ASP.NET(Basics of Asp.Net and New features of Asp.Net 4.0)

About TURNTECHIE.COM

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Wed, 30 May 2012 07:27:00 +0000

Hi Everyone,

Thanks for visiting my blog.
I also have created a website that have various tutorials on DATABASE, WEB DEVELOPMENT & SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES and I am creating some other tutorials too. It will be updated daily and number of tutorials will increase day by day.

Please visit my website http://www.turntechie.com

I hope you will like it. Please share it with your friends and colleuges.

Thanks in Advance.

Author
Abhishek Saxena

How to apply "Multi-targeting feature" in ASP.NET 4.0

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 06:15:00 +0000

What is Multi-Targeting:

Multi-Targeting is a feature given in .Net 4.0 that can be used to target a specific version of .Net framework for creating applications.

Limitation in previous versions:

In the previous versions of .NET , the option of targeting some other framework was not available. Users could work in the same version, they installed.

How to use Multi-Targeting Feature:

For using multi-targeting feature , users will have to add “targetframework” attribute in the compilation element of the web.config file.

Example: You will find compilation element after “Caching” attribute.

You can also set this feature in Visual Studio 2010.Just follow these steps:

1: Open Visual Studio 2010.

2: Create NewProject/Website.

3: Select targetframework as shown below-

Now MultiTargeting feature will work according to your choice.

Benefits:

Multi-targeting allows you to use and target multiple versions of .NET.

Common Language Specification (CLS)

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:13:00 +0000

CLS (Common Language Specification):

CLS stands for “COMMON LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION”. CLS is a subset of COMMON TYPE SYSTEM. It is like an accord among language designer and class library designer to use a common set of basic language feature which all .NET language are expected to support.

The idea behind using CLS-compliant type in our programs is to give capability so that programs can interoperate with any .NET program written in any language like(c#, VB, F# etc). Example- a class written in C# can inherit from a class written in VB.

So we can say that using this specification (CLSCompliant attribute) in your programs (written in any language), the type is forced to conform to the rules of CLS and programs can interoperate with one another, taking full advantage of polymorphism, inheritance and other features.

Common Type System(CTS)

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Sun, 08 Jan 2012 17:07:00 +0000

Common Type System:

CTS describes full range of types that the .NET runtime uses and manages in runtime and provide cross language integration, type safety and high performance code execution.. However note that not all .NET languages support all the types in the CTS.CTS is strict type and code verification infrastructure and enable the managed code to consume other managed types and enforce strict fidelity and type safety.

Functions of CTS:

CTS provide an environment for the implementation of many programming languages. This environment is totally Object Oriented.
CTS defines a rule through which objects written in different languages can interact with each other.
CTS also defines rules through which data types of objects written in various languages can interact with each other.
Virtual method, type visibility and type governing rules are also described in CTS.

The common type system supports two general categories of types:

· Value types hold their data directly, and instances of value types are either allocated on the stack or allocated inline in a structure.

· Reference types store a reference to the value's memory address, and are allocated on the heap.

Common Language Runtime(CLR)

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Sun, 08 Jan 2012 10:01:00 +0000

What is CLR:

CLR stands for “Common Language Runtime”. CLR is the base for .NET Framework or we can say it is an “Application Virtual Machine” upon which the .NET Framework has been built. CLR manages code at runtime and the code managed by the CLR is called managed code.

CLR provides various services like exception handling, memory management, pre –emptive thread management, security and robustness for accessing code, cross-language integration, object lifetime management, resource management, type safety, metadata services (type reflection) and profiling support to the applications.

Example: ASP.NET Framework, Internet Explorer (hosted by CLR)

CLR Features:

1. CLR is an "execution engine” that manages the execution of programs.

2. CLR provides execution environment for multiple languages. At that time there are more than

15 that produce code that will execute in the CLR.

3. It is the implementation of CLI.

4. CLR provides secure file access operations, registry access operations

5. CLR provides a strict type and code verification infrastructure called Common Type System

(CTS) that enforces code robustness

6. CLR provides various properties like garbage clearance, object referencing, object handling.

These properties prevent memory leaks and invalid memory references.

7. Now programmers can select any language without worrying about the compatibility issues.

This increases the productivity of developers

6. CLR provides interoperability between managed and unmanaged code.

How CLR works:

CLR works in the following way-

After compiling the .Net code, we found that the output of the compiler is not an executable file but a file that contains a special type of code called the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL, now called CIL, Common Intermediate Language) .

So for changing MSIL into executable code the concept of CLR comes in to light.

Now this MSIL is changed into executable code using a JIT (Just In Time) complier.It is the work of the CLR to activate the JIT complier. So we can say that JIT is responsible for converting MSIL into executable.

How To Apply "ViewStateMode for individual control"

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 06:06:00 +0000

WHAT IS VIEWSTATE:

View State property of ASP.NET provides the functionality of “automatically storing values between multiple requests” for the same page. It is a client side state management mechanism that can store the page value at the time of sending and receiving information from server.

Ex-Like EmailID, Username in various sites.

LIMITATION IN PREVIOUS VERSION:

In previous version of ASP.NET developer could not enable view state for individual controls. This functionality is available only at the page level.

Only the thing was available in previous version, developers could disable view state for individual controls in order to reduce page size, but had to do so explicitly for individual controls.

IMPROVEMENTS IN ASP.NET 4.0:

In ASP.NET 4.0, a ViewStateMode property is included that allows developer to disable viViewState at the page level and then enable it only for the controls that require it in the page. ViewStateMode has 3 values:

Enabled – enables the view state for this control and any child control.
Disabled – disable the view state.
Inherits – this specify the control uses the settings from its parent control.

WHY MAKE CHANGES:

In earlier versions of ASP.NET by default this ViewState property is enabled at page level, so each control on the page potentially stores view state even if it is not required for the application. This increases the page size and the performance for our application is decreases.

To overcome this problem developer had to disable ViewState for individual control explicitly and it was very irritating for big applications.

HOW TO APPLY VIEW STATE MODE FOR INDIVIDUAL CONTROL:

For applying ViewState mode for individual control you have to follow these steps:

Disable ViewState at the page level in your application as shown in picture-

Then write ViewStateMode=”Enabled” for the controls that require in the page as shown in the picture-

Now ViewState mode is enabled for the individual control that require in the page. This will reduce the page size aur now your application becomes more responsive.

BENEFITS:

• This feature permits developer to enable viewstate for individual controls which are required in the page.

• As a result the size of the pages is reduced and your application becomes more responsive.

• By applying this feature in your application, a significant performance improvement can be gained in response-time.

• A good use for this feature is with ContentPlaceHolder controls in master pages, where ViewStateMode can be set to Disabled for the master page and then enable it individually for ContentPlaceHolder controls that in turn contain controls that require view state.

.Net Framework

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:29:00 +0000

Understanding of .NET framework

“.Net framework is a platform on which server side scripting runs and it is a program that runs under IIS.”

.NET framework: It is a windows component that provides support for development and execution of various windows application and XML web services. It includes a large library & provides support for various programming languages which provide language interoperability. Its main purpose is to provide Object Oriented Programming features/environment example: Inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism.

.Net framework basically aims to the following points:

It provides safe execution of code.
It minimizes conflicts among versions & software deployment.
It increases performance of various applications by reducing problem of scripted/interpreted environments.
Its main effort is to provide developer a comfortable environment across a variety of application and platforms.

.Net framework has two major components:

(1) Common Language Runtime: CLR is an application virtual machine upon which .Net framework has been built.CLR provides services like exception handling, memory management, thread management, remoting, security.

(2) Class Library: Class library is a collection of reusable types. It is used to provide support for command line application, GUI applications, web application development, user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, numeric algorithms and network communications.

How To Apply "Compress Session State"

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 13:33:00 +0000

WHAT IS “SESSION”: “A session is a period of time that a unique user interacts with the web application.”

“Retaining data for a unique user is known as session state.”

LIMITATION IN PREVIOUS VERSIONS: In previous versions of ASP.NET session state data has to be stored outside the web application’s worker process that “Increases the Latency of the Application”.

IMPROVEMENTS IN ASP.NET 4.0: ASP.NET 4.0 introduces compress session state through which the size of session state date can be reduced by 97%.Session-state data can be serialized/deserialize using System.IO.Compression.GZipStream.

WHY MAKE CHANGES: In previous versions of ASP.NET session-state data has to be stored outside the web application’s worker process, so session data must be serialized before sending it to remote storage. When developer wants to store a big amount of information in session state, he would have a quite large serialized data that “Increases the Latency of the Application”.

HOW TO APPLY COMPRESS SESSION STATE IN OUR APPLICATION:

There are two ways available for managing the session state:

In-Process and Out-of-Process

Out-of-Process has two modes: State Server & SQL Server

ASP.NET 4 introduces a new compression option for both kinds of Out-of-Process session-state providers.

Note: For managing Session State in stateserver first thing we have to create ASPSTATE DB. Following command must be executed in command prompt:

C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319>aspnet_regsql.exe –S <SQLServer name> -E –ssadd –sstype p

To applying this feature in your application, you have to add below code in web.config under system.web. Remember this CompressEnabled must be “true”

Now save the pages and enjoy the magic of “Compress Session State”. Check what I
saw in my application:

Before Enabling Compression in web.config :

After Enabling compression in web.config :

BENEFITS:

This compression feature enabled user to reduce the time it takes for a web application in responding by reducing the size of session data.
This feature is useful for those, who have large session date because this feature reduces the session state data by 97%.

How To Apply "OutputCacheExtensibility"

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 18:14:00 +0000

WHAT IS CACHING: “Caching”, a process of taking data or information and persisting a copy of it in memory for a specific time period for immediate access to requesting program calls.

TYPES OF CACHING: Caching can be of following types-

Page Level Caching: This caching works at the page level. It is the easiest means for caching pages.

Fragment Caching: This caching works for the portions of pages.

Data Caching: This caching allows developers to programmatically retain arbitrary data across requests.

LIMITATION IN ASP.NET 3.5: In the previous versions there were limitations on the feasible extent of caching, because cached content always had to be stored in-memory.

IMPROVEMENTS IN ASP.NET 4.0: Now with the help of “output-cache providers‟ cache contents can store at any persistence mechanism such as databases, disks, cloud storage and distributed cache engines.

WHY MAKE CHANGES:

When there is memory crisis, the cache data was truncated first for memory release.

Object cache API that exists in system.web was designed and designed only for Web Applications. In other type of applications like console application or Windows Form Application, this caching might not work properly.

HOW TO APPLY OUTPUT CACHE EXTENSIBILITY IN OUR APPLICATION:

For applying Caching you have to add the below line at the top of the .aspx file of each page-

<%@ OutputCache Duration=“300" VaryByParam=“ID" ProviderName=“DiskCache %>

Like this:

Now you have to register the output cache provider under system.web in the web.config file of your application as shown below:

Now save the pages and enjoy the magic of “OutputCacheExtensibility”.

BENEFITS:

By applying output cache you are now able to write more efficient cache mechanism for your Web Application that will improve the responsiveness of your web application.

Now you can store the cache contents to any persistent mechanism such as database, disks, cloud storage, and distributed cache engines.

Difference between ASP.NET 4.0 and its previous versions

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Sun, 04 Dec 2011 12:52:00 +0000

Features	In Previous Versions	In ASP.Net 4.0
Output Cache Extensibility	Cached content always had to be stored in-memory.	Through Output-Cache Providers cache content can be stored to any persistence mechanism such as databases, disks, cloud storage and distributed cache engines.
Session State Compression	In the previous version session state has to be stored outside the web application worker process, so session data has to be serialized & how much information a developer saves in session state, the size of the serialized data can grow quite large.	In ASP.NET 4.0 this compression feature enabled user to reduce the time it takes for a web application in responding by reducing the size of session data by 97% approx.
View State Mode for individual control	In previous versions view state mode can be enabled only at page level not at the individuals controls.	Now view state mode can be enabled at the control level that is helpful in reducing the response time
Page.MetaKeyword and Page.MetaDescription properties	Initially we have to add these tags for each and every page manually	Now these properties can be set at run time, which enables to get the content from a database or other source, and set the tags dynamically to describe what a particular page is for.
Response.RedirectPermanent Method	It is temporary redirect initially.	Now this is a permanent method which eliminates the unnecessary round trip made by the browser for temporary redirects.
Routing	URLs are not very descriptive/meaningful	Now more descriptive/meaningful URLs that can be easily understandable by users and search engines
Increase URL character length	URLs were limited to 260 characters in length and were also limited to a fixed set of characters.	ASP.NET 4.0 has the option of increasing and decreasing the length of URLs.
Extensible HTML, URL, and HTTP Header Encoding	In previous .NET versions, Server.HtmlEncode() or HttpUtility.Encode() methods has been used for string encoding	ASP.NET 4.0 has new encoding syntax provides an easy and concise way of encoding a particular string.
Web.config Refactoring	In previous version it does not have some features like as routing, Ajax, IIS 7 and version compatibility.	With ASP.NET 4, most of the major elements have been moved to the machine.config file.
Predictable client ID	In previous versions there is no such facility of references the rendering elements.	Now client ID can be generate for each and every control.
Auto-Start ASP.NET Applications	In previous version initial data load or caching operations to be done before serving the client requests	Now Auto Start ASP.NET applications provides a facility of handling client request automatically.
Improvements on Microsoft Ajax Library	In previous version there are unnecessary subsequent requests to the server in scrip loader and cannot build asynchronous data-driven applications easily.	ASP.NET 4.0 comes with a functionality of reducing unnecessary subsequent request to the server
Extensible Request Validation	In previous version to make the XSS validation more aggressive resulted in too many false positives.	Intentionally relax XSS checks for specific pages or for specific types of requests.
Performance Monitoring for Individual Applications in a Single Worker Process	In previous version if multiple applications use a single shared worker process, it is difficult for server administrators to identify an individual application that is experiencing problems.	Now administrators have a more granular view into the resource consumption of individual applications running in a single worker process.
Multi-Targeting	Multi targeting facility is not available in the previous versions.	Multi-targeting allows you to use and target multiple versions of .NET.

Why ASP.NET 4.0

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Sat, 03 Dec 2011 13:40:00 +0000

Delivers Performance and Scalability: By using new feature of ASP.NET 4.0 we can quickly and confidently manage large amount of data. We can also easily manage increasing volumes of traffic.
Faster Response Times: Caching and Session State Compression helps enormously to improve the response time.
Through Output-Cache Providers cache content can be stored to any persistence mechanism such as databases, disks, cloud storage and distributed cache engines.
With Session State Compression feature, developers can often reduce the time it takes for a web application to respond by reducing the size of session data.
Reduces Code, Cuts Costs, and Accelerates Development: With Visual Studio 2010 & .NET Framework 4, we minimized the application code and the need for additional resources. Instance: Interfaces for modelling and editing information in any database can be easily created.
Boosts Customer Satisfaction: Customer Satisfaction can be increased by reducing the errors in production code through Compile-time checking, integrated development and test environment capabilities.
Promotes Visibility: Now Web page can be designed to increase its global visibility through Search Engine Optimization (SEO).
Now we can ensure that every action that is a page has a proper “title tag, Meta description, and canonical URL”.This save the requirement of adding these manually or from writing own code to create Meta tags. This property can be set at run time.
Multiple URLs can be created for a single page that will help developers to move pages and update URLs without breaking any in-bound links from other sites.
Search engines and other user agents that recognize permanent redirects will store the new URL that is associated with the content, which eliminates the unnecessary round trip made by the browser for temporary redirects.
More descriptive/meaningful URLs can be provided that can be easily understandable by users and search engines
Routing in ASP.Net 4 provides full class support by allowing users to define any custom route to a web form page
Larger amount of information could be sent over by a longer URL character length.
Web.Config is less cluttered ,clean and simple.
ClientIDMode property lets you specify more precisely how the client ID is generated for controls.
Client Id can be generated for each and every control through ClientIDMode property
Provides a controlled approach for starting up an application pool
Reducing unnecessary subsequent request to the server
Easily build data driven (asynchronous) application.
Intentionally relax XSS checks for specific pages or for specific types of requests.
Now multiple ASP.Net application can run in a single worker process.
Now administrators have a more granular view into the resource consumption of individual applications running in a single worker process.
Multi-targeting allows you to use and target multiple versions of .NET.

Introduction

noreply@blogger.com (Abhishek Saxena) — Sat, 03 Dec 2011 09:12:00 +0000

Asp.Net 4.0 mainly focuses on improving the PERFORMANCE and SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION (SEO). For this Asp.Net 4.0 come up with several new features that improve core ASP.NET Services, Web Forms, Dynamic data and Visual Web Developer.

These new features helps in delivering good PERFORMANCE in terms of manage large amount of data and provide SCALABILITY, provide faster RESPONSE TIME, helps in REDUCING COST, REDUCING CODE and ACCELERATES DEVELOPMENT.

“Compile time checking, intelliSence, integrated development and test environment capabilities in Visual Studio 2010” reduces the chance of errors in Production code which has increased CUSTOMER SATISFACTION. Now every page has a proper”Title Tag, Meta Description and Canonical URL” that promotes Global Visibility.

Some of the features are listed below:

Output cache extensibility
Session state compression
View state mode for individual control
Page.MetaKeyword and Page.MetaDescription properties
Response.RedirectPermanent method
Routing in ASP.NET
Increase the URL character length
New syntax for Html Encode
Predictable Client IDs
Web.config file refactoring
Auto-Start ASP.NET applications
Improvements on Microsoft Ajax Library
Extensible Request Validation
Performance Monitoring for Individual Applications in a Single Worker Process
Multi Targeting

Having these features in ASP.NET 4.0, developers are now capable in creating “clean, semantically correct & CSS friendly HTML markups”. URL Routing feature helps in getting SEARCH ENGINE friendly URLs that is helpful in “increasing the traffic to your website”. By setting View State Mode for individual control in page controls, a significant performance improvement can be gained in “response-time”. Client IDs rendered by server controls can now be controlled. ASP.NET Dynamic Data support has been enhanced. New starter project templates now make it easier to get going with new projects. SEO enhancements make it easier to “drive traffic to your public facing sites “& “web.config files are now clean and simple”.