<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if lt IE 7]>     <html class="no-js ie lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"  lang="en"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 7]>        <html class="no-js ie lt-ie9 lt-ie8"  lang="en"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 8]>        <html class="no-js ie lt-ie9"  lang="en"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 9]>        <html class="no-js ie ie9"  lang="en"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 9]><!--><html class="no-js"  lang="en"><!--<![endif]-->
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8" />
	<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:[]},session_trace:{sampling_rate:0.0,mode:"FIXED_RATE",enabled:true,error_sampling_rate:0.0},feature_flags:["soft_nav"],performance:{capture_marks:false,capture_detail:false,capture_measures:true},browser_consent_mode:{enabled:false},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"7212556",accountID:"637623",trustKey:"637623",xpid:"UgUAV1RQGwQCVVNXAwY=",licenseKey:"b19c58809e",applicationID:"7212547",browserID:"7212556"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.314.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */
(()=>{var e,t,r={384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>a,Zm:()=>c,bQ:()=>u,dV:()=>d,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863),s=r(944),o=r(1910);const a={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function c(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function d(){let e=c();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate||n.gm.setInterval,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket},(0,o.i)(...Object.values(e.o))),e}function u(e,t){let r=c();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t,2===Object.keys(r.initializedAgents).length&&(0,s.R)(69)}function l(){return function(){let e=c();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:a.beacon,errorBeacon:a.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=c();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),d(),function(){let e=c();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),c()}},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>c,P3:()=>d,XX:()=>i,Yy:()=>a,df:()=>s,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>o});const n="events",i="jserrors",s="browser/blobs",o="rum",a="browser/logs",c={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations"},d={[c.pageViewEvent]:1,[c.pageViewTiming]:2,[c.metrics]:3,[c.jserrors]:4,[c.softNav]:5,[c.ajax]:6,[c.sessionTrace]:7,[c.sessionReplay]:8,[c.logging]:9,[c.genericEvents]:10},u={[c.pageViewEvent]:o,[c.pageViewTiming]:n,[c.ajax]:n,[c.softNav]:n,[c.metrics]:i,[c.jserrors]:i,[c.sessionTrace]:s,[c.sessionReplay]:s,[c.logging]:a,[c.genericEvents]:"ins"}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>i});var n=r(3241);function i(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&(console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t),(0,n.W)({drained:null,type:"data",name:"warn",feature:"warn",data:{code:e,secondary:t}}))}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>s,ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},s={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>a,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>c});var n=r(3241),i=r(3606),s=r(860),o=r(2646);function a(e,t){if(!e)return;const r={staged:!1,priority:s.P3[t]||0};e.runtime.drainRegistry.get(t)||e.runtime.drainRegistry.set(t,r)}function c(e,t){if(!e)return;const r=e.runtime.drainRegistry;r&&(r.get(t)&&r.delete(t),l(e,t,!1),r.size&&u(e))}function d(e,t="feature",r=!1){if(e){if(!e.runtime.drainRegistry.get(t)||r)return l(e,t);e.runtime.drainRegistry.get(t).staged=!0,u(e)}}function u(e){if(!e)return;const t=Array.from(e.runtime.drainRegistry);t.every(([e,t])=>t.staged)&&(t.sort((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority),t.forEach(([t])=>{e.runtime.drainRegistry.delete(t),l(e,t)}))}function l(e,t,r=!0){if(!e)return;const s=e.ee,a=i.i.handlers;if(s&&!s.aborted&&s.backlog&&a){if((0,n.W)({type:"lifecycle",name:"drain",feature:t}),r){const e=s.backlog[t],r=a[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)f(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach(([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach(t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0].context()instanceof o.y&&!t[0].listeners(e).includes(t[1])&&t[0].on(e,t[1])})})}}s.isolatedBacklog||delete a[t],s.backlog[t]=null,s.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function f(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach(t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],s=e[2];n.apply(i,s)}})}},1738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{U:()=>f,Y:()=>l});var n=r(3241),i=r(9908),s=r(1863),o=r(944),a=r(3969),c=r(8362),d=r(860),u=r(4261);function l(e,t,r,s){const l=s||r;!l||l[e]&&l[e]!==c.d.prototype[e]||(l[e]=function(){(0,i.p)(a.xV,["API/"+e+"/called"],void 0,d.K7.metrics,r.ee),(0,n.W)({drained:!!r.runtime?.activatedFeatures,type:"data",name:"api",feature:u.Pl+e,data:{}});try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){(0,o.R)(23,e)}})}function f(e,t,r,n,o){const a=e.info;null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:a.jsAttributes[t]=r,(o||null===r)&&(0,i.p)(u.Pl+n,[(0,s.t)(),t,r],void 0,"session",e.ee)}},1741:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>s});var n=r(944),i=r(4261);class s{#e(e,...t){if(this[e]!==s.prototype[e])return this[e](...t);(0,n.R)(35,e)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e(i.hG,e,t)}register(e){return this.#e(i.eY,e)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e(i.fF,e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e(i.Fw,e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e(i.cD,e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e(i.o5,e,t)}setUserId(e,t=!1){return this.#e(i.Dl,e,t)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e(i.nb,e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e(i.bt,e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e(i.k6,e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e(i.$9,e,t)}start(){return this.#e(i.d3)}finished(e){return this.#e(i.BL,e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(i.CH)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(i.Tb)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e(i.U2,e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e(i.PA,e)}interaction(e){return this.#e(i.dT,e)}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e(i.Wb,e,t,r)}measure(e,t){return this.#e(i.V1,e,t)}consent(e){return this.#e(i.Pv,e)}}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},1910:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>s});var n=r(944);const i=new Map;function s(...e){return e.every(e=>{if(i.has(e))return i.get(e);const t="function"==typeof e?e.toString():"",r=t.includes("[native code]"),s=t.includes("nrWrapper");return r||s||(0,n.R)(64,e?.name||t),i.set(e,r),r})}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>a,f:()=>o});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const s={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0};function o(e){try{return!!e.licenseKey&&!!e.errorBeacon&&!!e.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}const a=e=>(0,i.a)(e,s)},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>o,H3:()=>n,g:()=>d,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>a,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>s});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",s=144e5,o=18e5,a={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},d={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G:()=>s,u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)},r,i)}function s(e,t,r){(0,n.sp)("pagehide",e,t,r)}},3241:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>s});var n=r(6154);const i="newrelic";function s(e={}){try{n.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(i,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>s});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function s(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Xh:()=>c,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>d,mq:()=>a,nf:()=>o,qN:()=>s});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],s=["focus","blur"],o=4,a=1e3,c=2e3,d=["PageAction","UserAction","BrowserPerformance"],u={RESOURCES:"experimental.resources",REGISTER:"register"}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607),s=r(5732);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W),a=50;var c=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,d=!1;function u(e,t,r){return e||(e=n.ee),i.inPlace=function(e,t,r,n,s,o){r||(r="");const a="-"===r.charAt(0);for(let c=0;c<t.length;c++){const d=t[c],u=e[d];f(u)||(e[d]=i(u,a?d+r:r,n,d,s,o))}},i.flag=o,i;function i(t,n,i,d,h,p){return f(t)?t:(n||(n=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach(function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})}),t}catch(e){l([e],r)}for(var n in e)c.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,c,f,g;let m,v;try{c=this,o=[...arguments],v=p?(0,s.$5)(r):[void 0],f="function"==typeof i?i(o,c):i||{}}catch(t){l([t,"",[o,c,d],f],e)}u(n+"start",[o,c,d,v],f,h);const y=performance.now();let b;try{return g=t.apply(c,o),b=performance.now(),g}catch(e){throw b=performance.now(),u(n+"err",[o,c,e,v],f,h),m=e,m}finally{const e=b-y,t={start:y,end:b,duration:e,isLongTask:e>=a,methodName:d,thrownError:m};t.isLongTask&&u("long-task",[t,c,v],f,h),u(n+"end",[o,c,g,v],f,h)}}}function u(r,n,i,s){if(!d||t){var o=d;d=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,s)}catch(t){l([t,r,n,i],e)}d=o}}}function l(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function f(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>s});var n=r(9908);s.on=o;var i=s.handlers={};function s(e,t,r,s){o(s||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function o(e,t,r,i,s){s||(s="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var o=t[s]=t[s]||{};(o[r]=o[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>a,Lc:()=>d,Rz:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>s,d3:()=>o,jx:()=>l,sl:()=>f,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",s="resource",o="-start",a="-end",c="fn"+o,d="fn"+a,u="pushState",l=1e3,f=3e4},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>d});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),s=r(860),o=r(3969),a=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=a.p_.INFO,d=!0,u,l=(0,i.t)()){(0,n.p)(o.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,s.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(a.ET,[l,t,r,c,d,u],void 0,s.K7.logging,e)}function d(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(a.p_).some(t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim())}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function s(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>s,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>l,OV:()=>s,Qu:()=>f,TZ:()=>c,ih:()=>h,pP:()=>a,t1:()=>u,tC:()=>i,wD:()=>d});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],s="popstate",o="api",a="initialPageLoad",c=n.K7.softNav,d=5e3,u=500,l={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},f={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},h={IP:"in progress",PF:"pending finish",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>a,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>o,z_:()=>s});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",s="cm",o="storeSupportabilityMetrics",a="storeEventMetrics"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>i});var n=r(1687);class i{constructor(e,t){this.agentRef=e,this.ee=e?.ee,this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,n.x3)(this.agentRef,this.featureName)}}},4261:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$9:()=>u,BL:()=>c,CH:()=>p,Dl:()=>R,Fw:()=>w,PA:()=>v,Pl:()=>n,Pv:()=>x,Tb:()=>f,U2:()=>o,V1:()=>A,Wb:()=>T,bt:()=>b,cD:()=>y,d3:()=>E,dT:()=>d,eY:()=>g,fF:()=>h,hG:()=>s,hw:()=>i,k6:()=>a,nb:()=>m,o5:()=>l});const n="api-",i=n+"ixn-",s="addPageAction",o="addToTrace",a="addRelease",c="finished",d="interaction",u="log",l="noticeError",f="pauseReplay",h="recordCustomEvent",p="recordReplay",g="register",m="setApplicationVersion",v="setCurrentRouteName",y="setCustomAttribute",b="setErrorHandler",w="setPageViewName",R="setUserId",E="start",T="wrapLogger",A="measure",x="consent"},5205:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>x});var n=r(384),i=r(1741);var s=r(2555),o=r(3333);const a=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(2614),d=r(944),u=r(8122);const l="[data-nr-mask]",f=e=>(0,u.a)(e,(()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{register:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},api:{register:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o.$v.REGISTER)||e.experimental.register},set enabled(t){e.experimental.register=t},duplicate_data_to_container:!1}},browser_consent_mode:{enabled:!1},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1,capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){a(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(l):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=l:(0,d.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){a(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,d.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,d.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}})());var h=r(6154),p=r(9324);let g=0;const m={buildEnv:p.F3,distMethod:p.Xs,version:p.xv,originTime:h.WN},v={consented:!1},y={activatedFeatures:void 0,appMetadata:{},configured:!1,get consented(){return this.session?.state?.consent||v.consented},set consented(e){v.consented=e},customTransaction:void 0,denyList:[],disabled:!1,drainRegistry:new Map,harvester:void 0,isolatedBacklog:!1,isRecording:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,obfuscator:void 0,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},session:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,registeredEntities:[],jsAttributesMetadata:{bytes:0},get harvestCount(){return++g}},b=e=>{const t=(0,u.a)(e,y),r=Object.keys(m).reduce((e,t)=>(e[t]={value:m[t],writable:!1,configurable:!0,enumerable:!0},e),{});return Object.defineProperties(t,r)},w=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};var R=r(7836),E=r(3241);const T={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},A=e=>(0,u.a)(e,T);function x(e,t={},r,o){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:d,runtime:u={},exposed:l=!0}=t;if(!c){const e=(0,n.pV)();a=e.init,c=e.info,d=e.loader_config}e.init=f(a||{}),e.loader_config=A(d||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},h.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),e.info=(0,s.D)(c);const p=e.init;e.runtime??=b(u),p.proxy.assets&&w(p.proxy.assets),e.runtime.configured||(Object.defineProperty(e,"beacons",{get:()=>[e.info.beacon,e.info.errorBeacon,e.init.proxy.assets,e.init.proxy.beacon].filter(Boolean)}),Object.defineProperty(e.runtime,"denyList",{get:()=>[...e.init.ajax.deny_list||[],...e.init.ajax.block_internal?e.beacons:[]]}),e.runtime.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,function(e){const t=(0,n.pV)();Object.getOwnPropertyNames(i.W.prototype).forEach(r=>{const n=i.W.prototype[r];if("function"!=typeof n||"constructor"===n)return;let s=t[r];e[r]&&!1!==e.exposed&&"micro-agent"!==e.runtime?.loaderType&&(t[r]=(...t)=>{const n=e[r](...t);return s?s(...t):n})})}(e),e.runtime.loaderType=r,e.ee=R.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),e.exposed=l,(0,E.W)({drained:!!e.runtime.activatedFeatures,type:"lifecycle",name:"initialize",feature:void 0,data:e.config}),e.runtime.configured=!0)}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>o,SR:()=>s,rF:()=>a});var n=r(384),i=r(7767);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,i.V)(e)&&!0===e?.session_trace.enabled}function o(e){return!0===e?.session_replay.preload&&s(e)}function a(e,t){try{if("string"==typeof t?.type){if("password"===t.type.toLowerCase())return"*".repeat(e?.length||0);if(void 0!==t?.dataset?.nrUnmask||t?.classList?.contains("nr-unmask"))return e}}catch(e){}return"string"==typeof e?e.replace(/[\S]/g,"*"):"*".repeat(e?.length||0)}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,Qr:()=>c,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878),i=r(6389);function s(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(s())return e();const r=(0,i.J)(e),o=setInterval(()=>{s()&&(clearInterval(o),r())},500);(0,n.sp)("load",r,t)}function a(e){if(s())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}function c(e){if(s())return e();(0,n.sp)("popstate",e)}},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},5732:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$5:()=>u,B5:()=>d,Ms:()=>s,Ux:()=>a,YA:()=>c,fQ:()=>i,yx:()=>o});var n=r(7508);const i={MFE:"MFE",BA:"BA"};function s(e,t){if(!e||!t?.init.api.register.enabled)return[];const r=t.runtime.registeredEntities;return r?.filter(t=>String(t.metadata.target.id)===String(e)).map(e=>e.metadata.target)||[]}function o(e,t){if(!e||!t?.init.api.register.enabled)return[];const r=t.runtime.registeredEntities;return r?.filter(t=>t.metadata.timings?.asset?.endsWith(e)).map(e=>e.metadata.target)||[]}function a(e,t){if(!l(t))return{};const r=t.agentRef.runtime.appMetadata.agents[0].entityGuid;return e?e.attributes:{"entity.guid":r,appId:t.agentRef.info.applicationID}}function c(e,t){return d(e,t)?{"child.id":e.id,"child.type":e.type,...a(void 0,t)}:{}}function d(e,t){return!!e&&!!l(t)&&t.agentRef.init.api.register.duplicate_data_to_container}function u(e){if(!e?.init.api.register.enabled)return[void 0];const t=[];try{var r=(0,n.AZ)((0,n.QL)());let i=r.length-1;for(;r[i];)t.push(...o(r[i--],e))}catch(e){}return t.length||t.push(void 0),t}function l(e){return 2===e?.harvestEndpointVersion}},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>f,bv:()=>s,gm:()=>o,lR:()=>l,m:()=>c,mw:()=>a,sb:()=>u,zk:()=>h});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,s="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),o=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),a=Boolean("hidden"===o?.document?.visibilityState),c=""+o?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(o.navigator?.userAgent),u=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=(()=>{const e=o.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),f=Date.now()-(0,n.t)(),h=()=>{const e=o?.performance?.getEntriesByType?.("navigation")?.[0];if(e&&e.responseStart>0&&e.responseStart<o.performance.now())return e}},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>u,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>o,Vh:()=>s,_s:()=>a,bc:()=>d,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,s="errorDuringReplay",o=.12,a={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},d={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},u=5e3,l={API:"api",RESUME:"resume",SWITCH_TO_FULL:"switchToFull",INITIALIZE:"initialize",PRELOAD:"preload"}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout(()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)},t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout(()=>{e.apply(this,r)},t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>o,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>s});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||s(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;if("*"===n[0].hostname)return!1;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if(r.hostname.test(e.hostname)&&r.pathname.test(e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function s(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function o(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;if("*"===r)return void(n=[{hostname:"*"}]);0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let s,o;i>0?(s=r.substring(0,i),o=r.substring(i)):(s=r,o="*");let[c]=s.split(":");n.push({hostname:a(c),pathname:a(o,!0)})}}function a(e,t=!1){const r=e.replace(/[.+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g,e=>"\\"+e).replace(/\*/g,".*?");return new RegExp((t?"^":"")+r+"$")}},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},7508:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AZ:()=>g,Qr:()=>b,QL:()=>m});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863),s=r(9119),o=r(7866);class a{dom=new c;performance=new c;constructor(e){this.url=e}get script(){const e=Math.max(this.dom.start,this.performance.end);return{start:e,end:Math.max(this.dom.end,this.performance.end,e)}}}class c{start=0;end=0;value=void 0}let d;try{d=g(m())[0]}catch(e){d=g(e)[0]}const u=e=>"script"===e.initiatorType||["link","fetch"].includes(e.initiatorType)&&e.name.endsWith(".js"),l=new Map;let f=[];function h(e){return l.get(e)}function p(e){const t=h(e);if(t)return t;const r=new a(e);if(l.set(e,r),l.size>1e3){const e=l.keys().next().value;l.delete(e)}return r}if(n.gm.MutationObserver&&n.gm.document){new MutationObserver(e=>{e.forEach(e=>{e.addedNodes.forEach(e=>{if("SCRIPT"===e.nodeName&&e.src){const t=p((0,s.L)(e.src));t.dom.start=(0,i.t)(),t.dom.value=e;const r=()=>{t.dom.end=(0,i.t)()};["load","error"].forEach(t=>e.addEventListener(t,r,{once:!0}))}})})}).observe(n.gm.document,{childList:!0,subtree:!0})}if(n.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource")){new PerformanceObserver(e=>{e.getEntries().filter(u).forEach(e=>{const t=p((0,s.L)(e.name));t.performance.start=Math.floor(e.startTime),t.performance.end=Math.floor(e.responseEnd),t.performance.value=e;const r=[];f.forEach(({test:t,addedAt:n},s)=>{(t(e)||(0,i.t)()-n>1e4)&&r.push(s)}),f=f.filter((e,t)=>!r.includes(t))})}).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}function g(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return[];const t=new Set,r=e.split("\n");for(const e of r){const r=e.match(o.cn)||e.match(o.hB)||e.match(o.fL);if(r&&r[2])t.add((0,s.L)(r[2]));else{const r=e.match(/\(([^)]+\.js):\d+:\d+\)/)||e.match(/^\s+at\s+([^\s(]+\.js):\d+:\d+/);r&&r[1]&&t.add((0,s.L)(r[1]))}}return[...t]}function m(){let e;try{const t=Error.stackTraceLimit;Error.stackTraceLimit=50,e=(new Error).stack,Error.stackTraceLimit=t}catch(t){e=(new Error).stack}return e}function v(e,t){return(0,s.L)(e.name)===t}function y(e,t){e.fetchStart=Math.floor(t.startTime),e.fetchEnd=Math.floor(t.responseEnd),e.asset=t.name,e.type=t.initiatorType}function b(){const e={registeredAt:(0,i.t)(),reportedAt:void 0,fetchStart:0,fetchEnd:0,scriptStart:0,scriptEnd:0,asset:void 0,type:"unknown"},t=m();if(!t)return e;const r=n.gm.performance?.getEntriesByType("navigation")?.[0]?.name||"";try{const o=g(t),a=(o.length>1?o.filter(e=>d!==e):o)[0];if(!a)return e;if(r.includes(a))return e.asset=(0,s.L)(r),e.type="inline",e;e.correlation=h(a);const c=e.correlation?.performance.value||performance.getEntriesByType("resource").find(e=>v(e,a));c?y(e,c):function(e){if(!e||!n.gm.document)return!1;try{const t=n.gm.document.querySelectorAll('link[rel="preload"][as="script"]');for(const r of t)if((0,s.L)(r.href)===e)return!0}catch(e){}return!1}(a)&&(e.asset=a,e.type="preload",f.push({addedAt:(0,i.t)(),test:t=>!!v(t,a)&&(y(e,t),!0)})),Object.defineProperty(e,"scriptStart",{get:()=>e.correlation?.script.start||e.fetchEnd}),Object.defineProperty(e,"scriptEnd",{get:()=>e.correlation?.script.end||e.registeredAt})}catch(e){}return e}},7699:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{It:()=>s,KC:()=>a,No:()=>i,qh:()=>o});var n=r(860);const i=16e3,s=1e6,o="SESSION_ERROR",a={[n.K7.logging]:!0,[n.K7.genericEvents]:!0,[n.K7.jserrors]:!0,[n.K7.ajax]:!0}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>i});var n=r(6154);const i=e=>n.RI&&!0===e?.privacy.cookies_enabled},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>a,ee:()=>c});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),s=r(2646),o=r(5607);const a="nr@context:".concat(o.W),c=function e(t,r){var n={},o={},u={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&d.initializedAgents?.[r]?.runtime.isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,s){!1!==s&&(s=!0);if(c.aborted&&!i)return;t&&s&&t.emit(e,r,n);var a=h(n);g(e).forEach(e=>{e.apply(a,r)});var d=v()[o[e]];d&&d.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach(([e,n])=>{o[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])})},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach(e=>{delete f.backlog[e]})},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[o[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof s.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,a,()=>new s.y(a)):new s.y(a)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return u[t]=u[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=c)},7866:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Nc:()=>s,cn:()=>a,fL:()=>i,h3:()=>n,hB:()=>o});const n=/function (.+?)\s*\(/,i=/^\s*at .+ \(eval at \S+ \((?:(?:file|http|https):[^)]+)?\)(?:, [^:]*:\d+:\d+)?\)$/i,s=/^\s*at Function code \(Function code:\d+:\d+\)\s*/i,o=/^\s*at (?:((?:\[object object\])?(?:[^(]*\([^)]*\))*[^()]*(?: \[as \S+\])?) )?\(?((?:file|http|https|chrome-extension):.*?)?:(\d+)(?::(\d+))?\)?\s*$/i,a=/^\s*(?:([^@]*)(?:\(.*?\))?@)?((?:file|http|https|chrome|safari-extension).*?):(\d+)(?::(\d+))?\s*$/i},8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),s=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let o in s)if(void 0!==e[o])try{if(null===e[o]){r[o]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[o])&&Array.isArray(t[o])?r[o]=Array.from(new Set([...e[o],...t[o]])):e[o]instanceof Map||e[o]instanceof Set||e[o]instanceof Date||e[o]instanceof RegExp?r[o]=e[o]:"object"==typeof e[o]&&"object"==typeof t[o]?r[o]=i(e[o],t[o]):r[o]=e[o]}catch(e){r[o]||(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),s=r(8990),o=r(6154);const a={},c=o.gm.XMLHttpRequest,d="addEventListener",u="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(a[t.debugId]++)return t;a[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[d,u],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(o.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(o.gm,f)),t.on(d+"-start",function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)&&"newrelic"!==e[0]){var i=(0,s.I)(n,l,function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n});this.wrapped=e[1]=i}}),t.on(u+"-start",function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]}),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,d);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},8362:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>s});var n=r(9566),i=r(1741);class s extends i.W{agentIdentifier=(0,n.LA)(16)}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},9119:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{L:()=>s});var n=/([^?#]*)[^#]*(#[^?]*|$).*/,i=/([^?#]*)().*/;function s(e,t){return e?e.replace(t?n:i,"$1$2"):e}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n,f:()=>i});const n=r(860).K7.ajax,i="ajaxRequest.id"},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AJ:()=>o,F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>s,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.314.0",i="PROD",s="CDN",o="@newrelic/rrweb",a="1.1.0"},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>a,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>o,el:()=>d});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function s(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function o(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map(e=>"x"===e?s(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&s()|8).toString(16):e).join("")}function a(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const o=[];for(var a=0;a<e;a++)o.push(s(r,i++).toString(16));return o.join("")}function c(){return a(16)}function d(){return a(32)}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,s){s?(s.buffer([e],i),s.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var s=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](s,s.exports,i),s.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.314.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.314.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,s,o)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var a,c;if(void 0!==s)for(var d=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),u=0;u<d.length;u++){var l=d[u];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+s){a=l;break}}if(!a){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-mgj9qD5BdNJpEJCPmd1OfPzfnL/HRJ64OPYq/GZQxKc0756ytnQixcg8IA8iZWe/PRWN4DuGAnX82J2lscbiIw==",249:"sha512-fUJXIKjSt6UL9n1UZzNMzGGL3CxnBT/AgtoTat0/ONINbEB2PoiO+yK54DPYDwzpXDBddJHvs2BrYFj1GBpo2Q==",212:"sha512-vjoeBTgR0ONx6WcgBdfuPgcta1834zMPDhLL05C9c/pB+/xAuxL4BJMu9yeXYh+oIV7oIn6qTkDC7rBcZIDiHg=="};(a=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",i.nc&&a.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),a.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+s),a.src=r,0!==a.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(a.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[o]&&(a.integrity=f[o])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{a.onerror=a.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],a.parentNode&&a.parentNode.removeChild(a),i&&i.forEach(e=>e(n)),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:a}),12e4);a.onerror=h.bind(null,a.onerror),a.onload=h.bind(null,a.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(a)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var s=new Promise((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]);r.push(n[2]=s);var o=i.p+i.u(t),a=new Error;i.l(o,r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var s=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),o=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;a.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed: ("+s+": "+o+")",a.name="ChunkLoadError",a.type=s,a.request=o,n[1](a)}},"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,s,[o,a,c]=r,d=0;if(o.some(t=>0!==e[t])){for(n in a)i.o(a,n)&&(i.m[n]=a[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);d<o.length;d++)s=o[d],i.o(e,s)&&e[s]&&e[s][0](),e[s]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.314.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.314.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(8362),t=i(860);const r=Object.values(t.K7);var n=i(5205);var s=i(9908),o=i(1863),a=i(4261),c=i(1738);var d=i(1687),u=i(4234),l=i(5289),f=i(6154),h=i(944),p=i(5270),g=i(7767),m=i(6389),v=i(7699);class y extends u.W{constructor(e,t){super(e,t),this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.loadedSuccessfully=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=new Promise(e=>{this.loadedSuccessfully=e}),this.deferred=Promise.resolve(),!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart?this.deferred=new Promise((t,r)=>{this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,m.J)(()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e,this.featureName),t()}))}):(0,d.Ak)(e,t)}importAggregator(e,t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate)return;const n=async()=>{let n;await this.deferred;try{if((0,g.V)(e.init)){const{setupAgentSession:t}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,8766));n=t(e)}}catch(e){(0,h.R)(20,e),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[e]),(0,s.p)(v.qh,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,n,e.init))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentRef,this.featureName),void this.loadedSuccessfully(!1);const{Aggregate:i}=await t();this.featAggregate=new i(e,r),e.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),this.loadedSuccessfully(!0)}catch(e){(0,h.R)(34,e),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentRef,this.featureName,!0),this.loadedSuccessfully(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};f.RI?(0,l.GG)(()=>n(),!0):n()}#t(e,r,n){if(this.blocked)return!1;switch(e){case t.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,p.SR)(n)&&!!r;case t.K7.sessionTrace:return!!r;default:return!0}}}var b=i(6630),w=i(2614),R=i(3241);class E extends y{static featureName=b.T;constructor(e){var t;super(e,b.T),this.setupInspectionEvents(),t=e,(0,c.Y)(a.Fw,function(e,r){"string"==typeof e&&("/"!==e.charAt(0)&&(e="/"+e),t.runtime.customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+e,(0,s.p)(a.Pl+a.Fw,[(0,o.t)()],void 0,void 0,t.ee))},t),this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,5839)))}setupInspectionEvents(){const e=(e,t)=>{e&&(0,R.W)({timeStamp:e.timeStamp,loaded:"complete"===e.target.readyState,type:"window",name:t,data:e.target.location+""})};(0,l.sB)(t=>{e(t,"DOMContentLoaded")}),(0,l.GG)(t=>{e(t,"load")}),(0,l.Qr)(t=>{e(t,"navigate")}),this.ee.on(w.tS.UPDATE,(e,t)=>{(0,R.W)({type:"lifecycle",name:"session",data:t})})}}var T=i(384);class A extends e.d{constructor(e){var t;(super(),f.gm)?(this.features={},(0,T.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(e.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(E),(0,n.j)(this,e,e.loaderType||"agent"),t=this,(0,c.Y)(a.cD,function(e,r,n=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof r)||null===r)return(0,c.U)(t,e,r,a.cD,n);(0,h.R)(40,typeof r)}else(0,h.R)(39,typeof e)},t),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.Dl,function(t,r=!1){if("string"!=typeof t&&null!==t)return void(0,h.R)(41,typeof t);const n=e.info.jsAttributes["enduser.id"];r&&null!=n&&n!==t?(0,s.p)(a.Pl+"setUserIdAndResetSession",[t],void 0,"session",e.ee):(0,c.U)(e,"enduser.id",t,a.Dl,!0)},e)}(this),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.nb,function(t){if("string"==typeof t||null===t)return(0,c.U)(e,"application.version",t,a.nb,!1);(0,h.R)(42,typeof t)},e)}(this),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.d3,function(){e.ee.emit("manual-start-all")},e)}(this),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.Pv,function(t=!0){if("boolean"==typeof t){if((0,s.p)(a.Pl+a.Pv,[t],void 0,"session",e.ee),e.runtime.consented=t,t){const t=e.features.page_view_event;t.onAggregateImported.then(e=>{const r=t.featAggregate;e&&!r.sentRum&&r.sendRum()})}}else(0,h.R)(65,typeof t)},e)}(this),this.run()):(0,h.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}get api(){return this}run(){try{const e=function(e){const t={};return r.forEach(r=>{t[r]=!!e[r]?.enabled}),t}(this.init),n=[...this.desiredFeatures];n.sort((e,r)=>t.P3[e.featureName]-t.P3[r.featureName]),n.forEach(r=>{if(!e[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==t.K7.pageViewEvent)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case t.K7.ajax:return[t.K7.jserrors];case t.K7.sessionTrace:return[t.K7.ajax,t.K7.pageViewEvent];case t.K7.sessionReplay:return[t.K7.sessionTrace];case t.K7.pageViewTiming:return[t.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter(e=>!(e in this.features));n.length>0&&(0,h.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)})}catch(e){(0,h.R)(22,e);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const t=(0,T.Zm)();delete t.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return t.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}var x=i(2843),S=i(782);class _ extends y{static featureName=S.T;constructor(e){super(e,S.T),f.RI&&((0,x.u)(()=>(0,s.p)("docHidden",[(0,o.t)()],void 0,S.T,this.ee),!0),(0,x.G)(()=>(0,s.p)("winPagehide",[(0,o.t)()],void 0,S.T,this.ee)),this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9917))))}}var O=i(3969);class P extends y{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e){super(e,O.TZ),this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6555)))}}var k=i(6774),N=i(3878),j=i(3304);class D{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return M(e)?e:new D(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic,e?.cause)}function L(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection: ";if(!e?.reason)return;if(M(e.reason)){try{e.reason.message.startsWith(t)||(e.reason.message=t+e.reason.message)}catch(e){}return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return(r.message||"").startsWith(t)||(r.message=t+r.message),r}function I(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new D(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic,e.cause);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return M(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function M(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}function B(e,r,n,i,a=(0,o.t)()){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),(0,s.p)("err",[e,a,!1,r,n.runtime.isRecording,void 0,i],void 0,t.K7.jserrors,n.ee),(0,s.p)("uaErr",[],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,n.ee)}var H=i(5732),K=i(993),W=i(3785);function F(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=K.p_.INFO}={},n,i,s=(0,o.t)()){(0,W.R)(n.ee,e,t,r,!1,i,s)}function U(e,r,n,i,c=(0,o.t)()){(0,s.p)(a.Pl+a.hG,[c,e,r,i],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,n.ee)}function V(e,r,n,i,c=(0,o.t)()){const{start:d,end:u,customAttributes:l}=r||{},f={customAttributes:l||{}};if("object"!=typeof f.customAttributes||"string"!=typeof e||0===e.length)return void(0,h.R)(57);const p=(e,t)=>null==e?t:"number"==typeof e?e:e instanceof PerformanceMark?e.startTime:Number.NaN;if(f.start=p(d,0),f.end=p(u,c),Number.isNaN(f.start)||Number.isNaN(f.end))(0,h.R)(57);else{if(f.duration=f.end-f.start,!(f.duration<0))return(0,s.p)(a.Pl+a.V1,[f,e,i],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,n.ee),f;(0,h.R)(58)}}function z(e,r={},n,i,c=(0,o.t)()){(0,s.p)(a.Pl+a.fF,[c,e,r,i],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,n.ee)}var G=i(7508),Y=i(9566);const Z=["name","id","type"],q=new Map([[U,"addPageAction"],[F,"log"],[V,"measure"],[B,"noticeError"],[z,"recordCustomEvent"]]),X={experimental:(0,m.J)(()=>(0,h.R)(54,"newrelic.register")),disabled:(0,m.J)(()=>(0,h.R)(55)),invalidTarget:(0,m.J)(e=>(0,h.R)(48,e)),deregistered:(0,m.J)(()=>(0,h.R)(68))};function Q(e){(0,c.Y)(a.eY,function(t){return J(e,t)},e)}function J(e,r){X.experimental(),r||={},r.instance=(0,Y.LA)(8),r.type=H.fQ.MFE,r.licenseKey||=e.info.licenseKey,r.blocked=!1,("object"!=typeof r.tags||null===r.tags||Array.isArray(r.tags))&&(r.tags={}),r.parent??={get id(){return e.runtime.appMetadata.agents[0].entityGuid},type:H.fQ.BA};const n=(0,G.Qr)(),i={};Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(r,"attributes")||Object.defineProperty(r,"attributes",{get:()=>({...i,"source.id":r.id,"source.name":r.name,"source.type":r.type,"parent.type":r.parent?.type||H.fQ.BA,"parent.id":r.parent?.id})}),Object.entries(r.tags).forEach(([e,t])=>{Z.includes(e)||(i["source.".concat(e)]=t)});let a=()=>{};const c=e.runtime.registeredEntities,d=e=>{r.blocked=!0,a=e};function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&!!e.trim()&&e.trim().length<501}e.init.api.register.enabled||d(X.disabled),u(r.id)&&u(r.name)||d(()=>X.invalidTarget(r));const l={addPageAction:(t,n={})=>m(U,[t,{...i,...n},e],r),deregister:()=>{p(),d(X.deregistered)},log:(t,n={})=>m(F,[t,{...n,customAttributes:{...i,...n.customAttributes||{}}},e],r),measure:(t,n={})=>m(V,[t,{...n,customAttributes:{...i,...n.customAttributes||{}}},e],r),noticeError:(t,n={})=>m(B,[t,{...i,...n},e],r),recordCustomEvent:(t,n={})=>m(z,[t,{...i,...n},e],r),setApplicationVersion:e=>g("application.version",e),setCustomAttribute:(e,t)=>g(e,t),setUserId:e=>g("enduser.id",e),metadata:{get customAttributes(){return i},target:r,timings:n}},f=()=>(r.blocked&&a(),r.blocked);function p(){if(n.reportedAt)return;n.reportedAt=(0,o.t)();const e=n.fetchEnd-n.fetchStart,t=n.scriptEnd-n.scriptStart;l.recordCustomEvent("MicroFrontEndTiming",{assetUrl:n.asset,assetType:n.type,timeAlive:n.reportedAt-n.registeredAt,timeToBeRequested:n.fetchStart,timeToExecute:t,timeToFetch:e,timeToLoad:e+t,timeToRegister:n.registeredAt})}f()||(c.push(l),(0,x.G)(p));const g=(e,t)=>{f()||(i[e]=t)},m=(r,n,i)=>{if(f()&&r!==J)return;const a=(0,o.t)(),c=q.get(r)||"unknown";(0,s.p)(O.xV,["API/register/".concat(c,"/called")],void 0,t.K7.metrics,e.ee);try{return r(...n,i,a)}catch(e){(0,h.R)(50,e)}};return l}class ee extends y{static featureName=k.T;constructor(e){var t;super(e,k.T),t=e,(0,c.Y)(a.o5,(e,r)=>B(e,r,t),t),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.bt,function(t){e.runtime.onerror=t},e)}(e),function(e){let t=0;(0,c.Y)(a.k6,function(e,r){++t>10||(this.runtime.releaseIds[e.slice(-200)]=(""+r).slice(-200))},e)}(e),Q(e);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(t,r)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,s.p)("ierr",[C(t),(0,o.t)(),!0,{},e.runtime.isRecording,r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),f.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",t=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,s.p)("err",[L(t),(0,o.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},e.runtime.isRecording],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)},(0,N.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),f.gm.addEventListener("error",t=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,s.p)("err",[I(t),(0,o.t)(),!1,{},e.runtime.isRecording],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)},(0,N.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#r,this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9377)))}#r(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var te=i(8990);let re=1;function ne(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===f.gm?0:(0,te.I)(e,"nr@id",function(){return re++})}function ie(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var se=i(8139),oe=i(7836),ae=i(3434);const ce={},de=["open","send"];function ue(e,t){var r=e||oe.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||oe.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(void 0===f.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(ce[n.debugId]++)return n;ce[n.debugId]=1,(0,se.u)(r);var i=(0,ae.YM)(n),s=f.gm.XMLHttpRequest,o=f.gm.MutationObserver,a=f.gm.Promise,c=f.gm.setInterval,d="readystatechange",u=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],p=f.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(e){const r=new s(e),o=n.context(r);o.targets=(0,H.$5)(t);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],o),r.addEventListener(d,(a=o,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!a.resolved&&(a.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,u,"fn-",w)}),(0,N.jT)(!1))}catch(e){(0,h.R)(15,e);try{n.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}var a;return r};function g(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",w)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(s,p),p.prototype=s.prototype,i.inPlace(p.prototype,de,"-xhr-",w),n.on("send-xhr-start",function(e,t){g(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),o&&(m?m.then(b):c?c(b):(v=-v,y.data=v))}(t)}),n.on("open-xhr-start",g),o){var m=a&&a.resolve();if(!c&&!a){var v=1,y=document.createTextNode(v);new o(b).observe(y,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===d||b()});function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)g(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function w(e,t){return t}return n}var le="fetch-",fe=le+"body-",he=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],pe=f.gm.Request,ge=f.gm.Response,me="prototype";const ve={};function ye(e,t){const r=function(e){return(e||oe.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(pe&&ge&&f.gm.fetch))return r;if(ve[r.debugId]++)return r;function n(e,n,i){var s=e[n];"function"==typeof s&&(e[n]=function(){var e=[...arguments];const n={},o=(0,H.$5)(t);var a;r.emit(i+"before-start",[e],n),n[oe.P]&&n[oe.P].dt&&(a=n[oe.P].dt);var c=s.apply(this,e);return r.emit(i+"start",[e,a],c),c.then(function(e){return r.emit(i+"end",[null,e,o],c),e},function(e){throw r.emit(i+"end",[e,void 0,o],c),e})})}return ve[r.debugId]=1,he.forEach(e=>{n(pe[me],e,fe),n(ge[me],e,fe)}),n(f.gm,"fetch",le),r.on(le+"end",function(e,t,n){var i=this;if(i.targets=n||[void 0],t){var s=t.headers.get("content-length");null!==s&&(i.rxSize=s),r.emit(le+"done",[null,t],i)}else r.emit(le+"done",[e],i)}),r}var be=i(7485);class we{constructor(e){this.agentRef=e}generateTracePayload(e){const t=this.agentRef.loader_config;if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e)||!t)return null;var r=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,n=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!r||!n)return null;var s=(0,Y.ZF)(),o=(0,Y.el)(),a=Date.now(),c={spanId:s,traceId:o,timestamp:a};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(c.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(s,o),c.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(s,a,r,n,i)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(c.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(s,o,a,r,n,i)),c}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,s){if(!("function"==typeof f.gm?.btoa))return null;var o={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return s&&n!==s&&(o.d.tk=s),btoa((0,j.A)(o))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.agentRef.init?.distributed_tracing?.enabled&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1;const r=this.agentRef.init?.distributed_tracing;if(e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r?.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,be.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=this.agentRef.init?.distributed_tracing;return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=this.agentRef.init?.distributed_tracing;return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=this.agentRef.init?.distributed_tracing;return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var Re=i(9300),Ee=i(7295);function Te(e){return"string"==typeof e?e:e instanceof(0,T.dV)().o.REQ?e.url:f.gm?.URL&&e instanceof URL?e.href:void 0}var Ae=["load","error","abort","timeout"],xe=Ae.length,Se=(0,T.dV)().o.REQ,_e=(0,T.dV)().o.XHR;const Oe="X-NewRelic-App-Data";class Pe extends y{static featureName=Re.T;constructor(e){super(e,Re.T),this.dt=new we(e),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,s.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};f.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach(r=>{if(r.initiatorType in e&&0!==r.responseStatus){const n={status:r.responseStatus},i={rxSize:r.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(r.duration),cbTime:0};ke(n,r.name),this.handler("xhr",[n,i,r.startTime,r.responseEnd,e[r.initiatorType]],void 0,t.K7.ajax)}})}catch(e){}ye(this.ee,e),ue(this.ee,e),function(e,r,n,i){function a(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=T,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},t.latestLongtaskEnd=0,e.addEventListener("load",function(r){x(t,e)},(0,N.jT)(!1)),f.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded},(0,N.jT)(!1))}function c(e){this.params={method:e[0]},ke(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function d(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var n=i.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(n){var s=!1;n.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",n.newrelicHeader),s=!0),n.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",n.traceContextParentHeader),n.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",n.traceContextStateHeader),s=!0),s&&(this.dt=n)}}function u(e,t){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],s=this;if(n&&i){var a=ie(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,o.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||s.loadCaptureCalled||(s.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||s.called===s.totalCbs&&(s.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof t.onload)&&"function"==typeof s.end)&&s.end(t)}catch(e){try{r.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var c=0;c<xe;c++)t.addEventListener(Ae[c],this.listener,(0,N.jT)(!1))}function l(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function h(e,t){var r=""+ne(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function p(e,t){var r=""+ne(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function g(){this.endTime=(0,o.t)()}function m(e,t){t instanceof _e&&"load"===e[0]&&r.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],t)}function v(e,t){t instanceof _e&&"load"===e[0]&&r.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],t)}function y(e,t,r){t instanceof _e&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,o.t)()))}function b(e,t){this.xhrCbStart&&r.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,o.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,t],t)}function w(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&f.RI&&(t=""+f.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:f.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,be.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var n=i.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(n&&(n.newrelicHeader||n.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)a(e[0].headers,n)&&(this.dt=n);else{var s={};for(var o in r)s[o]=r[o];s.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),a(s.headers,n)&&(this.dt=n),e.length>1?e[1]=s:e.push(s)}}function a(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function R(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,o.t)(),this.dt=t;let[r,n={}]=e;ke(this,Te(r));const i=(""+(r&&r instanceof Se&&r.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=i,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=ie(n.body)||0}function E(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,o.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,Ee.iW)(this.params))return;let r;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(r=+this.rxSize);const n={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:r,duration:(0,o.t)()-this.startTime},i=[this.params,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"];this.targets.forEach(e=>A(i,this,e))}function T(e){const t=this.params,r=this.metrics;if(this.ended)return;this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<xe;t++)e.removeEventListener(Ae[t],this.listener,!1);if(t.aborted)return;if((0,Ee.iW)(t))return;r.duration=(0,o.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):x(this,e),r.cbTime=this.cbTime;const n=[t,r,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"];this.targets.forEach(e=>A(n,this,e))}function A(e,r,i){n("xhr",[...e,i],r,t.K7.ajax)}function x(e,n){e.params.status=n.status;var i=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?ie(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?ie(e.responseText):void 0}(n,e.lastSize);if(i&&(e.metrics.rxSize=i),e.sameOrigin&&n.getAllResponseHeaders().indexOf(Oe)>=0){var o=n.getResponseHeader(Oe);o&&((0,s.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,t.K7.metrics,r),e.params.cat=o.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}r.on("new-xhr",a),r.on("open-xhr-start",c),r.on("open-xhr-end",d),r.on("send-xhr-start",u),r.on("xhr-cb-time",l),r.on("xhr-load-added",h),r.on("xhr-load-removed",p),r.on("xhr-resolved",g),r.on("addEventListener-end",m),r.on("removeEventListener-end",v),r.on("fn-end",b),r.on("fetch-before-start",w),r.on("fetch-start",R),r.on("fn-start",y),r.on("fetch-done",E)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,3845)))}}function ke(e,t){var r=(0,be.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const Ne={},je=["pushState","replaceState"];function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||oe.ee).get("history")}(e);return!f.RI||Ne[t.debugId]++||(Ne[t.debugId]=1,(0,ae.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,je,"-")),t}var Ce=i(3738);function Le(e){(0,c.Y)(a.BL,function(r=Date.now()){const n=r-f.WN;n<0&&(0,h.R)(62,r),(0,s.p)(O.XG,[a.BL,{time:n}],void 0,t.K7.metrics,e.ee),e.addToTrace({name:a.BL,start:r,origin:"nr"}),(0,s.p)(a.Pl+a.hG,[n,a.BL],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,e.ee)},e)}const{He:Ie,bD:Me,d3:Be,Kp:He,TZ:Ke,Lc:We,uP:Fe,Rz:Ue}=Ce;class Ve extends y{static featureName=Ke;constructor(e){var r;super(e,Ke),r=e,(0,c.Y)(a.U2,function(e){if(!(e&&"object"==typeof e&&e.name&&e.start))return;const n={n:e.name,s:e.start-f.WN,e:(e.end||e.start)-f.WN,o:e.origin||"",t:"api"};n.s<0||n.e<0||n.e<n.s?(0,h.R)(61,{start:n.s,end:n.e}):(0,s.p)("bstApi",[n],void 0,t.K7.sessionTrace,r.ee)},r),Le(e);if(!(0,g.V)(e.init))return void this.deregisterDrain();const n=this.ee;let d;De(n),this.eventsEE=(0,se.u)(n),this.eventsEE.on(Fe,function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,o.t)()}),this.eventsEE.on(We,function(e,r){(0,s.p)("bst",[e[0],r,this.bstStart,(0,o.t)()],void 0,t.K7.sessionTrace,n)}),n.on(Ue+Be,function(e){this.time=(0,o.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash}),n.on(Ue+He,function(e){(0,s.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,t.K7.sessionTrace,n)});try{d=new PerformanceObserver(e=>{const r=e.getEntries();(0,s.p)(Ie,[r],void 0,t.K7.sessionTrace,n)}),d.observe({type:Me,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6974)),{resourceObserver:d})}}var ze=i(6344);class Ge extends y{static featureName=ze.TZ;#n;recorder;constructor(e){var r;let n;super(e,ze.TZ),r=e,(0,c.Y)(a.CH,function(){(0,s.p)(a.CH,[],void 0,t.K7.sessionReplay,r.ee)},r),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.Tb,function(){(0,s.p)(a.Tb,[],void 0,t.K7.sessionReplay,e.ee)},e)}(e);try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(w.H3,"_").concat(w.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,p.SR)(e.init)&&this.ee.on(a.CH,()=>this.#i()),this.#s(n)&&this.importRecorder().then(e=>{e.startRecording(ze.Qb.PRELOAD,n?.sessionReplayMode)}),this.importAggregator(this.agentRef,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6167)),this),this.ee.on("err",e=>{this.blocked||this.agentRef.runtime.isRecording&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,s.p)(ze.Vh,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===w.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===w.g.ERROR)||(0,p.Aw)(this.agentRef.init)}importRecorder(){return this.recorder?Promise.resolve(this.recorder):(this.#n??=Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,4866)).then(({Recorder:e})=>(this.recorder=new e(this),this.recorder)).catch(e=>{throw this.ee.emit("internal-error",[e]),this.blocked=!0,e}),this.#n)}#i(){this.blocked||(this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==w.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(w.g.FULL,!0,ze.Qb.API):this.importRecorder().then(()=>{this.recorder.startRecording(ze.Qb.API,w.g.FULL)}))}}var Ye=i(3962);class Ze extends y{static featureName=Ye.TZ;constructor(e){if(super(e,Ye.TZ),function(e){const r=e.ee.get("tracer");function n(){}(0,c.Y)(a.dT,function(e){return(new n).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})},e);const i=n.prototype={createTracer:function(n,i){var a={},c=this,d="function"==typeof i;return(0,s.p)(O.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,t.K7.metrics,e.ee),function(){if(r.emit((d?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,o.t)(),c,d],a),d)try{return i.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw r.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],a),t}finally{r.emit("fn-end",[(0,o.t)()],a)}}}};["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach(r=>{c.Y.apply(this,[r,function(){return(0,s.p)(a.hw+r,[performance.now(),...arguments],this,t.K7.softNav,e.ee),this},e,i])}),(0,c.Y)(a.PA,function(){(0,s.p)(a.hw+"routeName",[performance.now(),...arguments],void 0,t.K7.softNav,e.ee)},e)}(e),!f.RI||!(0,T.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=De(this.ee);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}Ye.tC.forEach(e=>{(0,N.sp)(e,e=>{l(e)},!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)});const n=()=>(0,s.p)("newURL",[(0,o.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n),(0,N.sp)(Ye.OV,e=>{l(e),(0,s.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)},!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let d=!1;const u=new((0,T.dV)().o.MO)((e,t)=>{d||(d=!0,requestAnimationFrame(()=>{(0,s.p)("newDom",[(0,o.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),d=!1}))}),l=(0,m.s)(e=>{"loading"!==document.readyState&&((0,s.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),u.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0}))},100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),u.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,4393)),{domObserver:u})}}var qe=i(3333),Xe=i(9119);const $e={},Qe=new Set;function Je(e){return"string"==typeof e?{type:"string",size:(new TextEncoder).encode(e).length}:e instanceof ArrayBuffer?{type:"ArrayBuffer",size:e.byteLength}:e instanceof Blob?{type:"Blob",size:e.size}:e instanceof DataView?{type:"DataView",size:e.byteLength}:ArrayBuffer.isView(e)?{type:"TypedArray",size:e.byteLength}:{type:"unknown",size:0}}class et{constructor(e,t){this.timestamp=(0,o.t)(),this.currentUrl=(0,Xe.L)(window.location.href),this.socketId=(0,Y.LA)(8),this.requestedUrl=(0,Xe.L)(e),this.requestedProtocols=Array.isArray(t)?t.join(","):t||"",this.openedAt=void 0,this.protocol=void 0,this.extensions=void 0,this.binaryType=void 0,this.messageOrigin=void 0,this.messageCount=0,this.messageBytes=0,this.messageBytesMin=0,this.messageBytesMax=0,this.messageTypes=void 0,this.sendCount=0,this.sendBytes=0,this.sendBytesMin=0,this.sendBytesMax=0,this.sendTypes=void 0,this.closedAt=void 0,this.closeCode=void 0,this.closeReason="unknown",this.closeWasClean=void 0,this.connectedDuration=0,this.hasErrors=void 0}}class tt extends y{static featureName=qe.TZ;constructor(e){super(e,qe.TZ);const r=e.init.feature_flags.includes("websockets"),n=!e.init.feature_flags.includes("no_spv"),d=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.performance.resources.enabled,e.init.user_actions.enabled,r,n];var u;let l;if(u=e,(0,c.Y)(a.hG,(e,t)=>U(e,t,u),u),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.fF,(t,r)=>z(t,r,e),e)}(e),Le(e),Q(e),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.V1,(t,r)=>V(t,r,e),e)}(e),this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController,this.abortHandler=()=>{this.removeOnAbort.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0},r){const h=function(e){if(!(0,T.dV)().o.WS)return e;const t=e.get("websockets");if($e[t.debugId]++)return t;$e[t.debugId]=1,(0,x.G)(()=>{const e=(0,o.t)();Qe.forEach(r=>{r.nrData.closedAt=e,r.nrData.closeCode=1001,r.nrData.closeReason="Page navigating away",r.nrData.closeWasClean=!1,r.nrData.openedAt&&(r.nrData.connectedDuration=e-r.nrData.openedAt),t.emit("ws",[r.nrData],r)})});class r extends WebSocket{static name="WebSocket";static toString(){return"function WebSocket() { [native code] }"}toString(){return"[object WebSocket]"}get[Symbol.toStringTag](){return r.name}#o(e){(e.__newrelic??={}).socketId=this.nrData.socketId,this.nrData.hasErrors??=!0}constructor(...e){super(...e),this.nrData=new et(e[0],e[1]),this.addEventListener("open",()=>{this.nrData.openedAt=(0,o.t)(),["protocol","extensions","binaryType"].forEach(e=>{this.nrData[e]=this[e]}),Qe.add(this)}),this.addEventListener("message",e=>{const{type:t,size:r}=Je(e.data);this.nrData.messageOrigin??=(0,Xe.L)(e.origin),this.nrData.messageCount++,this.nrData.messageBytes+=r,this.nrData.messageBytesMin=Math.min(this.nrData.messageBytesMin||1/0,r),this.nrData.messageBytesMax=Math.max(this.nrData.messageBytesMax,r),(this.nrData.messageTypes??"").includes(t)||(this.nrData.messageTypes=this.nrData.messageTypes?"".concat(this.nrData.messageTypes,",").concat(t):t)}),this.addEventListener("close",e=>{this.nrData.closedAt=(0,o.t)(),this.nrData.closeCode=e.code,e.reason&&(this.nrData.closeReason=e.reason),this.nrData.closeWasClean=e.wasClean,this.nrData.connectedDuration=this.nrData.closedAt-this.nrData.openedAt,Qe.delete(this),t.emit("ws",[this.nrData],this)})}addEventListener(e,t,...r){const n=this,i="function"==typeof t?function(...e){try{return t.apply(this,e)}catch(e){throw n.#o(e),e}}:t?.handleEvent?{handleEvent:function(...e){try{return t.handleEvent.apply(t,e)}catch(e){throw n.#o(e),e}}}:t;return super.addEventListener(e,i,...r)}send(e){if(this.readyState===WebSocket.OPEN){const{type:t,size:r}=Je(e);this.nrData.sendCount++,this.nrData.sendBytes+=r,this.nrData.sendBytesMin=Math.min(this.nrData.sendBytesMin||1/0,r),this.nrData.sendBytesMax=Math.max(this.nrData.sendBytesMax,r),(this.nrData.sendTypes??"").includes(t)||(this.nrData.sendTypes=this.nrData.sendTypes?"".concat(this.nrData.sendTypes,",").concat(t):t)}try{return super.send(e)}catch(e){throw this.#o(e),e}}close(...e){try{super.close(...e)}catch(e){throw this.#o(e),e}}}return f.gm.WebSocket=r,t}(this.ee);h.on("ws",e=>{(0,s.p)("ws-complete",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})}if(n&&f.gm.addEventListener("securitypolicyviolation",e=>{(0,s.p)("spv",[e],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,this.ee)},(0,N.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort.signal)),f.RI){if(ye(this.ee,e),ue(this.ee,e),l=De(this.ee),e.init.user_actions.enabled){function p(t){const r=(0,be.D)(t);return e.beacons.includes(r.hostname+":"+r.port)}function g(){l.emit("navChange")}qe.Zp.forEach(e=>(0,N.sp)(e,e=>(0,s.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),!0)),qe.qN.forEach(e=>{const t=(0,m.s)(e=>{(0,s.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)},500,{leading:!0});(0,N.sp)(e,t)}),f.gm.addEventListener("error",()=>{(0,s.p)("uaErr",[],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,this.ee)},(0,N.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort.signal)),this.ee.on("open-xhr-start",(e,r)=>{p(e[1])||r.addEventListener("readystatechange",()=>{2===r.readyState&&(0,s.p)("uaXhr",[],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,this.ee)},(0,N.jT)(void 0,this.removeOnAbort.signal))}),this.ee.on("fetch-start",e=>{e.length>=1&&!p(Te(e[0]))&&(0,s.p)("uaXhr",[],void 0,t.K7.genericEvents,this.ee)}),l.on("pushState-end",g),l.on("replaceState-end",g),window.addEventListener("hashchange",g,(0,N.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",g,(0,N.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort.signal))}if(e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&f.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource")){new PerformanceObserver(e=>{e.getEntries().forEach(e=>{(0,s.p)("browserPerformance.resource",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})}).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}}d.some(e=>e)?this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,8019))):this.deregisterDrain()}}var rt=i(2646);const nt=new Map;function it(e,t,r,n,i=!0,s){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,h.R)(29);const o=function(e){return(e||oe.ee).get("logger")}(e),a=(0,ae.YM)(o,void 0,s),c=new rt.y(oe.P);c.level=n.level,c.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,c.autoCaptured=i;const d=t[r]?.[ae.Jt]||t[r];return nt.set(d,c),a.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",()=>nt.get(d),void 0,!0),o}var st=i(1910);class ot extends y{static featureName=K.TZ;constructor(e){var t;super(e,K.TZ),t=e,(0,c.Y)(a.$9,(e,r)=>F(e,r,t),t),function(e){(0,c.Y)(a.Wb,(t,r,{customAttributes:n={},level:i=K.p_.INFO}={})=>{it(e.ee,t,r,{customAttributes:n,level:i},!1,e)},e)}(e),Q(e);const r=this.ee;["log","error","warn","info","debug","trace"].forEach(t=>{(0,st.i)(f.gm.console[t]),it(r,f.gm.console,t,{level:"log"===t?"info":t},void 0,e)}),this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",function([e],t,n,i=[]){const{level:s,customAttributes:o,autoCaptured:a}=this;i.forEach(t=>{(0,W.R)(r,e,o,s,a,t)})}),this.importAggregator(e,()=>i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,5288)))}}new A({features:[Pe,E,_,Ve,Ge,P,ee,tt,ot,Ze],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script>
	<meta http-equiv="ClearType" content="true" />
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />

			<meta name="copyright" content="&copy; 2026 Boston University" />
	
	<link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11" />
	<link rel="pingback" href="https://www.bu.edu/xmlrpc.php" />
	<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/themes/responsive-framework-2-x/icons/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/>

	<meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />

<!-- Google Tag Manager for WordPress by DuracellTomi - http://duracelltomi.com -->
<script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">
	var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer";
	var dataLayer = dataLayer || []

	var gtm4wp_scrollerscript_debugmode         = false;
	var gtm4wp_scrollerscript_callbacktime      = 100;
	var gtm4wp_scrollerscript_readerlocation    = 150;
	var gtm4wp_scrollerscript_contentelementid  = "content";
	var gtm4wp_scrollerscript_scannertime       = 60;
</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager for WordPress by DuracellTomi -->
	<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.4 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ -->
	<title>BU Today | BU Today | Boston University</title>
	<meta name="description" content="Boston University is a leading private research institution with two primary campuses in the heart of Boston and programs around the world." />
	<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/" />
	<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
	<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
	<meta property="og:title" content="BU Today | BU Today | Boston University" />
	<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.bu.edu/today/" />
	<meta property="og:site_name" content="Boston University" />
	<meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/BostonUniversity/" />
	<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2019-06-27T15:56:00+00:00" />
	<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
	<script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.bu.edu/#website","url":"https://www.bu.edu/","name":"Boston University","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.bu.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.bu.edu/today/","url":"https://www.bu.edu/today/","name":"BU Today | BU Today | Boston University","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.bu.edu/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-04-25T01:23:24+00:00","dateModified":"2019-06-27T15:56:00+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.bu.edu/today/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.bu.edu/today/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.bu.edu/today/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.bu.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"BU Today"}]}]}</script>
	<!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. -->


<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.w.org' />
		<script type="text/javascript">
			window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.1.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.1.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.8.10"}};
			!function(e,a,t){var n,r,o,i=a.createElement("canvas"),p=i.getContext&&i.getContext("2d");function s(e,t){var a=String.fromCharCode;p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,e),0,0);e=i.toDataURL();return p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,t),0,0),e===i.toDataURL()}function c(e){var t=a.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=t.type="text/javascript",a.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(t)}for(o=Array("flag","emoji"),t.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},r=0;r<o.length;r++)t.supports[o[r]]=function(e){if(!p||!p.fillText)return!1;switch(p.textBaseline="top",p.font="600 32px Arial",e){case"flag":return s([127987,65039,8205,9895,65039],[127987,65039,8203,9895,65039])?!1:!s([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819])&&!s([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]);case"emoji":return!s([10084,65039,8205,55357,56613],[10084,65039,8203,55357,56613])}return!1}(o[r]),t.supports.everything=t.supports.everything&&t.supports[o[r]],"flag"!==o[r]&&(t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&t.supports[o[r]]);t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!t.supports.flag,t.DOMReady=!1,t.readyCallback=function(){t.DOMReady=!0},t.supports.everything||(n=function(){t.readyCallback()},a.addEventListener?(a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(n=t.source||{}).concatemoji?c(n.concatemoji):n.wpemoji&&n.twemoji&&(c(n.twemoji),c(n.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings);
		</script>
		<style type="text/css">
img.wp-smiley,
img.emoji {
	display: inline !important;
	border: none !important;
	box-shadow: none !important;
	height: 1em !important;
	width: 1em !important;
	margin: 0 .07em !important;
	vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
	background: none !important;
	padding: 0 !important;
}
</style>
	        <style type="text/css">
            #wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-networks > .ab-item:first-child:before {
                content: "\f325";
                top: 3px;
            }
        </style>
        <link rel='stylesheet' id='bu-alert-css-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/mu-plugins/bu-alert/alert.css?ver=3.0' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=5.8.10' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='bu-navigation-block-frontend-style-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/mu-plugins/bu-navigation/src/block-frontend.css?ver=1.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='bu-slideshow-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-slideshow/interface/css/bu-slideshow.css?ver=2.3.13' type='text/css' media='all' />
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!-->
<link rel='stylesheet' id='responsive-framework-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/themes/r-editorial/style.min.css?ver=0.5.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<![endif]-->
<!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile 7)]>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='responsive-framework-ie-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/themes/r-editorial/ie.min.css?ver=0.5.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<![endif]-->
<link rel='stylesheet' id='bu-branding-fonts-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/mu-plugins/bu-branding/assets/css/fonts.css?ver=0.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='zotpress.shortcode.min.css-css'  href='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/css/zotpress.shortcode.min.css?ver=5.8.10' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.0' id='jquery-core-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.3.2' id='jquery-migrate-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/gtm4wp/js/analytics-talk-content-tracking.js?ver=1.4' id='gtm4wp-scroll-tracking-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/themes/responsive-framework-2-x/js/vendor/modernizr.js?ver=3.7.1' id='modernizr-js'></script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/152627" /><link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.bu.edu/?p=152627' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bu.edu%2Ftoday%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bu.edu%2Ftoday%2F&#038;format=xml" />
<meta name='last-updated' content='2019-06-27T11:56:00-04:00' />


			<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-0Z1EBE5RV7"></script>
<script>
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('js', new Date());
gtag('config', 'G-0Z1EBE5RV7');
gtag('config', 'G-ZLH6JNFYKK', {'cookie_path': '/'});
</script>

<!-- Google Tag Manager for WordPress by DuracellTomi -->
<script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">
	dataLayer.push({"pageTitle":"BU Today | BU Today | Boston University","pagePostType":"page","pagePostType2":"single-page","pagePostAuthorID":2572,"pagePostAuthor":"Sandra M Miller"});
</script>		<style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css">
			/* hotfix for low res side bi side homepage iamge */
@media (min-width: 992px) {
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-subtitle {
		font-size: 1em;
	}
}

.bu-banner-image-opacity-100 .bu-banner-media::before {
	display: none !important;
}

.bu-banner-image-opacity-10 .bu-banner-media {
	background: url("https://www.bu.edu/files/2024/08/Simran-Seth-feat-crop-copy.jpg");
	background-size: cover;
	background-position: 50% 50%;
}

.bu-banner-image-opacity-10 .bu-banner-media .bu-banner-img {
	opacity: 0;
}

.bu-banner-image-opacity-20 .bu-banner-media {
	background: url("/files/2024/08/homepage.jpg");
	background-size: cover;
	background-position: center;
	background-position: 50% 15%;
}

.bu-banner-image-opacity-20 .bu-banner-media .bu-banner-img {
	opacity: 0;
}


/* homepage feature sizing hotfix */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner {
		padding-top: calc(55vh - 85px);
		padding-top: calc(70vh - 85px);
	}
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner {
		padding-top: calc(66vh - 85px);
		padding-top: calc(75vh - 85px);
	}
}

.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-gfx-title {
	font-size: 1em;
}

/*homepage gfx max height*/
@media (min-width: 768px) {
	.bu-banner-gfx-title svg {
		max-height: calc(30vh - 85px);
	}
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
	.bu-banner-gfx-title svg {
		max-height: calc(40vh - 85px);
	}
}

/*homepage header height tweak*/
@media (min-width: 768px) {
	.buhp-masthead.has-light-transparent-fill,
																																													.buhp-masthead.has-dark-transparent-fill {
		height: 130px;
	}
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
	.buhp-masthead.has-light-transparent-fill,
																																													.buhp-masthead.has-dark-transparent-fill {
		height: 130px;
	}
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
	.buhp-masthead.has-light-transparent-fill,
																																													.buhp-masthead.has-dark-transparent-fill {
		height: 130px;
	}
}

.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right {
	background: #f5f6f8;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .bu-banner-content {
		left: 60%;
	}
	
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .bu-banner-media, 
																																												.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .wp-prepress-component-cinemagraph {
		right: 40%;
	}
	
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .bu-banner-button::before {
		left: -150%;
	}
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .bu-banner-content {
		left: 67%;
	}
	
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .bu-banner-media, 
																																												.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .wp-prepress-component-cinemagraph {
		right: 33%;
	}
	
	.buhp-homepage .buhp-homepage-feature .bu-banner-half-right .bu-banner-button::before {
		left: -205%;
	}
}		</style>
					<link rel="stylesheet" id="custom-css-css" type="text/css" href="https://www.bu.edu/files/custom.min.css" />
			</head>

<body id="top" class="page-template page page-id-152627 page-parent has-bu-branding has-bu-masterplate publication-butoday l-no-nav sidebar-location-right page-template-bu-prepresstemplatespublication-homepage">

		<a class="skip-link" href="#main">Skip to Main Content</a><div class='body-wrapper'><div class="publications-nav" style="--publications-list-total-count: 6;">
	<div class="publications-nav-title">
		<a href="https://www.bu.edu" class="brand-bu">Boston University</a>

		<div class="publications-nav-shortmenu">
			<ul class="publications-nav-shortmenu-list">
			<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/bostonia/" tabindex="-1"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-bostonia bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-bostonia" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia {
			fill: #3c333b;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>Bostonia</title>
	<g>
		<g data-name="Bostonia">
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia" d="M67.5,34.16a7.24,7.24,0,0,0,5-6.87c0-6.29-4.28-10.24-10.91-10.24H46.84V53.78H62.68c7.33,0,11.77-5.17,11.77-11.25A8.94,8.94,0,0,0,67.5,34.16ZM54.71,23.93h6.1c2.3,0,3.48,1.55,3.48,3.84a3.48,3.48,0,0,1-3.43,3.78H54.71Zm7.54,23H54.71V38h7.38a4.13,4.13,0,0,1,4.12,4.37C66.21,44.56,64.87,46.91,62.25,46.91ZM89.59,28.35c-7.06,0-13,5.07-13,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,26,0C102.59,33.42,96.65,28.35,89.59,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,89.59,47ZM119,39.28l-4.23-1.12c-1.5-.37-2.14-1.12-2.19-1.86-.06-1.12,1-1.87,2.62-1.87,1.17,0,2.78.32,2.83,2.19h7c0-6.08-5.3-8.27-10.27-8.27-5.24,0-9.68,3.42-9.74,7.09,0,2.3,0,6.08,7.49,8.11l3.27.85c1.81.48,2.46,1.07,2.46,2.13,0,1.28-1.39,2-3,2.08-2,0-3.64-1.44-3.69-2.88h-7c.05,5.55,5.35,8.58,10.43,8.58,5.25,0,10.81-2.5,10.81-7.78C125.81,44.93,125.06,40.93,119,39.28Zm38.89-10.93c-7.06,0-12.95,5.07-12.95,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,25.95,0C170.91,33.42,165,28.35,157.91,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,157.91,47Zm31.14-18.61a8.37,8.37,0,0,0-7.23,4.16V28.89h-7.43V53.78h7.43V40.61c0-3.78,2-5.06,4.61-5.06s4.33,1.65,4.33,5V53.78h7.44V38.91C198.2,31.82,194.66,28.35,189.05,28.35ZM202.9,53.78h7.39V28.89H202.9Zm3.69-38.43a4.48,4.48,0,0,0-4.65,4.32A4.53,4.53,0,0,0,206.59,24a4.43,4.43,0,0,0,4.55-4.37A4.39,4.39,0,0,0,206.59,15.35Zm-67.67,4h-7.39v9.54H127v5.86h4.54v19h7.39v-19h5.24V28.89h-5.24Zm94.85,9.54v2.77c-1.92-2.77-5.67-3.31-7.27-3.31a12.73,12.73,0,0,0-12.74,13A12.73,12.73,0,0,0,226.5,54.26c1.92,0,5.67-.9,7.27-3.3v2.82h7.39V28.89Zm-6,18.34a5.93,5.93,0,1,1,0-11.84,5.92,5.92,0,1,1,0,11.84Z" />
		</g>
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a></li><li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/" tabindex="-1"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-butoday bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-butoday" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu {
				fill: #cb2026;
			}

			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today {
				fill: #000;
			}
		</style>
	</defs>

	<title>BU Today</title>

	<g data-name="BUToday">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M233.92,36.08l-11.63-17.59c-.44-.69,0-1.53.84-1.53h6.86c.44,0,.69.25.84.47l7.33,10.79,7.33-10.79c.16-.22.37-.47.84-.47h6.86c.84,0,1.28.84.84,1.53l-11.79,17.52v16.81c0,.53-.47,1-1,1h-6.27c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1v-16.75h-.06Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M194.76,52.45l16.5-35.46c.16-.31.53-.59.9-.59h.53c.37,0,.75.25.9.59l16.5,35.46c.31.69-.09,1.37-.9,1.37h-5.83c-.94,0-1.37-.31-1.84-1.31l-1.9-4.15h-14.31l-1.9,4.21c-.25.62-.84,1.28-1.9,1.28h-5.8c-.78,0-1.22-.69-.9-1.37h-.03v-.03ZM216.43,41.2l-3.99-8.7h-.06l-3.96,8.7h8.01Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M178.64,16.97h-12.85c-.53,0-.94.47-.94,1v5.89c2.06,3.46,3.21,7.48,3.21,11.79s-1.18,8.33-3.21,11.79v5.39c0,.53.44,1,.94,1h12.85c10.17,0,18.49-8.26,18.49-18.49s-8.33-18.4-18.49-18.4h0v.03ZM178.57,46.03h-5.52v-21.33h5.52c5.96,0,9.79,4.68,9.79,10.63s-3.84,10.7-9.79,10.7h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M144.83,16.44c10.54,0,18.96,8.48,18.96,19.02s-8.42,18.9-18.96,18.9-18.9-8.39-18.9-18.9,8.39-19.02,18.9-19.02ZM144.83,45.94c5.8,0,10.54-4.74,10.54-10.48s-4.74-10.6-10.54-10.6-10.48,4.8-10.48,10.6,4.74,10.48,10.48,10.48Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M131.11,16.97h-25.63c-.59,0-1,.47-1,1v5.74c0,.53.44,1,1,1h7.55v28.13c0,.53.47,1,1,1h6.33c.53,0,1-.47,1-1v-28.13h3.06c1.65-3.06,3.96-5.71,6.74-7.73h-.03Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M62.39,17.96c0-.53.47-1,1-1h6.49c.59,0,1,.47,1,1v21.95c0,3.84,2.74,6.02,6.49,6.02s6.58-2.15,6.58-6.02v-21.95c0-.53.44-1,1-1h6.49c.53,0,1,.47,1,1v22.39c0,8.01-6.74,14-15.06,14s-14.97-6.02-14.97-14v-22.39h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M52.38,35.08c3.21,1.06,6.95,3.46,6.95,8.58s-5.21,10.17-11.48,10.17h-13.07c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1V17.96c0-.53.44-1,1-1h12.29c6.21,0,11.32,4.27,11.32,9.79s-2.99,7.05-6.02,8.26v.06ZM46.39,31.93c2,0,3.43-1.68,3.43-3.8s-1.43-3.59-3.43-3.59h-4.37v7.36h4.37v.03ZM46.48,46.31c2.62,0,4.12-1.31,4.12-3.8s-1.43-3.74-3.99-3.74h-4.58v7.55h4.49s-.03,0-.03,0Z" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a></li><li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/brink/" tabindex="-1"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-brink bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-the_brink" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-the_brink-the {
			fill: #cb2026;
		}

		.branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink {
			fill: #0c2537;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>The Brink</title>
	<g data-name="The Brink">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-the" d="M88.31,24.74h14.37v4.1h-10v4.48h8.46v4.07H92.64v4.86h7.9l11.84-25L44,17V54L95,53.88l3.56-7.53H88.31Zm-21,4.16H61.57V46.35H56.8V28.9H51V24.74H67.35ZM86,46.35H81.26V37.42H73.82v8.93H69.05V24.74h4.77v8.55h7.44V24.74H86Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" d="M139.9,17.17h14.38c9,0,12.59,3.4,12.59,11.62,0,6-2,9.45-6.54,10.81l7.95,14.32H159l-7.29-13.57h-4.38V53.92L140,54Zm13.51,16.27c4,0,5.35-1.36,5.35-4.65s-1.4-4.7-5.35-4.7h-6v9.35Z" />
		<rect class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" x="170.9" y="17.17" width="7.78" height="36.75" />
		<polygon class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" points="181.97 17.17 190.56 17.17 203.04 40.35 203.04 17.17 210.72 17.17 210.72 53.92 202.99 53.92 189.64 29.17 189.64 53.92 181.97 53.92 181.97 17.17" />
		<polygon class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" points="214.01 17.17 222.11 17.17 222.11 33.22 234.6 17.17 243.89 17.17 232.06 32.25 244.05 53.92 234.81 53.92 226.44 38.68 222.11 44.19 222.11 53.92 214.01 53.92 214.01 17.17" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" d="M131,34.68v-.11c3.57-1.24,5-3.78,5-7.84,0-6.59-3.78-9.56-12.43-9.56h-7.3L108.91,33V53.92h15.82c8.59,0,12.48-3.19,12.48-10.33,0-4.81-1.78-7.67-6.22-8.91M116.93,24h5.84c3.94,0,5.24.92,5.24,3.84s-1.4,3.94-5.67,3.94h-5.41Zm6.38,23h-6.38V38.68h5.73c4.81,0,6.43,1.08,6.43,4.27s-1.46,4.1-5.78,4.1" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a></li>
			</ul>
			<button class="btn-more-publications js-open-publications-menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="publications-nav-grid-list"> <span class="btn-more-publications-label">More Publications</span><span class="btn-more-publications-icon"><span></span></span></button>
		</div>
	</div>
	<nav class="publications-nav-menu" data-collapsed="true" role="navigation" aria-label="Publications Menu" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false">
		<ul class="publications-nav-container" id="publications-nav-grid-list">
			<li>
				<h3 class="publications-nav-subtitle"><span>University Publications</span></h3>
				
					<ul class="publications-grid" style="--publications-list-total-count:3;">

					<li style="--publication-menu-item-count:1;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/bostonia/" tabindex="-1"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-bostonia bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-bostonia" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia {
			fill: #3c333b;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>Bostonia</title>
	<g>
		<g data-name="Bostonia">
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia" d="M67.5,34.16a7.24,7.24,0,0,0,5-6.87c0-6.29-4.28-10.24-10.91-10.24H46.84V53.78H62.68c7.33,0,11.77-5.17,11.77-11.25A8.94,8.94,0,0,0,67.5,34.16ZM54.71,23.93h6.1c2.3,0,3.48,1.55,3.48,3.84a3.48,3.48,0,0,1-3.43,3.78H54.71Zm7.54,23H54.71V38h7.38a4.13,4.13,0,0,1,4.12,4.37C66.21,44.56,64.87,46.91,62.25,46.91ZM89.59,28.35c-7.06,0-13,5.07-13,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,26,0C102.59,33.42,96.65,28.35,89.59,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,89.59,47ZM119,39.28l-4.23-1.12c-1.5-.37-2.14-1.12-2.19-1.86-.06-1.12,1-1.87,2.62-1.87,1.17,0,2.78.32,2.83,2.19h7c0-6.08-5.3-8.27-10.27-8.27-5.24,0-9.68,3.42-9.74,7.09,0,2.3,0,6.08,7.49,8.11l3.27.85c1.81.48,2.46,1.07,2.46,2.13,0,1.28-1.39,2-3,2.08-2,0-3.64-1.44-3.69-2.88h-7c.05,5.55,5.35,8.58,10.43,8.58,5.25,0,10.81-2.5,10.81-7.78C125.81,44.93,125.06,40.93,119,39.28Zm38.89-10.93c-7.06,0-12.95,5.07-12.95,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,25.95,0C170.91,33.42,165,28.35,157.91,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,157.91,47Zm31.14-18.61a8.37,8.37,0,0,0-7.23,4.16V28.89h-7.43V53.78h7.43V40.61c0-3.78,2-5.06,4.61-5.06s4.33,1.65,4.33,5V53.78h7.44V38.91C198.2,31.82,194.66,28.35,189.05,28.35ZM202.9,53.78h7.39V28.89H202.9Zm3.69-38.43a4.48,4.48,0,0,0-4.65,4.32A4.53,4.53,0,0,0,206.59,24a4.43,4.43,0,0,0,4.55-4.37A4.39,4.39,0,0,0,206.59,15.35Zm-67.67,4h-7.39v9.54H127v5.86h4.54v19h7.39v-19h5.24V28.89h-5.24Zm94.85,9.54v2.77c-1.92-2.77-5.67-3.31-7.27-3.31a12.73,12.73,0,0,0-12.74,13A12.73,12.73,0,0,0,226.5,54.26c1.92,0,5.67-.9,7.27-3.3v2.82h7.39V28.89Zm-6,18.34a5.93,5.93,0,1,1,0-11.84,5.92,5.92,0,1,1,0,11.84Z" />
		</g>
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a></li><li style="--publication-menu-item-count:2;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/" tabindex="-1"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-butoday bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-butoday" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu {
				fill: #cb2026;
			}

			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today {
				fill: #000;
			}
		</style>
	</defs>

	<title>BU Today</title>

	<g data-name="BUToday">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M233.92,36.08l-11.63-17.59c-.44-.69,0-1.53.84-1.53h6.86c.44,0,.69.25.84.47l7.33,10.79,7.33-10.79c.16-.22.37-.47.84-.47h6.86c.84,0,1.28.84.84,1.53l-11.79,17.52v16.81c0,.53-.47,1-1,1h-6.27c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1v-16.75h-.06Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M194.76,52.45l16.5-35.46c.16-.31.53-.59.9-.59h.53c.37,0,.75.25.9.59l16.5,35.46c.31.69-.09,1.37-.9,1.37h-5.83c-.94,0-1.37-.31-1.84-1.31l-1.9-4.15h-14.31l-1.9,4.21c-.25.62-.84,1.28-1.9,1.28h-5.8c-.78,0-1.22-.69-.9-1.37h-.03v-.03ZM216.43,41.2l-3.99-8.7h-.06l-3.96,8.7h8.01Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M178.64,16.97h-12.85c-.53,0-.94.47-.94,1v5.89c2.06,3.46,3.21,7.48,3.21,11.79s-1.18,8.33-3.21,11.79v5.39c0,.53.44,1,.94,1h12.85c10.17,0,18.49-8.26,18.49-18.49s-8.33-18.4-18.49-18.4h0v.03ZM178.57,46.03h-5.52v-21.33h5.52c5.96,0,9.79,4.68,9.79,10.63s-3.84,10.7-9.79,10.7h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M144.83,16.44c10.54,0,18.96,8.48,18.96,19.02s-8.42,18.9-18.96,18.9-18.9-8.39-18.9-18.9,8.39-19.02,18.9-19.02ZM144.83,45.94c5.8,0,10.54-4.74,10.54-10.48s-4.74-10.6-10.54-10.6-10.48,4.8-10.48,10.6,4.74,10.48,10.48,10.48Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M131.11,16.97h-25.63c-.59,0-1,.47-1,1v5.74c0,.53.44,1,1,1h7.55v28.13c0,.53.47,1,1,1h6.33c.53,0,1-.47,1-1v-28.13h3.06c1.65-3.06,3.96-5.71,6.74-7.73h-.03Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M62.39,17.96c0-.53.47-1,1-1h6.49c.59,0,1,.47,1,1v21.95c0,3.84,2.74,6.02,6.49,6.02s6.58-2.15,6.58-6.02v-21.95c0-.53.44-1,1-1h6.49c.53,0,1,.47,1,1v22.39c0,8.01-6.74,14-15.06,14s-14.97-6.02-14.97-14v-22.39h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M52.38,35.08c3.21,1.06,6.95,3.46,6.95,8.58s-5.21,10.17-11.48,10.17h-13.07c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1V17.96c0-.53.44-1,1-1h12.29c6.21,0,11.32,4.27,11.32,9.79s-2.99,7.05-6.02,8.26v.06ZM46.39,31.93c2,0,3.43-1.68,3.43-3.8s-1.43-3.59-3.43-3.59h-4.37v7.36h4.37v.03ZM46.48,46.31c2.62,0,4.12-1.31,4.12-3.8s-1.43-3.74-3.99-3.74h-4.58v7.55h4.49s-.03,0-.03,0Z" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a></li><li style="--publication-menu-item-count:3;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/brink/" tabindex="-1"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-brink bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-the_brink" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-the_brink-the {
			fill: #cb2026;
		}

		.branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink {
			fill: #0c2537;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>The Brink</title>
	<g data-name="The Brink">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-the" d="M88.31,24.74h14.37v4.1h-10v4.48h8.46v4.07H92.64v4.86h7.9l11.84-25L44,17V54L95,53.88l3.56-7.53H88.31Zm-21,4.16H61.57V46.35H56.8V28.9H51V24.74H67.35ZM86,46.35H81.26V37.42H73.82v8.93H69.05V24.74h4.77v8.55h7.44V24.74H86Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" d="M139.9,17.17h14.38c9,0,12.59,3.4,12.59,11.62,0,6-2,9.45-6.54,10.81l7.95,14.32H159l-7.29-13.57h-4.38V53.92L140,54Zm13.51,16.27c4,0,5.35-1.36,5.35-4.65s-1.4-4.7-5.35-4.7h-6v9.35Z" />
		<rect class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" x="170.9" y="17.17" width="7.78" height="36.75" />
		<polygon class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" points="181.97 17.17 190.56 17.17 203.04 40.35 203.04 17.17 210.72 17.17 210.72 53.92 202.99 53.92 189.64 29.17 189.64 53.92 181.97 53.92 181.97 17.17" />
		<polygon class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" points="214.01 17.17 222.11 17.17 222.11 33.22 234.6 17.17 243.89 17.17 232.06 32.25 244.05 53.92 234.81 53.92 226.44 38.68 222.11 44.19 222.11 53.92 214.01 53.92 214.01 17.17" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" d="M131,34.68v-.11c3.57-1.24,5-3.78,5-7.84,0-6.59-3.78-9.56-12.43-9.56h-7.3L108.91,33V53.92h15.82c8.59,0,12.48-3.19,12.48-10.33,0-4.81-1.78-7.67-6.22-8.91M116.93,24h5.84c3.94,0,5.24.92,5.24,3.84s-1.4,3.94-5.67,3.94h-5.41Zm6.38,23h-6.38V38.68h5.73c4.81,0,6.43,1.08,6.43,4.27s-1.46,4.1-5.78,4.1" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a></li>					</ul>
							</li>
							<li>
					<h3 class="publications-nav-subtitle"><span>School &amp; College Publications</span></h3>
					<div class="menu-publications-container"><ul id="menu-publications" class="publications-grid publications-grid-additional"><li class="publications-grid-additional-item  menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom" style="--publication-menu-item-count:1;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/cfa/magazine"><div class="editorial-branding bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg editorial-branding-"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="editorial-branding branding-mark-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 602.49 249.24"><path d="M127.48,44.26l3.46-3.65C89.5-2.45,14.69,27.08,15.19,87.16c-.5,60.1,74.57,89.41,115.89,46.33L127.42,130C89.25,169.82,19.71,142.73,20.24,87.15,19.79,31.41,89.13,4.28,127.48,44.26Z"/><path d="M137,141.72C89,189.69,4.51,155.38,5.09,87.15c-.64-68.6,84.32-102.84,132.3-54.36L141,29.22C89.76-22.45-.67,14,0,87.16c-.64,73,90,109.4,141,57.85l-3.65-3.65Z"/><path d="M58.76,45.55a48.55,48.55,0,0,1,58.57,8.79l3.6-3.59C88.34,16.59,29.14,39.56,29.47,87.08c-.42,47.41,59,70.53,91.37,36.31l-3.51-3.5c-20.82,22.75-61.83,18.54-76.5-9-13-22.07-5-53.32,17.93-65.35"/><polygon points="253.35 4.86 253.35 170.42 258.44 170.42 258.44 10.02 368.83 9.94 368.83 4.86 253.35 4.86"/><polygon points="268.54 20.13 268.54 170.42 273.59 170.42 273.59 90.59 353.56 90.59 353.56 85.55 273.59 85.55 273.59 25.17 368.8 25.09 368.8 20.04 268.54 20.13"/><polygon points="282.82 99.6 282.82 170.42 287.87 170.42 287.87 104.65 353.64 104.65 353.64 99.6 282.82 99.6"/><polygon points="282.74 76.59 353.54 76.59 353.54 71.59 287.87 71.59 287.87 39.39 368.8 39.39 368.8 34.32 282.74 34.41 282.74 76.59"/><polygon points="517.76 0 433.48 169.69 433.12 170.42 438.82 170.42 517.76 11.47 596.57 170.14 596.71 170.42 602.49 170.42 517.76 0"/><polygon points="465.48 170.42 471.22 170.42 517.85 77.17 564.47 170.42 570.05 170.42 517.76 65.85 465.48 170.42"/><polygon points="449.57 170.42 455.22 170.42 517.76 45.26 580.39 170.42 586.04 170.42 517.76 34.03 449.57 170.42"/><polygon points="208.51 223.19 205.89 223.19 194.75 244.24 183.61 223.19 180.99 223.19 180.99 248.74 183.88 248.74 183.88 229.6 193.99 248.74 195.55 248.74 205.62 229.6 205.62 248.74 208.51 248.74 208.51 223.19"/><path d="M243.64,248.74,232.2,223.19h-2.79L218,248.74h3.24l2.86-6.48h13.46l2.86,6.48Zm-7.29-9.19h-11.1l5.57-12.63Z"/><path d="M263.08,234.71v2.74h11.29a9.69,9.69,0,0,1-9.84,9,10.27,10.27,0,0,1-10.33-10.21,1.92,1.92,0,0,1,0-.24,10.19,10.19,0,0,1,9.93-10.45h.25a9.84,9.84,0,0,1,9.34,5.53l2.71-1a12.29,12.29,0,0,0-12.05-7.38,13.12,13.12,0,0,0-13.23,13V236a13.14,13.14,0,0,0,13,13.27h.29a12.66,12.66,0,0,0,12.83-12.49c0-.25,0-.5,0-.75s0-.8,0-1.29Z"/><path d="M310.44,248.74,299,223.19h-2.78l-11.44,25.55H288l2.86-6.48h13.46l2.86,6.48Zm-7.28-9.19h-11.1l5.57-12.63Z"/><polygon points="338.47 246.15 323.02 246.15 338.32 225.37 338.32 223.19 319.25 223.19 319.25 225.78 334.43 225.78 318.79 246.84 318.79 248.74 338.47 248.74 338.47 246.15"/><polygon points="356.01 225.89 361.92 225.89 361.92 223.19 347.08 223.19 347.08 225.9 352.99 225.9 352.99 246 347.08 246 347.08 248.74 361.91 248.74 361.91 246 356 246 356.01 225.89"/><polygon points="394.27 223.19 391.24 223.19 391.24 243.71 374.54 223.19 371.95 223.19 371.95 248.74 374.96 248.74 374.96 228.46 391.66 248.74 394.27 248.74 394.27 223.19"/><polygon points="425.3 246 409.66 246 409.66 237.26 424.15 237.26 424.15 234.56 409.66 234.56 409.66 225.9 425.25 225.9 425.25 223.19 406.66 223.19 406.66 248.74 425.31 248.74 425.3 246"/></svg></div></div></a></li>
<li class="publications-grid-additional-item  menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom" style="--publication-menu-item-count:2;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/law/record"><div class="editorial-branding bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg editorial-branding-"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 178.89 46.52" id="the-record-logotype" class="editorial-branding branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-record"><title>The Record</title><defs><style>.cls-1{isolation:isolate;} .the-record-logotype{fill: #262626;}</style></defs><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Layer_1-2" data-name="Layer 1"><path id="Union_2" data-name="Union 2" d="M99.88,41.5a32.31,32.31,0,0,1,.41-4l4.39-28.59.21-1.16c1-6,3.09-7.7,9.76-7.7,6.45,0,8.72,1.44,8.72,5.36a18,18,0,0,1-.21,2.54l-.13,1L118.56,38l-.14.89c-.61,3.92-1.23,5.16-3.09,6.32-1.51,1-3.43,1.31-6.94,1.31C102.07,46.51,99.88,45.28,99.88,41.5ZM112.52,8.59,108,38.34l-.07.27c0,.21-.07.35-.07.55a1.11,1.11,0,0,0,1,1.18h.22c1,0,1.38-.48,1.58-1.78l.07-.35,4.53-29.61a4.1,4.1,0,0,0,.14-1.1,1.14,1.14,0,0,0-1-1.3,1.31,1.31,0,0,0-.28,0C113.13,6.18,112.86,6.66,112.52,8.59ZM73.84,45a4.72,4.72,0,0,1-1.65-3.85,13.3,13.3,0,0,1,.21-2L77.28,7.35c.41-2.88.83-3.78,2-5C80.92.62,82.84,0,86.76,0c6.32,0,9,1.58,9,5.22a8.29,8.29,0,0,1-.14,1.86l-.14,1-1.23,8H86.48l1.17-7.77L87.72,8V7.49c0-.76-.41-1.31-1.1-1.31A1.77,1.77,0,0,0,85,7.76l-.07.62L80.37,37.93a10.29,10.29,0,0,0-.14,1.23,1.05,1.05,0,0,0,1.17,1.17c.89,0,1.44-.62,1.58-1.78l.14-.49,1.65-10.92h7.76L90.67,39.23l-.07.69c-.75,4.6-3.57,6.6-9.48,6.6C77.21,46.51,75.22,46.1,73.84,45Zm91.38,1.17H154.44L161.51.34h10.58c4.47.07,6.8,1.86,6.8,5.23a8.88,8.88,0,0,1-.2,1.85l-.14,1.17L173.88,39.1c-.48,2.88-.82,3.84-1.78,4.94-1.24,1.51-2.89,2.13-5.7,2.13ZM163.16,40h1c1.38,0,1.79-.48,2.06-2.33l.07-.41,4.4-28.65a6.3,6.3,0,0,0,.14-1c0-.75-.41-1.1-1.3-1.1h-1.24Zm-26.1,6.19,2.61-17,.07-.41a4.85,4.85,0,0,0,.14-.76c0-1-.48-1.24-1.86-1.24h-.68l-3,19.45h-7.76L133.63.34h10.92c4.26.07,6.53,1.79,6.53,5.09a6.75,6.75,0,0,1-.14,1.1l-.07.75-1.72,11-.07.41c-.55,3.57-1.1,4.26-4.05,4.95,2,1,2.75,1.85,2.75,3.23a10.52,10.52,0,0,1-.21,1.58v.41l-2.68,17.31Zm1.24-25.63H139c1.52,0,2.13-.55,2.34-2.06l.14-.62,1.37-9.21.07-.48a.83.83,0,0,0,.07-.41A1.1,1.1,0,0,0,142,6.52h-1.61ZM49.17,46.17,56.25.34H69l-1,6.19h-5L61.26,18h5.08l-1,6.18h-5L57.89,40H63l-1,6.18Zm-17.38,0,2.61-17,.07-.41a4.85,4.85,0,0,0,.14-.76c0-1-.48-1.23-1.86-1.23h-.68L29,46.17H21.28L28.36.34H39.28c4.26.07,6.53,1.79,6.53,5.09a5.81,5.81,0,0,1-.14,1.1l-.07.75-1.72,11-.07.41c-.55,3.57-1.1,4.26-4.05,4.95,2,1,2.75,1.85,2.75,3.22a10.35,10.35,0,0,1-.21,1.58v.42L39.62,46.17ZM33,20.54h.68c1.52,0,2.13-.55,2.34-2.06l.14-.62,1.37-9.2.07-.48a.85.85,0,0,0,.07-.42,1.09,1.09,0,0,0-.93-1.23.81.81,0,0,0-.31,0h-1.3Z"/><g id="THE" class="cls-1"><g class="cls-1"><path d="M2.31,1.94H0L.25.42H6.84L6.58,1.94H4.27L3.17,9h-2Z"/><path d="M8.05.42H10L9.44,3.93h3.43L13.44.42h1.94L14,9H12.08l.55-3.54H9.19L8.64,9H6.7Z"/><path d="M17.22.42h5.55l-.24,1.52H18.91l-.31,2h2.91L21.3,5.35H18.38L18,7.49h3.85L21.64,9H15.86Z"/></g></g></g></g></svg></div></div></a></li>
<li class="publications-grid-additional-item  menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom" style="--publication-menu-item-count:3;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/cas/magazine"><div class="editorial-branding bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg editorial-branding-"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="editorial-branding branding-mark-svg" id="uuid-454cfd5e-acf8-4cc6-823f-6223a4fc075a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 484.32 205.33"><defs><style>.uuid-ac554c18-6934-4e0e-b77f-8f5b0c59ae9f{fill:none;}.uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa{fill:#000002;}.uuid-554cd010-fa4b-47f1-8ee1-9eb0981e0deb{clip-path:url(#uuid-a780765f-86a1-4b14-b742-2641514e11e2);}.uuid-c27d0371-5b72-4ecc-a1f0-b0f65ee5f2b6{fill:#e3173e;}</style><clipPath id="uuid-a780765f-86a1-4b14-b742-2641514e11e2"><rect class="uuid-ac554c18-6934-4e0e-b77f-8f5b0c59ae9f" x="-1.78" y="-40.38" width="616.49" height="250.35"/></clipPath></defs><path class="uuid-c27d0371-5b72-4ecc-a1f0-b0f65ee5f2b6" d="M275.1,83.83l24.67-24.67-24.67-24.67,3.59-3.59,24.67,24.67,24.67-24.67,3.59,3.59-24.67,24.67,24.67,24.67-3.59,3.59-24.67-24.67-24.67,24.67-3.59-3.59Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M9.56,94.9L34.88,23.09h14.98l25.32,71.81h-15.95l-5.32-15.95h-24.36l-5.51,15.95h-14.5ZM33.43,67.55h16.82l-8.22-24.36h-.19l-8.41,24.36Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M81.85,94.9V23.38h26.87c17.59,0,28.12,6.28,28.12,22.13,0,11.31-5.32,17.49-14.88,20.39l15.95,28.99h-16.62l-14.88-26.96h-9.08v26.96h-15.46ZM97.32,55.76h10.73c9.08,0,13.43-2.61,13.43-9.86s-4.35-9.67-13.43-9.67h-10.73v19.52Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M161.78,94.9v-58.38h-21.26v-13.14h58.38v13.14h-21.36v58.38h-15.75Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M199.47,78.67l11.89-7.05c3.96,7.83,11.11,12.18,19.33,12.18,7.25,0,12.47-2.71,12.47-8.22s-5.12-7.73-14.5-10.34c-12.76-3.58-26.1-6.86-26.1-21.84,0-13.34,10.44-21.36,25.81-21.36s23.39,7.06,28.42,14.69l-10.92,8.31c-3.77-6.09-10.63-10.15-17.59-10.15s-10.34,2.9-10.34,7.15c0,5.7,5.32,7.73,14.69,10.34,12.56,3.38,25.9,7.34,25.9,22.13,0,11.5-8.7,21.75-28.61,21.75-15.46,0-25.13-7.35-30.44-17.59Z"/><g class="uuid-554cd010-fa4b-47f1-8ee1-9eb0981e0deb"><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M59.52,173.63l2.92-18.29h5.72c.9,14.02,7.29,22.32,18.4,22.32,8.19,0,14.92-4.26,14.92-13.46,0-7.29-4.15-10.99-14.81-16.6-11.22-5.83-16.6-12.45-16.6-22.21,0-14.25,10.99-22.77,25.8-22.77,10.77,0,18.62,3.59,24.01,8.19l-3.25,16.38h-5.27c-1.23-11.11-5.38-18.62-16.04-18.62-8.86,0-13.24,5.16-13.24,12.68,0,6.39,3.7,9.98,12.56,14.58,12.12,6.28,19.63,12.45,19.63,23.67,0,16.15-14.36,24.12-28.38,24.12-12.9,0-22.21-5.61-26.36-9.98Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M135.24,160.17c0,8.3,2.69,15.26,10.21,15.26,6.62,0,11.33-3.14,17.16-9.87l2.69,2.47c-5.27,8.75-13.69,15.59-24.34,15.59-13.01,0-18.96-9.09-18.96-21.43,0-19.86,14.92-40.95,35.11-40.95,8.64,0,13.8,3.81,13.8,10.43,0,4.26-2.92,7.07-6.51,8.3h-3.25c0-7.29-2.02-13.12-7.4-13.12-9.98,0-18.51,18.06-18.51,33.32Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M188.76,168.35c-.56,2.13-1.01,3.93-1.01,4.82,0,1.12.56,1.68,1.57,1.68,2.13,0,5.27-2.47,9.98-8.41l2.69,2.58c-7.07,10.32-12.56,14.58-18.96,14.58-5.16,0-8.41-3.48-8.41-8.53,0-2.69.56-5.5,1.57-9.65l8.3-33.43-7.74-3.93.79-2.8,19.74-4.04h3.14l-11.67,47.12ZM187.75,106.65c0-4.94,3.81-8.97,8.97-8.97,4.82,0,8.19,3.59,8.19,7.85,0,4.94-3.81,8.97-8.97,8.97-4.82,0-8.19-3.59-8.19-7.85Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M220.5,157.36v2.69c0,9.42,4.49,15.59,11.78,15.59,6.62,0,12.23-3.81,17.61-10.21l2.92,2.47c-7.96,11.33-16.27,15.71-25.58,15.71-13.46,0-19.52-10.66-19.52-22.66,0-19.63,15.71-39.71,35-39.71,9.65,0,14.25,5.72,14.25,12.79,0,13.01-17.73,19.07-36.46,23.33ZM220.95,153.66c16.6-4.94,24.68-10.32,24.68-19.29,0-3.93-1.91-7.07-5.83-7.07-8.64,0-16.94,12-18.85,26.36Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M283.78,135.48l-4.6,14.14h.79c7.85-13.57,20.53-28.38,31.3-28.38,5.95,0,8.3,3.37,8.3,8.53,0,1.46-.34,3.48-.67,4.94l-8.97,33.66c-.56,2.13-1.01,3.93-1.01,4.82,0,1.12.56,1.68,1.57,1.68,2.13,0,5.16-2.47,9.98-8.41l2.58,2.58c-6.96,10.32-12.45,14.58-18.85,14.58-5.16,0-8.53-3.48-8.53-8.53,0-2.69.45-5.5,1.57-9.65l8.08-29.17c.34-1.46.56-2.8.56-3.7,0-1.57-.56-2.36-2.02-2.36-6.06,0-22.21,16.6-27.37,36.8l-3.93,15.48h-13.24l12.56-50.48-7.63-3.93.79-2.8,19.18-4.15h3.14l-3.59,14.36Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M341.55,160.17c0,8.3,2.69,15.26,10.21,15.26,6.62,0,11.33-3.14,17.16-9.87l2.69,2.47c-5.27,8.75-13.69,15.59-24.34,15.59-13.01,0-18.96-9.09-18.96-21.43,0-19.86,14.92-40.95,35.11-40.95,8.64,0,13.8,3.81,13.8,10.43,0,4.26-2.92,7.07-6.51,8.3h-3.25c0-7.29-2.02-13.12-7.4-13.12-9.98,0-18.51,18.06-18.51,33.32Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M391.36,157.36v2.69c0,9.42,4.49,15.59,11.78,15.59,6.62,0,12.23-3.81,17.61-10.21l2.92,2.47c-7.97,11.33-16.27,15.71-25.58,15.71-13.46,0-19.52-10.66-19.52-22.66,0-19.63,15.71-39.71,35-39.71,9.65,0,14.25,5.72,14.25,12.79,0,13.01-17.72,19.07-36.46,23.33ZM391.81,153.66c16.6-4.94,24.68-10.32,24.68-19.29,0-3.93-1.91-7.07-5.83-7.07-8.64,0-16.94,12-18.85,26.36Z"/><path class="uuid-42837e11-eeb9-4941-9297-9a3264391baa" d="M456.76,170.6c0-8.53-21.09-17.5-21.09-30.74,0-10.66,8.97-18.62,21.32-18.62,8.86,0,14.92,4.26,14.92,10.55,0,2.92-2.58,5.05-5.27,6.17h-1.91c-2.47-6.62-6.39-10.88-11.89-10.88-4.94,0-7.4,2.47-7.4,6.73,0,7.63,21.76,17.73,21.76,30.51,0,11.89-10.21,19.3-21.76,19.3s-18.4-5.38-18.4-12.23c0-3.59,2.24-6.39,5.5-7.74h1.68c2.58,8.64,7.29,14.47,14.47,14.47,5.27,0,8.08-2.8,8.08-7.52Z"/></g></svg></div></div></a></li>
<li class="publications-grid-additional-item  menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom" style="--publication-menu-item-count:4;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/sargent/about-us/our-publications/inside-sargent/"><div class="editorial-branding bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg editorial-branding-"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="editorial-branding branding-mark-svg" id="uuid-76be2f84-dc9b-4665-ae9d-e6250afd3bb2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 567.01 121.99"><defs><style>.uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253{fill:#11415e;}.uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863{fill:#545454;}.uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad{fill:#3a3a3a;}</style></defs><path class="uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253" d="M16.5,81.92h4.45c1.42,0,2.76-1.6,2.76-2.85v-44.95c0-1.33-1.33-2.94-2.76-2.94h-4.45v-5.87h24.74v5.87h-4.45c-1.42,0-2.76,1.6-2.76,2.94v44.95c0,1.25,1.33,2.85,2.76,2.85h4.45v5.7h-24.74v-5.7Z"/><path class="uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253" d="M43.91,81.92h3.47c1.16,0,2.4-1.25,2.4-2.4v-29.99c0-1.07-1.25-2.49-2.4-2.49h-3.83v-6.05h13.62c1.33,0,2.31,1.25,2.23,5.7v1.25c4.63-4.27,11.13-7.48,18.33-7.48,6.68,0,12.19,2.4,12.19,11.57v27.5c0,1.25,1.25,2.4,2.31,2.4h2.94v5.7h-21.27v-5.7h6.41v-26.7c0-5.79-2.58-7.21-7.3-7.21-4.98,0-9.61,2.05-13.62,4.45v29.46h6.5v5.7h-21.98v-5.7Z"/><path class="uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253" d="M98.29,85.48v-9.7h5.79c1.07,4.36,4.09,6.14,10.32,6.14s10.32-2.31,10.32-7.12c0-4.36-3.2-5.61-11.13-6.85-9.61-1.42-14.6-4.45-14.6-13.71,0-8.72,6.68-13.8,17.8-13.8,7.39,0,11.93,1.07,15.31,2.31v9.26h-5.61c-.98-3.47-3.56-5.16-10.06-5.16-5.7,0-9.08,2.31-9.08,6.14,0,4.09,2.49,5.52,10.59,6.76,10.68,1.6,15.67,4.45,15.67,13.71s-6.23,14.69-19.14,14.69c-8.37,0-12.82-1.33-16.2-2.67Z"/><path class="uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253" d="M136.74,81.92h3.47c1.16,0,2.4-1.25,2.4-2.4v-29.99c0-1.07-1.16-2.49-2.31-2.49h-3.92v-6.05h14.06c1.25,0,1.78,1.07,1.78,4.09v34.44c0,1.25,1.25,2.4,2.4,2.4h3.47v5.7h-21.36v-5.7ZM141.63,30.65c0-3.03,2.4-5.43,5.52-5.43s5.52,2.4,5.52,5.43-2.49,5.43-5.52,5.43-5.52-2.4-5.52-5.43Z"/><path class="uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253" d="M158.81,64.83c0-17.8,11.04-24.39,20.38-24.39,6.94,0,11.3,2.49,14.33,5.52v-14.77h-6.76v-5.87h14.6c1.25,0,1.78.89,1.78,2.4v51.71c0,1.16,1.25,2.49,2.4,2.49h3.47v5.7h-13.44c-1.07,0-1.78-1.33-1.87-6.41-3.29,3.83-8.37,6.94-15.49,6.94-9.43,0-19.4-5.43-19.4-23.32ZM193.52,75.96v-24.83c-2.94-2.31-6.41-3.92-11.21-3.92-6.85,0-13.53,3.74-13.53,17.36s6.23,17.62,12.19,17.62c5.61,0,9.43-2.85,12.55-6.23Z"/><path class="uuid-295b9d1e-7b26-40eb-a0af-2437646e5253" d="M208.56,64.47c0-14.77,9.17-24.03,22.7-24.03s20.65,6.85,20.65,22.43c0,1.33-.09,2.58-.09,2.94h-33.2c.36,10.86,5.07,16.2,14.33,16.2,6.59,0,9.61-2.31,12.02-5.25h5.52v6.59c-3.65,2.4-8.9,4.81-18.25,4.81-15.67,0-23.68-9.08-23.68-23.68ZM242.2,60.02c-.36-9.88-4.18-13.62-10.95-13.62s-11.57,4.45-12.46,13.62h23.41Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M265.43,85.3c-.62,0-1.16.98-1.33,2.31h-6.76v-18.16h7.03l.89,7.57c3.12,3.03,6.32,4.72,12.99,4.72,7.12,0,11.84-3.29,11.84-10.15,0-8.46-6.23-9.43-15.31-11.93-10.95-3.03-16.38-7.57-16.38-18.16,0-11.21,8.28-16.82,19.76-16.82,6.32,0,9.43,1.69,11.21,2.58.62,0,1.25-1.07,1.33-1.96h6.5v16.47h-6.85l-.89-6.23c-2.23-2.14-5.25-4.27-11.3-4.27-6.5,0-10.95,2.49-10.95,9.26,0,7.3,5.7,8.54,14.24,10.86,11.93,3.2,17.98,7.03,17.98,18.51s-7.3,18.33-21.01,18.33c-7.03,0-10.59-1.6-12.99-2.94Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M303.35,74.26c0-9.61,7.65-14.15,18.42-14.15,4.18,0,7.39.44,10.68,1.25v-6.14c0-5.96-3.47-8.1-9.43-8.1s-9.61,2.14-12.11,4.36h-4.45v-7.39c4.01-1.96,9.7-3.65,18.25-3.65,10.95,0,17.36,3.47,17.36,13.8v24.83c0,1.78,1.16,2.85,2.85,2.85h2.4v4.81c-1.25.8-3.47,1.42-6.14,1.42-5.07,0-7.74-2.05-8.46-6.32-3.47,4.27-8.01,6.32-14.24,6.32-8.9,0-15.13-4.63-15.13-13.88ZM332.45,76.85v-10.15c-2.67-.53-5.61-.89-8.72-.89-6.76,0-10.86,2.4-10.86,8.19s3.2,8.01,8.63,8.01c4.9,0,8.1-2.14,10.95-5.16Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M349.8,81.92h3.47c1.16,0,2.4-1.25,2.4-2.4v-29.99c0-1.07-1.25-2.49-2.4-2.49h-3.83v-6.05h13.62c1.33,0,2.22,1.16,2.22,6.23v1.51c3.29-4.18,7.39-8.1,13.88-8.1,1.07,0,1.96.18,2.67.36v7.92h-1.87c-7.12,0-11.21,1.69-14.69,4.72v28.3h7.39v5.7h-22.87v-5.7Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M380.15,91.89c0-5.43,3.83-8.37,8.1-10.5-2.05-1.07-3.65-3.2-3.65-6.32,0-3.74,1.96-6.41,4.72-8.63-3.38-2.49-5.43-6.32-5.43-11.04,0-8.81,6.76-14.95,17.8-14.95,2.05,0,4.01.18,5.79.53h16.02v6.05h-4c-.89,0-1.96.71-1.96,1.6,1.34,1.87,2.05,4.18,2.05,6.76,0,8.63-6.85,14.42-17.89,14.42-3.47,0-6.23-.53-8.63-1.51-.8,1.16-1.25,2.49-1.25,3.92,0,2.31,1.51,3.29,4.36,3.29h13.08c9.26,0,14.15,3.65,14.15,11.57,0,9.17-6.41,15.84-23.59,15.84-14.24,0-19.67-4.63-19.67-11.04ZM414.33,89.13c0-3.65-2.05-5.25-7.21-5.25h-15.13c-1.96,1.6-3.12,3.38-3.12,6.05,0,4.18,2.49,6.85,11.39,6.85,9.79,0,14.06-3.29,14.06-7.65ZM410.68,55.4c0-5.52-3.2-8.99-8.99-8.99s-8.9,3.47-8.9,8.99,3.2,8.81,8.9,8.81,8.99-3.38,8.99-8.81Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M424.65,64.47c0-14.77,9.17-24.03,22.7-24.03s20.65,6.85,20.65,22.43c0,1.33-.09,2.58-.09,2.94h-33.2c.36,10.86,5.07,16.2,14.33,16.2,6.59,0,9.61-2.31,12.02-5.25h5.52v6.59c-3.65,2.4-8.9,4.81-18.25,4.81-15.66,0-23.67-9.08-23.67-23.68ZM458.29,60.02c-.36-9.88-4.18-13.62-10.95-13.62s-11.57,4.45-12.46,13.62h23.41Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M470.22,81.92h3.47c1.16,0,2.4-1.25,2.4-2.4v-29.99c0-1.07-1.25-2.49-2.4-2.49h-3.83v-6.05h13.62c1.33,0,2.31,1.25,2.22,5.7v1.25c4.63-4.27,11.13-7.48,18.33-7.48,6.68,0,12.19,2.4,12.19,11.57v27.5c0,1.25,1.25,2.4,2.31,2.4h2.94v5.7h-21.27v-5.7h6.41v-26.7c0-5.79-2.58-7.21-7.3-7.21-4.98,0-9.61,2.05-13.62,4.45v29.46h6.5v5.7h-21.98v-5.7Z"/><path class="uuid-e1b358bd-5824-4374-bc2e-a5144808a3ad" d="M528.34,76.58v-29.55h-5.96v-6.05h5.96v-12.55h9.61v12.55h10.59v6.05h-10.59v28.48c0,5.25,1.78,6.41,6.5,6.41h4.72v5.16c-1.69.62-4.45,1.16-7.74,1.16-8.28,0-13.08-2.94-13.08-11.66Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M22.82,102.86h-2.18v-7.59h2.21c1.71,0,2.52.77,2.52,1.97,0,.79-.44,1.31-1.1,1.58.85.26,1.41.81,1.41,1.83,0,1.5-1.08,2.21-2.86,2.21ZM22.77,96.38h-.74v2.01h.67c.86,0,1.31-.38,1.31-1.03,0-.6-.36-.98-1.24-.98ZM22.79,99.42h-.76v2.32h.78c.92,0,1.46-.38,1.46-1.14s-.52-1.18-1.49-1.18Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M28.98,102.97c-1.44,0-2.49-1.03-2.49-2.76s1.06-2.77,2.5-2.77,2.51,1.04,2.51,2.77-1.07,2.76-2.52,2.76ZM28.98,98.51c-.78,0-1.2.7-1.2,1.69s.43,1.68,1.2,1.68c.81,0,1.23-.69,1.23-1.68s-.44-1.69-1.23-1.69Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M34.35,102.97c-.77,0-1.56-.24-2.07-.52l.18-1.1c.57.37,1.28.63,1.94.63.57,0,.88-.21.88-.56,0-.37-.23-.53-1.08-.74-1.29-.33-1.83-.7-1.83-1.67s.73-1.57,1.96-1.57c.69,0,1.33.14,1.86.37l-.18,1.1c-.53-.3-1.16-.48-1.68-.48-.5,0-.74.2-.74.48s.2.45.99.66c1.38.35,1.91.73,1.91,1.73s-.75,1.67-2.15,1.67Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M39.56,102.94c-1.04,0-1.75-.38-1.75-1.59v-2.73h-.75v-1.08h.75v-1.68l1.3-.2v1.88h1.09l.17,1.08h-1.25v2.51c0,.43.2.66.7.66.15,0,.3-.01.42-.04l.17,1.11c-.21.04-.45.09-.84.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M43.56,102.97c-1.44,0-2.49-1.03-2.49-2.76s1.06-2.77,2.5-2.77,2.51,1.04,2.51,2.77-1.07,2.76-2.52,2.76ZM43.56,98.51c-.78,0-1.2.7-1.2,1.69s.43,1.68,1.2,1.68c.81,0,1.23-.69,1.23-1.68s-.44-1.69-1.23-1.69Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M50.36,102.86v-3.48c0-.46-.2-.78-.68-.78-.42,0-.83.26-1.21.67v3.59h-1.32v-5.31h1.12l.12.75c.5-.47,1.06-.86,1.77-.86.99,0,1.52.61,1.52,1.6v3.83h-1.32Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M58.44,102.99c-1.84,0-3.04-1.09-3.04-3.07v-4.65h1.45v4.58c0,1.16.53,1.88,1.6,1.88s1.62-.68,1.62-1.85v-4.61h1.46v4.62c0,2.01-1.25,3.1-3.09,3.1Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M66.13,102.86v-3.48c0-.46-.2-.78-.68-.78-.42,0-.83.26-1.21.67v3.59h-1.32v-5.31h1.12l.12.75c.5-.47,1.06-.86,1.77-.86.99,0,1.52.61,1.52,1.6v3.83h-1.32Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M69.5,96.65c-.44,0-.79-.31-.79-.75s.35-.77.79-.77.78.32.78.77-.35.75-.78.75ZM68.83,102.86v-5.31h1.32v5.31h-1.32Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M74.21,102.89h-1.31l-1.84-5.25,1.39-.18,1.17,3.77,1.14-3.7h1.32l-1.87,5.35Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M79.08,102.97c-1.48,0-2.6-.85-2.6-2.76,0-1.73,1.03-2.77,2.42-2.77,1.6,0,2.31,1.2,2.31,2.71,0,.11-.01.24-.01.32h-3.42c.07,1.04.63,1.49,1.44,1.49.68,0,1.24-.25,1.83-.66l.15,1.03c-.57.4-1.27.65-2.12.65ZM77.8,99.63h2.12c-.09-.83-.42-1.29-1.06-1.29-.53,0-.97.43-1.07,1.29Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M83.6,99.81v3.05h-1.32v-5.31h1.12l.17,1.07c.35-.62.88-1.13,1.71-1.18l.21,1.31c-.83.05-1.51.5-1.88,1.07Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M88.05,102.97c-.77,0-1.56-.24-2.07-.52l.18-1.1c.57.37,1.28.63,1.94.63.57,0,.88-.21.88-.56,0-.37-.23-.53-1.08-.74-1.29-.33-1.83-.7-1.83-1.67s.73-1.57,1.96-1.57c.69,0,1.33.14,1.86.37l-.18,1.1c-.53-.3-1.16-.48-1.68-.48-.5,0-.74.2-.74.48s.2.45.99.66c1.38.35,1.91.73,1.91,1.73s-.75,1.67-2.15,1.67Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M91.96,96.65c-.44,0-.79-.31-.79-.75s.35-.77.79-.77.78.32.78.77-.35.75-.78.75ZM91.29,102.86v-5.31h1.32v5.31h-1.32Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M96.03,102.94c-1.04,0-1.75-.38-1.75-1.59v-2.73h-.75v-1.08h.75v-1.68l1.3-.2v1.88h1.09l.17,1.08h-1.25v2.51c0,.43.2.66.7.66.15,0,.3-.01.42-.04l.17,1.11c-.21.04-.45.09-.84.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M100.35,103.2c-.45,1.28-1.07,1.66-2.02,1.66-.29,0-.42-.02-.54-.05l-.18-1.11c.17.04.35.08.58.08.42,0,.73-.18.94-.67l.08-.22-1.93-5.24,1.38-.18,1.23,3.77,1.17-3.7h1.33l-2.04,5.65Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M108.98,103c-2.06,0-3.44-1.58-3.44-3.93s1.41-3.95,3.5-3.95c.86,0,1.56.25,2.13.65l-.12.77c-.59-.44-1.25-.74-2.02-.74-1.67,0-2.71,1.32-2.71,3.25s1.05,3.26,2.7,3.26c.81,0,1.55-.32,2.17-.79l.11.73c-.57.43-1.41.76-2.31.76Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M114.61,102.97c-1.33,0-2.33-.99-2.33-2.71s1.02-2.72,2.33-2.72,2.37.99,2.37,2.72-1.03,2.71-2.37,2.71ZM114.61,98.16c-.97,0-1.6.79-1.6,2.1s.65,2.09,1.6,2.09,1.62-.79,1.62-2.09-.64-2.1-1.62-2.1Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M118.4,102.86v-7.77l.71-.13v7.9h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M120.95,102.86v-7.77l.71-.13v7.9h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M125.43,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM123.84,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M130.56,104.84c-1.34,0-2.38-.45-2.38-1.35,0-.53.41-.98,1.19-1.38-.26-.17-.39-.35-.39-.55,0-.26.18-.48.52-.69-.57-.29-.96-.84-.96-1.55,0-1.1.91-1.77,1.93-1.77.52,0,.97.15,1.32.44l1.3-.42.12.72-1.04.11c.18.26.27.57.27.92,0,1.1-.91,1.77-1.95,1.77-.15,0-.31-.01-.46-.04-.22.12-.33.25-.33.37,0,.21.21.29,1.17.46l.38.08c1.16.21,1.78.55,1.78,1.32,0,1-1.13,1.56-2.48,1.56ZM129.94,102.34c-.71.33-1.04.68-1.04,1.1,0,.54.68.85,1.71.85s1.74-.41,1.74-.92c0-.41-.33-.63-1.25-.8l-.51-.09c-.26-.06-.44-.08-.64-.13ZM130.47,98.08c-.74,0-1.21.54-1.21,1.25,0,.67.47,1.21,1.23,1.21s1.23-.53,1.23-1.23-.51-1.23-1.25-1.23Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M136.18,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM134.59,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M143.99,102.97c-1.33,0-2.33-.99-2.33-2.71s1.02-2.72,2.33-2.72,2.37.99,2.37,2.72-1.03,2.71-2.37,2.71ZM143.99,98.16c-.97,0-1.6.79-1.6,2.1s.65,2.09,1.6,2.09,1.62-.79,1.62-2.09-.64-2.1-1.62-2.1Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M149.51,95.65c-.5,0-.79.23-.79.8v1.2h1.07l.1.62h-1.17v4.59h-.72v-4.59h-.79v-.62h.79v-1.25c0-.96.57-1.4,1.46-1.4.17,0,.26.01.37.02l.11.67c-.1-.02-.24-.04-.44-.04Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M158.57,102.86v-3.63h-4.21v3.63h-.76v-7.59h.76v3.28h4.21v-3.28h.76v7.59h-.76Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M163.19,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM161.59,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M169.71,102.86l-.12-.69c-.48.45-1.09.8-1.84.8-.9,0-1.55-.5-1.55-1.42,0-1.22.99-1.79,3.34-2.02v-.34c0-.7-.42-1-1.08-1-.62,0-1.22.19-1.79.46l-.1-.65c.6-.26,1.2-.45,1.94-.45,1.15,0,1.75.54,1.75,1.61v3.71h-.55ZM169.54,100.09c-2.05.21-2.62.7-2.62,1.41,0,.56.39.85.94.85s1.18-.31,1.68-.78v-1.47Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M171.96,102.86v-7.77l.71-.13v7.9h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M176.03,102.94c-.81,0-1.35-.32-1.35-1.28v-3.4h-.8v-.62h.8v-1.8l.72-.12v1.92h1.2l.1.62h-1.3v3.28c0,.53.21.76.77.76.17,0,.36-.03.48-.06l.11.61c-.15.04-.42.09-.73.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M181.41,102.86v-3.59c0-.67-.31-1.08-.97-1.08-.55,0-1.11.34-1.68.9v3.76h-.73v-7.77l.73-.13v3.43c.54-.47,1.12-.85,1.83-.85,1.03,0,1.55.59,1.55,1.58v3.73h-.73Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M191.96,102.92l-1.21-1.21c-.64.83-1.5,1.27-2.5,1.27-1.49,0-2.41-.81-2.41-2.05,0-1.13.76-1.83,1.82-2.31-.54-.56-.8-1.02-.8-1.72,0-.98.75-1.76,1.98-1.76.67,0,1.27.18,1.79.47l-.14.76c-.57-.36-1.14-.57-1.67-.57-.77,0-1.2.46-1.2,1.07,0,.54.23.92.8,1.51l2.22,2.24c.29-.57.5-1.3.63-2.19l.69.14c-.18,1.01-.45,1.86-.83,2.54l1.61,1.62-.78.19ZM190.28,101.24l-2.18-2.17c-.95.4-1.48,1-1.48,1.79,0,.84.67,1.46,1.65,1.46.77,0,1.47-.34,2.01-1.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M200.5,102.93l-2.42-3.39h-1v3.31h-.76v-7.59h1.93c1.51,0,2.44.78,2.44,2.09,0,1.18-.78,1.87-1.77,2.09l2.38,3.32-.79.17ZM198.2,95.94h-1.12v2.96h.99c1.13,0,1.85-.54,1.85-1.5s-.58-1.46-1.72-1.46Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M204.19,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM202.6,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M210.91,102.86v-3.59c0-.67-.31-1.08-.97-1.08-.55,0-1.11.34-1.68.9v3.76h-.73v-7.77l.73-.13v3.43c.54-.47,1.12-.85,1.83-.85,1.03,0,1.55.59,1.55,1.58v3.73h-.73Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M216.44,102.86l-.12-.69c-.48.45-1.09.8-1.84.8-.9,0-1.55-.5-1.55-1.42,0-1.22.99-1.79,3.34-2.02v-.34c0-.7-.42-1-1.08-1-.62,0-1.22.19-1.79.46l-.1-.65c.6-.26,1.2-.45,1.94-.45,1.15,0,1.75.54,1.75,1.61v3.71h-.55ZM216.27,100.09c-2.05.21-2.62.7-2.62,1.41,0,.56.39.85.94.85s1.18-.31,1.68-.78v-1.47Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M220.49,102.92c-.73,0-1.31-.14-1.89-.34v-7.49l.73-.13v3.38c.37-.41.88-.79,1.61-.79,1.13,0,2.09.83,2.09,2.56,0,1.9-1.09,2.82-2.53,2.82ZM220.86,98.19c-.58,0-1.07.36-1.53.9v2.99c.33.13.67.21,1.2.21,1.03,0,1.76-.67,1.76-2.16,0-1.26-.6-1.95-1.43-1.95Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M224.82,96.41c-.29,0-.53-.24-.53-.53s.24-.53.53-.53.52.24.52.53-.23.53-.52.53ZM224.45,102.86v-5.2h.71v5.2h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M227,102.86v-7.77l.71-.13v7.9h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M229.91,96.41c-.29,0-.53-.24-.53-.53s.24-.53.53-.53.52.24.52.53-.23.53-.52.53ZM229.55,102.86v-5.2h.71v5.2h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M233.62,102.94c-.81,0-1.35-.32-1.35-1.28v-3.4h-.8v-.62h.8v-1.8l.72-.12v1.92h1.2l.1.62h-1.3v3.28c0,.53.21.76.77.76.17,0,.36-.03.48-.06l.11.61c-.15.04-.42.09-.73.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M238.8,102.86l-.12-.69c-.48.45-1.09.8-1.84.8-.9,0-1.55-.5-1.55-1.42,0-1.22.99-1.79,3.34-2.02v-.34c0-.7-.42-1-1.08-1-.62,0-1.22.19-1.79.46l-.1-.65c.6-.26,1.2-.45,1.94-.45,1.15,0,1.75.54,1.75,1.61v3.71h-.55ZM238.63,100.09c-2.05.21-2.62.7-2.62,1.41,0,.56.39.85.94.85s1.18-.31,1.68-.78v-1.47Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M242.57,102.94c-.81,0-1.35-.32-1.35-1.28v-3.4h-.8v-.62h.8v-1.8l.72-.12v1.92h1.2l.1.62h-1.3v3.28c0,.53.21.76.77.76.17,0,.36-.03.48-.06l.11.61c-.15.04-.42.09-.73.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M245.01,96.41c-.29,0-.53-.24-.53-.53s.24-.53.53-.53.52.24.52.53-.23.53-.52.53ZM244.65,102.86v-5.2h.71v5.2h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M249.13,102.97c-1.33,0-2.33-.99-2.33-2.71s1.02-2.72,2.33-2.72,2.37.99,2.37,2.72-1.03,2.71-2.37,2.71ZM249.13,98.16c-.97,0-1.6.79-1.6,2.1s.65,2.09,1.6,2.09,1.62-.79,1.62-2.09-.64-2.1-1.62-2.1Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M256.21,102.86v-3.59c0-.67-.31-1.08-.97-1.08-.55,0-1.11.34-1.68.9v3.76h-.73v-5.2h.56l.12.77c.57-.51,1.17-.88,1.87-.88,1.03,0,1.55.59,1.55,1.59v3.72h-.73Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M262.84,102.94c-.81,0-1.51-.21-2.01-.47l.11-.77c.46.3,1.17.57,1.94.57.89,0,1.56-.51,1.56-1.36,0-.75-.37-1.12-1.53-1.63-1.45-.64-1.98-1.12-1.98-2.19,0-1.14.92-1.91,2.18-1.91.72,0,1.28.17,1.67.4l-.11.76c-.43-.29-.96-.48-1.6-.48-.89,0-1.39.54-1.39,1.2s.36,1.01,1.53,1.53c1.41.62,1.98,1.17,1.98,2.28,0,1.3-1.02,2.09-2.35,2.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M268.65,102.97c-1.33,0-2.35-.99-2.35-2.71s1.06-2.72,2.4-2.72c.7,0,1.26.23,1.67.53l-.12.73c-.48-.41-.97-.63-1.57-.63-.95,0-1.64.75-1.64,2.08s.7,2.08,1.68,2.08c.55,0,1.07-.17,1.6-.62l.1.67c-.48.37-1.04.58-1.76.58Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M272.14,96.41c-.29,0-.53-.24-.53-.53s.24-.53.53-.53.52.24.52.53-.23.53-.52.53ZM271.78,102.86v-5.2h.71v5.2h-.71Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M276.26,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM274.67,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M283,102.86v-3.59c0-.67-.31-1.08-.97-1.08-.55,0-1.11.34-1.68.9v3.76h-.73v-5.2h.56l.12.77c.57-.51,1.17-.88,1.87-.88,1.03,0,1.55.59,1.55,1.59v3.72h-.73Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M287.37,102.97c-1.33,0-2.35-.99-2.35-2.71s1.06-2.72,2.4-2.72c.7,0,1.26.23,1.67.53l-.12.73c-.48-.41-.97-.63-1.57-.63-.95,0-1.64.75-1.64,2.08s.7,2.08,1.68,2.08c.55,0,1.07-.17,1.6-.62l.1.67c-.48.37-1.04.58-1.76.58Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M292.36,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM290.76,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M297.23,102.95c-.69,0-1.42-.22-1.87-.47l.12-.7c.48.31,1.12.56,1.82.56s1.18-.31,1.18-.84-.31-.75-1.34-1.02c-1.16-.3-1.65-.67-1.65-1.53s.69-1.41,1.77-1.41c.62,0,1.16.14,1.62.35l-.12.69c-.47-.25-1-.41-1.52-.41-.71,0-1.06.31-1.06.74s.29.65,1.17.88c1.23.33,1.83.73,1.83,1.65s-.74,1.51-1.94,1.51Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M300.48,98.73v-1.08h.86v1.08h-.86ZM300.48,102.86v-1.08h.86v1.08h-.86Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M307.27,102.94c-.81,0-1.51-.21-2.01-.47l.11-.77c.46.3,1.17.57,1.94.57.89,0,1.56-.51,1.56-1.36,0-.75-.37-1.12-1.53-1.63-1.45-.64-1.98-1.12-1.98-2.19,0-1.14.92-1.91,2.18-1.91.71,0,1.28.17,1.67.4l-.11.76c-.43-.29-.96-.48-1.6-.48-.89,0-1.39.54-1.39,1.2s.36,1.01,1.53,1.53c1.41.62,1.98,1.17,1.98,2.28,0,1.3-1.02,2.09-2.35,2.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M314.22,102.86l-.12-.69c-.48.45-1.09.8-1.84.8-.9,0-1.55-.5-1.55-1.42,0-1.22.99-1.79,3.34-2.02v-.34c0-.7-.42-1-1.08-1-.62,0-1.22.19-1.79.46l-.1-.65c.6-.26,1.2-.45,1.94-.45,1.16,0,1.75.54,1.75,1.61v3.71h-.55ZM314.06,100.09c-2.05.21-2.62.7-2.62,1.41,0,.56.38.85.94.85s1.18-.31,1.68-.78v-1.47Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M317.12,99.59v3.27h-.73v-5.2h.54l.17,1.07c.39-.58.99-1.16,1.85-1.18l.12.68c-.86.06-1.6.67-1.95,1.36Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M321.85,104.84c-1.34,0-2.38-.45-2.38-1.35,0-.53.41-.98,1.19-1.38-.26-.17-.38-.35-.38-.55,0-.26.18-.48.52-.69-.57-.29-.96-.84-.96-1.55,0-1.1.91-1.77,1.92-1.77.52,0,.97.15,1.32.44l1.3-.42.12.72-1.05.11c.18.26.28.57.28.92,0,1.1-.91,1.77-1.95,1.77-.15,0-.31-.01-.46-.04-.22.12-.33.25-.33.37,0,.21.21.29,1.17.46l.38.08c1.16.21,1.78.55,1.78,1.32,0,1-1.13,1.56-2.48,1.56ZM321.23,102.34c-.72.33-1.05.68-1.05,1.1,0,.54.68.85,1.71.85s1.74-.41,1.74-.92c0-.41-.33-.63-1.25-.8l-.51-.09c-.26-.06-.44-.08-.64-.13ZM321.76,98.08c-.74,0-1.21.54-1.21,1.25,0,.67.47,1.21,1.23,1.21s1.23-.53,1.23-1.23-.51-1.23-1.25-1.23Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M327.47,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM325.87,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M334.19,102.86v-3.59c0-.67-.31-1.08-.97-1.08-.55,0-1.11.34-1.68.9v3.76h-.73v-5.2h.56l.12.77c.57-.51,1.17-.88,1.87-.88,1.03,0,1.55.59,1.55,1.59v3.72h-.73Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M338.14,102.94c-.81,0-1.35-.32-1.35-1.28v-3.4h-.8v-.62h.8v-1.8l.71-.12v1.92h1.2l.1.62h-1.3v3.28c0,.53.21.76.77.76.17,0,.36-.03.48-.06l.11.61c-.15.04-.42.09-.73.09Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M345.86,103c-2.06,0-3.44-1.58-3.44-3.93s1.41-3.95,3.5-3.95c.86,0,1.56.25,2.13.65l-.12.77c-.59-.44-1.25-.74-2.02-.74-1.67,0-2.71,1.32-2.71,3.25s1.04,3.26,2.7,3.26c.81,0,1.55-.32,2.17-.79l.11.73c-.57.43-1.41.76-2.31.76Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M351.49,102.97c-1.33,0-2.33-.99-2.33-2.71s1.02-2.72,2.33-2.72,2.37.99,2.37,2.72-1.03,2.71-2.37,2.71ZM351.49,98.16c-.97,0-1.59.79-1.59,2.1s.65,2.09,1.59,2.09,1.62-.79,1.62-2.09-.64-2.1-1.62-2.1Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M355.29,102.86v-7.77l.72-.13v7.9h-.72Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M357.83,102.86v-7.77l.72-.13v7.9h-.72Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M362.33,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM360.73,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M367.45,104.84c-1.34,0-2.38-.45-2.38-1.35,0-.53.41-.98,1.19-1.38-.26-.17-.38-.35-.38-.55,0-.26.18-.48.52-.69-.57-.29-.96-.84-.96-1.55,0-1.1.91-1.77,1.92-1.77.52,0,.97.15,1.32.44l1.3-.42.12.72-1.05.11c.18.26.28.57.28.92,0,1.1-.91,1.77-1.95,1.77-.15,0-.31-.01-.46-.04-.22.12-.33.25-.33.37,0,.21.21.29,1.17.46l.38.08c1.16.21,1.78.55,1.78,1.32,0,1-1.13,1.56-2.48,1.56ZM366.84,102.34c-.72.33-1.05.68-1.05,1.1,0,.54.68.85,1.71.85s1.74-.41,1.74-.92c0-.41-.33-.63-1.25-.8l-.51-.09c-.26-.06-.44-.08-.64-.13ZM367.36,98.08c-.74,0-1.21.54-1.21,1.25,0,.67.47,1.21,1.23,1.21s1.23-.53,1.23-1.23-.51-1.23-1.25-1.23Z"/><path class="uuid-1374397c-9eaf-4710-a6e0-ff53d6ec5863" d="M373.06,102.97c-1.36,0-2.34-.92-2.34-2.72,0-1.67.95-2.71,2.23-2.71,1.41,0,2.11,1.17,2.11,2.61v.15h-3.62c.02,1.29.62,2.04,1.66,2.04.69,0,1.3-.31,1.84-.77l.11.66c-.52.44-1.19.74-1.99.74ZM371.47,99.73h2.85c-.07-.94-.53-1.61-1.38-1.61-.76,0-1.33.56-1.47,1.61Z"/></svg></div></div></a></li>
<li class="publications-grid-additional-item  menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom" style="--publication-menu-item-count:5;"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/com/about-com/office-of-the-dean/com-365/"><div class="editorial-branding bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg editorial-branding-"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="editorial-branding branding-mark-svg" id="uuid-a9b8605f-3c9b-4e2e-94cc-b5a00e367b2a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 450.32 155.33"><defs><style>.uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2{fill:#231f20;}.uuid-361b1eb3-82d0-45e7-a0ee-114a7ab520c1{fill:#ec008c;}</style></defs><path class="uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2" d="M14.85,48.58c0-15.71,5.13-29.56,26.29-29.56,15.4,0,22.56,7.78,22.56,20.38v11.2h-14.62v-7.78c0-7.16-2.49-11.67-9.02-11.67-8.09,0-9.65,5.76-9.65,19.29v55.07c0,13.22,4.2,15.56,9.18,15.56,5.76,0,9.49-4.05,9.49-13.38v-7.78h14.62v12.45c0,11.82-4.82,20.85-22.87,20.85-19.6,0-25.98-10.42-25.98-27.85v-56.79Z"/><path class="uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2" d="M70.85,48.58c0-15.71,5.13-29.56,26.29-29.56,20.07,0,26.45,10.42,26.45,27.85v56.79c0,15.71-5.13,29.56-26.45,29.56-19.91,0-26.29-10.42-26.29-27.85v-56.79ZM86.41,106.3c0,9.65,4.36,14.78,10.73,14.78s10.89-5.13,10.89-14.78v-58.96c0-11.05-3.73-16.18-10.89-16.18s-10.73,5.13-10.73,16.18v58.96Z"/><path class="uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2" d="M134.64,19.95h24.74l14.31,85.57h.31l14.31-85.57h24.11v112.33h-14.62V31.15h-.31l-15.87,101.13h-15.56l-17.42-101.13h-.31v101.13h-13.69V19.95Z"/><path class="uuid-361b1eb3-82d0-45e7-a0ee-114a7ab520c1" d="M254.58,19.02h13.07l-33.6,114.2h-13.07l33.6-114.2Z"/><path class="uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2" d="M273.1,101.94h14.62v6.07c0,8.87,2.18,14,8.56,14s8.56-5.13,8.56-14v-13.22c0-10.27-2.65-13.54-13.22-13.54h-3.89v-13.07h4.98c9.33,0,11.67-2.49,11.67-13.54v-12.45c0-9.65-2.96-11.98-7.31-11.98-6.38,0-8.56,5.13-8.56,14v3.73h-14.62c0-21.47,4.67-28.94,23.18-28.94s21.94,8.56,21.94,29.87c0,19.45-2.49,23.34-13.69,25.36v.31c9.65,1.56,14.16,4.04,14.16,30.96,0,20.23-4.67,27.69-23.18,27.69s-23.18-7.47-23.18-27.69v-3.58Z"/><path class="uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2" d="M376.87,48.73h-14.62v-5.45c0-8.87-2.18-12.13-8.4-12.13-6.53,0-8.71,5.13-8.71,14v20.69h.31c3.58-4.82,7.93-6.54,14.62-6.54,14.47,0,17.74,11.05,17.74,27.07v19.14c0,20.23-4.67,27.69-24.89,27.69-16.34,0-22.4-6.07-22.4-25.83v-60.68c0-20.22,6.53-27.69,23.34-27.69s23.03,7.47,23.03,19.76v9.96ZM362.24,81.87c0-5.91-1.56-10.42-8.4-10.42-6.07,0-8.71,4.2-8.71,14.16v22.4c0,7.47,0,14,8.71,14s8.4-5.29,8.4-14v-26.14Z"/><path class="uuid-7d44cf33-ef2a-435c-8c46-c1e58de919a2" d="M388.38,101.94h14.62v9.96c0,6.38,2.64,10.11,8.87,10.11,9.18,0,9.18-9.33,9.18-15.87v-23.96c0-7.93-3.58-10.73-8.4-10.73-5.13,0-8.56,4.04-8.56,11.67v4.51h-14.62V19.95h43.56v12.14h-28.94v34.38h.31c4.04-5.76,8.4-7.16,14-7.16,8.25,0,17.27,4.98,17.27,19.29v32.05c0,13.85-6.54,22.56-24.27,22.56-15.4,0-23.03-7.47-23.03-19.14v-12.13Z"/></svg></div></div></a></li>
<li class="publications-grid-additional-item  menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom" style="--publication-menu-item-count:6;"><a href="https://www.bumc.bu.edu/camed/news-events/boston-university-medicine/"><div class="editorial-branding bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg editorial-branding-"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="editorial-branding branding-mark-svg" id="uuid-a6b8c9e9-6794-483d-b948-11d96eecd19a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 367.72 115.33"><defs><style>.uuid-e7bcea6c-ff16-4525-a71b-700397e6c603{fill:none;}.uuid-3fa4dece-edf8-42ce-bf09-7f1025ac3d92{fill:#231f20;}.uuid-7734f930-0c27-4c33-a894-9ac7cfeb49bf{fill:#e3173e;}</style></defs><path class="uuid-3fa4dece-edf8-42ce-bf09-7f1025ac3d92" d="M343.94,56.33c4.14,0,8.46,2.07,9.68,7.05h-19.93c1.22-5.17,6.11-7.05,10.24-7.05M344.6,93.83c9.87,0,17.67-4.14,22.09-10.34l-10.53-7.9c-1.79,2.73-5.92,5.36-11.38,5.36s-10.62-2.63-11.47-8.27h34.12c.28-2.26.28-3.76.28-4.98,0-15.23-11-22.94-23.4-22.94-14.29,0-24.72,10.53-24.72,24.53,0,15.13,11.19,24.53,25.01,24.53M270.72,92.8h14.19v-22.84c0-8.46,4.14-12.31,9.49-12.31,5.08,0,7.61,3.95,7.61,10.43v24.72h14.19v-27.17c0-12.31-6.67-20.87-18.24-20.87-6.11,0-10.81,2.63-13.07,5.83v-4.79h-14.19v47ZM249.1,92.8h14.19v-47h-14.19v47ZM256.15,39.41c4.98,0,8.93-3.95,8.93-8.84s-3.95-8.84-8.93-8.84-8.84,3.95-8.84,8.84,4.04,8.84,8.84,8.84M222.78,93.83c9.78,0,18.42-5.55,22.47-13.72l-12.41-6.58c-1.69,4.04-5.36,7.05-10.06,7.05-5.92,0-10.72-4.61-10.72-11.28s4.79-11.28,10.72-11.28c4.7,0,8.37,3.01,10.06,7.05l12.41-6.58c-4.04-8.18-12.69-13.72-22.47-13.72-13.82,0-25,10.15-25,24.53s11.19,24.53,25,24.53M179.44,92.8h14.19v-47h-14.19v47ZM186.49,39.41c4.98,0,8.93-3.95,8.93-8.84s-3.95-8.84-8.93-8.84-8.84,3.95-8.84,8.84,4.04,8.84,8.84,8.84M148.24,80.96c-6.39,0-10.72-4.89-10.72-11.66s4.32-11.66,10.72-11.66,10.72,4.89,10.72,11.66-4.32,11.66-10.72,11.66M145.04,93.83c6.3,0,10.9-3.2,12.78-5.73v4.7h14.19V22.3h-14.19v28.2c-1.88-2.54-6.49-5.73-12.78-5.73-12.31,0-21.81,11.19-21.81,24.53s9.49,24.53,21.81,24.53M96.82,56.33c4.14,0,8.46,2.07,9.68,7.05h-19.93c1.22-5.17,6.11-7.05,10.25-7.05M97.48,93.83c9.87,0,17.67-4.14,22.09-10.34l-10.53-7.9c-1.79,2.73-5.92,5.36-11.37,5.36s-10.62-2.63-11.47-8.27h34.12c.28-2.26.28-3.76.28-4.98,0-15.23-11-22.94-23.41-22.94-14.29,0-24.72,10.53-24.72,24.53,0,15.13,11.19,24.53,25,24.53M34.5,78.61l19.46-26.98v41.17h15.04V26.06h-13.63l-20.87,28.76L13.63,26.06H0v66.74h14.95v-41.17l19.55,26.98Z"/><path class="uuid-7734f930-0c27-4c33-a894-9ac7cfeb49bf" d="M218.3,14.8h2.97v-6.11L226.66.25h-3.47l-3.42,5.52-3.4-5.52h-3.44l5.37,8.43v6.13ZM203.95,14.8h2.99V3.07h3.92V.25h-10.78v2.83h3.88v11.73ZM193.62,14.8h2.97V.25h-2.97v14.56ZM179.41,12.44c1.04,1.6,2.99,2.6,5.31,2.6,3.01,0,5.08-1.78,5.1-4.39,0-2.19-1.33-3.55-3.46-4.33l-1.17-.43c-1.54-.55-2.26-.94-2.26-1.82s.94-1.29,1.95-1.29,1.91.41,2.6,1.25l1.97-2.03c-1.25-1.39-2.81-2.01-4.59-2.01-2.83,0-4.92,1.62-4.92,4.37,0,1.99,1.25,3.34,3.59,4.16l1.23.43c1.43.49,2.03,1.07,2.03,1.89s-.78,1.41-1.95,1.41-2.44-.64-3.16-1.72l-2.27,1.91ZM168.57,6.13v-3.16h2.25c1.11,0,1.87.57,1.87,1.58s-.76,1.58-1.87,1.58h-2.25ZM165.6,14.8h2.97v-6.13h.74l4.98,6.13h3.59l-5.23-6.46c1.93-.61,2.99-1.84,2.99-3.79,0-2.42-1.74-4.31-4.47-4.31h-5.58v14.56ZM152.52,14.8h9.06v-2.83h-6.09v-3.08h4.86v-2.83h-4.86v-2.99h6.09V.25h-9.06v14.56ZM141.98,14.8h2.65L150.65.25h-3.28l-4.06,10.11L139.19.25h-3.22l6.01,14.56ZM129.88,14.8h2.97V.25h-2.97v14.56ZM125.21,14.8V.25h-2.97v9.49L114.78.25h-2.56v14.56h2.97V5.31l7.46,9.49h2.56ZM108.11,9.06V.25h-2.97v8.86c0,1.93-1.19,3.08-2.95,3.08s-2.95-1.15-2.95-3.08V.25h-2.97v8.82c0,3.63,2.44,5.99,5.92,5.99s5.93-2.36,5.93-5.99M88.27,14.8V.25h-2.97v9.49L77.84.25h-2.56v14.56h2.97V5.31l7.46,9.49h2.56ZM59.82,7.52c0-2.54,1.99-4.65,4.53-4.65s4.53,2.11,4.53,4.65-1.99,4.65-4.53,4.65-4.53-2.11-4.53-4.65M71.87,7.52c0-4.16-3.36-7.52-7.52-7.52s-7.52,3.36-7.52,7.52,3.36,7.52,7.52,7.52,7.52-3.36,7.52-7.52M48.11,14.8h2.99V3.07h3.92V.25h-10.78v2.83h3.88v11.73ZM31.42,12.44c1.05,1.6,2.99,2.6,5.31,2.6,3.01,0,5.08-1.78,5.1-4.39,0-2.19-1.33-3.55-3.46-4.33l-1.17-.43c-1.54-.55-2.26-.94-2.26-1.82s.94-1.29,1.95-1.29,1.91.41,2.6,1.25l1.97-2.03c-1.25-1.39-2.81-2.01-4.59-2.01-2.83,0-4.92,1.62-4.92,4.37,0,1.99,1.25,3.34,3.59,4.16l1.23.43c1.44.49,2.03,1.07,2.03,1.89s-.78,1.41-1.95,1.41-2.44-.64-3.16-1.72l-2.28,1.91ZM16.73,7.52c0-2.54,1.99-4.65,4.53-4.65s4.53,2.11,4.53,4.65-1.99,4.65-4.53,4.65-4.53-2.11-4.53-4.65M28.78,7.52c0-4.16-3.36-7.52-7.52-7.52s-7.52,3.36-7.52,7.52,3.36,7.52,7.52,7.52,7.52-3.36,7.52-7.52M3.13,12.07v-3.34h2.97c1.11,0,1.82.74,1.82,1.68s-.72,1.66-1.82,1.66h-2.97ZM3.13,6.21v-3.26h2.07c1.02,0,1.72.76,1.72,1.64s-.7,1.62-1.72,1.62h-2.07ZM.16,14.8h6.15c2.58,0,4.51-1.87,4.51-4.28,0-1.64-.88-2.83-2.15-3.44.7-.61,1.15-1.5,1.15-2.6C9.82,2.15,7.93.25,5.49.25H.16v14.56Z"/><path class="uuid-3fa4dece-edf8-42ce-bf09-7f1025ac3d92" d="M357.77,107.25c1.38,0,2.55.89,2.77,2.37h-5.74c.29-1.5,1.61-2.37,2.97-2.37M353.12,110.58c0,2.66,1.88,4.71,4.69,4.71,1.88,0,3.26-.83,4.07-2.15l-1.23-.85c-.56.96-1.43,1.58-2.82,1.58-1.79,0-3.08-1.27-3.13-2.97h7.42c.02-.2.02-.31.02-.47-.02-2.9-1.94-4.54-4.31-4.54-2.75,0-4.71,2.06-4.71,4.7M343.22,115.11h1.56v-4.49c0-2.12,1.16-3.31,2.62-3.31,1.27,0,2.14.94,2.14,2.46v5.34h1.54v-5.57c0-2.25-1.39-3.66-3.42-3.66-1.18,0-2.26.51-2.88,1.57v-1.39h-1.56v9.05ZM338.77,115.11h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v9.05ZM340.65,102.53c0-.6-.47-1.1-1.09-1.1s-1.12.51-1.12,1.1.51,1.1,1.12,1.1,1.09-.49,1.09-1.1M336.81,112.86l-1.36-.76c-.51,1.03-1.52,1.74-2.82,1.74-1.88,0-3.17-1.45-3.17-3.26s1.29-3.26,3.17-3.26c1.3,0,2.32.7,2.82,1.74l1.36-.76c-.8-1.45-2.32-2.42-4.18-2.42-2.73,0-4.74,2.08-4.74,4.7s2.01,4.71,4.74,4.71c1.86,0,3.38-.98,4.18-2.43M324.14,115.11h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v9.05ZM326.02,102.53c0-.6-.47-1.1-1.09-1.1s-1.12.51-1.12,1.1.51,1.1,1.12,1.1,1.09-.49,1.09-1.1M319.83,110.58c0,1.83-1.25,3.28-3.08,3.28s-3.1-1.45-3.1-3.28,1.27-3.28,3.1-3.28,3.08,1.45,3.08,3.28M312.09,110.58c0,2.59,1.9,4.71,4.43,4.71,1.36,0,2.59-.71,3.19-1.57v1.39h1.56v-13.58h-1.56v5.92c-.6-.87-1.83-1.57-3.19-1.57-2.53,0-4.43,2.12-4.43,4.7M306.28,107.25c1.38,0,2.55.89,2.77,2.37h-5.74c.29-1.5,1.61-2.37,2.97-2.37M301.63,110.58c0,2.66,1.88,4.71,4.69,4.71,1.88,0,3.26-.83,4.07-2.15l-1.23-.85c-.56.96-1.43,1.58-2.82,1.58-1.79,0-3.08-1.27-3.13-2.97h7.42c.02-.2.02-.31.02-.47-.02-2.9-1.94-4.54-4.31-4.54-2.75,0-4.71,2.06-4.71,4.7M293.07,111.34l4.63-6.23v9.99h1.66v-12.85h-1.52l-4.78,6.41-4.78-6.41h-1.54v12.85h1.68v-9.99l4.63,6.23ZM276.85,115.11h1.56v-7.62h2.62v-1.43h-2.62v-1.67c0-1.14.51-1.54,1.5-1.54.36,0,.83.07,1.12.18v-1.38c-.4-.15-.87-.23-1.41-.23-1.57,0-2.77.94-2.77,2.8v1.83h-1.92v1.43h1.92v7.62ZM266.19,110.58c0-1.81,1.27-3.26,3.15-3.26s3.13,1.45,3.13,3.26-1.25,3.26-3.13,3.26-3.15-1.45-3.15-3.26M274.06,110.58c0-2.61-2.01-4.7-4.72-4.7s-4.74,2.1-4.74,4.7,2.01,4.71,4.74,4.71,4.72-2.1,4.72-4.71M256.56,115.11h1.56v-13.57h-1.56v13.57ZM246.51,110.58c0-1.81,1.27-3.26,3.15-3.26s3.13,1.45,3.13,3.26-1.25,3.26-3.13,3.26-3.15-1.45-3.15-3.26M254.39,110.58c0-2.61-2.01-4.7-4.72-4.7s-4.74,2.1-4.74,4.7,2.01,4.71,4.74,4.71,4.72-2.1,4.72-4.71M235.6,110.58c0-1.81,1.27-3.26,3.15-3.26s3.13,1.45,3.13,3.26-1.25,3.26-3.13,3.26-3.15-1.45-3.15-3.26M243.47,110.58c0-2.61-2.01-4.7-4.72-4.7s-4.74,2.1-4.74,4.7,2.01,4.71,4.74,4.71,4.72-2.1,4.72-4.71M224.12,115.11h1.56v-4.49c0-2.12,1.16-3.31,2.62-3.31,1.27,0,2.14.94,2.14,2.46v5.34h1.54v-5.57c0-2.25-1.39-3.66-3.42-3.66-1.18,0-2.26.51-2.88,1.57v-5.92h-1.56v13.58ZM222.17,112.86l-1.36-.76c-.51,1.03-1.52,1.74-2.82,1.74-1.88,0-3.17-1.45-3.17-3.26s1.29-3.26,3.17-3.26c1.3,0,2.32.7,2.82,1.74l1.36-.76c-.8-1.45-2.32-2.42-4.18-2.42-2.73,0-4.74,2.08-4.74,4.7s2.01,4.71,4.74,4.71c1.86,0,3.38-.98,4.18-2.43M203.16,113.01c.67,1.32,2.39,2.32,4.51,2.32,2.39,0,4.09-1.38,4.09-3.57,0-1.9-1.09-2.99-2.99-3.71l-1.56-.6c-1.3-.49-1.94-.98-1.94-2.06s1.05-1.77,2.32-1.77c1.1,0,1.9.49,2.55,1.27l1.23-1.09c-.8-1.03-2.14-1.76-3.75-1.76-2.3,0-4.02,1.32-4.02,3.42,0,1.76.9,2.81,2.91,3.55l1.7.65c1.19.45,1.85,1.14,1.85,2.17,0,1.19-1.05,1.92-2.37,1.92-1.45,0-2.5-.67-3.18-1.76l-1.36,1.01ZM189.06,115.11h1.56v-4.49c0-2.12,1.16-3.31,2.62-3.31,1.27,0,2.14.94,2.14,2.46v5.34h1.54v-5.57c0-2.25-1.39-3.66-3.42-3.66-1.18,0-2.26.51-2.88,1.57v-1.39h-1.56v9.05ZM184.76,110.58c0,1.83-1.25,3.28-3.08,3.28s-3.1-1.45-3.1-3.28,1.27-3.28,3.1-3.28,3.08,1.45,3.08,3.28M177.01,110.58c0,2.59,1.9,4.71,4.43,4.71,1.36,0,2.59-.71,3.18-1.57v1.39h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v1.39c-.6-.87-1.83-1.57-3.18-1.57-2.53,0-4.43,2.12-4.43,4.7M173.26,115.11h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v9.05ZM175.15,102.53c0-.6-.47-1.1-1.09-1.1s-1.12.51-1.12,1.1.51,1.1,1.12,1.1,1.09-.49,1.09-1.1M171.06,112.57c0-1.37-.9-2.19-2.46-2.66l-.99-.31c-1-.31-1.29-.76-1.29-1.3,0-.67.74-1.09,1.5-1.09.87,0,1.48.45,1.88,1.03l1.16-.8c-.6-1.01-1.65-1.57-2.99-1.57-1.74,0-3.1.92-3.11,2.48,0,1.27.78,2.21,2.26,2.64l.9.29c1.18.36,1.57.76,1.57,1.41,0,.78-.71,1.21-1.57,1.21-1,0-1.97-.51-2.3-1.43l-1.27.71c.54,1.41,1.94,2.1,3.55,2.1,1.81,0,3.15-.98,3.15-2.72M160.72,115.11h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v9.05ZM162.6,102.53c0-.6-.47-1.1-1.09-1.1s-1.12.51-1.12,1.1.51,1.1,1.12,1.1,1.09-.49,1.09-1.1M156.41,110.58c0,1.83-1.25,3.28-3.08,3.28s-3.1-1.45-3.1-3.28,1.27-3.28,3.1-3.28,3.08,1.45,3.08,3.28M148.67,110.58c0,2.59,1.9,4.71,4.44,4.71,1.36,0,2.59-.71,3.18-1.57v1.39h1.56v-13.58h-1.56v5.92c-.6-.87-1.83-1.57-3.18-1.57-2.53,0-4.44,2.12-4.44,4.7M142.86,107.25c1.38,0,2.55.89,2.77,2.37h-5.74c.29-1.5,1.61-2.37,2.97-2.37M138.2,110.58c0,2.66,1.88,4.71,4.69,4.71,1.88,0,3.26-.83,4.07-2.15l-1.23-.85c-.56.96-1.43,1.58-2.82,1.58-1.79,0-3.08-1.27-3.13-2.97h7.42c.02-.2.02-.31.02-.47-.02-2.9-1.94-4.54-4.31-4.54-2.75,0-4.71,2.06-4.71,4.7M132.1,115.11h1.3l4.18-9.05h-1.74l-3.1,6.84-3.1-6.84h-1.74l4.18,9.05ZM119.62,109.84l2.33-5.3,2.33,5.3h-4.67ZM115.58,115.11h1.74l1.65-3.75h5.99l1.65,3.75h1.76l-5.7-12.85h-1.39l-5.68,12.85ZM101.19,111.61c0-1.23.78-1.94,2.04-2.61l.24-.14,3.22,3.13c-1.07,1.27-1.92,1.88-3.08,1.88-1.25,0-2.42-.83-2.42-2.26M102.38,104.99c0-1,.81-1.59,1.74-1.59,1.01,0,1.67.72,1.67,1.74s-.83,1.5-1.86,2.03l-.09.04c-.83-.78-1.45-1.36-1.45-2.21M109.9,115.11h2.05l-3.33-3.26,2.3-2.93h-1.81l-1.52,1.94-2.73-2.68c1.25-.65,2.48-1.56,2.48-3.15s-1.27-2.99-3.17-2.99-3.28,1.19-3.28,2.91c0,1.23.8,2.17,1.56,2.92l-.09.05c-1.36.78-2.73,1.81-2.73,3.67,0,2.12,1.59,3.69,3.95,3.69,1.67,0,2.81-.74,4.15-2.32l2.19,2.14ZM84.97,115.11h1.56v-4.49c0-2.12,1.16-3.31,2.62-3.31,1.27,0,2.14.94,2.14,2.46v5.34h1.54v-5.57c0-2.25-1.39-3.66-3.42-3.66-1.18,0-2.26.51-2.88,1.57v-1.39h-1.56v9.05ZM80.66,110.58c0,1.83-1.25,3.28-3.08,3.28s-3.1-1.45-3.1-3.28,1.27-3.28,3.1-3.28,3.08,1.45,3.08,3.28M72.92,110.58c0,2.59,1.9,4.71,4.43,4.71,1.36,0,2.59-.71,3.19-1.57v1.39h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v1.39c-.6-.87-1.83-1.57-3.19-1.57-2.53,0-4.43,2.12-4.43,4.7M69.17,115.11h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v9.05ZM71.05,102.53c0-.6-.47-1.1-1.09-1.1s-1.12.51-1.12,1.1.51,1.1,1.12,1.1,1.09-.49,1.09-1.1M58.56,115.11h1.56v-4.49c0-2.12,1.16-3.31,2.62-3.31,1.27,0,2.14.94,2.14,2.46v5.34h1.54v-5.57c0-2.25-1.39-3.66-3.42-3.66-1.18,0-2.26.51-2.88,1.57v-1.39h-1.56v9.05ZM54.26,110.58c0,1.83-1.25,3.28-3.08,3.28s-3.1-1.45-3.1-3.28,1.27-3.28,3.1-3.28,3.08,1.45,3.08,3.28M46.51,110.58c0,2.59,1.9,4.71,4.43,4.71,1.36,0,2.59-.71,3.19-1.57v1.39h1.56v-9.05h-1.56v1.39c-.6-.87-1.83-1.57-3.19-1.57-2.53,0-4.43,2.12-4.43,4.7M43.45,110.58c0,1.83-1.25,3.28-3.08,3.28s-3.08-1.45-3.08-3.28,1.25-3.28,3.08-3.28,3.08,1.45,3.08,3.28M37.42,113.71c.6.87,1.83,1.57,3.19,1.57,2.52,0,4.43-2.12,4.43-4.71s-1.92-4.7-4.43-4.7c-1.36,0-2.59.7-3.19,1.57v-5.92h-1.56v13.58h1.56v-1.39ZM25.82,110.58c0-1.81,1.27-3.26,3.15-3.26s3.13,1.45,3.13,3.26-1.25,3.26-3.13,3.26-3.15-1.45-3.15-3.26M33.7,110.58c0-2.61-2.01-4.7-4.72-4.7s-4.74,2.1-4.74,4.7,2.01,4.71,4.74,4.71,4.72-2.1,4.72-4.71M14.35,115.11h1.56v-4.49c0-2.12,1.16-3.31,2.62-3.31,1.27,0,2.14.94,2.14,2.46v5.34h1.54v-5.57c0-2.25-1.39-3.66-3.42-3.66-1.18,0-2.26.51-2.88,1.57v-5.92h-1.56v13.58ZM.08,108.68c0,3.73,2.95,6.64,6.64,6.64,2.44,0,4.52-1.21,5.68-3.11l-1.41-.85c-.89,1.43-2.39,2.37-4.27,2.37-2.81,0-4.94-2.23-4.94-5.05s2.14-5.05,4.94-5.05c1.88,0,3.38.94,4.27,2.37l1.41-.85c-1.16-1.9-3.24-3.11-5.68-3.11-3.69,0-6.64,2.91-6.64,6.64"/><rect class="uuid-e7bcea6c-ff16-4525-a71b-700397e6c603" y="0" width="367.72" height="115.32"/></svg></div></div></a></li>
</ul></div>				</li>

				</ul>

		<a href="/publications" class="button btn-other-publications" tabindex="-1"><em>Other Publications</em></a>

	</nav>

</div>

<div class='page-wrapper'>
	
<header class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead butoday-prepress-layout-masthead" role="banner">

	<div class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-bg" style=""></div>

	<div class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-container">

		<div class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-core">
			<div class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-branding">
				<a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/" class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-branding-container">
					<span>
						<div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-butoday bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-butoday" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu {
				fill: #cb2026;
			}

			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today {
				fill: #000;
			}
		</style>
	</defs>

	<title>BU Today</title>

	<g data-name="BUToday">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M233.92,36.08l-11.63-17.59c-.44-.69,0-1.53.84-1.53h6.86c.44,0,.69.25.84.47l7.33,10.79,7.33-10.79c.16-.22.37-.47.84-.47h6.86c.84,0,1.28.84.84,1.53l-11.79,17.52v16.81c0,.53-.47,1-1,1h-6.27c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1v-16.75h-.06Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M194.76,52.45l16.5-35.46c.16-.31.53-.59.9-.59h.53c.37,0,.75.25.9.59l16.5,35.46c.31.69-.09,1.37-.9,1.37h-5.83c-.94,0-1.37-.31-1.84-1.31l-1.9-4.15h-14.31l-1.9,4.21c-.25.62-.84,1.28-1.9,1.28h-5.8c-.78,0-1.22-.69-.9-1.37h-.03v-.03ZM216.43,41.2l-3.99-8.7h-.06l-3.96,8.7h8.01Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M178.64,16.97h-12.85c-.53,0-.94.47-.94,1v5.89c2.06,3.46,3.21,7.48,3.21,11.79s-1.18,8.33-3.21,11.79v5.39c0,.53.44,1,.94,1h12.85c10.17,0,18.49-8.26,18.49-18.49s-8.33-18.4-18.49-18.4h0v.03ZM178.57,46.03h-5.52v-21.33h5.52c5.96,0,9.79,4.68,9.79,10.63s-3.84,10.7-9.79,10.7h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M144.83,16.44c10.54,0,18.96,8.48,18.96,19.02s-8.42,18.9-18.96,18.9-18.9-8.39-18.9-18.9,8.39-19.02,18.9-19.02ZM144.83,45.94c5.8,0,10.54-4.74,10.54-10.48s-4.74-10.6-10.54-10.6-10.48,4.8-10.48,10.6,4.74,10.48,10.48,10.48Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M131.11,16.97h-25.63c-.59,0-1,.47-1,1v5.74c0,.53.44,1,1,1h7.55v28.13c0,.53.47,1,1,1h6.33c.53,0,1-.47,1-1v-28.13h3.06c1.65-3.06,3.96-5.71,6.74-7.73h-.03Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M62.39,17.96c0-.53.47-1,1-1h6.49c.59,0,1,.47,1,1v21.95c0,3.84,2.74,6.02,6.49,6.02s6.58-2.15,6.58-6.02v-21.95c0-.53.44-1,1-1h6.49c.53,0,1,.47,1,1v22.39c0,8.01-6.74,14-15.06,14s-14.97-6.02-14.97-14v-22.39h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M52.38,35.08c3.21,1.06,6.95,3.46,6.95,8.58s-5.21,10.17-11.48,10.17h-13.07c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1V17.96c0-.53.44-1,1-1h12.29c6.21,0,11.32,4.27,11.32,9.79s-2.99,7.05-6.02,8.26v.06ZM46.39,31.93c2,0,3.43-1.68,3.43-3.8s-1.43-3.59-3.43-3.59h-4.37v7.36h4.37v.03ZM46.48,46.31c2.62,0,4.12-1.31,4.12-3.8s-1.43-3.74-3.99-3.74h-4.58v7.55h4.49s-.03,0-.03,0Z" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div>					</span>
				</a>
			</div>

			<nav class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-nav">
	<ul>
		<li>
			<div>
										<a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/sections/" class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-nav-item" tabindex="0">
							<figure class="wp-prepress-svg-icon">
								<!-- bu-prepress-icons -->
								<svg class="wp-prepress-svg-icon-sections">
									<use xlink:href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress//src/_assets/icons/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#bu-prepress-icon-sections"></use>
								</svg>
							</figure>
							<span>Sections</span>
						</a>
						
			</div>
		</li>
		<li>
			<div>
				<button type="button" class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-nav-item wp-prepress-layout-masthead-search js-bu-prepress-open-search" aria-label="Open search" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="quicksearch">
					<span>Search</span>
					<figure class="wp-prepress-svg-icon">
						<!-- bu-prepress-icons -->
						<svg class="wp-prepress-svg-icon-search">
						<use xlink:href="https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress//src/_assets/icons/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#bu-prepress-icon-search"></use>
						</svg>
					</figure>
				</button>
			</div>
		</li>
	</ul>
</nav>

		</div>

		<div class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-branding-description">
			<span  class="wp-prepress-layout-masthead-tagline">
		<em><strong>Friday,</strong> May 15th</em>			</span>
		</div>


	</div>

</header>

		<div class="wrapper">
				<main id="main" role="main" class="content">
			
						<div class="content-container">
				
	<div class="wp-prepress-layout-edition">

		<section class="wp-prepress-layout-edition-content">

			
<div class="wp-block-edition-row butoday-block-edition-row has-one-column layout-12">
	<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-12">
		<div class=" butoday-block-edition-topics-list wp-block-edition-topics-list">
			<div class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-inner">
				<nav class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-wrapper" aria-label="Trending Topics">
											<span class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-label">Trending:</span>
										<ul class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-container" tabindex="0">
						
	<li class=" butoday-block-edition-topics-list-item wp-block-edition-topics-list-item">
		<span class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-item-link">
			<a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2023/seasonal-allergies-are-worse-this-year-what-you-can-do/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Allergies</a>		</span>
	</li>
	

	<li class=" butoday-block-edition-topics-list-item wp-block-edition-topics-list-item">
		<span class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-item-link">
			<a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2025/safety-tips-bupd/" target="_blank">Campus Safety 101</a>		</span>
	</li>
	

	<li class=" butoday-block-edition-topics-list-item wp-block-edition-topics-list-item">
		<span class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-item-link">
			<em><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2024/how-historically-accurate-is-bridgerton-season-3/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bridgerton</a></em>		</span>
	</li>
	

	<li class=" butoday-block-edition-topics-list-item wp-block-edition-topics-list-item">
		<span class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-item-link">
			<a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/women-who-inspire-us-terriers-share-the-women-who-shaped-their-lives/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mother's Day</a>		</span>
	</li>
	

	<li class=" butoday-block-edition-topics-list-item wp-block-edition-topics-list-item">
		<span class="wp-block-edition-topics-list-item-link">
			<a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2025/kpop-demon-hunters-soundtrack-korean-culture/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>KPop Demon Hunters</em></a>		</span>
	</li>
	
					</ul>
				</nav>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
	</div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-row butoday-block-edition-row has-three-columns layout-4-4-4">
<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-4"><div class="wp-block-edition-headlines has-2 butoday-block-edition-headlines"><h3 class="title">Commencement 2026</h3><ul class="wp-prepress-edition-headlines-list">	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

							<figure class="wp-block-edition-headline-image">
					<img width="600" height="400" src="/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-600x400.jpg" class="attachment-bu_prepress_3x2_sm size-bu_prepress_3x2_sm" alt="Photo: A young white man stands in thanks as a crowd cheers for him" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-600x401.jpg 600w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-636x425.jpg 636w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-1498x1000.jpg 1498w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-900x601.jpg 900w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-450x300.jpg 450w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-220x147.jpg 220w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop-180x120.jpg 180w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-551_featcrop.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />				</figure>
			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bu-commencement-student-speaker-blake-hanrahan/"
				>Meet This Year’s BU Commencement Student Speaker
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					“We’re leaving here having earned our degrees, but we’re also ‘messier’ in a beautiful, really positive way,” says Blake Hanrahan (Questrom’26)				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 14, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

							<figure class="wp-block-edition-headline-image">
					<img width="600" height="400" src="/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-600x400.jpg" class="attachment-bu_prepress_3x2_sm size-bu_prepress_3x2_sm" alt="" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-600x401.jpg 600w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-636x425.jpg 636w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-1498x1000.jpg 1498w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-900x601.jpg 900w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-450x300.jpg 450w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-220x147.jpg 220w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only-180x120.jpg 180w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/crop-AdobeStock_678451543_Editorial_Use_Only.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />				</figure>
			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bupd-and-other-agencies-make-arrest/"
				>Following Thorough Investigation, BUPD and Other Agencies Make Arrest
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					An individual with ties to BU is in custody, without bail, until further proceedings				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 15, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	</ul></div></div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-4"><div class="wp-block-edition-headlines has-4 butoday-block-edition-headlines"><ul class="wp-prepress-edition-headlines-list">	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/commencement-2026-everything-you-need-to-know/"
				>BU Commencement 2026: Everything You Need to Know
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Times, places, security, transportation				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 5, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/get-featured-on-the-jumbotron-at-commencement-use-bu2026/"
				>Get Featured on the Jumbotron at Commencement: Use #BU2026
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Share your congratulatory messages and memories on the video board at Nickerson Field				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 14, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/words-of-wisdom-class-of-2026/"
				>Words of Wisdom for the Class of 2026: “Be Courageous”
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					In annual tradition, members of the BU community offer messages of encouragement for soon-to-be graduates				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 8, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/best-places-to-take-graduation-photos-boston-university/"
				>Grad Photo Guide: Expert Tips and Boston University’s Best Locations
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Congratulations, #BU2026! You did it!				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 12, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	</ul></div></div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-4"><div class="wp-block-edition-headlines has-2 butoday-block-edition-headlines"><ul class="wp-prepress-edition-headlines-list">	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

							<figure class="wp-block-edition-headline-image">
					<img width="600" height="400" src="/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-600x400.png" class="attachment-bu_prepress_3x2_sm size-bu_prepress_3x2_sm" alt="Three Boston University Seniors Smiling in a collage of headshots" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-600x400.png 600w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-636x424.png 636w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-768x512.png 768w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-900x600.png 900w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-450x300.png 450w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-220x147.png 220w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1-180x120.png 180w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Hey-BU-Blog-Headers-1-1.png 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />				</figure>
			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/boston-university-seniors-advice-to-freshman-year-self/"
				>What These BU Seniors Would Tell Their Freshman-Year Self
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Lessons on friendships, pressure, growth, and making the most of four years on Comm Ave				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 9, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

							<figure class="wp-block-edition-headline-image">
					<img width="600" height="400" src="/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-600x400.jpg" class="attachment-bu_prepress_3x2_sm size-bu_prepress_3x2_sm" alt="Photo: A collage of five individuals remaking photos from four years ago, the top row of the four-year old photos and the bottom row of the remake photos" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-600x401.jpg 600w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-636x425.jpg 636w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-1498x1000.jpg 1498w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-900x601.jpg 900w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-450x300.jpg 450w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-220x147.jpg 220w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits-180x120.jpg 180w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Cyd-edits.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />				</figure>
			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/class-of-2026-then-and-now-photo-essay/"
				>Photo Essay: Class of 2026, Then and Now
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Seniors reflect on how they’ve changed since their photos were taken freshman year				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 12, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	</ul></div></div>
</div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-row butoday-block-edition-row has-one-column layout-12">	<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-12">
		<div
			class="wp-block-edition-featured-story butoday-block-edition-featured-story is-style-image-left has-media-focus-center-middle has-text-position-x-center"
					>
			<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

				<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-media">
					<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-media-overlay"></div>
											<figure>
							<img width="1498" height="1000" src="/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-1498x1000.jpg" class="attachment-bu_prepress_large size-bu_prepress_large" alt="Photo: Two brothers sitting on a staircase in red Boston University graduation robes" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-1498x1000.jpg 1498w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-636x425.jpg 636w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-900x601.jpg 900w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-450x300.jpg 450w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-600x401.jpg 600w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-220x147.jpg 220w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat-180x120.jpg 180w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/cfa-brothers-feat.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 1498px) 100vw, 1498px" />						</figure>
														</div>

				<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-content">
					<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-content-align">
						<span class="wp-prepress-tag wp-prepress-component-edition-tag">
							Student Life						</span>

						<h1 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
							<a
								class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
								href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/brothers-graduating-from-cfa/"
							>Brothers Graduating from College of Fine Arts School of Music Excited to Go from Ensemble to Solo</a>
						</h1>

													<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">Nathaniel and Ian Aistrup reflect on their time together in the strings program—and look ahead to their separate careers</h4>
						
						<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-meta">
														<time class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date" datetime="May 14, 2026">May 14, 2026</time>
						</div>

						
						
					</div>
				</div>
			</article>
		</div>
	</div>
	</div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-row butoday-block-edition-row has-two-columns layout-4-8">
<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-4"><div class="wp-block-edition-headlines has-4 butoday-block-edition-headlines"><h3 class="title">Latest Headlines</h3><ul class="wp-prepress-edition-headlines-list">	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/boston-magazine-most-influential-bostonians/"
				>Who Made <em>Boston</em> Magazine’s “Most Influential Bostonians” List?
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Eight members of the Boston University community are among 150 people shaping the city				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 13, 2026</div>

			<div class="wp-prepress-component-article-share wp-prepress-component-article-share-sharedby-bostonia"><span class="wp-prepress-component-article-share-label">Shared from</span> <span class="wp-prepress-component-article-share-source"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-bostonia bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-bostonia" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia {
			fill: #3c333b;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>Bostonia</title>
	<g>
		<g data-name="Bostonia">
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia" d="M67.5,34.16a7.24,7.24,0,0,0,5-6.87c0-6.29-4.28-10.24-10.91-10.24H46.84V53.78H62.68c7.33,0,11.77-5.17,11.77-11.25A8.94,8.94,0,0,0,67.5,34.16ZM54.71,23.93h6.1c2.3,0,3.48,1.55,3.48,3.84a3.48,3.48,0,0,1-3.43,3.78H54.71Zm7.54,23H54.71V38h7.38a4.13,4.13,0,0,1,4.12,4.37C66.21,44.56,64.87,46.91,62.25,46.91ZM89.59,28.35c-7.06,0-13,5.07-13,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,26,0C102.59,33.42,96.65,28.35,89.59,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,89.59,47ZM119,39.28l-4.23-1.12c-1.5-.37-2.14-1.12-2.19-1.86-.06-1.12,1-1.87,2.62-1.87,1.17,0,2.78.32,2.83,2.19h7c0-6.08-5.3-8.27-10.27-8.27-5.24,0-9.68,3.42-9.74,7.09,0,2.3,0,6.08,7.49,8.11l3.27.85c1.81.48,2.46,1.07,2.46,2.13,0,1.28-1.39,2-3,2.08-2,0-3.64-1.44-3.69-2.88h-7c.05,5.55,5.35,8.58,10.43,8.58,5.25,0,10.81-2.5,10.81-7.78C125.81,44.93,125.06,40.93,119,39.28Zm38.89-10.93c-7.06,0-12.95,5.07-12.95,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,25.95,0C170.91,33.42,165,28.35,157.91,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,157.91,47Zm31.14-18.61a8.37,8.37,0,0,0-7.23,4.16V28.89h-7.43V53.78h7.43V40.61c0-3.78,2-5.06,4.61-5.06s4.33,1.65,4.33,5V53.78h7.44V38.91C198.2,31.82,194.66,28.35,189.05,28.35ZM202.9,53.78h7.39V28.89H202.9Zm3.69-38.43a4.48,4.48,0,0,0-4.65,4.32A4.53,4.53,0,0,0,206.59,24a4.43,4.43,0,0,0,4.55-4.37A4.39,4.39,0,0,0,206.59,15.35Zm-67.67,4h-7.39v9.54H127v5.86h4.54v19h7.39v-19h5.24V28.89h-5.24Zm94.85,9.54v2.77c-1.92-2.77-5.67-3.31-7.27-3.31a12.73,12.73,0,0,0-12.74,13A12.73,12.73,0,0,0,226.5,54.26c1.92,0,5.67-.9,7.27-3.3v2.82h7.39V28.89Zm-6,18.34a5.93,5.93,0,1,1,0-11.84,5.92,5.92,0,1,1,0,11.84Z" />
		</g>
	</g>
</svg></div></div></span></div>
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/lynn-obrien-hallstein-interim-dean-college-of-general-studies/"
				>Lynn O’Brien Hallstein Appointed Interim Dean of BU’s College of General Studies
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					CGS professor of rhetoric’s scholarly expertise includes the study of motherhood				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 12, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/julie-dahlstrom-2026-metcalf-cup-and-prize/"
				>LAW’s Julie Dahlstrom Wins 2026 Metcalf Cup and Prize
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Honored for her work as director of the school’s Immigrants’ Rights and Human Trafficking Program				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 11, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li class="wp-block-edition-headline">
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

			
			<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
				<a
					class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
					href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/monica-pessina-2026-metcalf-award-winner/"
				>Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine’s Monica Ann Pessina Named 2026 Metcalf Award Winner 
									</a>
			</h4>

							<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">
					Clinical associate professor of anatomy and neurobiology teaches different students in different ways, sometimes even using clay and construction paper				</h4>
			
			
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date">May 11, 2026</div>

			
		</article>
	</li>
	</ul></div></div>


	<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-8">
		<div
			class="wp-block-edition-featured-story butoday-block-edition-featured-story is-style-default has-media-focus-center-top has-text-position-x-center"
					>
			<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">

				<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-media">
					<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-media-overlay"></div>
											<figure>
							<img width="1498" height="1000" src="/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-1498x1000.jpg" class="attachment-bu_prepress_large size-bu_prepress_large" alt="Photo: A collage of four individuals posing for a stylistic photo, top let a mother and son duo, top right, a woman with her violin, bottom left a young woman with a beautiful smile, and bottom right, two people with floral dresses smiling together" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-1498x1000.jpg 1498w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-636x425.jpg 636w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-900x601.jpg 900w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-450x300.jpg 450w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-600x401.jpg 600w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-220x147.jpg 220w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1-180x120.jpg 180w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/Grad-Student_featcrop-1.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 1498px) 100vw, 1498px" />						</figure>
														</div>

				<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-content">
					<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-content-align">
						<span class="wp-prepress-tag wp-prepress-component-edition-tag">
							COMMENCEMENT 2026						</span>

						<h1 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
							<a
								class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
								href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/graduate-students-commencement-profile/"
							>For Thousands of BU Graduate Students, Commencement Is a Step Toward a New Profession</a>
						</h1>

													<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-dek">From Tanzania to Latvia, Vietnam to Boston, these Terriers are changing the world</h4>
						
						<div class="wp-block-edition-featured-story-meta">
														<time class="wp-prepress-component-edition-date" datetime="May 13, 2026">May 13, 2026</time>
						</div>

						
						
					</div>
				</div>
			</article>
		</div>
	</div>
	</div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-row butoday-block-edition-row has-one-column layout-12">	<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-12">
		<div class="wp-block-edition-closeup butoday-block-edition-closeup">
				<h3
		class="r-editorial-decorative-title r-editorial-decorative-title"
		data-component-title="Today&#039;s Close-up"
	>Today's Close-up</h3>
				<article class="wp-prepress-component-edition-article">
				<div class="wp-block-edition-closeup-media">
					<div class="wp-block-edition-closeup-media-overlay"></div>
					<figure>

													<img
								src="/files/2026/05/1940_CMCT-feat.jpg"
								alt=""
							/>
						
						
					</figure>
				</div>

				<div class="wp-block-edition-closeup-content">

					<h1 class="wp-prepress-component-edition-hed">
						<a
							class="wp-prepress-component-edition-link"
							href="https://www.bu.edu/today/close-ups/2026/flashback-friday-commencement-1940/"
						>Flashback Friday: Commencement, 1940</a>
					</h1>

					
											<div class="wp-block-edition-closeup-lede"><p>More than a thousand members of Boston University’s graduating Class of 1940, joined by several hundred faculty members and roughly 10,000 guests, filled the old Boston Arena for the University’s Commencement exercises on June 15, 1940. The arena, located on St. Botolph Street and later renamed Matthews Arena, opened in 1910 as one of the nation’s first indoor athletic facilities.</p></div>
					
											<p class="wp-block-edition-closeup-credit">Photo by Boston University Photography</p>
					
											<p class="wp-block-edition-closeup-read-more"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/close-ups/" class="wp-block-button">View All</a></p>
					
				</div>

			</article>
		</div>
	</div>
	</div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-row has-one-column layout-12 butoday-block-edition-row"><div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-12"><div class="wp-block-edition-featured-stories butoday-block-edition-featured-stories has-3-cards"><div class="wp-block-edition-featured-stories-content"><div><h2>Featured Stories</h2><p></p><a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/sections/" class="wp-block-button is-style-accent icon-navigateright align-icon-right has-primary-theme butoday-block-button">Read More</a></div></div><div class="wp-block-edition-featured-stories-list"><ul>	<li>
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-vertical">
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-vertical-inner">

									<figure class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-image">
						<img width="576" height="1024" src="/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-371-feat-576x1024.jpg" class="attachment-9x16_md size-9x16_md" alt="Photo: A crowd at Boston University&#039;s 2026 Senior Breakfast that includes Rhett, the university&#039;s Boston terrier mascot" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-371-feat-576x1024.jpg 576w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/26-1244-SENBR-371-feat-360x640.jpg 360w" sizes="(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px" />					</figure>
				
				<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-content">
					<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-content-inner">

													<span class="wp-prepress-tag wp-prepress-component-story-card-category">Watch Now</span>
						
						<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-title">
							<a
								href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/graduating-seniors-share-their-boston-bucket-list/"
								class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-link"
							>Graduating Seniors Share Their #1 Boston Bucket List Item</a>
						</h4>

						
					</div>
				</div>

			</div>
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li>
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-vertical">
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-vertical-inner">

									<figure class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-image">
						<img width="576" height="1024" src="/files/2026/05/050626_ManuelCuevas-Trisan_066_featcrop-576x1024.jpg" class="attachment-9x16_md size-9x16_md" alt="" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/050626_ManuelCuevas-Trisan_066_featcrop-576x1024.jpg 576w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/050626_ManuelCuevas-Trisan_066_featcrop-360x640.jpg 360w" sizes="(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px" />					</figure>
				
				<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-content">
					<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-content-inner">

													<span class="wp-prepress-tag wp-prepress-component-story-card-category">New Appointment</span>
						
						<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-title">
							<a
								href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/manuel-cuevas-trisan-first-senior-vice-president-people-belonging-and-culture/"
								class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-link"
							>Manuel Cuevas-Trisán Will Be BU’s First Senior Vice President for People, Belonging, and Culture</a>
						</h4>

						
					</div>
				</div>

			</div>
		</article>
	</li>
	

	<li>
		<article class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-vertical">
			<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-vertical-inner">

									<figure class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-image">
						<img width="576" height="1024" src="/files/2026/05/science-and-religion-feat-576x1024.jpg" class="attachment-9x16_md size-9x16_md" alt="Photo: A robot hand and human hand extending fingers towards each other" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/science-and-religion-feat-576x1024.jpg 576w, https://www.bu.edu/files/2026/05/science-and-religion-feat-360x640.jpg 360w" sizes="(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px" />					</figure>
				
				<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-content">
					<div class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-content-inner">

													<span class="wp-prepress-tag wp-prepress-component-story-card-category">Classes</span>
						
						<h4 class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-title">
							<a
								href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/cas-class-religion-and-science/"
								class="wp-prepress-component-story-card-link"
							>CAS Class Stresses That Religion and Science Are Reconcilable and Crucial</a>
						</h4>

						
					</div>
				</div>

			</div>
		</article>
	</li>
	</ul></div></div></div></div>



<div class="wp-block-edition-row butoday-block-edition-row has-one-column layout-12">
<div class="wp-block-edition-column layout-width-12"><div class="wp-block-edition-email-promo butoday-block-edition-email-promo"><div class="wp-block-edition-email-promo-signup"><h2>Get <em>BU Today</em> In Your Inbox</h2><a href="http://www.bu.edu/today/subscribe/" class="wp-block-edition-email-promo-button  wp-block-button has-primary-theme is-style-default">Subscribe</a></div></div></div>
</div>


	<div class="wp-block-edition-row has-one-column layout-12 butoday-block-edition-row" >
		<div class="wp-block-edition-column">
			<div class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections butoday-block-edition-browse-sections">
				<h3
		class="r-editorial-decorative-title r-editorial-decorative-title"
		data-component-title="Browse Sections"
	>Browse Sections</h3>
					<div class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-listing">
							<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Arts &amp; Culture</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/graduate-students-commencement-profile/">For Thousands of BU Graduate Students, Commencement Is a Step Toward a New Profession</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/cas-class-religion-and-science/">CAS Class Stresses That Religion and Science Are Reconcilable and Crucial</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bfa-thesis-exhibition-school-of-visual-arts/">BFA Thesis Exhibition Highlights Dazzling Work by Graduating Seniors in School of Visual Arts</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/arts-culture/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Business &amp; Law</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/get-featured-on-the-jumbotron-at-commencement-use-bu2026/">Get Featured on the Jumbotron at Commencement: Use #BU2026</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/graduate-students-commencement-profile/">For Thousands of BU Graduate Students, Commencement Is a Step Toward a New Profession</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/hilarious-memes-every-final-semester-college-senior-will-relate-to/">Hilarious Memes Every Final‑Semester College Senior Will Relate To</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/business-law/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Campus Life</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bu-commencement-student-speaker-blake-hanrahan/">Meet This Year’s BU Commencement Student Speaker</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/brothers-graduating-from-cfa/">Brothers Graduating from College of Fine Arts School of Music Excited to Go from Ensemble to Solo</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/class-of-2026-then-and-now-photo-essay/">Photo Essay: Class of 2026, Then and Now</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/boston-university-campus-life/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Health &amp; Medicine</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/graduate-students-commencement-profile/">For Thousands of BU Graduate Students, Commencement Is a Step Toward a New Profession</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/guide-to-self-care-when-low-on-time/">Your Guide to Self-Care When Low on Time</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/how-to-thrive-at-college-mathilde-ross/">In Her New Book, &#8220;How to Thrive at College&#8221; BU’s Mathilde Ross Offers Guidance and Reassurance</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/health-medicine/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">In the City</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/this-weekend-bu-april-30-to-may-3/">This Weekend @ BU: April 30 to May 3</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/getting-to-know-your-neighborhood-the-north-end/">Getting to Know Your Neighborhood: The North End</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/weekender-april-23-to-26/">This Weekend @ BU: April 23 to 26</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/in-the-city/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Science &amp; Technology</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/wheelock-forum-explores-ai-education/">BU Wheelock Forum Explores AI in Education</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/earth-day-at-bu-is-a-month-long-affair/">Earth Day at BU Is a Month-Long Affair</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/boston-university-history-of-invention-and-innovation/">Boston University: A History of Invention and Innovation</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/science-technology/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Sports</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bu-softball-seeking-patriot-league-title/">BU Softball Seeking to Win Fourth Straight Patriot League Title This Weekend</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/student-athletes-coaches-honored-scarlet-white-ceremony/">Top Student-Athletes and Coaches Honored at 2026 Scarlet &#038; White Ceremony</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bu-community-members-running-boston-marathon/">For These BU Community Members, the 2026 Boston Marathon Is a Chance to Help Others</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/sports/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">University News</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/bupd-and-other-agencies-make-arrest/">Following Thorough Investigation, BUPD and Other Agencies Make Arrest</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/graduate-students-commencement-profile/">For Thousands of BU Graduate Students, Commencement Is a Step Toward a New Profession</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/lynn-obrien-hallstein-interim-dean-college-of-general-studies/">Lynn O’Brien Hallstein Appointed Interim Dean of BU’s College of General Studies</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/university-news/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
				<section class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-section">
			<h2 class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-title">Voices &amp; Opinion</h2>
			<ul class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-list">
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/words-of-wisdom-class-of-2026/">Words of Wisdom for the Class of 2026: “Be Courageous”</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/guide-to-self-care-when-low-on-time/">Your Guide to Self-Care When Low on Time</a></li>
									<li><a href="https://www.bu.edu/articles/2026/women-who-inspire-us-terriers-share-the-women-who-shaped-their-lives/">Women Who Inspire Us: Terriers Celebrate the Mothers, Teachers, and Others Who&#8217;ve Shaped Their Lives</a></li>
							</ul>
			<a
				href="https://www.bu.edu/today/articles/category/voices-opinion/"
				class="wp-block-edition-browse-sections-see-all"
			>See all stories</a>
		</section>
						</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
	
		</section>

	</div>

	
					</div><!-- .content-container -->
			</main><!-- .content -->

	</div><!-- .wrapper -->

<footer class="site-footer has-footer-info has-footer-social has-branding" role="contentinfo">

	<div class="footer-nav-container">
	<nav class="footer-nav" role="navigation">
		<h3 class="screen-reader-text">Section navigation</h3>
		<ul>
<li class="page_item page-item-152640 first_item">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/sections/" title="Navigate to: Sections">Sections</a>
 </li>
<li class="page_item page-item-152635">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/must-reads/" title="Navigate to: Must Reads">Must Reads</a>
 </li>
<li class="page_item page-item-152642">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/videos/" title="Navigate to: Videos">Videos</a>
 </li>
<li class="page_item page-item-152644">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/series/" title="Navigate to: Series">Series</a>
 </li>
<li class="page_item page-item-176474">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/close-ups/" title="Navigate to: Close ups">Close ups</a>
 </li>
<li class="page_item page-item-172357">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/browse/" title="Navigate to: Archives">Archives</a>
 </li>
<li class="page_item page-item-17810 has_children last_item">
<a class="level_1" href="https://www.bu.edu/today/about-us/" title="Navigate to: About + Contact">About + Contact</a>
 </li>
</ul>
	</nav>
	<div class="footer-nav-cta">

		
		
				<a href="/today/subscribe" class="button">Get Our Email</a>
		
	</div><!--/footer-nav-cta-->
</div><!--/footer-nav-container-->
<div class="footer-publications-container">
	<h4>Explore Our Publications</h4>
	<div class="footer-publications-list">
	
		<div class="footer-publications-item"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/bostonia/"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-bostonia bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-bostonia" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia {
			fill: #3c333b;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>Bostonia</title>
	<g>
		<g data-name="Bostonia">
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bostonia-bostonia" d="M67.5,34.16a7.24,7.24,0,0,0,5-6.87c0-6.29-4.28-10.24-10.91-10.24H46.84V53.78H62.68c7.33,0,11.77-5.17,11.77-11.25A8.94,8.94,0,0,0,67.5,34.16ZM54.71,23.93h6.1c2.3,0,3.48,1.55,3.48,3.84a3.48,3.48,0,0,1-3.43,3.78H54.71Zm7.54,23H54.71V38h7.38a4.13,4.13,0,0,1,4.12,4.37C66.21,44.56,64.87,46.91,62.25,46.91ZM89.59,28.35c-7.06,0-13,5.07-13,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,26,0C102.59,33.42,96.65,28.35,89.59,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,89.59,47ZM119,39.28l-4.23-1.12c-1.5-.37-2.14-1.12-2.19-1.86-.06-1.12,1-1.87,2.62-1.87,1.17,0,2.78.32,2.83,2.19h7c0-6.08-5.3-8.27-10.27-8.27-5.24,0-9.68,3.42-9.74,7.09,0,2.3,0,6.08,7.49,8.11l3.27.85c1.81.48,2.46,1.07,2.46,2.13,0,1.28-1.39,2-3,2.08-2,0-3.64-1.44-3.69-2.88h-7c.05,5.55,5.35,8.58,10.43,8.58,5.25,0,10.81-2.5,10.81-7.78C125.81,44.93,125.06,40.93,119,39.28Zm38.89-10.93c-7.06,0-12.95,5.07-12.95,12.9a13,13,0,0,0,25.95,0C170.91,33.42,165,28.35,157.91,28.35Zm0,18.61a5.68,5.68,0,1,1,5.67-5.71A5.5,5.5,0,0,1,157.91,47Zm31.14-18.61a8.37,8.37,0,0,0-7.23,4.16V28.89h-7.43V53.78h7.43V40.61c0-3.78,2-5.06,4.61-5.06s4.33,1.65,4.33,5V53.78h7.44V38.91C198.2,31.82,194.66,28.35,189.05,28.35ZM202.9,53.78h7.39V28.89H202.9Zm3.69-38.43a4.48,4.48,0,0,0-4.65,4.32A4.53,4.53,0,0,0,206.59,24a4.43,4.43,0,0,0,4.55-4.37A4.39,4.39,0,0,0,206.59,15.35Zm-67.67,4h-7.39v9.54H127v5.86h4.54v19h7.39v-19h5.24V28.89h-5.24Zm94.85,9.54v2.77c-1.92-2.77-5.67-3.31-7.27-3.31a12.73,12.73,0,0,0-12.74,13A12.73,12.73,0,0,0,226.5,54.26c1.92,0,5.67-.9,7.27-3.3v2.82h7.39V28.89Zm-6,18.34a5.93,5.93,0,1,1,0-11.84,5.92,5.92,0,1,1,0,11.84Z" />
		</g>
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a><p class="footer-publications-item-desc">Boston University’s Alumni Magazine</p></div><div class="footer-publications-item"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/today/"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-butoday bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-butoday" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu {
				fill: #cb2026;
			}

			.branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today {
				fill: #000;
			}
		</style>
	</defs>

	<title>BU Today</title>

	<g data-name="BUToday">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M233.92,36.08l-11.63-17.59c-.44-.69,0-1.53.84-1.53h6.86c.44,0,.69.25.84.47l7.33,10.79,7.33-10.79c.16-.22.37-.47.84-.47h6.86c.84,0,1.28.84.84,1.53l-11.79,17.52v16.81c0,.53-.47,1-1,1h-6.27c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1v-16.75h-.06Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M194.76,52.45l16.5-35.46c.16-.31.53-.59.9-.59h.53c.37,0,.75.25.9.59l16.5,35.46c.31.69-.09,1.37-.9,1.37h-5.83c-.94,0-1.37-.31-1.84-1.31l-1.9-4.15h-14.31l-1.9,4.21c-.25.62-.84,1.28-1.9,1.28h-5.8c-.78,0-1.22-.69-.9-1.37h-.03v-.03ZM216.43,41.2l-3.99-8.7h-.06l-3.96,8.7h8.01Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M178.64,16.97h-12.85c-.53,0-.94.47-.94,1v5.89c2.06,3.46,3.21,7.48,3.21,11.79s-1.18,8.33-3.21,11.79v5.39c0,.53.44,1,.94,1h12.85c10.17,0,18.49-8.26,18.49-18.49s-8.33-18.4-18.49-18.4h0v.03ZM178.57,46.03h-5.52v-21.33h5.52c5.96,0,9.79,4.68,9.79,10.63s-3.84,10.7-9.79,10.7h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M144.83,16.44c10.54,0,18.96,8.48,18.96,19.02s-8.42,18.9-18.96,18.9-18.9-8.39-18.9-18.9,8.39-19.02,18.9-19.02ZM144.83,45.94c5.8,0,10.54-4.74,10.54-10.48s-4.74-10.6-10.54-10.6-10.48,4.8-10.48,10.6,4.74,10.48,10.48,10.48Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-today" d="M131.11,16.97h-25.63c-.59,0-1,.47-1,1v5.74c0,.53.44,1,1,1h7.55v28.13c0,.53.47,1,1,1h6.33c.53,0,1-.47,1-1v-28.13h3.06c1.65-3.06,3.96-5.71,6.74-7.73h-.03Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M62.39,17.96c0-.53.47-1,1-1h6.49c.59,0,1,.47,1,1v21.95c0,3.84,2.74,6.02,6.49,6.02s6.58-2.15,6.58-6.02v-21.95c0-.53.44-1,1-1h6.49c.53,0,1,.47,1,1v22.39c0,8.01-6.74,14-15.06,14s-14.97-6.02-14.97-14v-22.39h0Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu_today-bu" d="M52.38,35.08c3.21,1.06,6.95,3.46,6.95,8.58s-5.21,10.17-11.48,10.17h-13.07c-.59,0-1-.47-1-1V17.96c0-.53.44-1,1-1h12.29c6.21,0,11.32,4.27,11.32,9.79s-2.99,7.05-6.02,8.26v.06ZM46.39,31.93c2,0,3.43-1.68,3.43-3.8s-1.43-3.59-3.43-3.59h-4.37v7.36h4.37v.03ZM46.48,46.31c2.62,0,4.12-1.31,4.12-3.8s-1.43-3.74-3.99-3.74h-4.58v7.55h4.49s-.03,0-.03,0Z" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a><p class="footer-publications-item-desc">News, Research, Community</p></div><div class="footer-publications-item"><a href="https://www.bu.edu/brink/"><div class="editorial-branding editorial-branding-brink bu-prepress-branding-type-inlinesvg"><div class="editorial-branding-wrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="branding-mark-svg branding-mark-svg-the_brink" viewBox="0 0 288 84">
	<defs>
		<style>
		.branding-mark-svg-the_brink-the {
			fill: #cb2026;
		}

		.branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink {
			fill: #0c2537;
		}

		</style>
	</defs>
	<title>The Brink</title>
	<g data-name="The Brink">
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-the" d="M88.31,24.74h14.37v4.1h-10v4.48h8.46v4.07H92.64v4.86h7.9l11.84-25L44,17V54L95,53.88l3.56-7.53H88.31Zm-21,4.16H61.57V46.35H56.8V28.9H51V24.74H67.35ZM86,46.35H81.26V37.42H73.82v8.93H69.05V24.74h4.77v8.55h7.44V24.74H86Z" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" d="M139.9,17.17h14.38c9,0,12.59,3.4,12.59,11.62,0,6-2,9.45-6.54,10.81l7.95,14.32H159l-7.29-13.57h-4.38V53.92L140,54Zm13.51,16.27c4,0,5.35-1.36,5.35-4.65s-1.4-4.7-5.35-4.7h-6v9.35Z" />
		<rect class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" x="170.9" y="17.17" width="7.78" height="36.75" />
		<polygon class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" points="181.97 17.17 190.56 17.17 203.04 40.35 203.04 17.17 210.72 17.17 210.72 53.92 202.99 53.92 189.64 29.17 189.64 53.92 181.97 53.92 181.97 17.17" />
		<polygon class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" points="214.01 17.17 222.11 17.17 222.11 33.22 234.6 17.17 243.89 17.17 232.06 32.25 244.05 53.92 234.81 53.92 226.44 38.68 222.11 44.19 222.11 53.92 214.01 53.92 214.01 17.17" />
		<path class="branding-mark-svg-the_brink-brink" d="M131,34.68v-.11c3.57-1.24,5-3.78,5-7.84,0-6.59-3.78-9.56-12.43-9.56h-7.3L108.91,33V53.92h15.82c8.59,0,12.48-3.19,12.48-10.33,0-4.81-1.78-7.67-6.22-8.91M116.93,24h5.84c3.94,0,5.24.92,5.24,3.84s-1.4,3.94-5.67,3.94h-5.41Zm6.38,23h-6.38V38.68h5.73c4.81,0,6.43,1.08,6.43,4.27s-1.46,4.1-5.78,4.1" />
	</g>
</svg></div></div></a><p class="footer-publications-item-desc">Pioneering Research from Boston University</p></div>
		</div>

</div><!--/footer-nav-container-->

<div class="footer-search-container">
	<div class="footer-search">
			<button class="footer-search-btn js-bu-prepress-open-search">Search BU Today&hellip;</button>
	
	</div><!--/footer-search -->

</div><!--/footer-search-container-->
	<div class="site-footer-menus">
				
				<nav class="site-footer-social" role="navigation">
				<ul id="butoday-footer-social-menu" class="site-footer-social-menu"><li id="menu-item-341527" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341527"><a href="https://twitter.com/BU_Tweets"><span>Twitter</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-341528" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341528"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/BostonUniversity/"><span>Facebook</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-341529" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341529"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuNjAAXrEmQyxLAanISnZUw"><span>Youtube</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-341530" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341530"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/boston-university/"><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-341531" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341531"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/bostonu/"><span>Instagram</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-341532" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341532"><a href="https://weibo.com/buofficial"><span>Weibo</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-341533" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-341533"><a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@bostonu?lang=en"><span>TikTok</span></a></li>
</ul>			</nav>

			</div>
			<div class="bu_copyright u-visually-hidden">&copy;  Boston&nbsp;University. All&nbsp;rights&nbsp;reserved. www.bu.edu</div>
	
	<div class="site-footer-copyright"><a href="http://www.bu.edu/copyright/">&copy; 2026 Trustees of Boston University</a><a href="http://www.bu.edu/policies/digital-privacy-statement/">Privacy Statement</a><a href="https://www.bu.edu/disability/">Accessibility</a></div>	<div class="site-footer-brand-assets">
		<a href="http://www.bu.edu" class="brand-masterplate">Boston University</a>						<div class="site-footer-info"><div class="footer-custom footer-custom-buhp">
	<strong>Notice of Non-Discrimination:</strong> Boston University prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, natural or protective hairstyle, religion, sex or gender, age, national origin, ethnicity, shared ancestry and ethnic characteristics, physical or mental disability, sexual orientation, gender identity and/or expression, genetic information, pregnancy or pregnancy-related condition, military service, marital, parental, veteran status, or any other legally protected status in any and all educational programs or activities operated by Boston University. Retaliation is also prohibited. Please refer questions or concerns about Title IX, discrimination based on any other status protected by law or BU policy, or retaliation to Boston University’s Executive Director of Equal Opportunity/Title IX Coordinator, at titleix@bu.edu or (617) 358-1796. Read Boston University’s full <a href="https://www.bu.edu/policies/boston-university-notice-of-nondiscrimination/">Notice of Nondiscrimination</a>.
</div></div>	</div>
	</footer>

</div><!--/ .page-wrapper--></div><!--/ .body-wrapper-->
<div class="r-editorial-component-search-overlay butoday-component-search-overlay js-search-overlay">
	<div class="page-wrapper">
		<button class="r-editorial-component-search-overlay-close js-bu-prepress-close-search" aria-label="Close search"><span>Close</span></button>
		<section class="r-editorial-component-search-overlay-container">
			<div class="r-editorial-component-search-overlay-form">

				<form role="search" method="get" action="https://search.bu.edu" id="quicksearch">
					<fieldset>
						<legend class="screen-reader-text">
							<span>Search</span>
						</legend>
													<input type="hidden" name="multisite" value="bu.edu/today,bu.edu/brink,bu.edu/bostonia,bu.edu/research,bu.edu/articles">
							<input type="hidden" name="context" value="multisite">
												<label>
							<span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span>
							<input name="q" type="text" aria-label="Search" class="search-field" id="q" placeholder="Search for&hellip;" title="Search for:">
						</label>
						<button class="button search-submit" type="submit" name="do_search">
							<span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span>
						</button>
					</fieldset>
				</form>
			</div>
			<div class="r-editorial-component-search-overlay-content">
							</div>
		</section>
	</div>
</div>
<div id="loadingIcon"><div class="loadingIcon"><div class="lds-css ng-scope"><div class="lds-eclipse"><div></div></div></div></div></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function($) {

	var ajaxurl = "https://www.bu.edu/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php";

	if (jQuery('.sortable').length) {

		var data = {
			action: 'sortable_scripts'
		};
		$.post(ajaxurl, data, function(scripts) {
			var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
			$(s).before(scripts);
		});

	}
})(jQuery);
</script>

	<svg class="bu-prepress-svg-symbols" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;">
		<symbol id="bu-prepress-official-branding" viewBox="0 0 315.01 141.13">
			<defs>
				<style>
					.branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-foreground {
						fill:#231f20;
					}
					.branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background {
						fill:#fff;
					}
				</style>
			</defs>
			<title>Boston University Masterplate</title>
			<rect class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-foreground" width="315.01" height="141.13"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M153.17,317.29V448.07H457.83V317.29Zm302.5,128.62H155.31V319.44H455.67Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M200.59,356.23c4-.82,6.73-4,6.73-7.43a7.79,7.79,0,0,0-3.74-6.8c-2.22-1.6-6.87-2.38-12.2-2.38-1.15,0-5.73.06-9,.18-1.75.06-5.92.3-7.6.36h-.12v1.39h2.23c4.17,0,4.49,1.68,4.52,5.12v25.05c0,3.77-.85,4.78-5.78,4.82h-1.52v1.39h22.21c9.78,0,13.14-6.77,13.16-11.59S206.15,358,200.59,356.23Zm-7.51-.38h-6.46V341.19c1.52-.06,3.9-.17,5.19-.17,7.37,0,9.81,3.79,9.83,8C201.62,353.62,198.84,355.83,193.08,355.85Zm10.43,10.69c0,4.67-2.23,9.51-10.14,9.52-5,0-6.72-1.54-6.75-6.08V357.25H193C200,357.25,203.5,362,203.51,366.54Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M239.58,339.26c-12.91,0-22.19,8.56-22.21,20.64,0,11.36,10,19,21.91,19s21.58-8.62,21.6-20.88C260.88,347.08,251,339.28,239.58,339.26ZM238,341c9.88,0,17,7.83,17,19,0,8.53-4.67,17.11-14.42,17.13s-17.24-7.9-17.25-19.12C223.3,350.82,227.49,341,238,341Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M271.32,377.94h.06l0-.05a1.31,1.31,0,0,1,1.1-.61c.78,0,5.05,1.63,8.39,1.63,7.11,0,12.43-4.45,12.43-10.44,0-11.24-19.45-13.57-19.36-22,0-3.3,2.69-5.54,6.63-5.54a10.54,10.54,0,0,1,9.6,7l0,.07h1.25l-1.06-7.91h-1.14l0,0c-.37.47-.53.55-1,.56-2,0-3.11-1.51-8.2-1.51-6.21,0-10.87,3.78-10.87,8.87.06,10.7,19.45,13.38,19.37,21.91,0,4.67-4.2,7-8.2,7-4.65,0-8.82-3.09-10.08-8.41l0-.1h-1.39l1.3,9.42Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M300.87,349.28v-.1c.92-5.32,1.95-6.59,4.28-6.6h10.38v29.69c0,3.23-1,4.25-4.65,4.28h-2.35v1.39h19.25v-1.39h-2.35c-3.66,0-4.61-1.05-4.64-4.28V342.58h10.37c2.33,0,3.36,1.27,4.28,6.59l0,.1h1.33l-1-10h-1.37l0,.1c-.08.61-.9.81-1.74.8h-29a3.94,3.94,0,0,1-1.17-.17.77.77,0,0,1-.58-.63l0-.1h-1.36l-1,10h1.33Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M363.26,339.26c-12.91,0-22.19,8.56-22.22,20.64,0,11.36,10,19,21.92,19s21.58-8.62,21.6-20.88C384.56,347.08,374.71,339.28,363.26,339.26Zm1,37.89c-9.64,0-17.25-7.9-17.25-19.12,0-7.21,4.2-17,14.72-17,9.88,0,16.94,7.83,16.95,19C378.63,368.55,374,377.13,364.22,377.15Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M404.77,376.67v-.12h-.12c-5.13-.05-5.93-.8-6-5.13V345.85l31.07,32.52h1.75v-33.8c0-2.29.83-3,5.37-3H437v-1.4H422.62v1.4h.12c4.84.16,5.76.7,5.8,4.34v23.7l-28.25-29.44h-9.65v1.4h.12a8.71,8.71,0,0,1,4.95,1.45v29.62c0,2.73-1.1,3.89-4.82,3.92h-.37v1.39h14.25Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M195.27,399.3v1h.11c3.3.2,3.75.72,3.79,4.54v9.3c0,6.7-4.48,8.51-9,8.52-5.9,0-9-3.16-9-8.49V403.1c0-2.27.85-2.75,3-2.79h.48v-1h-10.5v1h.13c2.71.08,3.26.35,3.3,2.87v11.64c0,5.77,4,10.16,11.65,10.18,8.71,0,11.92-5.38,11.93-10.38V403.86c0-2.52.87-3.48,3.5-3.55h.13v-1h-9.62Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M229.94,400.19v.12h.12c3.2.12,3.75.44,3.79,2.83V418.7l-18.61-19.39h-6.43v1h.12a5.85,5.85,0,0,1,3.23.94V420.8c0,1.79-.7,2.52-3.15,2.55h-.28v1h9.5v-1h-.13c-3.39,0-3.86-.49-3.9-3.34v-16.8l20.47,21.43h1.22V402.26c0-1.49.5-1.91,3.51-1.94h.12v-1h-9.58Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M245,400.19v.12h.12c2.22.15,2.84.63,2.88,2.75v17c0,2.66-.42,3.14-2.87,3.3H245v1h9.94v-1h-.12c-2.73,0-3.23-.69-3.26-3V403.42c0-2.64.76-3.07,3.26-3.11h.12v-1H245Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M276.21,400.19v.13h.12c2.72,0,3.58.46,3.58,1.55a7.34,7.34,0,0,1-.67,2.42l-6.18,16.17L266,402.9a2.75,2.75,0,0,1-.24-1c0-1,1-1.51,3.91-1.58h.13v-1H258.58v1h.13c2.41,0,2.77.52,3.79,3L271.18,425h2.17l8.24-21.34c1-2.45,2-3.34,4-3.35h.13v-1h-9.5Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M308.72,418.17l0,.09c-1,3.42-1.76,4.39-4.5,4.41h-6.14c-1.47,0-2-.27-2-2.07v-8.36h6.61c1.61,0,2.23.22,2.59,3v.1h1v-7.82h-1v.11c-.22,2.31-.81,2.86-2.19,2.88h-7V401h8.29c1.37,0,2.29.62,2.82,4l0,.11h1l-.34-5.8H288.39v1h1c2.64,0,3,.85,3.07,3.07v16.83c0,2.37-.45,3.1-3.63,3.14h-1.24v1H309l.67-6.19h-.95Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M347.93,403.54c0-2.16,1.75-3.62,4.33-3.62a6.91,6.91,0,0,1,6.31,4.62l0,.08h.9l-.71-5.32H358l0,.06c-.24.3-.33.34-.62.35-1.32,0-2.05-1-5.43-1-4.11,0-7.21,2.51-7.22,5.91.06,7.11,12.88,8.89,12.8,14.47,0,3.06-2.74,4.57-5.37,4.58a6.78,6.78,0,0,1-6.62-5.53l0-.09h-1l.87,6.31h.85l0-.06a.83.83,0,0,1,.69-.38c.49,0,3.32,1.07,5.54,1.08,4.72,0,8.26-3,8.26-6.95C360.66,410.58,347.84,409,347.93,403.54Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M367.7,400.19v.12h.11c2.22.15,2.85.63,2.88,2.75v17c0,2.66-.43,3.14-2.88,3.3h-.11v1h9.94v-1h-.13c-2.73,0-3.23-.69-3.26-3V403.42c0-2.64.76-3.07,3.26-3.11h.13v-1H367.7Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M405.85,398.71h-.11l0,.1c0,.36-.55.5-1.11.49H385.43a2.29,2.29,0,0,1-.76-.11.46.46,0,0,1-.35-.38l0-.1h-1l-.66,6.71h1l0-.11c.62-3.51,1.27-4.31,2.79-4.32h6.81v19.57c0,2.13-.62,2.76-3,2.79h-1.59v1h12.81v-1h-1.6c-2.41,0-3-.66-3-2.79V401h6.82c1.51,0,2.16.81,2.78,4.32l0,.11h1l-.66-6.71Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M427.74,399.31v1h.13c1.74,0,2.51.32,2.51,1.08a3.57,3.57,0,0,1-.59,1.61l-5.52,9.39L418,402.71a3.24,3.24,0,0,1-.66-1.5c0-.57.66-.9,2.67-.9h.12v-1H409.28v1h.12c2.57.1,3.39.59,5.36,3.66l7.08,11v5.58c0,1.93-.63,2.72-3.07,2.75h-.88v1H429.1v-1h-.64c-2.4,0-3-.74-3.06-2.83v-6L432,403.4a5.39,5.39,0,0,1,4.88-3.09H437v-1Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
			<path class="branding-mark-svg-bu-masterplate-background" d="M337,420.81s-5.06-6.45-5.87-7.48a5.72,5.72,0,0,0-.58-.63,6.71,6.71,0,0,0,4.77-6.45c0-4.14-3.39-7.19-10.76-7.2-2.59,0-3.39,0-5,.12s-4.06.24-5,.24h-.13v1h1c2.28,0,2.82.61,2.86,3.06v16.71c0,2.64-.73,3.14-3,3.17h-.81v1h11.49v-1h-1c-2.2,0-3-.51-3.05-2.85l0-6.58c.58,0,1.11.08,1.93.07a17.87,17.87,0,0,0,3-.23v0h0c.37-.06,1.8,2,3.29,3.87l2.34,2.88c3.16,3.6,4.11,4.29,9.51,4.28h.27v-.95l-.1,0C339.64,423.4,338.77,422.91,337,420.81Zm-5.66-14.33c0,4.71-2.8,6.49-7.18,6.51h-1a13.29,13.29,0,0,1-1.34-.08V400.13a15.91,15.91,0,0,1,1.86-.07C329.76,400.08,331.32,402.83,331.34,406.48Z" transform="translate(-147.99 -312.12)"/>
		</symbol>
	</svg>
	
<noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WRNV877"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<script data-cfasync="false">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.'+'js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WRNV877');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager --><script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-blocks/dist/bu-blocks-frontend.js?ver=1772053116' id='bu-blocks-frontend-js-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/cdn/scripts/waypoints/4.0.0/jquery.waypoints-4.0.0.min.js?ver=1' id='waypoints-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress/includes/js/frontend/popper.min.js?ver=1772658810' id='popper-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress/includes/js/frontend/tooltip.min.js?ver=1772658810' id='tooltip-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress/includes/js/frontend/micromodal.min.js?ver=1772658810' id='micro-modal-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress/includes/js/frontend/screenfull.min.js?ver=1772658810' id='screen-full-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-prepress/dist/bu-prepress-frontend.js?ver=1772658810' id='bu-prepress-frontend-js-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-content/themes/r-editorial/js/script.js?ver=0.5.2' id='responsive-scripts-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.bu.edu/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js?ver=5.8.10' id='wp-embed-js'></script>

<script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"b19c58809e","applicationID":"7212547","transactionName":"YV1SNkUDWEQDBRdQDFgXcQFDC1lZTRYWWw9fW1EWXg1YGgoJDlwTV19V","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":370,"atts":"TRpFQA0ZSxtAB0EDGEtF","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body>
</html>
<!--
Performance optimized by Redis Object Cache. Learn more: https://wprediscache.com

Retrieved 2854 objects (1 MB) from Redis using PhpRedis (v5.3.7).
-->
