<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7861131339349224825</id><updated>2024-09-13T22:02:27.866-06:00</updated><category term="Android"/><category term="computadora"/><category term="empresa"/><category term="escuela"/><category term="guia"/><category term="hogar"/><category term="informatica"/><category term="it"/><category term="pc"/><category term="proteccion"/><category term="solucion"/><category term="soporte"/><category term="support"/><category term="tablet"/><category term="windows"/><title type='text'>Apuntes de Seguridad Informatica y virus</title><subtitle type='html'>analisis de tecnología,  cibernetica,  manejo de equipos de computo,  utilerias para la microempresa, recetas industriales para hacer en casa,  tendencias de internet y sus recursos para globalizar tus actividades de empresa o escolares.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7861131339349224825/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>4</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7861131339349224825.post-2740541504228607906</id><published>2022-07-19T03:28:00.005-05:00</published><updated>2022-07-19T03:28:54.950-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Android"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="computadora"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="empresa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="escuela"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="guia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hogar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="informatica"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="it"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pc"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proteccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solucion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soporte"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="support"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tablet"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="windows"/><title type='text'>La Deteccion Basada En Firmas  -   Antivirus - Resumen Basico</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;


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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Es un método de
funcionamiento de los antivirus y sistemas de detección de intrusos, en el que
un programa, al buscar un archivo o paquete, consulta un diccionario de virus
conocidos compilado por los autores del programa. Si alguna parte del código
del programa que se está viendo coincide con el código conocido ( firma ) del
virus en el diccionario, el programa antivirus puede tomar una de las
siguientes acciones:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Eliminar el archivo infectado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Envíe el archivo a &quot;cuarentena&quot; (es
decir, haga que no esté disponible para su ejecución a fin de evitar una mayor
propagación del virus).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Intente restaurar el archivo eliminando el
virus del cuerpo del archivo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Para lograr un éxito a largo
plazo al utilizar este método, es necesario actualizar periódicamente el
diccionario de virus conocidos con nuevas definiciones (principalmente en línea
). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los usuarios con mentalidad
cívica y con conocimientos técnicos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;, después de haber
descubierto un nuevo virus &quot;en vivo&quot;, pueden enviar el archivo
infectado a los desarrolladores de software antivirus, quienes estudiarán el
virus, extraerán su firma y luego incluirán la firma recibida del nuevo virus
en el diccionario.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas antivirus,
basados ​​en la definición de virus del diccionario, generalmente analizan
archivos cuando el sistema informático crea, abre, cierra o envía archivos por
correo electrónico. Por lo tanto, los virus pueden detectarse inmediatamente
después de que ingresan a la computadora y antes de que puedan causar algún
daño. Cabe señalar que el administrador del sistema puede configurar un
programa para el programa antivirus, según el cual se pueden ver (analizar)
todos los archivos en el disco duro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Aunque los programas
antivirus basados ​​en la definición del diccionario de un virus pueden, en
circunstancias normales, ser bastante efectivos para detener los ataques
informáticos, los creadores de virus intentan mantenerse medio paso por delante
de dichos programas antivirus mediante la creación de &quot;oligomorfos&quot;,
&quot; polimórficos &quot; y los virus &quot; metamórficos &quot; » más nuevos,
en los que partes del código se reescriben, modifican, cifran o distorsionan de
modo que es imposible coincidir con la definición en el diccionario de virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Uno de los métodos de
escaneo de hardware es escanear el flujo de datos en el camino con un
dispositivo especial llamado coprocesador de contexto. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Creación y distribución de
firmas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Las firmas antivirus se
crean como resultado de un análisis minucioso de varias copias de un archivo
que pertenece a un virus. La firma debe contener solo líneas únicas de este
archivo, tan específicas como para garantizar la mínima posibilidad de falsos
positivos , la principal prioridad de cualquier empresa de antivirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El desarrollo de firmas es
un proceso manual que es difícil de automatizar. A pesar de mucha investigación
sobre la generación automática de firmas, &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;el creciente polimorfismo (y
&quot;metamorfismo&quot;) de virus y ataques hace que las firmas sintácticas
carezcan de sentido. Las empresas de antivirus se ven obligadas a liberar una
gran cantidad de firmas para todas las variantes del mismo virus, y si no fuera
por la ley de Moore, ninguna computadora moderna sería capaz de terminar de
escanear una gran cantidad de archivos con tal masa de firmas en un tiempo
razonable. Así, en marzo de 2006, el escáner Norton Antivirus detectó 72.131
virus y la base de datos del programa contenía unas 400.000 firmas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;En su forma actual, las
bases de datos de firmas deben actualizarse regularmente, ya que la mayoría de
los antivirus no pueden detectar nuevos virus por sí mismos. Cualquier
propietario de software basado en firmas está condenado a depender
periódicamente de las actualizaciones de firmas, que es la base del modelo de
negocio de los fabricantes de antivirus e IDS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 141.6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;IDS.- sistemas de detección de intrusos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;La entrega oportuna de
nuevas firmas a los usuarios también es un desafío importante para los
proveedores de software. Los virus y gusanos modernos se propagan a tal
velocidad que, cuando se libera una firma y se envía a las computadoras de los
usuarios, es posible que la epidemia ya haya llegado a su clímax y haya
envuelto al mundo entero. Según los datos publicados, la entrega de la firma
tarda entre 11 y 97 horas, según el fabricante, &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mientras que, en teoría, un virus puede
apoderarse de Internet en menos de 30 segundos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;En la mayoría del software
de seguridad, la base de datos de firmas es el núcleo del producto, la parte
más valiosa y que consume más tiempo. Esta es la razón por la que la mayoría de
los proveedores prefieren mantener sus firmas en privado, aunque hay una serie
de software de código abierto en esta área (por ejemplo, ClamAV ), así como
investigaciones sobre ingeniería inversa de firmas propietarias. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;The Virus Bulletin publicó regularmente nuevas
firmas de virus hasta el año 2000.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Desventajas y ventajas de
las firmas sintácticas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Le permite determinar un ataque específico
con alta precisión y una pequeña proporción de llamadas falsas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Vulnerable a virus polimórficos y versiones
modificadas del mismo virus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Requiere actualizaciones regulares y
extremadamente rápidas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Requiere un minucioso análisis manual de
virus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;No se pueden detectar nuevos ataques&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El método de escaneo
heurístico está diseñado para mejorar la capacidad de los escáneres para
aplicar firmas y reconocer virus modificados en los casos en que la firma no
coincida con el cuerpo de un programa desconocido en un 100 %. Sin embargo,
esta tecnología se usa con mucho cuidado en los programas modernos, ya que
puede aumentar el número de falsos positivos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Firma De Ataque&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Firma de ataque (virus):
rasgos característicos de un virus informático utilizado para detectarlos. La
mayoría de los antivirus, escáneres de vulnerabilidades y sistemas de detección
de intrusos (IDS) modernos utilizan firmas de &quot; sintaxis &quot; tomadas
directamente del cuerpo del ataque ( un archivo de virus o un paquete de red
que pertenece a un exploit ). También hay firmas basadas en comportamiento o
anomalías, por ejemplo, acceder a un puerto de red en una computadora de manera
demasiado agresiva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Un ejemplo de firma del
cuerpo del virus Email-Worm.Win32.Happy, publicado en la revista Virus Bulletin
:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;feliz año nuevo 1999&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;

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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;https://www.ecured.cu&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;www.wikipedia.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia de Conocimientos Fundamentales - UNAM - Siglo XXI &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;-------------------------- &amp;nbsp;-----------------------&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/feeds/2740541504228607906/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/2022/07/la-deteccion-basada-en-firmas-antivirus.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7861131339349224825/posts/default/2740541504228607906'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7861131339349224825/posts/default/2740541504228607906'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/2022/07/la-deteccion-basada-en-firmas-antivirus.html' title='La Deteccion Basada En Firmas  -   Antivirus - Resumen Basico'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7861131339349224825.post-7620145314012887216</id><published>2022-07-19T03:24:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2022-07-19T03:32:43.607-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Android"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="computadora"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="empresa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="escuela"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="guia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hogar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="informatica"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="it"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pc"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proteccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solucion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soporte"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="support"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tablet"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="windows"/><title type='text'>El Análisis Antivirus De Firmas - Resumen Basico</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;


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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El análisis antivirus de
firmas es uno de los métodos de protección antivirus, que consiste en
identificar las propiedades identificativas características de cada virus y
buscar virus comparando archivos con las propiedades identificadas. Una de las
propiedades importantes del análisis de firmas es la determinación exacta del tipo
de virus. Esto le permite ingresar firmas y métodos de tratamiento del virus en
la base de datos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 159.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;SOA (sistema de detección de ataques).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Una firma de virus es un
conjunto de ciertas propiedades que permiten identificar de manera única la
presencia de un virus en un archivo, incluso en el caso de que el archivo en sí
sea un virus. Una firma de ataque puede ser: una cadena de caracteres, una
expresión semántica en un lenguaje especial, un modelo matemático formal, etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Firma De Ataque&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Firma de ataque (virus):
rasgos característicos de un virus informático utilizado para detectarlos. La
mayoría de los antivirus, escáneres de vulnerabilidades y sistemas de detección
de intrusos (IDS) modernos utilizan firmas de &quot; sintaxis &quot; tomadas
directamente del cuerpo del ataque ( un archivo de virus o un paquete de red
que pertenece a un exploit ). También hay firmas basadas en comportamiento o
anomalías, por ejemplo, acceder a un puerto de red en una computadora de manera
demasiado agresiva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Un ejemplo de firma del
cuerpo del virus Email-Worm.Win32.Happy, publicado en la revista Virus Bulletin
:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;feliz año nuevo 1999&amp;nbsp; -&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Tecnología de análisis de
firma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;La extracción de firmas la
llevan a cabo expertos en el campo de la virología informática, que pueden
extraer el código del virus del código del programa y formular sus propiedades
características en la forma más buscable. Casi todas las empresas que
desarrollan software antivirus tienen su propio equipo de especialistas que
analizan nuevos virus y agregan nuevas firmas a la base de datos antivirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El algoritmo de
funcionamiento del método de firma se basa en la búsqueda de firmas de ataque
en los datos de origen recopilados por la red y los sensores host del SOA
(sistema de detección de ataques). Al detectar la firma requerida, SOA registra
el hecho de un ataque de información que corresponde a la firma encontrada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El número de firmas no es
igual al número de virus detectados, porque a menudo se utiliza la misma firma
para detectar una familia de virus similares.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Métodos de firma para
detectar ataques&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Uno de los métodos de firma
más comunes para detectar ataques es el método de búsqueda contextual de un
determinado conjunto de caracteres en los datos de origen. Este método le
permite detectar ataques de manera efectiva en función del análisis del tráfico
de la red, ya que este método le permite establecer con mayor precisión los
parámetros de la firma que debe detectarse en el flujo de datos de origen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Otro método es el método de
análisis de estado, que genera firmas de ataque en forma de una secuencia de
transiciones IS de un estado a otro. Además, cada transición de este tipo está
asociada con la ocurrencia de ciertos eventos en el IS, que se determinan en
los parámetros de la firma del ataque.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los métodos basados ​​en
sistemas expertos permiten describir modelos de ataque en lenguaje natural con
un alto nivel de abstracción. El sistema experto que subyace a los métodos de
este tipo consta de una base de hechos y una base de reglas. Los hechos son los
datos iniciales sobre el trabajo del SI, y las reglas son métodos de inferencia
lógica sobre un ataque basados ​​en la base de hechos existente. Todas las
reglas del sistema experto están escritas en el formato &quot;si &amp;lt;...&amp;gt;,
entonces &amp;lt;...&amp;gt;&quot;. La base de reglas resultante debe describir las
firmas de ataque que la SOA debe detectar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Ventajas y desventajas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Las ventajas del método de
firma son:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 159.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;alto rendimiento;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 159.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;un pequeño número de errores del segundo tipo
;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 159.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;validez de las decisiones.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Desventaja del método de
firma:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 52.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;inadecuado para la protección contra nuevos
virus;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Para obtener una firma, debe
tener una muestra del virus. Es imposible crear una firma hasta que un nuevo
virus haya sido analizado por expertos. Desde el momento en que aparece un
virus en Internet hasta el momento en que se liberan las firmas pasan, en
promedio, varias horas. Las herramientas de protección adicionales utilizadas en
los programas antivirus, así como los métodos heurísticos, ayudan a proteger
contra nuevos virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
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&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;-------------------------- &amp;nbsp;-----------------------&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/feeds/7620145314012887216/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/2022/07/el-analisis-antivirus-de-firmas-resumen.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7861131339349224825/posts/default/7620145314012887216'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7861131339349224825/posts/default/7620145314012887216'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://cibernus.blogspot.com/2022/07/el-analisis-antivirus-de-firmas-resumen.html' title='El Análisis Antivirus De Firmas - Resumen Basico'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7861131339349224825.post-8152452829946334414</id><published>2022-07-19T02:54:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2022-07-19T02:56:23.298-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Android"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="computadora"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="empresa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="escuela"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="guia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hogar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="informatica"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="it"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pc"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proteccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solucion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soporte"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="support"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tablet"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="windows"/><title type='text'>La Eficacia De Los Antivirus - Resumen Basico</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;


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&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;La empresa de análisis
Imperva publicó un estudio como parte del proyecto Hacker Intelligence
Initiative , que muestra la baja eficiencia de la mayoría de los antivirus en
condiciones reales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Según los resultados de
varias pruebas sintéticas, los antivirus muestran una eficiencia promedio de
alrededor del 97%, pero estas pruebas se realizan en bases de datos de cientos
de miles de muestras, la gran mayoría de las cuales (quizás alrededor del 97%)
ya no se utilizan para ataques&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;La pregunta es qué tan
efectivos son los antivirus contra las amenazas más apremiantes. Para responder
a esta pregunta, Imperva y estudiantes de la Universidad de Tel Aviv obtuvieron
82 muestras del último malware de foros clandestinos rusos y lo probaron contra
la base de datos VirusTotal, es decir, contra 42 motores antivirus. El
resultado fue desastroso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;La eficacia de los antivirus contra el
malware recién compilado resultó ser inferior al 5 %. Este es un resultado
completamente lógico, ya que los creadores de virus siempre los comparan con la
base de datos de VirusTotal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Desde la aparición del virus hasta el
comienzo de su reconocimiento por parte de los antivirus, transcurren hasta
cuatro semanas. Este indicador lo logran los antivirus &quot;elite&quot;, y
para otros antivirus, el período puede alcanzar hasta 9-12 meses. Por ejemplo,
al comienzo del estudio el 9 de febrero de 2012, se probó una muestra nueva de
un instalador falso de Google Chrome. Tras la finalización del estudio el 17 de
noviembre de 2012, solo 23 de los 42 antivirus lo detectaron.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Los antivirus con mayor porcentaje de
detección de malware también tienen un alto porcentaje de falsos positivos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Aunque el estudio difícilmente puede
llamarse objetivo, debido a que la muestra de malware fue demasiado pequeña, se
puede suponer que los antivirus son completamente inadecuados contra las nuevas
ciberamenazas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;

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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;Bibliografia:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Moderna, Enciclopedia Britanica® 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Nueva Enciclopedia Tematica Grolier 2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Microsoft® Encarta® 2009.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;https://www.ecured.cu&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;( antivirus, herramienta de protección
antivirus, herramienta de detección de malware &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;) es un programa especializado para detectar
virus informáticos , así como programas no deseados (considerados maliciosos )
y recuperar archivos infectados (modificados) por dichos programas y
prevención: prevención de infecciones (modificaciones) de archivos o del
sistema operativo por código malicioso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los primeros antivirus
aparecieron a fines de la década de 1980, es difícil establecer de manera
inequívoca el momento de su aparición. Los pioneros fueron AntiVir y Dr.
Solomon&#39;s Anti-Virus Toolkit , creado en 1988, y Symantec antivirus para
Macintosh , lanzado un año después.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Métodos de protección
antivirus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Se utilizan tres grupos de
métodos para protegerse contra los virus:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Métodos basados ​​en el análisis del
contenido de archivos (tanto archivos de datos como archivos con códigos de comando).
Este grupo incluye el análisis de firmas de virus, así como la comprobación de
integridad y el análisis de comandos sospechosos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Métodos basados ​​en seguimiento del
comportamiento de los programas durante su ejecución. Estos métodos consisten
en registrar todos los eventos que amenazan la seguridad del sistema y ocurren
durante la ejecución real del código que se está verificando o durante su
emulación de software.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Métodos de regulación del orden de trabajo
con archivos y programas. Estos métodos son medidas administrativas de
seguridad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El método de escaneo de
firma ( análisis de firma, método de firma) se basa en la búsqueda de archivos
para una secuencia única de bytes: firmas , característico de un virus en
particular. Para cada virus recién descubierto, los especialistas del
laboratorio antivirus analizan el código, en base a lo cual se determina su
firma. El fragmento de código resultante se coloca en una base de datos
especial de firmas de virus que con el que trabaja el programa antivirus. La
ventaja de este método es una proporción relativamente baja de falsos
positivos, y la principal desventaja es la imposibilidad fundamental de
detectar un nuevo virus en el sistema para el cual no hay firma en la base de
datos del antivirus. -programa de virus, por lo que se requiere la
actualización oportuna de la base de datos de firmas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El método de control de
integridad se basa en el hecho de que cualquier cambio inesperado e irracional
de datos en el disco es un evento sospechoso que requiere una atención especial
del sistema antivirus. El virus necesariamente deja constancia de su presencia
(cambios en los datos de los archivos existentes (especialmente del sistema o
ejecutables), aparición de nuevos archivos ejecutables, etc.). El hecho del
cambio de datos - violación de la integridad&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;- se establece fácilmente comparando la suma de comprobación(resumen)
calculado de antemano para el estado inicial del código bajo prueba, y la suma
de comprobación (resumen) del estado actual del código bajo prueba. Si no
coinciden, la integridad se rompe y hay muchas razones para realizar una
verificación adicional de este código, por ejemplo, escaneando las firmas de
virus. Este método funciona más rápido que el método de escaneo de firmas, ya
que el cálculo de sumas de verificación requiere menos cálculos que las
operaciones de comparación byte a byte de fragmentos de código, además, le
permite detectar rastros de la actividad de cualquier virus, incluso
desconocido. no es, para los que aún no hay firmas en la base de datos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El método de escaneado de
comandos sospechosos ( escaneo heurístico, método heurístico ) se basa en la
detección de una serie de comandos sospechosos y/o signos de secuencias de
código sospechosas en el archivo escaneado (por ejemplo, un comando de formato
de disco duro o una función de inyección en un proceso en ejecución o código
ejecutable). Después de eso, se hace una suposición sobre la naturaleza
maliciosa del archivo y se toman medidas adicionales para verificarlo. Este
método tiene un buen rendimiento, pero muy a menudo no es capaz de detectar
nuevos virus .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Método de seguimiento del
comportamiento del programa es fundamentalmente diferente de los métodos de
escaneo de contenido de archivos mencionados anteriormente. Este método se basa
en el análisis del comportamiento de los programas en ejecución, comparable a
la captura de un criminal &quot;de la mano&quot; en la escena del crimen. Las
herramientas antivirus de este tipo requieren a menudo de la participación
activa del usuario, al que se le pide que tome decisiones en respuesta a
numerosas advertencias del sistema, una parte importante de las cuales pueden
convertirse posteriormente en falsas alarmas. La frecuencia de falsos positivos
(sospechar de un virus por un archivo inofensivo u omitir un archivo malicioso)
cuando se supera un cierto umbral hace que este método sea ineficaz y el
usuario puede dejar de responder a las advertencias o elegir una estrategia
optimista (permitir todas las acciones a todos los que se ejecutan). programas
o desactivar esta característica de la herramienta antivirus). Cuando se
utilizan sistemas antivirus que analizan el comportamiento de los programas,
siempre existe el riesgo de ejecutar comandos de código de virus que pueden
dañar la computadora o la red protegida. Para eliminar esta deficiencia, más
tarde se desarrolló un método de emulación (imitación) que le permite ejecutar
el programa bajo prueba en un entorno creado artificialmente (virtual), que a
menudo se denomina caja de arena ( sandbox ), sin el peligro de dañar el
entorno de información. El uso de métodos para analizar el comportamiento de
los programas ha demostrado su alta eficiencia en la detección de malware tanto
conocido como desconocido.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los principales tipos de
programas antivirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas detectores brindan búsqueda y
detección de virus en la RAM y en medios externos, y al detectarlos emiten un
mensaje correspondiente. Hay detectores universales y especializados .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas médicos (fagos) no solo
encuentran archivos infectados por virus, sino que también los
&quot;curan&quot;, es decir, eliminan el cuerpo del programa de virus del
archivo, devolviendo los archivos a su estado original. Al comienzo de su
trabajo, los fagos buscan virus en la RAM, los destruyen y solo luego proceden
a &quot;tratar&quot; los archivos. Entre los fagos se distinguen los polífagos,
es decir, programas médicos diseñados para buscar y destruir una gran cantidad
de virus. Dado que constantemente aparecen nuevos virus, los programas de
detección y los programas médicos se vuelven rápidamente obsoletos y se
requieren actualizaciones periódicas de sus versiones.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas de auditoría se encuentran
entre los medios más confiables para protegerse contra los virus. Los auditores
recuerdan el estado inicial de los programas, directorios y áreas del sistema
del disco cuando la computadora no está infectada con un virus, y luego,
periódicamente o a pedido del usuario, comparan el estado actual con el
original. Los cambios detectados se muestran en la pantalla del monitor. Por
regla general, los estados se comparan inmediatamente después de cargar el
sistema operativo. Al comparar, se verifican la longitud del archivo, el código
de control cíclico (suma de verificación del archivo), la fecha y hora de la
modificación y otros parámetros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas de filtro (watchmen) son
pequeños programas residentes diseñados para detectar acciones sospechosas
durante el funcionamiento de la computadora que son características de los
virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas de vacunas (inmunizadores)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;son programas residentes que previenen la
infección de archivos. Las vacunas se usan si no hay programas médicos que
“traten” este virus. La vacunación solo es posible contra virus conocidos. La
vacuna modifica el programa o disco de forma que no afecta a su funcionamiento,
y el virus los percibirá como infectados y por tanto no arraigará. Un
inconveniente importante de estos programas es su capacidad limitada para
prevenir la infección de una gran cantidad de virus diferentes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Clasificaciones de los
programas antivirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas antivirus se
dividen por ejecución (herramientas de bloqueo) en:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;software;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;software y hardware.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Sobre la base de la
ubicación en la memoria de acceso aleatorio asignada:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;residente (comienzan su trabajo cuando se inicia el sistema
operativo, están constantemente en la memoria de la computadora y verifican
automáticamente los archivos);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;no residente (puesta en marcha a petición del usuario o de
acuerdo con el horario fijado para éste).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Según el tipo (método) de
protección contra virus, existen:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas detectores, o escáneres ,
encuentran virus en la RAM, en medios internos y (o) externos, y muestran un
mensaje cuando se detecta un virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas médicos (fagos , polífagos)
encuentran archivos infectados y los “curan”. Entre este tipo de programas,
existen polífagos que son capaces de eliminar varios tipos de virus, siendo los
más famosos los antivirus polífagos Norton AntiVirus , Doctor Web , Kaspersky
Antivirus .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas vacunales (inmunizadores)
inmunizan el sistema (archivos, directorios) bloqueando la acción de los virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas Auditor son los más fiables en
cuanto a protección contra virus. Los auditores recuerdan el estado inicial de
los programas, directorios, áreas del sistema del disco hasta que la
computadora se infectó (como regla, según el cálculo de las sumas de
verificación), luego comparan el estado actual con el inicial, mostrando los
cambios encontrados en la pantalla.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas de monitoreo comienzan su
trabajo cuando se inicia el sistema operativo, están constantemente en la
memoria de la computadora y verifican automáticamente los archivos según el
principio &quot;aquí y ahora&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas de filtrado (watchdogs)
detectan el virus en una etapa temprana, antes de que comience a multiplicarse.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los programas de vigilancia son pequeños
programas residentes cuyo propósito es detectar acciones que son
características de los virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;Bibliografia:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;helvetica&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Enciclopedia Moderna, Enciclopedia Britanica® 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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