<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998</id><updated>2024-10-16T22:52:38.833-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Fristec Tecnologia</title><subtitle type='html'>Aplicações com foco na utilização da plataforma open hardware Arduino</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Fristec Tecnologia</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02034603388145912665</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>15</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-4999377889366605554</id><published>2011-02-14T04:07:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-09-11T16:13:41.370-07:00</updated><title type='text'>15 - Aplicação: Display LCD de caracter</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Os displays LCD representam uma forma prática e de baixo custo para exibir informações. Há diversos tipos de displays como os de caracter, gráficos, TFT, OLED, entre outros. Neste tópico será abordado o de caracter, que são os mais simples e baratos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Os displays de caracter são diferenciados pelo número de linhas, colunas, cor, dimensões e se têm ou não &lt;i&gt;backlight&lt;/i&gt;. Os displays com o recurso de &lt;i&gt;backlight&lt;/i&gt; ou luz de fundo são particularmente úteis em ambientes escuros.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Nas figuras abaixo temos alguns exemplos de displays:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;center&gt; &lt;table border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;display 8x2 (8 colunas e 2 linhas)&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;display 16x1 (16 colunas e 1 linha)&lt;/td&gt;     &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9y_8ydF5vFnpxgc0NEgm1atT4gk3s8et80vD1mnhA6nPFhQpgwfcHH8Mx37aZDydpAfNx7RjSRzm2BdH6rgR4d8nNIRSx_C_bM-SWBC7arMgep-W8MO7hAjd90ZjUdbvmaV97BZ-asvE/s1600/display8x2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9y_8ydF5vFnpxgc0NEgm1atT4gk3s8et80vD1mnhA6nPFhQpgwfcHH8Mx37aZDydpAfNx7RjSRzm2BdH6rgR4d8nNIRSx_C_bM-SWBC7arMgep-W8MO7hAjd90ZjUdbvmaV97BZ-asvE/s1600/display8x2.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUzrfpLV45SKZuHR_LwdiBygtAbqxbroMwLPIHlycLDY-iMDtznqBEVvui9FCdV8D1MWg9NZX_B2lZe1dxz1YlNANv10jTPwjyB6GChA4WwPpQvbHFeuf7-uHFdqW4wnjRX9qemtpVu_g/s1600/display16x1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUzrfpLV45SKZuHR_LwdiBygtAbqxbroMwLPIHlycLDY-iMDtznqBEVvui9FCdV8D1MWg9NZX_B2lZe1dxz1YlNANv10jTPwjyB6GChA4WwPpQvbHFeuf7-uHFdqW4wnjRX9qemtpVu_g/s1600/display16x1.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Independentemente de seu formato, os displays de caracter são programados de uma forma padronizada. Isto é possível graças à aderência dos fabricantes ao controlador &lt;a href=&quot;http://lcd-linux.sourceforge.net/pdfdocs/hd44780.pdf&quot;&gt;HD44780&lt;/a&gt;, o qual é responsável pelo troca de informações do display com o mundo exterior. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Os displays apresentam os seguintes pinos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;VSS :&amp;nbsp; 0V (terra)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;VDD ou VCC : 3.3V ou 5V (valores típicos)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vo ou Ve : tensão de contraste&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;RS : pino de seleção de envio de comando ou dados&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;R/W : pino de leitura ou escrita de dados&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;E : abilita o display para leitura/escrita&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;D0~D7 : 8 pinos de dados&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Backlight Anodo : 3.3V ou 5V (valores típicos)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Backlight Catodo : 0V (terra)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;Na figura abaixo é visualizada a pinagem de um display 16x2 com backlight:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlkj4ZWXAynlveEnb-kW6xfFLN6rFrlkhT-UIRsD-653nOTsMbLXqZlZChaL8LjKwEN-kz6AbBCAtlAXxnzFrharNtHQZAJP0k1cAMw-oE0Vuo1Y7hOnUSz-eklw02iCGrRHD9VSlQzSA/s1600/displayPinOut.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlkj4ZWXAynlveEnb-kW6xfFLN6rFrlkhT-UIRsD-653nOTsMbLXqZlZChaL8LjKwEN-kz6AbBCAtlAXxnzFrharNtHQZAJP0k1cAMw-oE0Vuo1Y7hOnUSz-eklw02iCGrRHD9VSlQzSA/s320/displayPinOut.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;O ambiente arduino disponibiliza a biblioteca &lt;i&gt;LiquidCrystal&lt;/i&gt; que facilita a programação de módulos de displays LCD. Esta biblioteca já acompanha o ambiente, sendo disponibilizados exemplos de sua utilização em &lt;i&gt;File--&amp;gt;Examples--&amp;gt;LiquidCrystal&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Para testar um display 16x2 que opera em 5V, similar ao da figura acima, conecte-o à sua placa arduino conforme o diagrama abaixo:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv-lful3W1PJ_WHR1EHNVWtmkx_CtWS-Uq2Ae4ph5jXmFuSfjFq9H9qCS-3wvzOPK3Upp-_G5Cxkf91m987XUVuiu7Sb3gbQK1NCL_DJFgOt7VbZwq8wGstq2Ik4Lmc7Nye2O2HZr7WSY/s1600/displayLCD+16x2+esquema.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;499&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv-lful3W1PJ_WHR1EHNVWtmkx_CtWS-Uq2Ae4ph5jXmFuSfjFq9H9qCS-3wvzOPK3Upp-_G5Cxkf91m987XUVuiu7Sb3gbQK1NCL_DJFgOt7VbZwq8wGstq2Ik4Lmc7Nye2O2HZr7WSY/s640/displayLCD+16x2+esquema.png&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Para realizar um teste preliminar de funcionamento do display, varie o potenciômetro de 10k ohms até que se observe uma barra horizontal conforme a figura abaixo: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_OPFyb2HZfmJ6sdNLn9LUQ_AU99KBkHVGUwspZFpTWbBkSLp5TB3Wqt5VicaZMq5w2r2xxfFahT4dce0ra-EiJAvmC-VUK_Guc7rfxq18j50y_4bzmQvSFaZcVubCgOzM69ES6gpqg40/s1600/displayContrasttest.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_OPFyb2HZfmJ6sdNLn9LUQ_AU99KBkHVGUwspZFpTWbBkSLp5TB3Wqt5VicaZMq5w2r2xxfFahT4dce0ra-EiJAvmC-VUK_Guc7rfxq18j50y_4bzmQvSFaZcVubCgOzM69ES6gpqg40/s320/displayContrasttest.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Em seguida, carregue o programa abaixo para visualizar a mensagem &quot;teste de LCD&quot; no display e uma contagem de tempo em segundos:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
#include &amp;lt;LiquidCrystal.h&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
// inicia a biblioteca &lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;// LiquidCrystal lcd(RS, E, D4, D5, D6, D7)&lt;br /&gt;
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void setup() {&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; // lcd com 16 colunas e 2 linhas &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; lcd.begin(16, 2);&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; // envia mensagem para o LCD.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; lcd.print(&quot;teste de LCD&quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void loop() {&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; // coloca o cursor na coluna 0 e linha 1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&amp;nbsp; lcd.setCursor(0, 1);&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; // envia o tempo em segundos para o LCD&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; lcd.print(millis()/1000);&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;O &lt;i&gt;backlight&lt;/i&gt; é formado por leds ligados em série. Por estes leds recai uma tensão e corrente típica que são informados pelo datasheet do display. Na figura abaixo é exibido como esta informação é fornecida e como o &lt;i&gt;backlight&lt;/i&gt; é energizado:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;datasheet&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;circuito energização&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2p0OddBKaFvBN9REebm8yuwgG68vrp9qHf9AJfZcqz5_HHSd_fV6RidLl-GR3tB2v4ogTLJ_p9cLUrdUGuGN8akSTOhq6hJqjMKvdNxDC21I-_epoQiIrYE5jtFWOc57kLRD1FTBj0OE/s1600/backlight.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;160&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2p0OddBKaFvBN9REebm8yuwgG68vrp9qHf9AJfZcqz5_HHSd_fV6RidLl-GR3tB2v4ogTLJ_p9cLUrdUGuGN8akSTOhq6hJqjMKvdNxDC21I-_epoQiIrYE5jtFWOc57kLRD1FTBj0OE/s320/backlight.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisD2H_W6meGRaeaKcT1syQoIS37_NtvAVLz9bPAtZVDjwz_YrTwUBVyN_CkVfrmo4g5sbt-gPM48MyOBf6tPYYYk6QypwsqvmOOpQhg76Cj69hNgXtgReQvPnkCV_ml4z5RkHI-OO1z2Y/s1600/backlight_circuit.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisD2H_W6meGRaeaKcT1syQoIS37_NtvAVLz9bPAtZVDjwz_YrTwUBVyN_CkVfrmo4g5sbt-gPM48MyOBf6tPYYYk6QypwsqvmOOpQhg76Cj69hNgXtgReQvPnkCV_ml4z5RkHI-OO1z2Y/s1600/backlight_circuit.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Neste caso, para uma tensão típica de 4.1V e corrente de 120mA, seria necessário utilizar um resistor limitador de corrente (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/eqnedit.php?latex=R_%7BLIMIT%7D&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?R_%7BLIMIT%7D&quot; title=&quot;R_{LIMIT}&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) dado por:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/eqnedit.php?latex=R_%7BLIMIT%7D=%5Cfrac%7B5-4.1%7D%7B0.12%7D%5Cfrac%7Bvolts%7D%7Bampere%7D=7.5%5C,%20%5C,%20ohms&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?R_%7BLIMIT%7D=%5Cfrac%7B5-4.1%7D%7B0.12%7D%5Cfrac%7Bvolts%7D%7Bampere%7D=7.5%5C,%20%5C,%20ohms&quot; title=&quot;R_{LIMIT}=\frac{5-4.1}{0.12}\frac{volts}{ampere}=7.5\, \, ohms&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Vale observar que podem ser utilizados outros valores de tensão, além de 5V, para alimentar o &lt;i&gt;backlight.&lt;/i&gt; Para tanto,&amp;nbsp; basta ajustar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/eqnedit.php?latex=R_%7BLIMIT%7D&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?R_%7BLIMIT%7D&quot; title=&quot;R_{LIMIT}&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; de forma que a corrente não supere os 120mA especificados pelo datasheet. &lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/4999377889366605554/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2011/02/15-aplicacao-display-lcd-de-caracter.html#comment-form' title='2 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/4999377889366605554'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/4999377889366605554'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2011/02/15-aplicacao-display-lcd-de-caracter.html' title='15 - Aplicação: Display LCD de caracter'/><author><name>Fristec Tecnologia</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02034603388145912665</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9y_8ydF5vFnpxgc0NEgm1atT4gk3s8et80vD1mnhA6nPFhQpgwfcHH8Mx37aZDydpAfNx7RjSRzm2BdH6rgR4d8nNIRSx_C_bM-SWBC7arMgep-W8MO7hAjd90ZjUdbvmaV97BZ-asvE/s72-c/display8x2.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-7030509073906696047</id><published>2011-01-25T13:46:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-13T08:43:20.241-08:00</updated><title type='text'>14 - Aplicação : sensor de distância HC-SR04</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;O sensor HC-SR04 permite detectar objetos que lhe estão distantes entre 2 cm e 500 cm com uma resolução de 0,3 cm. Estes sensores emitem um sinal ultrasônico que reflete num objeto e retorna ao sensor. O sinal de retorno é captado, permitindo-se deduzir a distância do objeto ao sensor tomando o tempo de trânsito do sinal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
O velocidade do sinal ultrasônico é de aproximadamente 340 m/s no ar, assim, se o sensor estiver a uma distância &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; do objeto, o sinal percorrerá uma distância equivalente a &lt;i&gt;2d&lt;/i&gt; para sair e retornar ao sensor, conforme figura abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzHB-ywCbGIQK2igILdvKmYcb2kSFPhEL7yX3ntoZR_YK1Rm0h2CNQJtVRqam78scTmaH3JSkcMsdnnehYKTHkAs6WqMMfF0dm55-0vataZl0UlKywDQ8m_1XpHoxK7iGvxTNQe_Mb1jY/s1600/sensor+HC-SR04.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;129&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzHB-ywCbGIQK2igILdvKmYcb2kSFPhEL7yX3ntoZR_YK1Rm0h2CNQJtVRqam78scTmaH3JSkcMsdnnehYKTHkAs6WqMMfF0dm55-0vataZl0UlKywDQ8m_1XpHoxK7iGvxTNQe_Mb1jY/s320/sensor+HC-SR04.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Dessa forma, o tempo que o sinal leva para sair e retornar ao sensor permite calcular a distância &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; pela equação: &amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/eqnedit.php?latex=velocidade=\frac{distancia}{tempo}\Rightarrow v=\frac{2d}{t}\Rightarrow d=\frac{v\cdot t}{2}\Rightarrow d=170\cdot t&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?velocidade=\frac{distancia}{tempo}\Rightarrow v=\frac{2d}{t}\Rightarrow d=\frac{v\cdot t}{2}\Rightarrow d=170\cdot t&quot; title=&quot;velocidade=\frac{distancia}{tempo}\Rightarrow v=\frac{2d}{t}\Rightarrow d=\frac{v\cdot t}{2}\Rightarrow d=170\cdot t&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Na figura abaixo é visualizado o sensor HC-SR04. Nele são encontrados 4 pinos de conexão que da direita para a esquerda são respectivamente :&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;VCC : alimentação de 5V&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;TRIG : pino de gatilho&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt; ECHO : pino de eco&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;GND : terra&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkggUDIAbhrEamYcYFLiy1UcQIVE0i9mbUd4iwtCTbjynsqIAdI-zq-EtUhS0mr0bSHBjRiz11jwUUzFoU1IJCNkEqU-M6k0G6IdBAJ17knCEKo_fcZDJJjX3AwxRsQpgGhPEo17jtbFw/s1600/sensorDistancia+HC-SR04.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkggUDIAbhrEamYcYFLiy1UcQIVE0i9mbUd4iwtCTbjynsqIAdI-zq-EtUhS0mr0bSHBjRiz11jwUUzFoU1IJCNkEqU-M6k0G6IdBAJ17knCEKo_fcZDJJjX3AwxRsQpgGhPEo17jtbFw/s1600/sensorDistancia+HC-SR04.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;O pino TRIG normalmente deve estar em nível baixo. Para iniciar uma leitura de distância, o mesmo deve ser colocado em nível alto por 10us e retornar para nível baixo em seguida. Neste momento, 8 pulsos de 40kHz são emitidos e no pino ECHO será gerado um sinal em nível alto proporcional à distância do sensor ao objeto. Em seguida, basta verificar o tempo em que o pino ECHO permaneceu em nível alto e utilizar a fórmula abaixo para obter a distância:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/eqnedit.php?latex=d_%7Bcentimetros%7D=%5Cfrac%7BECHO%5E%7Balta%7D_%7Btempo%5C_microssegundos%7D%7D%7B58%7D&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?d_%7Bcentimetros%7D=%5Cfrac%7BECHO%5E%7Balta%7D_%7Btempo%5C_microssegundos%7D%7D%7B58%7D&quot; title=&quot;d_{centimetros}=\frac{ECHO^{alta}_{tempo\_microssegundos}}{58}&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
A biblioteca &lt;a href=&quot;https://skydrive.live.com/embedicon.aspx/fristec/sensor%20HC-SR04%20BIBLIOTECA.zip?cid=862eb12d48a43f47&amp;sc=documents&quot;&gt;Ultrasonic&lt;/a&gt; para o arduino facilita o cálculo da distância. Basta descompactá-la e copiar a pasta &quot;Ultrasonic&quot; para o diretório &quot;libraries&quot; do ambiente arduino. Um exemplo de utilização da biblioteca segue abaixo, onde o pino digital 12 foi conectado ao TRIG e o pino 13 ao ECHO.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
#include &quot;Ultrasonic.h&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ultrasonic ultrasonic(12,13); // TRIG = pino 12&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;   ECHO = pino 13&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void setup() {&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;    Serial.begin(9600);&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void loop()&lt;br /&gt;
{&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;    Serial.print(&quot;distancia em centimetros : &quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;    Serial.println(ultrasonic.Ranging(CM));&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;    delay(1000);&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Para monitorar as distâncias amostradas, basta pressionar o botão &quot;Serial Monitor&quot; no ambiente arduino para obter uma tela similar a:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiieB4GZ8SxQQcWQIPiJZszpRuRM4ADG0jYBzZ2iP5abWCcBd0XD5qmVDLYsQEZgmZS3NeMVcXIERtigl63Z-g7JBRpkxeSJHj8YGkBDPdEuMXxUVYXri6VAKfGqBkNdLr8nVscQxCyyGQ/s1600/monitoramento.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;162&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiieB4GZ8SxQQcWQIPiJZszpRuRM4ADG0jYBzZ2iP5abWCcBd0XD5qmVDLYsQEZgmZS3NeMVcXIERtigl63Z-g7JBRpkxeSJHj8YGkBDPdEuMXxUVYXri6VAKfGqBkNdLr8nVscQxCyyGQ/s320/monitoramento.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.622396468484377&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/7030509073906696047/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2011/01/14-aplicacao-sensor-de-distancia-hc.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/7030509073906696047'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/7030509073906696047'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2011/01/14-aplicacao-sensor-de-distancia-hc.html' title='14 - Aplicação : sensor de distância HC-SR04'/><author><name>Fristec Tecnologia</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/02034603388145912665</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzHB-ywCbGIQK2igILdvKmYcb2kSFPhEL7yX3ntoZR_YK1Rm0h2CNQJtVRqam78scTmaH3JSkcMsdnnehYKTHkAs6WqMMfF0dm55-0vataZl0UlKywDQ8m_1XpHoxK7iGvxTNQe_Mb1jY/s72-c/sensor+HC-SR04.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-4676976963619073861</id><published>2011-01-16T04:55:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-09-11T16:01:51.085-07:00</updated><title type='text'>13 - Aplicação : sensor de temperatura DS18B20</title><content type='html'>O sensor DS18B20 utiliza o protocolo de comunicação 1-Wire. Este protocolo permite a conexão de inúmeros dispositivos numa mesma rede, utilizando apenas 1 fio para a troca de dados.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
O sensor DS18B20 fornece temperaturas entre -55°C e 125°C com uma precisão de  ±0.5°C no intervalo de -10°C to +85°C. Vide &lt;a href=&quot;http://datasheets.maxim-ic.com/en/ds/DS18B20.pdf&quot;&gt;datasheet&lt;/a&gt;. Ele é identificado na rede 1-Wire a partir de um código único de 64 bits.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Na figura abaixo são observados os seus pinos no encapsulamento TO92. Nota-se que o pino GND corresponde ao terra, VDD a 5V e no pino DQ é fornecida a informação de temperatura.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBYps34TYwlsZlsHBXhr4Qs-XC_xOFRHXWeaFBIBuz5SQyfWbZzQvvFN8likweolyRpTTrTFzkSNNidRtzEczCubxu3Cn2qFATJcR2tvZs-PP9ZZK9SkV9LpOn_YKiDFZxYEI0rDrM7g1G/s1600/ds18b20.gif&quot; onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5561456483111404802&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBYps34TYwlsZlsHBXhr4Qs-XC_xOFRHXWeaFBIBuz5SQyfWbZzQvvFN8likweolyRpTTrTFzkSNNidRtzEczCubxu3Cn2qFATJcR2tvZs-PP9ZZK9SkV9LpOn_YKiDFZxYEI0rDrM7g1G/s400/ds18b20.gif&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; height: 370px; width: 246px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Um microcontrolador pode ler informações deste sensor utilizando um único fio e resistor de pull-up, sendo normalmente utilizado um resistor de 4k7 ohms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
No circuito abaixo observa-se a conexão do sensor com uma placa arduino, sendo que foi escolhida a porta digital 2 do arduino para a leitura do sensor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHYeg4B8FjLcuKuTVIcAS_RuD7iioSkV2DmJTIGHL7OzX7eqhyQvJsdKez06mR_n8XJFvox0NSK7gm_bimB6eEv3ZWeRqlPUNHlG9dkzYefzcQw4Lk-KLW3xr9bonhcqHXK7inGbRb8omS/s1600/ds18b20_schem.jpg&quot; onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5561636478477994082&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHYeg4B8FjLcuKuTVIcAS_RuD7iioSkV2DmJTIGHL7OzX7eqhyQvJsdKez06mR_n8XJFvox0NSK7gm_bimB6eEv3ZWeRqlPUNHlG9dkzYefzcQw4Lk-KLW3xr9bonhcqHXK7inGbRb8omS/s400/ds18b20_schem.jpg&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; height: 357px; width: 366px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Para este circuito, é possível monitorar as temperaturas amostradas pelo sensor utilizando o código arduino abaixo. As bibliotecas &lt;i&gt;OneWire&lt;/i&gt; e &lt;i&gt;DallasTemperature&lt;/i&gt; podem ser obtidas &lt;a href=&quot;https://skydrive.live.com/embedicon.aspx/fristec/sensor%20DS18B20%20BIBLIOTECA.zip?cid=862eb12d48a43f47&amp;sc=documents&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;aqui&lt;/a&gt;. Basta descompactar as bibliotecas no diretório &quot;libraries&quot; do ambiente arduino.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
#include &quot;OneWire.h&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#include &quot;DallasTemperature.h&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&lt;onewire.h&gt;&lt;onewire.h&gt;&lt;dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 2&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;         // sensor conectado na porta digital 2&lt;/dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;/dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;/onewire.h&gt;&lt;/onewire.h&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&lt;onewire.h&gt;&lt;onewire.h&gt;&lt;dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);&lt;br /&gt;
DallasTemperature sensors(&amp;amp;oneWire);&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void setup() {&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Serial.begin(9600);&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; sensors.begin();     &lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;/dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;/onewire.h&gt;&lt;/onewire.h&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&lt;onewire.h&gt;&lt;onewire.h&gt;&lt;dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;dallastemperature.h&gt; void loop() {&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;   sensors.requestTemperatures();&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;   Serial.print(&quot;Temperatura no sensor 1 : &quot;);  // pode haver mais&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;   Serial.println(sensors.getTempCByIndex(0));    // do que um sensor&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;/dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;/dallastemperature.h&gt;&lt;/onewire.h&gt;&lt;/onewire.h&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Para verificar as temperaturas amostradas, basta pressionar a tecla &quot;Serial Monitor&quot; no ambiente de programação arduino e visualizar uma tela similar à figura abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc452rXHERDfx2ys6CNejhwifEEcd2NQfR6yZgZra9dGW6CdjLnVQoehCcOhrTYmUbGVuvz-V5Tq8OQHmCQQe-tuaKhbEddkAQkb4oWGWPe7PtxRkwYNiX58WQAoPams6sMvfkjbGUL9wK/s1600/ds18b20Janela.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;163&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc452rXHERDfx2ys6CNejhwifEEcd2NQfR6yZgZra9dGW6CdjLnVQoehCcOhrTYmUbGVuvz-V5Tq8OQHmCQQe-tuaKhbEddkAQkb4oWGWPe7PtxRkwYNiX58WQAoPams6sMvfkjbGUL9wK/s320/ds18b20Janela.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/script&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/4676976963619073861/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2011/01/13-aplicacao-sensor-de-temperatura.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/4676976963619073861'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/4676976963619073861'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2011/01/13-aplicacao-sensor-de-temperatura.html' title='13 - Aplicação : sensor de temperatura DS18B20'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBYps34TYwlsZlsHBXhr4Qs-XC_xOFRHXWeaFBIBuz5SQyfWbZzQvvFN8likweolyRpTTrTFzkSNNidRtzEczCubxu3Cn2qFATJcR2tvZs-PP9ZZK9SkV9LpOn_YKiDFZxYEI0rDrM7g1G/s72-c/ds18b20.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-1874313094568513451</id><published>2010-07-31T06:11:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-11T15:51:29.170-07:00</updated><title type='text'>12 - Arduino no protoboard com conversor TTL-USB</title><content type='html'>O microcontrolador que está inserido na placa Arduino pode ser retirado de seu soquete e instalado num protoboard ou mesmo num circuito impresso. Para isso, é necessário alimentá-lo com 5V, conectar um cristal de 16MHz e 2 capacitores de 22pF, conforme esquema abaixo que se refere a um microcontrolador de encapsulamento DIP28, como o ATMEGA8, ATMEGA168 ou ATMEGA328.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM0t-Xm7zL408-QvSg6n7LT9xJGStneeoi3gSo7jI-Sz_pNnOeXgqqNE9Hr5QkeTGpRiKdbd56F4qruLRYnng5Mv7XlNq1AZOHBMk0R_Pzc-poEwBk5sq0K1TeJZRqe5fHvCPX4gEuKqfg/s1600-h/minimo.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5439384639997065138&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM0t-Xm7zL408-QvSg6n7LT9xJGStneeoi3gSo7jI-Sz_pNnOeXgqqNE9Hr5QkeTGpRiKdbd56F4qruLRYnng5Mv7XlNq1AZOHBMk0R_Pzc-poEwBk5sq0K1TeJZRqe5fHvCPX4gEuKqfg/s320/minimo.png&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 278px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;A correspondência de pinagem entre o microcontrolador e aquela utilizada no ambiente de programação é exibida na figura abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5432228339219179442&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkt3sl29we7eu0GlBKLEsDSvTbqrRD5FtaFcJ9oUJzmoP5W6Uh7HokgEyxiZHJoxKVTb15g4SBbFva43QiSLViZOnfqEDeX87VOX7U9CW4PDqXQ2gE5qXClfPTnu89-P6iN5p5CkH66MhK/s320/arduino_pinmap.png&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 208px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd9imadOyR3AbX3fosVyagQbghPKwkq9j6ywpue3b8FhewpR7YRm_oszy94dnH9bcFu-0c_VJNd3OXokmbQqYUL337aAVBFFsGPBX4CCjOI8Wfk2YM6sXhUrHBx1y4BX-h08ls4Yiykloi/s1600-h/minimo.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Se, por exemplo, no ambiente de desenvolvimento fosse elaborado um programa que alternasse o nível de tensão do pino digital 13 entre alto e baixo, conforme exemplificado no item 7 deste tutorial, tal efeito seria notado no pino 19 do microcontrolador.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As placas Arduino normalmente contêm um chip conversor de sinais de USB para TTL, pois o computador se comunica pela USB com o ambiente externo e o microcontrolador por meio de níveis lógicos TTL. Assim, este conversor funciona como um tradutor entre o computador e o microcontrolador, o que permite a comunicação entre ambos.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Um microcontrolador com bootloader Arduino pode ser programado diretamente num circuito impresso ou num protoboard utilizando um conversor USB-TTL, sem a necessidade de uma placa Arduino completa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
O conversor deve dispor de 2 pinos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;RXD para recepção de dados&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;TXD para recepção de dados&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;O pino RXD do conversor deve estar conectado ao pino TXD do microcontrolador e o pino TXD do conversor, ao pino RXD do microcontrolador. Nos microcontroladores ATMEGA8, ATMEGA168 ou ATMEGA328 com encapsulamento DIP28, o RXD é o pino 2 e o TXD é o pino 3. (vide figura acima)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A conexão do microcontrolador ao conversor deve ser feita preferencialmente utilizando-se resistores entre 1k~10k ohm, conforme figura:&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5NPYRJ1gl-8V0vpg-AWR1SyuJ0SF9op4uoIjSGloMa4zbgF2vPMKY9s7sh0Oz5uDr219Nx33Wwkd0QUSX6AfAjZqQl7CPJmNWc8MvSVFkYK88DN00nIUE-r8CdpKoT2mBiRHOAD-i4YyI/s1600/conversorTTL_USB_bb.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5500173998189850514&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5NPYRJ1gl-8V0vpg-AWR1SyuJ0SF9op4uoIjSGloMa4zbgF2vPMKY9s7sh0Oz5uDr219Nx33Wwkd0QUSX6AfAjZqQl7CPJmNWc8MvSVFkYK88DN00nIUE-r8CdpKoT2mBiRHOAD-i4YyI/s400/conversorTTL_USB_bb.png&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 288px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Uma vez que o conversor TTL-USB está conectado ao computador pela porta USB e ao microcontrolador conforme figura acima, é possível programar o chip a partir do ambiente de desenvolvimento Arduino.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Uma fez que um programa foi compilado, deve-se seguir os passos abaixo para enviá-lo ao chip:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;clicar em:&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-vTihLGNyGbZKxV6Y0M0aoztgp0NXBU9Y2cP3JPWtj6JcpDYigMYEfV2jk9oNFwXvI6ahvvw4z_BgjVQX_6FTrc5pcwH-YJ9horZA7c7x3AThYV4NB8_lluY5FtB6B4NzbLVj5WswwpQ8/s1600/fig3_1_transferir.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5500180611343649954&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-vTihLGNyGbZKxV6Y0M0aoztgp0NXBU9Y2cP3JPWtj6JcpDYigMYEfV2jk9oNFwXvI6ahvvw4z_BgjVQX_6FTrc5pcwH-YJ9horZA7c7x3AThYV4NB8_lluY5FtB6B4NzbLVj5WswwpQ8/s400/fig3_1_transferir.jpg&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; height: 21px; width: 75px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;pressionar rapidamente o botão do circuito e liberá-lo em seguida&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
É importante observar que o conversor TTL-USB pode não ser prontamente visível ao computador, pois pode haver a necessidade de que seja instalado um driver que permita tal comunicação. Os fabricantes, via de regra, disponibilizam livremente para download o driver necessário.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A título de exemplo, o conversor exibido na figura abaixo (vide &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=6&amp;amp;ved=0CCsQFjAF&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.silabs.com%2FSupport%2520Documents%2FTechnicalDocs%2Fcp2102.pdf&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=CP2102&amp;amp;ei=2KVeTf6YBsTflgfx4cy4DA&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNHiXFgxE_TsS5zzcpskrrZXYNeArA&amp;amp;sig2=1vv4ucICTbFDMpJPBleh2Q&amp;amp;cad=rja&quot;&gt;datasheet&lt;/a&gt;) funciona diretamente no sistema operacional Ubuntu, enquando que no Windows há necessidade de instalar este &lt;a href=&quot;https://skydrive.live.com/embedicon.aspx/fristec/conversor%20USB-TTL%20cp2102%20DRIVER.zip?cid=862eb12d48a43f47&amp;sc=documents&quot;&gt;driver&lt;/a&gt; fornecido pelo fabricante.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxSG_bbj5J6rFrzl-hTWrxFwukvBAhpnXW92lLkHUjyS5T9gYJAgXQjWC7n82urMLXgVE995qmGdjUl3e6MftDUJVtEq260uSj_CAHHk-FYH331qErMSBWPtms548a0e8FYfrvaTGFS90/s1600/conversor.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;249&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxSG_bbj5J6rFrzl-hTWrxFwukvBAhpnXW92lLkHUjyS5T9gYJAgXQjWC7n82urMLXgVE995qmGdjUl3e6MftDUJVtEq260uSj_CAHHk-FYH331qErMSBWPtms548a0e8FYfrvaTGFS90/s320/conversor.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/1874313094568513451/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/07/12-programando-o-arduino-no-protoboard.html#comment-form' title='4 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/1874313094568513451'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/1874313094568513451'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/07/12-programando-o-arduino-no-protoboard.html' title='12 - Arduino no protoboard com conversor TTL-USB'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM0t-Xm7zL408-QvSg6n7LT9xJGStneeoi3gSo7jI-Sz_pNnOeXgqqNE9Hr5QkeTGpRiKdbd56F4qruLRYnng5Mv7XlNq1AZOHBMk0R_Pzc-poEwBk5sq0K1TeJZRqe5fHvCPX4gEuKqfg/s72-c/minimo.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>4</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-7306000486764962545</id><published>2010-03-14T05:45:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-07-31T05:50:29.971-07:00</updated><title type='text'>11 - Eagle - Diagramação de circuitos eletrônicos</title><content type='html'>Há uma série de softwares para a confecção de diagramas de circuitos eletrônicos, sendo encontrados tanto os que são pagos como os gratuitos. Neste tutorial será abordado o software &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Eagle &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;que se tornou bastante popular e pode ser obtido &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cadsoftusa.com/download.htm&quot;&gt;aqui&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;div&gt;O Eagle em sua versão gratuita restringe a área de trabalho em 10 x 8 cm e 2 camadas, no entanto, estas limitações ainda permitem a confecção de circuitos de significativa complexidade, o que tem garantindo a sua popularização entre hobistas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Assim que o Eagle é iniciado, surge a tela abaixo:&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTnjtK7eYp0EE4rGQDdAcabFpL8ltQVkHTiFfl9rWsu_8yoCe5g8h_ctss_FUNIb2eJQ46N6Lr35bVfO9vR2AySWclfPe3e65wbtif8ZGPOJJhparCynZn9tJf-TQKEQeOmVSChKTPVOp6/s1600/componente.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrgmImfKGiibV1gjhLpSpqrHNlADm7ysTNSPf3zY9xp47xuAkLuplBLmAyfm0yWMFxUwi6wtYpcLDJt9dSBRQ2cfftMH1PAT44sLKE3aygAeiMr6kXiss1KOrus8FoOpaUBn04iwfmm5cp/s1600-h/eable_inicial.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 225px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrgmImfKGiibV1gjhLpSpqrHNlADm7ysTNSPf3zY9xp47xuAkLuplBLmAyfm0yWMFxUwi6wtYpcLDJt9dSBRQ2cfftMH1PAT44sLKE3aygAeiMr6kXiss1KOrus8FoOpaUBn04iwfmm5cp/s320/eable_inicial.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5450101583403392098&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Neste ponto, é necessário iniciar um novo projeto o que pode ser feito em:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;File--&gt;New--&gt;Project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Assim que criado o projeto, o próximo passo é criar o esquemático a partir de:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;File--&gt;New--&gt;Schematic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Neste ponto deve surgir uma tela similar à exibida logo abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirARW2PvfcG10O6mN__alxuJaPSFu36fsFVScTUBA28luer-vfWwHuszzWoutnBEwBzyWEsZMjuNsXF54aroan4V0vS2TcTbfeU__kO2tFsl-XnKUu1KX5mTf8BOOMbxaXSM0ypUDb8Zz6/s1600-h/esquematico.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 254px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirARW2PvfcG10O6mN__alxuJaPSFu36fsFVScTUBA28luer-vfWwHuszzWoutnBEwBzyWEsZMjuNsXF54aroan4V0vS2TcTbfeU__kO2tFsl-XnKUu1KX5mTf8BOOMbxaXSM0ypUDb8Zz6/s320/esquematico.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5450104429886052162&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Para adicionar um componente ao diagrama basta clicar no botão &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Add&lt;/span&gt; que se encontra na barra lateral esquerda. Neste momento surge a tela:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTnjtK7eYp0EE4rGQDdAcabFpL8ltQVkHTiFfl9rWsu_8yoCe5g8h_ctss_FUNIb2eJQ46N6Lr35bVfO9vR2AySWclfPe3e65wbtif8ZGPOJJhparCynZn9tJf-TQKEQeOmVSChKTPVOp6/s1600/componente.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 192px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTnjtK7eYp0EE4rGQDdAcabFpL8ltQVkHTiFfl9rWsu_8yoCe5g8h_ctss_FUNIb2eJQ46N6Lr35bVfO9vR2AySWclfPe3e65wbtif8ZGPOJJhparCynZn9tJf-TQKEQeOmVSChKTPVOp6/s320/componente.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5500043818234945730&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se for inserido &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;mega8*&lt;/span&gt; no campo de pesquisa de componentes, surgirão todos os componentes cadastrados e cujos nomes se iniciam por &quot;mega8&quot;. Se, por outro lado, for inserido &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;mega8-P&lt;/span&gt; no campo de pesquisa, apenas o componentes com este nome específico é que será localizado.&lt;br /&gt;Para visualizar toda a biblioteca de componentes sem a aplicação de filtros, basta deixar vazio o campo de pesquisa e pressionar ENTER.&lt;br /&gt;Uma vez escolhido o componente desejado, basta pressionar OK e inseri-lo no diagrama.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Há diversos tutoriais do EAGLE na internet, assim, para aqueles que querem se aprofundar no assunto, segue abaixo uma série de links interessantes:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;http://www.scribd.com/doc/7230019/Tutorial-Eagle-Portugues&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;http://www.handmades.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=77&amp;amp;Itemid=46&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;http://www.eletronica.org/arq_apostilas/apostila_eagle_4x.pdf&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Outro programa bastante interessante e que permite elaborar circuitos como se estivessem no protoboard é o &lt;a href=&quot;http://fritzing.org/&quot;&gt;Fritizing&lt;/a&gt;. Na figura abaixo está um exemplo de circuito em que uma placa Arduino é conectada a outros componentes do protoboard.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrcLiryrik_ydXXTvHBmM0rF8Msh809HBwWCJEzUq9YnmZOF51shY65Jj-ci2wpk0taVsVGnSnzKTbEktDRZtnrJ4kYmbc_X0WVrkuy9u0mInOiT9tOclMpTZmcugcx3m7Tx7x9USoYWXW/s1600/fritzing.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 253px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrcLiryrik_ydXXTvHBmM0rF8Msh809HBwWCJEzUq9YnmZOF51shY65Jj-ci2wpk0taVsVGnSnzKTbEktDRZtnrJ4kYmbc_X0WVrkuy9u0mInOiT9tOclMpTZmcugcx3m7Tx7x9USoYWXW/s320/fritzing.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5500051685991521026&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/7306000486764962545/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/03/eagle-diagramacao-de-circuitos.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/7306000486764962545'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/7306000486764962545'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/03/eagle-diagramacao-de-circuitos.html' title='11 - Eagle - Diagramação de circuitos eletrônicos'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrgmImfKGiibV1gjhLpSpqrHNlADm7ysTNSPf3zY9xp47xuAkLuplBLmAyfm0yWMFxUwi6wtYpcLDJt9dSBRQ2cfftMH1PAT44sLKE3aygAeiMr6kXiss1KOrus8FoOpaUBn04iwfmm5cp/s72-c/eable_inicial.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-8820322162663111762</id><published>2010-02-12T10:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-07-31T05:06:26.298-07:00</updated><title type='text'>10 - Fonte de 5V</title><content type='html'>Como pode ser observado no item 9 deste tutorial, o microcontrolador foi alimentado com 5V de tensão contínua ou 5VDC. No entanto, pode ser difícil encontrar uma fonte que forneça exatamente 5V. Isso acontece porque as fontes geralmente apresentam saídas múltiplas de 1,5VDC, simulando a tensão fornecida pelas pilhas comuns. Para contornar este problema, pode-se recorrer a um regulador de tensão.&lt;br /&gt;Os reguladores de tensão exibidos na figura abaixo apresentam um pino de entrada, um de saída e outro conectado ao terra. Aplicando-se um intervalo de tensões em seu pino de entrada, é obtido uma tensão fixa no pino de saída. Assim, pode-se utilizar a saída de um regulador de 5V para alimentar o microcontrolador, valendo observar que a tensão de entrada do regulador deverá sempre ser superior à de saída e inferior a um limite definido em seu datasheet.&lt;br /&gt;Nas figuras podem-se observar 2 encapsulamentos para o regulador de tensão. A primeiro deles é o TO220 e  é utilizado para circuitos que consomem correntes mais elevadas de até 1,5A e o segundo é o TO92 para correntes de 100mA, sendo o mais comumente utilizado.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://engineering.purdue.edu/ece477/Webs/S04-Grp02/images/applet/7805.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 158px; height: 191px;&quot; src=&quot;https://engineering.purdue.edu/ece477/Webs/S04-Grp02/images/applet/7805.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6IfGCua2oLY1DdItPhgzLTH0QauKJixF85nSiLqQhoMwizMzIMAvY_2f_6gwcFuiXniVb1qPRpTghgwO8hpzZ3TvNZmO92M1hCu4x0YwSMXTwBNJq2zk_5qkzWwr4Eo28Mf_tLsxuxJsB/s1600/78L05.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 276px; height: 240px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6IfGCua2oLY1DdItPhgzLTH0QauKJixF85nSiLqQhoMwizMzIMAvY_2f_6gwcFuiXniVb1qPRpTghgwO8hpzZ3TvNZmO92M1hCu4x0YwSMXTwBNJq2zk_5qkzWwr4Eo28Mf_tLsxuxJsB/s320/78L05.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5456300467895643202&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Um regulador de 5V bastante empregado é o LM7805 e no circuito abaixo tem-se um exemplo de como utilizá-lo. Como pode ser observado, há necessidade de se adotar capacitores para garantir a estabilidade da tensão de saída.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0XFLVRkEpbv8fAdwrRfLiawg9oavl56xXdga2by6PkYVtqo1xBzLLTP8ubsSw-DdSBhLbjPW9S-cg64igRJfaGA9zghe2dk12V8TsEN-UXucTTrHfhhmWGfGZfEfNqGVLYkv_RNkLB2eM/s1600-h/REGULADOR.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 310px; height: 160px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0XFLVRkEpbv8fAdwrRfLiawg9oavl56xXdga2by6PkYVtqo1xBzLLTP8ubsSw-DdSBhLbjPW9S-cg64igRJfaGA9zghe2dk12V8TsEN-UXucTTrHfhhmWGfGZfEfNqGVLYkv_RNkLB2eM/s320/REGULADOR.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5437457822058125954&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/8820322162663111762/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/02/fonte-de-5v.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/8820322162663111762'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/8820322162663111762'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/02/fonte-de-5v.html' title='10 - Fonte de 5V'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6IfGCua2oLY1DdItPhgzLTH0QauKJixF85nSiLqQhoMwizMzIMAvY_2f_6gwcFuiXniVb1qPRpTghgwO8hpzZ3TvNZmO92M1hCu4x0YwSMXTwBNJq2zk_5qkzWwr4Eo28Mf_tLsxuxJsB/s72-c/78L05.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-7061047141893623560</id><published>2010-01-29T10:10:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-02-17T17:11:21.500-08:00</updated><title type='text'>9 - Arduino no protoboard</title><content type='html'>O microcontrolador que está inserido na placa Arduino pode ser retirado de seu soquete e instalado num protoboard ou mesmo num circuito impresso. Para isso, é necessário alimentá-lo com 5V, conectar um cristal de 16MHz e 2 capacitores de 22pF, conforme esquema abaixo que se refere a um microcontrolador de encapsulamento DIP28, como o ATMEGA8, ATMEGA168 ou ATMEGA328.&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM0t-Xm7zL408-QvSg6n7LT9xJGStneeoi3gSo7jI-Sz_pNnOeXgqqNE9Hr5QkeTGpRiKdbd56F4qruLRYnng5Mv7XlNq1AZOHBMk0R_Pzc-poEwBk5sq0K1TeJZRqe5fHvCPX4gEuKqfg/s1600-h/minimo.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 278px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM0t-Xm7zL408-QvSg6n7LT9xJGStneeoi3gSo7jI-Sz_pNnOeXgqqNE9Hr5QkeTGpRiKdbd56F4qruLRYnng5Mv7XlNq1AZOHBMk0R_Pzc-poEwBk5sq0K1TeJZRqe5fHvCPX4gEuKqfg/s320/minimo.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5439384639997065138&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;A correspondência de pinagem entre o microcontrolador e aquela utilizada no ambiente de programação é exibida na figura abaixo:&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkt3sl29we7eu0GlBKLEsDSvTbqrRD5FtaFcJ9oUJzmoP5W6Uh7HokgEyxiZHJoxKVTb15g4SBbFva43QiSLViZOnfqEDeX87VOX7U9CW4PDqXQ2gE5qXClfPTnu89-P6iN5p5CkH66MhK/s320/arduino_pinmap.png&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 208px;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5432228339219179442&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd9imadOyR3AbX3fosVyagQbghPKwkq9j6ywpue3b8FhewpR7YRm_oszy94dnH9bcFu-0c_VJNd3OXokmbQqYUL337aAVBFFsGPBX4CCjOI8Wfk2YM6sXhUrHBx1y4BX-h08ls4Yiykloi/s1600-h/minimo.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div&gt;Se, por exemplo, no ambiente de desenvolvimento fosse elaborado um programa que alternasse o nível de tensão do pino digital 13 entre alto e baixo, conforme exemplificado no item 7 deste tutorial, tal efeito seria notado no pino 19 do microcontrolador.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/7061047141893623560/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/9-microcontrolador-fora-da-placa.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/7061047141893623560'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/7061047141893623560'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/9-microcontrolador-fora-da-placa.html' title='9 - Arduino no protoboard'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM0t-Xm7zL408-QvSg6n7LT9xJGStneeoi3gSo7jI-Sz_pNnOeXgqqNE9Hr5QkeTGpRiKdbd56F4qruLRYnng5Mv7XlNq1AZOHBMk0R_Pzc-poEwBk5sq0K1TeJZRqe5fHvCPX4gEuKqfg/s72-c/minimo.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-3604493079879127040</id><published>2010-01-19T14:06:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-22T07:51:29.463-08:00</updated><title type='text'>8 - Pinagem</title><content type='html'>A placa mãe do Arduino apresenta uma série de marcações que identificam seus pinos conforme detalhado abaixo:&lt;div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;GND &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;terra ou 0 Volts&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;5V  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;   &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;tensão de 5 Volts&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;3v3&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;tensão de 3,3 Volts&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Vin&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;tensão da fonte de alimentação externa&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Digital&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;pinos digitais de 0 a 13, podendo ser entrada ou saída&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Analog&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;pinos analógicos de 0 a 6&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;AREF&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;pino de referência &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;RESET&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space:pre&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;pino de reinicio &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div&gt;É muito comum montar circuitos em protoboards ou matriz de contatos e depois conectá-los à placa do Arduino. Neste caso é fundamental utilizar um terra comum para o protoboard e a referida placa, o que é feito a partir do &lt;b&gt;pino GND&lt;/b&gt;. Os pinos &lt;b&gt;5V&lt;/b&gt; e &lt;b&gt;3.3V&lt;/b&gt; fornecem esta tensão e podem também ser utilizados na protoboard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;O pino&lt;b&gt; Vin &lt;/b&gt;disponibiliza a tensão de alimentação fornecida por uma fonte externa, a qual opcionalmente pode estar conectada à placa do Arduino. Esta pino pode ser útil quando há uma maior exigência de corrente para o circuito que está sendo alimentado a partir da placa do Arduino.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Os &lt;b&gt;pinos digitais&lt;/b&gt; podem processar apenas sinais com níveis de tensão alto (HIGH) e baixo (LOW) que correspondem respectivamente a 0 e 5V. Estes podem ser de saída (OUTPUT), forneçendo tais níveis de tensão, ou de entrada (INPUT), capturando o nível de tensão aplicado em determinado pino. Vale observar que os pinos analógicos também podem ser configurados como digitais, sendo identificados como pinos digitais de 14 a 19 os pinos analógicos de 0 a 5. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Os &lt;b&gt;pinos analógicos&lt;/b&gt; convertem proporcionalmente um sinal de 0 a 5V num valor entre 0 e 1023, ou seja, realizam a função de um conversor A/D de 10 bits. Se, por exemplo, for aplicada uma tensão &lt;b&gt;T&lt;/b&gt; num pino analógico, o valor &lt;b&gt;V&lt;/b&gt; lido internamente pelo Arduino será dado por:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;V=1023T/5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;O &lt;b&gt;pino AREF&lt;/b&gt; fornece outra referência de tensão para os pinos analógicos ao invés de 5V.  Se, por exemplo, for inserida uma tensão de referência de 2V em AREF, a fórmula acima teria que ser reescrita para:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;V=1023T/2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/3604493079879127040/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/8-pinagem.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/3604493079879127040'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/3604493079879127040'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/8-pinagem.html' title='8 - Pinagem'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-2526017887167608189</id><published>2010-01-18T12:35:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-18T15:37:08.377-08:00</updated><title type='text'>7 - Programas de exemplo</title><content type='html'>O ambiente de desenvolvimento do Arduino disponibiliza uma série de programas de exemplo, os quais são categorizados de forma a trazer uma melhor visibilidade às diferentes formas de utilização da plataforma. Para ter acesso a estes programas basta ir em &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;File--&gt;Examples&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A título de exemplo, carregando-se o programa que se encontra em&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt; File--&gt;Examples--&gt;Digital--&gt;Blink&lt;/span&gt; é obtido o código abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;int ledPin =  13;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;void setup()   {          &lt;br /&gt;pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;void loop()               &lt;br /&gt;{&lt;br /&gt;digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);&lt;br /&gt;delay(1000);            &lt;br /&gt;digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;delay(1000);&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Neste programa, é definida a variável &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;ledPin&lt;/span&gt; em:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;int ledPin =  13;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em seguida é iniciada a função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;setup&lt;/span&gt; onde o pino digital 13, ou &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;ledPin&lt;/span&gt;, é definido como de saída, ou seja, OUTPUT. Isso quer dizer que o microcontrolador pode alterar o nível de tensão neste pino como sendo baixo ou alto, o que normalmente corresponde a 0 e 5V respectivamente.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;void setup()   {          &lt;br /&gt;pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Após o &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;setup&lt;/span&gt;, dá-se início a rotina de &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;loop&lt;/span&gt; que se repete continuamente.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;void loop()               &lt;br /&gt;{&lt;br /&gt;digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);&lt;br /&gt;delay(1000);            &lt;br /&gt;digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);&lt;br /&gt;delay(1000);&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;digitalWrite(pino,nivel)&lt;/span&gt; faz com que o pino especificado se mantenha em nível alto, &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;HIGH&lt;/span&gt;, ou baixo, &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;LOW&lt;/span&gt;. A função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;delay(x)&lt;/span&gt; faz com que um programa fique paralisado por um periódo de x milisegundos, sendo que 1000 milisegundos corresponde a 1 segundo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Após o programa ser transferido ao Arduino, é possível testá-lo adicionando-se um led ao pino digital 13, conforme o circuito abaixo. Este led irá se acender e apagar a cada segundo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqmQBWyH_71zmFPOeeGgWphvgNvSU746HIPA5EfSpVotpfQVfix9_3cCW0_YhF-gbDA4ZdWnN1mT_zffnCbbvl5iZt_D10Ro68aJfXDXoJ1L1jp3mquN6n2MBJSZOrcjXSkTfCFSy2hkYR/s1600-h/Blink_bb.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 271px; height: 249px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqmQBWyH_71zmFPOeeGgWphvgNvSU746HIPA5EfSpVotpfQVfix9_3cCW0_YhF-gbDA4ZdWnN1mT_zffnCbbvl5iZt_D10Ro68aJfXDXoJ1L1jp3mquN6n2MBJSZOrcjXSkTfCFSy2hkYR/s320/Blink_bb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5428227731951954562&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/2526017887167608189/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/7-programas-de-exemplo.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/2526017887167608189'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/2526017887167608189'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/7-programas-de-exemplo.html' title='7 - Programas de exemplo'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqmQBWyH_71zmFPOeeGgWphvgNvSU746HIPA5EfSpVotpfQVfix9_3cCW0_YhF-gbDA4ZdWnN1mT_zffnCbbvl5iZt_D10Ro68aJfXDXoJ1L1jp3mquN6n2MBJSZOrcjXSkTfCFSy2hkYR/s72-c/Blink_bb.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-4145492758662847154</id><published>2010-01-15T12:42:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-15T16:28:35.990-08:00</updated><title type='text'>6 - Primeiro programa</title><content type='html'>Todo programa para o Arduino deve seguir a estrutura abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:arial;&quot;&gt;void setup() {&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family:arial;&quot;&gt;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family:arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;void loop() {&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family:arial;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;setup&lt;/span&gt; roda uma única vez assim que o programa se inicia e nela são definidas configurações iniciais. A função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;loop&lt;/span&gt;, como o próprio nome sugere, roda indefinidamente e se inicia assim que concluída a função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;setup&lt;/span&gt;. A partir da função &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;loop&lt;/span&gt; é estruturada a maior parte do programa que rodará no Arduino.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Para compilar o programa supracitado basta pressionar o botão:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOVSBom1hCtsHwWMVYAnYiIcmGoYWfX0kyFbm7lSVUvcKRUgdsjbzCx1U8iyCbLjJU7RI4NJL21lNeS4qj8l2MacMvLXXT6sL0jO9qa9HH858uJMfzG_iBI_dr_n6eoccBMZXqjhCC7dqn/s1600-h/fig3_1_compilar.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 75px; height: 25px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOVSBom1hCtsHwWMVYAnYiIcmGoYWfX0kyFbm7lSVUvcKRUgdsjbzCx1U8iyCbLjJU7RI4NJL21lNeS4qj8l2MacMvLXXT6sL0jO9qa9HH858uJMfzG_iBI_dr_n6eoccBMZXqjhCC7dqn/s320/fig3_1_compilar.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5427109037415264338&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se não foram detectados problemas de compilação, surgirá a mensagem &quot;Done compiling&quot;, conforme a tela abaixo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrVm0QdBVTinvOjp4XS0kFiQUmVR5QVFapndlTgxbcMFe209azPpRSfJ-_2Vh-0y5RefvogKMPt9tRjTKQ2xF1aeC1B9S4OVNJwhy5MAmQn52x9GFZG68YmT9QGf7LoRzp4b1NwLcf-Aie/s1600-h/compilado.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 278px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrVm0QdBVTinvOjp4XS0kFiQUmVR5QVFapndlTgxbcMFe209azPpRSfJ-_2Vh-0y5RefvogKMPt9tRjTKQ2xF1aeC1B9S4OVNJwhy5MAmQn52x9GFZG68YmT9QGf7LoRzp4b1NwLcf-Aie/s320/compilado.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5427109932216695874&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Uma vez que o programa foi compilado, é possível transferi-lo ao Arduino pressionando-se a tecla:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvptbfq18sXop23yMeA5lVCZitmt_8kdKRCvr1TGuyzn8u8Pp21Z2cIT5LP6JvdUoPY-S_GkYfhgu45cI4oK-n5KbQuwBvKCbB_vOELyU8DkjFsRuB82MA-tPurmWjsvJQNSCyXA0zgtvD/s1600-h/fig3_1_transferir.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 75px; height: 25px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvptbfq18sXop23yMeA5lVCZitmt_8kdKRCvr1TGuyzn8u8Pp21Z2cIT5LP6JvdUoPY-S_GkYfhgu45cI4oK-n5KbQuwBvKCbB_vOELyU8DkjFsRuB82MA-tPurmWjsvJQNSCyXA0zgtvD/s320/fig3_1_transferir.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5427111771662978738&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Caso não surjam mensagens em vermelho no quadro negro da IDE, o processo foi realizado com êxito.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/4145492758662847154/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/6-primeiro-programa.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/4145492758662847154'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/4145492758662847154'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/6-primeiro-programa.html' title='6 - Primeiro programa'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOVSBom1hCtsHwWMVYAnYiIcmGoYWfX0kyFbm7lSVUvcKRUgdsjbzCx1U8iyCbLjJU7RI4NJL21lNeS4qj8l2MacMvLXXT6sL0jO9qa9HH858uJMfzG_iBI_dr_n6eoccBMZXqjhCC7dqn/s72-c/fig3_1_compilar.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-6006397071039140907</id><published>2010-01-15T12:29:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-15T12:41:47.112-08:00</updated><title type='text'>5 - Definindo a porta serial</title><content type='html'>Uma vez definida a placa, é necessário configurar a porta serial através da qual o Arduino se comunica com o computador.  Isso é feito em &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Tools--&gt;Serial Port&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Para saber qual é a porta correta, uma vez que pode aparecer mais de uma opção no referido menu, basta desconectar a placa do Arduino e marcar quais portas estão disponíveis. Em seguida a placa deve ser reconectada, o que fará com com que surja uma nova opção, ou seja, justamente aquela que deve ser escolhida.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/6006397071039140907/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/5-definindo-porta-serial.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/6006397071039140907'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/6006397071039140907'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/5-definindo-porta-serial.html' title='5 - Definindo a porta serial'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-181300316797788095</id><published>2010-01-13T03:39:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-14T16:31:55.863-08:00</updated><title type='text'>4 - Definindo a placa</title><content type='html'>A programação do Arduino é feita a partir de um ambiente de desenvolvimento (IDE) que pode ser obtido livremente &lt;a href=&quot;http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software&quot;&gt;aqui&lt;/a&gt;. Um vez instalado este IDE, deve-se configurá-lo informando a placa mãe utilizada, o que é feito em &lt;em&gt;Tools--&gt;Board&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5h4U9Is4TdNXDuvOtKi-l0Tpkg3COwRthzQdm5fnunSy8NwYiffiJsbly2NJyVeAO6fybLlRYCChHQPAoPCjVdOvf_xyZYyiQloK3tcosjtYifz7-bzNXYFxT6WWixU1RIa3YpY5ZHC5O/s1600-h/placaConfig.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 256px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5h4U9Is4TdNXDuvOtKi-l0Tpkg3COwRthzQdm5fnunSy8NwYiffiJsbly2NJyVeAO6fybLlRYCChHQPAoPCjVdOvf_xyZYyiQloK3tcosjtYifz7-bzNXYFxT6WWixU1RIa3YpY5ZHC5O/s320/placaConfig.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5426755785075636706&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;É importante observar que se o usuário adquiriu uma placa &lt;em&gt;Arduino Duemilove, &lt;/em&gt;que vem com o microcontrolador ATMEGA328, e resolveu, por exemplo, substituir este microcontrolador pelo ATMEGA8, então será necessário apontar uma placa que contemple o ATMEGA8. Neste caso, uma escolha adequada seria &lt;em&gt;Arduino NG or older w/ATmegaA8&lt;/em&gt;.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/181300316797788095/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/4-ambiente-de-desenvolvimento.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/181300316797788095'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/181300316797788095'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/4-ambiente-de-desenvolvimento.html' title='4 - Definindo a placa'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5h4U9Is4TdNXDuvOtKi-l0Tpkg3COwRthzQdm5fnunSy8NwYiffiJsbly2NJyVeAO6fybLlRYCChHQPAoPCjVdOvf_xyZYyiQloK3tcosjtYifz7-bzNXYFxT6WWixU1RIa3YpY5ZHC5O/s72-c/placaConfig.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-1533654871044295184</id><published>2010-01-11T11:02:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-14T16:32:59.476-08:00</updated><title type='text'>3 - Tipos de placas mãe</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;A placa mãe do Arduino é formada por:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;microcontrolador&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;circuito de comunicação microcontrolador &lt;--&gt; computador (USB, porta serial)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;conectores para permitir o acesso aos pinos do microcontrolador&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div&gt;De acordo com a disposição desses conectores é possível acoplar &lt;i&gt;shields&lt;/i&gt; sobre a placa, os quais adicionam funcionalidades como a possibilidade de acesso a uma intranet, comunicação sem fio, tratamento de sinais de voz, entre outros.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Na figura abaixo temos uma placa Arduino com um microcontrolador da família ATMEGA de 28 pinos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh__AVqffj4EkFU0OwSm7KgvV-dj8YxRzvB7sziPPFPcCkSjU4PFEq-DMs6nXFdmQrhUPoyeYMrFxJC58JNM5B-76qQQwfgYwfiMG2QzUFgLZX-n8jrBeJhAUI92q78j0ohds9WVvqOZ9Hx/s320/duemilanove.gif&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 230px;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5425565921196511458&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Como pode ser observado, estão identificados 13 pontos de conexão digital, 6 analógicos, 1 de reset e outros que fornecem tensões como 5V, 3.3V e terra. No conector USB de cor metálica é encaixado o cabo USB que permite a comunicação do Arduino com um computador. Ao lado desse conector, vemos um chip &lt;i&gt;SMD&lt;/i&gt; que compatibiliza os sinais USB com aqueles utilizados pelo microcontrolador. O conector &lt;i&gt;Jack&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;à esquerda e abaixo&lt;i&gt; (negro), &lt;/i&gt;permite a alimentação da placa por uma fonte externa, valendo ressaltar que o seu uso é opcional, pois o conector USB já fornece a alimentação mínima necessária para o funcionamento da placa.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Na figura abaixo é possível observar um &lt;i&gt;shield&lt;/i&gt; acoplado a  uma placa Arduino.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifAo8sIkoUhfW1X-citMQlMtR_Uo5kmWEtqZdLTfJDeu33KGGTS_GX3yLBDTQh7oB-dgJ6Hgh688gtlhyoYQ9z2pqhtKKW9rIG3vNyuG_fHRlX6h1mnVGMbLuMmuZHuzt8G-cz-uYiwXIL/s1600-h/etheshild.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 287px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifAo8sIkoUhfW1X-citMQlMtR_Uo5kmWEtqZdLTfJDeu33KGGTS_GX3yLBDTQh7oB-dgJ6Hgh688gtlhyoYQ9z2pqhtKKW9rIG3vNyuG_fHRlX6h1mnVGMbLuMmuZHuzt8G-cz-uYiwXIL/s320/etheshild.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5425638366969133394&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Além do formato de placa que permite a adaptação de &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;shields&lt;/span&gt;, existem outras mais compactas que podem ser utilizadas diretamente num protoboard, facilitando a prototipação. Abaixo vemos um exemplo da placa &lt;a style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot; href=&quot;http://spiffie.org/kits/iduino/&quot;&gt;iDuino&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAup4s1hBdJO0Czdn5_B3DvY5uMpyHw30OVgynylydNfg4mfUYSCH8jCtNmta4AvUBVps3TGOAUEYXoIknkDPXIkUfHJ99fsT10M_gnFECRFgjGA-RW6URysrZ4MhLhGjUoFtJH9hOADdI/s1600-h/iDuino.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 122px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAup4s1hBdJO0Czdn5_B3DvY5uMpyHw30OVgynylydNfg4mfUYSCH8jCtNmta4AvUBVps3TGOAUEYXoIknkDPXIkUfHJ99fsT10M_gnFECRFgjGA-RW6URysrZ4MhLhGjUoFtJH9hOADdI/s320/iDuino.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5426175827788076594&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Há algumas placas que são conectadas ao computador por meio da porta serial ao invés da USB. Abaixo segue a placa &lt;a style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot; href=&quot;http://sanguino.cc/&quot;&gt;Sanguino&lt;/a&gt; que apresenta característica.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ikYYobe22u5mGGlHywf5b5YCC7F9i5QrPUmo-IK3Tl8pgRYEGz5ecU9hx-q6H78Ybc39bojwwz1roA-NENYaFqCQ-2I7Gn78hnDt0pNRYd5qTFQ9N3Xkbilpv4Z74MMn0EoxNHdtdRaO/s1600-h/sanguino.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 240px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ikYYobe22u5mGGlHywf5b5YCC7F9i5QrPUmo-IK3Tl8pgRYEGz5ecU9hx-q6H78Ybc39bojwwz1roA-NENYaFqCQ-2I7Gn78hnDt0pNRYd5qTFQ9N3Xkbilpv4Z74MMn0EoxNHdtdRaO/s320/sanguino.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5426176782704505986&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Outras placas que contemplam algum &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;hardware&lt;/span&gt; adicional também existem, facilitando a vida do usuário na confecção de seus protótipos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/1533654871044295184/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/3-placa-mae.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/1533654871044295184'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/1533654871044295184'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2010/01/3-placa-mae.html' title='3 - Tipos de placas mãe'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh__AVqffj4EkFU0OwSm7KgvV-dj8YxRzvB7sziPPFPcCkSjU4PFEq-DMs6nXFdmQrhUPoyeYMrFxJC58JNM5B-76qQQwfgYwfiMG2QzUFgLZX-n8jrBeJhAUI92q78j0ohds9WVvqOZ9Hx/s72-c/duemilanove.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-5224005906078799963</id><published>2009-12-31T06:49:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-13T03:35:50.100-08:00</updated><title type='text'>2 - Como iniciar ?</title><content type='html'>Primeiramente é necessário dispor de uma placa de desenvolvimento Arduino. Para descobrir fabricantes dessas placas basta escrever &quot;Arduino&quot; num mecanismo de busca como o Google ou na &lt;a href=&quot;http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; para que surjam várias opções. Atualmente há um fabricante nacional que disponibiliza uma placa compatível com Arduino, a qual é chamada &lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Tatuino&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Observa-se que há uma série de placas compatíveis com Arduino, utilizando inclusive microcontroladores de fabricantes diferentes, embora o mais comum seja os da família ATMEGA. A grande vantagem desssa abordagem é que havendo necessidade de substituição do microcontrolador por outro que seja mais simples e barato, ou mais rápido e com mais memória, por exemplo, não haverá necessidade de aprender as peculiariedades desse novo microcontrolador.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como exemplo de placas que não utilizam microcontroladores ATMEGA, pode-se citar o &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bugblat.com/products/cor.html&quot;&gt;Cortino&lt;/a&gt; (ARM),&lt;/em&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hackinglab.org/&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pinguino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (PIC) entre outros.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/5224005906078799963/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2009/12/como-iniciar.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/5224005906078799963'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/5224005906078799963'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2009/12/como-iniciar.html' title='2 - Como iniciar ?'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3631236306123538998.post-5055073352930031417</id><published>2009-12-31T04:17:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-01-11T11:01:33.894-08:00</updated><title type='text'>1 - O que é Arduino ?</title><content type='html'>Arduino é uma plataforma open-hardware que é amplamente documentada e pode ser  livremente reproduzida e modificada de acordo com necessidades específicas. Dentre os inúmeros sites que abordam o Arduino, são destacados os relacionados abaixo:&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;www.arduino.cc&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;www.freeduino.org&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como a plataforma é &quot;open&quot;, há contribuições e soluções divulgadas pela comunidade em  projetos das mais diversas áreas, como robótica, comunicação, sonorização, video, entre outros.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A plataforma basicamente é constituída por um microcontrolador que é programado com um software básico chamado de &quot;bootloader&quot; e uma placa mãe para abrigar este microcontrolador. O bootloader é o software que intermedia a troca de mensagens entre o microcontrolador e o computador. Dessa forma, é possível monitorar informações oriundas do microcontrolador ou mesmo programá-lo a partir de um computador.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A atualização do &lt;span style=&quot;font-style:italic;&quot;&gt;firmware&lt;/span&gt; do Arduino se faz a partir de um ambiente próprio de programação que é livremente disponibilizado pelo site http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/feeds/5055073352930031417/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2009/12/arduino_31.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/5055073352930031417'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3631236306123538998/posts/default/5055073352930031417'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://fristec.blogspot.com/2009/12/arduino_31.html' title='1 - O que é Arduino ?'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>