AryansWorld Gyaan

Krishna Janmashtami (12 Aug 2020): Puja Timings, History and Importance

2020-08-12T13:14:00.004+05:30

Krishna Janmashtami also known simply as Janmashtami or Gokulashtami, This is an annual Hindu festival that celebrates the birth of Load Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. It is usually observed according to the Hindu calendar, on the eighth day (Ashtami) of the Krishna Paksha in Shraavana or Bhadrapad which overlaps with August or September. This year, Janmashtami celebrations will begin August 11, with many people also likely to celebrate it the next day.

Ashtami Tithi will begin on August 11 at 9:06 AM and will end on August 12 at 11:16 AM.

Nishita (midnight) puja time – August 12, 12:21 am to 01:06 am

Dahi handi – August 12

It is an important festival, On this day people enact Dance-drama based on the life of Krishna according to the Bhagavata Purana (such as Rasa Lila or Krishna Lila), sing devotional throughout midnight and fast through the day. when Krishna was born, fasting (upavasa), a night vigil (Ratri Jagaran), and a festival (Mahotsav) on the following day are a part of the Janmashtami celebrations.

It is celebrated particularly in Mathura and Vrindavan, along with major Vaishnava and non-sectarian communities found in Manipur, Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and all other states of India.

Importance of Janmashtami

Krishna is Devaki and Vasudeva Anakadundubhi's son and his birthday is celebrated by Hindus as Janmashtami, Tthe festival is celebrated when Krishna is believed to have been born according to Hindu tradition, which is in Mathura, at midnight on the eighth day of Bhadrapada month (overlaps with August and 3 September in the Gregorian calendar).

Celebrations

Hindus celebrate Janmashtami by fasting, singing, praying together, preparing and sharing special food, night vigils, and visiting Krishna or Vishnu temples. Major Krishna temples organize recitation of ‘'Bhagavata Purana and Bhagavad Gita. Many communities organize dance-drama events called Rasa Lila or Krishna Lila. The tradition of Rasa Lila is particularly popular in the Mathura region, in northeastern states of India such as Manipur and Assam, and in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Celebrations in India

Maharashtra

Janmashtami (popularly known as "Gokulashtami" as in Maharashtra) is celebrated in cities such as Mumbai, Latur, Nagpur, and Pune. Dahi Handi is celebrated every August/September, the day after Krishna Janmashtami.

The festival gets this popular regional name from the legend of baby Krishna. According to it, he would seek and steal milk products such as yogurt and butter and people would hide their supplies high up out of the baby's reach. Krishna would try all sorts of creative ideas in his pursuit, such as making human pyramids with his friends to break these high hanging pots.

Gujarat and Rajasthan

People in Dwarka in Gujarat – where Krishna is believed to have established his kingdom – celebrate the festival with a tradition similar to Dahi Handi, called Makhan Handi. Others perform folk dances at temples, sing bhajans, visit the Krishna temples such as at the Dwarkadhish Temple or Nathdwara. In the Kutch district region, farmers decorate their bullock carts and take out Krishna processions, with group singing and dancing.

Northern India

Janmashtami is the largest festival in the Braj region of north India, in cities such as Mathura where Hindu tradition states Krishna was born, and in Vrindavan where he grew up. Vaishnava communities in these cities in Uttar Pradesh, as well as others in the state, as well as locations in Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Uttarakhand and Himalayan north celebrate Janmashtami. Krishna temples are decorated and lighted up, they attract numerous visitors on the day, while Krishna devotees hold bhakti events and keep night vigil.

Amazon India is creating close to 50,000 seasonal opportunities across its fulfilment and delivery network

2020-08-12T00:07:00.000+05:30

As India continues to maintain social distancing to fight the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, Amazon India firmly believes it has a unique role to play providing a critical service for the community; to help them get the items they need for their families without leaving their homes. Amazon India today announced that it has opened close to 50,000 seasonal roles to meet the surge in demand from people relying on Amazon’s service, particularly those most vulnerable to being out in public. This will be a variety of roles in their fulfillment centers and delivery network including part-time flexible work opportunities as independent contractors with Amazon Flex.

The associates will join other thousands of associates across Amazon India’s fulfillment and delivery network and assist them to pick, pack, ship and deliver customers’ orders placed for sellers more efficiently.

“One thing we’ve learned from the COVID-19 pandemic is how important a role Amazon and eCommerce can play for our customers as much as for small businesses & the economy. We take this responsibility seriously, and we’re proud of the work our teams are doing to help small and other businesses deliver to our customers through this difficult time. We want to continue helping customers all over India get everything they need so they can continue to practice social distancing. To enable this, we are creating work opportunities for close to 50,000 seasonal associates across our fulfillment and delivery network. This will also keep as many people as possible working during this pandemic while providing a safe work environment for them.” said Akhil Saxena, VP, Customer Fulfillment Operations, APAC, MENA & LATAM, Amazon.

For those interested to apply for these seasonal opportunities, they can call 1800-208-9900 or send an email to seasonalhiringindia@amazon.com.

Amazon India announces 20,000 seasonal employment opportunities in Customer Service

2020-08-10T19:36:00.009+05:30

Amazon India today announced that it has opened close to 20,000 seasonal employment opportunities in its customer service (CS) organization to ensure customers worldwide continue to have a seamless online shopping experience. The new positions are now open in Hyderabad, Pune, Coimbatore, Noida, Kolkata, Jaipur, Chandigarh, Mangalore, Indore, Bhopal, and Lucknow. Most of the positions are part of Amazon’s ‘Virtual Customer Service’ program that provides flexible work-from-home options.

The new positions will require associates to support customer needs and deliver personalized, peculiar experiences that customers love through various mediums like email, chat, social media, and phone. The eligibility criteria for these positions include – minimum educational qualification of 12th standard pass and proficiency in English, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, or Kannada.

Earlier this year, Amazon had announced that it plans to create 1 million new jobs in India by 2025 through continued investments in technology, infrastructure, and its logistics network. The jobs – created both directly and indirectly – will be across industries, including information technology, skill development, content creation, retail, logistics, and manufacturing, and are in addition to the 700,000 jobs Amazon’s investments have enabled over the last seven years in India.

For those interested to apply for these seasonal opportunities, they can call 1800-208-9900 or send an email to seasonalhiringindia@amazon.com

How to Increase Immunity Power in Corona Virus Time

2020-08-08T10:13:00.001+05:30

Immunity keeps us safe from many diseases. There are many such minor diseases that our body deals with itself. When the immunity of the disease is weak, the effect of diseases is quick. In such a situation the body becomes weak and we start falling ill frequently.

Our immune system keeps us safe from many diseases. Immunity provides protection from many bacterial infections, fungal infections. From these things it becomes clear that the possibility of getting sick increases when the immune power is weak. In such a situation, it is very important that we maintain our immune power.

There can be many reasons for the weakening of immunity. Sometimes it is due to carelessness of food, sometimes due to wrong intoxication habits and sometimes it is also due to congenital weakness.

Now the question arises that if the immune power becomes weak then what measures should be taken to increase it? Here are some such measures that you can try and increase your immunity within a week:

Green vegetables should be consumed and fruits or dry fruits should be eaten.

Should drink green tea and black tea and make basil or black pepper tea.
Eating raw garlic will also increase immunity and I should also use Lahsun.

Pranayam should be done in the open air every morning.

You should sleep or wake up from time to time and keep obesity low, keep weight under control.

To protect against infectious diseases, it is very beneficial to consume vitamin C, such as lemon, amla or orange, as it contains sufficient amount of vitamin C, which is helpful in keeping away from diseases.

Consumption of curd also increases immune power. Along with this, it is also helpful in keeping the digestive system better.

1167 Posts - Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) Recruitment - Last Date 26 August 2020

2020-08-07T23:41:00.006+05:30

Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) - (Govt Jobs) invites application for the Probationary Officer/ Management Trainee posts for Vacancy 2020 - interested Candidates can apply in All India, Recruitment is open.

Follow this Blog Article for Vacancy Detail, Age Limit, Selection Process, Qualification and eligibility criteria and Last Date is 26/08/2020.

Organization:	Institute of Banking Personnel Selection
Location:	All Over India
Total Vacancies	1,167 Posts
Post Name:	Probationary Officer/ Management Trainee (PO / MT-X)
Applying Mode:	Online
Starting Date:	05.08.2020
Last Date:	26.08.2020
Official Website:	www.ibps.in

Qualification Details:

- The candidates must have Passed Any Degree or the equivalent from a recognized Board For Recruitment

Required Age Limit:

- Minimum Age: 20 Years

- Maximum Age: 30 Years

Salary Package:

- Refer to Official Notification

Mode of Selection:

- Written Exam

- Interview

Application Fee:

- Rs. 175/- for SC/ST/PWBD candidates.

- Rs. 850 /- for all others

How to Apply:

(1) Scan their :

- photograph (4.5cm × 3.5cm)

- signature

- left thumb impression

(2) Signature in CAPITAL LETTERS will NOT be accepted.

(3) The left thumb impression should be properly scanned and not smudged

(4) The text for the handwritten declaration is as follows –

“I, _______ (Name of the candidate), hereby declare that all the information submitted by me in the application form is correct, true and valid. I will present the supporting documents as and when required.”

(5) The above-mentioned handwritten declaration has to be in the candidate’s handwriting and in English only and should NOT BE IN CAPITAL LETTERS. If it is written by anybody else or in any other language, the application will be considered as invalid.

(6) Keep the necessary details/documents ready to make Online Payment of the requisite application fee/ intimation charges.

(7) have a valid personal email ID, which should be kept active till the declaration of results of this round of CRP. IBPS may send intimation to download call letters for the Examination etc. through the registered e-mail ID. Under no circumstances, a candidate should share with/mention e-mail ID to / of any other person. In case a candidate does not have a valid personal e-mail ID, he/she should create his/her new e-mail ID before applying on-line and must maintain that email account.

(Before Applying, Candidates are advised to go through official Notification very carefully.)

Notification Link: Click Here

Apply Online: Click Here

Ayodhya Ram Mandir Bhoomi Poojan Live

2020-08-06T16:26:00.007+05:30

Prime Minister Narendra Modi is attending the 'Bhoomi poojan', the foundation stone laying ceremony for Ram Temple. Narendra Modi wearing traditional dhoti-kurta, and deboarded an Air Force helicopter that flew him to Ayodhya from Lucknow on August 5. He was welcomed at the Saket helipad by Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, among others. The ceremony will take place at the Ram Janmabhoomi, or the birthplace of Lord Ram, by 175 people, who figure in a select guest list of seers and politicians. Prior to the function, the prime minister and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath took part in 'pooja' and 'darshan' at Hanumangarhi temple. From Hanumangarhi, he travelled to 'Shree Ram Janmabhoomi' where he offered prayers to 'Bhagwan Shree Ramlala Virajman' and performed the groundbreaking ceremony. Later, he unveiled a plaque to mark the laying of the foundation stone and also release a commemorative postage stamp on 'Shree Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir.

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Beirut Explosions: 2750 Tonnes of Ammonium Nitrate Explosion in Beirut, 73 Killed, 3,700 Injured

2020-08-05T20:23:00.009+05:30

At least 73 were killed and 3,700 injured following two enormous explosions that rocked the Lebanese capital of Beirut on Tuesday. In a video of the blast, a huge plume of smoke was seen rising into the sky while distant buidings left shaken, sending the city into the panic mode.

Officials said the toll was expected to rise after the blast at port warehouses that stored highly explosive material. The explosion was the most powerful ever to rip through Beirut, a city still scarred by civil war three decades ago and reeling from an economic meltdown and a surge in coronavirus infections.

President Michel Aoun said 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate, used in fertilisers and bombs, had been stored for six years at the port without safety measures. He called it "unacceptable".

An official source familiar with preliminary investigations blamed the incident on negligence. Ordinary Lebanese directed anger at politicians who have overseen decades of state corruption and bad governance that plunged the nation into financial crisis.

Happy Friendship Day 2020 Wishes Images, Messages, Status, Photos, Quotes.

2020-08-02T11:53:00.001+05:30

Friendship Day is also called International Friendship Day or Friend's Day, This a day in several countries for celebrating friendship.

Friendship Day celebrations occur on different dates in different countries. The first World Friendship Day was proposed for 30 July in 1958, by the World Friendship Crusade. On 27 April 2011 the General Assembly of the United Nations declared 30 July as official International Friendship Day. However, some countries, like India, celebrate Friendship Day on the first Sunday of August. In Nepal, Friendship day is celebrated on 30 July each year. In Oberlin, Ohio, Friendship Day is celebrated on 9 April each year.

Some peoples come together with their friends celebrate each other with exchanges of gifts and cards on this day. No matter how old we are, friends are what keep us going. They are always around to lighten the mood when tensions are high or as an emotional sounding board when we need to rant about our life’s misgivings. Friendship bands are very popular in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and parts of South America. With the advent of social networking sites, Friendship Day is also being celebrated online. The commercialization of the Friendship Day celebrations has led to some dismissing it as a "marketing gimmick". But nowadays it is celebrated on the first Sunday of August rather than 30 July.

Due to corona pandemic, a lot of people are stay at home and might not be able to meet their friends and wish them in person on this joyous day. Perhaps the best gift to give your friends during this time is ensuring their safety as well as yours by staying indoors.

Here are some quotes and wishes you can share with your friends, to express your love and appreciation, from the safety of your home.

• Friendship is the purest of all relation. If you ever find a friend who is true and honest, be thankful and don’t ever let him go. Happy Friendship Day to all!

• Good friends like you are like stars. They’re always there, shining bright.

• No matter what I wish for you on this special day, it will not be enough to express the feelings I have for you. you always have a very special place in my heart. Happy friendship day!

• A good friend always knows all your stories, keeps them safe and loves you all the same. You are my Forever Friend. I am so incredibly glad to have found you.

• True friendship comes when the silence between two people is comfortable.

• A good friend always knows all your stories, keeps them safe and loves you all the same.

Sushant Singh Rajput Biography

2020-08-02T00:34:00.000+05:30

Sushant Singh Rajput (21 January 1986 – 14 June 2020) was an Indian actor. Rajput started his career with television serials. His debut show was Star Plus's romantic drama Kis Desh Mein Hai Meraa Dil (2008), and after a starring role in Zee TV's show Pavitra Rishta (2009–2011).

Sushant Singh Rajput was born in Maldiha in the Purnia district and his father is Krishna Kumar Singh and mother name is Usha Singh. One of his sisters, Mitu Singh, is a state-level cricketer. His mother's death in 2002 left Rajput and it was in the same year that the family moved from Patna to Delhi.

Rajput attended St. Karen's High School in Patna and Kulachi Hansraj Model School in New Delhi. According to Rajput, he had ranked seventh in the DCE Entrance Exam in 2003 and secured admission in the Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering) class at Delhi College of Engineering. He was also a National Olympiad Winner in Physics. In all, he cleared as many as 11 engineering entrance exams, including that for the Indian School of Mines. After he started participating in theatre and dance, he rarely had time for studies, resulting in several backlogs which ultimately made him leave DCE. He completed only three years of the four-year course before dropping out to pursue an acting career.

Within a few months of joining the dance class, Rajput was selected to be a member of Davar's standard dance troupe. In 2005, he was chosen to be one of the groups of background dancers at the 51st Filmfare Awards. In 2006, he was part of the troupe that went to Australia to perform in the cultural programme at the opening ceremony of the 2006 Commonwealth Games. By this time, he was tired of engineering. He was happy and successful in the dance and drama classes and decided to do what he was good at. He dropped out of engineering and devoted himself full-time to dancing and acting.

To make a break into films, Rajput moved to Mumbai and joined Nadira Babbar's Ekjute theatre group, which he remained a part of for two and a half years. During this time, he was featured in a TV advertisement for Nestle Munch, which became famous throughout India.

Rajput made his film debut in the buddy drama Kai Po Che! (2013), for which he received a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut. He then starred in the romantic comedy Shuddh Desi Romance (2013) and as the titular detective in the action thriller Detective Byomkesh Bakshy! (2015). His highest-grossing releases came with a supporting role in the satire PK (2014), followed by the titular role in the sports biopic M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story (2016). For his performance in the latter, he received his first nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor. Rajput went on to star in the commercially successful films Kedarnath (2018) and Chhichhore (2019).

NITI Aayog, the policy think-tank of the Indian government, signed him to promote the Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP). Apart from acting and running Innsaei Ventures, Rajput was actively involved in various programmes like Sushant4Education, as a part of efforts to help young students. Rajput died by suicide at his home in Bandra, Mumbai in June 2020, at age 34.

A Quick Guidelines for unlock 3.0

2020-07-31T08:49:00.002+05:30

• No Night curfew.

• Yoga institutes and gyms to open from August 5.

• Independence Day functions allowed with health protocols.

• Schools, colleges and coaching institutes closed till August 31.

• International air travel permitted in limited manner under Vande Bharat Mission.

All activities, except the following, shall be permitted outside containment zones:

(i) Metro Rail.

(ii) Cinema halls, swimming pools, entertainment parks, theatres, bars, auditoriums, assembly halls and similar places.

(ii) Social/political /sports /entertainment /academic /cultural /religious functions and other large congregations.

New Education Policy 2020 - (5+3+3+4 Replaces 10+2)

2020-07-30T08:12:00.011+05:30

Breaking news

1. Cabinet has approved the New Education Policy 2020. Education policy has been changed after 34 years.

2. Board will be in 12th class only, MPhil will be closed, College degree of 4 years.

3. Changes in education policy will end 10th Board, MPhil will also be closed,

4. Cabinet also approved changing the name of the HRD Ministry to "Education Ministry"

The Cabinet has approved the New Education Policy 2020. Education policy has been changed after 34 years. HRD Minister Dr. Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank said that this policy will pave an important way. This will prove to be a milestone in the construction of new India. Opinions on this policy have been taken from every corner of the country and the opinions of all sections of people have been included in it. For the first time in the history of the country, it has happened that everyone's opinion has been taken on such a large level.

Important changes

- Under the new education policy, now students up to 5th std will be taught in mother tongue, local language and national language only.

- The rest of the subjects, even if they are English, will be taught as a subject.

- Now, only the board exams have to be taken in the 12th standard. Whereas before it was mandatory to take the 10th board examination, which will not happen now.

- The examination will be done in the semester from 9th to 12th class. Schooling will be taught under the 5 + 3 + 3 + 4 formula. The same college degree will be 3 and 4 years old. That is, certificate will be given on first year of graduation, diploma in second year, degree in third year.

- The 3rd year degree is for those students who do not have to take higher education. At the same time, students doing higher education will have to do a 4-year degree. Students doing 4 years degree will be able to do MA in one year.

Instead of exams being held every, school student will sit only for three - at Grades 3,5 and 8.

All higher education institutions except legal and medical colleges, to be governed by a single regulator

Now students will not have to MPhil. Rather MA students will now be able to do Ph.D. directly.

Students will be able to do other courses in between.

By 2035 the gross enrollment ratio will be 50 percent in higher education. At the same time, under the new education policy, if a student wants to do another course in the middle of a course, then he can take a second course by taking a break from the first course for a limited time.

Many improvements have also been made in higher education. Improvements include graded academic, administrative and financial autonomy. Apart from this, e-courses will be started in regional languages. Virtual labs will be developed. A National Educational Scientific Forum (NETF) will be started.

Modi government declared new education policy of 21st century, renamed MHRD.

There will be same rules for all government, private, deemed institutions.

आधार ऑपरेटर प्रमाण पत्र के लिए आवेदन कैसे करें | How to Apply For Aadhaar Operator Certificate

2020-07-28T16:20:00.082+05:30

Candidate must have the following documents, before submitting the Application Form for Aadhaar Operator or Supervisor Certificated.

• Candidate must have his/her latest mobile number registered in Aadhaar for OTP Verification.

• Candidate must have updated his/her Latest Photograph in Aadhaar in last 3 months for Verification on Exam Date.

• Candidate must be 18 Years in Age as per Aadhaar.

• Candidate must have minimum Educational Qualification required for the selected Certification Role.

• Candidate must have latest copy of e-Aadhaar downloaded.

• Candidate must have Aadhaar Paperless Offline e-KYC in XML File and Share Code downloaded from UIDAI Website. https://resident.uidai.gov.in/offlineaadhaar

• Candidate must have read Leaner Guide and Question Bank Test Structure available on UIDIA. Click here

• Candidate must have read the Test Structure and Passing Percentage for the Role of Operator, Supervisor and CELC Operator available at UIDAI. Click here

• Candidate must be in touch with any Active Enrollment Agency to work with them after successful Certification as UIDAI.

• Candidate must have valid Debit Card, Credit Card or Net Banking Facility to make Online Test/Retest Fee Payment.

• Candidate have to select "Level of Exam" as UIDAI Certification for "Operator", "Supervisor" or "Operator Child Enrollment Lite Client" at the time of registration.

• Candidates certified as Child Enrolment Lite Client Operator will be able to work only on CELC application software. They will not be able to do any other type of enrolment i.e. on ECMP as Operator/Supervisor. However candidates certified as Operator/Supervisor will be able to work both on ECMP and CELC Client.

• Candidates have to select the Education Qualification, Enrollment Agency Code, Exam Role, Exam Language, email ID, preferred Test Center and submit the Application Form. Candidate must select these correctly, as there is no provision of changing the selection Application form is submitted.

• Candidates must bring the copy of e-Aadhaar downloaded or Aadhaar Letter with Latest Photograph along with Admit Card on the examination date for Candidate Verification purpose. In case of non availability of Admit Card OR mismatch in Photograph printed on e-Aadhaar/Aadhaar Letter and the candidate appearance, he/she will be disallowed from taking the exam.

• A Test fee of Rs. 470. 82 (Rs. 399 + 18 % GST) and Retest fee Rs. 235.41 (Rs. 199.50 + 18 % GST) has to be paid using Online Payment provided after successful application submission. There is no additional bank charge for using the online payment facility.

• The Retest Fee is applicable only for the cases wherein the Candidate Fails or is Absent on the exam date.

• In case candidate wants to update his/her Certificate Level from Operator Role to Supervisor Role, he/she has to register afresh and obtain minimum passing marks required for Supervisor.

Apply For Aadhaar Operator Certificate: Click here

Sample Certificate

Pradhan Mantri Savnidhi Yojana and Street vendors can get loan up to 10000

2020-07-27T09:06:00.005+05:30

PM SAVNidhi Yojana - Scheme Guidelines

Street vendors represent a very important constituent of the urban informal economy and play a significant role in ensuring availability of the goods and services at affordable rates at the door-step of the city dwellers. They are known as vendors, hawkers, thelewala, rehriwala, theliphadwala etc. in different areas/ contexts. The goods supplied by them include vegetables, fruits, ready-to-eat street food, tea, pakodas, breads, eggs, textile, apparel, footwear, artisan products, books/ stationary etc. The services include barber shops, cobblers, pan shops, laundry services etc. The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdowns have adversely impacted the livelihoods of street vendors. They usually work with a small capital base and might have consumed the same during the lockdown. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide credit for working capital to street vendors to resume their business.

Objectives

The scheme is a Central Sector Scheme i.e. fully funded by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs with the following objectives: (i) To facilitate working capital loan up to `10,000; (ii) To incentivize regular repayment; and (iii) To reward digital transactions

The scheme will help formalize the street vendors with above objectives and will open up new opportunities to this sector to move up the economic ladder.

Eligibility Criteria of Beneficiaries

The Scheme is available to all street vendors engaged in vending in urban areas as on or before March 24, 2020. The eligible vendors will be identified as per following criteria:

(i) Street vendors in possession of Certificate of Vending / Identity Card issued by Urban

(ii) Local Bodies (ULBs); - The vendors, who have been identified in the survey but have not been issued Certificate of Vending / Identity Card;

Provisional Certificate of Vending would be generated for such vendors through an IT based Platform. ULBs are encouraged to issue such vendors the permanent Certificate of Vending and Identification Card immediately and positively within a period of one month.

(iii) Street Vendors, left out of the ULBled identification survey or who have started vending after completion of the survey and have been issued Letter of Recommendation (LoR) to that effect by the ULB / Town Vending Committee (TVC); and

(iv) The vendors of surrounding development/ peri-urban / rural areas vending in the geographical limits of the ULBs and have been issued Letter of Recommendation (LoR) to that effect by the ULB / TVC.

PM Svanidhi Yojana - Required Document

Proof of Vending

• Vendor ID card (VID)or

• Certificate of vending (CoV) or

• TVC Letter of recommendation

To check the name in Street Vendor Survey click on below link & note SRN No. http://pmsvanidhi.mohua.gov.in/Schemes/SearchVendor

KYC documents

• Aadhaar Card or Voter’s Identity Card or Driving Licence or MNREGA Card or PAN Card.

• Aadhaar linked bank account

• Mobile number should be linked with Aadhaar

Step to Apply for PM Savnidhi Yojana

• Search PM Svanidhi scheme in Google or Click here

• Enter BENEFICIARY Mobile number and click request for OTP

• Select Vendor Category

• Select desired options and click Next button

• In Second step enter your Aadhaar Number (Put aadhaar number which has mobile number linked)

• Enter OTP which you got on registered mobile number

• Fill complete form like personal detail, Address information, Family Detail, Area of Vending, Monthly Sale, Bank Account detail, Previous loan detail, Loan Amount Required, Local References etc. and click submit button

• Applicant photo will be captured from Aadhaar, now click submit button.

• Select the preferred bank name and branch where the application will be submitted for processing.

• Check information and submit the application

• Note your application number

• You can preview, download or withdraw your application.

• Applications submitted will be sent to selected bank for approval and processing of request.

For More Information, go though below document

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Naga Panchami - Indian Festival

2020-07-25T16:02:00.000+05:30

Naga Panchami is a day of traditional worship of Nagas or snakes observed by Hindus throughout India, Nepal, and other countries where Hindu adherents live. The worship is offered on the fifth day of bright half of lunar month of Shravana (July/August), according to the Hindu calendar. Some Indian states, such as Rajasthan and Gujarat, celebrate Naga Panchami on the dark half (Krishna Paksha) of the same month. As part of the festivities, a Naga or serpent deity made of silver, stone, wood, or a painting of snakes is given a reverential bath with milk and their blessings are sought for the welfare of the family. Live snakes, especially cobras, are also worshipped on this day, especially with offerings of milk and generally with the assistance of a snake charmer.

In the Mahabharata epic, the sage Astika's quest to stop the sacrifice of serpents (Sarpa Satra) of King Janamejaya, is well known, as it was during this sacrifice that the Mahabharata as a whole was first narrated by the sage, Vaisampayana. This yagna sacrifice was performed by Janamejaya to decimate the race of Nagas through killing every snake in existence to avenge the death of his father Parikshita due to the deadly bite of Takshaka, the king of the snakes. The day that the sacrifice was stopped, due to the intervention of the Astika, was on the Shukla Paksha Panchami day in the month of Shravana. That day has since been observed as Naga Panchami.

Central Reserve Police Force - CRPF Recruitment (All India Can Apply) - Last Date 31 August

2020-07-22T23:05:00.010+05:30

CENTRAL RESERVE POLICE FORCE (CRPF) - (Govt Jobs) invites application for the Various posts for Vacancy 2020 - interested Candidates can apply in All India, Recruitment is open.

Follow this Blog Article for Vacancy Detail, Age Limit, Selection Process, Qualification and eligibility criteria and Last Date is 31/08/2020.

Applications are invited from male & female Indian citizens for filling up the combatised posts of Group “B” and “C” non-ministerial, non- gazetted, combatised Paramedical staff in Central Reserve Police Force on all India basis.

Organization:	CENTRAL RESERVE POLICE FORCE
Location:	All India
Post Name:	Refer Notification (Page 1 to 6)
Applying Mode:	Offline
Starting Date for Online Application:	20/07/2020
Last Date for Online Application:	31/08/2020
Date of written examination:	20/12/2020
HELPLINE NO.	011-26160255
Any amendment to the advertisement or updates regarding recruitment and tests/result etc. will only be Published on CRPF Website (www.crpf.gov.in). Candidates are requested to regularly log on to www.crpf.gov.in for updates

HOW TO APPLY:

Candidate should supply all the required details while filling up the form and will have to paste their photograph and signature. Due care should be taken by the candidates to fill up their application form correctly. Incomplete or defective applications shall be summarily rejected. No representation correspondence regarding such rejection shall be entertained under any circumstances.

The specimen application form is attached with this notice. The application must be submitted by hand/post only.

(a) The duly filled application form with photocopies of all relevant documents, 02 latest passport size photographs and envelopes mentioning correspondence address of applicant with requisite stamps should be mailed/deposited. Application will be rejected in case of non-receipt of photographs. Name of the examination i.e. “Central Reserve Police Force Paramedical Staff Examination, 2020” should be written on the top of envelope before dispatching it to “DIGP, Group Centre, CRPF, Bhopal, Village-Bangrasia, Taluk-Huzoor, District-Bhopal, M.P.-462045”. The candidates should clearly mention the post for which he/she has applied for post in the application form.

(b) Request for change/correction in any particulars in the Application Form shall under any circumstances. The Department will not be responsible for any consequences arising out of non-acceptance of any correction/addition/deletion in any particular filled in application form whatever the reasons may be.

(c) All candidates, whether already in Government Service, Government owned industrial undertakings or other similar organisations or in private employment should submit their applications direct to the CRPF. If any candidate forwards his application through his employer or any other means and it reaches the CRPF late, the application, even if submitted to the employer before the closing date, will not be considered. Persons already in Government service whether in permanent or temporary capacity for as work charged employees other than causal for daily rated employees for those serving under the public enterprises are however, required to submit an undertaking that they have informed in writing their Head of Office/Department that they have applied for the examination.

Required Age Limit: Refer Notification (Page 1 to 6)

Application Fee:

Male candidates belonging to Unreserved/EWS/OBCcategory applying for recruitment to the above posts should deposit Rs.200/-(Rupees two hundred) only for Group ‘B’ & Rs.100/-(Rupees one hundred) only for Group ‘C’ posts as examination fee. Candidates belonging to Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes and female candidates are not required to pay any fee.

Fee may be sent through Indian Postal Orders and Bank Drafts only. Any other mode of payment will not be accepted and such applications will be summarily rejected. Applications not accompanied by the prescribed fee shall be summarily rejected. Fee once paid shall not be refunded under any circumstances nor can the fee be held in reserve for any other examination or selection.

(Candidates who have to pay application fee can pay through Indian Postal Order or Bank Draft in favour of DIGP, Group Centre, CRPF, Bhopal payable at SBI-Bangrasia.)

(Before Applying, Candidates are advised to go through official Notification very carefully.)

Notification Link: Click Here

What is Bacteria and Useful & harmful effects of bacteria

2020-07-22T12:22:00.004+05:30

What is Bacteria

Bacteria can be identified as unicellular (single-celled) plants that are found everywhere in water, air, soil, food, and inside and outside living bodies. A single cell is known as a Bacterium. Can you imagine the size of a bacterium? Bacteria are extremely small; their size ranges from 0.2 to 100 microns (one micron is a millionth of a metre). They are generally thought to be the first living organisms that evolved on earth. They are believed to have appeared around three thousand million years ago. They are the simplest living organisms found on earth.

The cell of a bacterium has an outermost covering the cell wall hence, they are considered as plants. There is no well-developed nucleus, but the nuclear material is found scattered in the jelly-like substance known as cytoplasm present inside the cell. Bacteria moves with the help of thread-like structures called flagella, present all over the body. A cyst, which is a hard protective coating, is present on the cell wall. It helps the bacteria to withstand adverse conditions. When unfavourable conditions prevail, bacteria remain inactive but start the process of reproduction when favourable conditions return.

Bacteria are found in various shapes?

Like other organisms, bacteria need nutrition. Most bacteria cannot make their own food; only a few of them can do so. They do this by a process quite similar to photosynthesis, with the help of sulphur, hydrogen sulphide, etc. Many types of bacteria display saprophytic mode of nutrition, i.e., they mostly derive their food from dead and decaying matter. Some are parasitic in nature and can take shelter inside the body of a suitable host. They then proceed to extract food from the body of the host. All parasitic bacteria are not harmful; some are quite harmless and can live in the intestines of living organisms without causing any harm.

Some species of bacteria require oxygen during respiration to break down food and release energy; they are called aerobic bacteria, whereas the few that can live without oxygen are known as anaerobic bacteria.

A warm and moist environment is the most favourable environment for the growth and reproduction of bacteria although even otherwise, they reproduce at a fast rate. Some bacteria reproduce at moderate temperatures ranging from 25°C to 37°C. Some can grow and multiply even in extreme conditions of moisture and temperature. Bacterial growth is also dependent on the amount of nutrition available in the near vicinity.

Reproduction in bacteria commonly takes place by binary fission. Growing under favourable conditions, the nuclear material of the bacterial cell divides first. This is followed by the division of cytoplasm, which finally divides the cell into two daughter cells that can separate or sometimes cling together forming clusters, chains or filaments. The E.coli bacteria, which are usually found in the intestines of animals and human beings, reproduce very fast under favourable conditions. It is said that they take just 20 minutes to multiply, that is, a single bacterium can give rise to millions of bacteria in just one day!

Useful and harmful effects of bacteria

Useful bacteria

1. Used in making antibiotics for the treatment of infectious diseases.

2. Used in making food and beverages. Lactobacillus helps in fermentation of carbohydrate and helps in setting of curd.

3. Used in jute and leather industry for processing and tanning.

4. Rhizobium bacteria helps in nitrogen fixation.

5. Helps in decomposition of biodegradable wastes, thus helping to clean the environment and produce compost.

6. Bacteria present in the intestine help to break down the food (in humans) and cellulose (present in the digestive system of the animals, such as goat, cow, etc.)

Harmful bacteria

1. Cause diseases in plants and animals by producing poisonous substances called toxins.

2. Responsible for causing typhoid, cholera, pneumonia, tetanus, leprosy, whooping cough, etc., in humans.

3. Responsible for causing citrus canker and wilt diseases in plants.

4. Responsible for causing tuberculosis, anthrax and brucellosis in animals.

5. Spoils food by producing toxins.

6. Bacteria Clostridium botulinium grows in canned food and causes a serious type of food poisoning.

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What is Computer Networking and types of network

2020-07-13T14:35:00.013+05:30

This Article includes

· Creating computer network

o Network Topology

o Start topology

o Ring topology

o Bus topology

· Network Topology

· Network Interface Cards (NIC)

o Hub

o Switch

o Router

· Types of network

o PAN

o LAN

o CAN

o MAN

o WAN

· What is Protocol?

Computer networking is the interconnection of various computers for the purpose of communication. The communication includes exchange of data, file transfer with the help of computer system, software applications, and users. Computer networking can exist between two computers and continue to happen between hundreds and thousands of computers. Two devices are said to be networked when a process in one device is able to exchange information with a process in another device.

The computers that are involved in the network that originate, route and terminate the data are called nodes. The interconnection of computers is accomplished with a combination of cable or wireless media and networking hardware. We will discuss about this later.

Creating computer network

Networking two or more computers together requires a basic understanding of computer hardware and software, but once this process is done, it allows you to share resources between the computers. If you have the right equipment, you can network two computers together in just a few moments, with minimal effort.

In order to create networking between the computers, it is necessary that the computers have access to same network

Network Topology

Topology is the schematic description of the arrangement of a network, including its nodes and connecting lines, while a network topology is the arrangement of the various elements such as nodes, of a computer. Topology is the indication of how data flows within a network, regardless of its physical design. Depending upon the type and nature of the connection made, topologies can be of different kinds. Although, the study of network topology recognizes eight basic topologies; however, the most commonly known are:

Star Topology

Alternatively referred to as a star network, a star topology is one of the most common network setups where each of the devices and computers on a network connect to a central hub or switch. In this network, all the data transferred or shared first come to the central hub and then goes to the respective system. Star networks are relatively easy to install and manage, but bottlenecks can occur because all data must pass through the hub. The primary disadvantage of the star topology is that the hub represents a single point of failure, that is, if the central hub fails, all computers connected to that hub would be disconnected.

Ring Topology

As the name suggest, in ring topology, all devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop to form a ring. In this network connection, each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Ring topologies are relatively expensive and difficult to install, but they offer high bandwidth and can span large distances. The use of ring topology is on the verge of extinction as the topology offers only one path for information flow. Thus, if any links failure happens amidst the connection, the entire ring connection would fail.

Bus Topology

In case of Bus topology, all the devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone. Bus networks are the simplest way to connect multiple users. The topology uses Ethernet systems to make the connections. Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. The biggest advantage of Bus topology is that if one computer fails it does not affect the other computers. However, the disadvantage is that if the main cable fails, all the other connected computers will die.

Tree Topology

Tree topology is one of the most common network setups that are similar to a bus topology and a star topology. Hence is also referred to as star bus topology. A tree topology connects multiple star networks to other star networks, that is, it consists of groups of star-configured workstations connected to a linear bus backbone cable. In a tree topology, if the main cable or trunk between each of the two star topology networks

fail, those networks would be unable to communicate with each other. However, computers on the same star topology would still be able to communicate with each other.

Hybrid Topology

Justifying the name, Hybrid networks use a combination of any two or more topologies in such a way that the resulting network does not exhibit one of the standard topologies. For example a tree network connected to a tree network is still a tree network topology. A hybrid topology is always produced when two different basic network topologies are connected.

Networking Hardware

As mentioned earlier, networking hardware are important components that are required to create a computer network. Networking hardware includes all computers, peripherals, interface cards and other equipment needed to perform data-processing and communications within the network. Networking hardware includes many components. They are:

Network Interface Cards (NIC)

The network interface card (NIC) provides the physical connection between the network and the computer workstation. Most NICs are internal, and they are included in the purchase of most computers. Network interface cards are a major factor in determining the speed and performance of a network. It is a good idea to use the fastest network card available for the type of workstation you are using.

Hub

Hub is an unintelligent network device that sends one signal to all of the stations connected to it. All computers/devices are competing for attention because it takes the data that comes into a port and sends it out to all the other ports in the hub. Traditionally, hubs are used for star topology networks, but they are often used with other configurations to make it easy to add and remove computers without bringing down the network.

Switch

It is a device that splits large networks into small segments, decreasing the number of users sharing the same network resources and bandwidth. It understands when two devices want to talk to each other, and gives them a switched connection. Besides, a switch also helps to prevent data collisions and reduces network congestion, increasing network performance.

Router

It is a device that connects any number of LANs. It uses standardized protocols to move packets efficiently to their destination. Its main function is to forward data depending on the Network address (IP), not the Hardware (MAC) address. Routers are the only devices that allow you to share a single IP address among multiple network clients

Types of network

One way to categorize the different types of computer network designs is by their scope or scale. It can also be characterized by its physical capacity or its organizational purpose. Use of the network, including user authorization and access rights, differ accordingly. They are: LAN, PAN, MAN, WAN and CAN.

LAN

The local area network (LAN) is a network, which is designed to operate over a small physical area such as an office, factory or a group of buildings. It is usually privately owned and links the devices in a single office, building or campus of upto a few kilometres in size, LAN is widely used to allow resources to be shared between personal computers or workstations. The resources to be shared can be hardware like a printer or software or data. LANs are very widely used in a variety of applications. A common example of a LAN found in many business organizations, links a work group of task related computers, e.g. accounting and finance PCs, administrative PCs or engineering workstations.

PAN

A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among computer devices, including telephones mobile phones and personal digital assistants, in proximity to an individual's body. In other words, it can be defined as a network that is used for communicating among computers and computer devices (including telephones) in close proximity of around a few meters within a room. PAN can be used for communicating between the devices themselves, or for connecting to a larger network such as the internet. PAN can be constructed with cables or be wireless. USB are firewire technologies link together a wired PAN, while wireless PAN uses Bluetooth or infrared connections.

MAN

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network in which two or more computers or communicating devices or networks that are geographically separated but in same metropolitan city are connected to each other. A MAN is set up for a larger geographical area than a LAN, ranging from several blocks of buildings to entire cities. A MAN might be owned and operated by a single organization, but would be used by many individuals and organizations. This network often acts as a high-speed network to allow sharing of regional resources.

WAN

WAN stands for Wide Area Network. As the name suggests, WAN covers a large geographic area such as country, continent or even whole of the world. A WAN is two or more LANs connected together. Multiple LANs can be connected together using devices such as bridges, routers, or gateways, which enable them to share data. WAN is more suitable for transfer of data from one use to the other which is not a time critical application as large distances involves the propagation delay and problems with variable signal travel times. An airline reservation system is an example of WAN.

CAN

A campus area network, corporate area network or CAN is a computer network made up of an interconnection of local area networks (LANs) within a limited geographical area. CAN is usually established in university campus to establish a connection among different computer labs, library, registration office and different academic units. It is smaller than MAN.

What is Protocol?

A protocol is a system of rules that define how data is transmitted over network. In computer terminology, a protocol is usually an agreed-upon or standardized method for transmitting data and/or establishing communications between different devices. Protocols are established by international or industry wide organizations. Perhaps the most important computer protocol is OSI (Open Systems Interconnection), a set of guidelines for implementing networking communications between computers.

Internet protocol (IP)

The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network-layer (Layer 3) protocol that contains addressing information and some control information that enables packets to be routed. IP represents the heart of the Internet protocols. IP has two primary responsibilities: providing connectionless, best-effort delivery of datagrams through an internetwork; and providing fragmentation and reassembly of datagrams to support data links with different maximum-transmission unit (MTU) sizes.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

The TCP provides reliable transmission of data in an IP environment. TCP offers reliability by providing connection-oriented, end-to-end reliable packet delivery through an internetwork. TCP offers efficient flow control, which means that, when sending acknowledgments back to the source, the receiving TCP process indicates the highest sequence number it can receive without overflowing its internal buffers.

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

HTTP is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that controls how web servers and Web browsers communicate with each other. HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. HTTP is called a stateless protocol because each command is executed independently, without any knowledge of the commands that came before it. This is the main reason that it is difficult to implement Web sites that react intelligently to user input.

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What is Computer System

2020-07-10T17:28:00.007+05:30

Computer System

All the components together combine to form a computer system (A Computer system is a machine that is designed to follow a set of instructions known as a program, to give the desired result known as output, Let us know how a computer works in brief.

There are three stages to computer process: input, processing and output. Input requires specific devices, such as the mouse and keyboard which enable you to tell the computer to do something. This can range from opening a program to display the word that you typed.

The operating system (OS) provides the interface and the tools so that a microprocessor and other components can carry out your request. The image on your screen or sound from the speakers tells you that the computer has processed your command and has given you a result. This process requires the interaction of many components of hardware and multiple softwares.

The four main components of computer are: Input devices, Output devices, Processing devices and Storage devices.

Input devices

Let us know some of the modern input devices.

Drawing Tablet

A graphics tablet or digitizer is a computer input device that enables a user to hand-draw images and graphics, similar to the way a person draws images with a pencil and paper. These tablets may also be used to capture data or handwritten signatures. It can also be used to trace an image from a piece of paper which is taped or otherwise secured to the surface.

Touch screen

A touch screen is a computer display screen that is also an input device. The screens are sensitive to pressure; a user interacts with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen. Touch screens are commonly used in ATMs and tablet PCs.

MICR (Magnetic ink character recognition)

Magnetic ink character recognition, or MICR, is an input device which is primarily used by the banking industry to facilitate the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents. It is located at the bottom of a cheque.

Output devices

An output device is used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by CPU of your computer system which converts the electronically generated information into hard copy.

Dot Matrix Printer

Dot matrix printing or impact matrix printing is a type of computer printing which uses a print head that runs back and forth, or in an up and down motion, on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper, much like the print mechanism on a typewriter.

Inkjet Printer

Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that creates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink onto paper. Inkjet printers are the most commonly used type of printer and range from small inexpensive consumer models to very large and expensive professional machines.

Laser printer

It is a type of printer that utilizes a laser beam to produce an image on a drum. The light of the laser alters the electrical charge on the drum wherever it hits. The drum is then rolled through a reservoir of toner, which is picked up by the charged portions of the drum. Finally, the toner is transferred to the paper through a combination of heat and pressure. This is also the way copy machines work.

Processing devices

As learnt earlier, the processing unit is the brain of the computer. Processing unit is commonly known as Central Processing Unit (CPU). This unit carries and performs all the calculations and operations that a computer system is subjected to. A CPU is further divided into three parts. Each part is allocated and designed to perform a specific kind of function. The parts are as following:

ALU

ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic unit. As the name suggests, this unit of CPU is responsible for all the arithmetic and logical operations given to the computer such as addition and multiplication, and all comparison operations. ALUs are designed to perform integer calculations. Therefore, besides adding and subtracting numbers, ALUs often handle the multiplication of two integers, since the result is also an integer. While the ALU is a fundamental component of all processors, the design and function of an ALU may vary between different processor models. For example, some ALUs only perform integer calculations, while others are designed to handle floating-point operations as well.

CU

CU stands for Control Unit. Justifying the name, CU works to coordinate all the other functions of the computer. In other words, a control unit is circuitry that directs operations within the computer's processor by directing the input and output of a computer system. The processor then controls how the rest of the computer operates (giving directions to the other parts and systems). A control unit works by gathering input through a series of commands it receives from instructions in a running program and then outputs those commands into control signals that the computer and other hardware attached to the computer carry out.

MU

MU stands for Memory Unit and forms an important component of CPU. As the name suggests, this unit is responsible to retain the memory of the computer. MU is responsible to hold, receive, and deliver data that is given to the computer.

Storage devices

Storage devices can be divided in two parts:

• Internal memory: It means inside the computer like the hard drive and RAM..

• External memory: It means removable media like CDs/DVDs, external hard drives and pen drives which are outside the computer.

Internal I memory means memory of computer. Let us enhance our knowledge about the memory of the computer.

Computer Memory

A computer is usually an electrical device, which understands only electricity on and electricity off. This is expressed by using two symbols i.e. O and 1 which are called binary digits or bits.

The Binary System

The binary numbering system is used in the computer to express numeric values in mathematical operations.

Despite having memory, a computer memory is different from that of a human. A computer stores data in form of “0” and “1”. The memory is incompetent to understand any other data beyond 1 and 0. These are known as binary numbers. Therefore, no matter what information or data you are giving to the computer, irrespective of the language, subject, font, style, the computer converts the data in 1 and 0. Following the conversion, the data stored at various storing devices and places.

Bit

It is smallest data storage unit. Like a light weight object is expressed in grams and heavy weights in kilograms, the smallest memory unit in computers is expressed in bit. It is a single digit in a binary number (0 or 1)

In other words, a bit is the smallest unit of data transfer on a computer network. Bits represent the two binary values “on” or “off” Bits are often stored on computers as the digital numbers 'l' and 'O; but in networking, bits can also be “encoded” by electrical signals and pulses of light.

Byte

A byte is a unit of data that is eight binary digits long. A byte is the unit most computers use to represent a character such as a letter, number, or typographic symbol. A byte can also hold a string of bits that need to be used in some larger unit for application purposes.

Primary memory

Primary memory is the main memory of the computer. However, the data stored in primary memory is for a short period of time. Primary memory retain the data only till the computer system is on. Once the system is shut down or restarted, the data stored in the primary memory gets lost. Primary memory can be further divided into two parts:

RAM

RAM stands for Random Access Memory RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as printers. A computer's RAM is the memory used to store data and programs on a temporary basis. The RAM is a short-term memory and stores input data, results, programs, applications and information that is actively used while the system is on. It can be read and written. It is a volatile memory that means all data will be lost when the power is turned off.

ROM

ROM stands for Read Only Memory. It is the permanent memory that is used to store important control programs and system software to perform a variety of functions such as booting up or starting a program. ROM is non-volatile, it means the contents are not lost when the power is switched off.

Secondary Memory

Secondary memory (or secondary storage) is the slowest and cheapest form of memory. It cannot be processed directly by the CPU It must first be copied into RAM. Secondary memory devices include magnetic disks like hard drives and floppy disks ; optical disks such as CDs and CD ROMs; and magnetic tapes, which were the first forms of secondary memory.

Measuring Memory

The computer has a unit of measurement to calculate its storage capacity. The memory of a computer is measured in terms of bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes. Lets us understand them with the help of following table.

Unit of Measurement	Equal to	Symbol
1 Byte	8 Bits	B
1 Kilobyte	1024 Bytes	KB
1 Megabyte	1024 Kilobytes	MB
1 Gigabyte	1024 Megabytes	GB
1 Terabyte	1024 Gigabytes	TB

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What is Computer Virus

2020-07-08T22:48:00.008+05:30

This Article Includes

What is Computer Virus?
   How It Spreads?
   Impact of Virus on Computers
   Types of computer viruses
   Prevention Against Viruses
   Protection against virus
What is Antivirus

What is Computer Virus?

Computer viruses are small software programs that are designed to spread from one computer to another and to interfere with computer operation.

By definition, a virus program is able to replicate itself. This means that the virus multiplies on a computer by making copies of itself.

How It Spreads?

Computer viruses are often spread by attachments in email messages or instant messaging messages. That is why it is essential that you never open email attachments unless you know who it is from and you are expecting it.

Viruses can be spread as attachments of funny images, greeting cards, or audio and video files.

Computer viruses also spread through downloads from the Internet. They can be hidden in illicit software or other files or programs you might download,

Impact of Virus on Computers

A computer virus might corrupt or delete data on your computer. It can use your email program to spread itself to other computers, or even erase everything on your hard disk.

Viruses commonly have the following effects on computers:

• Destruction/theft of data, and malicious access to the computer resources.

• Computers become slow while working.

• Unusual messages are displayed.

• It hangs the system frequently.

• Deletes and damages the files in the system.

• Prevents software to run.

Types of computer viruses

Bootsector Virus

A virus that affects the boot sector area of hard disk. This virus is normally spread by floppy disks. It becomes active at the time of booting the system.

Macro Virus

Macro viruses are viruses that use another application's macro programming language to distribute themselves. They infect documents such as MS Word or MS Excel and are typically spread to other similar documents.

Memory Resident Viruses

Memory Resident Viruses reside in a computers volatile memory (RAM). They are initiated from a virus which runs on the computer and they stay in memory after it's initiating program closes.

Trojan Horse

A Trojan horse program has the appearance of having a useful and desired function. It neither replicates nor copies itself. It can spread only when it is copied to another system. The malicious functionality of a Trojan Horse may be anything undesirable for a computer user, including data destruction or compromising a system by providing a means for another computer to gain access.

Worms

A worm is a malicious program that duplicates itself. They fill up the disks space and make your computer slow.

E-mail Viruses

These viruses are spread through e-mail attachments. Attachments can have funny images, greeting cards, or audio and video files.

Logic Bombs/Time Bombs

These viruses are programmed to initiate at a specific date or when a specific event occurs. Some examples are a virus which deletes your photos on Halloween, or a virus which deletes a database table if a certain employee gets fired.

Spyware

It is a software when installed on computer, collects various personal information about the users without their knowledge such as e-mail addresses, passwords, netbanking and even credit card numbers and transmit the information to someone else.

Prevention Against Viruses

To prevent virus attack one should follow the few tips:

• Always scan the pen drive before copying files.

• Don't install pirated software.

• Take backup of the important data every day/every week.

• Don't open any unknown e-mail attachments.

• Scan your computer on specific intervals.

Protection Against Viruses

To help avoid computer viruses, it's essential that you keep your computer updated with antivirus tools, stay informed about recent threats.

Once a virus is on your computer, it is important to remove it and prevent further infection.

What is Antivirus?

Antivirus software is a computer program that detects, prevents, and takes action to disarm or remove viruses and worms. You can help protect your computer against viruses by using antivirus software.

Some of the popular antivirus softwares are:

Norton Antivirus, AVG Antivirus, Quick heal Antivirus

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3,800 Posts - Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) - Last Date 21 July

2020-07-05T12:47:00.005+05:30

Institute of Banking Personnel Selection(IBPS) (Govt Jobs) invites application for the posts of Assistant Manager (Officer (Scale-I)) for Vacancy 2020 - interested Candidates can apply in All India, Recruitment is open.

Follow this Blog Post for Vacancy Detail, Age Limit, Selection Process, Qualification and eligibility criteria and Last Date is 21 July 2020.

Institute of Banking Personnel Selection(IBPS)
Post Name:	Assistant Manager (Officer (Scale-I))
Applying Mode:	Online
No. of Vacancy:	3800
Starting Date For Registration:	01 July 2020
Last Date for Submission of Online Application:	21 July 2020
Last Date for Payment of Application fee	21 July 2020
Last date for Printing your application	05/08/2020
Online Fee Payment	01/07/2020 to 21/07/2020
Download of call letters for online examination - Preliminary	August 2020
Date of Online Examination – Preliminary	September/October 2020
Result of Online exam – Preliminary	October 2020
Download of Call letter for Online exam – Main / Single	October/November 2020
Online Examination – Main / Single	October/November 2020
Official Website:	http://www.ibps.in

Qualification Details: For Officer (Scale-I)

· Assistant Manager: Bachelor’s degree in any discipline from a recognized University or its equivalent.
· Proficiency in local language as prescribed by the participating RRB/s*
· Working knowledge of Computer.

Required Age Limit:

· For Officer Scale- I (Assistant Manager)- Above 18 years - Below 30 years i.e. candidates should not have been born earlier than 03.07.1990 and later than 30.06.2002 (both dates inclusive)

(Age Calculate on 01/07/2020)

Salary Package: 14500 - 25700/- (per month)

Application Fee:

Gen/OBC/EWS Candidates: Rs.850/-
SC/ST/PWD Candidates: Rs. 175/-

(Pay Examination Fee through Debit Cards (RuPay/ Visa/ MasterCard/ Maestro), Credit Cards, Internet Banking, IMPS, Cash Cards/ Mobile Wallets)

(Before Applying, Candidates are advised to go through official Notification very carefully.)

Notification Link: Click Here

Apply Online: Click Here

Government Bans 59 mobile apps including TikTok, WeChat, Helo, UC Browser

2020-06-29T22:59:00.008+05:30

The government has banned 59 Chinese app including top social media app such as TikTok, Helo and WeChat in order to counter the privacy security posed by these applications.

ShareIT, UC browser and Clubfactory are among the other prominent apps which have been banned. The government has argued that the applications are engaged in activities which are prejudicial to sovereignty and integrity of India, defence of India, security of state and public order.

A top official said that the government has considered all the aspects before taking the decision. “These apps have been there for a long time, and there are some privacy and security issues with them including risks of data going out of the country,” said the person who did not wish to be identified.

The statement from the ministry of electronics and IT (MEITY) said that it has received many complaints from various sources including several reports about misuse of some mobile apps available on Android and iOS platforms for stealing and surreptitiously transmitting users’ data in an unauthorized manner to servers which have locations outside India.

The Ministry of Information Technology, invoking it’s power under section 69A of the Information Technology Act read with the relevant provisions of the Information Technology (Procedure and Safeguards for Blocking of Access of Information by Public) Rules 2009 and in view of the emergent nature of threats has decided to block 59 apps, since in view of information available they are engaged in activities which is prejudicial to sovereignty and integrity of India, defence of India, security of state and public order.

Here's the complete list of the apps banned:

Source : Click here

3,262 Posts - Indian Postal Circle GDS Recruitment - Last Date 21 July

2020-06-27T17:02:00.008+05:30

Indian Postal Circle - GDS (Govt Jobs) invites application for the 3262 posts of Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS) for Vacancy form 10^thpassed Candidates (2020) - interested Candidates can apply in Rajasthan State, Recruitment is open (Advt. No. RECTT/1-41/GDS/2019/CH. III).

Follow this Article for Vacancy Detail, Age Limit, Pay Scale, Salary, Qualification and eligibility criteria and Last Date is 21 July 2020.

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Indian Postal Circle - GDS (Govt Jobs)
Location:	Rajasthan
Post Name:	Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS)
Applying Mode:	Online
No. of Vacancy:	3262 Post
Starting Date For Registration:	22 June 2020
Last Date for Submission of Online Application:	21 July 2020
Official Website:	http://www.appost.in

Qualification Details: 10^thClass Passed with passing marks in Mathematics, Local Language and English.

Required Age Limit:

18 to 40 years.

(Age Calculate on 22/06/2020)

Salary Package: 10000/- (per month)

Application Fee:

Gen/OBC/EWS Male Candidates: Rs.100/-
All Female and SC/ST Candidates: No Fee

(Pay Examination fee through any Head Post Office or Credit/Debit cards and Net Banking)

How to apply:- Only online application will be accepted from the candidate. Candidate who desires to apply online will have to register himself / herself in the portal through https://indiapost.gov.in or https://appost.in/gdsonline with effect from 22.06.2020 to 21.07.2020 with the following basic details to obtain the Registration Number:-

i) Name (In capital letter as per X class certificate Marks Memo including spaces)

ii) Father Name

iii) Mobile Number (Unique for one Registration number)

iv) Date of Birth

v) Gender

vi) Community

vii) PH – Type of Disability – (HH/OH/VH)- Percentage of disability

viii) State in which Xth class passed

ix) Board in which Xth class passed

x) Year of Passing Xth class

xi) Xth Class Certificate Number / Roll Number (optional)

xii) Transgender certificate issued by Dist rict. megistrate as per THE TRANSGENDER PERSONS (PROTECTION OF RIGHTS) ACT,2019.

· Queries of candidates related to notification may be given to: personal.rj@indiapost.gov.in
· Help line number: 0141-2368013

(Before Applying, Candidates are advised to go through official Notification very carefully.)

Notification Link: Click Here

Apply Online: Click Here

Amazon River and Its Origin

2020-06-22T23:07:00.001+05:30

The Amazon River in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and by most accepted definitions it is the second longest river in the world, after the Nile River.

The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon's most distant source, until a 2014 study found it to be the headwaters of the Mantaro River on the Cordillera Rumi Cruz in Peru. The Mantaro and Apurímac join, and with other tributaries form the Ucayali River, which in turn meets the Marañón River upstream of Iquitos, Peru, to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon. Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters (Portuguese: Encontro das Águas) at Manaus, the largest city on the river.

At an average discharge of about 209,000 cubic metres per second—approximately 6,591 cubic kilometres per annum, greater than the next seven largest independent rivers combined—the Amazon represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean. The Amazon basin is the largest drainage basin in the world, with an area of approximately 7,050,000 square kilometres (2,720,000 sq mi). The portion of the river's drainage basin in Brazil alone is larger than any other river's basin. The Amazon enters Brazil with only one-fifth of the flow it finally discharges into the Atlantic Ocean, yet already has a greater flow at this point than the discharge of any other river.

Origin of the name

The Amazon was initially known by Europeans as the Maranon, and the Peruvian part of the river is still known by that name today. It later became known as Rio Amazonas in Spanish and Portuguese, and Amazon River in English.

The name Rio Amazonas was given after native warriors attacked a 16th-century expedition by Francisco de Orellana. The warriors were led by women, reminding de Orellana of the Amazon warriors, a tribe of women warriors related to Iranian Scythians and Sarmatians mentioned in Greek mythology.

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The Shaking Minars (Towers)

2020-06-22T17:22:00.001+05:30

These structures, characterstic of Muslim Architecture, are found in Gujarat. These Minars or towers built in the Sultanat Era are a unique attraction of Ahmadabad. There are two pairs -(four minars in all) of minars in the city. The two minars built in the Sidi Bashir's mosque situated in Sarangpur near the railway station and the two built in the Bibiji's mosque in Gomtipur are 'shaking towers'. The minars the mosque at Gomtipur are in a delapidated state today.

The Minars in Sidi Bashir's Mosque in Sarangpur were built during the reign of Ahmedshah. They were built by the famous Irani (Persian) architect named Sidi Bashir. These minars are a beautiful blend of art and cleverness. The mosque is a beautiful structure. As you enter the gate you find the two minars on the two sides. They are decorated with artistic engravings done in the Islamic style. There is a circular staircase inside each of the two minars. They lead us to the upper storeys. There are beautifully carved balconies on each storey. In the arches supporting these balconies we can observe fine engravings. We can thus climb upto the third storey. When you shake either of the minars from the balcony of an upper storey, the opposite minar also begins to shake. We wonder at this relationship between dead stones. It is only here that a structure in stone is seen to be shaking in this way.

No one has been so far been able to unravel the mystery of the shaking minars even in this age of science. These shaking towers of Ahmadabad are specimens of the mysterious art of architecture are a unique achievement of Islamic Architecture.

International Day of Yoga

2020-06-21T21:23:00.003+05:30

The International Day of Yoga has been celebrated annually on 21 June since 2015, following its inception in the United Nations General Assembly in 2014. Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice which originated in India. The Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, in his UN address suggested the date of 21 June, as it is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere and shares a special significance in many parts of the world.

Formation

The idea of an International Day of Yoga was first proposed by the current Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, during his speech at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), on 27 September 2014.

Yoga is an invaluable gift of India's ancient tradition. It embodies unity of mind and body; thought and action; restraint and fulfillment; harmony between man and nature; a holistic approach to health and well-being. It is not about exercise but to discover the sense of oneness with yourself, the world and the nature. By changing our lifestyle and creating consciousness, it can help in well being. Let us work towards adopting an International Yoga Day. — Narendra Modi, UN General Assembly

United Nations Declaration

On 11 December 2014, India's Permanent Representative Asoke Mukherji introduced the draft resolution in the United Nations General Assembly. The draft text received broad support from 177 Member States who sponsored the text, which was adopted without a vote. This initiative found support from many global leaders. A total of 177 nations co-sponsored the resolution, which is the highest number of co-sponsors ever for any UNGA resolution of such nature.

When proposing 21 June as the date, Modi said that the date was the longest day of the year in the mass northern hemisphere (shortest in the southern hemisphere), having special significance in many parts of the world. From the perspective of yoga, the summer solstice marks the transition to Dakshinayana. The second full moon after summer solstice is known as Guru Poornima. Shiva, the first yogi (Adi Yogi), is said to have begun imparting the knowledge of yoga to the rest of mankind on this day, and became the first guru (Adi Guru).