized crime and cyber attacks

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah inaugurated the new Multi-Agency Centre (MAC) in New Delhi.
- Operation Sindoor, is a unique symbol of firm political will of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi ji, accurate information of intelligence agencies and the infallible strike capability of our armed forces.
- The new MAC will synergise the efforts of all agencies and provide a seamless and integrated platform to deal with the complex and interconnected current National security challenges.
- The new network will strengthen the country's efforts to deal with serious threats like terrorism, extremism, organized crime and cyber attacks.

(16th May 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2129141&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah, inaugurated the BHARATPOL portal developed by CBI.
- Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, with the launch of 'BHARATPOL', India is ushering into a new era in international investigations.
- 'BHARATPOL' network will enable cooperation with 195 countries in combating crimes related with drugs, weapons, human trafficking, and other cross-border offenses.
- 'BHARATPOL' will have access to 19 types of databases from INTERPOL, which will be helpful in analyzing crimes, preventing them, and apprehending criminals.

(7th Jan 2025 - -https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2090877&reg=3&lang=1)

Modi government is making arrangements to bring every fugitive involved in economic, cyber, terrorist incidents, or organized crime before the law with a ruthless approach. The issue of fugitive criminals is connected not only with the nation’s sovereignty, economic stability, and law and order, but also with the country’s security.

(16th Oct 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2179886&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, addressed 8th National Security Strategies Conference in New Delhi.
- Prime Minister Modi, demonstrating strong political will, has once again not only reaffirmed the policy of zero tolerance against terrorism but also presented it before the world in a remarkable manner through Operation Sindoor.
- This conference is significant in enabling senior officers to guide young officers, familiarize them with challenges, and show them the path to finding solutions.

(26th July 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2148988&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, inaugurated three-day 60th DGsP/IGsP Conference in Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
- Under the leadership of Prime Minister Modi, the DGsP/IGsP Conference has emerged as a forum that provides solutions for country’s internal security—covering everything from problem-solving and challenges to strategies and policy formulation.

(28th Nov 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2196128&reg=3&lang=1)

In the Modus Operandi Bureau, the BPR&D, NCRB, prison officials, and forensic experts should analyse the modus operandi of crimes: Union Home Minister
- BPR&D should conduct research to identify the challenges faced in policing at the grassroots level and work towards finding solutions for them.

(9th Jan 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2091547&reg=3&lang=1)

Strengthened Counter-Terrorism Measures

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah participated in the special discussion in the Lok Sabha on India’s strong, successful, and decisive response to the Pahalgam terrorist attack through ‘Operation Sindoor’.
- Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, through ‘Operation Sindoor,’ eliminated the terror camps and masters of terrorists and, in ‘Operation Mahadev,’ wiped out the terrorists involved in the Pahalgam attack.
- In the joint 'Operation Mahadev' by the Army, CRPF, and J&K Police, all three terrorists involved in the Pahalgam attack—Suleman alias Faizal Jatt, Hamza Afghani, and Zibran—were killed.
- Operation Sindoor exposed Pakistan to the whole world and our army shattered Pakistan’s war capabilities.

(29th July 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2149811&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah participates in a special discussion in Rajya Sabha today on Operation Sindoor - India's strong, successful and decisive response to the Pahalgam terror attack.
- Union Home Minister congratulates the Army and all the security forces who increased India's honour through Operation Sindoor and Operation Mahadev.
- Today, under the Modi government, our army is equipped with modern weapons which can reduce Pakistan's entire air defense system into rubble in half an hour.
- Through Operation Sindoor, for the first time we attacked at the core of terrorism.

(30th July 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2150501&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister said Bharat will not bend to terror and the culprits of dastardly terror attack in Pahalgam will not be spared.

(https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2123972&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah Chaired High Level Security Review Meetings on Delhi Blast.

(https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2188930&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah chaired high-level security meetings to review security scenario in Jammu and Kashmir.
- Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, the Government of India is committed to establishing lasting peace in Jammu and Kashmir and completely eradicating terrorism.
- Due to sustained and coordinated efforts of the Modi Government, the entire terror eco-system nurtured by elements against our country in Jammu and Kashmir has been crippled.

(https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2120184&reg=3&lang=2) (https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2101932&reg=3&lang=2)

(https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2176884&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah inaugurated ‘Anti-Terrorism Conference-2025’ in New Delhi.

Under the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi's vision of zero-tolerance against terrorism, this annual conference has become a platform to deal with emerging threats.

All agencies should analyze every terrorist incident that has occurred in the country and the world to further enhance our counter-terrorism capabilities.

https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2208950&reg=3&lang=1

Due to the use of technology in terrorist incidents, the landscape of terrorism is also changing; we must stay two steps ahead of it

Post-2019, amendments to the UAPA Act, NIA Act, PMLA, measures against terror funding, the ban on PFI, and the establishment of MAC, CCTNS, and NATGRID have delivered strong blows to terrorism.

(https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=2178986&reg=3&lang=2)

Jammu-Kashmir and Ladakh: Towards Lasting Integration, Peace and Prosperity

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah said that Kashmir was, Kashmir is, and Kashmir will always be an integral part of India.
Releasing the book 'Jammu Kashmir & Ladakh Through The Ages: A Visual Narrative of Continuities and Linkages' in New Delhi, Shri Amit Shah emphasized the Modi government's commitment to reviving Kashmir's historic and cultural heritage.

(2nd Jan 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2089702&reg=3&lang=2)

In initiatives fostering emotional integration, Union Home Minister, Shri Amit Shah interacted with 250 children from J&K under the ‘Watan Ko Jano’ programme, aimed at familiarizing youth with India's cultural diversity.
- PM Modi united the entire country by abolishing Article 370, now the children of Kashmir have as much right over the country as the children of any other state.

(24th Feb 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2105908&reg=3&lang=2)

Under the Modi government, separatism is breathing its last, and the triumph of unity is echoing across Kashmir. Two organizations associated with the Hurriyat announced the severing of all ties with separatism.

(25th March 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2114925&reg=3&lang=1)

Two more groups affiliated with the Hurriyat to discard separatism and repose their trust in the new Bharat built by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi.

(27th March 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2115712&reg=3&lang=1)

Under the Modi government the spirit of unity rules J&K. Till now as many as 12 Hurriyat-linked organizations have broken off from secessionism, resting trust in the Constitution of India. This is a victory of PM Shri Narendra Modi ji’s vision for Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat.

(11th April 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2120953&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah distributed appointment letters for government jobs to the families affected by the cross-border attack in Poonch, Jammu and Kashmir.
- Modi government stands like a rock with the people of Jammu and Kashmir in these challenging times.
- The spirit of patriotism shown by the citizens of Jammu and Kashmir after the Pahalgam terrorist attack has strengthened the resolve of the entire nation.

(30th May 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2132757&reg=3&lang=2)

Cyber Security & Forensic Science: Making Cyber Secure Bharat

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah chaired Parliamentary Consultative Committee for Ministry of Home Affairs on 'Cyber Security and Cyber Crime' meeting in New Delhi.
- Under the leadership of Modi Ji, the country is witnessing a 'digital revolution'.
- Modi government is moving forward with a four-pronged strategy to tackle cybercrimes: Convergence, Coordination, Communication, and Capacity.
- To prevent cybercrime, Home Minister stressed on raising awareness on Modi Ji's mantra of 'Stop-Think-Take Action'.

(11th Feb 2025 – https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2101613&reg=3&lang=2)

Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) introduced the new e-Zero FIR initiative to nab any criminal with unprecedented speed.
- This is a significant step to achieve Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s vision of a 'Cyber Secure Bharat'.
- Launched as a pilot project for Delhi, the new system will automatically convert cyber financial crimes filed at NCRP or 1930 to FIRs, initially above the threshold limit of ₹10 lakh.

(19th May, 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2129715&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah addresses the All India Forensic Science Summit 2025 organised by NFSU in New Delhi.
- PM Modi’s vision changed the entire landscape of the country's criminal justice system.
- The use of forensic science is imperative to stop borderless crimes: Home Minister.
- It is important to make forensic science a part of the criminal justice system so that no injustice is done to both the accused and the complainant.

(14th April 2025- https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2121618&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, laid foundation stone of the NFSU and CFSL campus in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, and virtually inaugurates temporary campus of NFSU Raipur.
- The establishment of NFSU and CFSL in New Raipur will strengthen the criminal justice system not only in Chhattisgarh but across the entire central India.
- With the help of forensic science, India will soon rank among the leading countries in the world in terms of conviction rate.

(22nd June 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2138746&reg=3&lang=1)

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, the Government of India is building a secure, transparent, and evidence-based criminal justice system with a clear vision.
- Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, inaugurated new building of Central Forensic Science Laboratory (CFSL), Kolkata, in West Bengal.
- Through FSL Kolkata, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, Assam, Sikkim, and the entire Northeast will get help in developing an evidence-based criminal justice system.

(1st June 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2133128&reg=3&lang=1)

New Criminal Laws: Beginning of a new era of Victim-Centric Justice

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah addressed the programme “A Golden Year of Trust in the Justice System” held in New Delhi to mark the successful completion of one year of the New Criminal Laws.
- The three New Criminal Laws introduced under the leadership of Prime Minister Modi will make the judicial process not only affordable, accessible, and approachable, but also simple, consistent, and transparent.
- There can be no greater reform than making the justice system - which protects the rights of the people - transparent, citizen-centric, and time-bound.
- The new laws will shift the mindset from 'What will happen if I file an FIR' to a strong belief that 'Filing an FIR will lead to prompt justice'.
- To ensure timely justice, we have bound the police, prosecution, and judiciary to strict timelines.

(1st July 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2141356&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah held extensive review meetings with the Chief Ministers and Lieutenant Governors of various States and UTs to ensure effective ground-level implementation of New Criminal Laws.

Gujarat – 30th Jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2097618&reg=3&lang=1

Madhya Pradesh – 17th Jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2093833&reg=3&lang=1

Uttar Pradesh – 7th Jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2091007&reg=3&lang=1

J&K – 18th Feb 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2104424&reg=3&lang=1

Maharashtra – 14th Feb 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2103244&reg=3&lang=1

North-Eastern states – 16th March https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2111668&reg=3&lang=1

Goa – 3rd March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2107850&reg=3&lang=1

Chhattisgarh 21st April 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2123280&reg=3&lang=1

Andhra Pradesh – 23rd May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2130820&reg=3&lang=1

Puducherry 13th May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2128449&reg=3&lang=1

New Delhi – 5th May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2127124&reg=3&lang=1

Combating Narcotics: Ruthless and Whole-of-Government approach to dismantle narco-terror ecosystems

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, chairs a regional conference on ‘Drug Trafficking and National Security’ in New Delhi
- All states should take legal action on illegal clandestine labs with ruthless approach. We are determined to destroy the entire ecosystem of narco terror.
- Ruthless and whole-of-government approach to dismantle narco-terror ecosystems and drug cartels.
- Modi government has moved forward with a ruthless approach against the drug supply chain, a strategic approach in demand reduction, and a human approach towards the victims.

(11th Jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2092097&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, addressed the inaugural session of the second National Conference of the Heads of Anti-Narcotics Task Force (ANTF) of states and Union Territories in New Delhi.
- The Modi government is taking ruthless action not only against small drug dealers but also against big drug cartels.
- Severe blows are being dealt to the kingpins—from the entry points, distribution networks and to the local sale of drugs in the country. Those from abroad, who trade drugs will be punished by the law through extradition and deportation arrangements.
- Union Home Minister launched NCB’s drug disposal campaign and destroyed 1.37 lakh kilograms of drugs worth ₹4,800 crore at 11 locations.

(16th Sept 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2167289&reg=3&lang=2)

In the ceaseless pursuit of building a drug-free Bharat, a monumental feat was achieved by seizing 300 kg of narcotics worth ₹1800 crore near the international maritime border.

(14th April 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2121541&reg=3&lang=1)

Amritsar Zonal Unit of the NCB axed a drug diversion cartel through a 4-month-long operation across 4 states, seizing drugs worth ₹547 crore and arresting 15. It is a giant stride towards building a drug-free Bharat under the vision of PM Shri Narendra Modi Ji, Congratulations to Team NCB.

(2nd May 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2126353&reg=3&lang=1)

NCB Mumbai seizes 11.54 Kg of high-quality cocaine and 4.9 kg of hydroponic Ganja.

(7th Feb 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2100736&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah congratulated NCB and all agencies on busting a global drug cartel. The probe set a stellar example of multi-agency coordination, resulting in 8 arrests and seizures of 5 consignments while triggering crackdowns in the US and Australia against the ring that operates across 4 continents and 10+ nations.

(2nd July 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2141583&reg=3&lang=1)

Fiercely pursuing the top-to-bottom and bottom-to-top approach to the investigation of drugs, a breakthrough was achieved by seizing 328 kg of methamphetamine worth ₹262 crore in New Delhi and arresting two.
- This is one of the biggest catches of Methamphetamine in Delhi.
- Operation “Crystal Fortress” underscores NCB’s unwavering focus on dismantling synthetic drug cartels and their trans-national networks.

(23rd Nov 2025 - https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2193199&reg=3&lang=1)

Modi government is unsparing in punishing drug traffickers who drag our youth into the dark abyss of addiction for the greed of money. As a result of a foolproof investigation with a bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom strategy, 29 drug traffickers have been convicted by the court in 12 different cases across India.

(2nd March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2107483&reg=3&lang=1)

Border Management & Foreigners: Strengthening Security and Development

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, replied to the discussion on the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025 in the Lok Sabha.
- Modi government has framed the immigration policy with compassion, sensitivity, and awareness of threats to the nation.
- It is essential for national security to know who enters the country, when, for how long, and for what purpose.
- India is not a Dharamshala where anyone can come and settle for any reason, the Parliament has the authority to stop those who pose a threat to national security.
- Now, there will be a complete, systematic, integrated, and up-to-date record of every foreign national coming to India.
- The new immigration law will be Transparent, Tech-driven, Time-bound, and Trustworthy.

(27th March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2115972&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, launched new Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) Portal in New Delhi.
- Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, India is continuously striving to provide world-class immigration facilities to its OCI cardholder citizens.
- New portal will provide enhanced functionality, improved security, and a user-friendly experience for the existing over 5 million OCI cardholders and new users.

(19th May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2129691&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, inaugurated Fast Track Immigration - Trusted Traveller Programme (FTI-TTP) at Lucknow, Thiruvananthapuram, Trichy, Kozhikode, and Amritsar airports virtually.

(11th Sept 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2165617&reg=3&lang=1 )

Union Home Minister, Shri Amit Shah, chaired a security review meeting with the Chief Ministers and Lieutenant Governors of border states adjoining Pakistan and Nepal.
- Operation Sindoor, Bharat’s befitting reply to those who dare to challenge its borders, military, and citizens.
- The unity displayed by the nation at this time has boosted the morale of the countrymen.

(7th May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2127583&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, interacted with distinguished guests from villages under the ‘Vibrant Village Programme’ (VVP) in New Delhi, visiting the capital for the 76thRepublic Day celebrations.
- Vibrant Village Programme is enhancing not just physical and digital connectivity but also emotional connect.
- VVP will ensure that the infrastructure, culture, tourism, lifestyle, and economic development of border villages become as vibrant as those in the rest of the country.

(25th Jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2096173&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah addressed the two-day Vibrant Villages Programme (VVP) workshop in New Delhi as the Chief Guest.
- Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi ji has said from Red Fort that change in demography is our concern, District Collectors of border villages should also consider it their responsibility.
- VVP is boosting employment by promoting infrastructure, preservation and promotion of culture and tourism in border villages

(26th Aug 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2160827&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah hail Union Cabinet’s decision to approve Vibrant Villages Program-2.
- Vibrant Villages Program has been a game-changing medium to transform our border villages into the nerve centers of growth and development.
- Advancing the vision further, the Modi government has approved the Vibrant Villages Program-2 with a total outlay of ₹6,839 crore.

(4th April 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2118980&reg=3&lang=2)

Disaster Management: Building Proactive Resilience

Modi government is managing disasters by adopting a proactive approach instead of a reactive one and by aiming for zero casualties instead of minimising casualties.

Replying to the discussion on the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024 in the Rajya Sabha, Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah said, under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, India became a global leader in disaster management.

- The bill will further increase the capacity, intensity, efficiency and accuracy in disaster response.
- Under Modi ji's leadership, India became a global leader in disaster management.

(25th March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2115092&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah chaired the Parliamentary Consultative Committee for the Ministry of Home Affairs on 'Disaster Management and Capacity Building' meeting in New Delhi.
- Modi government's disaster response policy is based on four pillars of Capacity building, Speed, Efficiency and Accuracy.

(19th Aug 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2158183&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah addresses the Annual Conference of Relief Commissioners and Disaster Response Forces of States and Union Territories as the Chief Guest in New Delhi.
- Whenever the history of India’s disaster response is written, these 10 years of the Modi government will be recorded as a transformative decade: Union Home Minister.
- In pursuing the goal of 'Minimum Casualty,' Modi government has achieved the target of 'Zero Casualty' in its 10 years, which has amazed the entire world.

(16th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2136650&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah inspected the rain, flood, and landslide-affected areas of the Jammu division to take stock of the damages caused by the natural disaster. Modi government stands firmly with the people of Jammu and Kashmir and is providing immediate relief, financial assistance, and technical support to facilitate safety, rehabilitation, and reconstruction.

(1st Sept 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2162745&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, attends the 20th Raising Day ceremony of NDRF as the Chief Guest in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh.
- PM Modi brought revolutionary changes in the field of disaster management in all three aspects - Approach, Methodology and Objective.
- India has emerged as a global leader in the field of disaster management.
- NDRF, NDMA and NIDM are working in complete coordination to achieve the Modi government's goal of zero casualty.

(19th Jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2094319&reg=3&lang=2)

High-Level Committee (HLC), under the chairmanship of Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah, approved a number of mitigation, recovery & reconstruction projects for 9 states having total outlay of Rs. 4645.60 crore.
- HLC has approved the restoration and rejuvenation of wetlands plan of Rs.692.05 crore to the State of Assam.
- Committee has also approved the Urban Flood Risk Management Programme (UFRMP) Phase-2 for 11 cities viz. Bhopal, Bhubhaneshwar, Guwahati, Jaipur, Kanpur, Patna, Raipur, Trivandrum, Vishakhapatnam, Indore and Lucknow with a total financial outlay of Rs.2444.42 crore.

(1st Oct 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2173811&reg=3&lang=2)

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, Government of India is standing shoulder to shoulder with State Governments during natural calamities/disasters.
- During financial year 2025-26, Central Government has released Rs.15,554 crore to 27 States under SDRF and Rs.2,267.44 crore to 15 States under NDRF.
- During this year’s monsoon, there was maximum deployment of 199 teams of NDRF in 30 States/UTs for rescue and relief operations.

(28th Oct 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2183346&reg=3&lang=2)

A High-Level Committee under the Chairmanship of Union Home Minister, Shri Amit Shah approved Rs. 2006.40 crore Central assistance to Himachal Pradesh, for Recovery & Reconstruction plan in the aftermath of flood, landslides, cloudburst incident of 2023.

(18th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2137081&reg=3&lang=1)

Northeast: Act East Momentum for Inclusive Growth

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, attends 'Unity Utsav - One Voice, One Nation' festival organized by Assam Rifles in New Delhi as the chief guest.
- Modi government has opened numerous avenues for North East in every field, from tourism to technology, sports to space, agriculture to entrepreneurship and banking to business.
- Reduction of 70% in violent incidents and 85% in civilian causalities in the North East under the Modi government indicates that along with the establishment of peace in the region, cultural development is also taking place.
- Whole of India takes pride in the heritage of North East, India without North East and North East without India is incomplete.

(20th Feb 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2105090&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah addressed 57th annual conference of All Bodo Students' Union (ABSU) as the Chief Guest in Kokrajhar, Assam.
- In the past, there were discussions about unrest, chaos, and separatism in Bodoland, now, the focus is on education, development, and industry.
- In the past, where bullets once flew in the Bodoland region, today, Bodo youths are waving the tricolor.

(16th March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2111636&reg=3&lang=2)

In the presence of Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, the transfer of Assam Rifles Battalion land to the Government of Mizoram and the formal exchange of maps took place in Aizawl, Mizoram.
- Due to an important decision of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, a three decade-old demand of the people of Mizoram is being fulfilled.
- This decision stands as a testament to Modi government's responsibility towards the people of Mizoram and its commitment to the state's progress

(15th March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2111509&reg=3&lang=2)

The Government of India, under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, remains fully committed to restoring lasting peace in Manipur and providing all necessary assistance in this regard. Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, chaired high-level review meeting on the security situation of Manipur in New Delhi.

(1st March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2107226&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, moved the statutory resolution in the Lok Sabha seeking approval of imposition of President's Rule in Manipur.

Home Minister appealed to all members, urging them not to politicize the issue, as the government is making every possible effort to restore peace in Manipur.

(3rd April 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2118264&reg=3&lang=1)

Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs): Modernization and Honouring Valour

Under the guidance of Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah, MHA has taken a significant decision to confer an honorary rank—one rank higher—on personnel below officer rank in the CAPFs and Assam Rifles on the day of their retirement.
The historic decision, taken under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, aims to boost the self-respect, pride, and morale of personnel retiring from the rank of Constable to Sub-Inspector.

(29th May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2132429&reg=3&lang=1)

Under Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi's leadership, CAPFs received enhanced welfare, recognition, and technological support.
CRPF has established more than 400 Forward Operating Bases in Naxalism-affected areas in the last 5 years, due to which Naxal violence has reduced by more than 70% in 10 years.

(17th April 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2122404&reg=3&lang=2)

CISF has not only secured country's development, progress, and movement but also played a crucial role in their smooth operation.
It is a matter of pride to name the CISF Regional Training Center in Thakkolam, Tamil Nadu after the great warrior of the Chola dynasty, Rajaditya Chola.

(7th March 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2109087&reg=3&lang=2)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah addressed Border Security Force (BSF) personnel in Poonch, Jammu and Kashmir.
During 'Operation Sindoor,' BSF destroyed over 118 Pakistani posts and completely dismantled their entire surveillance system.
The nation expresses immense gratitude to the vigilant and dedicated BSF personnel who remain vigilant 24x7 on challenging borders.

(30th May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2132761&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah addressed the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of the Border Security Force (BSF) in Bhuj, Gujarat.
As long as the BSF stands guard, the enemy cannot even cast an eye on a single inch of India’s land.
On water, land, and sky — across all three domains, the BSF has had only one goal: the security of India.

(21st Nov 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2192508&reg=3&lang=1)

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi is the Central Government fully committed to the welfare of the security forces and their families.
Modi Government is working to reduce the difficulties faced by the soldiers in discharging their duties.
More than 26 technology-related initiatives are currently being tested, which include anti-drone technology, tunnel identification technology and electronic surveillance.

(7th April 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2119839&reg=3&lang=2)

Census 2027 & Caste census: Commitment to social justice

Population Census-2027 to be conducted in two phases along with enumeration of castes.
- The reference date for Population Census - 2027 will be 00:00 hours of the first day of March, 2027.
- For the Union Territory of Ladakh and the non-synchronous snow-bound areas of the UT of Jammu and Kashmir and States of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, the reference date will be 00.00 hours of the first day of October, 2026.

(4th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2133845&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah hail the decision of the CCPA led by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi to include caste census in the upcoming census as a historic decision of the Modi Government under its commitment to social justice
- Modi government’s decision will empower all economically and socially backward classes and promote inclusion.
- This decision gives a message of strong commitment towards social equality and the rights of every section.

(30th Arpil 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2125576&reg=3&lang=1)

Official Language: Promoting Linguistic Diversity and Unity

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, addressed 'Golden Jubilee Celebration' of the Department of Official Language in New Delhi as the Chief Guest.
- On the basis of struggle, devotion and resolve, the Department of Official Language has covered the journey of 50 years.
- Under Modi government Indian languages are getting an unprecedented boost in the field of technology, education and administration.

(26th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2139919&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah launched Bharatiya Bhasha Anubhag (Indian Languages Section) in New Delhi.
- With the establishment of the Bharatiya Bhasha Anubhag (Indian Languages Section), the Department of Official Language has now become a complete department.
- Bharatiya Bhasha Anubhag will provide a strong and organized platform to all languages, incorporating the linguistic diversity of India.

(6th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2134580&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah attends the Fifth Akhil Bhartiya Rajbhasha Sammelan held in Gandhinagar (Gujarat) as the Chief Guest on the occasion of Hindi Diwas 2025.
- Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi lays special emphasis on preservation, promotion, and development of all Indian languages, including Hindi as the official language.
- There is no competition between Hindi and other Indian languages; they complement each other.
- Hindi should not be only the language of conversation and administration, but also the language of science, technology, judiciary, and policing.

(14th Sept 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2166537&reg=3&lang=1)

Zonal Councils: Engine of cooperation to strengthen Cooperative Federalism

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, chaired 27th meeting of the Western Zonal Council in Pune, Maharashtra.
In the Modi government, Zonal Councils have been established as a strategic decision-making platform, surpassing their traditional role as formal institutions.

(22nd Feb 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2105532&reg=3&lang=1)

Central Zonal Council is the only regional council where no issue or dispute exist between member states, which is a significant achievement. Compared to 2004-14, approximately 83% of the issues discussed in regional council meetings between 2014-25 have been resolved, which is encouraging.

(24th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2139316&reg=3&lang=1)

The entire Eastern India has been a land of devotion, knowledge, music, scientific research and revolution, Eastern India has contributed a lot in establishing the basic principles of education. In the Modi government, zonal councils have now become an engine of cooperation instead of a forum of discussion.

(10th July 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2143826&reg=3&lang=1)

Zonal Councils play a very important role in translating Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi ji’s vision of ‘Strong states alone create a strong nation’ into reality. Our goal is Regional Strength along with National Progress and India's Global Leadership in every field.

(17th Nov 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2190941&reg=3&lang=1)

Other Important meetings/initiatives

Union Home and Cooperation Minister, Shri Amit Shah introduced the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025, the Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2025, and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2025 in the Lok Sabha.
- The Constitutional Amendment Bill was introduced in response to the Modi government's commitment against political corruption in the country and the public's outrage.
- Individuals holding important constitutional positions, such as the Prime Minister, Chief Ministers, and Ministers of the Central and State Governments, will not be able to run the government while in jail.
- The purpose of this bill is to elevate the declining standards of morality in public life and bring integrity to politics

(20th Aug 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2158593&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, chaired 7th meeting of the Island Development Agency (IDA) in New Delhi.
- Under the 'PM Surya Ghar' scheme, 100 percent solar energy panels should be installed in all the houses in Andaman-Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep.
- Even though these islands are far from Delhi, they are close to our hearts, development of infrastructure and increasing tourism facilities here is the priority of the government.

(3rd jan 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2089935&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah chaired a high-level meeting with newly-elected Chief Minister of Delhi, Smt. Rekha Gupta, Home Minister, Shri Ashish Sood, Commissioner of Police, Delhi and senior officials on Law and Order and coordination.
- Double engine government of Delhi will work with double speed for a developed and safe Delhi, as per the expectations of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi.
- Strict action should be taken against the entire network that helps Bangladeshi and Rohingya intruders enter the country, get their documents made and facilitate their stay here.
- The issue of illegal intruders is also related to national security and it should be dealt with strictly and they should be identified and deported.

(28th Feb 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2107051&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah, held a meeting on the cleaning of Yamuna, drinking water, and sewage system in Delhi, directs to work with a holistic approach.
- The Yamuna is not just a river, but also a symbol of faith for us, which is why its cleanliness is a priority for the Modi government.
- Ministry of Jal Shakti should create an SOP for all Sewage Treatment Plants that establishes standards for their quality, maintenance, and discharge; SOP should also be shared with all other states.
- Any plan we make regarding Yamuna, drinking water, and drainage in Delhi should be made with the next 20 years in mind.

(22nd May 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2130581&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah initiated special discussion in Rajya Sabha on the 150th anniversary of national song 'Vande Mataram'.
- Through the discussion on ‘Vande Mataram’, future generations will understand its significance, and it will also become a foundation for the nation’s reconstruction.
- Vande Mataram became the slogan of independence during the freedom movement, and now it will also become the inspiring mantra for building a developed and great India.
- Vande Mataram was a medium of dedication to the nation during the freedom movement, it is so even today, and it will continue to be so in the building of a developed India by 2047.

(9th Dec 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2201051&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah participated in discussion on electoral reforms in Lok Sabha.
Removing names in case of death or if someone is registered as a voter in two places, adding names when someone turns 18 years old, and selectively deleting infiltrators — that is what SIR is.
To prevent infiltrators from electing Chief Ministers and Prime Ministers and thereby making the country insecure, purification of the voter list is essential—and that process is called SIR.

(10th Dec 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2201968&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah expressed happiness on Bharat being designated as the host country for prestigious 2029 World Police and Fire Games, terming it as a moment of great pride for every citizen.
Bharat winning the prestigious bid to host the event is a global recognition of our sprawling sports infrastructure built under the leadership of PM Shri Narendra Modi.

(27th June 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2140184&reg=3&lang=1)

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah addressed a press conference in Patna, Bihar on celebration of the 150th birth anniversary year of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
- Sardar Patel, the organizational backbone of the freedom movement, is not just an individual for our country, but an ideology.
- Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi will take the salute of the grand parade to be held in Ekta Nagar on October 31
- This parade, which brings to life the concept of ‘Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat’, will be organized every year on October 31.

(30th Oct 2025 https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2184144&reg=3&lang=1)

MINISTRY OF DEFENCE; YEAR END REVIEW - 2025

2026-01-04T18:38:00.002+05:30

2025 will go down in history as a memorable year for the Ministry of Defence, as the ‘Year of Reforms’ not only witnessed the nation making unprecedented strides to achieve the goal of Aatmanirbharta in defence, it also saw the unmatched valour, commitment and precision of the Armed Forces during Operation Sindoor powered by the country’s transitional shift in its policy against terrorism. From successfully destroying terror camps in Pakistan & PoK and safeguarding the borders from the neighbouring country’s misdeeds that followed, the nation, under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi and the guidance of Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, sent a clear message to its adversaries that the sovereignty, unity & integrity of Bharat will never be compromised. The effective use of state-of-the-art Made-in-India weapons during the operation is testimony to the progress the country has made to attain self-reliance, which, in today’s geopolitical landscape, is fundamental to ensuring strategic autonomy. From Operation Sindoor to Mission Sudarshan Charka vision of PM Modi, from record defence production and exports to equipping the soldiers with latest weapons/technologies and finalising deals for the future, 2025 gave a glimpse of a secure, self-reliant and prosperous India.

Operation Sindoor

The operation was launched on the intervening night of May 06 & 07, 2025, in response to a heinous terrorist attack in Pahalgam, J&K, that claimed the lives of 26 innocent people, including a Nepali citizen, on April 22, 2025. The well-coordinated strikes carried out by the Indian Armed Forces precisely hit nine terrorist camps in Pakistan and PoK, killing over 100 terrorists, their trainers, handlers, and associates. Most of the terrorists belonged to organisations like Jaish-e-Mohammed, Lashkar-e-Taiba, and Hizbul Mujahideen. The operation inflicted maximum damage on the terrorists and their hideouts, and minimum harm to the civilian population. In his address in Parliament on July 28 & 29, 2025, Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh stated that the action was completely in self-defence, and was neither provocative nor expansionist.

On May 10, 2025 at approx. 1:30 am, Pakistan launched a massive attack on Indian Air Force bases, Army ammunition depots, airports, and military cantonments using missiles, drones, rockets, and other long-range weapons, along with electronic warfare technologies. The Indian Air Defence System, Counter-Drone system, and electronic equipment completely thwarted the attack by Pakistan. The adversary failed to hit any targets, and none of the vital assets were damaged. India’s response to this Pakistani attack was bold, decisive, and effective. The Indian Air Force targeted Pakistani airbases, command and control centers, military infrastructure, and air defence systems on the Western Front. Major airbases like Chaklala, Sargodha, Rafiqui, Rahimyar Khan, Jacobabad, Sukkur, and Bholari were struck, and the mission was successfully accomplished. On May 10, Pakistan’s DGMO contacted India’s DGMO and appealed for a halt to military operations. On May 12, formal talks took place between the two DGMOs, and both sides decided to cease military operations.

Operation Sindoor marked a milestone in India’s journey towards technological self-reliance in military operations - whether in drone warfare, layered air defence, or electronic warfare. It was also a shining example of Tri-service coordination. While the Indian Air Force launched attacks from the air, the Army soldiers stood firmly on the Line of Control and delivered a befitting reply to every Pakistani action. The Indian Navy maintained its strong posture in the North Arabian Sea, sending a clear message to Pakistan that India is capable and prepared to strike at every vital Pakistani base, from sea to land, Raksha Mantri had said. He told the Parliament that Operation Sindoor has only been halted, and not ended. “If Pakistan again tries to carry out any nefarious act, we are fully prepared for an even more intense and decisive action,” he said.

Mission Sudarshan Chakra

In his address to the nation from the ramparts of Red Fort on Independence Day 2025, PM Modi described Operation Sindoor as a demonstration of the country’s defence self-reliance and strategic autonomy. Using Made-in-India weapons, the operation dismantled terror networks and Pakistan-based infrastructure, signaling a new era where India will no longer accept nuclear blackmail or threats on foreign terms, he had added.

While the Prime Minister urged Indian innovators and youth to develop jet engines within India, ensuring that future defence technology is entirely home-grown and self-reliant, he announced the launching of Mission Sudarshan Chakra aimed at neutralising enemy defence infiltrations and enhancing India’s offensive capabilities. Akin to the legendary Shri Krishna’s Sudarshan Chakra, this mission underscores India’s commitment to strategic autonomy, ensuring rapid, precise, and powerful responses to any threat. The initiative is designed to enhance rapid, precise, and powerful defence responses, reinforcing India’s strategic autonomy. All public places will be covered by an expanded nationwide security shield by 2035, ensuring comprehensive protection for the nation while showcasing India’s commitment to self-reliant defence.

Record defence production

The annual defence production soared to a record high figure of Rs 1.51 lakh crore in Financial Year 2024-25. The milestone represents a robust 18% growth over the previous fiscal’s output of Rs 1.27 lakh crore, and a staggering 90% increase since FY 2019-20, when the figure was Rs 79,071 crore. Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs) and other PSUs accounted for approx 77% of total production, while the private sector contributed 23%. The share of the private sector, which increased from 21% in FY 2023-24 to 23% in FY 2024-25, reflects the sector's growing role in the defence ecosystem of the country. A target has been set to increase defence manufacturing to Rs 3 lakh crore by 2029.

All-time high defence exports

Defence exports touched an all-time high figure of Rs 23,622 crore in FY 2024-25. A growth of Rs 2,539 crore or 12.04% was registered over the defence exports figures of FY 2023-24, which were Rs 21,083 crore. The private sector and DPSUs contributed with Rs 15,233 crore and Rs 8,389 crore respectively, whereas the corresponding figures for FY 2023-24 were Rs 15,209 crore and Rs 5,874 crore respectively. The defence exports target for 2029 has been set to Rs 50,000 crore.

Record defence budget

Ministry of Defence has been allocated Rs 6.81 lakh crore in the Union Budget 2025-26, in pursuance of PM Modi-led Government’s vision of Viksit Bharat @ 2047 with a technologically-advanced and Aatmanirbhar Armed Forces. This allocation is 9.53% more than the Budgetary Estimate of FY 2024-25 and stands at 13.45% of the Union Budget, which is the highest among the Ministries. Out of the total defence budget, Rs 1.80 lakh crore have been allocated for Capital Outlay. Approx. Rs 1.12 lakh crore i.e. 75% of modernisation budget has been earmarked for procurement through domestic sources and 25% of domestic share i.e. around Rs 28,000 crore has been provisioned for procurement through domestic private industries.

Review of DAP 2020

Following the declaration of 2025 as the 'Year of Reforms', MoD has initiated a comprehensive review of the Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP) 2020 to align it with existing Government’s policies and initiatives. A Committee headed by the Director General (Acquisition) has been constituted to carry out extensive deliberations with all stakeholders. The aim of the DAP Review is to meet the operational requirements and modernisation of the Armed Forces in a timely manner to ensure national security; attain Aatmanirbharta by promoting technology infusion through indigenously designed and developed systems; Enable ‘Make in India’ by promoting defence manufacturing in India through facilitation of Joint Ventures and Transfer of Technology for the private sector, and encouraging foreign Original Equipment Manufacturers via Foreign Direct Investment alignment. The objective is to establish India as a global defence manufacturing and Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul hub; and promote Design & Development in both public and private sectors, with a focus on start-ups, Innovators, and the private industry.

Defence Procurement Manual 2025

The Defence Procurement Manual 2025 was released by Raksha Mantri on October 23, 2025. Effective from November 01, 2025, the new manual will facilitate the revenue procurement amounting to approx. Rs 1 lakh crore by the three Services and other establishments under the Ministry of Defence. The updated manual simplifies procedures, brings uniformity in functioning and helps in providing goods & services required by the Armed Forces for operational preparedness.

3rd LCA Mk1A Production Line & 2nd HTT-40 Production Line

Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh inaugurated the third Production Line of Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas Mk1A and the second Production Line of Hindustan Turbo Trainer-40 (HTT-40) at the Nashik facility of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) on October 17, 2025. He also flagged-off the first LCA Mk1A produced at the facility. HAL has operationalised the third LCA Mk1A production line in a record time of two years, fully equipping it with more than 30 structure assembly jigs for all major modules of the aircraft, including Centre Fuselage, Front Fuselage, Rear Fuselage, Wings and Air Intake. The line operates fully and can produce eight aircraft per annum. With the inauguration of the line, HAL will achieve a total production capacity of 24 aircraft per year.

HAL established the second HTT-40 production line at Nashik. The assembly complex houses structure assembly shops for manufacturing Fuselages, Wings and Control Surfaces.

AMCA Execution Model

In a significant push towards enhancing India’s indigenous defence capabilities and fostering a robust domestic aerospace industrial ecosystem, Raksha Mantri approved the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) Programme Execution Model. The Execution Model approach provides equal opportunities to both private and public sectors on a competitive basis. They can bid either independently or as joint venture or as consortia. The entity/bidder should be an Indian company compliant with the laws and regulations of the country. This is an important step towards harnessing the indigenous expertise, capability and capacity to develop the AMCA prototype, which will be a major milestone towards Aatmanirbharta in the aerospace sector.

Major DAC approvals

The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), under the chairmanship of Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, approved capital acquisition proposals worth a total of cost of over Rs 3.84 lakh crore since January 2025, to enhance the country’s defence readiness, with focus on modernisation through indigenisation.

On July 03, 2025, DAC accorded Acceptance of Necessity (AoNs) for 10 capital acquisition proposals amounting to approx. Rs 1.05 lakh crore through indigenous sourcing. These were accorded for procurement of Armoured Recovery Vehicles, Electronic Warfare System, Integrated Common Inventory Management System for the Tri-Services and Surface-to-Air Missiles. These procurements will provide higher mobility, effective air defence, better supply chain management and augment the operational preparedness of the Armed Forces. AoNs were also accorded for procurement of Moored Mines, Mine Counter Measure Vessels, Super Rapid Gun Mount and Submersible Autonomous Vessels. These procurements will enable mitigation of potential risks posed to the Naval and Merchant Vessels. To provide further impetus to indigenous design and development, AoNs were accorded under the Buy (Indian-Indigenously Designed Developed and Manufactured) category.
On December 29, 2025, DAC cleared capital acquisition proposals worth about Rs 79,000 crore to enhance the capabilities of the Armed Forces. These include Loiter Munition System for Artillery Regiments, Low Level Light Weight Radars, Long Range Guided Rocket Ammunition for Pinaka Multiple Launch Rocket System & Integrated Drone Detection & Interdiction System Mk-II for Indian Army; Bollard Pull Tugs, High Frequency Software Defined Radios Manpack and for leasing High Altitude Long Range Remotely Piloted Aircraft System for the Indian Navy; and Automatic Take-off Landing Recording System, Astra Mk-II Missiles, Full Mission Simulator and SPICE-1000 Long Range Guidance Kits for the Indian Air Force.
On October 23, 2025, DAC approved various proposals amounting to a total of about Rs 79,000 crore. These include Nag Missile System (Tracked) Mk-II, Ground Based Mobile ELINT System, and High Mobility Vehicles with Material Handling Crane for Indian Army; Landing Platform Docks, 30mm Naval Surface Gun, Advanced Light Weight Torpedoes; Electro Optical Infra-Red Search and Track System, and Smart Ammunition for 76mm Super Rapid Gun Mount for Indian Navy; and Collaborative Long Range Target Saturation/Destruction System and other proposals for the Indian Air Force.
On August 05, 2025, DAC cleared various proposals amounting to a total cost of about Rs 67,000 crore. These include Thermal Imager-based Driver Night Sight for BMP for the Indian Army; Compact Autonomous Surface Craft, BrahMos Fire Control System & Launchers and Upgradation of BARAK-1 Point Defence Missile System of the Indian Navy; Mountain Radars and Upgradation of SAKSHAM/SPYDER Weapon System for the Indian Air Force; Medium Altitude Long Endurance Remotely Piloted Aircraft for the three Services; and sustenance of C-17 and C-130J fleets and comprehensive annual maintenance contract of S-400 Long Range Air Defence Missile System.
On March 20, 2025, DAC gave nod to eight capital acquisition proposals amounting to over Rs 54,000 crore. These include 1350 HP Engine to upgrade the present 1000 HP Engine for the T-90 Tanks of the Indian Army; Varunastra Torpedoes (Combat) for the Indian Navy; Airborne Early Warning & Control (AEW&C) Aircraft Systems for the Indian Air Force; and guidelines for reducing the timelines at various stages of the Capital Acquisition Process to make it faster, more effective & efficient as part of ‘Year of Reforms’.

Major Contracts/Agreements

LCA Mk1A: Ministry of Defence signed a contract with HAL for procurement of 97 Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Mk1A, including 68 fighters and 29 twin seaters, along with associated equipment, for the Indian Air Force, at a cost of over Rs 62,370 crore (excluding taxes), on September 25, 2025. The delivery of these aircraft would commence during 2027-28 and be completed over a period of six years. The aircraft will have an indigenous content of over 64%, with 67 additional items incorporated, over and above the previous LCA Mk1A contract signed in January 2021. The integration of advanced indigenously developed systems such as the UTTAM Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) Radar, Swayam Raksha Kavach, and control surface actuators will further strengthen the Aatmanirbharta initiatives. HAL entered into an agreement with General Electric Company, USA, on November 07, 2025 for the supply of 113 F404-GE-IN20 engines and support package for the execution of 97 LCA Mk1A programme. The engine deliveries would be from 2027 to 2032.
Rafale-M: In April 2025, the Governments of India and France signed an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) for the procurement of 26 Rafale Aircraft (22 Single-Seater and four Twin-Seater) for the Indian Navy. It includes Training, Simulator, Associated Equipment, Weapons and Performance-Based Logistics. It also includes additional equipment for the existing Rafale fleet of the Indian Air Force. In line with the Government's thrust on Aatmanirbhar Bharat, the agreement includes Transfer of Technology for integration of indigenous weapons in India. It also includes setting up of production facility for Rafale Fuselage as well as Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul facilities for aircraft engine, sensors and weapons in India. The delivery of these aircraft would be completed by 2030, with the crew undergoing training in France and India.
LCH Prachand: Ministry of Defence, on March 28, 2025, signed two contracts with HAL for supply of 156 Light Combat Helicopters (LCH) Prachand along with training and other associated equipment worth Rs 62,700 crore, excluding taxes. The first contract is for supply of 66 LCHs to the Indian Air Force and second is for supply of 90 LCHs to the Indian Army. The supply of these helicopters shall commence from the third year and will be spread over the next five years. The contracts will enhance the combat capability of the Armed Forces at high altitudes. This helicopter has a large number of components designed & manufactured in India and it is planned to achieve an overall indigenous content of over 65% during the execution of this procurement. MoD also signed a contract with Metrea Management for Wet Leasing of one Flight Refuelling Aircraft for providing Air to Air refuelling training to pilots of IAF and Indian Navy. Metrea will provide FRA (KC135 Aircraft) within six months which will be the first FRA to be wet leased by IAF. With signing of these three contracts, the total number of contracts signed by MoD during 2024-25 reaches to 193 with overall contract value exceeding Rs 2,09,050 crore, which is the highest ever and nearly double the previous highest figure. Out of these, the contracts to domestic industry are 177 (92%) with contract value Rs 1,68,922 Crore (81%).
Bharat Electronics Limited: The contracts were signed for upgrades in SHAKTI Software; EON-51 (Electro Optical Fire Control systems) for New Generation Offshore Patrol Vessels and Cadet Training Ships for Indian Navy; Software Defined Radios for Indian Coast Guard; and Air Defence Fire Control Radars for the Indian Army.
Bharat Dynamics Limited: A contract was inked for Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missiles for Indian Navy
Armoured Vehicle Nigam Limited: Contracts were signed for Tank-72 Bridge Laying Tanks and Nag Missile System (NAMIS) Tracked version of anti-tank weapon platform for the Indian Army;
Economic Explosive Limited: A contract was inked for Area Denial Munition (ADM) Type-1 (DPICM) for PINAKA Multiple Launch Rocket System of Indian Army.
Munitions India Limited: A contract was signed for High Explosive Pre Fragmented (HEPF) Mk-1 (Enhanced) rockets for PINAKA Multiple Launch Rocket System of Indian Army.
Private sector: The contracts include 155mm/52 Calibre Advanced Towed Artillery Gun Systems (ATAGS) with Bharat Forge Limited; Rough Terrain Fork Lift Trucks with ACE Limited and JCB India Limited for the three Services; 5,000 Light Vehicles for the Armed Forces with Force Motors Ltd & Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd; Joint Venture Cooperation Agreement for production of HAMMER Smart Precision Guided Air-to-Ground Weapon and local manufacturing of two high-precision, combat-proven systems - SIGMA 30N Digital Ring Laser Gyro Inertial Navigation System, used in artillery guns, air defence systems, missiles & radars and CM3-MR Direct Firing Sight, designed for artillery guns and anti-drone systems – with SAFRAN; CQB Carbine with Bharat Forge Ltd and PLR Systems Pvt Ltd and procurement and integration of 48 Heavy Weight Torpedoes with WASS Submarine Systems S.R.L., Italy.

BrahMos Integration & Testing Facility Centre

On May 11, 2025, Raksha Mantri virtually inaugurated the BrahMos Integration and Testing Facility Centre in Lucknow, a key component of the Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial Corridor. Within five months of the inauguration, the first batch of missiles, manufactured at the facility, were flagged-off. The BrahMos facility carries out the complete process of assembly, integration, and testing to the highest technical standards. With the dispatch of its first missile consignment, Uttar Pradesh has emerged as a key partner in the national ‘Make in India, Make for the World’ initiative. The Lucknow unit is the first in the corridor to manage the entire manufacturing and testing process indigenously, reinforcing both strategic autonomy and industrial growth.

DPSU Bhawan

On November 10, 2025, Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh inaugurated the Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSU) Bhawan at World Trade Centre, Naoroji Nagar, New Delhi. Developed by the Department of Defence Production, it serves as a common platform for all 16 DPSUs to foster collaboration, innovation and synergy under the motto ‘संगच्छध्वं संवदध्वं’ (Move together, dialogue together). Equipped with modern conference rooms, simulation facilities and an exhibition area, the Bhawan will help consolidate the strengths of the DPSUs and showcase India’s defence manufacturing capabilities to domestic and international stakeholders. After the inauguration, four DPSUs - Munitions India Limited, Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited, India Optel Limited and Hindustan Shipyard Limited - were felicitated on being granted Miniratna (Category-I) status.

Aero India 2025

The 15th edition of Asia’s biggest aero show - Aero India 2025 - was held at the Air Force Station, Yelahanka in Bengaluru, Karnataka from February 10-14, 2025. This edition continued the theme ‘The Runway to a Billion Opportunities’. It provided a platform for forging partnerships between foreign and Indian firms and the discovery of newer avenues in the global value chain to accelerate the indigenisation process. The five-day event brought together global OEMs, defence innovators, start-ups, MSMEs, armed forces representatives, and policymakers, reinforcing India’s position as a rising hub for aerospace and defence production. Defence Ministers’ Conclave, CEOs Roundtable, India Pavilion, iDEX Pavilion, Manthan, Samarthya, Bilateral meetings and seminars were aimed at strengthening defence cooperation and investments in India's aerospace ecosystem.

Defence Diplomacy

SCO Defence Ministers’ Meeting: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, on June 26, 2025, addressed the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Defence Ministers’ Meeting at Qingdao, China, calling upon the member countries to unite in eliminating the menace for collective safety and security. He stated that the biggest challenges faced by the region are related to peace, security and trust-deficit, with increasing radicalisation, extremism & terrorism being the root cause of these problems. “Peace and prosperity cannot co-exist with terrorism and proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the hands of non-state actors and terror groups. Dealing with these challenges requires decisive action. It is imperative that those who sponsor, nurture and utilise terrorism for their narrow and selfish ends must bear the consequences. Some countries use cross-border terrorism as an instrument of policy and provide shelter to terrorists. There should be no place for such double standards. SCO should not hesitate to criticise such nations,” he said. He added that India’s zero tolerance for terrorism was demonstrated during Operation Sindoor, reiterating the need to hold the perpetrators, organisers, financiers and sponsors of reprehensible acts of terrorism, including cross-border terrorism, accountable and bring them to justice. He termed any and every act of terrorism as criminal & unjustifiable regardless of their motivation whenever, wherever and committed by whom-so-ever. SCO members must condemn this evil unequivocally, he said, reaffirming India’s resolve to fight terrorism in all its forms and manifestations.
India-China: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held a bilateral meeting with his Chinese counterpart Admiral Dong Jun on the sidelines of SCO Defence Ministers’ meeting in Qingdao, China on June 26, 2025. The two Ministers held in-depth discussions on the need to maintain peace and tranquility along the Indo-China border. Raksha Mantri acknowledged the work being undertaken by both sides to bring back semblance of normalcy in the bilateral relations. He highlighted the necessity of solving the complex issues through a structured roadmap of permanent engagement and de-escalation. Shri Rajnath Singh also stressed on border management and to have a permanent solution of border demarcation by rejuvenating the established mechanism on the issue. He emphasised the need to create good neighbourly conditions to achieve best mutual benefits as well as to cooperate for stability in Asia and the world. He also called for bridging the trust deficit created after 2020 Border standoff, by taking action on ground. The two Ministers agreed to continue consultations at various levels to achieve progress on issues related to disengagement, de-escalation, border management and eventual de-limitation through existing mechanisms.
ADMM-Plus: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh attended the 12th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on November 01, 2025. “India’s emphasis on the rule of law, particularly the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and its advocacy for freedom of navigation and overflight in the Indo-Pacific, are not directed against any country but are meant to safeguard the collective interests of all regional stakeholders,” he said addressing the forum. He asserted that India’s strategic engagement with ASEAN is not transactional but long-term & principle-driven, and it rests on a shared belief that the Indo-Pacific should remain open, inclusive, and free from coercion. Raksha Mantri also met with the Defence Ministers of ASEAN during the second India-ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Informal Meeting in Kuala Lumpur. During the meeting, the Ministers appreciated India’s key role in peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific region and sought to deepen defence cooperation with New Delhi at the regional level.
India-US: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh met with US Secretary of War Mr Pete Hegseth on the sidelines of 12th ADMM-Plus in Kuala Lumpur on October 31, 2025. The two leaders appreciated the continuing momentum in the bilateral defence cooperation and reaffirmed their commitment to further build upon the mutually beneficial partnership across all its pillars. They reviewed the ongoing defence issues & the challenges that persist and deliberated upon the ongoing defence industry and technology collaborations. The Secretary of War reiterated that India is a priority country for the US in defence cooperation and they were committed to work closely with India to ensure a free and open Indo-Pacific. Both leaders signed the ‘framework for the US-India major defence partnership’ which will usher a new era in an already strong defence partnership. The 2025 framework marks a new chapter to further transform the partnership over the next 10 years. It is intended to provide a unified vision and policy direction to deepen defence cooperation. Raksha Mantri exuded confidence that the framework will provide policy direction to the entire spectrum of the India-US defence relationship. “It is a signal of our growing strategic convergence and will herald a new decade of partnership. Defence will remain as the major pillar of our bilateral relations. Our partnership is critical for ensuring a free, open and rules-bound Indo-Pacific region,” he said.
India-Russia: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh and the Defence Minister of Russia Mr Andrei Belousov co-chaired the 22nd session of India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission on Military & Military Technical Cooperation (IRIGC-M&MTC) in New Delhi on December 04, 2025. Both sides reiterated that the bilateral relationship is based on a deep sense of trust, common principles and mutual respect. Shri Rajnath Singh voiced the Government of India's determination for capacity building of its indigenous defence industry for both local production and exports, under the vision of 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat'. He also stressed on new opportunities for enhancing collaboration between both counties across niche technologies. The Russian Defence Minister emphasised on deepening relationship between both the countries which is based on mutual trust. He highlighted that both countries are united by many years of friendship and strategic cooperation. He stated that the Russian Defence Industry is ready to support India towards becoming self-reliant in the field of defence production. At the end, the two Ministers signed the protocol of the 22nd IRIGC-M&MTC meeting highlighting the ongoing and prospective areas of cooperation. Raksha Mantri and his Russian counterpart had, earlier, met on June 27, 2025 on the sidelines of SCO Defence Ministers’ Meeting in Qingdao. The supply of S-400 systems, Su-30 MKI upgrades, and procurement of critical military hardware in expeditious timeframes were some of the key takeaways of the meeting.
India-Japan: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held a bilateral meeting with Minister of Defense of Japan Mr Gen Nakatani at Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi on May 05, 2025. During the meeting, both sides condemned terrorism in all its forms and emphasised the need for global cooperation in this regard. The two Ministers reviewed the defence and security pillars of the India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership. They reaffirmed their commitment towards strengthening the bilateral relations and contributing towards regional peace.
India-Australia: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held wide-ranging talks with the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Defence of Australia Mr Richard Marles in Canberra on October 09, 2025. The meeting marked five years of the India-Australia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, with both sides reaffirming their shared commitment to deepening defence cooperation across a wide spectrum, including military exercises, maritime security, defence industry collaboration and joint research in science and technology. The talks culminated in the signing of three key agreements: an Agreement on Information Sharing, an MoU on Submarine Search and Rescue Cooperation and Terms of Reference on the establishment of Joint Staff Talks. During the meeting, Shri Rajnath Singh reiterated India’s stand that Terror & Talks cannot go together, Terror & trade cannot go together and water & blood cannot flow together. He also urged the international community to come together against all forms of terrorism.
India-Maldives: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held bilateral discussions with the Defence Minister of Maldives Mr Mohamed Ghassan Maumoon in New Delhi on January 08, 2025, and comprehensively reviewed various aspects of bilateral defence & security cooperation. During the talks, both sides reasserted the firm commitment to work closely in realising the joint vision for India-Maldives Comprehensive Economic and Maritime Security Partnership.
India-Indonesia: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh and Minister of Defense of Indonesia Mr Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin co-chaired the third India-Indonesia Defence Ministers’ Dialogue in New Delhi on November 27, 2025, reaffirming the long-standing strategic partnership and deepening bilateral defence cooperation. Key outcomes of the meeting include Strategic Outlook on Indo-Pacific Peace and Security: Defence Cooperation and Industry Collaboration; Military-to-Military Engagements; Maritime Security and Multilateral Cooperation; Defence Technology, Submarine Capability, and Medical Cooperation; and Support for International Peace and Humanitarian Efforts.
India-Morocco: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh and his Moroccan counterpart Mr Abdeltif Loudiyi held a bilateral meeting in Rabat on September 22, 2025, where both ministers signed an MoU on defence cooperation. The MoU provides for a robust institutional framework to the growing partnership and paves the way for collaboration in defence industry, joint exercises, military training and capacity building. Raksha Mantri also announced the opening of a new Defence Wing at the Embassy of India in Rabat.
India-Netherlands: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held a meeting with the Defence Minister of the Netherlands Mr Ruben Brekelmans in New Delhi on March 18, 2025. They discussed elevating the bilateral cooperation in areas like defence, security, information exchanges, Indo-Pacific and new & emerging technologies. The two Ministers explored the possibilities of collaboration in shipbuilding, equipment and space sectors, optimising the complementariness in skills, technology & scale of the two countries. They also discussed working together in domains like Artificial Intelligence and related technologies, besides connecting the respective defence technology research institutes and organisations.
India-Brazil: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held a meeting with the Vice President of Brazil Mr Geraldo Alckmin and Defence Minister of Brazil Mr José Múcio Monteiro Filho in New Delhi on October 15, 2025. The leaders reviewed the progress of ongoing defence related initiatives and identified priority areas for joint work including exploring opportunities for co-development & co-production of defence equipment.
India-Africa: On April 13, 2025, Raksha Rajya Mantri visited Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and inaugurated the harbour phase of Indian Navy’s maiden initiative of Africa-India Key Maritime Engagement exercise (AIKEYME) with Minister of Defence and National Service of Tanzania Dr Stergomena Lawrence Tax onboard INS Chennai. AIKEYME, co-hosted by India and Tanzania, involved participation from Comoros, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles and South Africa. The exercise represents commitment of the participating countries to a free, open and secure Indian Ocean. Raksha Rajya Mantri also joined the digital inauguration of Weapons Training Simulator facility established at Arusha and inauguration of Defence Expo. In the Defence Expo, 22 companies from India took part with their key products on display.
India-UAE: Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh held a bilateral meeting with his UAE counterpart Mr Mohammed Mubarak Al Mazrouei in Dubai on November 17, 2025. He emphasised the importance of interaction between the two sides through institutional mechanisms, participation in defence exhibitions and training cooperation. He urged the two sides to explore joint research and co-development & co-production in the defence sector. Raksha Rajya Mantri was in Dubai to attend the Dubai Air Show. He inaugurated the India Pavilion where DPSUs and private industries like Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), DRDO, Corel Technologies, Dantal Hydraulics, Image Synergy Ekxplor, SFO Technologies and several defence start-ups put up their stalls. During the Dubai Air Show, a Tejas fighter aircraft tragically crashed while carrying out an aerial display. Wg Cdr Namansh Syal sustained fatal injuries in the unfortunate accident.

Gp Capt Shubhanshu Shukla

Gp Capt Shubhanshu Shukla created history as he became the first Indian astronaut to travel to the International Space Station. On July 15, 2025, he landed back safely on earth, following the successful completion of his historic 18-day mission, which was launched on June 25, 2025. During his time aboard the International Space Station, Group Captain Shukla worked seamlessly with fellow members of the Axiom-4 Crew and Expedition 73, embodying India’s growing leadership in international space cooperation. He conducted pioneering experiments in microgravity on subjects such as muscle regeneration, algal and microbial growth, crop viability, microbial survivability, cognitive performance in space, and the behaviour of cyanobacteria. These studies will deepen global understanding of human spaceflight and microgravity science, and provide critical inputs for India’s future missions. This successful mission significantly elevates India’s global standing in space exploration. It is a vital stepping stone towards India’s own human spaceflight ambition, including the Gaganyaan and the Bharatiya Antariksha Station.

President - Rafale sortie

On October 29, 2025, Smt Droupadi Murmu took a sortie in a Rafale aircraft at Air Force Station, Ambala in Haryana, becoming the first President of India to have taken sortie in two fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force. Earlier, she took a sortie in Sukhoi 30 MKI in 2023. The President, who is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, flew for approximately 30 minutes covering about 200 kilometers before returning to the Air Force Station. The aircraft was flown by Group Captain Amit Gehani, Commanding Officer of the 17 Squadron. The aircraft flew at a height of about 15000 ft above sea level and at a speed of about 700 kilometers per hour.

President - Dived sortie

On December 28, 2025, President Smt Droupadi Murmu undertook a dived sortie onboard a submarine, INS Vaghsheer on Western Seaboard. During the over two-hour long sortie, the President was briefed on the role of the submarine arm in India's maritime strategy, and the operational capabilities & contributions in safeguarding national maritime interests. The President witnessed the operational demonstrations, and interacted with the crew, commended their dedicaton, commitment & spirit of selfless service. She described the indigenous submarine as a shining example of the Indian Navy's professional excellence, combat preparedness and unwavering commitment to national security.

Smt Droupadi Murmu is the second President to take sortie in a submarine after Dr APJ Abdul Kalam. Earlier, in November 2024, the President had witnessed an Operational Demonstration by the Indian Navy onboard the indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant.

MiG-21 Decommissioning

MiG-21, the legendary fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force, was decommissioned after an illustrious service of more than six decades, in Chandigarh on September 26, 2025. The ceremony was graced by Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh. A ceremonial switch-off of six MiG-21 aircraft in front of the dignitaries marked the culmination of the aircraft’s operational service.

Operation Sagar Bandhu

In a testimony to India’s emergence as a Preferred Security Partner in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), the Indian Armed Forces are providing Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief (HADR) to Cyclone Ditwah-hit regions of Sri Lanka under Operation Sagar Bandhu. Two Indian Naval Warships INS Vikrant and INS Udaygiri at Colombo delivered immediate assistance by providing relief provisions at short notice. Ship-borne helicopters were deployed for aerial recce of the affected areas and augmented ongoing Search and Rescue efforts in coordination with the Sri Lanka Navy, leading to successful rescue of Sri Lankan citizens. The assets of the Indian Air Force (IAF) were ready for launch within an hour of the requisition, and as on December 09, 2025, they have brought back home 424 Indian nationals. 335 tons of rescue & relief material, medicines, BHISHM capsules, Para Field Hospitals and Bailey Bridges have also been distributed to the affected areas. A Mi-17 helicopter rescued 264 stranded people, including persons of different nationalities, critically-injured patients, pregnant women and infants. Fifty-seven troops of the Sri Lankan Army were also airlifted to provide assistance in relief operations. 10 IAF heavy lift transport aircraft were also deployed for airlifting a complete Field Hospital with 80 Medical & Paramedical personnel, Army Engineer Task Force of 48 personnel along with 04 bailey bridges and 80 specialist personnel of NDRF. The Field Hospital has treated over 2,200 patients and the Engineer Task Force has commenced construction of the Bailey Bridges to restore the severed road connectivity. An Mi17 helicopter is still on standby in Colombo for any required assistance. The Indian Navy, in addition to the initial support deployed five more warships – an Offshore Patrol Vessel, three Landing Craft Utilities and Landing Ship Tank to augment the aid to the relief and rescue efforts. Till date, seven Indian Naval ships have delivered 1,044 tons of relief material to the affected areas.

DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY AFFAIRS

Operation Sindoor

Operation Sindoor stands as a resounding testament to India’s unwavering resolve against terrorism - a bold demonstration of decisive leadership, joint operational synergy and the nation’s intent to safeguard its sovereignty against brutal killings by Pakistan-based terrorists. With precision and professionalism, the Indian Armed Forces struck deep into the heart of Pakistan’s terror infrastructure, delivering a calibrated and decisive blow. The operation showcased unmatched multi-domain capability and was executed simultaneously across the traditional domains of land, maritime and air as well as the emerging domains of cyber, space and information warfare.

With strategic foresight and restraint of the forces, Operation Sindoor highlighted India’s sustained focus on capability development i.e., from intelligence dominance to cutting edge technology and joint operational readiness. The operation was a classic demonstration of execution of will of the nation through seamless integration of all organs of the Government. The success of home-grown technologies and weapon systems in combat was validation of the success of ‘Aatmanirbharta’.

The operations sent an unambiguous message to the world: India will not tolerate terror, and those who sponsor it will face the full force of retribution. This operation would be remembered as a defining moment in India’s military history and as a symbol of military precision and national resolve.

INDIAN ARMY

Situation along Northern Front

· Situation along Northern borders remains stable yet sensitive. After the agreement on disengagement achieved in Depsang and Demchok in 2024, 2025 witnessed reduced deployment levels of PLA both opposite the Northern borders and in traditional training areas. PLA maintained 10 Combined Arms Brigade size forces each in tactical/ operational depth opposite the Northern borders and in training areas. The overall BMP pattern remained unchanged from 2024. The deployment of Indian Army in all sectors along the LAC is robust, well poised and prepared to deal with any emerging contingency.

· Own defence preparedness has been enhanced with infusion of new generation equipment and deployment of newly created force multipliers of Rudra Brigades, Divyastra Batteries & Bhairav Battalions along the Northern borders. The Northern borders also witnessed significant improvement of infrastructure, connectivity and billeting in all sectors.

· Bilateral interaction between India and China at political, diplomatic and military levels have facilitated positive developments and stabilisation on the Northern borders. Own military actions are calibrated and the approach is to respond to PLA activities with an aim to achieve peace and tranquillity adhering to the principle of ‘Mutual and Equal’ security.

· During the year, various channels of communication were effectively utilised to address mutual concerns along the Line of Actual Control. The year witnessed renewed engagement with 33rd and 34th round of Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination (WMCC) meeting in Mar & Jul 2025 respectively followed by 24th round of Special Representatives (SR) Talks on 19 Aug 2025 at New Delhi. The positive developments in bilateral relationship between both countries was further reinforced during Hon’ble PM’s visit to China for SCO Summit in Tianjin in Aug 2025. The constructive discourse of relations was also reflected during the 23rd Corps Commander Level Meet (Senior Highest Military Commander Level Meet) conducted in Western Sector (Eastern Ladakh) on 25-26 Oct 2025. At ground level, Border Personnel Meetings continued with the PLA in all sectors in a cordial and friendly environment to resolve issues of concern.

· The security situation in J&K remains firmly under control due to the relentless efforts of Indian Army. Awaam has chosen to follow the path of development and has been actively participating in large numbers in all government & Indian Army run initiatives. The ‘Whole of Nation Approach’ has resulted in reduction in violence levels, scaled down protests and zero incidents of stone pelting. After the DGMO talks on 10 & 12 May 2025, the situation remains stable though unpredictable. However, there has been an increase in Pakistan attempts to surreptitiously infiltrate terrorists through the LC & IB Sect.

· Pakistan attempted to activate Poonch-Rajouri region as a hotbed for proxy war during the year 2023-24. Therefore, own deliverables for year 2025 were clearly defined in terms of maintaining robust anti-infiltration grid, relentless conduct of operations in mid & higher reaches to dislocate/ neutralise terrorists and reduce local recruitment of cadres by creating a conducive environment for development.

· Security situation in hinterland continues to witness consistent improvement since 2019. Functionality of training camps, presence of terrorists in launch pads and continuing infiltration attempts substantiate persistent Pak’s intent to prosecute a proxy war strategy. Significant efforts are being made by Pak to exploit the IB sector not only to smuggle weapons and narcotics using drones but also to infiltrate large strength of terrorists.

Situation in North East Region

· The internal security situation across the North East Region remains stable and has shown a marked improvement over the past year. Sustained efforts of the Indian Army, Assam Rifles and other security agencies through Counter lnsurgency (CI)/ Counter Terrorism (CT) operations, domination of sensitive areas and a ‘Whole of Government’ approach have reduced the violence and shrunk the residual space available for insurgent activities. Concurrent dynamic initiatives of the Government along with the impetus on connectivity, border infrastructure and socio-economic development have created a congenial environment for multi-sectoral growth in the region.

· The Army and Assam Rifles have played a pivotal role in reducing the violence levels through focused CI/ CT operations. Since Jan 2025, 26 insurgents have been neutralised, 1024 insurgents have been apprehended, 111 insurgents have surrendered and 542 weapons have been recovered. Sustained CI/CT operations by security forces have progressively denied operational space to the Insurgent Groups.

· lnternal Security Situation in Manipur has improved in 2025. President’s Rule was promulgated on 13 Feb 2025, which has facilitated better inter-agency coordination and focused approach towards ending violence in the state. The effort of the security forces remains on recovering looted weapons, opening of National Highways and executing outreach programs to restore confidence among local communities. The peaceful conduct of the Durand Cup in Imphal on Jul 2025, the Shirui Lily festival in Ukhrul between 20-24 May 2025, the renewal of Suspension of Operations with Kuki Insurgent Groups on 04 Sep 2025 and the Hon’ble Prime Minister’s visit on 13 Sep 2025 have all been strong markers of peace & stability during the year. The progress on the Jiribam - Imphal railway line is steady, and set to deliver another milestone in Manipur’s development.

Security Along India Myanmar Border

· lndia-Myanmar Border (lMB) remains sensitive owing to persistent clashes between the Myanmar Army and Resistance Forces across the IMB resulting in an influx of 44,298 Myanmar nationals. lndian security forces have ensured that the North East Region remains insulated from the instability radiating from Myanmar. This has been achieved through enhanced surveillance, strengthened intelligence network and proactive border domination. Continuous engagement with Myanmar Army and local communities has further contributed towards maintaining stability along the IMB.

Counter Drone Operations

· A total of 791 drone intrusions (nine incidents along IB in J&K and 782 incidents along IB in Punjab/ Rajasthan) were reported during this year. Effective employment of own spoofers & jammers along the Western front significantly countered the drone threat. During the ibid period, 237 drones were brought down by own forces along IB Sector (five drones with War Like Stores, 72 drones with narcotics & 161 drones without any payload).

Infrastructure Development in Border Areas

· Concerted efforts are being made towards development of critical infrastructure including roads, bridges, tunnels, aviation bases in forward areas with enhanced focus towards Northern borders. A total 470 roads of approx. 27,300km are planned to be constructed in border areas as part of BRO perspective planning. Over last five years, BRO has been granted a financial outlay of approx. ₹23,625 Cr by the MoD for execution of GS roads which has enabled construction of approximately 4,595km length of roads in forward areas. Considerable progress has been achieved in establishment of forward connectivity especially along the Northern borders. For the current period approx. 1,125km of road construction has been achieved.

· Various actions have been initiated for enhancing BRO road construction capability. This includes reforms in DPR preparation, modernisation of equipment, incorporation of latest technology, invigorating EPC mode of execution, expediting statutory clearances and cadre review of the organisation.

· Development of Trans-Kashmir Connectivity for an approx. length of 717 Km from Poonch - Tristar - Banali - Sadhna Pass - P Gali - Z Gali - SPG - Razdhan - Gurez - Kaobal Gali - Sonamarg has been endorsed for development to NHDL (Paved Shoulders) specifications with tunnels proposed at Sadhna Pass, P Gali, Z Gali and Razdhan Pass. The project will be executed phase wise by BRO through MoD(GS) funding. Development of the same will provide forward, inter-sector and inter-valley connectivity.

· All-weather connectivity to strategically critical areas along Northern borders is an imperative for national security paradigm. Seven tunnels were identified and In Principle Approval has been accorded by Cabinet Secretariat in Nov 2024 for preparation of DPR by BRO. Once constructed, these will augment mobility of own forces by provisioning all weather connectivity thereby obviating winter stocking, minimise undertaking of expensive aviation operations for logistic sustenance, as also, increase footfall of tourists to remote areas.

· Due impetus is also being imparted for infrastructure development in the Siliguri Corridor. Measures to provide redundancy to the existing Lines of Communication in the Corridor are underway in consultation with MoRTH. Necessary approvals for de-congestion of the corridor have been accorded and estimates are under preparation. In addition, construction of infrastructure for Force Preservation and the Command Control elements are under progress.

Operational Works

· Comprehensive infrastructure development is being undertaken to facilitate the operational readiness of armed forces. Projects includes troop habitat, troop comfort amenities and technical infrastructure to support the operations of equipment and stores inducted in forward areas. Enhancing forward connectivity to remote border areas through construction of foot tracks, operational tracks and helipads is one of the key focus areas. Impetus has been imparted towards construction of force preservation infrastructure to facilitate the battle readiness of troops deployed in remote inaccessible areas.

Tri-Services Synergy

· Jointness and Integration: Operation Sindoor has aptly highlighted that jointness is the need of the hour. Complete theaterisation is imperative to meet future challenges and pave way for seamless synergy between the Services. Jointness and integration, being integral aspects of operational philosophy for Indian Army, have been emphasised upon by the Prime Minister. With accomplishment of 29% deliverables and completion of 35% Joint Doctrines, time has come to achieve all Jointness and Integration initiatives in a timely manner. The cross-linkages with sister Services are being nurtured so as to aggregate our capacities and capabilities. The initiatives, in congruence with the contemporary challenges and operational imperatives for joint and integrated structures for execution of Multi Domain Operations, continue in the right earnest to extract optimum benefits. An integration roadmap has been prepared and the same has been presented to Raksha Mantri. The integration initiatives are focused on operational readiness to include capability development, maintenance, administration, Human Resource Management and legal aspects. Jointness and integration is not only restricted to the three Services, sustained outreach to other Government agencies & departments is also ongoing to aggregate capacities and capabilities. In addition, global outreach to imbibe best practices and collaboration on security issues is also underway.

AMPHEX-2025

· Biannual joint amphibious exercise with Indian Navy, AMPHEX-2025 was conducted between 12-31 Jan 2025 at Vizag and Karwar. One Infantry Battalion Group including a Mechanised Platoon ex-Southern Command participated in the exercise.

Tri-Service Exercise

· Tri-Services Exercise was successfully conducted from November 03 to 13, 2025 under the aegis of the Indian Navy. Approx. 30,000 troops of Indian Army deployed in Gujarat & Rajasthan Sector participated in the exercise for enhanced coordination, integrated response and interoperability. It culminated with capstone exercise including amphibious operation on 13 Nov 2025 at Madhavpur Beach (Porbandar) along the Gujarat Coast.

Combined Commanders’ Conference 2025

· The Combined Commanders’ Conference 2025, with the theme ‘Year of Reforms-Transforming for the Future’, was held at HQ Eastern Command, Kolkata from 15-17 Sep 2025 under the aegis of HQ IDS with Indian Army as the lead Service. The event was inaugurated by the Prime Minister, wherein he highlighted the need for technological self-reliance and indigenous defence manufacturing. The discussions with Raksha Mantri focused on jointness, interoperability, technology driven warfare and reforms in key domains namely Space, Cyber and Special operations. The CDS stressed on continuous reforms to keep Indian defence forces agile, self-reliant and future ready amid global security challenges. CCC 2025 concluded with the release of a Joint Military Space Doctrine and a roadmap to make Indian Armed Forces more integrated, agile and technologically advanced to face multi-domain threats.

Tri-Service All Women Circumnavigation Sailing Expedition

· On 11 Sep 2025, a ‘Tri-Services All Women Circumnavigation Sailing Expedition’ comprising a 10 member crew (05 Indian Army, 04 Indian Air Force & 01 Indian Navy) was flagged off from the iconic Gateway of India at Mumbai in the virtual mode by Raksha Mantri. Between Sep 2025 to Jun 2026, the crew will cover approximately 25,000 nm while circumnavigating the planet.

Joint Services Training Institutes

· Based on ‘lead service’ concept, JSTIs are being established to carry out training of all three Services personnel at a single establishment in select domains. IA is the lead in four JSTI’s i.e., Chemical Biological Radiological & Nuclear (CBRN), Intelligence, Law & Music. Six JSTIs are in the process of being formulated. All four JSTIs which are under IA have already been institutionalised and have started conducting courses.

Capability Development, Modernisation and Aatmanirbharta

· To address any capability void and induct niche technology, special provision for two tranches of Emergency Procurements have been accorded in the year 2025. 13 schemes worth Rs 1,958.80 crore were contracted for strengthening the existing Counter Insurgency/ Counter Terrorism grid. In consideration of ongoing operational concerns, sanction for emergency procurement in the niche technology domains of Drone/ Counter Drone, Weapon systems, Precision Ammunition, Electronic Warfare Systems, Surveillance Systems etc was accorded. A total of 29 capability development schemes have already been contracted and another 16 schemes are likely to be contracted in Dec 2025.

· IA has laid down a clear roadmap as part of the Aatmanirbharta Vision, wherein ammunition procurement under 'Manufacture of Ammunition for IA by Indian industry' for long term requirement of 10 years is in progress to establish minimum one indigenous source for all types of ammunition. Through concerted and proactive efforts and in close coordination with other agencies, 159 out of 175 (nearly 91%) ammunition variants have been indigenised.

· Emergency Procurement In the wake of Op Sindoor, Emergency Procurement Powers were extended to the defence forces. The details with respect to IA are as under:

Ø Emergency Powers Revenue 2025: Total ceiling of procurement under Emergency Power Revenue is Rs 9,100 crore. Out of this, Rs 1,680 crore has been allocated to Field Army for procurement of equipment/ stores to enhance operational capability. Balance Rs 7,420 crore is being utilised for Central Procurement. As on 10 Nov 2025, complete budget for Emergency Power Revenue 2025 has been utilised. 78% of the budget in Central Procurement has been utilised for the procurement of ammunition, whereas 80% of the budget for Field Formations has been utilised to build Drone, Counter Drone and strike capability by acquiring Loiter Ammunition/ Kamikaze drones.

Ø Emergency Procurement VI Capital 2025: 58 schemes have been planned for Emergency Procurement VI Capital 2025. A total of 29 schemes, out of which 19 domestic schemes worth Rs 4,577.33 crore and 10 foreign schemes worth Rs 2,496.90 crore (total Rs 7,074.24 crore) have been concluded.

Ø The expenditure on foreign procurement is diminishing steadily and for the FY 2025-26, the ratio of domestic versus foreign payment assigned by MoD (Finance) to IA is 87:13. IA is likely to achieve the stipulated targets. Details of indigenisation with effect from FY 2021-22 to FY 2024-25 are tabulated below:-

FY	Expenditure		Total (₹ in Crore)	Ratio
FY	Indigenous (₹ in Crore)	Foreign (₹ in Crore)	Total (₹ in Crore)	Ratio
2021-22	17,290.96	2,940.15	20,231.11	6:1
2022-23	20,018.07	11,696.95	31,715.02	2:1
2023-24	21,607.65	1,471.77	23,079.42	15:1
2024-25	33,549.35	1,707.18	35,256.53	19:1

Aatmanirbharta in Ammunition Manufacturing

· 32 variants of ammunition have been offered to the Indian Industry for long term contracts under ‘Manufacturing of Ammunition for IA by Indian Industry, a Government of India Initiative’. These are being progressed as 12 procurement cases (clubbed based on calibre/ platform) amounting to ₹ 15,899 Crore. Four cases worth ₹5,696 Cr have been placed with DPSUs & Private players and balance cases are at advance stages of evaluation and likely to fructify during the next six to twelve months. Most of these ammunition are likely to be indigenised by 2027-28.

· IA has a clear roadmap as part of the Aatmanirbharta vision for 10 years. In the Phase-I (2025-26), indigenisation (including private industry) for all import dependent ammunition for major platforms is underway for a total of 32 variants amounting to ₹15,899 Cr. In Phase-II (2026-27), five additional ammunition have been identified for production through Indian Industry to expand vendor base and secure stock affected by supply chain disruption. In Phase-III (2027 onwards), the experience and expertise gained in first two Phases would provide the requisite wherewithal in terms of infrastructure and technology, laying the foundation for indigenous development of next generation of hi-tech ammunition based on indigenous R&D in niche technology and Indian IPR for the world market. The aim of the Aatmanirbhar project is to build up ammunition stocks to desired levels, minimise imports and achieve self-sufficiency in the country as also establish at least two sources for each type of ammunition, obtain critical technologies and set up manufacturing infrastructure and capability.

· IA has a large inventory of ammunition, currently comprising 175 scaled in-service variants ranging from ammunition for vintage platforms to advance precision guided munitions. Through concerted efforts and close coordination with DRDO, DPSUs and Private Industry, 159 ammunition variants (90.85%) have been indigenised and are being sourced from indigenous source (single source - 110 and more than one source – 49).

· Indigenisation of Special Clothing & Mountaineering Equipment (SCME), authorised to troops deployed in areas with temperatures ranging from -200 to 500C, has been a key focus area of IA. Post embargo on import purchase in Dec 2021, the procurement of ex-import items has ceased and indigenisation is being pursued on war footing through a number of initiatives. There are total of 57 items authorised as part of SCME, out of which 53 have been indigenised and balance four are at an advanced stage of trials and indigenisation that is likely to be achieved by end 2026.

· Mission SWAYAT Experiment: Autonomous Weapon System (AWS) is a military technology that can select and engage targets without direct human intervention. With an aim to undertake development of indigenous AWS with desired lethal payload and appropriate human control, mission SWAYAT experiment was conducted from 23-25 Apr 2025 at Babina Field Firing Range to evaluate indigenous capability in AWS and to evolve a roadmap for its induction.

· Manufacturing of Drones: 515 Army Base Workshop and select Corps Z Workshops/ EME Battalions have established credible drone manufacturing capability using in-house expertise and collaboration with Subject Matter Experts (SME). The facilities are state-of-the-art, which meet the quality requirements of drones. A total of 819 drones (Surveillance-193, Kamikaze/ Armed/Weaponised-337, First Pilot View-289) have been manufactured till date by EME units.

· Digitisation and Automation: Towards enhancing operational efficiency through real time data analysis and autonomous systems, IA is making headway in AI driven decision-making tools such as ‘AI based preventive maintenance of IA Equipment and demand forecast of spares’, AI Model in Transport and Road Space Management and AI based supply chain mapping system.

· Military Diplomacy: Major Joint Exercises with FFCs from Jan-Nov 2025 are tabulated below :-

Joint Exercise	Participation	Date (2025)
Ekuverin-XIII (Tri-Service)	India-Maldives	02-15 Feb
Cyclone-III (Single Service)	India-Egypt	10-23 Feb
Dharma Guardian-VI (Single Service)	India-Japan	24 Feb-09 Mar
Khanjar–XII	India-Kyrgyzstan	10-23 Mar
Tiger Triumph (Tri-Service Exercise)	India-USA	01-14 Apr
DUSTLIK	India-Uzbekistan	15-28 Apr
IMBAX	India-Myanmar	22-27 Apr
Nomadic Elephant	India-Mongolia	29 May-13 Jun
Ex Shakti	India-France	19 Jun-02 Jul
Ex Bold Kurukshetra	India-Singapore	28 Jul-04 Aug
Ex Bright Star	India-Egypt	28 Aug-10 Sep
Ex Yudh Abhyas	India-USA	01-14 Sep
Ex Maitree	India-Thailand	01-14 Sep
Ex Zapad	India-Russia	10-16 Sep
Ex INDRA, 13th Edition	India-Russia	03-15 Oct
Ex AUSTRAHIND	India-Australia	13-26 Oct
Ex Mitra Shakti	India-Sri Lanka	10-23 Nov
Ex VINBAX	India-Vietnam	10-29 Nov
Ex Ajeya Warrior	India-UK	17-30 Nov

Structured Engagements: As on date, IA engages with armies of 19 countries through Staff Talks. So far, Army level talks have been conducted with following countries in year 2025:

Country	Date of Conduct (in 2025)
Out
Vietnam	22-24 Apr
Saudi Arabia	23-24 Apr
Indonesia	08-10 Jul
France	30 Sep-01 Oct
Australia	29-31 Oct
In
Israel	03 Feb
Singapore	03-05 Mar
Japan	06-07 Mar
UAE	29 Jul
Maldives	26 Aug
Myanmar	09-10 Sep
Oman	21-23 Oct
Sri Lanka	18-20 Nov

Contributions towards United Nations Peacekeeping

· So far, India has participated in 53 out of 72 UN Peacekeeping Missions and has contributed over 2,97,000 personnel till date. 164 IA Peacekeepers have made supreme sacrifice defending the UN mandate. India’s approach to Peacekeeping is guided by the 5S as enunciated by the Hon’ble Prime Minister i.e. Samman (Respect), Samvaad (Communication), Sahyog (Cooperation), Samridhi (Prosperity) and Shanti (Peace).

· Presently, IA has deployed approximately 5,000 military personnel with five Infantry Battalions and 11 Formed Units apart from Staff Officers/ Military Observers across 10 UN missions in DRC, South Sudan, Abyei, Western Sahara, Central African Republic, Addis Ababa, Lebanon, Syria, Israel and Cyprus. However, due to ongoing financial liquidity crisis in UN and reduction in strength of personnel, the strength will reduce to approximately 4,100 uniformed personnel. To ameliorate the suffering of women and children in the conflict zone, Female Engagement Teams (FETs), Women Psychological Counsellors and Military Nursing Service (MNS) officers have been deployed to various missions. Trained Yoga instructors also form part of the contingent to conduct Yoga for peacekeepers and the local population.

Contributions towards Nation Building

Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief (HADR)

· Indian Army despite its operational commitments has always been at the forefront in providing HADR to the nation in disaster affected areas. In the year 2025, Indian Army deployed 141 Columns including Engineer Task Forces in more than 80 locations in 10 states, during which 28,293 nationals were rescued, medical aid was provided to approximately 7,318 and relief material distributed to over 2,617 nationals. Major relief operations were undertaken under Op Brahma in Myanmar (Mar 2025), Dharali rescue operations, Uttarakhand (Aug 2025), Dimapur floods (Jul 2025), flood relief operations in Chisot/ Kishtwar district in J&K (Aug 2025) and Pooh, Kinnaur district in Himachal Pradesh.

· The Indian Army is strongly committed to the vision of ‘Viksit Bharat @ 2047’ and undertakes ‘Military Civic Action Projects’ under Op Sadbhavana in remote border areas. With an annual budget of ₹ 150 Crores, Op Sadbhavana also contributes to the ‘Vibrant Villages’ programme of the Government and remains focussed on infrastructure development, education, healthcare and human resource development for remote locations including those along our borders.

· Territorial Army units have been deployed to provide a safe and secure environment for construction of the Railway Mega Project in Manipur. Owing to the presence of the TA troops, the project has progressed at a very fast pace with regular train service till Khongsang (Manipur). The project is likely to be completed by 2027.

Women Empowerment

· The Indian Army has been a key player in promoting women empowerment, reflecting the nation’s commitment to gender fairness and inclusivity. Over the years, the Army has broken longstanding barriers, providing women with opportunities to serve in various roles that were previously restricted. Through policy reforms, leadership opportunities, and strategic inclusion, the IA is actively fostering an environment where women can excel and lead. To ensure a gender-neutral future, it is essential to ensure that the feeder institutes are prepared to meet the imminent vacancies arising due to the expansion of role of women in Armed forces. 10% seats have been reserved for girls in all 33 Sainik Schools across India with effect from academic year 2021-22. Girl students have also been allowed in Rashtriya Military Schools with effect from academic session 2022-23 to act as feeder for officer cadet entry into National Defence Academy. 120 vacancies per year for women officer cadets have been earmarked in Officers Training Academy.

· The IA is actively promoting women to leadership positions, giving them opportunities to command and lead. Women officers are being considered and appointed to command roles of units/ battalions, a critical benchmark of leadership in the army. 119 women officers have been entrusted with the onerous responsibility of commanding Army units.

· The IA has seen a steady increase in the number of women reaching higher ranks, such as Lt Gen Sadhna Saxena Nair, VSM as DGMS (Army) and in ranks of Lieutenant Colonels and Colonels, and contributing to critical strategic and operational decisions. Women officers have tenanted the top four posts of AFMS, a testimony to the gender empowering approach of AFMS. The Army Postal Service is being headed by a women Maj Gen.

· Equal opportunities are being afforded to women officers to appear in Staff College exam at par with their male counterparts. Women officers are also being considered for Colonel (Selection Grade) ranks and given command appointments. Since May 2021, women were inducted in Corps of Military Police as OR and, now as Agniveers. IA is also looking for broader representation of women as JCOs & OR Cadre and planning to induct women in other Arms/ Services in a gradual manner.

· In 2024, Future Career Progression Policy was promulgated for women officers empanelled in Special Selection Boards (Lt Col to Col) to meet organisational requirement and career aspirations of women officers, while maintaining operational efficiency of IA. After conduct of Special Number 3 Selection Board (Lt Col to Col), the next Selection Board (Col to Brig) will be conducted as per extant policy provisions as applicable to all officers of IA.

· Women officers being commissioned into Services with effect from 01 Sep 2025 are now undergoing a 78 weeks attachment with units of Artillery/ AAD/ Engineers/ Signals deployed in field as their male counterparts.

Roadmap to Increase Women Representation in Army

· The Army has progressively enhanced annual intake of women cadets from 80 to 144 vacancies (80% increase) in 2024. This boosts female representation in the force at the level of officers. IA is taking progressive steps to increase the participation of women, while maintaining combat effectiveness. Commissioning of approximately 8,100 women officers in Arms & Services have been approved by the study of ‘Emp of Women Officers in IA’ in 2023. Selection process for JAG Special Entry Scheme will start from 2026 onwards.

INDIAN NAVY

The Indian Navy continued its strident and purposeful drive towards Aatmanirbharta and capability development with commissioning of 12 ships/submarines and delivery of a number of Yardcraft in 2025. The Navy’s robust proactive deployment during Op Sindoor cowered the PN fleet to operate close to its shores. Lessons learnt from operations/major tactical joint exercises and ongoing conflicts have led to a number of doctrinal and concept of operations revisions/updates as well as updating the technology induction philosophy. The capstone doctrinal document of the Navy – the Indian Maritime Doctrine – was revised and publicly released. The IN continues to steer the course to be combat ready, credible, cohesive and future ready.

Warship Construction

With over 177 ships/ submarine having been built and commissioned in India to date, the Navy continues to propel the domestic shipbuilding industry’s growth by supporting self-reliance in defence manufacturing. The Indian Navy remains the key pillar that supports the growth of Indian shipbuilding sector, with all 52 warships planned to be inducted in the Navy being built in India, orders for 75 more ships and submarines being in the final stages of approval, and steadfast focus on achieving higher indigenisation content across weapons, sensors and equipment.

A total of 12 ships have been delivered this year, as follows:

INS Surat, 4th and last ship of P15B, was commissioned on 15 Jan 2025 by the Prime Minister at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. INS Surat is the fastest constructed indigenous warship (frigate and above) built in only 31 months from launch to delivery.
INS Nilgiri, first ship of P17A stealth frigates, was commissioned by Prime Minister, on 15 Jan 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. INS Nilgiri, is the 100th indigenously designed naval platform, steered by the Warship Design Bureau, premier warship design organisation of IN.
INS Vaghsheer, sixth and last submarine of P75 project, was commissioned by Prime Minister, on 15 Jan 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. Post commissioning of INS Vaghsheer, all six submarines of the Project 75 have been delivered and commissioned into Indian Navy.
INS Arnala built by GRSE, Kolkata has been delivered on May 08, 2025 and commissioned on 18 Jun 2025.
INS Tamal has been commissioned on 01 Jul 2025 at Yantar Shipyard, Kaliningrad, Russia.
INS Nistar built by HSL, Visakhapatnam has been delivered on 08 Jul 2025 and commissioned on 18 Jul 2025.
INS Udaygiri, second ship of P17A stealth frigates, was delivered by MDL to IN on 01 Jul 2025 and commissioned by RM, on 26 Aug 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai.
INS Himgiri, first ship of P17A stealth frigates built at M/s GRSE was delivered to IN on 30 Jul 2025 and commissioned by RM, on 26 Aug 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai.
INS Androth built by GRSE, Kolkata has been delivered on 13 Sep 2025 and commissioned on 06 Oct 2025.
INS Ikshak, third ship of Survey Vessel (Large) project was delivered by GRSE to IN on 14 Aug 2025 and commissioned by the Chief of Naval Staff, on 06 Nov 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai.
INS Mahe, the first ship of ASW Shallow Water Craft, was delivered by CSL to IN on 23 Oct 2025 and commissioned by the Chief of Army Staff, on 24 Nov 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Mumbai.
The first ship of DSC project - A20 has been delivered on 16 Sep 2025 and commissioned on 16 Dec 25.

A total of five warships have been launched this year, as follows:

The second ship Utkarsh, was launched on 13 Jan 2025.
Tavasya was launched on 22 Mar 2025.
The 8th ship, Ajay was launched on July 21, 2025.
The 3rd Ship DSC A22 was launched on 12 Sep 2025.
The 6th ship, Magdala, ex-CSL, was launched on 18 Oct 2025.

A total of three Yardcraft have been delivered this year, as follows:

The 8th, 9th and 10th barges of Ammunition Cum Torpedo Cum Missile Barges were delivered on 06 Jan 2025, 12 Mar 2025 and 22 Apr 2025 respectively (MSME Shipyard).
The 7th and 8th Barges of Missile Cum Ammunition Barge project were delivered on 07 Jan 2025 and 04 Mar 2025 by SECON Engineering Projects Pvt Ltd, Visakhapatnam (MSME Shipyard).
The 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Bollard Pull Tugs of 06 x 25 Ton Bollard Pull Tug project were delivered on 12 Feb 2025, 26 Mar 2025, 27 Jun2025 and 04 Sep 2025 by Titagarh Rail System Limited, Kolkata.

Major Exercises

TROPEX 25:

Indian Navy’s capstone biennial Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise (TROPEX-25) was conducted from Jan – Mar 25. The three-month long exercise was conducted in multiple phases, both in harbour and at sea, integrating various facets of combat operations, cyber and electronic warfare operations, live weapon drills during the Joint Work up Phase and Amphibious Exercise. Multiple ships, submarines, aircraft, ICG ships, IAF aircraft and Indian Army troops participated in the exercise. The exercise was aimed at validating Indian Navy’s core warfighting skills, and ensuring a synchronised, integrated response to preserve and protect national maritime security interests in a contested maritime environment. The exercise construct also included assessing the operational, material & logistics preparedness of Indian Navy as part of Exercise Taiyaar.

Tri-Service Exercise 2025 was conducted from 03-13 Nov 2025 at/off Gujarat, with IN as the lead Service, with large scale participation from IA, IAF, BSF and ICG. TSE-2025 is the first exercise where all Services and organisations have been involved from ab-initio planning stage. The exercise was aimed at enhancing jointness and synergy amongst the Services, and formed a stepping stone for planning future tri-Service exercises.
Ex Tiger Triumph is an Indo-US Tri-Service Amphibious HADR exercise between Indian and US defence forces. The exercise aims at developing interoperability and synergy between Indian and US defence forces in a combined and joint amphibious HADR scenario. The last edition of the exercise was conducted from 01-15 Apr 2025 at Visakhapatnam/ Kakinada Naval Enclave.
Ex Jalprahar is conducted biannually to impart amphibious training to Indian Army infantry troops. The exercise involves participation of Indian Navy’s amphibious platforms along with Indian Army troops and equipment. This year, the exercise was conducted at Visakhapatnam/ Kakinada in the first week of
Oct 2025.

Salient points from Indian Navy’s major operational deployments are as follows:

INS Imphal was deployed for participation in Mauritius National Day celebrations and arrived at Port Louis, Mauritius, on 01 Mar 2025. IN marching contingent, comprising 29 personnel and 25 men band along with two MH-60R helicopters participated in the National Day Parade held at Port Louis on 12 Mar 2025.
INS Tamal, after commissioning at Kaliningrad, Russia, on 01 Jul 2025, completed her maiden passage and entered Karwar on 10 Sep 2025. During the passage, the ship undertook port visits at Russia, Morocco, Italy, Greece, Saudi Arabia and Oman, followed by Passage Exercise (PASSEX) with host navies.
IN Ships Shakti, Satpura, Delhi and Kiltan were deployed for Eastern Fleet Operational Deployment from 16 Jul – 03 Aug 2025. During the deployment, the ships undertook port visits at Singapore, Vietnam and Philippines and also undertook PASSEX/ bilateral exercises with the host navies.
IN Ship Kadmatt was deployed for participation in the 50th Independence Day Celebrations of Papua New Guinea, at/ off Port Moresby (30 Aug - 07 Sep 2025). The ship also undertook port visit at Indonesia, Fiji, and Australia during the deployment.
IN Ship Trikand was deployed for WFOD 03/ 25. The ship participated in Ex Bright Star, at/ off Alexandria, Egypt (01 – 11 Sep 2025) and undertook maiden bilateral exercise with Hellenic Navy, at/ off Salamis Bay, Greece (13 – 18 Sep 2025). The ship also undertook port visits at Cyprus, Italy, and Oman, during the deployment.
IN Ship Sahyadri is deployed for EFOD 03/ 25. The ship undertook port visit at Kemaman, Malaysia from 02 – 05 Oct 2025.
1st Training Squadron units, Sujata, Shardul and ICGS Veera were deployed for Long Range Training Deployment to South East Asian countries from 10 Jan – 11 Mar 2025 and undertook port visits at Singapore, Cambodia, Indonesia and Thailand.
1st Training Squadron Ships Tir, Shardul, Sujata and Sarathi were deployed for Long Range Training Deployment to SW IOR, from 25 Aug – 09 Oct 2025. The ships undertook port visits at Seychelles, Mauritius, Reunion, Mozambique, and Kenya.

Exercises with Foreign Navies

Since Jan 25, a number of naval ships and aircraft have participated in 18 bilateral, 08 multilateral, 31 maritime partnership exercises, 04 Coordinated Patrols (CORPAT) and 12 Joint Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surveillance exercises. Some exercises include French Carrier Strike Group (CSG) comprising Charles de Gaulle, FNS Jacques Chevalier, FNS Provence, FNS Duguay Trouin, FNS Seine, FNS Forbin and FNS Alsace visited India from 03 – 09 Jan 2025. Upon departure, on 09 Jan 2025, PASSEX was undertaken by IN Ship Mormugao with FN ships Provence and Jacques Chevalier, off Goa. The exercise also included participation of Large Force Engagement (LFE) by IAF aircraft with the CSG.

Combined Maritime Forces (CMF).

IN P8I (Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft) undertook four sorties in support of CMF operations, off the Oman Coast, during the period. IN Ship Tarkash participated in the Focused Operation ‘ANZAC Tiger’ conducted jointly by CTF 150 and CTF 151, from 27 Mar – 04 Apr 2025, off the Oman Coast. During the Operation, Tarkash boarded FV Sina Al Buradi and seized over 2500kg of narcotics. The operation enhanced interoperability in conduct of anti-narcotics operations and fostered maritime partnership with the participating navies.
Royal New Zealand Navy took over the Command of CTF 150 from Pakistan Navy with effect from 15 Jan 2025. Five IN officers have been deputed as part of CTF 150 Rainbow Staff from 04 Jan 2025 onwards. This was the maiden deputation of IN personnel at CMF Headquarters, Bahrain, aimed at enhancing functional linkages with the CMF.
INS Shardul participated in the 05th Multinational Naval Ex Komodo 25, hosted by the Indonesian Navy, at/ off Bali, Indonesia from February 15 – 22, 2025. The ship participated in the International Fleet Review, HADR exercise at sea and harbour, and community outreach programmes during the exercise.
IN P8I (Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft), participated in the flypast during International Fleet Review, at Bali, Indonesia, from 14 – 16 Feb 2025.’
IN Ship Ranvir participated in the 5th edition of IN - BN bilateral Ex Bongosagar, and undertook coordinated patrol with BN, off IMBL, in Northern Bay of Bengal, from 10 – 12 Mar 2025.
Indian Navy & French Navy bilateral exercise Varuna was conducted, off Goa, from 19 – 22 Mar 2025. Advanced Anti-Submarine Warfare and Air Defence exercises were undertaken involving the IN Carrier Battle Group (CBG) and the FN Carrier Strike Group (CSG).
IN - RuFN (Russian Federation) bilateral exercise INDRA was conducted, at/off Chennai, from 25 – 29 Mar 2025. The exercise strengthened the maritime cooperation and interoperability between the two navies.

HADR and SAR

On 04 Jan 2025, based on an input received at Information Fusion Centre - Indian Ocean Region (IFC - IOR) through the resident Malaysian Liaison Officer, Malaysian flagged Sailing Vessel Bit (with 05 Chinese crew onboard), which was running low on fuel, was provided 1000 ltrs of fuel by mission deployed unit INS Kirch, off Campbell Bay, A&N.
On 07 Mar 2025, based on a request by an Iranian dhow off Oman Coast, mission deployed IN ship Tarkash provided medical assistance to an injured crew (Pakistan national), undertook repairs of the RO plant and restored fresh water supply onboard.
On 23 Apr 2025, IN Ship Chennai, rendered medical assistance to a seafarer onboard Marshall Island flagged Oil tanker MV Invictus, in a position approx. 550 nm South East of Eyl, Somalia. Necessary medical aid was rendered to the injured crew, who suffered from third degree burns, due to fire onboard.
Consequent to a devastating earthquake in Myanmar and Thailand on 28 Mar 2025, the first IN ship set sail for Yangon, Myanmar, within 12 hours of the incident with 30 tonnes of relief material, reinforcing the nation’s commitment as the ‘first responder’. As part of Op Brahma, five IN Ships Satpura, Savitri, Karmuk, LCU 52 and Gharial, were deployed for rendering HADR assistance, and delivered an approx. 512 tonnes of relief material.
On 04 Apr 2025, based on inputs received regarding a FV in distress, in position approx. 385 nm South East of Duqm, Oman, mission deployed IN Ship Trikand, rendered medical assistance to a Pakistani national, who suffered a severe fracture with laceration in three fingers of right hand. The ship’s medical team performed surgery lasting three hours including suturing and splinting thereby, rendering patient stable and avoiding amputation. Additionally, medical supplies were also provided to the crew.

Medical Evacuation

On 19 Feb 2025, a request was received from the Iranian side, for medical evacuation of an Iranian cadet onboard Iranian Naval Ship Bushehr (operating in a position approx. 50 nm South of Mumbai), suffering from acute appendicitis. ICGS Arush, deployed in vicinity, was immediately diverted and evacuated the cadet to Mumbai on 20 Feb 2025. The patient was successfully treated at INHS Asvini, Mumbai and was discharged on 25 Feb 2025.
On 21 Mar 2025, a request received from MRCC (Mbi) for MEDEVAC of three crew members, who sustained severe burn injuries crew, onboard Panama Flagged Bulk Carrier MV Heilan Star (IMO No. 9587984). The vessel was operating in position approx. 185 nm North West of Goa. A Sea King helicopter ex – INS Vikrant was launched and evacuated the crew to INS Hansa, Goa. Subsequently, the injured crew were shifted to Goa Medical College for further medical management.
On 13 Jun 2025, IN Ship Sharda and a Sea King Helicopter rendered medical assistance to an Indian crew (unconscious due to loss of blood through stool) onboard Singapore flagged MV Eagle Veracruz. The seafarer was evacuated to Kochi by the Seaking helicopter for further medical management.

Aid to Civil Authorities

On 09 Jan 2025, based on a request from the Govt. of Assam, IN diving team was deputed to Umrangso, Dima Hasao District, Assam to render diving assistance for rescue of 11 miners stranded inside a coal quarry. The team undertook nine hours of diving and six hours of ROV operations in close coordination with NDRF, Army Para SF and local administration. The diving team was de-inducted on 13 Jan 2025.
On 27 Jan 2025, a request was received from Goa State Administration for assistance towards repair of the jammed sluice gate of Amthane Dam, Bardez District, North Goa. IN deployed a diving team, which removed the securing bolts of the sluice gate spindle under challenging conditions, thereby, enabling lifting of the gate. The timely action by the IN diving team averted a drinking water crisis in North Goa.
On 23 Feb 2025, based on a request received from Telangana State administration, a six member IN diving team was deputed to provide assistance in rescuing workers reportedly trapped during the tunnel collapse incident at the Srisailam left bank canal, Telangana. The team was de-inducted on 28 Feb 2025.
On 02 Jun 2025, IN diving team rendered assistance and handed over mortal remains of one drowned tourist from Bandara river, Ponda, Goa to the State Administrative authorities.
On 01 Jun 2025, IN diving team rendered assistance and recovered mortal remains of a Foreign Trainee Officer (Tanzania), ex-Indian Naval Academy, Ezhimala, from Ernakulum Channel, Kochi. The mortal remains were thereafter airlifted to Tanzania, post medical and legal procedures at Kochi.
On 07 Sep 2025, a fire broke out at East India Petrochemicals Limited (EIPL), Visakhapatnam, due to lightning strike on a methanol tank. A Sea King helicopter was deployed, which undertook multiple sorties to drop water and foam over the fire. After sustained efforts, the fire was brought under control.
On 13 Sep 2025, based on a request from the District Collector, North Goa, an IN diving team was deputed to search for a missing person in Zuari River, Agacaim Tiswadi, Goa. The diving team comprising five divers, undertook extensive diving efforts, and recovered the mortal remains on 14 Sep 2025, and handed over the same to the civil police for further action.

Indigenisation Projects

The major milestones and contracts concluded for indigenisation projects under various schemes are enumerated below:

Directorate of Indigenisation is presently pursuing 17 projects in accordance with DPM guidelines. Contracts have been concluded for 16 projects and 01 project is at contract conclusion stage.
IN is progressing 98 problem statements (36 under DISC, 04 under Prime, 08 under ADITI, 01 under INDUS-X, 49 under Open Challenge categories) through 113 startups. Out of a total of 113 startups, contract has been concluded with 98 Start-Ups for 76 projects.
In order to introduce cutting edge technology on board IN platforms, 33 projects are being pursued under the Technology Development Fund scheme. Contract has been concluded for 13 projects at a cost of Rs 48.41 Cr. Two projects are at contract conclusion stage. Formulation of RFP is in progress for 06 projects and 12 projects are at AoN stage.
IN is pursuing a total of 50 ‘Make’ projects in accordance with Chapter III of DAP 2020. Details under various category are as follows:-
- - - - Presently, 29 projects are being steered under ‘Make-II’ category. AoN has been accorded for 15 projects. Prototype development contracts have been concluded for 13 projects and 02 projects are at EoI stage. Remaining 14 projects are under various stages of feasibility study/ AIP stage.
      - Under ‘Make I’, AoN has been accorded for 04 projects and 04 projects are under various stages of feasibility study/ AIP stage. Under ‘Make III’, there are nil projects.
      - 13 Joint Services projects (out of which 11 ‘Make II’, 01 ‘Make III’ and 01 ‘Make I’ joint projects) are being steered with IA and IAF as Lead Services.

Projects under R&D Route

DFPDS-2021 provisions under R&D Head are being effectively utilised to engage with industry and academia and leverage their potential to develop products and to undertake problem solving. IN is working on a number of projects with industry, IITs and academic institutes of repute. A total of 154 cases are being progressed by various professional directorates at NHQ and units at Command level. 89 contracts amounting to Rs 112.63 Cr have already been concluded.

Foreign Cooperation

INS Sunayna, embarked with 44 personnel from nine different countries across the region, was deployed as IOS SAGAR to the East coast of Africa from Apr to May 25. During the deployment, the ship made goodwill visits at Tanzania, Mozambique, Mauritius, Seychelles, and Maldives, and participated in bilateral exercise with the host navies.
The Africa India Key Maritime Engagement (AIKEYME) 2025 was inaugurated on 13 Apr 25 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, marking a significant step in strengthening maritime cooperation between Indian and African nations, under the overarching national vision of ‘MAHASAGAR’. A total of nine African countries (Comoros, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, South Africa and Tanzania) participated in the event.

Empowerment and Welfare of Women

In keeping with Government’s commitment towards upliftment of women, the Indian Navy has opened all branches and specialisations, except submarines, for women to join as officers and Agniveers. Indian Navy became the first Service to leverage Agnipath to tap into the vibrant ‘Nari Shakti’ of the nation’s work force.

Implementation of GoI Initiative – Digital India

Armed Forces Secure Access Card is a tri-Services project, with the Indian Navy as the Lead Service. It is aimed at replacing the existing paper-based I-Cards being used by the three Services. The goal of the project is to establish a robust and technology-driven physical security infrastructure at defence establishments. More than 90,000 Service/ DSC personnel and Defence civilians pan-Navy have already been enrolled for AFSAC.
Under the ‘Mission Karmayogi’ of GoI, online training modules on i-GOT platform have been implemented for all Central Government employees. As a step further, Naval Head Quarters/ DCP in coordination with Karmayogi Bharat, is in the process of uploading customised domain specific e-learning courses specifically for Naval Civilians.

INDIAN AIR FORCE

The IAF remained fully committed to enhancing aerospace power while acquitting itself with flying colours during Op Sindoor that demonstrated its all-round capability to decisively shape military outcomes with precision and speed. Mindful of ongoing technology revolution, IAF has focussed on innovation and adaptability while adhering to the principle of ‘Train Like We Fight’, emphasising inter-Service cooperation and joint planning. Successful integration and exploitation of new systems, weapons and equipment is testament to the IAF’s sustained focus on logistics, maintenance and Aatmanirbharta.

Air Defence

Radars were deployed for active monitoring of Indian airspace. ORPs by fighters were manned round the clock. Additionally, ORP by transport aircraft and helicopters were also maintained to tackle unusual air activity (slow mover). Air Defence operations witnessed a substantial increase during the months of Apr and May 25 and the details are as under:

Integrated Air Command and Control System worked flawlessly and was instrumental in integrating air surveillance picture from all sensors in the country and the same was provided to Army and IN through Akashteer and IMSAS respectively. The fused picture was instrumental in building up Air Situation Picture across the country and ensured seamless and effective Air Defence activities across the Western front.
C-UAS assets from across the country were mobilised along the borders within short span of time. These indigenous C-UAS equipment were effective during the operation and were extensively utilised along the Western front preventing serious damage to IAF bases.
With effect from 07 May 25, a total of 32 airports including Joint User IAF Airfields (JUAs) West of the line joining Leh-Sarsawa-Delhi-Jaipur-Udaipur-Ahmedabad-Bhavnagar-Diu were declared closed for all civil flights. All the 25 international routes to the West of this line were also closed for all civil traffic. Civil Non-scheduled/Flying Training Organisation flights/adventure or leisure air activities/ aerial survey activity of any kind were also prohibited from 07 to 09 May 25. The same was normalised w.e.f. 12 May 25.

Anti-Naxal Task Force Missions

Large scale Anti-Naxal operations were undertaken by IAF helicopters in South Bastar (localized to Koragattalu hills) between 21 Apr to 10 May 25. During the ops, IAF airlifted 2609 troops, 158 tons of load and 18 casualties. The helicopter operations proved to be a lifeline for ground action by Central Armed Police Force (CAPF) that involved elimination of 31 Naxals. Critical supplies in terms of ammunition, food and water were delivered to the troops right at the Naxal infested hills. Insertion and extraction of troops were undertaken concurrently. Safe and effective operations from forward areas to ground zero contributed significantly to the success of CAPFs in these operations.

International Exercises/ Airlift

An air exercise was conducted between the IAF and aircraft on board the French Navy Carrier Strike Group ‘Charles De Gaulle’ on 09 Jan 25 in IOR (off the coast of Goa). The engagement involved fighter aircraft and force enablers of the IAF and the French Carrier Strike Group. In addition, 02 x IL-78 in AAR role and 01 x C-130 in SAR (ARK) role participated in an exercise with French CSG on 09 Jan 25 off Goa coast. The AAR was carried out for IAF fighter ac (04 x Jag of 6 Sqn and 04 x Su-30 of 22 Sqn). One aircrew each from 78 Sqn and 87 Sqn participated in the interaction with French team on 08 Jan 25.
One C-295 was utilised for airlift of IA contingent and load to Maldives for participation in Ex Ekuverin. Induction of IA contingent (45 personnel and 2.0T load) was carried out on 01 Feb 25 and de-induction on 16 Feb 25.
Two IL-78 participated in TROPEX (Joint Work-up Phase) from 03 to 06 Feb 25. These were utilised to provide AAR to IAF receivers. One IL-78 participated in the main phase of the exercise from 18 Feb to 02 Mar 25 while operating from Sulur. Another IL-78 participated in the main phase of the exercise from 24 Feb to 02 Mar 25 while operating from Goa. AAR was carried out for both IAF and IN receivers.
One C-17 was tasked for airlift of IA contingent to Japan for participation in Ex Dharma Guardian-25. Induction of IA contingent (120 personnel and 22.0T load) was carried out on 22-24 Feb 25. De-induction was carried out on 08-10 Mar 25.
IAF successfully participated in Ex Iniochos-25 in Andravida, Greece from 31 Mar to 11 Apr 25. 02 x IL-78 ac were utilised for AAR support for ferry of 04 x Su-30 of 8Sqn from Jamnagar to Cairo (West) on 24 Apr 25. 01 x IL-78 operated from Abu Dhabi as pull tanker while 01 x IL-78 operated from Naliya as push tanker. 02 x C-17 were utilised for airlift of load and exercise contingent from Adampur to Andravida, Greece from 21 Mar to 26 Mar 25.
India-Uzbekistan Joint Ex Dustlik-2025 was conducted at FTN Aundh, Pune from 15-28 April 2025. Mi-17 and Garud participated in the exercise.
IAF participated in Ex Tiger Triumph (tri-Service HADR exercise with US with IN as Lead Service) at Vishakhapatnam from 01 to 14 Apr 25. C-130J and Mi-17 V5 along with Garuds and Rapid Air Medical Team participated in the exercise. IAF also participated in two SMEEs.
IAF successfully participated in Ex Desert Flag-10 at Al-Dhafra, UAE from 17 Apr-12 May 25 with MiG-29 and Jaguar aircraft along with 159 IAF personnel.
India and US Air Forces Special Forces Joint Exercise named Ex Tiger Claw 25 was conducted at various locations in North India from 26 May to 09 Jun 25. It is the first ever independent Air Forces SF Exercise between India and the USA. A total 113 jumps were carried out by C-130J of IAF and USAF.
Indian Army participated in Exercise YudhAbhyas in USA, from 27 Aug 25 to 19 Sep 25. One C-17 aircraft was utilised for induction of the Indian Army contingent and cargo, comprising 50 personnel and 24 tons of load. Ferry in and de-induction was completed on 21 Sep 25.
A Tri-service contingent from India participated in Ex Bright Star at Egypt from 28 Aug 25 to 10 Sep 25. IAF participated with Su-30 MKI & C-130-J aircraft along with 227 personnel. C-130J aircraft participated in the exercise for airborne ops (static line and Combat Free Fall). Two IL-78, two C-17 and one IL-76 aircraft were tasked for induction and de-induction of the contingent.
IAF participated in the exercise Ex Desert Knight 25.1 with UAE and France on 02 Sep 25 in IOR.

National Exercises

One IL-76 was utilised to airlift the AFSOD team from Yelahanka to Goa on 03 Mar 25. Two An-32 of SAC participated in the exercise at Goa and carried out air landed operations on 05 Mar 25 at Agatti and CFF at Kavaratti on 06 Mar 25. The de-induction of AFSOD team to Yelahanka was carried out by 01 x C-17 on 08 Mar 25.
In pursuit of operational excellence and joint preparedness, IAF conducted the exercise MahaGujRaj-25 from 28 Oct to 11 Nov 25 in the Western Sector.

HADR Operations (National)

On a very short notice, one C-130 airlifted IN divers’ team with specialist equipment from Vishakhapatnam to Kumbhirgram on 07 Jan 25. The team along with 3T equipment was then airlifted by Mi-17 from Kumbhirgram to accident site at Umrangsho in Dima Haso district of Assam. One Mi-17 also airlifted one heavy duty pump along with operators from Kumbhirgram to accident site on 08 Jan 25. One C-130 airlifted a 4T heavy duty suction pump of Coal India Limited, Chandrapur along with six operators from Nagpur to Kumbhirgram on night of 08/09 Jan 25. Mi-17 thereafter moved the equipment from Kumbhirgram to accident site in two shuttles on 09 Jan 25
Two Chetak helicopters were utilised for airlift of NDRF team of three personnel from Hakimpet to Sri Salem on 23 Feb 25. One Mi-17 was kept on standby at Yelahanka for NDRF load. Two dogs with four handlers of Kerala SDRF were airlifted by An-32 aircraft from Kochi to Hakimpet in the early morning hours of 05 Mar 25. These were then airlifted by two Chetak Helicopters to the helipad at tunnel site Domelpetta.
On 28 Feb 25, a tragedy struck Mana, Uttarakhand, when part of a glacier disintegrated and fell on a BRO labour camp. As part of rescue missions, IAF pressed various transport aircraft and helicopters into action viz., Do-228, Mi-17 and Cheetah between 28 Feb 25 and 03 Mar 25. The Do-228 was utilised to airlift DIBODS equipment and operators from Delhi to Dehradun. Mi-17 helicopters operated from Dehradun/ Gaucher to Joshimath and the Cheetah helicopter operated between Joshimath and Mana. IAF facilitated airlift of 90 NDRF/ SDRF/ ITBP personnel including DIBODS operators, 05 casualties, 02 mortal remains and 2.15T load during the rescue mission.
Mi-17 1V of IAF was utilised to rescue 14 stranded people in Tinsukia district of Assam on 01 Jun 25.
Mi-17 V5 of IAF were utilised to airlift 30 personnel and 1.7T of relief load of NDRF from Bagdogra to Chhaten on 03 Jun 25.

Casualty Evacuation

One civilian patient of UT Ladakh was airlifted from Leh to Chandigarh on 22 Apr 25.
Four CASEVAC missions were flown during operations conducted during Op Triveni in Apr 25.
On request of Govt UT J&K, helicopter effort was provided towards 19 casualty evacuations.
Helicopter effort was provided to airlift mortal remains of Rfn (GD) late Ranjeet Singh Kashyap of 33 Assam Rifles along with one JCO from Raipur to Jagdalpur on 22 Sep 25.

HADR Operations (International)

One C-17 aircraft of 81 Sqn was utilised to airlift 286 Indians from Maesot, Thailand on 10 Mar 25. These Indians were rescued from Myanmar (SE Asia Cyber Fraud Racket) by MEA. Airlift was provided from the nearest airbase Maesot, Thailand to Hindan. On next day, 11 Mar 25, another C-17 was utilised to airlift the next lot of 266 Indians. IAF also ensured provisioning of administrative support to teams from MEA and MHA for disbursement of evacuees after arrival at Hindan.
C-17 aircraft of IAF were utilised for evacuation of Indian diaspora in the wake of Iran-Israel war. First C-17 ac airlifted 171 passengers on 23-24 Jun 25 from Jordan while the second C-17 airlifted 264 passengers from Egypt. Third C-17 airlifted 224 passengers from Egypt from 24 to 25 Jun 25.
C-130 aircraft of IAF was utilised to airlift officer of IA from Kathmandu to Delhi on 24 May 25 due to a medical emergency.
C-130 and C-17 airlifted 177 Tons of relief material and 198 personnel towards HADR Ops in the wake of Myanmar earthquake.

Tri-service Integration

Inspection and Safety branch of the IAF is spearheading the adoption of common aviation standards for all three Services. It achieved a significant milestone by publishing the first ever framework for common aviation standards in form of common Tri-service Order on ‘Categorisation and Instrument Rating Scheme for Aircrew’.
Modalities of formation of Common Aerospace Safety Organisation for the three Services was approved on 26 Jul 24. Cross postings of one IAF officer each to Flight Safety Directorates of IA and IN have been effected on 03 Mar 25. Reciprocal postings from IA and IN will be effected in near future.
Inter-Service Integration of Maintenance and Logistics Management is being progressed for common assets through the aegis of Principal Maintenance Officers Committee (PMOC) under HQ IDS. In the related context, the DMA Task Directive 2/2024 on Inter-Service Integration of Maintenance and Inventory Management (Air Assets) - Sanrakshan Samanavay has been issued with the concurrence of CDS & Secy DMA on 11 Mar 24.
Inspection and Safety branch of IAF is spearheading adoption of common aviation standards. A significant milestone was achieved by carrying out joint examinations in the three Services by AEB, AIRCATS and GEB teams under the frame work of common aviation standards. Combined simulator training for pilots of IAF, Indian Navy, Indian Army and Indian Coast Guard was conducted, thus promoting interoperability and cooperation. Additionally, common service terminologies have been established which enable efficient conduct of flying tests and enhance overall synergy among the Services.
Efforts towards integration of MM ERP & IM ERP is underway through operationalisation efforts of tri-Services Logistics Management Application (TLMA) & tri-service Logistic and Maintenance Management Application (TLMMA) over the Joint Communication Architecture (JCA).
HQ IDS had given directions to IA as the Lead Service to convene a Board to finalise modalities of common ammunition storage in tri-Services. Air armament stores of IAF not requiring environment control were proposed for storage at IA Ammunition Depots.

Indigenisation/Aatmanirbharta Drive

To foster the self-reliance initiative of the Government and reduce imports, MoD has promulgated five Positive Indigenisation Lists (PIL) comprising 509 items to be indigenised. Out of the 138 lines of items pertaining to IAF, 27 lines belong to Maintenance Branch feature in fourth and fifth PILs. 13 lines out of the 27 lines have been indigenised and remaining 14 lines are at various stages of indigenisation.
The impetus on indigenisation over the last decade has resulted in indigenisation of approximately 76,000 lines of spares. 1,482 spares have been indigenised during production year 2024-25 and 328 lines have been indigenised in the current PY (till date). Total Foreign Exchange (FE) savings for 2024-25 is approximately ₹406.15 Cr. In the current year, FE savings of ₹317.33 Cr has been achieved till date.
IAF is undertaking niche technology development in the turf of unmanned and autonomous aerial vehicles through its innovative initiative Mehar Baba Competition (MBC). The MBC is a forerunner in bridging the gap between Indian industry, academia, and users by providing them common platforms. The first version of this competition was successfully completed with award of ₹300 Cr order to an Indian Start Up for development of Swarm Drone enabled system. The second edition of the competition has been concluded on 29 Jul 24 and winners of the competition were felicitated at Aero India-2025 by RRM Shri Sanjay Seth and Development Fund of more than ₹2 Cr to each team has been awarded by the IAF. After the successful completion of two editions of this competition, MBC-3 has been announced which is aimed at encouraging research and development in the field of niche technologies to promote ‘Aatmanirbharta’.
IAF has been successful in creating an efficient and robust defence manufacturing eco system in RPA/Drone/SAM systems to enhance military capability. The top five winners of Mehar Baba Competition-I have got orders worth Rs 800 crore from the three Services while teams from the top 20 have got orders worth Rs 200 crore. These teams employ more than 700 persons in high value jobs. In addition, the participants have got orders from various organisations for delivery of similar drones for utilisation in other fields such as Logistics, Medicines, Agriculture etc. The competition has given impetus to the growth of indigenous drone industry to make India a Drone Hub by 2030, in line with vision of the PM.

Self-Reliance Efforts by IAF through IGA/JV

Currently, there are three Make-III projects going on under JV/ToT with foreign OEM at various stages. IAF has identified 223 lines of spares for manufacturing/ ROH in India under IGA. Towards this, two JVs and one MoU have been signed. An IGA on ‘Mutual Cooperation in Joint Manufacturing of Spares, Components, Aggregates and other materials related to Russian/Soviet origin Arms and Defence Equipment’ was signed during the 20th India-Russia Bilateral Summit held at Vladivostok on 04 Sep 2019. The progress achieved and efforts made under the frame work of IGA Russia are elucidated below:
IAF has identified 223 lines of spares for manufacturing/ROH in India. Out of the 223 lines, Space Era, Hyderabad has formed JV with PJSC Kret for 24 lines. Supply Order for ₹207 Cr has been placed on Space Era, Hyderabad. Out of 159 items Joint Receipt Inspection (JRI) for 146 items has been completed and 13 items were found unserviceable during JRI.
JV with Magnum Aerospace Solutions Pvt Ltd and Rubin Aviation Corporation for 76 lines of spares for Wheels, Brakes and Hub for IL series, Mi-17 series and An-32 ac. IAF is in the process of placing supply order for the required lines under IGA guidelines.
MoU for three lines of Su-30 (Air to Air Heat Exchanger, Combined Control Panel & Dehydrator) has been signed between M/s Magnum Aviation Ltd and PJSC UAC on 15 Aug 23. HAL has informed that Combined Control Panel & Dehydrator has been indigenised. JV for Air to Air Heat Exchanger between Russian OEM & M/s Magnum Aviation Ltd is under progress.
RFP for ten lines of Su-30 ac for ROH were forwarded to AA, Moscow and DPO (ICE-1) for sharing with Russian OEMs on 22 Jan 24. AA Moscow has intimated that the RFP has been issued to NASC and OEM (PJSC UAC) vide AA/MOS/JV (IGA) dated 12 Feb 24. The response by Russian OEMs is awaited.

Nation Building

IAF was tasked to achieve plantation 7,50,000 trees by 26 Jan 25. The same has been achieved under ‘EK Ped Maa Ke Naam’ campaign within the stipulated time.
Mi-17 was provided for airlift of Hon’ble Governor of Assam along with three officials from LGBI Airport Guwahati to Lakhimpur, Narayanpur HS Field on 02 Apr 25
Mi-17 was provided for airlift of Hon’ble Governor of UT of J&K from Jammu to 4 RR Helipad, Bhaderwah District Doda and back on 17 Apr 25.
IAF provided Helicopter effort for airlift of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama and his entourage from Sindhu Ghat, Leh to Padum, Zanskar on 21 Jul 25 with return on 26 Jul 25.
Three Cheetal helicopters of 114 HU were provided for airlift of Hon’ble Lt Governor of Ladakh and his entourage from Leh to Padum and back on 20 Sep 25.

MoU with 13 Banks

MoU with 13 banks has been signed for upgraded additional benefits under ‘Defence Salary Package’ (DSP) Bank accounts held by Air Warriors, NCs(E), Agniveervayu, Air Veterans, Veer Naris and families. Special drive was launched to convert normal Savings Bank account into DSP account. Few banks have upgraded the features in DSP account like air accident insurance death cover, personal accident insurance cover, permanent and partial disability cover, education benefits for dependent children of deceased, air ambulance facility, marriage of girl child, medical checkup and medical insurance etc.

Procurements/Inductions

IAF has contracted for C-295 MW aircraft from Airbus Defence and Space. Two squadrons have been equipped with the aircraft. The first domestically manufactured C-295 is likely to be delivered in 2026. The C-295 simulator has also been operationalised.
During FY 2025-26 MoD has allocated ₹64,811.68 Cr towards IAF Capital Budget. Out of which Capital Acquisition is ₹59,646.83 Cr and Capital Works is ₹5,164.85 Cr.
During FY 2025-26, MoD has allocated ₹55,000.00 Cr towards IAF Revenue Budget. Out of this ₹24,000.00 Cr is for Salary Head and ₹ 31,000.00Cr is for other than Salary (OTS) segment.

HQ INTEGRATED DEFENCE STAFF

HQ IDS put in concerted efforts in strengthening jointness and integration among the defence forces. In particular, lessons learnt from ongoing Op Sindoor and various exercises were analysed and implemented/ being progressed for implementation. Particular mention is made of a number of foundational initiatives taken to enhance jointness and integration that include promulgation of eight new Joint Doctrines/ Manuals, issuance of a number of Joint Orders/ Instructions for compliance by all defence forces, promulgation of Defence Procurement Manual 2025, impetus to Multi Domain Operations (MDO) with enhanced focus on cyber & space domains, and infusing greater synergy of defence forces with academia and industry (including MSMEs).

Capability Development / Aatmanirbharta

Armed Forces are a vital instrument of power in the grand strategic vision of India as articulated in Vision India 2047. The Armed Forces Vision 2047 is centred on transforming the Armed Forces into a modern, agile, self-reliant and technologically superior force capable of guarding and planning national interests and contribute towards Viksit Bharat. Keeping this aim in mind, the Armed Forces Vision 2047 has been prepared in two parts; Part I of this document will be released publicly in the near future.
HQ IDS progressed capital acquisition cases of the three Services and CG at various stages of RFI, SQRs and SoC, with an aim to ensure commonality and interoperability. Since 01 Jan 25, 350 capital acquisition cases have been examined and being progressed.
A detailed study on Emergency Procurements has been carried out to highlight critical operational gaps being addressed through Emergency Procurements. The Study covers major acquisitions, focus areas and alignment with the Annual Acquisition Plan (AAP) for all Emergency Procurements from 2019-2025.
Raksha Yantra application is used for maintaining and updating the database of capital acquisition schemes and carrying out various analysis related to trends in capital acquisition and capability development of the three Services. The application is also being utilised towards digitisation of Service Procurement Board (SPB) proceedings. Presently, certain pre-AoN activities i.e. updating of e-SoCs by Service HQs, sharing of online meeting notices along with agenda points of SPB, issue of draft and final minutes of meeting are conducted online using the Raksha Yantra network. The application provides insights to each Service on schemes being pursued by other sister Services thereby facilitating jointness an integration.
Several policy initiatives and reforms have been undertaken to encourage indigenous design, development and manufacture of defence equipment to promote self-reliance in defence manufacturing and technology. These, initiatives include according priority to procurement of capital items of Buy (Indian-IDDM) category from domestic sources under Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP-2020).
Annual Acquisition Plan for capital acquisitions is formulated by HQ IDS, based on inputs from Army, Navy, Air Force and the Joint Staff Organisations (JSO). The Annual Acquisition Plan for the period 2025-27 has been formulated by HQ IDS and was promulgated on 22 May 25.
During the past three years, significant impetus has been given to scientific studies for determining the optimal requirement of various equipment. Major capital acquisitions are being funnelled through an ORSA study to achieve optimisation and joint capability development. Two ORSA studies have been completed during the period Jan to Nov 25 thus contributing to capability development and savings to exchequer.

Jointness and Integration/Tri-Service Synergy

197 initiatives have been identified to enhance jointness and integration under the verticals of Operations and Intelligence, Capability Development, Communications & IT, Op Logistics, Training, Maintenance Support, Human Resources, Admin and Legal.

Joint Services Training Institutes (JSTIs) have been raised to optimise joint training in domains common to the three Services. JSTIs function on ‘Lead Service’ concept and five JSTIs have already started functioning. These include Intelligence (lead - Army) at Pune, CBRN (lead - Army) at FCBRNP Pune, Law (lead - Army) at New Delhi, Music (lead - Army) at Pachmarhi & Catering (lead – Navy) at Mumbai. Two joint pilot courses for JSTI (Cyber) on Advance Cyber Warfare have been conducted at Information Warfare school, Bangalore. Additionally, Tri-service Advanced Cyber Warfare course under the umbrella of Multi Domain Operations (MDO) has also been conducted at MCTE/HQ Army Training Command. Finalisation of JSTI Cyber is at an advanced stage. Additionally, studies for establishment of JSTI MRSAM, Helicopter Flying Training & Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Repair and Maintenance Training are under progress.
17 Women cadets passed out form NDA on 30 May 2025 as part of 148th NDA course. 15 women cadets of the 149th NDA course graduated on 30 Nov 25.
Keeping in mind the evolving nature of warfare driven by the rise of technology and hybrid threats demands continuous adaptation and lessons from contemporary conflicts, a Future Warfare Course has been commenced to equip officers of the defence forces to adeptly fight future wars. The course also advances interdisciplinary expertise in MDO. Structured as a four-week programme, this rank agnostic course through rigorous academic and practical modules strengthens jointness and integration.
Ran Samwad is conceptualised as conversations on war, warfare and war fighting among the practitioners of war. It focuses on how war is likely to be fought in future, and accordingly doctrines that need to be developed, capabilities that need to be built and the modification/transformation our war fighting concepts, equipment, training and organisation. In this context, A seminar ‘Ran Samwad’ was organised by HQ IDS & Army War College (AWC), Mhow from 23-27 Aug 2025. The seminar included FDAs from Friendly Foreign Countries (FFC) namely, Australia, Bangladesh, Burundi, France, Germany, Malaysia, Mongolia, Netherlands, Oman, South Korea, Sri Lanka, USA, Vietnam and Zambia.

Space Domain

Satellite constellations provided rapid imagery and secure communications for HADR missions. Integration of remote sensing and GIS helped disaster management teams with real-time assessment and distribution of aid resources during major events in 2025.

Indigenisation and R&D

Research collaboration with national research organisations as a whole-of-nation approach would greatly facilitate Services in utilisation of expertise available with these organisations to induct and adopt technology. Accordingly, HQ IDS has been progressing collaboration with Council of Scientific Research (CSIR), Dept of Science of Technology (DST) and IITs/ NIITs. MoU for R&D collaboration was signed between CSIR and HQ IDS on 23 Nov 23 and with DST on 21 Mar 25.
Directorate of Indigenisation under the aegis of HQ IDS is coordinating development of ‘Digital Database of Indian Defence Industry’ by M/s KPMG. The data application will host products and contact details of companies/firms involved in manufacturing/supplying the items required by the Services in a structured format. This initiative aims to bring together India’s defence industry, R&D, academia and start-ups to map and develop competencies across the defence sector.

Technology Perspective and Capability Roadmap 2025

TPCR-2025 outlines the technological requirements and capability roadmap of the Services covering a period of 15 years and is aimed at establishing a level playing field for both public and private sector defence industry. The document facilitates Indian defence industry to plan allocation of resources for R&D, manpower and infrastructure development in key technology areas. TPCR-2025 was released by RM during the tri-Service seminar ‘Ran Samwad’ and is hosted on MoD website.

Global Industry Interactions

Post implementation of the policy framework for Indian industries to design, develop and manufacture all types of military systems and platforms, collaboration with foreign industries to undertake co-development, share technologies and manufacture in India has been encouraged to meet India’s own needs and exports. Accordingly, a total of 28 global industry meetings to enhance Industry-Service alignment and facilitate joint ventures that emphasise ToT, manufacturing in India and export from India.

Civil Military Fusion

Op Sindoor not only showcased how victory was possible through jointness but also illustrated the need for a robust civil-military fusion for strengthening national security, imbibe niche technology and thus effectively face future challenges. A detailed study on civil military fusion has been carried out in conjunction with Think Tanks, Service HQs and concerned MoD departments.

Infrastructure and Tech Developments

Modernised labs have been established on Robotics, AI Hub, Drone Lab and Underwater Research Centre to enhance learning value for the students at Military Institute of Technology.

Military Diplomacy and Foreign Training/ Exercises

12 Friendly Countries’ military delegations visited India in the current year. Training visits conducted include the following:

S No	Delegation	Visit Duration
	Algeria	05-12 Feb 25
	Armenia	11-12 Mar 25
	Australia	16-20 Nov 25
	Cameroon	03-12 Jul 25
	Germany	13-20 Dec 25
	Indonesia	23-27 Feb 25
	Japan	08-13 Jun 25
	Mongolia	25-31 May 25
	Netherlands	22-27 Jun 25
	Philippines	27-31 Oct 25
	Sri Lanka	04-14 Aug 25
	UK	10-11 Sep 25

98 officers of friendly countries have been/are being trained in Armed Forces Training Institutes in the year 2025. 175 officers of all three Services are undergoing/ will be undergoing courses in friendly countries for capability enhancement, in niche technology and career courses.
During RM’s visit to Australia in Oct 25, for the inaugural India-Australia Defence Ministers dialogue, the two nations signed Implementing Agreement (IA) on Defence Information Analytical Cooperation on 09 Oct 25. Focused on defence related Information exchange, this maiden agreement was signed by CISC on behalf of HQ IDS in presence of the RM.
Ex Tiger Triumph is a Joint Bilateral Tri-Services Amphibious HADR Ex conducted annually between India and US defence forces. The exercise was conducted from 01-13 Apr 25 at Vizag. This was the first iteration of Ex Tiger Triumph which included participation from cyber representatives from both countries.
Exercise Bright Star is a multilateral exercise hosted by Egypt since 1980. A tri-Service Indian contingent participated in the exercise from 27 Aug to 10 Sep 25.
The third Youth Exchange Programme instituted in the honour of Late Gen Bipin Rawat, the first CDS was held from 13-26 Oct 25 which involved 15 young military officers from India and Australia learning from each other and through interactions and visits to premier Service institutions, DPSUs and civil defence manufacturers.

Visits of higher military leadership, including CDS & CISC, to Friendly Countries are enumerated below:

CDS Gen Anil Chauhan visited Australia from 04-07 Mar 25. During the visit, CDS interacted with Admiral David Johnston, CDF Australia and was briefed by Australia’s Chief of Services Committee. The discussions focused on defence exports to Australia, strategic & operational information sharing, air domain awareness and widening of strategic interests to include tri-lateral engagements with Indonesia.
The International Institute for Strategic Studies conducted the 22nd Shangri-La Dialogue at Singapore from 30 May to 01 Jun 25. CDS was invited to speak on ‘Defence Innovation Solutions for Future Challenges’. Apart from Special Sessions, bilateral meetings with dignitaries of Australia, France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, UK and USA were also conducted.
CDS visited Indonesia from 27-30 October 2025 during which interactions were held with the Minister of Defence of Indonesia, senior hierarchy of Indonesian armed forces and defence industry. Both nations share a common vision on regional and maritime security and agreed to enhance bilateral defence engagements.
CISC Air Mshl Ashutosh Dixit visited Sri Lanka from 05-06 Jun 2025 as part of the delegation to attend 8th Annual Defence Dialogue headed by Defence Secretary Shri Rajesh Kumar Singh. Bilateral meetings with Sri Lankan dignitaries viz, Secretary of Defence, Commander of the Air Force & Commandant, National Defence College were conducted.
CISC visited Australia from 26-27 Jul 25 to attend the Chief of Joint Operations Conclave at Darwin. The conclave consisted of series of bilateral and multilateral strategic interactions with policy experts, academia and senior military functionaries covering aspects such as military preparedness interoperability, hybrid threat resilience and economic self-sufficiency.
The Indian delegation led by CISC participated in the Indo-Pacific Chiefs of Defence Conference from 26-28 Aug 25 at Hua Hin, Thailand. The conference was conducted with an aim to broader defence cooperation, advance maritime collaboration, deepen professional military exchanges & to explore new domains of partnership in Indo-Pacific Region. The conference included lectures & bilateral talks between participating countries.
CISC visited Myanmar as part of Defence Secretary led delegation for the 2nd Indo-Myanmar Annual Defence Dialogue held at Nay Pyi Taw from 25-26 Sep 2025. The objective of the visit was to strengthen defence engagement and enhance bilateral military relations.
DG DIA & DCIDS (Int) led delegation visited Japan from 24-26 Sep 25 to participate in the 18th Indo-Pacific Intelligence Chiefs Conference (IPICC). In addition to participation in IPICC, the opportunity was utilised to hold bilateral interactions with 12 countries viz. Australia, France, Japan, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, RoK, Sri Lanka, Thailand, UK and USA. The forum was also utilised to highlight the cross border state sponsored terrorism by Pakistan.

Visits of higher military leadership from friendly nations to India are enumerated below:

Chief of Defence Force, Royal Thai Armed Forces Gen Songwit Noonpackdee along with delegation members visited India from 21-24 Jan 25 that included defence industrial visit.
Algeria’s Minister Delegate to the National Defence Minister, Chief of Staff Gen Said Chanegriha along with delegation members visited India from 05-12 Feb 25. Industrial visits were conducted to familiarise the visiting delegation of myriad defence manufacturing capability of India.
Commander, Malawi Defence Force Gen Paul Valentino Phiri along with delegation members visited India from 16-18 Feb 25 and also interacted with the CDS. The delegation visited National Defence College, Delhi and were familiarised with Indian Training Institutes & UN Peace Keeping Ops.
First Deputy Minister of Defence, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan Lt Gen Sultan Kamaletdinov along with delegation members visited India from 10-14 Aug 25. Various industrial tours and meets were conducted to familiarise the delegation with indigenous defence manufacturing capability.
Chief of General Staff, Royal Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia Gen Fayyad Bin Hamed Al-Ruwaili along with delegation members visited India from 02-04 Dec 25. Round Table Conference was conducted at Manekshaw Centre on 03 Dec 2025. Matters of mutual interest on defence cooperation, military exercises & logistics support were discussed.

HADR Operations and Exercises.

With an aim to collaborate & synergise, medical officers from various medical establishments of defence forces have been part of joint HADR exercises conducted by NDMA. These exercises are undertaken at the State/UT level with the involvement of SDRF/UTDRF & NDRF. Medical officers from co-located units/hospitals were nominated to participate in the exercises as observers. 32 HADR exercises were conducted during the period from Jan 25 to Nov 25.

International / National HADR Exercises

The 44th edition of Exercise Cobra Gold was held in Bangkok, Thailand from 04 Feb to 05 Mar 25. A Tri-Service team of 21 personnel participated in the same.
India-Maldives HADR Exercise was held in Maldives from 05-07 May 25. Indian Navy was the lead agency and a Tri-Service contingent participated in the Exercise.
Two officers participated in Exercise Coordinated Response from 28-30 Oct 25 and ADMM Plus Experts Working Group on HADR from 31 Oct to 01 Nov 25 respectively at Singapore.
Details of HADR operations/ activities conducted in the nation and coordinated by HQ IDS from Jan 25 to date are as under:-

Date	HADR Ops
06 Jan	Rescue Operations at Coal Quarry, Umrangso, Assam
24 Jan	Aid to Civil Auth by IN Diving team at Amthane Dam in Bicholim, Goa
22 Feb	Telangana Tunnel Collapse
28 Feb	Mana avalanche, Uttarakhand
28 Mar	Earthquake in Myanmar
June	Evacuation of Indian nationals from Israel
02 Jul	Flood Relief Aid in Mandi, HP
05 Aug	Flash Flood Dharali / Uttarkashi
13 Aug	Flash Flood at Hojis Lungpa Nala, Pooh
14 Aug	Kathua
14 Aug	Cloudburst in Kistwar, J & K
18 Aug	Flood Relief Ops in Nanded, Maharashtra
22 Aug	Flood Relief in Rajasthan
23 Aug	Cloud Burst in Tharali / Uttarkashi
26 Aug	Landslide in Vashno Devi
	Flood Relief in Jammu
	Flood Relief in Mamun sector, Pathankot
27 Aug	Flood Relief Ops in Medak, Telangana
27 Aug	Relief Ops in Punjab
29-30 Oct	Cyclone Montha
04 Nov	Hurricane Melissa, Jamaica
06-07 Nov	Repatriation of Indian nationals from Myanmar via Mae Sot, Thailand

Joint Doctrine/ Primers/ Publications released by HQ IDS from Jan 25 to Nov 25 are as under:

Joint Doctrines/ Primers	Release Details
Joint Doctrine for Cyberspace Operations (JP 2.01 (U)) (UNCLAS)	Released on 07 Aug 25 by COSC
Joint Doctrine for Amphibious Operations (JP 2.02 (U)) (UNCLAS)	Released on 07 Aug 25 by COSC
Joint Primer for Integrated Logistics (JP 2.03)	Released on 09 Aug 25 by CDS at College of Defence Management (CDM)
Joint Doctrine for Airborne and Heliborne Operations (JP 2.04)	Released on 27 Aug 25 by COSC during Ran Samwad
Joint Doctrine for Special Forces Operations (JP 2.05)
Joint Doctrine for Multi Domain Operations (JP 2.06)
Joint Military Space Doctrine (JP 2.07)	Released on 16 Sep 25 by Hon’ble RM
Joint Services Staff Duties Manual (JSSD) Volume I & II	Release on 17 Apr 25 by Vice Chiefs Committee

MILITARY ENGINEER SERVICES

In line with the Government’s vision of improving effectiveness, Ease of Doing Business, Make in India, improving standards of living, transparency, a large number of regulatory/procedural documents have been revised. Some of the major improvements are as under:

Post approval of adoption of New Construction Technologies in MES projects by DMA, the MES has undertaken incorporation of NCTs with an aim of reducing construction timelines, improving quality standards and ensuring superior finishes in numerous projects. On date, a total of 96 projects, amounting to approx. ₹1900 Cr are at various stages of planning /execution.
Revised policy for Enlistment of Engineering Consultants for MES has been promulgated by E-in-C’s Branch on 28 Feb 25
Advisory on adoption of BIM in MES projects over ₹100 Cr has been promulgated by E-in-C’s Branch on 10 Mar 25.
Amendment for policy of approval of CMPT for use in MES Works has been promulgated by E-in-C’s Branch on 17 Apr 25.

MES is progressing implementation of several e-governance applications. In addition to existing web applications, the Chief of Army Staff has launched the following applications on 21 Aug 25:

e-MB application has been developed for digital recording of Bill of Quantities for Works/ services, thereby forming basis of payment to contractors.
MES Integrated Monitoring and Arbitration Management Software, a pioneering cloud-based arbitration management system, has been developed to streamline the complete process of arbitration in MES from appointing of arbitrators, monitoring arbitration proceedings till implementation/ challenge of award.
With the rising clientele, aspirations and inclusion of modern tech advancements in dental services, a case was taken up with DMA for amendment in the Scales of Accommodation of Dental Platoon in Field Hospital. Amendment for same, duly incorporating Dental lab and enhanced norms for dental services, has been approved and promulgated on 17 Sep 25.

Energy Conservation Initiative

MES commitment to sustainability and green practices has been steadfast. MES has set up 140 MW of Solar Power Plants across 128 stations, resulting in annual saving of over ₹100 Crore. In addition, rooftop solar projects of 20 MW under the PM Suryaghar Muft Bijli Yojana are underway at 59 stations.

Projects Completed

Operational infrastructure at various locations for the three Services amounting to a total of Rs 1041.47 Cr was completed during the year.
Training infrastructure Works at various locations amounting to Rs 20.73 Cr was completed.
Works related to health care and support facilities amounting to Rs 42.79 Cr was completed.

Projects Under Progress

Thal Sena Bhawan: The subject work was sanctioned for an amount of Rs 747.84 Cr. Present progress of the work is at 80% and project is likely to be completed soon.
Technical Accommodation for 155 Base Hospital, Tejpur: The subject work was sanctioned for an amount of Rs 112.82 Cr. Present progress of the work is 98%.
Induction of Boeing 777, Air Force Station Palam: The Administrative Approval amount of the work was Rs 195.34 crore. Present progress of work is 72%.

INDIAN COAST GUARD

Operation Sindoor

The Indian Coast Guard (ICG), along with Indian Navy, mobilised assets and intensified surveillance along India’s Western Seaboard, strengthening coastal defence/ security and contributed to deterrence against hostile maritime threats/intent in sensitive areas. For creek sector, ICG alongwith concerned stakeholders maintained necessary surveillance/preparedness for mobilisation of ground forces.

Anti-smuggling & Narcotics Control Operations

On 29 Jan 25, ICG seized 53.62 Kilograms of Cannabis (Ganja) worth ₹ 60 Lakhs, near Indo-Sri Lankan IMBL. The seized narcotics was handed over to Customs for further legal action.
On 12 Feb 25, ICG Ship seized 2000 kg of Dry Ginger worth ₹ 10 Lakhs from Muthupettai, TN. The consignment was handed over to Tamil Nadu Police for further legal action.
On 05 Mar 25, on receipt of information from DRI, ICG intercepted Tug TB Shwe Lin Yone alongwith dumb barge (COMARCO 2101) (with 09 crew) off Kanyakumari and recovered two suspicious bags containing 29 packets of Hashish Oil (29.950 kg) worth ₹ 32.94 Crore. Additionally, 10 mobile phones and one satellite phone were also seized from the vessel. The tug, barge and crew alongwith consignment were handed over to DRI, Tuticorin for further legal action.
On 12 & 13 Apr 25, ICG in a joint operation with Gujarat ATS, seized 307.50 kg narcotic worth ₹1800 Crore off Gujarat coast. The seized consignments were handed over to ATS for further legal action.
On 21 Apr 25, ICG seized 302 kg of Tendu Leaves off Indo Sri Lanka IMBL. The seized consignments were handed over to Customs Department, Rameshwaram for further legal action.
On 06 May 25, ICG carried out an anti-narcotics operation off Indo-Sri Lanka IMBL and seized 155 kg Tendu Leaves from 2nd Island (off Dhunshkodi). The seized consignments was handed over to Customs, Rameshwaram for further legal action.
On 11 Sep 25, ICG carried out a anti-narcotics operation and seized 96 Kg Tendu Leaves and 118 kg Dry Ginger from 3rd Island, Dhanushkodi. The seized consignment was handed over to Customs for further legal action.

Anti-poaching Operations

In early Feb 25, ICG conducted anti-poaching operations, wherein security forces apprehended Five Myanmarese Poachers with two conventional dinghies from Landfall Island/ Creek and seized 400 Kilograms Sea Cucumber. The apprehended dinghies and poachers were handed over to A&N Police, Diglipur for further investigation/ disposal.
On 11 Mar 25, ICG C-428 whilst on patrol apprehended one Myanmarese fishing boat alongwith 14 crew in position 15 n miles West of Rutland (A&N) for violation of MZI Act 1981. The apprehended fishing boat was handed over to A&N Police.
Seizure of 200 Kg Sea Cucumber. On 30 Mar 25, ICG conducted anti-poaching operation and seized 200 kg of illegal Sea Cucumbers worth ₹ 80 Lakhs off Uchpulli beach, Tamil Nadu. The consignment was handed over to Customs/ CSG for further legal action.
On 13 Apr 25, ICG conducted anti-poaching operation and seized 145 kg of illegal Sea Cucumbers worth Rs 58 Lakhs off Mandapam. The seized consignment was handed over to Forest Department, Rameshwaram for further legal action.
On 24 Apr 25, ICG conducted anti-poaching operation and seized 07 gunny bags containing 150 kg Sea Cucumber worth ₹ 60.00 Lakhs off north Mandapam. The seized consignment was handed over to Forest Department, Mandapam for further legal action.
On 24 Aug 25, ICG conducted anti-poaching operation and seized 350 kg of illegal Sea Cucumbers from Myanmarese boat worth Rs 35 Lakhs off Paget Island, Andaman & Nicobar. The seized consignments alongwith boat was handed over to local police for further legal action.
On 07 Sep 25, ICG Ship on IMBL patrol apprehended 01 Bangladesh Fishing Boat (BFB) ‘Mayer Doya’ alongwith 13 crew in position 115 Sagar Island Lt 66.5 NM for carrying out illegal fishing in Indian Waters. The BFB alongwith 13 crew was brought to Frazerganj and handed over to Marine Police for further action.
On 09 Sep 25, based on int input, ICGS Aruna Asaf Ali in a sea-air coordinated operation intercepted a Myanmarese boat near East Island and apprehended 03 Myanmarese poachers. 06 other poachers of the group were apprehended by A&N Police from the East Island on 11 Sep 25.
ICG Ships deployed on Indo-Bangladesh IMBL apprehended 04 Bangladeshi Fishing Boats (Amena Goni, Mayor Doa, Nur-E-Madina, Adib) alongwith 107 crew on 15, 16, 17 and 19 Nov 25 for illegal fishing inside Indian EEZ. All apprehended boats and crew were handed over to Marine Police, Frazerganj for further legal action.
Based on local intelligence inputs regarding suspicious activity by fishing boats off South Mandapam, a joint team of ICGS Mandapam and Customs carried out operation on 02 Nov 25. A total of 1400 Kg Sea Cucumber in 85 bags alongwith Indian fishing boat was seized during joint operations. The seized IFB with confiscated sea cucumber has been handed over to the Forest department, Mandapam for further legal action. The total value of consignment as appreciated to be approx. Rs 6.5 crore.

Search & Rescue

The SAR data for 2025 is as follows:

Missions	103
Lives saved	76
Air Sorties	49
Ship Sorties	156
Medical Evacuation	15

Coastal Security

The data on CS efforts by ICG is tabulated below:

Subject	Data (w.e.f. Jan 25)	Remarks
Coastal Security Exercise/Operations	15/34	Coordinated response by all stakeholders
Boarding Operations at Sea	18,613
Community Interaction Programmes	1,594
Monthly Drill ‘Sajag’	36	Credentials checks of fishermen
Joint Coastal Patrol (JCP)	791 Ship Patrol Sorties	1582 Marine Police personnel embarked

Aid to Civil Authorities

During immersion ceremony of idols of Lord Ganesha along the coast of Mumbai, CGRHQ (West) conducted 'Operation Utsav' from 27 Jul - 06 Aug 25 to carryout surveillance and provide SAR cover during the utsav. ICG ships and aircraft were deployed during the period for SAR assistance.
ICG conducted ‘Operation Utsav’ from 26-27 Jun 25 and 05-08 Jul 25 along the coast of Puri, Odisha and from 27 Jun 25 to 08 Jul 25 along the coast of Digha, West Bengal for security and SAR during immersion ceremony of Idols of Lord Jagannath.

Commissioning

Three in the series of eight new-generation Adamya-class Fast Patrol Vessels built by Goa Shipyard Limited were commissioned into the Indian Coast Guard this year. The first vessel (Adamya) was commissioned at Paradip on September 19, 2025, the second vessel (Akshar) at Karaikal on October 04, 2025 and third vessel (Amulya) at Goa on December 19, 2025. These ships underscore India’s steady progress towards defence self-reliance, in line with the Government’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make-in-India initiatives.

National Level Exercises & Meetings

The 10th edition of national level exercise was conducted off Chennai in Oct 25, showcasing strengthened national oil-spill response readiness and coordination capabilities. Representatives of stakeholders and international observers from 29 countries participated in the exercise.
27th National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan & Preparedness meeting was held at Chennai on 05 Oct 25. Director General Paramesh Sivamani, DGICG chaired the meeting. 116 delegates including representatives of various ministries, Central and State Government departments and Oil Handling Agencies participated in the meeting.
The 23rd edition board meeting was conducted on 10 Nov 25. The meeting enhances inter-agency coordination, improves preparedness, reviews cases, updates SOPs and strengthens India’s unified response for saving lives at sea. Stakeholders/ delegates from various member agencies participated in the meeting. During the said meeting, national M-SAR awards for various categories were also conferred.

Ship Visits

ICG Ship Shaunak was deployed for OSD to Singapore, Japan and Indonesia from Dec 24 to Feb 25 for bilateral interactions and joint exercises with Coast Guards of visiting countries. ICG Ship visited Yokohama, Japan from 07 to 11 Jan 25 and participated in ICG-JCG Joint Exercise. Further, ICG Ship Shaunak made a port call at Jakarta, Indonesia from 27 to 30 Jan 25, as part of ongoing overseas deployment.
During a significant display of growing maritime cooperation between India and the United Arab Emirates and Oman, the ICG ship Shoor as part of Overseas deployment, visited UAE and Oman in Feb 25 for professional interactions and joint exercises with Coast Guards/ Maritime Law Enforcement Agencies of visiting countries. ICGS Shoor during a week-long stay at Abu Dhabi, UAE, participated in two major Defence exhibitions viz. Naval Defence Exhibition & Conference (NAVDEX) and International Defence Exhibition (IDEX-2025). Further, the Offshore Patrol Vessel subsequently visited Muscat, Oman end Feb 25 and engaged with Royal Oman Police Coast Guard (ROPCG). During the visit, the ship conducted capacity building, Maritime SAR and joint training with ROPCG. The OSD served multiple objectives, beyond showcasing India’s Maritime capabilities; it advances the country’s ‘SAGAR’ (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiatives.
In Mar 25, ICG Ship Sachet was deployed on a Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) mission to Djibouti and Sudan. The consignment included vital pharmaceuticals, life-saving drugs, and critical medical devices aimed at supporting local healthcare infrastructure and addressing urgent medical needs in Djibouti and Sudan. The mission underscored India's broader diplomatic outreach and defense cooperation with African nations, strengthening bilateral relations and enhancing maritime goodwill. This operation aligns with India’s commitment to ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’ (The World is One Family) and reinforces the country's leadership in humanitarian and disaster relief efforts across the Indian Ocean region and beyond.
As part of an international exchange program, ICGS Saksham was deployed for overseas mission to Seychelles, Madagascar and Comoros from 06 Mar to 04 Apr 2025. The mission was aimed at fostering maritime cooperation, enhancing inter-agency coordination, and to promote environmental awareness in alignment with India's Puneet Sagar Abhiyan on a global scale. A contingent of 10 NCC Cadets and one Permanent Instructor (PI) Staff was embarked onboard, providing them with a unique opportunity to engage in cross-cultural exchanges and gain first hand experience in international maritime collaboration. Additionally,10 Officers/Personnel from the Assam Rifles were also embarked onboard. Their participation was aimed to strengthen inter-agency synergy and provide exposure to international cooperative engagements with the Coast Guards and Maritime Agencies of friendly countries. This initiative facilitated knowledge sharing, interoperability, and enhanced diplomatic ties between India and the host nations in the maritime security domain.
ICG Ship Sachet visited to East African countries namely Kenya, South Africa, Mozambique and Tanzania from 08 Sep to 02 Nov 25 for professional interactions and joint exercises with Coast Guard/ Maritime Agencies of visiting countries.
ICGS Sarathi as part of 1st Training Squadron (1TS) was deployed overseas to Seychelles, Mauritius, Reunion, Mozambique and Kenya from 25 Aug to 06 Oct 25.

Joint Exercises

JCG training Ship Itsukushima arrived Chennai from 07-12 Jul 25 as part of its Global Ocean Voyage Training programme. Further, ICG and JCG carried out joint PASSEX exercise on 12 Jul 25 towards operational synergy. During the stay JCG crew visited Regional Maritime Pollution Response Centre (RMPRC) and other ICG Installations for understanding the ICG functions.

Repatriation Operations

ICG and Bangladeshi Coast Guard (BCG) undertook repatriation of fishermen on 05 Jan 25. 06 Indian Fishing Boats and 95 Fishermen were repatriated from Bangladesh to India and 02 Bangladeshi Fishing Boats and 90 fishermen were repatriated from India to Bangladesh.
On 26 Sep 25, one Indian Fishing Boat and four fishermen were repatriated from Sri Lanka to India.
On 17 Nov 25, 03 Indian fishermen alongwith 01 IFB were repatriated from Sri Lanka to India.

In support of the Government’s Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and the Prime Minister’s call for the ‘Swachhta Hi Seva’ campaign, the ICG organised International Coastal Cleanup Day 25 (ICC-25) across all coastal States and Union Territories on 20 Sep 25. A total of 26,092 volunteers participated nationwide, collecting 34,948 kilograms of plastic and other waste to restore and protect India’s beaches. The large-scale effort spanned 66 coastal locations across the country, reflecting a strong collective commitment to coastal cleanliness and environmental conservation

DEFENCE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION

Some of the major achievements of DRDO in 2025 are as follows:

The maiden flight test of Pinaka Long Range Guided Rocket (LRGR 120) was successfully conducted at Integrated Test Range, Chandipur on December 29, 2025. The rocket was tested for its maximum range of 120 kms demonstrating all in-flight manoeuvres as planned. The LRGR impacted on the target with textbook precision. It was launched from the in-service Pinaka launcher demonstrating its versatility and providing launch capability of Pinaka variants of different range from the same launcher.
DRDO successfully conducted salvo launch of two Pralay missiles in quick succession from the same launcher off the coast of Odisha at about 1030 hrs on December 31, 2025. The flight-test was conducted as part of user evaluation trials. Both the missiles followed the intended trajectory meeting all flight objectives as confirmed by tracking sensors deployed by the Integrated Test Range, Chandipur. The terminal events were confirmed by Telemetry systems installed onboard ship, deployed near the impact points.
Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) successfully conducted test-launch of ASTRA, Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile (BVRAAM) from LCA AF MK1 prototype fighter aircraft on March 12, 2025. The test-firing demonstrated the direct hit of the missile on flying target.
DRDO and the Indian Navy conducted successful flight-test of indigenously-developed Vertically-Launched Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile (VLSRSAM) on March 26, 2025. The flight-test was carried out from a land-based vertical launcher against a high-speed aerial target at very close range and low altitude. It has established the Near-Boundary-Low Altitude capability of the missile system.
DRDO and the Indian Army conducted four successful flight-tests of the Army version of Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile on April 03 and 04, 2025 against high-speed aerial targets. The missiles intercepted the aerial targets and destroyed them, registering direct hits. The flight-tests were carried out with the weapon system in operational condition.
Release Trials of Long-Range Glide Bomb (LRGB) ‘Gaurav’ between April 08-10, 2025 from the Su-30 MKI aircraft. The trials successfully demonstrated range close to 100 kms with pin-point accuracy. LRGB ‘Gaurav’ is a 1,000 kg class glide bomb indigenously designed and developed by DRDO.
DRDO’s Hyderabad-based laboratory DRDL achieved a significant milestone in field of Hypersonic Weapon Technology by conducting long-duration Active Cooled Scramjet Subscale Combustor ground testing for more than 1,000 seconds at the newly built state-of-the-art Scramjet Connect Test Facility. Hypersonic Cruise Missile is a class of weapons that can travel more than five times the speed of sound (> 6100 Kmph) for long duration and is powered by Air breathing engine.
DRDO successfully carried out maiden flight-trials of Stratospheric Airship Platform from Sheopur Trial site in Madhya Pradesh on May 03, 2025. Developed by Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment, Agra, the airship was launched carrying an instrumental payload to an altitude of around 17 kms.
DRDO and the Indian Navy successfully undertook combat firing (with reduced explosive) of indigenously designed and developed Multi-Influence Ground Mine (MIGM). MIGM is designed to enhance the Indian Navy's capabilities against modern stealth ships and submarines.
User trials of Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket (ERASR) were successfully carried out from INS Kavaratti. ERASR is a totally indigenous anti-submarine rocket used to combat submarine and fired from onboard IRL of Indian Naval Ships. It has twin-rocket motor configuration to meet a wide spectrum of range requirements with high accuracy and consistency.
A significant milestone was achieved by successfully destroying two Aerial High Speed Unmanned targets at high-altitude in Ladakh by Akash Prime, the upgraded variant of Akash Weapon System for the Indian Army.
DRDO successfully conducted the maiden flight-tests of Integrated Air Defence Weapon System (IADWS), a multi-layered air defence system comprising all indigenous Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missiles (QRSAM), Advanced Very Short Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) missiles and a high-power laser-based Directed Energy Weapon (DEW).
Successful launch of Intermediate Range Agni-Prime Missile from a Rail based Mobile launcher system, under a full operational scenario on 24th Sep 2025. The first-of-its-kind launch was carried out from a specially designed Rail based Mobile Launcher having the capability to move on Rail network without any pre-conditions. It provides for cross country mobility and has the capability to launch within a short reaction time with reduced visibility.
DRDO conducted a successful flight-trial of India’s first long-range hypersonic missile on November 16, 2024. This hypersonic missile is designed to carry various payloads for ranges greater than 1,500 kms for the Armed Forces.
DRDO has conducted a successful high-speed rocket-sled test of fighter aircraft escape system at controlled velocity on 02 Dec 2025. The test validated canopy severance, ejection sequencing and complete aircrew-recovery. This complex dynamic test places India in an elite club of nations with advanced in-house escape system testing capability.

2025 had been declared as Year of Reforms in Ministry of Defence. Some of the key reforms undertaken by DRDO are the following:

For achieving ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’, A new version of simplified and industry friendly DRDO Procurement Manual 2025 (PM-2025) was released to encourage more participation of Indian industry, including start-ups and MSMEs in Defence R&D.
DRDO has also undertaken a comprehensive review of its project management “Directives for Project Formulation & Management (DPFM)” based on external and internal committee recommendations. DPFM-2025 guidelines has been finalized and promulgated for use by Labs/Estt. in DRDO.
DRDO Roadmap is a 10-year plan for Defence R&D focused on indigenous development of advanced technologies as well as strengthening Defence R&D capabilities. The roadmap encourages significant involvement of the private sector, with initiatives to fund private entities to develop specific technologies and integrate them into defence products. Also, DRDO has aligned its projects, technologies and capabilities with national goals for 2047, including Aatmanirbharta, Defence modernization and technological self-reliance.
Revised DRDO Procedures for ToT 2025 have been formulated incorporating various forms, templates and step by step guide for transferring DRDO Developed Technology to industry for production promoting ease of doing business.
SAMAR is a certification developed by the DRDO in collaboration with the Quality Council of India (QCI). It serves as a benchmark to evaluate and enhance the capabilities of Defence manufacturing enterprises. The SAMAR initiative aims to strengthen the Defence manufacturing ecosystem by encouraging innovation and ensuring adherence to high-quality standards for DRDO-developed systems.
DRDO is coming up with a new policy to facilitate easier interaction with these emerging Start-ups. This policy aims to streamline the process of engaging with start-ups and leveraging their innovative ideas for defence applications.
IT infrastructure and networks exists in DRDO viz. DRDO Rapid Online Network Access (DRONA) for secure Intranet across organisation and Central Internet Access Gateway (CIAG) for secure internet across organisation. To enhance operational efficiency and transparency, DRDO is implementing an ERP system across the organisation. This will enable digitalization of various processes, improve data management, and facilitate decision-making. The process has been initiated and contract has already been placed.

New Initiatives

Skill development of industry manpower was carried out at DTTC, Lucknow and more than 500 personnel trained and 30 seminars and training sessions conducted.
A new recruitment drive of scientist and technical cadre has been started and advertised.
The POINTS programme for induction training of scientist ‘B’ has been extended for a duration of 2 years leading to an M. Tech Degree in Defence Technology at DIAT, Pune.
More than 5,000 students have been trained at various DRDO Labs under Internship/Apprenticeship Scheme.

‘DRDO Policy for Transfer of Technology 2025’ and compendium of ‘DRDO Products for Export 2025’ approved by Raksha Mantri were released during Aero India 2025. The detailed procedure for implementing DRDO Policy for Transfer of Technology 2025 were also formulated and released. So far, around 2,200 Licensing Agreement for Transfer of Technology have been signed with Indian industries, including around 250 in the current year. DRDO has also instituted the Industry Interaction Groups (IIGs) with provision of open houses on first and third Wednesday of every month at all Laboratories to interact with scientist for support and resolve the issues (if any) faced by industries through open houses and unresolved issues/ concerns are taken up for open house with DRDO Hqrs on last Friday of the month. DRDO has also extended support to industry by offering more than 350 specialised test facilities and same are uploaded on Defence Test Portal on internet. DRDO has also signed number of MoUs with various agencies for developing Indian Defence Industry eco-system. Total DcPP for DRDO developed System is 145 and Production Agencies are 107.

DEPARTMENT OF EX-SERVICEMEN WELFARE

Major policy decisions, recent initiatives/achievements made during the year for the welfare of the ex-servicemen and their dependents are as follows:

With effect from 01.11.2025, the benefits provided under the following welfare schemes funded out of the Armed Forces Flag Day Fund have been doubled. The Penury Grant has been doubled from Rs. 4,000 to Rs. 8,000 per month, the Education Grant has been raised from Rs. 1,000 to Rs. 2,000 per month for up to two dependent children or widows pursuing postgraduate studies, and the Marriage Grant has been increased from Rs. 50,000 to Rs. 1,00,000 per beneficiary.
An amount of Rs. 55.06 crores was disbursed to 16,380 beneficiaries during the FY 2024-25 under the Prime Minister Scholarship Scheme.
The Department of Ex-servicemen Welfare organized a National Conclave for all Rajya and Zila Sainik Boards across India for the first time through the Kendriya Sainik Board on 29th & 30th September 2025 at Manekshaw Centre, Delhi Cantt on the theme of creating Viksit Bharat. Chief Secretaries of all States, Directors of Rajya Sainik Boards and all Zila Sainik Officers were invited to attend the two days conclave to discuss the way forward and to share innovative initiatives and best practices adopted by respective States/UTs. Raksha Mantri felicitated the ten most progressive Rajya Sainik Boards and exhorted all Sainik Boards to work together for the betterment and welfare of ex-servicemen.
An amount of Rs 10,928 crores was allocated for the Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS), a cashless health facility for ex-servicemen and other categories of ECHS beneficiaries during the FY 2024-25. This is the highest budgetary allocation so far for the ECHS. This allocation also helped clear the pending bills of empanelled hospitals and individual claims.
To extend the geographical coverage of ECHS and to provide adequate medical facilities at high pressure ECHS polyclinics, establishment of 23 new ECHS Polyclinics and upgradation of 50 existing ECHS polyclinics was approved during the year 2024-25. A total of 1,357 additional contractual manpower was sanctioned. So far 12 new polyclinics have been made operational and the remaining 11 new polyclinics shall become functional during the year 2025-26.
The Department, on 29 August 2025, extended the ECHS medical benefits to officer cadets who are medically discharged due to service related injuries during training. These boarded out officer cadets will now receive free OPD, IPD, and diagnostic services without paying the standard one-time ECHS subscription. The benefit is being granted as a one-time humanitarian measure, not as a precedent.
The Government has launched a pilot project on 15.08.2025 for the home delivery of Not Available (NA) medicines through the Authorized Local Chemists (ALC) to the ECHS beneficiaries. The initiative aims to ensure timely availability of essential medicines at home while reducing the burden of repetitive visits to polyclinics by elderly and ailing veterans especially those who are staying alone. The Department of Posts and Common Service Centres are being utilized for home delivery of these medicine.
The Government on 28.04.2025 has doubled Monthly Monetary ceiling limit across all categories of polyclinics for purchase of Not Available (NA) life saving medicines, emergency drugs from Authorised Local Chemists (ALC). The monthly monitory cap for Type A and Type B ECHS polyclinics has been doubled from Rs. 5 lakhs to Rs. 10 lakhs. Limit for Type C polyclinics has been raised from Rs. 3 lakhs to Rs. 6 lakhs. Limit for Type D polyclinics has been raised from Rs. 2 lakhs to Rs. 4 lakhs.
To provide a facility for achieving better mental health and reducing dependency of medicines, the Department in the presence of Raksha Mantri on 21.04.2025 facilitated the signing of an MoU between the ECHS and the Headquarters Security Service Wing (SSW), Rajyoga Education and Research Foundation of Brahma Kumaris.
The Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare signed an MoU with the Quality Council of India (QCI) on 26 August 2025 to improve welfare services for veterans and dependents. QCI will assist in policy evaluation, digital transformation, and impact assessments. The Department will ensure access to stakeholder data, including Sainik Boards and empanelled hospitals. The collaboration aims to improve outreach via digital tools, AI, and analytics. It supports better delivery of services for 63 lakhs ECHS beneficiaries across India.
In order to increase the accessibility of healthcare services and empanel more number of Private Hospitals under ECHS, the ceiling on the number of hospitals to be empanelled has been removed. This measure along with online empanelment process will ensure greater transparency and ease of delivering the medical services.
During 2024-25, a total of 67,316 ex-servicemen (ESM) have been given resettlement through Directorate General of Resettlement (DGR). Out of these, approximately 48,959 have been given employment in security agencies. A total of 13,715 ESMs were offered jobs through the Job fairs during the year. The aim is to facilitate re-employment of ESM in the corporate sector and provide jobs through schemes for self employment.
A special incentive of a one-time grant of Rs. 2 lakhs, in addition to normal incentives (Rs. 5 lakhs @ 15% of monthly purchase) has been granted to ex-servicemen under Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojna (PMBJP) which aims at establishing nation-wide Generic Medicine pharmacies for providing cheaper medicines for the benefit of everyone. Ex-servicemen can avail the same vide ‘Eligibility Certificate’ issued by DGR for the purpose.
DGR sponsored training courses on Drone Technology were introduced at IIT Ropar, IIT Guwahati, and NSTI Hyderabad in 2024-25 for 145 JCO/OR equivalent ESM. The scope is further being expanded to include more institutes in 2025-26, catering for 720 vacancies for ESM.
An MoU was signed between DGR and Coal India Ltd (CIL) on 14.10.2025 for employment of Ex-Servicemen Coal Loading and Transportation companies in CIL subsidiaries. This scheme will provide resettlement and welfare avenues to ex-servicemen and widows/wards of Armed Forces Personal.

SPARSH: India’s Largest Digital Pension Platform

Ensuring ‘Right Pension to the Right Pensioner at the Right Time’, System for Pension Administration - Raksha (SPARSH), a flagship Digital India initiative, has emerged as the country’s first end-to-end digital pension platform. Administered by the Defence Accounts Department (DAD) through PCDA (Pensions), Prayagraj, SPARSH has onboarded 31.69 lakh defence pensioners across India and Nepal as of November 2025. It replaces a fragmented system managed earlier by over 45,000 agencies with a unified, transparent and accountable digital framework.

Major achievements include:

94.3% of legacy discrepant cases resolved: Out of 6.43 lakh discrepant cases migrated from previous systems, 6.07 lakh have been normalised without affecting pensioners’ entitlements.
Extensive Outreach for Elderly & Non-Tech Savvy Pensioners: 284 SPARSH Outreach Programmes and 194 Raksha Pension Samadhan Ayojans have been held across the country. More than 8,000 grievances were resolved on the spot during these programmes conducted in the current Financial Year.
Enhanced Transparency & Grievance Resolution: Pensioners can now view complete pension details online and easily raise corrections. Average grievance redressal time has come down from 56 days in April 2025 to 17 days in November 2025 and as per the latest Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances report, DAD has achieved a 73% satisfaction score, ranking 5th among Ministries/Departments.
DLC 4.0 Campaign: Under the nationwide Digital Life Certificate (DLC) 4.0 campaign of DoP&PW (November 1-30, 2025), DAD has mobilised 202 offices, 4.63 lakh Common Service Centres, and 14 partner banks, supported by 27 Nodal Officers. As of November 30, 2025, 20.94 lakh DLCs have been generated for Defence Pensioners -highest among all Departments.
Disbursements: In FY 2024–25, a Defence Pension Budget of Rs 1,57,681 crore was disbursed on a real-time basis through SPARSH. OROP-III, implemented in July 2024, enabled the quick disbursal of Rs 1,224.76 crore to 20.17 lakh beneficiaries in just 15 days.

BORDER ROADS ORGANISATION

Building infrastructure in the border areas has been the focus of the Government as it enhances defence preparedness through military mobility and smooth transportation of logistics, while ensuring socio-economic progress of the remote areas through increased tourism & employment opportunities. This year, Raksha Mantri has launched a total of 175 infrastructure projects of Border Roads Organisation (BRO) across a number of States/Union Territories.

On December 07, 2025, Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh dedicated to the nation 125 projects - the most to have ever been inaugurated simultaneously - from Ladakh. Spread across 02 Union Territories - Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir - and 07 States - Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, West Bengal & Mizoram, these projects - 28 Roads, 93 Bridges and 04 Miscellaneous - have been completed at a cost of approx. Rs 5,000 crore, the highest-value inaugurations in the BRO’s history. Among the projects is the Shyok Tunnel on Darbuk-Shyok-Daulat Beg Oldie Road, which will ensure all-weather, reliable connectivity to this strategic area.
During an event organised in New Delhi to commemorate 66th Raising Day of BRO on May 07, 2025, Raksha Mantri virtually dedicated to the nation 50 projects – 30 bridges, 17 roads and three other works. These projects, constructed at a total cost of Rs 1,879 crore, are spread across six border States and two Union Territories – Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Mizoram, West Bengal & Rajasthan - reinforcing India’s security, connectivity and development in remote regions.
In the last two years, a total of 356 BRO infrastructure projects have been dedicated to the nation, marking a benchmark achievement in the field of strategic infrastructure development.

Ministry of Finance Year Ender 2025 : Department of Public Enterprises (DPE)

2026-01-04T18:36:00.003+05:30

In 2025, the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), under the Ministry of Finance, marked significant milestones in its operational and policy initiatives.

A key highlight of achievements during 2025 was the robust monitoring and facilitation of capital expenditure (CAPEX) among select Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) and other organisations. CAPEX achievements for select CPSEs (with annual CAPEX estimates of ₹100 crore or more) and other Government organizations—namely the Railway Board, National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), and Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC)—were compiled for the year 2025–26 up to the end of September 2025. During the period April–September 2025, these entities achieved a CAPEX of ₹3.85 lakh crore, representing 49.1% of the annual Budget Estimates of ₹7.85 lakh crore for the financial year 2025–26.

The Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) has taken the initiative to organize a series of workshops to accelerate the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies through a whole-of-CPSEs approach. These workshops focused on the role of emerging Industry 4.0 technologies in driving transformative improvements in productivity, efficiency, and innovation in the public sector. Participants were sensitized to technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Twin, 3D Printing, etc., and their potential role in transforming industries, along with the way forward for CPSEs.

Granted Navratna status for two CPSEs

In this year, the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) has granted Navratna status to two CPSE’s, viz. Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Limited (IRCTC) and Indian Railway Finance Corporation Limited (IRFC).

Procurement from MSES: -

In line with the policy interventions created in support of Micro & Small Enterprises, CPSEs procured around 47.21 % as against the mandated 25% from MSEs in the current financial year till November, 2025.

Year-end Review 2025: A year dedicated to Forest Conservation, Wildlife Protection and Global Leadership in addressing Climate Change

2026-01-04T18:34:00.001+05:30

Major Initiatives, Reforms and Achievements of MoEFCC

1. Forest Conservation, Afforestation and Green Cover Enhancement

1.1 Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam Campaign

Launched by the Hon’ble Prime Minister, the Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam campaign emerged as one of the largest people-centric environmental movements in the world. Implemented through a Whole-of-Government and Whole-of-Society approach:

262.4 crore saplings were planted till December 24, 2025
The campaign integrated emotional, cultural and ecological values
Plantation activities were digitally tracked through the Meri LiFE portal.

1.2 Forest and Tree Cover Status

According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023:

The forest and tree cover of the country is 25.17% (21.76% forest cover and 3.41% tree cover) of the geographical area of the country.
There has been a cumulative gain of 4.83% in forest and tree cover since 2013.
As per FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025:

§ India ranks 9th globally in forest area (up from 10th).

§ Retains 3rd position worldwide in annual net forest gain.

These achievements underscore India’s long-term commitment to expanding green cover while improving forest quality.

1.3 National Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (National CAMPA)

National CAMPA Authority, through its policies and innovative digital reforms, has transformed the planning and management of Compensatory Afforestation and Restoration of Ecosystem Services activities in India.
By combining robust financial mechanisms, large-scale ecological restoration, and new digital systems—such as the (1) rolling out the pan india Digital APO Portal, (2) Development of Monitoring & Evaluation tool jointly with BISAG-N-, and the (3) National CAMPA Dashboard— National CAMPA is ensuring transparency, accountability, and scientific oversight.
National Authority CAMPA has approved the Annual plan of Operations of 32 States and Union Territories worth Rs,8561.34 crores during FY 2025-26 .

1.4 Aravalli Landscape Restoration (Green Wall Initiative)

Aravalli Green Wall initiative proposes restoration of 6.31 million hectares, with priority intervention areas in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana and Delhi.
A phase-wise restoration plan (2025–2034) focuses on forest restoration, grassland rejuvenation, and mine reclamation through convergence with CAMPA, MGNREGS, Green India Mission, and other programmes.
In 2025, about 36,025 Ha area have been restored.
435 nurseries falling under the Aravalli landscapes across four States, with a combined approximate production capacity of 393.24 lakh seedlings has been established.
A Detailed Action Plan for Aravalli Landscape Restoration, a major initiative to restore the Aravalli Hill Range was unveiled on 21 May 2025. The Action Plan outlines a science-based, community-led, and policy-supported roadmap to restore the ecological integrity of the Aravallis.

2. Wildlife Conservation and Species Recovery

2.1 Project Tiger and Project Elephant

India continued to strengthen its flagship conservation programmes:

58 Tiger Reserves now cover approximately 85,000 sq km as compared to 46 in 2014.
New reserve: Madhav Tiger Reserve, MP.

The 6th cycle of All India Tiger Estimation was initiated (global first).
Habitat improvement and corridor protection were prioritised.
Elephant Reserves increased to 33 in 2025 in comparison to 26 in 2014; about 8,610 sq km additional area brought under protection.
Major Interventions under Project Elephant are as under:
India–Bangladesh Transboundary Elephant Conservation Protocol
150 elephant corridors identified across 15 States
Ex-gratia for human fatalities enhanced: ₹5 lakh → ₹10 lakh
Rail-track mitigation portal; 110 critical sites identified
DNA profiling of captive elephants via Gaj Soochna App

2.2 Protected Areas and Community Reserves

Protected Areas increased to 1134 in 2025 as compared to 745 in 2014.
Community Reserves under the Protected Area network has increased to 309 in 2025 as compared to 48 Protected Areas in 2014.

2.3 Project Cheetah

Project Cheetah entered an expansion phase in 2025:

Cheetahs were introduced into Gandhisagar Wildlife Sanctuary; planned expansion to Noradehi & Banni Grasslands
Total cheetah population reached 30, including 19 cubs born in India
Successful reproduction marked a major conservation milestone

● Next batch of 8 cheetahs from Botswana received (2025)

2.4 International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA)

India continued to lead the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA launched in April 2023 to conserve 7 big cat species globally) with

Framework Agreement entered into force on 23 January 2025.
Membership has expanded to 18 countries

Strengthened cooperation on conservation, capacity building and research
IBCA links biodiversity conservation with climate adaptation, ecosystem services, water security, and community livelihoods, reinforcing India’s global leadership.

2.5 Launch of 05 National level Projects and 04 National-level Action Plans.

Five National Level Projects for Species Conservation and Conflict Management, which includes Project Dolphin Phase 11, Project Sloth Bear, Project Gharial, a Centre of Excellence for Human-Wildlife Conflict Management, and a Project on "Tigers Outside Tiger Reserve" as well as, four National-level Action Plans & Field Guides for Species Population Assessments and Monitoring Programmes covering River Dolphins, Tigers, Snow Leopard and Bustards were launched during the Wildlife Week 2025 (October 2-8).

2.6 National Board for Wildlife (NBWL):

The 7th NBWL Meeting under the chairmanship of Hon’ble Prime Minister, held at Sansan, Gir on 3rd March 2025, brought together key stakeholders to discuss wildlife conservation efforts, emphasizing collaboration and action points for enhancing biodiversity conservation in India.

3. Biodiversity Conservation and Community Participation

3.1 Biological Diversity Reforms

The Biological Diversity (Amendment) Rules, 2025 were notified to:

Simplify compliance
Encourage research and innovation
Strengthen benefit-sharing mechanisms

3.2 Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)

Reinforced the role of local communities as custodians of biodiversity.
Launch of a Certificate Programme in Business & Biodiversity Conservation.
Over ₹61 crore released to local communities under ABS.

3.3 Global Engagement

India actively participated in CBD COP-16 (Rome, 2025), advocating equity, finance, and technology transfer for biodiversity conservation.

4. Climate Change Action and Global Leadership

4.1 Achievements of India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)

Reduction in emission intensity of GDP by 36% from 2005 level achieved in 2020 - against the target of 45% by 2030
Installed capacity of electric power from non-fossil fuel based energy sources increased to more than 50% in June 2025 - 5 years ahead of schedule
Created 2.29 billion tonnes of additional carbon sink between 2005 and 2021 - against the target of creation of 2.5 - 3.0 billion tonnes of carbon sink by 2030

4.2 Indian Carbon Market

Operationalisation of the Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) marked a major step in India’s climate strategy:

Compliance and offset mechanisms were established
Domestic market aligned with international carbon frameworks

India also signed a bilateral mechanism with Japan, in August 2025, under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement.

5. Air Quality Improvement and Urban Environment

5.1 National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)

NCAP continued to deliver measurable outcomes:

130 cities covered.
₹13,415 crore provided as performance-linked funding till now.
Rs.792.72 crore released to 82 cities in FY 2025-26 under CP Scheme
Recommendations sent to DoE based on air quality performance for release of Rs.2194.25 crore to 48 Million plus cities under XVth Finance Commission air quality grants
103 cities recorded reduction in PM10 levels in 2024-25 compared to 2017-18, out of which:
- 64 cities have shown reduction by more than 20%
- 25 of these cities have achieved a reduction of more than 40%.
22 cities met National Ambient Air Quality Standards for PM10 levels.

Guidelines issued for conducting Ward level Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan in 130 cities.

5.2 Nagar Van Yojana (NVY)

Urban forestry gained momentum:

Enhanced green spaces in cities and towns.
75 projects sanctioned in 2025.
A total of 620 Nagar Van projects sanctioned.
Total outlay of ₹654 crore.

6. Waste Management and Circular Economy

6.1 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) and Circular Economy

EPR frameworks were implemented across eight waste streams:

Strong foundation laid for a circular economy
As on 03.12.2025, 71,401 producers and 4,447 recyclers under various waste streams have been registered on the portals.
Approximately 375.11 lakh tonnes of waste (plastic packaging waste, battery waste, e-waste, waste tyres) has been recycled with corresponding EPR certificates generation of 339.51 lakh tonnes, out of which 237.85 tonnes has been transferred to producers.

7. Coastal, Wetlands, Mangrove Conservation and Eco-Sensitive Zones

7.1 MISHTI Programme

Mangrove restoration gained momentum:

4536 ha area brought under restoration in 2025.
Rs. 46.48 crore released in 2025.
Total 22,560 ha of degraded mangroves restored.

7.2 Wetland Conservation

In 2025 , 11 Ramsar Sites were declared and added to the list.

India now has 96 Ramsar Sites, the highest in Asia
Udaipur and Indore became India’s first Ramsar-accredited Wetland Cities
India now has the largest Ramsar network in Asia and the 3rd largest globally by number of sites.

7.3 National Coastal Mission

Extended for 2025–31 with an allocation of ₹767 crore, strengthening climate resilience of coastal ecosystems.
As of the 2025-26 season, 18 beaches in India across 7 coastal States and 4 Union Territories have been accorded the Blue Flag Certification.

7.4 Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs)

Conservation planning in India follows an ecosystem-based approach to protect representative habitats.
Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) regulate development around Protected Areas while supporting sustainable livelihoods of local communities.
353 final ESZ notifications covering 496 Protected Areas have been issued, compared to only 23 ESZs covering 25 Protected Areas till 2014.

8. Environmental Awareness, Education and Capacity Building

1.12 lakh Eco-Clubs operational across the country
Mission LiFE mobilised students and citizens towards sustainable lifestyles. As reported on Meri LiFE portal, more than six crore people participated in over 34 lakh LiFE events so far. 4.96 crore Mission Life pledges taken.
EIACP strengthened digital outreach and knowledge dissemination

9. Activities under key Institutions:

National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS): During the current financial year (2025-26), 17 new demand-driven projects have been approved to promote action-oriented research across different regions of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR).
Govind Ballabh Pant 'National Institute of Himalayan Environment' (NIHE) : Geotagged 77 springs in Yachuli and Yazali, Keyi Panior district of Arunachal Pradesh. Developed a regional database of 1025 pteridophyte taxa in the Indian Himalayan Region, 6.3% rise in species richness, 13% vegetation cover increase, and the morphilization. Reported two orchids species New to Science; (i) Phalaenopsis quadridentata and (ii) Gastrodia indica..
Botanical Survey of India (BSI): Published ‘Plant Discoveries 2024’; undertook 88 floral surveys and local tours across diverse phyto geographical regions of the country; actively collected, multiplied, and introduced approximately 673 plant species into its network of botanic gardens; published 11 volumes of the Flora of India; 40,503 herbarium sheets digitized, and 88,056 associated metadata records prepared and integrated into the online archives.
Zoological Survey of India (ZSI): 6,938 species were added to the National Zoological Collection; 117 new species were discovered across diverse faunal groups; three patents granted for automated surveillance systems targeting mosquitoes, coleopterans, and protozoans; Digital Sequence Information strengthened with 1,352 DNA barcodes of 567 species submitted to BOLD and GenBank, enhancing molecular reference resources; 128 new records added to the Indian fauna.
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE): Under Green Credit Programme 4391 ha under restoration across different states; a farmer's variety of Melia dubia GK 10 registered; a germplasm repository of 150 Dalbergia sissoo individuals from diverse agroclimatic zones of UP, MP, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, HP and UK established at ICFRE-FRI Dehradun; VAN VISTARA - Database Management System for Forest Genetic Resources of India launched by ICFRE-IFGTB, Coimbatore; Trichoderma frianum sp. a new taxon within the Harzianum clade, discovered; developed Plywood passing MR grade as per IS: 848-2006 and particle board as per IS 3087 for Grade -2 with zero formaldehyde emission.
Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM): Diversifying its academic offerings, the Institute has launched a Doctoral Programme in Management and two new MBA programmes in Sustainable Development, Development and Sustainable Finance during the year 2025. The students’ intake under various post graduate programmes have increased to 275 and the campus strength has grown beyond 500 in 2025. The institute has also expanded geographically, successfully conducting Management Development Programmes through its Kurseong Campus, West Bengal since 2024.
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA): Total 207 IFS officers attended the MCT Mid-Career Training programme. IGNFA successfully organized several impactful Mid-Career Training Programs and two thematic trainings, which were conducted for the first time in a blended format through the IGOT platform of Mission Karmayogi. It included 426 participants from across the country. The Academy implemented the TARU Portal (Moodie Learning Management System) for the delivery of online and blended learning programmes.

10. International Cooperation and Multilateral Engagement

India played a leadership role at COP-30 (Brazil), Ramsar COP-15, UNEA-7, BRICS Climate Forum, and Minamata COP-6, reinforcing equity, finance and technology transfer for developing countries.

Indian delegation participated in the Contact Group on Climate Change and Sustainable Development (CGCCSD) Open-ended Plenary and the 3rd High-Level BRICS Meeting on Climate Change and Sustainable Development held in Brasilia, Brazil, on May 27-28, 2025. The delegation played a key role in finalizing and adopting the ' BRICS Climate Leadership Agenda', reaffirming BRICS ' commitment to collective climate action aligned with the Paris Agreement and UNFCCC goals. India's proactive engagement sets the stage for its leadership during India's BRICS Chairmanship in 2026.
At the Ramsar 15th Conference of Parties (CoP) held at Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, from 23-31 July 2025, India for the first (since 1982) introduced a Resolution on “Promoting Sustainable Lifestyles for the Wise Use of Wetlands”. The resolution received overwhelming support from the 172 Ramsar Contracting Parties, Six International Organisation Partners, and other observers and was formally adopted at the plenary session on July 30, 2025. The resolution is closely aligned with the principles of Mission LiFE.
The MoEFCC and the Ministry of the Environment of Japan signed a Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) related to implementation of Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement in the Field of Environmental Cooperation during the visit of Hon'ble Prime Minister to Japan for the 15th India Japan Annual Summit held on 29-30th August 2025. The signed MoC will serve as an enabling framework for collaboration in areas pertaining to environmental preservation such as pollution control, climate change, waste management, sustainable use of biodiversity and environmental technologies.
A delegation from MoEFCC led by Hon’ble Minister Environment, Forest & Climate Change participated in the G20 Environment Ministers’ Meeting, in Cape Town , South Africa help from 10-12 September 2025. India supported Integrating Climate and Development, while upholding Equity and Common but Differentiated Responsibilities.
A delegation participated in the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention on Mercury (COP-6), held in Geneva, from 3rd to 7th November 2025. India successfully obtained the last exemption for another period of 5 years (from 2025 to 2030) to phase out mercury-added products.
An inter-ministerial delegation led by the Hon’ble Minister Environment, Forest & Climate Change attended 30th session of Conference of Parties (CoP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP-30), held in Belém, Brazil from 10- 21 November 2025. India played a constructive and bridge-building role on behalf of developing countries. The participation yielded positive outcomes in the field of Adaptation indicators and finance, Climate Finance under Article 9, Just Transition Mechanism, Technology Implementation Programme and Mitigation Work Programme.
A delegation led by Hon’ble Minister of State for Environment, Forest & Climate Change participated at UNEA-7 Conference held in Nairobi, Kenya, from December 8-12, 2025. India’s resolution on “Strengthening the Global Management of Wildfires” was adopted . The resolution, moved by India, received wide support from Member States, reaffirming global recognition of the urgent need to address the rising threat of wildfires worldwide.
Indian delegation led by the Director General of Forests & Special Secretary and CITES Management Authority of India participated in the 20th meeting of the Conference of Parties (CoP) to Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora (CITES) held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan from 24th November to 5th December 2025. During the CoP, several agenda items relating to conservation of wild species that are in trade were discussed and decisions and Resolutions were adopted.

11. Days/events celebrated:

Celebrated World Wetlands Day 2025 at the Parvati Arga Ramsar Site, in February, 2025. The event highlighted the critical role of wetlands in environmental conservation, biodiversity, and sustainable livelihoods, aligning with this year’s theme of ‘Protecting Wetlands for our Common Future’.
MoEFCC, in collaboration with two institutes at the Harvard University, USA, organised a Conference on ‘India 2047: Building a Climate-Resilient Future’, from 19th – 22nd March 2025, at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi. The symposium served as a dynamic knowledge sharing platform for experts from diverse fields—including climate science, public health, labour, and urban planning—to deliberate on the urgent challenges posed by climate change and the pathways to a resilient future. The deliberations focused on four key themes: Climate Science of Heat and Water with its implications on Agriculture, Health, Work and the Built Environment.
International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) 2025 celebrated on May 22, 2025 with an Exhibition on Biodiversity and Bioresources, in Udaipur (Rajasthan). The theme for IDB 2025 was ‘Harmony with Nature and Sustainable Development’.
World Environment Day (WED) was organised on June 5, 2025. The WED event at Bharat Mandapam was celebrated under the theme 'One Nation, One Mission: End Plastic Pollution', featuring the release of two key publications - Government Initiatives on Ending Plastic Pollution and a Compendium on Eco-alternatives to Banned SUPs and launch of the National Plastic Waste Reporting Portal. The event marked the launch of National Plastic Pollution Reduction Campaign, covering Tiger Reserves, government offices, Swachhta Hi Sewa activities and a Hackathon on eco-alternatives to single-use plastics. A National Expo was also organised showcasing the innovations from 150 startups and recyclers.
Celebrating 11th International Day of Yoga (IDY) on 21st June, 2025, the MoEFCC in collaboration with the Ministry of AYUSH observed 'Harit Yoga' wherein a Yoga session was followed by tree plantation under the campaign 'Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam'. More than 800 events were organized across 130 National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) cities, with the participation of over three lakh citizens.
Celebrated Global Tiger Day 2025 on July 29, 2025. A nationwide tree plantation drive was launched. The Hon’ble Minister Environment, Forest & Climate Change unveiled four important publications, each highlighting a unique aspect of India’s wildlife conservation.
Celebrated World Lion Day – 2025 on August 10, 2025, at Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat. The grand celebrations of ‘World Lion Day’ was also organized across 11 districts of Saurashtra, Gujarat, to promote awareness about the conservation and protection of the Asiatic Lion.
Celebrated World Elephant Day 2025 on August 12, 2025. A nationwide awareness campaign was initiated, engaging approximately 12 lakh students from about 5,000 schools to spread awareness about elephant conservation and the importance of harmonious coexistence between people and wildlife.
Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan Awards and Wetland Cities Recognition Ceremony 2025 was organized on 9th September 2025. The best-performing cities under Swachh Vayu Sarveshan 2025 conducted in 130 cities under National Clean air Progamme (NCAP) were awarded. During the event the 'Ward-Level Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan Guidelines' were released. A' Compendium of Best Practices under the National Clean Air Programme' was also released. Two cities namely Indore and Udaipur were issued certificates for being recognized as Wetland Cities under Ramsar Convention.
31st World Ozone Day on September 16, 2025 celebrated with the theme 'From science to global action', highlighting the success of the Montreal Protocol. Key publications and awareness materials were released, including studies on low-GWP technologies, district cooling systems, and cold chain best practices.
51st Foundation Day of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) on September 22, 2025. During the event, key initiatives included laying the foundation stone for CPCB's new headquarters, inaugurating regional laboratories in Pune and Shillong, launching SAMEER App 2.0. Technical publications released included "Classification of Polluted River Stretches, 2025" and a manual on identifying polluted water bodies using freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates.
Wildlife Week 2025 celebrations were organized at FRI Campus, Dehradun on 6th October 2025. 5 National Level Projects for Species Conservation and Conflict Management, as well as, 4 National-level Action Plans & Field Guides for Species Population Assessments and Monitoring Programmes were launched during the event.
International Snow Leopard Day was observed on October 23, 2025, with a unique initiative titled '#23for23', encouraging people across the country to engage in physical activities for 23 minutes to raise awareness about the conservation of snow leopards and their fragile habitats.

12. Major Reforms by MoEFCC in 2025

12.1 Green Credit Programme (GCP) – Revised Framework

Expanded participation to public and private entities for restoring degraded forest land.
Restoration to be carried out directly by user agencies.
Green Credits issued after 5 years of restoration on achieving ≥40% canopy density (1 credit per tree older than 5 years).
Credits may be used once for:

o Compensatory Afforestation (CA),

o CSR obligations, or

o Statutory plantation requirements.

12.2 Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Amendment Rules, 2025

Expanded land bank creation in degraded/government/recorded forest lands (≤0.4 canopy).
Afforestation created under govt. schemes can be used for CA.
Streamlined approvals for critical, strategic, deep-seated and atomic mineral mining with enhanced CA norms.
Provision for extension of in-principle approval validity beyond 5 years.
No CA for underground mining without surface rights.
Offline proposal submission allowed for defence/strategic/emergency projects.

12.3 Second Amendment to Rules, 2023 (Nov 2025)

The Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Rules, 2023 were amended enabling the Nodal Officer' of the State to mandatorily assist and facilitate the user agency in the identification of degraded forest land for compensatory afforestation.

12.4. Involvement of local forest officer in cases of land acquisition

Directions dated 13.11.2025 issued enjoining the project proponent to share copy of the land acquisition notification with the local Forest Department official so as to clearly delineate forest land at the time of acquiring land for any infrastructure project.

12.5 Reforms under Air Acts and Water Acts

12.5.1 Uniform Consent Reforms

Nation-wide uniform guidelines for Consent to Establish/Operate across SPCBs/PCCs.
Industries with prior Environmental Clearance exempted from CTE.

12.5.2 Industrial Classification & Compliance

Revised industry classification (Red/Orange/Green/Blue/White) to encourage better compliance.
States empowered to classify new sectors under White category.
86 sectors notified as White category — exempted from CTE/CTO.

12.6 Reforms on EPR and Circular Economy:

As part of Circular Economy action plans, EPR regulations have been notified for eight waste categories, namely plastic packaging, e-waste, battery waste, used oil, waste tyres, end-of-life vehicles, construction & demolition waste, and scrap of non-ferrous metals.
The following EPR regulations/ amendments in existing EPR regulations have been notified in 2025:
- - Environment Protection (End-of-Life Vehicles) Rules, 2025 notified on 06.01.2025 for environmentally sound management of end-of-life vehicles.
  - Environment (Construction and Demolition) Waste Management Rules, 2025 notified on 04.04.2025 for environmentally sound management of construction and demolition waste.
  - “Extended Producer Responsibility for Scrap of Non-Ferrous Metals’’ notified on 01.07.2025 through amendment of Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 for environmentally sound management of scrap of non-ferrous metals.
  - Battery Waste Management Amendment Rules, 2025 notified on 24.02.2025 with respect to labelling of EPR registration number on batteries.
  - Plastic Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2025 notified on 23.01.2025 with respect to labelling of EPR registration number.

12.7 Environment Protection (Management of Contaminated Sites) Rules, 2025:

Environment Protection (Management of Contaminated Sites) Rules, 2025, notified on 24.07.2025, provides a framework for identification, assessment and remediation of contaminated sites in the country.

12. 8 Major Reforms on Environmental Clearance Process for Ease of Doing Business

Mining projects of minerals reclassified from ‘minor’ to ‘major’ by the Ministry of Mines, with lease area up to 5 hectares, shall be apprised as Category ‘B2’ under the EIA Notification, 2006.
The EC framework for building construction projects has been rationalised by permitting changes in design and planning without requiring Environment clearance (EC) amendments.
Airport expansion and modernisation projects with valid ECs and no additional land requirement are now appraised as Category B2 projects, exempt from EIA and public hearings.
Green belt and green cover requirements for industrial estates/parks and individual industries have been rationalized based on pollution potential.
Delays arising from court or NCLT proceedings are excluded from EC validity period.
The Environment Audit Rules, 2025, introduced a cadre of Certified Third-Party Environmental Auditors to conduct on-site verification and compliance audits under major environmental laws, reinforcing the government’s Trust Based Compliance – Ease of Doing Business.
PARIVESH: PARIVESH 2.0 achieved complete automation in clearance management, providing an integrated digital platform for Environment, Forest, Wildlife, CRZ clearances. It integrates Geographic Information System (GIS) for real-time decision support, improves transparency through online tracking, and facilitates Ease of Doing Business while ensuring accountability and environmental safeguards. By offering a single- window interface for project proponents, appraisal committees, and regulatory authorities, PARIVESH 2.0 strengthens the Government’s commitment to “Minimum Government, Maximum Governance” and promotes sustainable development.
Integrated with PM Gatishakti NMP, NSWS (National Single Window System), CAMPA’s digital payment gateway, and QCI-NABET’s accreditation portal, PARIVESH embodies the whole-of-government approach envisioned by the Hon’ble Prime Minister. The initiative not only improves Ease of Doing Business for industry but also advances India’s environmental governance through sustainability, precision, and citizen-centric design.

Ministry of Finance Year Ender 2025: Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM)

2026-01-04T17:03:00.003+05:30

In 2025, the Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM) continued to play a pivotal role in strengthening public finances, enhancing value creation in Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs), and deepening market-oriented reforms through effective capital management, strategic disinvestment, and focused capacity building initiatives.

Higher Dividend Receipts from CPSEs

Despite the progressive dilution of Government shareholding in CPSEs through disinvestment, dividend payouts have consistently increased since FY 2020-21. This growth is attributed to the Government’s efficient capital management policies, enhanced accountability mechanisms, and appropriate spacing of disinvestment transactions.

Dividend from CPSEs form an important source of non-tax revenue. Dividend pay-outs are currently deliberated in a structured manner in the inter-Ministerial forum called Committee for Monitoring of Capital Management and Dividends by CPSES (CMCDC). There has been a considerable improvement in the dividend payouts by CPSEs over the last five years.

Total dividend receipts from CPSEs over the last five financial years have shown a consistent upward trend, exceeding the corresponding Revised Estimates (RE) each year:

Financial Year	Revised Estimates (RE) (₹ crore)	Actual Dividend Receipts (₹ crore)
2020–21	34,717	39,750
2021–22	59,294	46,000
2022–23	43,000	59,533
2023–24	50,000	64,000
2024–25	55,000	74,017

This demonstrates a significant improvement in dividend payouts by CPSEs, reflecting effective capital management and enhanced financial performance.

Offer For Sale (OFS) Transaction in Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited

DIPAM also used the Offer for Sale (OFS) route to create value for CPSEs. Disinvestment of 3.61% of the paid-up equity in ‘Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited’ out of Gol's shareholding of 84.83% in MDL through OFS was launched on 4th April 2025 for Non-Retail Category and on 7th April 2025 for Retail Category. In view of oversubscription, under the Non-Retail Category, Green Shoe Option was exercised. Gol realized an amount of Rs 3,673.42 crore through the transaction. Post OFS market price of the stocks has generally witnessed uptrend, adding to the capital gains o investors.

Value Creation in CPSEs: Leadership & Capacity Building

As part of its broader Value Creation in CPSEs initiative, DIPAM undertook focused efforts to enhance leadership and communication capabilities within CPSEs. In collaboration with the Capacity Building Commission (CBC), DIPAM has organized a Workshop on Enhancing Leadership Communication Skills at New Delhi on 17th January 2025. The workshop aimed to empower CPSE executives dealing with Finance, Business Development, Strategy, and Communication, particularly in their engagement with investors and financial analysts. It enabled participants to identify communication gaps and engage in training sessions and simulated real-world experiences.

The Department also successfully organized the Capacity Building Programme on Basics of Financial Markets conducted by the NSE for the officers and employees on 29th August 2025 at India Habitat Centre, New Delhi.

Through sustained improvement in dividend performance, successful market-based disinvestment, and targeted capacity building, DIPAM’s initiatives in 2025 reinforced fiscal strength, promoted investor confidence, and advanced long-term value creation in CPSEs.

Year End Review 2025 – Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

2026-01-04T17:01:00.001+05:30

India has the world’s second-largest road network, with National Highways spanning 1,46,560 km, forming the country’s primary arterial network.

The Government strengthens the National Highways network through flagship programmes such as Bharatmala Pariyojana (including the subsumed NHDP), SARDP-NE, LWE Road Development Programme (including the Vijayawada–Ranchi Road), and Externally Aided Projects (EAP).

The National Highway network records a growth of about 61%, expanding from 91,287 km in 2014 to 1,46,560 km at present.

The length of operational access-controlled High-Speed Corridors/Expressways increases from 93 km in 2014 to 3,052 km, registering a growth of about 3,180%.

The length of 4-lane and above National Highways, including access-controlled corridors, more than doubles from 18,371 km in 2014 to 43,512 km at present.

MoRTH cumulatively monetizes ₹1,52,028 crore through various modes of asset monetization till November 2025 and targets ₹30,000 crore during FY 2025-26.

To enhance private participation, Model Concession Agreements (MCAs) are updated: BOT is revamped for the first time since 2007-08; IMC is completed and under finalization; HAM MCA is being finalized; EPC follows post-HAM.

To widen the investment base, MoRTH plans to introduce the Public InvIT – Raajmarg InvIT. SEBI clearance is under process, with issuance targeted for January 2026.

In line with Union Budget 2025-26, MoRTH identifies a PPP project pipeline of 13,400 km, with an estimated cost of ₹8.3 lakh crore, to be developed over the next three years.

A network of 35 Multimodal Logistics Parks is planned under Bharatmala Pariyojana with an investment of about ₹46,000 crore, capable of handling around 700 million metric tonnes of cargo once operational.

To improve user comfort and convenience, the Ministry plans state-of-the-art Wayside Amenities (WSAs) at intervals of 40–60 km along National Highways on PPP mode.

Under Parvatmala Pariyojana, the Ministry envisages development of safe, economical, efficient and world-class ropeway infrastructure to improve connectivity, decongest urban areas and enhance last-mile logistics efficiency in hilly regions.

The Prime Minister inaugurates the 12-km-long Sonamarg Tunnel in Jammu & Kashmir, constructed at a cost of over ₹2,700 crore, and inaugurates and lays foundation stones for multiple road projects at Katra, including the Rafiabad–Kupwara NH widening project worth over ₹1,952 crore.

Landmark Urban Decongestion Projects Including Dwarka Expressway and UER-II Inaugurated in Delhi

The Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways flag off the first-ever trials of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, launched by Tata Motors in New Delhi.

The Cashless Treatment of Road Accident Victims Scheme, 2025 is notified on a pan-India basis, providing treatment cover of up to ₹1.5 lakh per victim at designated hospitals across the country.

The Ministry strengthens vehicle safety standards through mandatory High Security Registration Plates (HSRP) and advances provisions related to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in new vehicles.

MoRTH operationalizes 123 Registered Vehicle Scrapping Facilities across 21 States/UTs and 160 Automated Testing Stations across 19 States/UTs; cumulatively 3.58 lakh vehicles are scrapped till November 2025.

Under the Rah-Veer Scheme, the financial incentive for Good Samaritans increases from ₹5,000 to ₹25,000 per incident, with 10 national-level awards of ₹1 lakh each instituted annually.

The BhoomiRashi Portal enables end-to-end digitization of highway land acquisition with PFMS-linked direct compensation, strengthening efficiency and transparency.

The Ministry introduces a FASTag-based Annual Pass for non-commercial vehicles at ₹3,000 for 200 fee plaza crossings; 36.13 lakh passes are sold, generating ₹1,084 crore in user fee collection till November 2025.

The Government decides to implement barrier-free Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) using Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) cameras on selected National Highway stretches, enabling seamless tolling alongside FASTag.

NHAI Receives Gold Award for Successful Implementation of Drone Analytics Monitoring System (DAMS) in National Highways Maintenance by DARPG

1. NATIONAL HIGHWAYS: CONSTRUCTION & ACHIEVEMENTS

1.1 Road Network in the Country: India has the second largest road network in the world and its National Highways span a total length of 1,46,560 km, forming the primary arterial network of the country. The Government of India has undertaken several initiatives to enhance and strengthen the National Highways network through flagship programmes such as the Bharatmala Pariyojana which includes the subsumed National Highway Development Project (NHDP), the Special Accelerated Road Development Programme for the North-East Region (SARDP-NE), the Special Programme for the development of roads in Left Wing Extremism-affected Areas (LWE), including the development of the Vijayawada-Ranchi Road, and Externally Aided Projects (EAP).

1.2 National Highway Network

The National Highway (NH) network has grown around 61%, rising from 91,287 km in 2014 to 146,560 km currently.

The length of operational access-controlled National High Speed Corridors (HSCs) / Expressways has increased from 93 km in 2014 to 3,052 km at present — an increase of about 3,180%.

The length of 4-lane and above National Highways (including Access controlled HSCs / Expressways) has more than doubled, expanding from 18,371 km in 2014 to 43,512 km at present.

1.3 Award and Construction of National Highways

Sr. No.	Year	Awards (in km)	Construction (in km)	Construction (in km / day)
1	2014-15	7972	4,410	12.1
2	2015-16	10098	6,061	16.6
3	2016-17	15948	8,231	22.6
4	2017-18	17055	9,829	26.9
5	2018-19	5493	10,855	29.7
6	2019-20	8948	10,237	28.1
7	2020-21	10964	13,327	36.5
8	2021-22	12731	10,457	28.6
9	2022-23	12376	10,331	28.3
10	2023-24	8581	12,349	33.83
11	2024-25	7538	10,660	29.21
12	2025-26 (till Nov’25)	1951	4,612	17.06

1.4 Bharatmala Pariyojana (including Subsumed National Highways Development Project (NHDP))

The Public Investment Board (PIB) recommended the proposal during its meeting held on 16th June, 2017. Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved the Bharatmala Phase-I in October, 2017.

The status of various components of Bharatmala Pariyojana as on 30th November, 2025 is as under:

Component	Length (in km)	Total Length Completed (in km)
Component	Length (in km)	Up to 30.11.2025
Economic Corridors	8,737	6,896
Inter Corridors Roads	2,889	2,397
Feeder Roads	973	702
National Corridors	1,777	1,516
National Corridor Efficiency Improvement	824	767
Expressways	2,422	1,994
Border Roads & International Connectivity Roads	1,619	1,466
Coastal Roads	77	72
Port Connectivity Roads	348	154
Balance Road Works under NHDP	6,758	5,633
Total – Bharatmala	26,425	21,597

Mode wise status of works awarded under Bharatmala Pariyojana is as under:

Mode of Implementation	Awarded
Mode of Implementation	Length (km)	Total Capital Cost (Rs Cr)	% Length
EPC	14,748	4,06,024	56%
HAM	11,269	4,36,522	43%
BOT Toll	408	11,111	1%
Grand Total	26,425	8,53,656	100%

1.5 Special Accelerated Road Development Programme for North-East Region (SARDP-NE)

The status of works taken up under SARDP-NE as on November, 2025 is as under:

Total Length (in km)	Length Completed (in km)
5,998 (Original: 6,418)	5,859

1.6 Left Wing Extremism affected Area (LWE) including Development of Vijayawada-Ranchi Road

The status of works taken up under LWE, including Development of Vijayawada-Ranchi Road, as on 30th November 2025 is as under:

Total Length (in km)	Length Completed (in km)
6,014	5,825

1.7 Externally Aided Projects (EAP)

The status of works taken up under EAP [with loan assistance from World Bank / Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) / Asian Development Bank (ADB)] as on November, 2025 is as under:

Total Length (in km)	Length Completed (in km)
2,978	2,604

1.8 NH (O)

The NHs which are not covered under any schemes are prioritised for development in a phased manner based on the traffic requirement under National Highway (Original) works with project based appraisal / approvals undertaken within available budget.

At present, works in about 28,000 km NH length costing about Rs. 7.70 lakh crore are under implementation in the country.

1.9 Maintenance and Repair (M&R) of NH Network

MoRTH is focusing on both development and maintenance of NHs to ensure their traffic worthiness.
The M&R of stretches of NHs, where development works have commenced or Operation, Maintenance and Transfer (OMT) Concessions/ Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Contracts have been awarded, are the responsibility of the concerned Concessionaires/ Contractors till the end of the Defect Liability Period (DLP)/ the Concession Period. Similarly, for NHs stretches undertaken under TOT (Toll Operate and Transfer) and InvIT (Infrastructure Investment Trust), M&R responsibility lies with concerned Concessionaire till the end of the Concession Period. No separate maintenance expenditure is incurred in respect of these NHs stretches.
For all remaining sections of NHs stretches, the Government has prioritized the maintenance and inter-alia evolved a mechanism to ensure M&R of all NHs sections through accountable maintenance agency through Performance based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) or Short Term Maintenance Contract (STMC). Average annual expenditure of Rs. 7,400 Crore has been incurred by MoRTH on M&R of such NHs stretches during the last three years.
Out of total 1.46 lakh km NH network, development works have been taken up in about 34,000 km length while another 59,000 km length is under DLP / Concession Period and 45,000 km under maintenance through Short Term maintenance Contract (STMC) and Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) works.
Furthermore, balance length is planned to be brought under maintenance contracts during FY 2025–26, ensuring full transition toward the target of 100% NH network coverage under maintenance by FY 25–26.
While STMC works are generally undertaken for a contract period of 1-2 year, PBMC works are undertaken for a contract period of about 5-7 years.

1.10 Asset Monetization:

MoRTH has cumulatively monetised ₹1,52,028 crore through various modes of Asset Monetization till Nov’25. MoRTH has targeted to raise ₹30,000 crore through various modes of Asset Monetization during the current FY 2025-26.

(i) TOT Model - Under this model, the right of collection of user fee (toll) in respect of selected operational highways constructed through public funding are assigned through a concession agreement as a result of bidding for a specified period of 15-30 years to the Concessionaire against upfront payment of a lump-sum amount quoted to the Government/NHAI. During the concession period, the responsibility for operations and maintenance of the road assets rests with the Concessionaire. MoRTH has monetised ₹58,265 crore through Toll Operate Transfer (TOT) till Nov’25. Further, ₹9,270 crore has already been awarded under TOT mode during the current FY 2025-26.

(ii) InVIT Model - NHAI has set up an InvIT under the SEBI InvIT Regulations, 2014, in which NHAI is having 16% stake apart from main investors (CPPIB, OTPP etc.). InvIT is a pooled investment vehicle that issues units to investors, while having three entities for management of the Trust - Trustee, Investment Manager and Project Manager. The three entities have defined roles and responsibilities under the SEBI Regulations. MoRTH has monetised ₹43,638 crore through InvIT, till Nov’25.

(iii) Securitization through SPV Model: A SPV/DME (100% owned by NHAI) has been created by bundling road assets under consideration and securitizing the future user fee from road assets. NHAI will collect toll, maintain the road assets and periodically transfer payments to the SPV sufficient for servicing debt obligations at SPV level. Rs. 50,125 crore has been raised so far through this mode (DME- Delhi Mumbai Expressway) by NHAI.

1.11 Relief for Contractors/Developers of the Road Sector

To enhance private participation in highway projects, contracts (MCA) is being updated - BOT revamped for 1st time since 2007-08; IMC completed & under finalization; HAM MCA being finalized; EPC will be post HAM.
To widen investment scope, MoRT&H has planned to introduce Public InvIT - Raajmarg InvIT. SEBI clearance is under process and target to issue in January’26.
In line with Budget FY25-26, MoRTH has identified a PPP project pipeline of 13,400 km projects with cost Rs. 8.3 Lakh Cr to be developed in PPP mode over the next 3 years.

2. LOGISTICS & ALLIED HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE

2.1. Multi Modal Logistics Parks (MMLPs)

The Ministry finalized the Model Concessionaire Agreement (MCA) for the Multi-Modal Logistics Parks (MMLPs) in October 2021 through an elaborate process of Inter-Ministerial consultations. In addition to the MCA, the Ministry, in November 2021, also finalized and approved the Model RFP document of selection of Concessionaire for development of MMLPs.

A network of 35 Multimodal Logistics Parks is planned to be developed as part of Bharatmala Pariyojana, with a total investment of about Rs. 46,000 crore, which once operational, shall be able to handle around 700 million metric tonnes of cargo. Of this, MMLPs at 15 prioritized locations will be developed with a total investment of about Rs. 22,000 crore.

These MMLPs shall serve as regional cargo aggregation and distribution hubs for various industrial and agricultural nodes, consumer hubs and EXIM gateways such as seaports with multi-modal connectivity. In certain cases, the MMLPs are also being developed in tandem with the Inland Waterway Terminals under the Sagarmala Pariyojana to further reduce the cost of inland cargo movement at a much larger scale as compared to conventional road-based movement.

2.1.1 All these MMLPs are being developed on PPP-DBFOT basis having Concession Period of 45 years. MMLPs will have facility for modal shift, Inland Container Depot (ICD), Container yard, Warehouses, Cold storage, Truck parking, Fuel pump, EV charging, Commercial area, truckers facilities etc. The status of MMLPs awarded in as below.

2.1.2 Status of Awarded MMLPs

S. No.	MMLP	State	Location	Land (Area)	Investment (Rs. Cr.)	Mode
1	Jogighopa	Assam	Jogighopa	190	694	EPC
2	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	Mappedu	181	1423	PPP
3	Indore	Madhya Pradesh	Pithampur	255	1111	PPP
4	Bangalore	Karnataka	Dabbaspete	400	177	PPP
5	Jalna	Maharashtra	Jalna	63	66	EPC

These projects, when completed, will contribute significantly to the growth of India's logistics sector with reduction in carbon emission and strengthen the country's infrastructure.

The Bids have been invited for MMLP Anantapur, Pune and Nashik and work of preparation of Feasibility Study Reports is in progress for MMLP at Patna, Jammu, Coimbatore & Hyderabad.

2.2 Way Side Amenities (WSA)

To improve the comfort and convenience of the Highway users, the Ministry has planned the development of state-of-the-art Wayside Amenities (WSA) at about every 40-60 km along the National Highways on PPP mode. These facilities are aimed to provide multiple options of rest and refreshment for the highway commuters during their journey. Some of the mandatory facilities being developed at each WSA are fuel stations, EV charging stations, food court/restaurants, dhabas, convenience stores, clean and hygienic toilet facilities, drinking water, first aid/medical room including childcare room, dedicated area for promoting local artisans, car/bus/truck parking, Trucker facilities like Dhaba's, dormitories, drone landing facilities/ helipad etc.

A total of 700+ WSAs were planned to be awarded along the National Highways. Out of this 700+ WSA sites planned, a total of 510 WSA have already been awarded till Nov 2025 and out of which 110 sites are operational. These WSAs offer huge opportunities for investors, developers, operators and retailers. All upcoming Greenfield Access-controlled Highway projects are provisioned to have Wayside Amenities. This will also promote local economy by generating employment opportunities and help local people to market their unique produces/handicrafts etc. at village hats developed at these places.

2.3 Ropeways

Ministry has Development Programme - Parvatmala Pariyojana across the country to improve connectivity & convenience for commuters in hilly regions and to decongest urban areas where conventional mode of transport is saturated or not feasible. Under this program, the Ministry envisages provision of safe, economical, convenient, efficient, self-sustainable & world-class ropeway infrastructure providing first & last mile connectivity to improve logistics efficiency in India.

Under Parvatmala Pariyojana, ropeway projects of ~60 km length are planned for award by FY 2023-24 as per the Budget Announcement. Out of these, 05 ropeway projects of 11.01 Km are under implementation on HAM mode viz. Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh), Bijli Mahadev (Himachal Pradesh), Dhosi Hill (Haryana), Mahakaleshwar Temple, Ujjain (Madhya Pradesh) and Sangam Prayagraj (Uttar Pradesh).

02 ropeway projects of 25.45 Km are awarded on DBFOT basis viz. Sonprayag - Kedarnath (Uttarakhand), Govindghat - Hemkund Sahib (Uttarakhand) and 01 ropeway project at Tikitoriya Mata Temple (Madhya Pradesh) on EPC basis.,

02 ropeway projects of 1.69 Km are under advance stage of award viz. Ramtek Gad Temple (Maharashtra) and Shankaracharya Temple (Jammu and Kashmir).

02 projects i.e viz. Kamakhya Temple (Assam) and Brahmagiri to Anjaneri at Trimbakeshwar, Nashik (Maharashtra) are submitted to MoRTH for approval.

02 projects are under feasibility stage i.e Tawang Monastery PT Tso Lake (Arunachal Pradesh) and Kathgodam - Hanuman Garhi Temple Nainital (Uttarakhand).

3. MAJOR EVENTS OF 2025

3.1 INAUGURATIONS / LAYING OF FOUNDATION STONE BY HON’BLE PRIME MINISTER

Jammu & Kashmir: Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated the Sonamarg tunnel in Jammu & Kashmir on 13 January, 2025. The Sonamarg Tunnel project, around 12 km long, has been constructed at a cost of over Rs 2,700 crore. It comprises the Sonamarg main tunnel of 6.4 km length, an egress tunnel and approach roads. Situated at an altitude of over 8,650 feet above sea level, it will enhance all-weather connectivity between Srinagar and Sonamarg enroute to Leh, bypassing landslide and avalanche routes and ensuring safer and uninterrupted access to the strategically critical Ladakh region. It will also promote tourism by transforming Sonamarg into a year-round destination, boosting winter tourism, adventure sports, and local livelihoods.
Jammu & Kashmir: In a major boost to last mile connectivity especially in border areas, Hon’ble Prime Minister laid the foundation stone and inaugurated various road projects at Katra, Jammu & Kashmir on 6th June, 2025. He laid the foundation stone of road widening project from Rafiabad to Kupwara on National Highway-701 and the construction of Shopian bypass road on NH-444 worth over Rs 1,952 crore. He also inaugurated two flyover projects at Sangrama Junction on National Highway-1 in Srinagar and at Bemina Junction on National Highway-44. These projects will ease traffic congestion and enhance traffic flow for the commuters.
Chhattisgarh: Enhancing the road infrastructure in the region, Hon’ble Prime Minister dedicated to the nation the upgraded Jhalmala to Sherpar section of NH-930 (37 Km) and Ambikapur-Pathalgaon section of NH-43 (75 Km) to 2 Laning with paved shoulder in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh on 30th March, 2025. Prime Minister also laid the foundation stone for the upgradation of Kondagaon- Narayanpur section of NH-130D(47.5Km) to 2 Lane with paved shoulder. These projects worth over Rs 1,270 crore will significantly improve accessibility to tribal and industrial regions leading to holistic development of the region.
Uttar Pradesh: Hon’ble Prime Minister laid the foundation stone and inaugurated various development projects worth over Rs 3,880 crore in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh on 11th April, 2025. Furthermore, he laid the foundation stone for a road bridge between Varanasi Ring Road and Sarnath, flyovers at Bhikharipur and Manduadih crossings of the city and a highway underpass road tunnel on NH-31 at the Varanasi International Airport worth over Rs 980 crore.

Uttar Pradesh: In line with commitment to improve road connectivity in Varanasi, Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated and laid the foundation stone of several key infrastructure projects in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh on 2nd August, 2025. He inaugurated the widening and strengthening of the Varanasi-Bhadohi Road and Chhitauni- Shool Tankeshwar road; and Railway Overbridge at Hardattpur, to ease congestion on the Mohan Sarai - Adalpura Road. He laid the foundation stone for comprehensive road widening and strengthening across multiple rural and urban corridors, including Dalmandi, Lahartara-Kotwa, Gangapur, Babatpur among others and Railway Overbridges at Level Crossing 22C and Khalispur Yard.
Haryana: Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated and laid the foundation stone of various development projects in Yamuna Nagar, Haryana on 14th April, 2025. On the occasion he also inaugurated the 14.4 km Rewari Bypass project, worth around Rs 1,070 crore under the Bharatmala Pariyojana. It will decongest Rewari city, reduce Delhi–Narnaul travel time by around one hour, and boost economic and social activity in the region.
Andhra Pradesh: In line with his commitment to ensure world-class infrastructure and connectivity across the country, Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated 7 National Highway projects in Andhra Pradesh on 2nd May, 2025. These Projects include widening of various sections of National Highways, construction of Road over bridge and subway among others. These projects will further enhance road safety; create employment opportunities; provide seamless connectivity to religious and tourist places like Tirupati, Srikalahasti, Malakonda and Udayagiri Fort among others.
Andhra Pradesh: To enhance road infrastructure, Hon’ble Prime Minister on 16 October, 2025 in Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh laid the foundation stone for the six-lane Greenfield Highway from Sabbavaram to Sheelanagar over Rs. 960 crores, aimed at easing congestion in Visakhapatnam and facilitating trade and employment. In addition, six road projects worth around a total of Rs. 1,140 crores will be inaugurated, including the four-laning of the Pileru–Kalur section, widening from Kadapa/Nellore border to CS Puram, the four-lane Rail over Bridge (ROB) between Gudivada and Nujella Railway Stations on NH-165, the major bridge across Papagni River on NH-716, the Kanigiri Bypass on NH-565, and the improvement of the bypassed section in N. Gundlapalli Town on NH-544DD. These projects will improve safety, reduce travel time, and strengthen regional connectivity across Andhra Pradesh.

Rajasthan: Hon’ble Prime Minister laid the foundation stone for construction of 3 Vehicle Underpasses, widening and strengthening of National highways in Bikaner, Rajasthan on 22nd May, 2025. The roadways projects, worth over Rs 4850 crore, will facilitate smoother movement of goods and people. The highways extend up to the Indo-Pak border, enhancing accessibility for security forces and strengthening India's defence infrastructure.
Rajasthan: In a major boost to road infrastructure, Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated multiple road projects related to National and State Highways in Barmer, Ajmer, Dungarpur districts among others on 25th September, 2025 in Banswara, Rajasthan. These projects worth over Rs 2,630 crore will improve regional road connectivity, ensure smoother traffic and enhance road safety.

Bihar: In a major boost to the road infrastructure and connectivity in the region, Hon’ble Prime Minister laid the foundation stone for various road projects including the Four-Laning of the Patna–Arrah–Sasaram section of NH-119A, and the Six-Laning of the Varanasi–Ranchi–Kolkata highway (NH-319B) and Ramnagar–Kacchi Dargah stretch (NH-119D), and construction of a new Ganga bridge between Buxar and Bharauli at Karakat, Bihar on 30th May, 2025. These projects will create seamless high-speed corridors in the state along with boosting trade and regional connectivity. He also inaugurated the four Laning of Patna – Gaya – Dobhi section of NH – 22, worth around Rs 5,520 crore and four Laning of the elevated highway and at grade improvements at Gopalganj Town on NH – 27, among others.
Bihar: In a major boost to road infrastructure in the region, Hon’ble Prime Minister laid the foundation stone for 4-laning of Ara bypass of NH-319 that connects Ara-Mohania NH-319 and Patna-Buxar NH-922 providing seamless connectivity and reducing travel time, in Motihari, Bihar on 18th July, 2025. He also inaugurated the 4-lane Parariya to Mohania section of NH-319, worth over Rs 820 crore, part of NH-319 which connects Ara Town to NH-02 (Golden Quadrilateral) that will improve freight and passenger movement. Among others, a 2-lane with paved shoulder from Sarwan to Chakai of NH-333C which will facilitate the movement of goods and people and act as a key link between Bihar and Jharkhand.

Bihar: In line with his commitment to improving connectivity, Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated the 8.15 km long Aunta–Simaria bridge project on NH-31, including the 1.86 km long 6 lane Bridge on river Ganga, constructed at a cost of over Rs 1,870 crore, at Gaya in Bihar on 22 August, 2025. It will provide direct connectivity between Mokama in Patna and Begusarai. The bridge has been constructed parallel to an old 2-lane dilapidated rail-cum-road bridge “Rajendra Setu” which is in poor condition forcing heavy vehicles to re-route. The new bridge will reduce this extra travel distance of more than 100 km for the heavy vehicles travelling between North Bihar (Begusarai, Supaul, Madhubani, Purnea, Araria etc) and South Bihar areas (Sheikhpura, Nawada, Lakhisarai etc). It will also help reduce issues of traffic jams in other parts of the region due to the detour which these vehicles were forced to take. It will boost economic growth in the adjoining areas, especially in North Bihar, which are dependent on South Bihar and Jharkhand for getting necessary raw material. It will also provide better connectivity to the famous pilgrimage place of Simaria Dham, which is also the birthplace of famous poet Late Shri Ramdhari Singh Dinkar. He also inaugurated the four-lane Bakhtiyarpur to Mokama section of NH-31, worth around Rs 1,900 crore, which will ease congestion, reduce travel time, and enhance passenger and freight movement. Further, improvement to the two-lane with paved shoulders of Bikramganj–Dawath–Nawanagar–Dumraon section of NH-120 in Bihar will improve connectivity in rural areas, providing new economic opportunities for the local population.
West Bengal: Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated two road over bridges (ROBs) constructed under Setu Bharatam Programme, worth over Rs 380 crore, at Topsi and Pandabeshwar in Paschim Bardhaman on 18th July in Durgapur, West Bengal. It will improve connectivity and also help in preventing accidents on Railway level crossing.
West Bengal: In a major boost to road infrastructure in the region, Hon’ble Prime Minister also laid the foundation stone of 7.2 km long six-lane elevated Kona Expressway worth over Rs 1,200 crore in Kolkata at West Bengal on 22nd August, 2025. It will enhance connectivity between Howrah, surrounding rural areas, and Kolkata, saving hours of travel time and giving significant boost to trade, commerce, and tourism in the region.
Tamil Nadu: Hon’ble Prime Minister on 26th July, 2025 dedicated two strategically significant highway projects in Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu. The first is the 4-laning of the 50 km Sethiyathope–Cholapuram stretch of NH-36, developed at more than ₹2,350 crore under the Vikravandi–Thanjavur corridor. It includes three bypasses, a 1-km four-lane bridge over the Kollidam River, four major bridges, seven flyovers, and several underpasses, reducing travel time by 45 minutes between Sethiyathope–Cholapuram and boosting connectivity to Delta region’s cultural and agricultural hubs. The second project is the 6-laning of the 5.16 km NH-138 Thoothukudi Port Road, built at around ₹200 crore. Featuring underpasses and bridges, it will ease cargo flow, cut logistics costs, and support port-led industrial growth around V.O. Chidambaranar Port.

Delhi: Hon’ble Prime Minister inaugurated two major National Highway projects worth a combined cost of nearly Rs.11,000 crore at Rohini, Delhi on 17th August, 2025. The projects — the Delhi section of the Dwarka Expressway and the Urban Extension Road-II (UER-II) — have been developed under the Government’s comprehensive plan to decongest the capital, with the objective of greatly improving connectivity, cutting travel time, and reducing traffic in Delhi and its surrounding areas. These initiatives reflect Prime Minister Modi’s vision of creating world-class infrastructure that enhances ease of living and ensures seamless mobility. The 10.1 km long Delhi section of Dwarka Expressway has been developed at a cost of around Rs. 5,360 crores. The section will also provide Multi-modal connectivity to Yashobhoomi, DMRC Blue line and Orange line, upcoming Bijwasan railway station and Dwarka cluster Bus Depot.

Manipur: In line with his commitment to improve road connectivity Hon’ble Prime Minister announced 5 National Highway projects worth more than Rs 2,500 crore at Churachandpur in Manipur on 13th September, 2025.
Assam: Hon’ble Prime Minister on 14th September 2025 in Darrang, Assam laid the foundation stone of Guwahati Ring Road Project that will enhance urban mobility, decongest traffic, and improve connectivity in and around the capital city; and Kuruwa–Narengi Bridge over River Brahmaputra improving connectivity and promoting socio-economic development in the region.

3.2 INAUGURATIONS / LAYING OF FOUNDATION STONE BY MINISTER & MINISTERS OF STATE FOR ROAD TRANSPORT & HIGHWAYS

New Delhi: Hon’ble Union Minister for Roads Transport and Highways flagged off the first-ever trials of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks launched by Tata Motors in New Delhi on 4th March, 2025. The historic trial, marks a significant step towards sustainable long-distance cargo transportation in the country, as Tata Motors underscores its commitment to leading the charge in sustainable mobility solutions, aligning with India’s broader green energy goals. It marks a significant step forward in assessing the real-world commercial viability of using hydrogen powered vehicles for long distance haulage as well as setting-up the requisite enabling infrastructure for their seamless operation.
Uttar Pradesh: Hon’ble Union Minister of State for Road Transport and Highways & Corporate Affairs, Shri Harsh Malhotra on 20th May, 2025 laid the foundation stone for 5 vehicular underpasses – Baghnath, Ken Union Chowk, Fazilnagar, Salemgarh and Patheria in Kushinagar. The vehicular underpasses, which were envisioned as an important step towards decongestion and reducing road casualties are being developed at an estimated total cost of Rs. 111 crores with a combined length of 5.4 km and are scheduled to be completed by end of 2026.
Karnataka: Hon’ble Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways inaugurated and laid the foundation stone for 9 National Highway projects spanning 88 km, with an investment exceeding ₹2,000 crore, in Sagara Town, Shivamogga, Karnataka on 14 July, 2025. The newly inaugurated Sharavathi Bridge is poised to significantly improve connectivity between the Malnad and coastal regions, while also facilitating easier access to important pilgrimage centres such as the Sigandur Chowdeshwari and Kollur Mookambika temples. The widening of the 47-kilometre-long Bidar–Humnabad section of NH-367 will substantially reduce travel time between the districts of Kalaburagi and Bidar. Restoration works undertaken in the Shiradi Ghat stretch of NH-75 are expected to ensure safe and uninterrupted traffic movement during the monsoon season, particularly along the vital Mangaluru–Bengaluru corridor.
Andhra Pradesh: Hon’ble Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways inaugurated and laid the foundation stone for 29 National Highway projects covering 272 km, with an investment of over ₹5,233 crore, in Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh on 2 August, 2025. Alongside this, foundation stones are being laid for 27 additional projects aimed at enhancing connectivity across Andhra Pradesh. These will improve access to religious sites like Tirupati, Srisailam, and Kadiri, and tourist destinations such as Horsley Hills and Vodarevu Beach. Seamless links to economic hubs—Sri City, Krishnapatnam Port, and Tirupati Airport will be established.
Puducherry: Hon’ble Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways inaugurated and laid the foundation stone for 3 National Highway projects worth over ₹2,000 crore in Puducherry on 13th October, 2025. This includes the foundation stone laying for the construction of a 4 km elevated corridor between Indira Gandhi Square and Rajiv Gandhi Square on NH-32, improvements to the 14 km ECR Road on NH-332A, and the inauguration of the 38 km four-lane Puducherry–Poondiyankuppam section of NH-32. These projects are designed to enhance road safety and ease traffic congestion within the urban stretch from Indira Gandhi Square to Rajiv Gandhi Square, reducing travel time from 35 minutes to just 10 minutes. They will also decongest Puducherry’s urban areas, resulting in significant fuel savings, reduced vehicular emissions, and lower operating costs.

3.3 OTHER EVENTS, ACTIVITIES AND CAMPAIGNS

Special Campaign 5.0

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) and its agencies successfully concluded the Special Campaign for Disposal of Pending Matters 5.0 from 2nd to 31st October, 2025. The campaign was launched in the MoRTH by Shri Harsh Malhotra, Minister of State for Road Transport and Highways on 2nd October, by administering Swachhata Pledge undertaking Cleanliness drive in Transport Bhawan. The Ministry has achieved 100% target in Record Management (review of old physical/e-files (18,616) and cleanliness activities. MoRTH and its agencies carried out cleanliness activities at more than 15,000 sites, which included offices, construction camps/sites, NH stretches, Toll Plazas, wayside amenities, Road-side Dhabas, Bus Stops, flyovers etc. Further, Ministry has achieved 99% targets in disposal of Public Grievances (1,147) and Public Grievance Appeals (522). Further, Ministry has disposed 92% i.e. 671 out of 730 identified pending MP references. During the period 10 out of 13 pending PMO References have also been disposed of. Space management and beautification was carried out at various office premises and more than 220 sq ft. of office space was freed up and more than 640 kg of office scrap was also disposed of.

Clean Toilet Picture Challenge

Under the ‘Special Campaign 5.0’, NHAI launched a unique ‘Clean Toilet Picture Challenge’, on 13th October, 2025, under which the National Highway users could report a dirty toilet and get rewarded. The drive encouraged highway users to report dirty toilets at Toll Plazas along the National Highway, rewarding such reports to ensure clean and hygienic facilities. The initiative was open to all National Highway users for reporting dirty toilets by uploading geo-tagged pictures through the latest version of the ‘Rajmargyatra’ app and providing details such as user’s name, location, Vehicle Registration Number and Mobile number. The drive is a part of Government of India’s ‘Special Campaign 5.0’ that reaffirms commitment towards ensuring cleanliness, transparency, and efficiency in governance. Each Vehicle Registration Number (VRN) reporting such instances was eligible for a reward of Rs.1,000 (Rupees One Thousand) in the form of FASTag recharge that was credited to the linked VRN provided by the Highway user.

4. ROAD TRANSPORT

The Ministry is responsible for the formulation of broad policies relating to regulation of road transport in the country, besides making/monitoring arrangements for vehicular traffic to and from neighboring countries. The following Acts/Rules, which embody the policy relating to motor vehicles and State Road Transport Corporations (SRTCs), are being administered by the Ministry:

l. Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
m.Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989
n.Road Transport Corporations Act, 1950
o.Carriage by Road Act, 2007
p.Carriage by Road Rules, 2011

4.1 Strengthening ITS in Public Transport System

i. The Ministry has appraised the existing scheme namely “Strengthening ITS in Public Transport System”’ to provide financial assistance to State/UT Governments for use of latest technologies such as GPS/ GSM based vehicle tracking system, computerised reservation/ ticketing system, inter-modal fare integration, passenger information system etc. The Scheme includes cost of capital expenditure of ITS hardware, software, application development, operation, planning, management, administrative work, and appointment of Project Management Unit (PMU).

ii. The Transport Bodies such as State Transport Undertakings, State Transport Corporations, Public Private Partnerships and State Government Bodies (including hilly regions and North-east States) are eligible to avail the financial assistance under the Scheme.

iii. The duration of the scheme is for 4 years (FY 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25 and 2025-26 i.e., during remaining period of 15th Finance Commission Cycle). The total outlay of the Scheme is estimated to be Rs.175 Crore from Ministry. Previous Scheme had fund of share of 50% by Ministry but the revamped scheme has fund share of 70% by Ministry and remaining 30% will be contributed by respective Transport Bodies.

iv. As on date, 13 proposals of KSRTC, TSRTC, GSRTC, Bhopal BCLL, Sikkim SNT Mira Bhainder MBMTU, Assam ASTC, Puducherry PRTC, NMMT Navi Mumbai, Rajasthan RSRTC, Uttar Pradesh UPSRTC, Nagaland NST an Chandigarh CTU have been sanctioned amounting to Rs.250 Cr (Central Share of Rs. 175 Cr).

4.2 Citizen Centric Initiatives

4.2.1 Divyangjan-friendly measures: The grounds for applying for temporary registration has been expanded, to include cases of fully built motor vehicles which are to be altered for conversion to an adapted vehicle. Provision has been made to reflect ownership type as Divyangjan during vehicle purchase to provide GST benefits. Provisions have been made to allow alteration of motor vehicles suited to the requirements of Divyangjan. Such adapted vehicles are now eligible to be registered and for which driving license may be procured. Further, relaxation in eligibility criteria of DL has been provided to facilitate persons with mild to medium color blindness to obtain DL, for which they were not eligible earlier. An advisory has been issued by the Ministry regarding facilitation of the vehicles whose ownership type is Divyangjan. Another advisory was issued by the Ministry regarding issuance of driving licence to Divyangjan for e-rickshaws / e-carts.

4.2.2 Cashless Treatment to Road Accident Victims: Cashless Treatment of Road Accident Victims Scheme, 2025 (Scheme) has been notified on a pan India basis vide S.O. 2015(E) dated the 5th May, 2025 and the Guidelines of the Scheme have been notified vide S.O. 2489(E) dated the 4th June, 2025. Under this Scheme any person who is a victim of road accident caused by the use of a motor vehicle shall be entitled to treatment cover upto Rs. 1.5 lakh per victim, subject to a maximum cap of 7 days from the date of accident at any designated hospital across the country.

4.2.3 Safety provisions of E-rickshaws and e-cart: G.S.R. 835(E) dated 11 November 2025, issued by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, introduces the Central Motor Vehicles (Seventh Amendment) Rules, 2025, bringing e-rickshaws and e-carts formally under the Central Motor Vehicles Rules (CMVR). This amendment expands the vehicle-category framework to explicitly include these electric vehicles, ensuring they fall under standardized requirements for type approval, registration, safety norms, and manufacturing compliance.

4.2.4 High Security Registration Plates (HSRP) and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS): G.S.R. 819(E) dated 03rd November, 2025 aims to strengthen national vehicle-security and safety standards by reinforcing mandatory High Security Registration Plates (HSRP) for all applicable vehicles and advancing provisions related to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in new vehicle models. The notification aims to curb vehicle theft, eliminate the use of duplicate or tampered number plates, and improve enforcement through secure, tamper-proof identification. At the same time, by laying regulatory groundwork for ADAS features—such as collision-warning, lane-support, and other safety-enhancing technologies—the amendment supports India’s broader road-safety strategy and aligns domestic vehicle standards with global best practices.

4.3 Development of State-wise Vehicle Tracking Platform in States / UTs (under Nirbhaya Framework)

Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has approved a scheme (on 15th January, 2020) for implementation of “Development, Customization, Deployment and Management of State-wise vehicle tracking platform for Safety & Enforcement as per AIS 140 Specifications in States / UTs under Nirbhaya Framework” at total estimated cost of Rs. 463.90 crore (including Central and State share, as per Nirbhaya Framework).

The proposed system envisages enhancing the safety of women and girl children by establishing Monitoring Centers across States/UTs, which shall track all the Public Service Vehicles (PSV) that are fitted with location tracking device and emergency buttons for raising an alert in case of emergency. The Monitoring Centre will monitor the alerts and coordinate with State Emergency Response Support System (SERSS) for responding to distress calls. MoRTH had earlier issued a notification dated 28th November, 2016, wherein Vehicle Location Tracking (VLT) device and emergency buttons were mandated to be fitted in all public service vehicles. Further, the responsibility of fitting VLT device and emergency buttons lies with the vehicle owner, and this scheme shall finance only the setting up of Monitoring Centre in each State/UT for the tracking of PSVs.

MoRTH has received proposals from all 36 States/UTs and disbursed funds of Rs. 255,60 Cr till date. MoRTH has been closely monitoring the implementation of this scheme. Total 18 States/UTs have commissioned the Monitoring Centers so far. More States/UTs are in advanced stages of commissioning the Monitoring Centers.

4.4 Business Centric initiatives

(i) Level playing field for bus body builders: Ministry has prescribed level playing field in the area of manufacturing of buses by OEMs and Bus Body Builders. The said regulations has come into effect from 1st September, 2025. As per the regulations, the Bus Body Builders in the unorganised sector will be also subjected to the type approval process (at par with the OEMs) instead of through the self-certification method, currently in vogue. In addition to the proposed applicability of such uniform test procedures, the bus body builders will also have to meet the applicable safety and performance requirements.

(ii) Tractor-Trailer Interchangeability: The regulatory framework for tractor–trailer interchangeability, ensuring that tractors and the trailers they tow meet uniform safety and coupling standards. The notification brings greater standardisation in mechanical couplers, electrical connectors, identification requirements, and tracking mechanisms, enabling only approved and compatible tractor–trailer combinations to operate on the road. By formalising interchangeability norms, the rule aims to curb the long-standing practice of using unregulated or locally fabricated trailers that compromise road safety. G.S.R. 834(E) aims to improving the safety, traceability and compliance of India’s haulage sector by ensuring that tractors and trailers function as an integrated, regulated combination.

(iii) Bharat New Car Assessment Program (Bharat NCAP): Bharat New Car Assessment Program (Bharat NCAP) was launched on 22nd August, 2023 at New Delhi with an aim to enhance road safety by elevating vehicle safety standards for up to 3.5-ton vehicles in India. This is a voluntary program in which the base variants of a given model shall be tested and will commence from 1st Oct 2023 based on Automotive Industry Standard (AIS) 197. The program aims to create ecosystem of competitive safety enhancements leading to increased awareness among consumers by which consumers can take an informed decision by making a comparative assessment on vehicle performance under crash test conditions. This program brings the opportunity to the OEMs to manufacture vehicles of global safety standards.

4.5 Policy for Data Sharing from the National Transport Repository

The National Transport Repository (NTR) serves as the central database for records including Vahan, Sarathi, eChallan, eDAR, and FASTag. As the NTR contains sensitive personal information accessed by various government and enforcement agencies for specific purposes, data sharing must be strictly regulated. This policy has been developed to ensure uniformity and legal compliance in data sharing. This policy provides clear guidelines in line with recent legal requirements regarding consent for sharing personal data. The policy outlines procedures and safeguards to ensure secure and lawful data sharing, supporting government functions, academic research, and promoting ease of living and ease of doing business. A detailed framework covering datasets, modes of sharing, and the request and approval process for Vahan, Sarathi, eChallan, eDAR, and FASTag has been formalized.

5. VOLUNTARY VEHICLE-FLEET MODERNIZATION PROGRAM (VVMP/ VEHICLE SCRAPPING POLICY)

5.1 Vehicle Scrapping and Testing Service:

MoRT&H has been successful in operationalizing 123 Registered Vehicle Scrapping Facility (RVSF) across 21 States/UTs (50+ RVSFs are under construction to improve geographical coverage) and 160 Automated Testing Station (ATS) across 19 States/UTs (further 340 in pipeline for establishment)

Cumulatively, 3.58 Lakh vehicles have been scrapped (including 1.59 Lakh government vehicles and 1.99 Lakh private vehicles) and 14.6 Lakh vehicles tested till November 2025.

5.2 Citizen Centric Initiatives:

5.2.1 The policy focuses on citizen centricity by allowing vehicles registered in any State to be fitness tested scrapped at any ATS RVSF in the country, A citizen receives a Certificate of Deposit (CD) issued only by RVSFs on scrapping their vehicles. To incentivize vehicles owners to scrap their vehicles at RVSFs, various incentives are provided by Government and Auto OEMs on new vehicles purchased against CDs:

• Concession in motor vehicle tax of up to 25% for Non-Transport vehicles and up to 15% for Transport vehicles which are purchased against Certificate of Deposit vide MoRTH GSR 720 (E). 27 States / UTs have announced the MV tax concession so far

• Waiver of Registration fees for all vehicles across the country which are purchased against a Certificate of Deposit In addition, Auto OEMs have agreed to provide discounts on vehicles purchased against CD, as detailed below:

• CVs: 7 OEMs covering 95% market (Tata, Eicher, Ashok Leyland, Mahindra, Isuzu Motors, SML Isuzu, Force) agreed discounts up to 3%.

• PVs: 11 OEMs covering 98% market (Maruti, Tata, Mahindra, Hyundai, Kia, Toyota Honda, JSW MG, Renault, Nissan, Skoda-Volkswagen) agreed lower of 1.5% discount OR Rs.20,000 and Mercedez Benz (12th OEM) has announced Rs. 25,000 discount.

5.2.2 In addition to the above financial incentives, there are a lot of non-financial incentives including:

• Reduction in pollution due to scrapping of old polluting vehicles: Ilt is estimated that on an average, the emissions from a single Pre-BS M&HCV are equivalent to -14 B$ VI M&HCVs. Similarly, emissions from a BS I and BS Il M&HCV are equivalent to -7 BS VI M&HCVs and -6 BS VI M&HCVs respectively.

• Environment-friendly safe disposal of End-of-Life Vehicles

• Better safety features in new vehicles versus old vehicles

• Lower maintenance costs in new vehicles versus old vehicles

5.2.3 Further, to disincentivize vehicle owners from using older vehicles, MoRTH has increased fees for registration, fitness certificate issuance and fitness testing of older vehicles vide MoRTH GSR 568 € & GSR 850€.

For citizen convenience and seamless experience to users, a digital infrastructure has been created on the Vahan portal for V-VMP to facilitate scrapping of end-of-life vehicles and fitness testing.

End-to-end digitisation of citizen journey of scrapping and vehicle fitness testing through Vahan modules (AFMS and VScrap) from booking appointment, submitting application, and issuing applicable certificates (e.g., certificate of deposit on scrapping, fitness test report and certificate)

Fully integrated portals with Vahan database enabling dynamic updation of records like vehicle scrapping status and fitness test results on real-time in respective national databases, eliminating additional manual interventions for citizen:

Citizen incentives linked to CD are configured across relevant state department portals to ensure seamless disbursement of benefits such as MV Tax concession and waiver of registration fee at all touchpoints.

Citizen awareness campaign has also been launched for vehicle owners to be informed of policy benefits.

5.3 Investment promotion and ease of doing business:

• The policy promoted private investment across RVSFs and ATSs where relaxed criteria was defined in MoRTH guidelines to obtain a registration certificate (RC) for setting up RVSFs and ATSs from the respective State Transport Departments.

• Regular investor summits conducted in collaboration with State Governments across 25 States to promote V-VMP policy attracting private investments by showcasing policy objectives, impact, and business opportunities, resulting in a pipeline of 70+ applications for RVSFs and 335+ for ATSs including those which are under construction and in the process of approval.

• Further, any registered investor business in the RVSF and ATS ecosystem is onboarded to the digital infrastructure created under V-VMP for ease of doing business.

• National Single Window System (NSWS): A single window digital clearance portal for investors providing all-in-one approval repository, real-time application status tracking and fast query management, helping streamline approval process between State Transport Dept. and investor.

• E-Auction of Government vehicles to RVSFs for scrapping: Dedicated e-auction portals developed by Metal Scrap Trade Corporation (MSTC) and Government eMarketplace (GeM), onboarded under V-VMP to facilitate transparent and structured exchange of Government vehicles older than 15 years between Government departments (Center, State, PSUs) and RVSFs, enabling price discovery and demand aggregation. RVSFs registered as per MoRTH guidelines can only participate in these auctions and purchase these vehicles for scrapping.

• Digitization of operations at RVSFs and ATSs: Leveraging Vahan modules under VVMP investors can digitally manage end-to-end lifecycle operations at ATS and RVSF . scheduling, booking acceptance, document verification, and certificate issuance. These portals enable seamless process, making it easier and cost-effective for investors to run their operations:

• AFMS portal enabling testing ecosystem: National Informatics Centre (NIC) has developed a module on Vahan for end-to-end lifecycle management of testing through ATS. The Automatic Fitness Management System (AFMS) provides the motor vehicle owners ability to book vehicle fitness tests, view fitness test results and fitness certificate and apply for re-tests. Automated Testing System (ATS) operators will be able to generate available test slots, manage bookings, update vehicle fitness status and upload fitness test results and fitness certificate. The application provides end-to- end visibility into vehicle testing process and its result, thus improving transparency. It also helps in maintaining digital recordings of visual tests. The AFMS portal is linked with other Vahan applications such that latest fitness status is updated across Vahan and may be used by the authorities for enforcement purposes.

• Vscrap portal enabling scrapping ecosystem: NIC has developed another module on Vahan for end-to-end lifecycle management of scrapping through RVSF. The Vscrap portal allows motor vehicle owners to submit online applications for scrapping their old vehicles at any Registered Vehicle Scrapping Facility (RVSF) in the country. The RVSF can accept the application form, negotiate the scrap value for old vehicle, generate a Certificate of Deposit (CD) as a proof of receipt of vehicle for scrapping and generate a Certificate of Vehicle Scrapping (CVS) as a proof of vehicle scrapped.

• CD trading portal: The ‘Certificate of Deposit’ issued to vehicle owners on submission of vehicle for scrapping is linked with multiple incentives on purchase of new vehicles. The incentives include waiver of registration fees, concession on MV Tax and discounts on ex-showroom price by OEMs. Vehicle owners can also trade the CD. To enable the CD trading Digi ELV portal has been developed by NCDEX.

5.4 Digital dashboards and data for compliance tracking:

Dedicated dashboards for real-time monitoring of ATS and RVSF operations allow tracking of policy metrics across Central Government and State Government, providing integrated data across portals that facilitates decision-making and supervision of notified rules.

• Digitally driven process for compliance supervision through audit functionality, enabling digital submission and scrutiny of audit reports via the NSWS portal, ensuring transparency across investors and competent Government authorities

5.5 Financial incentives to State Governments to expedite policy implementation:

• To increase the pace of implementation, incentives worth Rs. 2,000 crore extended to State Governments (on achieving V-VMP milestones in January-March 23) under Department of Expenditure’s (DoE) “Scheme for Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment for 2022-23

• Scheme for special assistance to states extended for2024-25 for Rs. 2,000 crore and Released by DoE vide their letter dated 22nd May to incentivize states to achieve their respective RVSF and ATS infrastructure set-up targets along with creation of initial demand by scrapping Government owned vehicles,

• Rs. 840 crore approved for disbursement by DoE across 16 State Governments on achievement of defined milestones under V-VMP

• Scheme for special assistance to states extended for 2024-25 for Rs. 3,000 crore

• Increased incentives for scrapping of Government and non-government vehicles

• Higher incentives for awarding and operationalisation of ATS

5.6 Current Policy Implementation Status:

5.6.1 Vehicle Scrapping (As on Nov 2025):

i. 123 RVSFs are operational across 21 States / UTs, 57 additional centers are under construction.

ii. As per projections, around 90 scrapping centers are required in India to cater to End of Life Vehicles (ELVs). However, to ensure geographical coverage, 145 RVSFs are required.

iii Approximately 3,60,000 vehicles scrapped in total of which around 1,60,000 are Government owned and around 2,00,000 are non-Government owned.

iv. Priority category Government vehicles scrapped – 23,245 police vehicles, 19,642 buses, 509 fire tenders, 3,872 ambulances.

v. Government vehicles contribute almost 45% of scrapped vehicles till date since we provided an initial impetus to the established RVSF infrastructure (supply-side ecosystem) by mandatory scrapping of Government vehicles older than 15 years.

vi. Monthly volume of Government owned vehicles scrapped is around 6,500 for FY25-26 YTD which is 125% of last year (around 5,200 monthly avg. scrapping volume in FY24- 25).

vii. For non-Government owned vehicles, while more initiatives to boost scrapping volume (demand-side initiatives) needs to be done, there has been a significant growth in scrapping volume.

viii. Monthly volume of non-Government owned vehicles scrapped is -12,500 for FY25-26 YTD which is around 215% of last year (5,800 monthly avg. scrapping volume in FY24 25)

5.6.2 Vehicle Fitness Testing (As on 05.12.2025):

i. 160 Automated Testing Stations are operational across 19 States / UTs, 99 facilities are under construction

ii. A total of around 500 automated testing stations are required in India.

iii. Monthly volume of ATS fitness testing is around 105,000 for FY25-26 YTD, which is around 235% more than last year (45,000 monthly avg. fitness tests at ATS in FY24-25).

6. ROAD SAFETY

6.1 Sadak Suraksha Mitra Program

Road crashes remain a significant public health and safety challenge in India. India reported 4,61,312 road accidents in 2022, with road traffic injuries identified as the leading cause of death for children and young adults aged 5-29 years (WHO). Alarmingly, around 25% fatalities involved individuals below the age of 25 years. Furthermore, individuals aged 18-45 years accounted for around 66% of the total road fatalities- a demographic that represents the nation's most economically productive group. These statistics emphasize the urgent need for local, district- level interventions to address road safety challenges and reduce fatalities. Many fatalities occur due to delayed emergency response, lack of first aid knowledge, and absence of structured community intervention. Recognizing the need for meaningful youth participation in road safety, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways and the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports, in collaboration with concerned stakeholders and MyBharat, planned the Youth-Led Road Safety Hotspots Initiative called Sadak Suraksha Mitra Program for Youth Volunteers.

The Sadak Suraksha Mitra Program for Youth Volunteers aims to:

a. Engage youths in road safety initiatives through structured studies of accidents spots.

b. Provide data-driven recommendations for rectification to District Road Safety Committees based on study of local context.

c. Enhance road safety measures at the district level through the support of trained volunteers.

d. Identify road safety challenges and assess the effectiveness of existing interventions.

e. Promote community engagement in road safety measures through youth participation.

f. Build a repository of grassroot-level insights to inform actions aimed to enhance road safety.

g. Exchange of Idea through MY Bharat Portal, empower and engage youth to become leaders and active citizens.

6.2 Sadak Suraksha Abhiyan

Sadak Suraksha Abhiyan is a nationwide road safety awareness initiative aimed at reducing road accidents, fatalities, and injuries by promoting safe road user behaviour and strengthening road safety measures across the country. The Abhiyan seeks to sensitize all categories of road users, including drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, school children, and enforcement agencies, about the importance of road safety and compliance with traffic laws. The campaign focuses on promoting adherence to key road safety practices such as wearing helmets and seat belts, prevention of over-speeding, drunken driving, and use of mobile phones while driving, along with improving pedestrian safety and responsible road use. The Sadak Suraksha Abhiyaan campaign scheduled from October 2025 to March 2026 with the approved budget of Rs. 24.97 Cr. The major topics to be covered under this scheme are categorized into several themes, including the Scheme for Cashless Treatment of Road Accident Victims, Vehicle Scrapping Policy and BNCAP, the Brand Umbrella Campaign, among others.

6.3 Scheme of setting up of IDTRs/RTDCs/DTCs.

The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways is implementing the Scheme for Setting up of Institutes of Driving Training and Research (IDTRs), Regional Driver Training Centres (RDTCs) and Driving Training Centres (DTCs) during the 15th Finance Commission Cycle period (2021–22 to 2025–26) with the objective of improving the quality of driver training and enhancing road safety across the country. The scheme guidelines have been reviewed and revised on 15.01.2025 and provides financial assistance for setting up of IDTRs, RDTCs and DTCs. Further, the revision aims to ensure wider geographical coverage, improved accessibility at regional and district levels, and optimal utilization of resources through a graded training ecosystem. The revised Scheme incorporates modern technologies, such as driving simulators and automated driving test tracks, to enhance transparency, objectivity, and quality in driver training and evaluation.

6.4 Rah-Veer (Erstwhile Good Samaritan Scheme)

The Good Samaritan Scheme was launched by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) on 3rd October, 2021, with the objective of motivating and rewarding citizens who voluntarily help road accident victims by administering immediate assistance and transporting them to the hospital within the “golden hour”. Under the original scheme, a cash reward of ₹5,000 per incident was provided to each Good Samaritan, along with a certificate of appreciation, after due verification by the District Appraisal Committee. Subsequently, to further enhance public participation and recognition, the scheme was revised and renamed as “Rah-Veer”, with the revised guidelines issued on 21st April, 2025. Under the Rah-Veer Scheme, the financial incentive has been increased from ₹5,000 to ₹25,000 per incident for each eligible Good Samaritan (now termed Rah-Veer). In cases where multiple persons assist the same victim, the amount is shared equally among them. Additionally, ten national-level awards of ₹1,00,000 each are to be conferred annually to the most exemplary Rah-Veers for their outstanding contribution in saving lives.

The revised scheme maintains the same broad framework for verification and disbursement, with district-level scrutiny, acknowledgment by hospitals or police, and payment through the State/UT Transport Department, reimbursed by MoRTH. The enhancement under the Rah-Veer scheme aims to significantly strengthen public response in providing immediate aid to accident victims and to promote a culture of compassion and timely assistance on Indian roads.

6.5 Electronic Monitoring and Enforcement of Road Safety

The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 enacted in August, 2019 and vide Section 136A provides for installation of electronic monitoring and enforcement of road safety on National Highways, State Highways, roads or in any urban city within a State which has a population up to such limits as maybe prescribed by the Central Government. Accordingly, Ministry has published rule 167A (under Central Motor Vehicles Rule, 1989) in August 2021 vide G.S.R. 575 (E) dated 11th August, 2021 for Electronic Monitoring and Enforcement of Road Safety at high-risk and high-density corridors on National Highways, State Highways and at critical junctions in Million plus cities in India and cities under National Clean Air Programme (NCAP). For the purpose of this Rule, “electronic enforcement device” means a speed camera, closed-circuit television camera, speed gun, body wearable camera, dashboard camera, Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), weigh in machine (WIM) and any such other technology specified by the State Government.

2. As per the directions of Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of WP(C) No.295/2012 - S. Rajaseekaran v/s UoI & Ors. SOP for implementation of electronic monitoring and enforcement of road safety has been prepared and circulated to All the States and UTs on 29.10.2025 for its implementation.

6.6 Scheme for Special Assistance to All States & UTs for Capital

Investment 2025-26 (SASCI) The Ministry of Finance Department of Expenditure has issued Scheme for Special Assistance to All States & UTs for Capital Investment 2025-26 wherein Rs. 3000/- crore is allocated for Implementation of Electronic Enforcement of Road Safety with the objective to promote the electronic enforcement ecosystem in the country and promote road safety towards achievement of the national goal of reducing fatalities at least 50% by 2030. Under scheme guidelines these States/UTs were categorized into three groups —Group A (₹350 Cr), Group B (₹150 Cr), and Group C (₹50 Cr)—based on factors such as higher road traffic fatalities on State Highways, registered vehicle population, and the extent of the State Highways network.

7. E-INITIATIVES

7.1 BhoomiRashi Portal: The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has launched BhoomiRashi Portal to digitize the land acquisition notification process to accelerate highways infrastructure development projects and payment to compensation for land acquisition. The portal has been made mandatory for processing all the land acquisition proposals w.e.f. 1st April, 2018.

The Portal has made land acquisition process faster and error-free. It has greatly reduced the time period for publication of notifications and brought in efficiency as well as transparency in the whole process.

The key objectives of avoiding parking of funds in bank accounts and ensuring transparent real time deposit of funds in the account of the individuals whose land/property were acquired have successfully been achieved by integrating the payment of compensation with the BhoomiRashi Portal via Public, Finance Management System (PFMS). This initiative of MoRTH has resulted in a more robust and efficient land acquisition for road construction in the country.

The Ministry has also organized workshops and training programmes across the country to make the field offices familiar to the latest updates in BhoomiRashi Portal and new development in LA process.

A total of 18,604 notifications under section 3 of National Highways Act, 1956 have been published and around 1,55,326.1 hectare of land has been acquired under section 3-D of the Act through BhoomiRashi Portal from 1st April, 2018 to 19th December, 2025.

7.2 E-tolling

In order to ensure seamless movement of traffic through fee plazas and increase transparency in collection of user fee using FASTag, the National Electronic Toll Collection (NETC) programme has been implemented on pan-India basis. The National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI) is the Central Clearing House (CCH). There are forty (40) banks (including Public and Private sector banks) engaged as issuer banks for FASTag issuance to road users and twelve (12) acquirer banks to process the transactions at fee plazas.

The Ministry had mandated fitment of FASTag in M&N categories of motor vehicles with effect from 1st January 2021. Category ‘M’ stands for a motor vehicle with at least four wheels used for carrying passengers. Category ‘N’ stands for a motor vehicle with at least four wheels used for carrying goods, which may also carry persons in addition to goods. In order to further promote fee payment through digital mode, reduce waiting time and fuel consumption, and provide for seamless passage through fee plazas, Government has declared all lanes of the fee plazas on National Highways to be “FASTag lane of the fee plaza” w.e.f. the midnight of 15th/16th February 2021.

More than 11.73 Crore FASTags have been issued till November, 2025. The user fee collection via FASTag has grown significantly after declaration of all lanes of fee plazas on National Highways as FASTag Lane of the fee plaza w.e.f. midnight of 15th /16th February 2021. Average Daily collection via FASTag on NH fee plaza is around Rs. 184 Crores and Number of average daily ETC transaction on NH fee plaza is around 120 Lakhs in F.Y. 25-26 (Till Nov 2025). The constant growth and adoption of FASTag by highway users is very encouraging and has helped increase efficiency in toll operations.

Further, to enhance convenience for highway users on NHs, the Ministry has introduced a FASTag-based Annual Pass for non-commercial vehicles, priced at ₹3,000 for 200 fee plaza crossings. This Annual Pass will allow Non-commercial vehicle owners to travel smoothly and affordably across National Highways throughout the country. It simplifies the fee payment process through a one-time payment, reducing the need for repeated transactions. As of November, 2025, a total of 36.13 lakh Annual Passes have been sold, generating a total user fee collection of ₹1,084 crores.

In addition, to further increase the efficiency of tolling operation and in order to ensure seamless and free-flow movement of vehicles along national highways, the Government has decided to implement barrier- free Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) System using Automatic Number Plate Recognition Cameras on selected sections of National Highways as an added facility along with FASTag where the user fee shall be charged from the vehicle users without them having to stop, slow down or stay in a given fee plaza lane.

Further, the Financial Year wise user fee collection on National Highways is as under:

Financial Year	Total Tolling Length (In Km)	User Fee Collection at Fee Plaza on NHs
		Total amount (In Crore Rupees)
		Total amount (In Crore Rupees)
2018-19	26,067	25,164.50
2019-20	30,737	27,503.86
2020-21	35,142	27,926.67
2021-22	39,386	33,928.66
2022-23	43,666	48,032.40
2023-24	47,954	55,882.12
2024-25	52,748	61,408.15
2025-26 (up to Nov, 2025)	55,812	44,238.96

8. LEVERAGING TECHNOLOGY

1. 1. Nationwide Rollout of Network Survey Vehicles (NSVs)

NHAI launched a nationwide rollout of Network Survey Vehicles (NSVs) in 23 states covering 20,933 km for collection, processing and analyzing Road inventory and Pavement condition data of National Highway stretches. Equipped with 3D laser scanners, high-resolution 360° cameras, DGPS, IMU and AI-enabled data processing, these NSVs will automatically detect pavement distress and other inventory parameters, feed data into the NHAI Data Lake, and enable predictive, faster and more efficient maintenance. This shift from manual inspection to high-precision digital monitoring creates a long-term road asset repository and supports evidence-based decision making for upkeep and rehabilitation.

1. Gold Award for DAMS Deployment

Affirming its commitment in adopting cutting edge technology, NHAI was conferred with the ‘Gold Award’ for the successful implementation of the Drone Analytics Monitoring System (DAMS) in the development and maintenance of National Highways by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), Government of India at National Conference on e-Governance 2025.

9. GREEN INITIATIVES

Plantation Drives Commemorating ’Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0’

Promoting Environment Sustainability and developing ecofriendly National Highways remained central to MoRTH’s approach in 2025 and various plantation drives were organized across the country. MoRTH planted about 58.82463 lakh trees across the country in FY 2025–26.

10. INTERNATIONAL COORPERATION

10.1 BRICS

The 2nd BRICS Transport Ministers' Meeting was held on 14th May, 2025 in Brasilia, Brazil. Indian delegation was led by Shri Nitin Gadkari, Hon’ble Minister for Road Transport & Highways. A Ministerial Declaration was unanimously accepted by all the BRICS participating members.

10.2 India-Russia Joint Working Group:

The 3rd meeting of JWG for cooperation in Road Transport and Road Industry for implementation of the MoU between India and Russia was held virtually on 16th July, 2025. The Indian delegation was led by Shri V.Umashankar, Secretary, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways. During the meeting, topics such as Green Mobility, High-end bridges design including cable-stayed, suspended and long-arch, Indian-Russian Center of Excellence on tunnels and cooperation in the field of intelligent transport systems were discussed.

10.3 India-Japan Joint Working Group:

The 11th meeting of India-Japan Joint Working Group (JWG) was held in Tokyo, Japan from 30th September-01st October, 2025. The Indian delegation was led by Shri Vinay Kumar, Additional Secretary (Highways).

10.4 SASEC Program:

South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Program's Transport Working Group meeting was held in Kathmandu, Nepal in December, 2025 to discuss the Trade Facilitation and Transport, and Tourism sections of the APSI, including projects (ongoing and additional) and knowledge work (ongoing, additional and proposed) for APSI 2025-27 and APSI 2026-28.

10.5 Meeting with foreign delegations

Various meetings of Hon’ble Minister (RT&H) were held with delegates from different countries during the year 2025. Some of the meetings included Meeting with Transport Minister of Russian Federation, Transport Minister of Singapore and Ambassador of Switzerland. Further a meeting of Shri Harsh Malhotra, Hon’ble MoS (RT&H) was held with the Italian delegation led by Minister of Ports of Italy.

11. INDIAN ACADEMY OF HIGHWAY ENGINEERS (IAHE)

During the year 2025, the Academy has organized 59 In-campus & Off campus training programs. In-campus training program includes one 16-weeks foundation training program for Deputy Managers of NHAI; one Learning and Development program on Development of Multimodal Logistic Transport Connectivity for efficient Highway Infrastructure for officers of NHLML; two training programs on Land Acquisition for National Highways; one training program on Contract Management of Performance Based Contracts, Tolling and Intelligent Transport System (ITS) and Road Maintenance for the Officers of Uganda; one course for National Quality Monitors of NRIDA; Five Certification Courses on Preparation of DPR for Highway Projects for the personnel of consultants, and Seven 15 Days Certificate Courses for Road Safety Auditors etc.

Two off-campus courses were conducted in Goa. One on Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) and Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) Contracts for Highway Projects, and another on Road Safety and Road Safety Audit.

Year End Review 2025: Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises

2026-01-04T16:59:00.003+05:30

The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector plays a crucial role in India's economic and social development. It generates significant employment at low capital cost, supports large industries as ancillary units, and promotes industrialization in rural and backward areas—helping to reduce regional imbalances and ensure more equitable income distribution. The Ministry of MSME, Government of India, in collaboration with its various organizations & institutes has pioneered initiatives that promote growth and development of the MSME sector, including Khadi, Village and Coir industries. A range of schemes are being implemented, providing credit support, technological assistance, infrastructure development, skill development and training, as well as measures to enhance the competitiveness and market access of MSMEs.

The year 2025 witnessed several milestone achievements by the Ministry of MSME, including the launch of new campaigns and initiatives, as well as the signing of Memoranda of Understanding with other countries to strengthen bilateral cooperation. The year has been particularly significant for the Ministry, with the introduction of multiple new programmes. Some of the key initiatives and achievements of the Ministry during 2025 are outlined below:

2. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS AND INITIATIVES UNDER VARIOUS SCHEMES/PROGRAMMES DURING 2025:

2.1 Formalization of MSMEs:

The Udyam Registration Portal was launched on 01.07.2020 to facilitate ease of registration for MSMEs and access to all the Schemes and benefits. The registration process is free of cost, paperless and digital. Further, Ministry launched the Udyam Assist Platform (UAP) Portal on 11.01.2023, for bringing Informal Micro Enterprises (IMEs) into the formal ambit, and for availing Priority Sector Lending (PSL) benefits.

More than 7.30 crore enterprises have registered on Udyam Registration Portal and Udyam Assist Platform, from 01.07.2020 to 17.12.2025. This includes 4.37 registrations on Udyam Portal and 2.92 crore on UAP.

Further, to help MSMEs scale operations and access better resources, the Union Budget 2025-26 has increased the investment and turnover limits for classification by 2.5 times and 2 times, respectively. The new definition became effective from 01.04.2025. The comparable Table is given below:

Rs. in Crore
Enterprises	Investment		Turnover
	Old	Revised	old	Revised
Micro	1	2.5	5	10
Small	10	25	50	100
Medium	50	125	250	500

2.2 Access to Credit:

2.2.1 Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP)

PMEGP is a credit linked subsidy scheme for providing employment opportunities through establishment of micro-enterprises in the non-farm sector by providing Margin Money (subsidy) to beneficiaries availing loan from banks for setting up new enterprises with maximum project cost of Rs. 50 lakh in Manufacturing Sector and Rs. 20 lakh in Service Sector.

Since its inception i.e. FY 2008-09 till FY 2025-26 (as on 16.12.2025), more than 10.71 lakh micro enterprises have been assisted across the country with disbursement of Margin Money subsidy of Rs. 29,249.43 crore, generating a total estimated employment for more than 87 lakh persons.

During 2025-26 (from 1st January, 2025 to 16.12.2025), 84,034 new micro enterprises have been assisted across the country with disbursement of Margin Money subsidy of Rs. 3125.35 crore, generating a total estimated employment for more than 6.7 lakh persons.

Since June 2025, PMEGP applications are being accepted from prospective beneficiaries in 19 regional languages excluding English and Hindi.

2.2.2 Credit Guarantee Scheme

The Credit Guarantee Scheme for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGSMSE) is one of the flagship schemes of the Ministry of MSME, implemented through the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) to provide credit guarantees for credit facilities extended by Member Lending Institutions to Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) without collateral security or third-party guarantees. CGSMSE is celebrating its 25th anniversary and has crossed one crore guarantees since its inception in this milestone year.

29.03 lakh guarantees have been approved amounting to Rs. 3.77 lakh crore during the period 1st January to 30th November, 2025. In addition, the Government of India, has enhanced the ceiling of guarantee coverage from Rs. 5 crore to Rs. 10 crore and has rationalised the Annual Guarantee Fee for guarantees above Rs. 1 crore effective from 01.04.2025.

Furthermore, a special provision for MSEs promoted by transgender entrepreneurs has been introduced, providing a 10% concession in guarantee fees and enhanced guarantee coverage of 85%, effective from 01.03.2025.

2.2.3 Self Reliant India (SRI) Fund

Self Reliant India (SRI) Fund Scheme of the Ministry of MSME provides equity funding to those MSMEs having potential and viability to grow larger. Since its inception in October 2021 till 30.11.2025, 69 Daughter Funds have been empaneled with NSIC Venture Capital Fund Limited (NVCFL), i.e. Mother Fund. SRI Fund has assisted 682 MSMEs by way of investment of Rs. 1,823 crore.

From 1st January, 2025 to 30th November, 2025, 9 daughter funds were empaneled with NVCFL. More than Rs. 613 crore has been invested to assist 129 potential MSMEs.

2.3 Infrastructure & Capacity Building

2.3.1 PM VISHWAKARMA (National Event on 20.9.2024)

The Prime Minister launched the PM Vishwakarma Scheme on 17.09.2023 to provide end-to-end support to artisans and craftspeople of 18 trades who work with their hands and tools. Target of 30 lakh beneficiary registrations has been successfully achieved within 2 years of scheme’s implementation.

Key Milestones (from 1st January 2025 to 5th December 2025) under the PM Vishwakarma scheme are as under:-

Skill Upgradation: 7.7 lakh beneficiaries completed basic skill training.
Credit Support: Rs. 2,257 crore sanctioned to 2.62 lakh beneficiaries in the form of collateral-free loans at concessional rate of interest.
Digital Incentive: 6.7 lakh beneficiaries are digitally enabled.
Toolkit Incentive: 10.57 lakh modern toolkits delivered at beneficiaries’ doorstep
Marketing support: 138 trade fairs, exhibitions, and workshops organized across the country to promote artisans and their crafts & skills.

2.3.2 Raising and Accelerating MSME Performance (RAMP) Scheme

RAMP is a World Bank supported Central Sector Scheme aimed at improving access of MSMEs to market, finance and technology upgradation. The programme also aims at strengthening institutions at the Central and State level, and enhancing Centre- State collaboration. So far, the Systematic Investment Plan (SIPs) submitted by all the 36 States and UTs have been evaluated and 398 proposals amounting to Rs. 3211.75 Crore have been approved for the States/UTs. Since inception, all initiatives under RAMP Scheme have impacted more than 10 lakh MSMEs. The Ministry has achieved 50% of the programme target in respect of claiming reimbursement, on account of completion of deliverables.

2.3.3 Micro and Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP)

The Micro and Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP) was launched in 2003. The objective of the scheme is to enhance the productivity and competitiveness of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) through financial assistance for establishment of ‘Common Facility Centers (CFCs), flatted factories, and creation and up-gradation of industrial estates. Under the scheme, 609 projects have been approved of which, 353 projects have been completed so far.

In the FY 2025-26 (till 20.11.2025), 11 projects with a total project cost of Rs. 253.23 crore with Govt. of India’s assistance of Rs. 177.52 crore have been approved and 02 projects have been completed.

2.3.4 Promotion of MSMEs in North Eastern Region and Sikkim

The scheme for Promotion of MSMEs in NER & Sikkim was launched in the year 2016 and has been continued with budget outlay of Rs.295 Cr. for 15th Finance Commission i.e. 2021-2026. It provides financial support to create or upgrade infrastructure and common facilities for MSMEs in the NER to supplement manufacturing, testing, packaging, R&D, product & process innovations and skilling activities.

The scheme comprises of three components, namely,

(i) Setting up of new and modernization of existing Mini Technology Centre,

(ii) Development of new and existing Industrial Estates &

(iii)Development of the Tourism Sector.

As on 15th December 2025 a total of 73 proposals have been approved under this scheme since inception. This include eight infrastructure projects approved during the period from January, 2025 to November, 2025 comprising 04 projects for the state of Assam and 04 projects for Meghalaya, with a total project cost of Rs.114.37Cr. including approved Govt. of India’s grant of Rs. 89.60 Cr.

2.4 Assistance in Procurement and Marketing

2.4.1 Public Procurement Policy for Micro and Small Enterprises

To provide an assured market support to the Micro and Small Enterprises in the country, the Ministry of MSME, Government of India notified the Public Procurement Policy for Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs), Order, 2012, which mandates 25% annual procurement from MSEs by Central Ministries/Departments/Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs), including 4% from MSEs owned by SC/ST and 3% from MSEs owned by Women entrepreneurs. A total of 358 items are reserved for exclusive procurement from MSEs.

Vis-a-vis the minimum 25% annual procurement, the participating CPSEs and Departments procured a total amount of Rs. 93,017.08 crore (43.58%) from MSEs during the year 2024-25 (as on 19.12.25).

2.4.2 Procurement and Marketing Support (PMS) Scheme

The scheme promotes new market access initiatives and enhances the marketability of products and services in the MSME sector. During the Financial Year 2025–26 (from 01 January 2025 to 30 November 2025), a total of 225 Domestic Trade Fairs/Exhibitions/Expos were organised under the Procurement and Marketing Support (PMS) Scheme. Through various components of the Scheme, 10,271 Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) were benefitted during this period.

44th India International Trade Fair (IITF)-2025:

The Union Minister of MSME inaugurated the “MSME, KVIC, NSSH and COIR Pavilions” at the IITF-2025 on 17.11.2024 and Hon’ble MoS, M/o MSME also visited the fair. This year the theme of MSME Pavilion was “Vibrant MSMEs, Viksit Bharat”. The Ministry of MSME was awarded the Silver Medal under the category ‘Empowering India’.

A total of 292 stalls have been allotted to Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) as well as Vishwakarmas from 29 States and Union Territories, reflecting the spirit of Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat. Of these, over 67% stalls have been allotted to women entrepreneurs, while more than 34% have been allotted to SC/ST entrepreneurs. Additionally, 15 stalls have been provided to entrepreneurs with disabilities (PwD). The event also highlights regional diversity with 43 stalls featuring Geographical Indication (GI) products) and 15 stalls dedicated to ODOP (One District One Product) items. Notably, 288 stalls (98%) are represented by first-time Micro Enterprise participants, and more than 25% of the stalls have been allotted to Vishwakarmas.

Inauguration of the “MSME, KVIC, NSSH and COIR Pavilions” at the IITF-2025 by Hon’ble Minister(MSME) and Hon’ble MoS(MSME)

2.4.3 National SC-ST Hub (NSSH) Scheme

The scheme aims at capacity enhancement of SC/ST Entrepreneurs and promoting “entrepreneurship culture” amongst the SC/ST population in order to fulfil the mandate of 4% public procurement from SC-ST owned MSEs as laid down in the Central Government Public Procurement Policy. During January to October 2025, 19259 SC/ST entrepreneurs have availed benefits under various components of NSSH Scheme.

In the current year, 111 Special Vendor Development Programmes (SVDPs) have been organized in various locations with CPSEs, SC-ST entrepreneurs and other stakeholders for sensitization and augment their participation in the public procurement process. In addition, 03 Mega Events (Conclave) have been organised at Baripada & Koraput, Odisha and Bodh Gaya, Bihar. To enable CPSEs in achieving the mandated target under Public Procurement Policy and to understand their challenges, four round table discussions were conducted.

The scheme has positively impacted target beneficiaries by providing professional support in upgrading their skills, facilitating market linkages and handholding support which resulted in a 37-fold increase in public procurement from SC/ST owned MSEs (in terms of value) i.e., Rs. 99.37 crore in 2015-16 to Rs. 3731.47 crore in 2024-25 (MSME Sambandh portal). In the current financial year as on date, the share of SC/ST owned MSEs in public procurement is 1.93%. The share of SC/ST owned MSEs in public procurement is expected to increase further by the end of financial year.

2.5 Access to Technology

2.5.1 MSME Champion Scheme

The objective of the MSME Champions Scheme is to select enterprises and modernize their processes, reduce wastages, sharpen business competitiveness, and facilitate their National and Global reach and excellence. The Scheme has three components, namely, ‘MSME-Sustainable (ZED)’, ‘MSME Competitive (LEAN)’ and ‘MSME-Innovative (Incubation, Design & IPR)’.

MSME Innovative scheme was launched on 10th March 2022 with 3 components, namely, Incubation, Design and IPR. Under the ‘Incubation’ component, 773 Host Institutes (HIs) have been approved which will nurture the development of innovative ideas approved through due selection process. Hon’ble President of India launched the MSME Idea Hackathon 5.0 (Smart and Sustainable MSMEs) on the MSME Day, i.e., 27th June 2025. The Ministry has received 52,369 ideas under Hackathon 5.0. Under the ‘Design’ component, 21 MoUs have been signed - 01 IISc, Bangalore, 08 IITs, 12 NITs as Implementing Agencies and 69 Professional Design/Student Projects have been approved. Under the ‘IPR’ component, 191 Patents, 807 Trademarks, 99 Designs and 06 GI registration have been approved by Intellectual Property Facilitation Centre (IPFCs).
MSME Sustainable (ZED) Certification Scheme, launched on 28th April 2022, has witnessed significant progress during the year. A total of 2,71,373 MSMEs registered under the scheme, and 1,92,689 enterprises were successfully certified — including 1,89,268 Bronze, 1,913 Silver, and 1,508 Gold certifications. These certifications have supported enterprises in enhancing their quality, productivity, and overall competitiveness.
MSME Competitive (LEAN) Scheme, launched on 10th March 2023, has achieved notable traction during the year. A total of 32,077 MSMEs registered under the scheme, with 31,987 MSMEs taking the Lean pledge. Further, 7,394 MSMEs attained Basic Lean Certification, and 1,871 MSMEs were registered at the Intermediate level of the Scheme.

2.5.2 Technology Centres

Tool Rooms & technical Institutions:: Ministry of MSME has set up 18 Tool Rooms & Technical Institutions (TRs & TIs), from 1967 to 1999 to provide technological support to industries through design & manufacture of tools, precision components, moulds, dies etc. in sectors such as General engineering, Forging & Foundry, Electronics, Electrical Measuring Instruments, Fragrance & Flavour, Glass, Footwear & Sport Goods, etc. Generally, these are called Technology Centres (TCs). Some TCs apart from extending design, development & manufacturing support for complex tools, parts and components to MSMEs have also supported strategic sectors such as defence, aerospace etc. TCs also provides skilling to youth for industry ready manpower and re-skilling the industry workforce as per need of industry.
Establishment of New Technology Centres/Extension Centres (TCEC): Ministry of MSME is also implementing TCEC scheme to establish 20 new Technology Centres (TCs) and 100 Extension Centres (ECs) across the Country to increase geographical reach of TCs network to provide solution as per local needs of MSMEs for technology, skilled human resources and advisory services. This will increase competitiveness and profitability of MSMEs at grass root level.

The locations for 20 TCs were approved by the Hon'ble Minister of MSME and the project is under implementation. Out of 100 Extension Centres (ECs) to be established under this scheme, 64 locations have been approved by the Hon'ble Minister of MSME. Out of these 64 locations, ECs at 25 locations have become operational. These 25 Extension Centres (operational) have trained 53,963 trainees and assisted 1357 units till 30th November 2025."

Technology Centre System Programme (TCSP) was approved by CCEA in the year 2014. TCSP aims to set up 15 new Technology Centres (TCs) and to modernize/upgrade existing TCs at an estimated cost of Rs. 2,200 crore with World Bank assistance. The project has been further extended till Sept. 2026 with a revised estimated cost of Rs. 2402 crore.

Nine (09) Technology Centres have been dedicated to the nation. These Centres are at Bhiwadi (Rajasthan), Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh), Rohtak (Haryana), Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), Greater Noida (Uttar Pradesh), Baddi (Himachal Pradesh), Imphal (Manipur) and Puducherry. Civil works of TCs at Bengaluru, Sitarganj and Patna has been completed and training activities started. Eight TCs i.e. Bhiwadi, Vizag, Rohtak, Bhopal, Baddi, Kanpur, Durg & Sitarganj have already started AICTE approved Diploma Courses.

These new TCs have assisted 1520 MSMEs and trained 59,357 trainees between January-November2025.

1. Skilling and Training
  1. Entrepreneurship Skill Development Programme (ESDP):

A total of 8,263 programmes have been conducted, benefiting 3,96,706 persons, under the scheme, from January, 2025 to 11th December, 2025.

2.6.1 Assistance to Training Institutions (ATI):

Under ATI, Assistance is provided to training institutions under the Ministry viz., ni-msme, KVIC, Coir Board, Tool Rooms, NSIC & MGIRI in the form of capital grant for the purpose of creation and strengthening of infrastructure and support for entrepreneurship development and skill development training programmes. Assistance is also provided to existing State level EDIs, State Government owned training Institutes including Districts Industries Centers (DICs) located in Eastern Region and NER for infrastructural support for creation or strengthening/expansion of their training infrastructure. From FY 2021-22 to FY 2024-25, 42,719 trainees trained and 19 Institutes/Organisations/State level EDIs supported, with total expenditure of Rs.108.22 crore under the scheme. Further, a total of 8060 trainees have trained and 9 institutes/organizations have been supported so far with a total expenditure of Rs. 26.98 Cr during FY 2025-26 as on Nov, 25.".

1. IT(Information Technology) Initiatives and Cyber Security:

2.7.1 Cyber Security Awareness Month: The Ministry of MSME observed National Cyber Security Awareness Month (October 2025) under the theme “Cyber Jagrit Bharat”, launching initiatives to strengthen its cybersecurity framework and promote awareness among officials, stakeholders, and MSME. Key activities included an Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) Cyber Security Session on October 8, 2025 for over 500 officials, focusing on practical controls, password policies, and cyber hygiene, followed by a Knowledge Session on Building Cyber Resilience on October 15, 2025, with over 1,300 participants including senior officials from the Intelligence Fusion & Strategic Operations (Special Cell), Delhi Police, Senior officials from HDFC Bank, and Punjab National Bank.

2.7.2 Performance Smartboard (https://dashboard.msme.gov.in): The Ministry of MSME has developed a Performance Smartboard, a centralized dashboard that highlights key performance indicators under broad thematic areas i.e. Market Support; Credit and Finance Facilitation; Technology Infrastructure and Enablement; Training and Entrepreneurship Development; Grievance Redressal Mechanisms and Major Schemes and Udyam Portal Insights, for MSME schemes and registrations across the country. The smartboard promotes transparency by aggregating MSME scheme related performance metrics and disseminating the information to the public at large. Through this, MSME gains easier access to scheme performance data, aiding informed decisions on registrations, funding eligibility, and compliance Stakeholders and citizens can access the updated dashboard at: https://dashboard.msme.gov.in.

Performance Smartboard (https://dashboard.msme.gov.in)

1. PM Gati Shakti: The Ministry has aligned digital planning with the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan by geo mapping nearly 1 Lakh assets across eight thematic GIS layers and 44 sub layers, including field formations. This end-to-end geo enablement spans ZED certified MSMEs and 93,823 PMEGP beneficiaries and is sustained through regular information updates via the mobile app, a three-tier validation mechanism, and a live administrative dashboard. Together, these capabilities deliver granular visibility and spatial intelligence that will help optimize existing schemes—from precise site selection and resource allocation to improved beneficiary targeting and convergence across programmes—while also supporting new initiatives with evidence-based decision making (e.g., identifying infrastructure gaps, modeling alternative delivery scenarios, and calibrating last mile service delivery for measurable outcomes).

Performance Smartboard (https://dashboard.msme.gov.in)

2.8 Grievance Redressal

Hon’ble Prime Minister launched an online “CHAMPIONS” Portal on 1st June, 2020, which covers many aspects of e-governance, including grievance redressal and handholding of MSMEs.

Since inception till 18.12.2025, CHAMPIONS Portal has received 1,62,546 grievances, out of which 1,61,540 (99.38%) have been replied to on the portal.

3. Promotion of Khadi Village Industries and Coir Sector

3.1 Khadi and Village Industries

The Government is committed to promote Khadi and Village Industries Sector to foster socio-economic development in rural India. This sector, with its rich legacy and untapped potential, is being revitalized through targeted interventions through Khadi and Gramodyog Vikas Yojana (KGVY). KGVY is a Central Sector Scheme and there is no state component involved in this scheme. Khadi Vikas Yojana (KVY) is one of the major component of KGVY which is aimed for the promotion and development of Khadi sector, while the Gramodyog Vikas Yojana (GVY) is another major component aimed for the promotion and development of Village Industries.

In current FY till 30.11.2025, KVI sales to the tune of Rs.127606.30 Crore (P) have been achieved as compared to the KVI sales of Rs. 110747.40 Crore till 30.11.2024 in FY 2024-25 and the KVI production of Rs.85072.32 Crore (P) have been achieved as compared to the KVI production of Rs. 76017.79 Crore till 30.11.2024 in FY 2024-25.

Achievements/ Initiatives:

In order to increase earnings of artisans, KVIC has increased the spinning wages from Rs. 12.50/- per hank to Rs. 15.00/- per hank and weaving wages by 20% w.e.f. 01.04.2025.
KVIC signed an MoU with National Small Industries Corporation Limited (NSIC) for creating an ecosystem to facilitate enhanced market access through Government as a whole approach.
With a view to energize the spirit of ‘Vocal for Local’ & ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’, Khadi Mahotsav was organized throughout the country from 17.09.2025 to 23.10.2025 with an aim to promote Khadi & Village Industries products with the tag line “Har Ghar Swadeshi Ghar Ghar Swadeshi”. Under Khadi Mahotsav, various promotional, educational and awareness activities such as Khadi Yatras, various sales campaigns, Exhibitions, multiple seminars etc. were taken up by KVIC.
KVIC along with Khadi Institutions (KIs) from NER participated in the event named “Celebrating North East India Festival” held at Seoul, South Korea from 6th to 8th November, 2025, organized by NEIFT, Guwahati for the purpose of promoting the brand “Khadi India” at the global level.

3.2 COIR Sector

The Coir sector recorded significant progress during 2025, with coir exports reaching Rs. 5,260.77 crore during January - October 2025, reflecting strong global demand. A total of 985 artisans were trained under the Skill Upgradation Programme and Mahila Coir Yojana, including 437 women artisans, strengthening skill development and women empowerment. Coir Board conducted 74 promotional programmes across the country and participated in 35 domestic exhibitions, while 66 entrepreneurs were facilitated to take part in 6 international exhibitions to enhance global market access. During the year, 166 new coir exporters were registered, and the Board also developed 7 new machines/technologies/products, including the development of a thin blended coir yarn spinning machine, promoting innovation, value addition, and modernization in the sector.

In addition, the Coir Board collaborated with Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kerala, to undertake Life Cycle Assessment studies of key coir products vis-à-vis synthetic and conventional alternatives, highlighting their environmental benefits. Further, financial assistance of Rs. 633 lakhs was provided to 151 beneficiaries under the International Cooperation Scheme, contributing to capacity building and growth of the coir industry.

4. Achievements of Ministry’s other organisations

1. National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC)

National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) NSIC provides credit support for raw material procurement by making the payment to suppliers in the Raw Material Assistance scheme against Bank Guarantee. In FY2024-25, Credit support amounting to Rs.8479.91 crore under Raw Material Assistance (RMA) was given by NSIC to 2482 MSMEs units. Credit support provided during January to November 2025 under RMA is Rs.7841.42 crore (provisional) to more than 2440 MSMEs units. Further, NSIC Technical Services Centres (NTSCs) offer Job oriented skill development training in various disciplines as per requirement of industries. These centres are equipped with the conventional to hi-tech machinery and modern equipment. In FY 2024- 25, a total of 79,295 trainees passed out which is the highest ever achievement. During the period from January to November 2025), 84,386 trainees have been trained from these technical centres. NSIC with support from the Ministry of MSME is working on a proposal to set up NSIC Technical Services Centre at Bodh Gaya to provide hi-tech training for skill development and material testing facility for catering to the requirement of industry, particularly to the MSMEs of the Magadh region of Bihar. The centre has already commenced NSSH operation and Entrepreneurship training and procurement of machinery & equipment for the identified trades are under execution.

4.2 Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization (MGIRI)

Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization (MGIRI), Wardha is a National Autonomous Institute, founded on Gandhian principles of self-sufficiency and empowerment for rural communities, especially in fostering sustainable village industries under the aegis of the Ministry of MSME, Government of India.

MGIRI has historically supported rural artisans by promoting traditional crafts, adopting sustainable practices, and enhancing the capacity of rural industries. MGIRI carries out various projects such as developing products, consultancy, incubation and developing machinery benefitting micro enterprises, artisans, spinners, weavers, etc.

With the aim to establish, a high-impact model that empowers rural artisans and entrepreneurs through structured support, a project to reposition MGIRI into a Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Rural Industrialization worth Rs.78.83 Crore approved by the Ministry. To facilitate capacity-building programmes in MGIRI, a proposal to construct a Hostel cum Guest House with an estimated cost of Rs.17.13 Cr has also been approved.

During January to December 2025, MGIRI undertook 84 skill development-training programmes for various sectors. During this period, MGIRI had developed 24 technologies for field trials/dissemination, 30 innovative products/ processes. MGIRI, also conducted training and capacity building programs in Tripura and Leh-Ladakh and conducted field surveys in Nagaland and Mizoram for technology intervention.

4.3 National Institute for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Ni-MSME)

Ni-MSME was originally set up as Central Industrial Extension Training Institute (CIETI) in New Delhi in 1960 under the then Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Government of India. The Institute shifted to Hyderabad in 1962 as a registered Society in the name of Small Industry Extension Training Institute (SIET). After the enactment of MSMED Act, 2006, the Institute expanded focus of its objectives and re-designated its organization structure. In line with the new Act, the Institute rechristened as National Institute for Micro, Small and Medium enterprises (ni-msme). It is currently an organization under the aegis of the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (formerly Ministry of SSI & ARI), Government of India.

Functions

Enterprise promotion and entrepreneurship development being the central focus of Ni-msme, the Institute’s competencies converge on the following aspects:

Training new corners in Information Technology
Spotlighting of topical issues through conferences, seminars, etc.
Greater attention to need based programmes
Programme evaluation
Diagnostic and development studies for policy formulation; and
Empowering the under-privileged through micro enterprise creation.

During the Year 2025, National Institute for MSME has conducted various Training and Capacity Building Programme, Conferences, Workshops. It conducted 647 national training programs benefitting 22740 trainees; and 82 Workshops/Seminars/Conferences benefitting 5228 trainees. Further, during the year, ni-msme has conducted its maiden paid international training programs in collaboration with Centre on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and the Pacific (CIRDAP), Dhaka, Bangladesh, covering 13 participants from 4 countries

5. Bilateral MoUs signed and significant Meetings held

Memorandum of Understanding between Ministry of MSME and Ministry of Industry, SME and Cooperatives (SME Division), the Republic of Mauritius on cooperation in the field of MSMEs signed on 10.03.2025. Key areas of collaboration under the MoU include capacity building through expert exchanges, industrial surveys, promoting business partnerships, training programs, organizing exhibitions and trade fairs, facilitating technology transfers via business missions, and providing technical assistance.
Memorandum of Understanding between National Small Industries Corporation Ltd. (NSIC), The Republic of India and Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Promotion (OSMEP), The Kingdom of Thailand on cooperation in the field of MSMEs signed on 3rd April, 2025. The MoU will facilitate exchange of business missions to enhance enterprise to enterprise cooperation and help initiate sustainable business alliances between the enterprises of India and Thailand including facilitating technology transfers on demand and on mutually agreed terms for realisation of industrial partnerships between MSMEs of both countries.
Memorandum of Understanding between National Small Industries Corporation Ltd. (NSIC), The Republic of India and Slovak Business Agency (SBA), Slovak Republic on cooperation in the field of MSMEs signed on 09th April, 2025. The MoU will provide a platform for National Small Industries Corporation Ltd. and counterpart organizations in the Slovak Republic to discuss the issues concerning Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and explore possibilities of cooperation for the mutual benefit of MSMEs in the two countries. It will provide a framework and enabling environment to the Micro, Small and Medium enterprises of the two countries to understand each others’ strengths, market, technologies, policies, etc.
Memorandum of Understanding between National Small Industries Corporation Ltd. (NSIC), The Republic of India and Small And Medium Enterprises Corporation Malaysia on cooperation in the field of MSMEs signed on 16.10.2025.
On February 4th, 2025, the fourth dispatch (Certification Ceremony) for Trainers under the 5S & Kaizen Program was held at the MSME-DFO Extension Centre in New Delhi. The ceremony was attended by the Joint Secretary (SME) of the Ministry of MSME, Advisor (Japan) at the East Asia Division of the Ministry of External Affairs, and First Secretary at the Embassy of Japan in India. The event included a certificate distribution ceremony, recognizing the trainers who had completed the intensive training under the program. Additionally, an Expert, delivered demonstration lectures on key elements of Japanese manufacturing and the 5S methodology.
The 5th meeting of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Joint Working Group (JWG) constituted under India-Japan Industrial Competitiveness Partnership (IJICP) was held on July 23rd, 2025, in Udyog Bhawan, New Delhi, India. The meeting was led by Ms. Mercy Epao, Joint Secretary, M/o MSME from India side and Mr. Toshiyuki Shimano, Director, Southwest Asia Office, Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (METI) from Japan side. During the meeting, both sides discussed on the roadmap for FY2025-26.
The 4th India-Taiwan SME JWG (Joint Working Group) Meeting was hosted by the Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (M/o MSME), India on 10th September 2025 in Kartavya Bhawan 3, New Delhi. 2. The Indian delegation was led by Ms. Mercy Epao, Joint Secretary (SME), Ministry of MSME and the Taiwan delegation was led by Dr. Guann-Jyh Lee, Director General, Small and Medium Enterprise and Startup Administration (SMESA), Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA). During the meeting, both sides discussed the outcomes of the previous JWG Meetings and the roadmap for FY 2026-27.

6. Other New Initiatives and major events Organised

6.1 MSME Hackathon 5.0 launched on 27.06.2025

The MSME Hackathon 5.0 (Smart and Sustainable MSMEs) was launched by Hon’ble President of India on MSME Day, i.e., 27.06.2025 which aims to promote adoption of latest technologies by MSMEs and expand business by supporting them in design, strategy and execution. The Hackathon was conducted for innovators aged between 18 – 60 years from MSMEs, students and other individuals. MSME Hackathon 5.0 supports innovators by providing financial assistance up to Rs. 15 lakhs for development of selected / approved ideas. In total, 52,369 ideas have been received in Hackathon 5.0 and are currently under evaluation.

6.2 Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) Portal launched on 27.06.2025

The ODR portal was launched by the Hon’ble President of India on June 27, 2025, on the occasion of MSME Day. The portal aims to reduce the incidence of delayed payments for Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) and expand access to a technology-enabled ODR mechanism. It provides a multi-layered resolution mechanism and strengthens the existing dispute resolution framework by offering an end-to-end digital process, from case filing to final resolution. The portal also makes dispute resolution economically viable even for very small claims, thanks to its low-cost structure.

Launch of ODR portal on 27.06.2025

6.3 Yashasvini Campaign:

Ministry of MSME has launched the Yashasvini Campaign, on 27.06.2024 during ‘Udyami Bharat – MSME Day event, as a key step towards achieving gender parity by 2029 on the Udyam Registration Portal and Udyam Assist Portal(UAP); and to raise awareness about MSME Schemes and support the realization of the mandated 3% public procurement target from women owned MSEs.

In 2025, a Campaign was held in Mizoram on 27th February, 2025 in collaboration with WEP which facilitated the registration of around 8400 women owned MSMEs on the Udyam and Udyam Assist portals till date in the State.

Since the launch of the first campaign, these campaigns have significantly raised awareness and facilitated the registration of over 12.5 lakh women owned MSMEs on Udyam and udyam Assist portals.

6.4 PM Vishwakarma and National SC-ST Hub Mega Conclave’, 2025

The Conclave was organized in Bodhgaya, Bihar on 17.09.2025 to commemorate the successful completion of two years of the PM Vishwakarma Scheme. Hon’ble Union Minister for MSME & Hon’ble Union Minister of State for MSME graced the event and distributed loan certificates and toolkits to beneficiaries. The event featured experience-sharing sessions by beneficiaries of the PM Vishwakarma Scheme who highlighted how the scheme has enhanced their livelihoods and entrepreneurial opportunities. The Ministry of MSME also signed MoUs with National Institute of Design (NID) and Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) to enhance design support, capacity building, and rural livelihood enhancement under the PM Vishwakarma Scheme.

6.5 MSME Seva Parv-2025: Virasat se Vikas

The Ministry of MSME celebrated MSME Seva Parv-2025: Virasat se Vikas from 28th to 30th September, 2025. Shri Jitan Ram Manjhi, Union Minister of MSME, Government of India, presided over the event, and Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, Union Minister of State for MSME, Government of India, inaugurated the occasion today at Rudraksh International Cooperation & Convention Centre, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The event was held to bring together communities, institutions, and individuals in a collective movement of seva, cultural pride, and enhancing awareness of our heritage. More than 1500 beneficiaries of MSME schemes, including PM Vishwakarma, Khadi and Gramodyog Yojana, Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), National SC/ST Hub Scheme, etc. attended the event. The event also featured distribution of Loan certificates to PMV beneficiaries, distribution of Margin Money subsidy to PMEGP beneficiaries and distribution of toolkits to GVY beneficiaries.

7. Special Campaign 5.0

The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), Government of India, along with its attached/ subordinate organizations and field formations, took active part in the Special Campaign 5.0 (during 2nd Oct. – 31st Oct. 2025) and actively carried out all several activities with a special focus on disposal of e-waste generated in government offices, improving overall cleanliness of its offices, spread across the country by removing redundant and obsolete scrap material and for clearing pendency.

During the Campaign, the Ministry of MSME and its field formations have achieved 100% accomplishment on the targets set on 7 specified parameters and more than 95% of the targets set for other 03 parameters.

The Campaign also generated revenue of Rs 22.89 lakh through the disposal of obsolete items, thus freeing up usable office space of 21,046 sq. ft.

The Ministry and its organizations undertook several best practices during the Campaign, in the areas of Transforming Waste into Opportunities; Initiatives focused on sustainable and eco-friendly practices and encouraging Jan Bhagidari in the campaign especially for instilling the values of swachhata and environmental friendly practices among citizen.