Beta Science

Gene ontology tool suggestions

2009-07-15T11:57:00.000-07:00

I have used a few GO tools in the past, but after looking at the massive list of tools on the gene ontology page I'm hoping someone can give me a good suggestion for my problem.

Basically, I have several lists of GO terms (~4-15 terms per list) and I would like to see if at a "higher" branch they share a common molecular function. Ideally, a tool that could be run from the command line and outputs significance scores would be great, but a GUI tool would also work since I have about 70 lists that I would need to run.

Note, that this is slightly different than the usual over-representation analysis which usually takes a list of genes as input. In my problem I am starting with GO terms.

Any suggestions would really be welcome!

Syncing Mendeley and CiteULike

2009-06-03T12:20:00.000-07:00

I have been using CiteULike for quite awhile (after switching from Connotea), but more recently started using Mendeley. Overall, I am really impressed! Mendeley is a relatively new software project (still in beta), and I am surprised by how well it works. It has some crucial features that seperate it from other bookmarking tools such as: ability to sync bookmarks and pdf files back and forth from multiple personal computers and their online server, the ability to organize pdf files locally by title, author, journal, etc., has a citation plugin for Word (so you can stop paying for EndNote), and that the client software is available for Linux! Mendeley has been working so well that I was afraid I might end up abandoning CiteULike, since I most likely won't bookmark something twice.

However, yesterday it was announced that bookmarks from CiteULike can be accessed from within Mendeley. Note that this isn't just the simple ability to import the bookmarks, but that the bookmarks are kept synced and in their own CiteULike folder within Mendeley. Although the syncronization is currently only one way, from CiteULike to Mendeley, further integration of the two tools is suppossedly in the works.

This seems like a great colloboration since CiteULike tends to focus more on the social networking aspect, while Mendeley focuses more on providing a presonal reference manager.

It is nice to see companies colloborating instead of competing.

Automatically downloading emails in Thunderbird when using IMAP

2009-05-20T10:33:00.000-07:00

Lots of applications have an "offline" feature that allow you to access data (email, calendar, documents, etc) when you don't have an internet connection. These are great, but I can never remember to click the "offline" mode. Bandwidth and storage are never usually concerns, so I would just prefer if applications did this by default (or at least had the option). Google Calendar is about the only program that I use daily that does this without me needing to click on update/offline.

For those who use Thunderbird as their email client and use IMAP instead of POP, you can set it to have all of your emails stored locally by default without clicking the offline mode. The trick is a couple of settings in the advanced config editor (Options->Advanced->Config Editor):

mail.server.default.autosync_offline_stores to true (you might have to create this value if it doesn't already exist. Right Click->New->Boolean)
use_status_for_biff to false

More information is here.

Hello California!

2009-05-13T13:42:00.001-07:00

Well UC Davis to be more precise. I accepted a postdoctoral fellowship from Jonathan Eisen to be a part of the iSEEM project working on metagenomics. I have only been here for a few days, and first impressions seem great. First, the research field is exactly what I was most interested in; second, my previous PhD research is definitely of relevance; and third, I feel like I have lots to learn from the people around me.

Considering my previous Blog tag line/description is inaccurate:

"A PhD student's point of view on bioinformatics, evolution, and microbial diversity; with an interest in cutting edge computer tools that make them all a bit easier."

I decided to radically change it to:

"A post-doc's point of view on bioinformatics, evolution, and microbial diversity; with an interest in cutting edge computer tools that make them all a bit easier."

Jonathan's opinion on open-access publishing is quite similar to my own, so in addition to blogging about microbial evolution, expect to see more posts about my views on academic publishing.

Goodbye Vancouver!

2009-04-30T21:33:00.000-07:00

The past 4 months have been a whirlwind. On April 16th I successfully defended my PhD thesis, after some minor revisions submitted it on April 18th, and left the country on April 29th. I wouldn't recommend such a tight time line especially if you happen to have a 5 month old baby as well!

My thesis will eventually be accessible (open-access of course) through SFU's library, but for those who are just dying to read it now, can access it here (+ appendix).

I feel obligated to give some type of advice to future PhD students. Unfortunately, I don't have any huge insight, but I would recommend not worrying too much during your graduate studies. Many times, I thought the whole thing would unravel and I would never finish, especially during years 2-3, but all of a sudden things started to fall in place. Every grad student I have ever talked to has always agreed that productivity increases greatly in the last year or two and so you can't worry about how long it took to do X in time Y. I hope I am not giving the impression that doing a PhD is easy, because it is not. It is hard, and different from all other schooling. If you think of an undergrad degree as sprinting, then a PhD is more like a marathon. I was great at sprinting, but learning to be a good marathon runner was a completely new set of skills.

In between all of the moving steps (I don't want to see another cardboard box for quite awhile), I had lots of time to reflect on my past 4.5 years in Vancouver, BC. Although there were some challenging times, I will greatly miss Vancouver and the people that I met during my time there. The first years of my marriage, living far away from family, the completion of my PhD, and becoming a Dad all happened in Vancouver and I will cherish the multitude of memories that accompany each of these milestones.

To end this post, I think I will list a few flashes of memories that are ingrained in my head from the past several years (in no particular order):

Driving across Canada and seeing the Rockies from a distance for the first time.

Looking out my first downtown apartment window for the first time.

Standing on top of the "Chief".

Snorkeling in the ocean with my wife along the "sunshine coast".

Houseboating on a quiet lake in Vancouver Island surrounded by the most beautiful scenery.

White water rafting near Squamish.

Walking the sea wall countless times, and every time still being impressed by it

The various camping adventures including a jump into a cold lake to escape a never ending swarm of flies.
Standing at the peak of Whistler for the first time.
The various conferences that included travel to destinations such as Maui, Vienna, Cambridge, UK, and California.
The birth of my son, Gavin.
The happiness of reading a short letter stating that I had completed all requirements for my PhD.

Is PLOS One the future of scientific publishing?

2009-03-31T14:06:00.000-07:00

I just read about PLOS One's new features through their relatively new blog, EveryOne. Although the new features are not really ground breaking they do provide a much improved layout and a new "Related Content" page. These changes show that One is dedicated to improving connectivity between peer-reviewed papers and commentary from comments, blogs, etc., giving me some hope that publishing may be changing (yet still at a snails pace).

So back to the question that is asked in the title of this post, "Is PLOS One the future of scientific publishing?", I am going to have to say a tentative "Yes". I think their basis of publishing papers not on novelty, but focusing peer-review on ensuring that the methods, and conclusions drawn from the results are scientifically sound, opens many doors for how scientists publish their findings. Currently, scientists compete for a limited space in a "high-impact" journal. In the majority of cases papers are not rejected because of their methods, results, and conclusions are not valid, but due to a better paper being submitted at the same time. This competition is justified, but in this current format has various drawbacks including:

Importance of research is determined by a very small number of reviewers and usually a single editor has the final decision
Significance or novelty of research is very subjective and can vary widely between reviewers
Significance can change over time as future experiments confirm or depend on the results of the current research (including negative results)
Not making the cut (i.e. rejection) results in a large waste of time as authors have to reformat, resubmit, and respond to new reviewers comments

The separation of the evaluation for competitiveness, novelty, significance, etc. versus scientific robustness helps reduce many of these problems. The largest hurdle to overcome using this model is to move from a journal impact factor to a paper impact factor measurement. Therefore, "signficant" papers are still valued and reconizable in PLOS One and other journals that will likely follow their publishing methods.

Personally, I have never published in PLOS One and by no means do I think PLOS One in its current form is the pinnacle of publishing. However, I do appreciate that they are trying to change the way science publishing is currently conducted.

Google Calendar Available Offline

2009-03-10T10:31:00.000-07:00

I am just starting to peek my head out of the thesis hole and noticed that Google Calendar is now available offline using Google Gears. By default it only syncs your personal calendar, but shared calendars can also be synced under the offline options.

I'm not offline that often, but it is nice to know that my calendar is always available now.

Considering Gears has been around for quite awhile now, I am surprised that it took Google this long to add the offline mode for their calendar.

HubMed Citation Manager

2009-02-19T11:38:00.000-08:00

I just came across HubMed yesterday and I found one of their tools incredibly useful for getting references into EndNote (or other reference manager software tools). Basically, HubMed Citation Finder will take a bibliography (say from one of your favorite papers), split them up, find the citation in PubMed, and return the list of references in several citation formats such as RIS, BibTex, RDF, etc. This file is then easily imported into your reference manager's library.

It just saved me a couple of hours and would have saved me even more if I had known about it a few weeks ago.

Personal Genomics & The Burden of Knowing

2009-02-03T12:38:00.000-08:00

Like many bioinformatists, biologists, scientists, and technologists I am very interested in personal genomics. I have kept track of the start ups that are doing personal SNPs analysis and have been eagerily waiting for sequencing costs to drop to the point were the $1000 genome is possible. I envisage everyone having their personal genome done and programs to analyse the data being so widespread that even a "My Genome Facts" Facebook application would not seem out of place.

Of course I have read lots about ethical worries about how the data could be mis-used or how the public can not handle the probabalities of having a certain disease. Personally, I have always thought these were blown a bit out of proportion and that personal genomics will in general be a good thing. More data is better right?

Well, I just read an article called "The Burden of Knowing" by Catherine Elton in the Boston Magazine and it really made me reconsider my previous thoughts. Elton starts out explaining about personal genomics and specifically about Knome, the first company to do complete personal genome sequencing. She then starts to delve into her personal choices regarding her susectibility to having the BRCA1 gene. The article is extremely well written, and unless I am becoming a complete softy, quite sobering.

A small excerpt that I really enjoyed was this:

The counselors then mentioned another option: having my ovaries taken out and my breasts removed. Here we were, talking about science's ability to look along a submicroscopic piece of DNA, searching for missing letters on a strip of a gene, and yet if science found that letters were missing—if the gene had the cancer-risk mutation—the best it could do was amputate or sterilize. These options seemed as though they should have been filed away in a medieval remedy book, somewhere between leeches and bloodletting.

So did the story change my view on personal genomics? No not completely, but I do think that getting my genome sequenced might not be as fun as I first thought. Too bad there are not many positive attributes linked to genes like "gene variant Y will allow you to live a long life despite your lack of physical exercise" or "you have an improved version of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene, so feel free to drink more beer".

Pseudomonas and Langille in the media

2009-01-27T11:15:00.000-08:00

Ok, this is some serious self-promotion, but scientists (well PhD students anyway) don't get a chance to brag about their research being in the media very often. Plus, it is my blog, so why not?!

The actual science:
The research in question surrounded the sequencing of the Liverpool Epidemic Strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that was causing increased virulence in cystic fibrosis patients. One of the interesting things in the paper is that we identified several genes related to virulence (using STM) and that several of these genes were within genomic island and prophage regions. Of course virulence factors have been found within these types of regions before, but to have actual in-vivo (chronic rat lung infection model) experimental evidence that these genes are involved in virulence in an epidemic strain, really makes this research notable. The research was published in Genome Research and is open access.

The media coverage:
Lancet Infectious Diseases (sorry not OA).

Vancouver Sun

Ok, now for the fun stuff:
SFU News - Notice those sleepy eyes? That is what having a 2 month old will do to you!

The story even made some news on a non-English site:
http://news.sina.com.hk/cgi-bin/nw/show.cgi/32/1/1/962395/1.html
Automatic translation results in me being referred to as "blue Gull", SFU as "West gate Philippines Sand University", and UBC as "Inferior poem University".
http://tinyurl.com/68ge47

Looking for a bioinformatics expert?

2009-01-21T11:42:00.000-08:00

What I have to offer:

A balanced background in both biology (BSc) and computer science (BCS)
Soon to be completed PhD
Extensive research experience in bioinformatics, genomics, phylogenetics/phylogenomics, evolution, and bacteria pathogenesis
Some previous research experience in medical imaging, ontology development, and metagenomics
An impressive publishing record (7 papers, 3 first authors, 2 more first authors under review)
Solid computational skills including Perl programming, database design (MySQL), parallel programming, and web design (PHP & JavaScript)
Good communication and social skills
More information

What I am looking for:

Post-doc or job (academic or industrial)
Preferably, a position where I have some significant manager or leadership responsibilities
Geographically interested in north eastern parts of North America (Ottawa down to New York), but would entertain positions elsewhere in N.A.

I didn't put any limitations on research interests, since I am open to many areas. However, anything having to due with the human microbiome project, human-bacteria interactions, or metagenomics would be of particular interest.

Please email me if you are interested or if you have suggestions on some good openings.

Airports & Interviews

2009-01-07T18:17:00.001-08:00

Quick question: Why do people line up or huddle around an airport gate before they are called to board? The plane is not leaving until everyone has boarded, so why would you want to sit even longer in a cramped up airplane than is absolutely necessary?

I contemplated these questions and other airport mysteries (like who would pay a $38 service fee for changing Canadian to US currency) while recently sitting in airports for 7 hours and 5 hours on two separate trips.

Fortunately, both flights were worth while since one was a flight home where home made meals and warm fireplaces greeted my new family of 3 and the second was for a job that I am quite interested in at Boston. Luckily, another interview I had arranged did not require a flight so my sanity was slightly saved.

I would say that both interviews went fairly well, and overall I actually enjoyed the experience. Doing a PhD (or any large project I suppose), you tend to lose sight of the accomplishments that you have made along the way. Getting a chance to present my work to an audience that is genuinely interested (not just lab mates that have to be in attendance) does not happen that often and even though it can be a bit stressful, I usually find it rewarding.

Two thumbs up for CiteULike

2008-12-03T13:20:00.000-08:00

After getting tired of the slowness and lack of features of Connotea I decided to try out CiteULike. My only regret is that I wish I made the switch about 6 months ago, since CiteULike seems superior to Connotea in almost every way.

In particular, I really like the built in priority list for indicating the level of importance for me to read a certain article. This is much better than my old Connotea method of using a "to_read" tag. Also, the use of tag clouds (instead of simple lists) not only for my personal tags but also for authors is a really nice feature. I was really surprised to see that you can upload a pdf of the paper being cited for storage on CiteULike. I'm not sure how much I will use this feature, but it is a nice option for those papers that you might not have easy access to all the time. Lastly, the search function is simple yet effective and the site runs smoothly without any waiting or timeouts.

The transfer of my bookmarks from Connotea to CiteULike was easy. I simply exported my bookmarks from Connotea in RIS format (which of course took about a minute of waiting) and then imported them into CiteULike. The only small hiccup is that CiteULike doesn't handle multiple words as a single tag (ie. no spaces allowed), but CiteULike did convert all of these cases using dashes instead of spaces.

Overall, I am a happy social bookmarker again and you can follow what I am reading here:
http://www.citeulike.org/user/mlangill

Firefox & Thunderbird Addons

2008-11-29T13:31:00.000-08:00

Yesterday, I was watching someone on the bus scroll on their iPhone and I was thinking "Why doesn't my scrolling look that smooth on my laptop"? After a quick search I found the "Yet Another Smooth Scrolling" add-on for Firefox and it works perfectly!

I have tried lots of different add-ons, but the ones that I find essential are:

Firefox (in order of importance)
-Foxmarks Bookmark Synchronizer - allows backing up and syncing of bookmarks (and recently passwords) between computers
Adblock Plus - blocks all of those annoying ads
Download StatusBar - makes a smaller download status bar
Yet Another Smooth Scrolling - smooth scrolling
Greasemonkey - allows tons of different of scripts (including some nice ones for browsing Craigslist)

Thunderbird
Slideshow - allows easy viewing and resizing attached pictures
Signature Switch - a single button that quickly turns on or off your signature (and allows multiple signatures)

If you have any other essential add-ons, please let me know!

Sorry Connotea, it's not you, it's me.

2008-11-28T16:45:00.000-08:00

I used to really like Connotea and the idea of being able to easily bookmark and share journal articles was what drove me to encourage many people in my lab to start using it. I truly believed it would evolve into a tool that would be essential for researchers and would be a major improvement to existing methods of tracking new papers.

Well, boy was I wrong. I haven't seen any improvements in Connotea for at least a year including a search engine that would be better replaced by Google. Even worse for the past few months Connotea website has been getting slower so that instead of looking up my papers there I just go back to searching Pubmed. Finally, for the past few days Connotea seems completelly useless so that papers I was hoping to cite for my near future thesis writing days are inaccessible.

Like any bad relationship I was hoping it would get better over time, but I have waited long enough and I'm breaking it off before I get any more committed. If the site does ever become accessible again I plan on exporting my bookmarks and taking them elsewhere. Any recommendations?

IslandViewer

2008-11-18T20:22:00.000-08:00

My most recent research has resulted in website for viewing predictions of genomic islands (GIs), large regions of horizontal gene transfer, in bacterial genomes. IslandViewer integrates three different methods of GI detection IslandPick, SIGI-HMM, and IslandPath-DIMOB. SIGI-HMM and IslandPath-DIMOB use sequence composition bias to detect GIs and were found to be the most accurate in a recent publication. IslandPick is a method I recently developed that uses comparative genomics to find GIs by identifying regions that are present in one genome but absent from several related genomes.

Predictions for all three tools are pre-computed for all sequenced bacterial genomes (those available from NCBI Microbial genomes). Also, users can submit their own newly sequenced genome for analysis and receive an email when complete (usually within a couple of hours).

Update:IslandViewer has been published in Bioinformatics!

Any feedback or comments on the design or usefulness on the website is appreciated!

My New Little Scientist

2008-11-14T21:55:00.000-08:00

My first baby was born on Nov. 5th weighing in at 7lbs. After much debate during the pregnancy my wife and I decided to name him Gavin Nathaniel Langille. The first week was tiring of course, but I don't think I really noticed due all the excitement and the newness of it all. However, now that I am in the middle of the second week it is starting to catch up with me!

One thing about having the baby is that I am very focused on finishing my PhD and I am in serious job hunt mode. People keep asking me about what type of position I am looking for. The most likely is a post-doc in academia, but I haven't ruled out taking a job in industry. I have at least one post-doc position and one bioinformatics scientist position industry that I plan on applying by next week.

I would have to say that the biggest limitation for job hunting is location. Having a baby really is drawing me to move closer to home, Atlantic Canada, but I am still keeping a fairly wide search distance down to the Boston area.

Microbial Genomics Conference (Last Update)

2008-10-01T10:52:00.000-07:00

I promised in a previous post to add more details about the Microbial Genomics conference in Lake Arrowhead. However, my wife went into pre-term labour, and is now on bed rest so I am a little short on time. I did give a conference review at a recent lab meeting so I thought I would post that as a quick substitute.

Microbial Genomics 2008 Conference Review

View SlideShare presentation or Upload your own. (tags: conference review)

Review of Arrowhead Conference

2008-09-21T17:11:00.000-07:00

I was hoping to write this during the conference, but every talk I went to was really interesting and I ended up not using that time for blogging. However, there is at least one talk that I wanted to mention before I forgot to much.

I thought the most interesting talk was from Kim Lewis, who describes "persistor cells" as those bacteria that lay dormant in a population. These persistors are resistant to antibiotics because they are essentially shut down and passivly allow antibiotics to simply wash over them as opposed to normal bacteria cells that actively block or pump out antibiotics. Lewis also showed that late samples taken from cystic fibrosis patients had high levels of persistor cells. Kim then discussed unculturable bacteria (of which 99% of bacteria are) and suggested that when plated on media that these are actually dormant and not dead. To support this Kim showed that by innoculating an unculturable sample with E.coli caused growth of an unculturable strain around the E.coli spot. He later found a mutant that did not cause the effect and identified the key gene to be a sideophore. Lewis ends with this little tidbit, "Dormancy is the default mode of bacterial life". I find this really interesting because it suggests that most bacteria depend on a few bacteria to signal when their surrondings are optimal for growth.

There are a couple of more talks that I hope to blog about in the next day or two.

Microbial Genomics

2008-09-17T15:13:00.001-07:00

I have been at Lake Arrowhead since Sunday for the 16th International Microbial Genomes Conference and I have to admit I am quite impressed. I think this conference has solidified in my mind that large conferences can't compete with smaller conferences. Let me list the reasons why in order of importance:

Food - in almost all cases the larger the group of people the worse the food will be. Now you may think I am slightly joking around saying that this is the most important, but I am quite serious. There is nothing worse than having to eat some cafeteria style food and then have to sit through 2-4 hours of talks with a cramping/rumbling/starving belly. Also, I find meals are the best place to meet and have discussions with other scientists.
Meeting people. You get a chance to meet almost everyone you want to without having to hunt them down like a gazelle. I really detest pouncing on a speaker as soon as they are done a talk. It is much nicer to see them at a break or at a meal (see above) and introduce yourself and ask a question then.
Better science. I find at smaller conferences the talks have been hand selected and tend to have a better line up of speakers
Location, location, location. Smaller conferences tend to have their meetings at nicer locations.
Beer & Wine - From my experience alcohol tends to be cheaper (or free) at smaller conferences which always makes everyone happy and tends to get scientists to loosen up some.

Mygazines

2008-08-19T14:32:00.000-07:00

I recently found out about Mygazines.com, a website that allows users to upload and share scanned copies of magazines. This new form of digital piracy is getting the copyrights enforcers attention. I figured the site would be fairly lame with barely readable faded copies of old obscure magazines, but after checking out the site I was quite impressed. The images are clear and the website design is as good as any new social website. Over my lunch break I checked out the September issue of Discover and read a great article about personal DNA testing (p35). Personally, I don't see that many people cancelling their subscriptions, since most people still prefer to read from real paper. However, I was curious to see if any scientific journals were on the site. I figured some of the big ones such as Nature or Science might be, but ater a quick search it seems there are not that many scientists uploading yet. Of course I have access to all the science journals I need through my university, but I wonder if scientistis that don't have access would use such a source for information?

Evaluation of genomic island predictors using a comparative genomics approach

2008-08-14T11:32:00.000-07:00

Well after a long hiatus from blogging I thought would start again with announcing my recently accepted paper, "Evaluation of genomic island predictors using a comparative genomics approach" in BMC Bioinformatics.

Quick Summary
This research provides a comparison of several previously published tools that are used to predict genomic islands (large regions of HGT in bacteria).These tools use various methods of identifying abnormal sequence composition, such as GC percent, to predict regions of HGT. The predicitons made by these tools were compared to reference datasets of genomic islands (GIs) and non-GIs (very conserved regions) that were constructed using whole genome alignments. One of the novel and cool (well I like to think so) things about this comparative genomics method, called IslandPick, is that it automatically selects appropriate genomes for comparison given a query genome. Normally in most compartive genomics studies the user/scientist has to pick which genomes are relavant and should be used in the comparison. This works well until you have to do it for ~1000 different genomes. If you want more information on how this works read the paper!

Publishing
This was my first experience with a very tough and stubborn reviewer. This would have been published almost 6 months ago if it wasn't for one reviewer that kept insisting that our method was flawed even after we clearly defended and addressed their concerns. After much correspondence and waiting, a fresh group of reviewers accepted the research after some minor revisions. *Sigh* Makes me wonder how much of publishing is just a crapshoot?

Master of the universe

2008-03-20T11:34:00.001-07:00

I watch quite a bit of TV and that often includes special episodes or series based on science. Quite often when I get flustered with my own research, these shows will renew my passion and interest for science and remind me of why I am working on a PhD.

I get many of the shows I miss through the internet via multiple methods including web feeds (YouTube), download sites (bit torrent) , and live streaming (p2ptv). Disclaimer: Some of these methods may be illegal based on your location or the tv show provider so check out your laws first. :)

The first show I want to highlight is Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe. This was a nicely balanced hour long segment that included just enough science along with a history of Hawking's debilitating illness. I remember my uncle giving me Hawking's book, "A Brief History of Time" when I was very young ( I am guessing around ~12 years old). I think I may dig it out and reread it with my much more educated brain.

Science and Beer

2008-03-20T10:37:00.000-07:00

As always, I am looking for ways to improve my publishing and would consider pretty much trying anything. As pointed out in a recent NYTimes article a study showed that drinking less beer correlates with improved publishing.

Personally, I would suggest that the amount of beer consumed is a measure of the scientist's social life and as I think most agree better science often requires less social life. Sadly, I guess I will have to try to be the exception to the rule, since I am not quite ready to part with my bottle of suds.

TrueCrypt

2008-02-18T10:36:00.000-08:00

I have never been one to worry about security issues online. I don't clear my cache after online banking, change my passwords every few months, worry about too much information being on Facebook, or even password protect my computers.

However, I have been doing my taxes online for the past three years and I save all of my information to pdfs and text files. I called recently to change my address with the CRA (Canada Revenue Agency) and they ask a ton of verification questions before you can get them to access any of your information. At first I thought this was robust, but then I realized that every single answer could be found in my one folder "Taxes".

After a few quick Googles I found TrueCrypt. It allows you to encrypt a single file (that acts as a container) or a complete partition. If you wanted to go over the top you can even encrypt your whole OS. The default encryption protocols are the same ones used by the top US government (and I assume they know what they are doing). It even allows you to create completely hidden volumes (not that I need that).

I quickly set up a 1GB container to put all of my tax information along with a few other files that contain my passwords that I can never remember . Now, if only I would get around to setting up a good backup system.