Bull Breed

Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 03 Aug 2012 15:27:00 +0000

The Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog (ABBB) or Otto is an American rare dog breed, developed in the Alapaha River region of Southern Georgia.

Appearance
Displaying an unexaggerated and natural bulldog type, the Alapaha is nevertheless a sturdy, well-developed, and muscular breed. Descriptions of its size vary greatly, calling for males anywhere from 75 to 95 pounds (34 to 43 kg) give or take 10 lbs standing 22 to 26 inches (56 to 66 cm) at the withers, females smaller at 60 to 70 pounds (27 to 32 kg). Ears and tail are natural, with no cropping or docking. Colors of the Alapaha are varied, typically white or different shades of black, grey, red, white, fawn, brindle, brown, buckskin, or mahogany, always Trimmed with white markings; some dogs are piebald spotted.

Temperament
The ABBB is described as trainable, dutiful, and responsible, with impressive capabilities as a guardian of family and property. It is very protective, but can be loving in the home.and are known to have an "alpha dog attitude"

Health
This breed is susceptible to entropion, an inversion of the eyelids, and chery eye or inflammation of the tear duct

Miscellaneous
The breed is quite rare but with an ever increasing population of living dogs. Lana Lou Lane started registering this breed in 1986 with the ARF. There are many other registries including the NKC (National Kennel Club), CKC (Continental Kennel Club), ARBA (American Rare Breed Association), WWKC (World Wide Kennel Club), BBC (Backwoods Bulldog Club), UWABC (United Working Alapaha Bulldog Club & Registry), ABBA (Alapaha Blue-Blood Bulldog Association) that will also register Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldogs. There is no proof to support any other registry maintaining records for this breed before 1986.

Background: This breeding was developed in the southern enclaves of the United States during the late 18th century. The breed originated from crosses of the now extinct Old English Bulldog and one or more of the local herding breeds like the Catahoula Leopard Dog and Black Mouth Cur. The breed has been known by a series of names such as Otto, Cow Dog, Silver Dollar, and Catahoula Bulldog. It was originally bred for the sole purpose of coursing and catching wild and unruly cattle, afterwards establishing itself on the farms, ranches and plantations as an all around utility dog (i.e. guard dog, livestock working dog and varmint patroller). It was not bred to put on threat displays or to look a certain way. But, it did need the right equipment to take care of its real bulldog duties. It needed to be strong enough to catch and hold ornery cattle and athletic enough to catch hogs that were allowed to free range in a semi-wild state

The Alapaha is a functional and unexaggerated bulldog with a square head, broad chest and prominent muzzle. It is dutiful, highly trainable, possessive and attentive which makes them eager companions for children. They are protective of their property and establish their territory at a young age, always demanding attention. They prefer the role of devoted family companion. These bulldogs are intelligent, athletic, and suspicious of strangers. Training and socialization are recommended at an early age. The Alapaha is hardy, resistant to disease and requires minimal grooming.

Futurama Halloween Costume for Dogs is Awesome!

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 03 Aug 2012 15:25:00 +0000

Finally, a costume for dogs that doesn't suck. Someone dressed their French Bulldog up as Nibbler from Futurama, and it is AWESOME!

Valley Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 02 Aug 2012 14:56:00 +0000

The Valley Bulldog is a mixed breed of Bulldog and Boxer, found most commonly in the Annapolis Valley of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is a common conception that Valley Bulldog originated in the Annapolis Valley, giving the designer breed the name "Valley Bulldog".

Appearance
The perfect Valley Bulldog should be of medium height and size with a large broad head, sturdy muscular body with a thick neck of short to medium length. The Valley Bulldog possesses a broad chest and shoulder area and a thick powerful rear end. Valley Bulldogs should have an excellent temperament and can be quite intelligent. The temperament is to be very stable and trustworthy. Their disposition should be outgoing, playful yet protective when needed.

Head: Large and broad, deeply sunken between the eyes (medial furrow). The circumference of the head should be equal to or greater than the dog's height at the shoulder. Fault: Head too small.

Muzzle: Broad, deep and of medium to short in length. The bite is undershot. Fault: Muzzle too long (more than 3 inches), scissor or even bite.

Eyes: Wide apart and of moderate size. Any color is acceptable. Fault: Completely white / pink rims.

Nose: From the stop to the end of the nose must be at least an inch. Fault: Completely pink nose (a small amount is acceptable).

Neck: Short to Medium in length. Should be thick and muscular.

Chest: Ribs should be well sprung (rounded) and the chest wide and deep. Fault: Too narrow in the chest.

Back: Medium length with a slight rise from the shoulders to the rump (level back is just as acceptable).

Legs: Forelegs should be stout and wide apart, neither bowing out or turning in. Fault: Bowing or turned out resulting in poor movement.

Feet: Round and the pasterns should be strong. Fault: Down in the pasterns or splayed feet.

Height: Males - 15 to 18 inches at the shoulder. Females - 14 to 18 inches at the shoulder.

Weight: Between 45 to 70 lbs. No penalty for dogs above the standard weight as long as the dog is well proportioned.

Color: Various brindles with or without white, white (solid white not preferred), tan, fawn or red. The coat should be short and smooth.

Ears: Short either button or rose.

Tail: Down to hock naturally or screwed. May be docked, of no major importance. "International Olde English Bulldogge Association". http://www.ioeba.net. Retrieved 2007-01-21.

Temperament
The Valley Bulldog is a loyal and intelligent companion. They desire to be close to their owner at all times and will enjoy intense playtime or rest and relaxation with their owners. Valleys are great companions for the entire family and take very well to small children. Occasionally, you may find a Valley Bulldog that has inherited the Boxer's tendency to be rough at play and may also be quite a jumper. This is a rare occurrence, but should be noted for those owners with small children.

Health
The incorporation of the Boxer with the Bulldog corrected most of the health problems associated with the Bulldog. However, they may suffer from minor breathing problems if their snubbed snout restricts air. In these cases, they should be monitored in hot weather to prevent heat stroke. Valley Bulldogs may be susceptible to minor skin irritations during adolescent stages of growth. The skin irritations are easily corrected and most often disappear once the dog has reached full maturity. They breed and whelp their own litters without any intervention.

History
The Valley Bulldog breed can be traced back to the mid 1900s, although it is possible that it may have existed much earlier. Research has shown that several of today's breeders have produced ten to fifteen generations of pure Valley Bulldogs in their breeding programs.

The genetic origin and foundation of the Valley Bulldog was established on and incorporated the Bulldog and the Boxer. These two breeds were used to incorporate the Boxer's athletic ability and exceptional temperament and the Bulldog's courageous and unwavering spirit. Over the years type has been set and the Valley Bulldog is now a pure bred in both form and type.

The Valley Bulldog was bred as a durable, athletic, working utility dog that was used primarily for farm and ranch work. Valley Bulldogs were used to work cattle and other unruly livestock as well as protect and guard the farm or ranch and its occupants from natural predators.

All of these needs and others have lent to the development of this courageous and durable breed. It should be remembered that the Valley Bulldog of today is truly a working breed. "International Olde English Bulldogge Association". http://www.ioeba.net. Retrieved 2007-01-21.

White English Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 02 Aug 2012 14:53:00 +0000

The White English Bulldog is a very old and rare breed of dog that originated in the Southern United States. Said to be the original bulldog from England unchanged. Surviving in isolated pockets of the South. Hence the name White English Bulldog.

They were original bred for farm utility work. They would guard the farm, control unruly cattle as well as catch farmers hogs that were raised free range. Some were used for hunting everything from raccoon,squirrels and even wild boar. All were used as family guardians and companions. Some were used by farmers to herd live stock and protect them from predictors.

The White English Bulldog is also known as: English Whites, Southern Whites, Old Southern Whites, Hill Bulls, American Bulldogs(forebearer of the original American Bulldog), and several additional names according to the location from which they came. The White English Bulldog has always been, and continues to be, a farm utility dog, as well as a trusted family guardian and companion.

Temperament
WWEBA: Solid and sound; the most important factor when planning a breeding. White English Bulldogs should be alert, outgoing, confident and under total control at all times. Minor dog aggression is not considered a fault as long as the dog can be brought under control.

Disqualifications: Uncontrollable dog aggression and uncontrollable aggression towards handler and judge. Excessive shyness. * Note: A vicious dog shall be deemed vicious if refusing to be approached by the judge for full examination. A shy dog shall be deemed shy if refusing to stand for examination or shrinks away from the judge.

WEBPs: Loyal and fiercely protective of its master, the master's family, property, livestock and especially the children. A non-dominant dog that does not require a firm handed master, the WEB is submissive to its master and master's family, especially children. The WEB is aloof with and untrusting of strangers, does not require much attention or activity, often appearing relaxed. Highly intelligent and intuitive, the WEB requires little to no training.

History
The White English Bulldog developed in the early pioneer days in the American southeast from various early imports.

How did the bull-dog find its way to America?

WWEBA: This question has never gotten the complete and correct answer because, frankly, there are no official documents which show how the dog got here. What is certain is that this dog was not indigenous to America prior to the settlers coming from Europe. Either the British or Spanish….or both….brought bull-dogs to this country.

The White English bulldog is the descendant of the bull-dogs mentioned above. How pure of a descendant is anyone’s guess. No one actually knows what if any dog has been crossed in the White English. We do know that they resemble most clearly the bull-dog prior to 1836. They also carry most of the temperament characteristics as well. However, the White English of today should not show the people aggression that the bull-dog reportedly had. We will never know what made the bull-dog mean, either hereditary or socially induced, but today’s White English should not have uncontrollable rage toward humans. What we can clearly state is that the White English Bulldog is the precursor to the American Bulldog. It is common knowledge that back in the 1970s, John D Johnson and Alan Scott had White English which they used as their foundation stock for their brand of American Bulldog.

WEBPS: From 1556 - 1649, the English Alaunt is traded with Spain, Mallorca, and Cuba. Spain settled La Florida - the South of today's USA.

Health
The White English Bulldog like other Bull breeds has some health issues. Although less than most Bull breeds. Many common problems are hip dysplasia , deafness (which is culled early by reputable breeders) elongated soft pallets and some skin issues.

Reproduction
Unlike the English Bulldog the White English Bulldog does not need a Caesarean birth ( C-section ) . They reproduce naturally .They usually have anywhere from 4 to 12 puppies.

They shouldn't be bred until after maturity to avoid any health issues that may arise at maturity.

THE EVOLUTION OF THE BULLDOG

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 18:43:00 +0000

A Historical Survey by R. H. Voss

We prepared this History page about Bulldogs, Breeders and the evolution of our beloved American Bulldogs. There are photos and humor. If you take the time to read and understand this History, you will know more about the Hisotry of Bulldogs, than most breeders selling them today (1999*). I installed the photos, and a little humor hoping to help you to see, understand and enjoy "Bulldog History" a little better. photos are authentic.

Text originally printed in 1933 in a British publication called "Our Dogs". Mr Voss was the #1 authority and historian of his day on Bulldogs. This same article was printed before in Stodghill's ARF Cowdog Magazine, issue #114 in 1989.

R.H. Voss suggest that the breed goes back to the war dogs of the ancient Britons. Briton was made a Roman province in the year 50 AD, when the British chieftain Caractacus was defeated by Emperor Claudius. At That time there were "pugnaces" or war dogs, in Briton. They were used in war, for the contests in the amphitheater and in the chase. These fighting dogs of Briton were known as the Broad Mouthed Dogs of Briton. There is very little doubt that they were the original and remote ancestors of our Mastiff and Bulldog. They appealed to the Romans, who sent considerable numbers of them from Briton to Rome, to take part in the sports of the amphitheater, and it has even been said that the Romans appointed an officer to select British dogs and export them to Rome. There is evidence that from Italy the breed of British war dogs was disseminated over the continent in the years 50/410.

Bear Baiting
The Saxon kingdom of England was succeeded in 1066 by Norman Kings and the training of bulls, bears, horses and other animals for the purposes of baiting the with dogs was practiced by the jugglers who were introduced into England by her Norman conquerors. As early as Henry II 's time 1154 the baiting of bulls and bears by dogs was indeed a popular amusement. Henry II had gained Bordeaux on his marriage with Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1151, and this important town remained in the hands of the English till about 1411, for approximately 260 years. From 1356 to 1367 the court of King Edward III "father of Edward the black prince", with it's attendant sports of bull and bear baiting, was held at Bordeaux.

It was in or about 1406 that Edmond de Langley, Duke of York, the forth son of seven son's of Edward III, wrote a treatise entitled "The Mayster of the Game and of hawks to Henry IV, and in his treatise he described the Alaunt or Allen dog as a dog with a large and thick head and a short muzzle, which was remarkable for his courage, so that when he attacked an animal he hung on, and was used for bull baiting. He described the great French Alaunt, drawing a distinction between the Gentil and the Alaunt de Boucherie. The French Alaunt being a descendant of the English Alaunts exported to Bordeaux, and in turn the ancestor, without any doubt whatsoever, of the Dogue de Bordeaux, the huge fighting dog of South of France.

In 1556 it is known that great numbers of English Alaunts were introduced into Spain and the island of Cuba by Philip II for the purposes of the arena.
In 1557 Dr. Caius, of Chambridge, described the Mastyve or Bulldog which was undoubtedly the direct descendant of the Alaunt, as a vast, huge stubborn, ugly and eager dog., of a heavy and burdenous body, "serviceable to bait and take the bull by the ear two dogs at most being sufficient for that purpose, however untamable the bull might be.

In 1585 a Hondius painter an oil painting on an oak panel [which came into the possession of Mr. Frank Adcock] which depicted two bandogges or Alaunts attacking a wild bore in the bed of a shallow stream. One was red with a black muzzle, and the other was white with brindle ear patches, and they were both had "rose ears", and long fine tails, and looked as though they must have weighed 100 to 120 lbs. The red dog had a firm grip on the left ear of the boar.

The fact that the "pugnaces" of Briton were known as the "Broad Mouthed dogs of Briton" and that Claudian in 390 AD stated that they were able to pull down a bull, shows that these dogs were, of course, in a rough and typical manner only the original stock from which the Bulldog and Mastiff sprang. That these dogs were in the years 50/410 exported to Rome by the Romans, and form Rome disseminated over the Continent, there is no doubt. Further, it has been shown that as early as 1154 the baiting of bulls and bears by dogs in England was a popular amusement. Also it shows that from 1151 to 1411 Bordeaux belonged to England, and that the English court was actually situated there from 1356 till 1367, with its accompaniment of bull and bear baiting. It was while the English still held Bordeaux that the Alaunt was undoubtedly exported to France from 141 onwards for a period on 260 years, and he was almost certainly crossed there with some remote descendants of the British war dogs which hundreds of years previously had traveled to France via Rome. It is absolutely in keeping therefore, to imagine that the Dogue de Bordeaux as imported to England in 1895 by Mr. Sam Wookiwss and the late Mr. H.C. Brooke, was the originally descended from the English Alaunts which were exported to Bordeaux from 1151 to 1411.

THE DOGUE DE BORDEAUX
In 1895, in the year that Mr. John Proctor judged the breed at the Bordeaux show, it was a dog of an average height of 25 1/2 inches and of an averaged weight of 120 lbs. The skull circumference was 26 inches. Nose length as measured from the corner of the eye to the tip of the nose was three inches on the average. These dogs for many years. from the English occupation of Bordeaux onwards, were bred for encounters in the arena, being pitted against each other or against the bull, the bear or the ass, and even as late as 1906 these encounters occasionally took place. The famous Mastiff, Beaufort, whose measurements approached the standards of perfection were, 27 inch skull, and the length of his muzzle was 4 inches, whilst he stood 29 1/2 inches at the shoulder, and therefore weighted about 160 lbs, forty pounds more than the average Dogue de Bordeaux.
In 1907 the dog's use in the arena in France began to be entirely discontinued, and at the Paris dog show that year there was only 10 Dogues on view, and the winners had button ears and black mask, like English Mastiffs.

THE NAME BULLDOG
During the reign of Mary, Elizabeth, James 1 and Charles 1, which covered the years 1553 to 1649, the bating of bulls and full grown bears by dogs was a very popular sport. Hentzner, in his itinerary, printed in Latin in the reign of Queen Elizabeth in 1598, stated that there was a place built in the form of a theater for bating and "great English dogs" which shows that in 1598 they were still very large.

In 1556 Philip II became king of Spain and introduced great numbers of English Alaunts into Spain and the Islands of Cuba and Majorca for the purpose of the arena. In my own mind there is very little doubt that the dog from Burgos depicted in the old bronze plaque, dated 1625, was a descendant of these English dogs or was an imported English dog himself.

It was not until 1631, in the reign of Charles I, that the name "BULLDOG" was first mentioned in England. There is a letter in the record office which was written in 1632 from St. Sebastion in Spain, by an Englishman called Prestwich Eaton to his friend George Wellingham in St. Swithens s Lane, London, asking for a good "MASTIFF" dog and two "BULLDOGS" to be sent out to him. This is definite proof that six years after the Burgos plague the export of Bulldogs {as they were just beginning to be called} from England to the sport loving Dons of Spain, which had been commenced by Philip II 75 years earlier, was still continuing.

The cropped dog depicted on the old Spanish plaque of 1625 was very noticeable a big dog and very noticeable a BULLDOG, being much underhung, with a big skull and well laid back nose. Many years later in the year 1840, Bill George imported from Spain a big BULLDOG, which was called Big Headed BIlly, whilst in 1868 Mr. Marquart brought over Bonnhomme and Lisbon, and in 1873 Mr. Frank Adcock acquired Toro and Alphonse in Madrid. All these five were termed purebred Spanish Bulldogs, and they were exactly of the type depicted on the 1625 plaque. Big headed Billy was a brindle pied, Bonhomme a brindle, Torro a red carroty brindle, and Alphonse a fawn with a black mask and white markings, and all these four dogs weighted 90 lbs. I heard it stated that Lisbon and Alphonse were both noted dogs in the arena in Spain. Torro had a 22 inch skull, stood 22 inches at the shoulder, and measured 2 1/2 inches from the corner of his eye to the tip of his nose. It is clear to me that these big 90 lb Spanish dogs were reasonably short in face with proper Bulldog tails having a downward crook at the root and at the end. They were all cropped.

Ball, owned by Mr. Lovell referred to as a British Bulldog Standard London around 1865
It seems to me quite clear that the Dogue de Bordeaux, which averaged 120 lbs. in weight and was 25 1/2 inches in height, 26 1/2 inches in skull circumference, and three inches in length of face. With in many cases light eyes and red noses, and in all cases only slight projection of underjaw had tails which reached in the hocks, represented the English Alant as bread in England and Bordeaux in the years 1151/1411.

Whilst the Spanish Bulldog, which averaged only 90 lbs in weight. 2 1/2 inches in length of face, and which had dark eyes and a black nose and mask . Was well underhung with a moderately short crooked down tail. The Bulldogs rolling gate represented the English Bulldog as bread in the years 1556/1649, when the Bulldog was just beginning to be a different dog from the Mastiff.

To the modern eyes the Dogue de Bordeaux and the Spanish Bulldog would appear to be of Mastiff type, but the Bulldog less so clearly due the fact that the English dogs which began to go out to Spain in 1556 were already much more of the Bulldog type than the English dogs that went to Bordeaux in the years 1151/1411, before the Bulldog and the mastiff had begun to emerge from the Alaunt and to take definite shapes of their own.

THE SMALLER DOG APPEARS.
The new system of Bull-baiting, as practiced from 1686 onwards favored an active dog of moderately low stature and size. With his nose will laid back and a protruding underjaw. The great Bulldog of 90 lbs in weight which had been in Vogue when bull-baiting was the sport of kings, was no longer wanted. Whilst the common folk who now gad the sport in hand could not afford to keep such Hugh animals. Much can happen to change a breed of a dog in fifty years and by inbreeding and breeding with a fixed purpose in view, between the years of 1686 and 1735, a dog of definite type and of an average weight of 50 to 60 lbs, was produced. The dog of 1735, was smaller in skull than the Bulldog of today 1933, longer in face, higher in shoulder, not so wide in front, lighter in bone and body, and less exaggerated in every way. The Bulldog that was gradually evolved in the years 1686/1735, though finally more than 40% lighter than his ancestors and was not only the bravest dog but actually the bravest creature on earth, not even excepting the old English Game Cock. This was an indisputable fact, which was proven time and time again.
A number of Bulldogs were matched against George Wombwell's lions in Warwickshire in 1825.

The dog which was produced in the years 1686/1735, was the dog for the bull, and it was during those years and not before then, that the Bulldog was taught and trained to pen the bull by the nose and never to attack him in any other place. As early as 1710 this method of attack became an inherited tendency and even today, though bull-bating was abolished 98 years ago, or around 1835.

Reproduction of an oil painting, probably by Charles Towne, Circa 1800.

DOG FIGHTING: AND THE BULL TERRIER
From 1735 to 1835 the Bulldog was bread on the same lines with no alterations in type. In 1835 the cruel practice of Bull-baiting was prohibited by law and the Bulldog's true occupation disappeared. He would probably have most died out but for the barbarous so called sport of dog fighting. Dog fighting commenced about 1690, in the reign of James II. Burnette in his "History of My Own Times" written about 1700, refers to dog fighting and the gardens at which these scenes were enacted. For fully 100 years the Bulldog was the only dog used in this cruel pastime, but in or about the year 1800 the devotees of the game sought to produce a quicker dog in the pit.

At this time there were many smooth coated Old English Terriers in varied colorings, but all smart, active and alert. Excellent for Killing rats or unearthing the fox. the larger types of these Terriers were crossed with the Bulldog and the product which was a dog that combined all the dash and speed of the terrier with the indomitable courage and fighting instinct of the Bulldog. These dogs were known as Bull Terriers. In the years 1800 and 1835, when the notorious Westminster Pit flourished, the young Corinthians of those days indulged freely in dog fighting. And it is probable that a certain number of pure Bulldogs were fought in the pit till at least 1840.

From a colored engraving of Westminster Pit.

Web masters note: This in the beginning of the PIT BULL as we know him today or American Pit Bull Terrier. I am sorry to say that many of the so called American Bulldogs today have some Terrier blood as well as Mastiff, Bull mastiff, Dogue de Bordeaux, Louisiana Catahoula Cur, Boxier or, the modern English Bulldog. Be very cautious in buying a so-called American Bulldog. Four major guidelines, COMPARE : Breeders, Pictures, Registries and Health.

The New Complete Bulldog, Champion English Bulldogs, Keep'em in the shade girls.
Dog fighting, as well as bull and bear baiting, was made illegal in 1835, but it continued to be carried on secretly in quite an extensive manner until about 1880, more especially in London, Birmingham, Liverpool and several towns in the black country, notably Walsall.
From 1840 till about 1855 no other dog was used in the pit but the comparatively short faced, course and bandy legged Bull Terrier. In about 1855 James Hinks, of Birmingham, produced the first of the modern white Bull Terriers, which he had obtained by crossing the Bulldog and the Terrier with the refined and graceful white English Terrier. After 1880 police supervision became much more strict, though fights were secretly staged in different towns on a number of occasions between 1880 and 1899, that being the last year I ever heard of a dog fight being held.

BULLDOGS A CENTURY AGO
Let us now revert to the year 1835, when bull bating, bear bating and dog fighting were abolished by law. The Bulldog was then looked upon as the associate of rogues and vagabonds and was condemned by the better class of people for keeping bad company. For five years, the Bulldog was probably only kept in existence by the fact that he still had a few admirers who stuck to him as a fighting dog. But by 1840 there were probably less Bulldogs in England than at any period during the breed existence. The bulk of Bulldogs at that time were 45 to 50 pound dogs upon the lines which they had been bred for that type and purpose had emerged about 1735, that is to say they were extremely active, powerful, game and tenacious dogs, much more leggyand much less coddley and not nearly so heavy built as our present day dogs, but nevertheless very muscular and compact, as shown in Scott's engraving of Crib and Rosa, dated 1817.

Reproduction of an oil painting, portraits of Rosa and Crib.

At the same time there were still in existence a certain number of much bigger dogs running up to 65 pounds in weight and these were undoubtable the remanats of the days when Bulldogs were 90 pound dogs. These remnants of the old type were mostly in the hands of one or two people, notably Bill George, who in 1838 had succeeded Ben White as a keeper of baiting and fighting dogs and they were naturally more of a Mastiff type than the smaller and more popular dog.

Ben White 1836 running his Bulldogs at head of Bill Gibbons Bull.

This was the position of 1840 and it was fortunate for the Bulldog that just about then, the interest in the dogs began to increase and working man fanciers began to arise who bred dogs with great care and who held small Public-House evening shows, where their dogs paraded on the sanded floors of rap rooms, the landlord usually providing the prizes, though sometimes the working men who kept these dogs, clubbed together to contribute a handsome silver collar, or something of that sort.

THE PUG CROSS AND IT'S EFFECTS
The dogs which epically appealed to those good old working men fanciers were King Charles Spaniels and Bulldogs and as they always preferred a little dog, there is no doubt that they crossed some of their smaller sized Bulldog bitches with Pug dogs, in order to reduce the size of the progeny and also to produce the fawn emut color which was then much admired. The average weight of the Pug dog of those days was 20 lbs. and their ears when not shorn off and rounded close to the head, were then as often Rose as Button. By crossing the two breeds over a decade of years, lightweight Bulldogs were produced weighting between 12 and 20 lbs., It being the desire of these dog fanciers to bantamize the Bulldog and produce as attractive a pet that would cost no more to rear than their Toy Spaniels and for which they would have a ready Sale. There is no doubt that this Pug cross had a lot to do with the prevalence later on of the Fawn Emut or fallow emut Bulldog and with the prevalence of the SCREW TAIL, although less headstrong and daredevil in character. But as the Bulldog was much more the stronger character of the two it is doubtful the alliance with the Pug actually affected the courage of the progeny and as a matted of fact, the lightweight Bulldogs of the fifties, sixties and the seventies were particularly game little dogs often quite useful in the RAT PIT.
In 1859 open dog shows began to be held and the commencement of the dog show era immediately created an incentive for breeding Bulldogs for show purposes. The original show dogs were of the type as follows:

1. The dog which had been specifically bred to bait the bull from 1735 "when this dog first attained a very definite type" until bull baiting was abolished in 1835 and which since 1835 had maintained it's existence by reason, first of a dog fighter and later of pot house shows. These dogs varied from 45 to 50 pounds, as a rule.

2. The big dogs of more or less Mastiff type which were the remnants of the original 90 lbs. Bulldogs. By 1859 had been reduced in size to 60 lbs. These dogs received a stimulus by the importation of the Spanish Bulldog, Big-Headed Billy in 1840. Bill Georges famous White dog Dan, which weighted 65 lbs. and was sold for 100 pounds, was a grandson of Big Headed Billy.

3. The little dogs of 12 to 25 pounds in weight which had been produced by inbreeding smaller sized Bulldogs and by crossing these small sized bitches with Pug dogs in the years 1835 to 1845. At the early shows, from 1859 to 1870, Classes were always provided for dogs under 20 pounds. And those cases were as a rule were well filled. The little dogs as might be expected from their breeding, were usually very short in face with noses well laid back. They were chiefly bred in London, Nottingham and Birmingham.

THE SPANISH INVASION
In the years 1868 to 1873 the fresh importation's of Spanish bulldogs by Mr. Marquart and Mr. Frank Adcock further increased to the numbers and probably also to the size of the large-sized Bulldogs, though only four or five Kennels used these imported Bulldogs at stud. These importation's greatly incensed the breeders who swore by the 50 lb. dog as specifically bred for bull-baiting as being the original British Bulldog, which in actual fact he was not and it was the outburst of horror at the dangers of the Spanish Invasion which caused the formation of the Bulldog club in 1875.

It cannot be proved that any fresh crosses have been made since the 1870's, but it is said that in the middle of the 90's a small Mastiff bitch was on more than one occasions mated to a Bulldog in order to produce dogs of greater size and substance. Whether this type is true or not, it is a significant fact that since that period we have had quite a number of dogs weighing over 70 lbs. some of them decided Mastiff type, although better rearing has doubtless played it's part in increasing size and substance.

The exhibition of the dog of today (1933*) is therefore the result of inter-crossing of the three distinct types which existed in 1859. The large size dog having been increased in numbers by crossing with the imported Spanish Bulldogs of the 70's and possibly further increased by the alleged Mastiff cross on a limited scale is the middle 90's.

Students of the Bulldog who take the trouble to read history of his evolution will readily understand why even today, (1933*) there is no uniformity of type or size in Bulldogs, and why it is possible for two dogs to be of different type and size whilst at the same time , they are both good ones. The differences in type and size spring from the different ingredients in their origin and these differences will never entirely disappear. I hope that my reader will also agree with me that the British Bulldog, the Old English Mastiff, the Dogue de Bordeaux, and the Spanish Bulldog all sprang originally from the same British origin which is from the English Alaunt. It is a theory I have held for years, but have never seen propounded...

Cute Bulldogs :) - Bulldogs are the best !

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 18:42:00 +0000

English Bulldog Grooming and Care

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 18:39:00 +0000

Bulldogs enjoy being groomed (except for the nail trimming), and most love taking a bath. The Bulldog has a smooth, short coat and is naturally a reasonably clean dog. Because of his short fine coat, many people think that grooming is not important, or seldom needed. This is not true!

To keep a Bulldogs coat shiny and beautiful it must be groomed about 4 times a week. The cost of having a professional groomer clip, pluck, trim or shape is an expense you will not have, but there is more to grooming than elaborate coat care.

Grooming should be routine and common, just as it is for you! Start when your puppy is young, get her use to a table or stand to be groomed on, it will make things so much easier for you both. You will also be checking for bare spots, skin lesions, scabs, infection, flaky skin, rough skin and other problems. If anything is not normal you will notice it right away, which is the best time to catch a problem. This may seem like a lot of work but in fact it will only take 5 to 10 minutes a day. Don’t forget to check between her toes for cysts or inflamed areas, look over her wrinkles and tail area while examining her.

BRUSHING~

Your dog’s coat is a good indicator of problems, it is the first sign for you when something is wrong. Is the shedding minimal or is it excessive? If it is not a seasonal change then it must be another reason- Stress? Worms? Fleas? Diet Change? All these and more can cause shedding, have your vet examine her if you feel this is a non seasonal excessive change is shedding. As a rule bulldogs don’t shed much. Daily care would be starting to brush her from the shoulder area and going back toward the tail. Always follow the natural lay of the hair. Use a quality brush, a slicker brush, hand brush, grooming glove or a tight rubber pronged brush. Any pet store has these for a few dollars. If you find that there is a doggie odor and its not related to a health condition or the smell is just slight and its not coming from the wrinkles, tail pocket or ears then you may spray a few squirts of a deodorizer made for dogs on the coat after brushing or a coat enhancer. Bulldog hair
seems to be hard to remove from furniture and clothes as its fine and small.

EARS~

Check the inside of the ears good, if you smell a odor then you should have your pet examined by a vet. Clean the ears out with a warm water cloth and remove any debris and dirt. A cotton Q-tip may be used at the edge of the ear canal, A WORD OF CAUTION, don’t insert the Q-tip into the canal, if you can’t see the end of the Q-tip then its in to far and could cause some serious damage to the ears. You may also use some peroxide instead of water to help in the removal of debris.

If the canal is swollen, red or inflamed you should have her examined by your vet. Ear infections often take a long time to clear up if they are not caught early. Warm mineral oil will help in keeping the ear folds from drying out, only do this once a week and then just a drop. If your dogs nose is dry and rough then use some mineral oil on it.

WRINKLES~

A bulldogs face is covered with wrinkles and is his trademark for sure. That trademark requires cleaning, use a mild soap and water solution to clean. If your dog has a heavy nose wrinkle, lift it and clean, rinse and dry it well, the tail pocket should also be cleaned the same way. Many owners will also put some corn starch, medicated powder or baby powder in there when finished. You can use this to keep things looking good, if it is dry and flaky you may want to put a small amount of a diaper rash ointment in there like Desitan ointment instead of the powder or if the rash is severe. Remember to keep her vulva area cleaned (not inside, only the exterior part) with warm water as bulldogs need some help with that. Keep the male Bulldog clean as well. This is the last thing you should wipe and clean before your done.

EYES AND TEAR STAINS~

Check the eyes to see that they are clean and normal. They should be well formed and bright. You will notice any changes if they occur. If there is excess drainage, yellow, green or a foul smell draining from the eyes see your vet.

Tear stains is a debated issue that has many possible causes and cures. The methods used to rid the stains varies from breeder to breeder and vet to vet. This is the price we pay for those beautiful sourmug faces, TEAR STAINS. Here is one formula that has been proven to work well.

To prevent this from happening wash the area daily with warm water and a wash cloth, if this fails and your Bulldog gets tear stains then try this:

Mix equal parts of hydrogen peroxide and white milk of magnesia with enough corn starch to make a paste. Apply this mixture to the stained area 2 times a day until it is starts to go away(about 7-9 days), then apply once a day(for the next 1-2 weeks or until it is gone). You should see results starting in about 7 days. After the stain is gone stop using the mixture and just wash with warm water and dry to keep it looking nice.

BRUSHING THE TEETH~

There is many tooth brushes and products out there to use for brushing your Bulldogs teeth and it should be done 3 times a week and give a few crunchy treats to help aid in his oral care as well. If the gums are inflamed and red or irritated see your vet.

BATHING~

Most Bulldogs enjoy getting a bath. It is suggested that unless your dog gets dirty she should only have a bath about 1 time a month. Bulldogs are inside dogs and usually don’t get very dirty. Use water that is lukewarm and try to give the bath in the morning so the Bulldog can find a window with the sun shinning in to lay in front of it to dry. Bath your Bulldog in a gentle and mild soap, remember that a dog skin is more sensitive than your skin. Avoid getting water and soap in the eyes, ears and nose. Talk with your dog while giving the bath and positive words goes a long way with a Bulldog. Start at the shoulders and work back, rinse well and dry with a towel, brush the coat when your done and again when the dog is dry. Frequent brushing will do more good for your dogs coat and appearance than bathing will do. Bulldogs are beautiful!

Boston Terrier vs French Bulldog

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 18:37:00 +0000

What do a smart stylish dog and a sweet natured clown dog have in common? Beside their batlike ears, Boston terriers and French bulldogs also share the same forefather—Bulldog. On appearance and temperament, they do share many similar qualities however they require different type of owner. Both Bostons and Frenchies are great people pleasers however Bostons are ideal family dogs while Frenchies are more of the monogamy type (only bond with one person) of dogs.

This is not to say you can’t have one of each living in the same household. You may need to make some adjustments and give proper trainings.

Boston Terrier vs. French Bulldog

Breed	Boston Terrier	French Bulldog
Country of Origin	United States	France
AKC / KC Groups	Non-Sporting Group / Utility Group	Non-Sporting Group / Utility Group
Original Function	Companion	Companion

French bulldog

Physical Appearance

Coat Color	Brindle, seal, or black with even white markings—should be on muzzle, between eyes, blaze collar, forechest, and part or whole of forelegs and hindlegs.	Brindle, fawn, or pied (predominantly white with brindle markings.
Coat Type	Short and smooth	Short, soft, and close lying
Head	Square wrinkle free skull, jaw, and muzzle. The muzzle is deep and short, with a black nose.	Very large, with a pushed-in muscular appearance and wrinkle skin. The upper lip hang low over the sides of the lower jaw.
Eyes	Large, round, and set wide apart. Dark brown in color.	Set low and far apart. Round and very dark brown.
Ears	Small, thin, erect, and set at the corners of the skull.	Big batlike ears but thin in texture.
Body	Compact and quite muscular with a short back and loins. Chest is deep and wide.	Wide body, heavy bone, muscular build. Deep chest and short back, arched over narrow loins and hindquarters.
Tail	Set and carried low. Short and either straight or twisted.	Set and carried low. Tapers rapidly to a point from a wide base.
Height	15 – 17 inches	11 – 13 inches
Weight	10 – 25 lbs. Three groups—15 lbs and under, 15 – 20 lbs, and up to 25 lbs.	24 – 28 lbs

Temperament, Needs, and Learning

Overall Temperament	Very affectionate, lively, and intelligent.	Deeply affectionate, Sweet, amiable, easy going, adaptable
General Activity	Moderate	Moderately low
Exercise Requirement	Needs daily exercises consist of short walks and free romp either indoor or in the yard.	Moderate. Short walks and romp in the park
Grooming Requirement	It’s an easy care coat with minimal shedding, needs only weekly brushing to remove dead hair. The face should be cleaned daily with a damp washcloth.	It’s an easy care coat with minimal shedding, needs only weekly brushing to remove dead hair. The face should be cleaned daily with a damp washcloth.
Ideal Home Environment	Due to its compact size, Boston terrier is an idea companion for city dwellers. However, he’s willing to stay with any homeowners who’d offer a spacious and shady yard.	Very flexible dog. Apartment or house with a shady yard.
Ideal Owner	Owner with a semi-active lifestyle. Must be affectionate, gentle, and patient. i.e. family with children and elderly.	Frenchies need human companionship constantly. A “monogamy” kind of dog. Seniors or SOHOs or owners who can take dogs to work.
Special Needs	Can be very vocal. So early training is advisable.	Can become a couch potato. So give plenty of mental and short duration of physical activities.
Intelligence / Ranking	Moderate / ranked no.54	Moderately low / rank no.58
Trainability	Very strong-minded and a little stubborn but learn readily. Will only engage in activities that appear fun and interesting to them.	Quite easy to train (if you make the training more like games) as long as you don’t expect collie-style of intelligent and standards.
Cold / Heat Tolerance	Extremely low / extremely low	moderately low / extremely low

Behavior

Excitability	Moderate	Low
Playfulness	High. Loves games and people pleaser.	Moderate
Demand for Affection	Moderately high.	High
Watchdog Barking	Excellent barker (on demand). Love the sound of his own voice yet quiet at the same time.	Low
Protection	Low	Low
Dominance Over Owner	Low	Low
Good With Dogs	Great with other dogs at home but sometimes may be aggressive toward strange dogs.	Moderately well. However, some males can be very territorial.
Good With Pets	Moderately well.	Excellent. Occasionally may chase cats.
Good With Children	Get along very well with children of any age group.	Moderately well. If your Frenchie is devoted to you, he may not be so willing to take commands from your children or vice versa.
Good With Strangers	Reserved	Very reserved.
Problematic Areas	Like all brachycephalic (short-faced) breeds, Bostons may have breathing difficulties when exposed to heat or over exertion.	Similar to Bostons and all short-nosed breeds, Frenchies snore and may wheeze and drool.

Health

Life Span	12 – 16 years	11 – 12 years
Major Aliments	Brachycephalic syndrome	Brachycephalic syndrome, spinal disc trouble
Minor Aliments	Patellar luxation, allergies	Patellar luxation, hemivertebra
Recommended Food	Beef, fish	Beef, wheat, oats

Skateboarding Dog

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 09:07:00 +0000

One year old Tillman the skateboarding bulldog from the iphone commercial. All clips are from January 2007 re-edited & unconverted to HD. Tillman was a little over a year old at the time and is a much better skateboarder now.

A little history of the first video. I Filmed the video using a just purchased Panasonic Lumix TZ1. I was bicycling through Venice Beach California when I came upon the skateboarding dog. This was probably the only time I used the Lumix's wide screen movie mode.

I suspect one of the biggest reasons my video was selected, second only to the awesome Tillman, was not much user generated 16:9 content was available on youtube.(iphone is 16:9) Originally the first video had the soundtrack "Giving In" by linkin Park. Once the video appeared in iphone commercials I panicked and removed the video from youtube because of the attention and I had no rights to use the song. As time approached for Apple's release of the iphone with youtube, youtube contacted me and requested I reinstate the video without the soundtrack. Youtube wanted users to be able to view the skateboarding dog in the store after purchasing their iphone. Unfortunately youtube gave me only a few hours to re-edited video before the iphone release. The original background sound on most of the clips was ruined by hysterical laughter from a woman watching Tillman so I cut and pasted sound in from other parts of the video to cover the laughter. That's why some claim they here the word eskimo over and over-lol. When the original video with the Linkin Park soundtrack was selected it had around 15,000 views.

The Song - The song does not have a name it was made with Sony Acid Music Studio.

How to Care for a French Bulldog By Melissa Maroff

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 09:06:00 +0000

Affectionate, playful, comical, curious and alert--all sound like prerequisites for the perfect mate. And all aptly describe the French Bulldog. "Frenchies," as they are nicknamed, were originally bred from English Bulldogs and French Terriers, and have a personality and needs all their own. Here are some ways to care for this delightful dog with the bat-like ears.

Spay or neuter your French Bulldog. Spaying females before the first heat prevents breast cancer and decreases the chance of uterine infections. Neutering male dogs before age four prevents testicular cancer, helps maintain a healthy prostate and curbs aggression.
Take your Frenchie for regular medical checkups and stay current on vaccinations, flea and heartworm preventative. You can also do a monthly home exam of the skin, eyes, ears, nose, teeth and gums.
Have your French Bulldog's teeth cleaned professionally on a periodic basis. Certain veterinarians and pet teeth-cleaning professionals offer anesthesia-free cleanings. Anesthesia can be risky for a French Bulldog, due to their compromised respiratory system; however their laid-back nature permits these types of procedures to be done without an anesthetic.
Keep your French Bulldog at a healthy weight. Overweight Frenchies are likely to experience a swollen abdomen and breathing trouble. Feed a quality, grain-free or low grain, natural dog food (dry or canned) containing real meat and/or vegetables or a balanced natural diet of real meat and other fresh foods, which will result in less gassiness. Raw diets also work well for French Bulldogs.
Take your Frenchie for daily walks. They are good for apartment life and can be active indoors, but still need regular exercise.
Brush your French Bulldog about once a week with a rubber brush or rubber grooming mitt to remove loose and dead hair. They are average shedders.
Clean your French Bulldog's face folds and mouth regularly with a warm, wet washcloth, since they tend to drool.
Bathe your French Bulldog when necessary. Usually every few months is OK. Clean the ears with a cotton ball and baby oil or ear cleaning solution for dogs. Keep your Frenchie's nails trimmed to a comfortable length (but you can skip the French manicure).

Tips & Warnings

French Bulldogs tend to get along with other dogs, but some may be dog aggressive if not properly socialized. They normally get along with cats.
Frenchies get along with strangers and love every family member, but normally bond most with one person.
French Bulldogs are better with older children, because they don't tolerate rough play well.
Frenchies thrive on human companionship and won't do well if left alone for too long.
French Bulldogs snort, wheeze, grunt and snore loudly. That's all normal.
French Bulldogs can be stubborn and do better with patient, consistent training rather than harsher methods.
Being a flat-nosed breed, French Bulldogs are susceptible to heat stroke and don't do well in extreme temperatures, either hot or cold. Keep them in air conditioning during the summer and supervise their outdoor activity so they don't over-exert themselves and become overheated. They are definitely indoor dogs.
French Bulldogs are prone to eye and respiratory problems. Some also experience joint disease, spinal disorders and heart defects.
Be careful around swimming pools. Most French bulldogs are not able to swim.

Some really cute bull dogs

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 09:05:00 +0000

French Bulldog Breed Standard

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 09:01:00 +0000

General Appearance
The French Bulldog has the appearance of an active, intelligent, muscular dog of heavy bone, smooth coat, compactly built, and of medium or small structure. Expression alert, curious, and interested. Any alteration other than removal of dewclaws is considered mutilation and is adisqualification.

Proportion and Symmetry--All points are well distributed and bear good relation one to the other; no feature being in such prominence from either excess or lack of quality that the animal appears poorly proportioned.

Influence of Sex--In comparing specimens of different sex, due allowance is to be made in favor of bitches, which do not bear the characteristics of the breed to the same marked degree as do the dogs.

Size, Proportion, Substance
Weight not to exceed 28 pounds; over 28 pounds is a disqualification. Proportion--Distance from withers to ground in good relation to distance from withers to onset of tail, so that animal appears compact, well balanced and in good proportion. Substance--Muscular, heavy bone.

Head
Head large and square. Eyes dark in color, wide apart, set low down in the skull, as far from the ears as possible, round in form, of moderate size, neither sunken nor bulging. In lighter colored dogs, lighter colored eyes are acceptable. No haw and no white of the eye showing when looking forward. Ears Known as the bat ear, broad at the base, elongated, with round top, set high on the head but not too close together, and carried erect with the orifice to the front. The leather of the ear fine and soft. Other than bat ears is adisqualification. The top of the skull flat between the ears; the forehead is not flat but slightly rounded. The muzzle broad, deep and well laid back; the muscles of the cheeks well developed. The stop well defined, causing a hollow groove between the eyes with heavy wrinkles forming a soft roll over the extremely short nose; nostrils broad with a well defined line between them. Nose black. Nose other than black is a disqualification, except in the case of the lighter colored dogs, where a lighter colored nose is acceptable but not desirable. Flews black, thick and broad, hanging over the lower jaw at the sides, meeting the underlip in front and covering the teeth, which are not seen when the mouth is closed. The underjaw is deep, square, broad, undershot and well turned up.

Neck, Topline, Body
The neck is thick and well arched with loose skin at the throat. The back is a roach back with a slight fall close behind the shoulders; strong and short, broad at the shoulders and narrowing at the loins. The body is short and well rounded. The chest is broad, deep, and full; well ribbed with the belly tucked up. The tail is either straight or screwed (but not curly), short, hung low, thick root and fine tip; carried low in repose.

Forequarters
Forelegs are short, stout, straight, muscular and set wide apart. Dewclaws may be removed. Feet are moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and short stubby nails.

Hindquarters
Hind legs are strong and muscular, longer than the forelegs, so as to elevate the loins above the shoulders. Hocks well let down. Feet are moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and short stubby nails; hind feet slightly longer than forefeet.

Coat
Coat is moderately fine, brilliant, short and smooth. Skin is soft and loose, especially at the head and shoulders, forming wrinkles.

Color
Acceptable colors - All brindle, fawn, white, brindle and white, and any color except those which constitute disqualification. All colors are acceptable with the exception of solid black, mouse, liver, black and tan, black and white, and white with black, which aredisqualifications. Black means black without a trace of brindle.

Gait
Correct gait is double tracking with reach and drive; the action is unrestrained, free and vigorous.

TemperamentWell behaved, adaptable, and comfortable companions with an affectionate nature and even disposition; generally active, alert, and playful, but not unduly boisterous.

Disqualifications
Any alteration other than removal of dewclaws.
Over 28 pounds in weight.
Other than bat ears.
Nose other than black, except in the case of lighter colored dogs, where a lighter colored nose is acceptable.
Solid black, mouse, liver, black and tan, black and white, and white with black. Black means black without a trace of brindle.

Approved June 10, 1991
Effective July 31, 1991

English Bulldog - British Bulldog breed Information

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 09:00:00 +0000

A Bulldog, also known as British Bulldog or English Bulldog, is a breed of dog which traces its ancestry to the British Isles. It should not be confused with other varieties such as the American Bulldog or the French Bulldog, which have a similar appearance.

Appearance

The bulldog is a breed with characteristically thick shoulders and a matching head. There are generally thick folds of skin on a bulldog's brow, followed by round, black, wide-set eyes, a short muzzle with characteristic folds called "rope" above the nose, with hanging skin under the neck, drooping lips, and pointed teeth. The coat is short, flat and sleek, with colors of red, fawn, white, brindle (mixed colors, often in waves or irregular stripes), and piebalds of these.

In the US, the size of a typical mature male is about 45 pounds and that for mature females is about 45 pounds. In the United Kingdom, the breed standard is 55 pounds for a male and 50 pounds for a female, though it is not uncommon for males to be 60 pounds.

While some canine breeds require their tails to be cut or docked soon after birth, bulldogs are one of very few breeds whose tail is naturally short and curled. A longer upright or "gay" tail is a serious fault in a show bulldog.

Temperament

Despite their famous "sourpuss" expression, bulldogs are generally docile although can prove to be very fast movers over a short distance. They are friendly and gregarious but occasionally willful. The phrase "stubborn as a bulldog" is loosely rooted in fact. They rank 77th out of 79 in Stanley Coren's The Intelligence of Dogs, being of lowest degree working/obedience intelligence.

Breeders have worked to breed aggression out of the breed, and as such the dog is known to be of generally good temperament. Bulldogs can be so attached to home and family that they will not venture out of the yard without a human companion. Due to their friendly nature bulldogs are known for getting along well with children, other dogs and pets.

Health

Statistics from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals indicate that of the 467 Bulldogs tested, 73.9% were affected by hip dysplasia, the highest amongst all breeds. Similarly, the breed has the worst score in the British Veterinary Association/Kennel Club Hip Dysplasia scoring scheme, although only 22 Bulldogs were tested in the Scheme. Patellar luxation is another condition which affects 6.2% of Bulldogs

Some individuals of this breed are prone to interdigital cysts, which are cysts that form between the toes. These cause the dog some discomfort, but are treatable either by vet or an experienced owner. They may also suffer from respiratory problems.

Other problems can include cherry eye, a protrusion of the inner eyelid (which can be corrected by a veterinarian), certain allergies, and hip issues in older bulldogs. Puppies are frequently delivered by Caesarean section because their characteristically large heads can become lodged in the mother's birth canal during natural birth. However, it is not entirely uncommon for a bulldog to whelp naturally and successfully.

The folds or "rope" on a Bulldogs face should be cleaned daily to avoid unwanted infections caused by moisture accumulation. Also, some bulldogs' naturally curling tails can be so tight to the body as to require regular cleaning and a bit of ointment.

Like all dogs, bulldogs require daily exercise. If not properly exercised it is possible for a bulldog to become overweight, which could lead to heart and lung problems, as well as joint issues.

Bulldogs are extremely sensitive to heat. Extra caution should be practiced in warmer climates and during summer months. Bulldogs must be given plenty of shade and water, and must be kept out of standing heat.

In January 2009, after the BBC documentary Pedigree Dogs Exposed, the The Kennel Club introduced revised breed standards for the British Bulldog, along with 209 other breeds, to address health concerns. Opposed by the British Bulldog Breed Council, it was speculated by the press that the changes would lead to a smaller head, less skin folds, a longer muzzle, and a taller thinner posture, in order to combat perceived problems with respiration and with breeding due to head size and width of shoulders. The large head also means that cesarean sections are often required during birth.

History

The term "bulldog" was first used around 1568 and might have been applied to other various ancestors of modern bulldog breeds before adorning the breed we recognize today. The Bulldog had its origin in the British Isles. The name "bull" was applied because of the dog's use in the sport of bull baiting. The original Bulldog had to be very ferocious and so savage and courageous as to be almost insensitive to pain. In 1835 dog fighting as a sport became illegal in England. Therefore, the English Bulldog had outlived his usefulness and his days were numbered. However, there were dog lovers who felt deep disappointment at the passing of the bred, and they set themselves the task of preserving it. They proceeded to eliminate the undesirable fierce characteristics and to preserve and accentuate the finer qualities. Within a few generations, the English Bulldog became one of the finest physical specimens, minus its original viciousness.

It has been theorized that bulldogs were bred in England as a cross between the Mastiff and the Pug, though their genetic origin is debated[5]. Since the pug did not arrive in Europe until the late 16th century, it is unlikely that the breed is an original progenitor of the Bulldog. The Bulldog and the Mastiff are widely thought to have common roots in the ancient Pugnaces Britanniae of Great Britain.

In the 1600s, bulldogs were used for bullbaiting (as well as bearbaiting)—a gambling sport popular in the 17th century with wagers laid while trained bulldogs leapt at a bull lashed to a post. The bulldog's typical means of attack included latching onto the animal's snout and attempting to suffocate it.

However, the bulldog's early role was not limited to sport. In mid-17th century New York, bulldogs were used as a part of a city-wide round-up effort led by governor Richard Nicolls. Because cornering and leading wild bulls was dangerous, bulldogs were trained to seize a bull by its nose long enough for a rope to be secured around its neck. The use of dogs for fighting with other dogs or other animals was banned in the United Kingdom by the Cruelty to Animals Act 1835, but Bulldogs as pets were continually promoted by dog dealer Bill George.

In time, the original Old English Bulldogwas crossed with the pug. The outcome was a shorter, wider dog with a brachycephalic skull. Though today's bulldog looks tough, he cannot perform the job he was originally created for, as he cannot withstand the rigors of running and being thrown from a bull, and cannot grip with such a short muzzle.

The oldest single breed specialty club is The Bulldog Club (England), which was formed in 1878. Members of this club met frequently at the Blue Post pub on Oxford Street in London. There they wrote the first standard of perfection for the breed. In 1891 the two top bulldogs, Orry and Dockleaf, competed in a contest to see which dog could walk the farthest. Orry was reminiscent of the original bulldogs, lighter boned and very athletic. Dockleaf was smaller and heavier set, more like modern bulldogs. Dockleaf was declared the winner that year. Although some argued that the older version of the bulldog was more fit to perform, the modern version’s looks won over the fans of the breed because they proved they were equally as fit and athletic in the walking competition.

At the turn of the 20th century, Ch. Rodney Stone became the first Bulldog to command a price of $5000 when he was bought by controversial Irish-American political figure

Alano Español - Spanish Bulldog

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:58:00 +0000

Alano Español, sometimes called the Spanish Bulldog in English, is a very large breed of dog of the molosser dog type, originating in Spain. The breed is best known for its former use during Spanish bullfights.

Appearance
The Alano Español is a very large dog of the Molosser type, with a large, strong head. Males should be no smaller than 58 centimetres (23 in) at the withers, and should weigh 34–40 kilograms (75–88 lb) with females somewhat smaller.

The coat is short and thick but never velvety, and is most often a brindle of any color; leonado(fawn);black and brindle; sable wolf. White chest flashes are acceptable but prevelance of white is not. The face may or may not have a black mask.

The muzzle is short with the lower jaw slightly concave, and has a very large, broad, black nose. The ears are set high and may be drop or cut short. The skin is very thick, with neck folds and some wrinkles on the face.

History
The name of the breed comes from the Alani, nomadic pastoralists who arrived in Spain as part of the transhumance in the 5th Century. These peoples were known to keep large livestock guardian dogs and pursuit dogs which became the basis for the many regional Alaunt types. The first formal, written reference to the breed in Spain is in a chapter of the 14th century "Book of the Hunt of Alfonso XI" (Libro de la Montería de Alfonso XI) in which hunting dogs called Alani are described as having beautiful colours.Dogs of this type traveled with Spanish explorers and were used as war dogs (as was their role in Eursaia before migration) in the subjugation of Indian (Native American) peoples, as well as in the capturing of slaves.

Bull baiting done in the bullfighting ring with dogs of this type was recorded by Francisco de Goya in his series on La Tauromaquia in 1816.Besides their use in the bullring Alanos were also used for hunting big game such as wild boar.

The large dogs began to disappear as the work they did began to change. Big game became rare, stockyards were modernized and no longer used dogs to hold the cattle, use in bullfights was outlawed, and by 1963 Alanos were thought to be extinct. In the 1970s a group of fanciers and veterinary students made house-to house surveys in western and northern Spain, and found a few examples of the dogs in the Basque areas of Enkarterri and Cantabria, being used to herd semi-wild cattle and hunt wild boar. A standard was written and the dogs were documented and bred, and the Alano Español was recognised as independent breed by the Spanish Kennel Club in 2004, though earlier studies at the University of Cordoba clarified the Alano as distinct from any other breed at genetic level. The Spanish Ministry of Agriculture (Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación) recognises the Alano Español as an indigenous Spanish breed.

Although the breed in Spain is still small in number and the breed has not yet been recognised internationally by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, examples of the Alano Español have been exported to North America, where a few breeders are promoting for temperament and hunting ability.

Similar breeds
Large dogs that are similar in appearance and may share the history of the Alano Español include the molossers of the Canary Islands such as the Dogo Canario (Perro de Presa Canario) as well as the Mastín Español (Spanish Mastiff) The Cimarron Uruguayo is a South American breed that also looks somewhat similar, and is descended from the dogs of the Spanish explorers and conquistadores. The breed is also sometimes called the Spanish Bulldog in English. English dog dealer Bill George imported a dog he called "Big Headed Billy" in 1840. He was used to increase size in English Bulldogs.

Temperament
Since the breed was used for hunting in packs, it is very sociable with other dogs.All large dogs must be well socialized with humans and other animals when young, if they are to be safely kept as pets. Large working dogs such as the Alano Español need regular training and activity all of their lives.

French Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:55:00 +0000

The French Bulldog is a small companion breed of dog. The name suggests that France is the country of origin, but, in fact, the Americans and British may have played a larger role in the breed's development. The dogs are commonly called the Frenchie and are nicknamed "clowns" and frog dogs.

Physical description

French bulldogs are a compact companion dog, active but not sporty. They are muscular dogs with a smooth coat, snub nose and solid bone structure. Their physical appearance is characterized by naturally occurring 'bat ears' that are wide at the base and rounded at the top. Their tails are naturally short, not cropped, and can be straight or screwed, but not curly.

Under the American Kennel Club and Canadian Kennel Club standards, weight is not to exceed 28 pounds (13 kg). In general, "Frenchies" range in weight between 20 and 28 pounds. The FCI does not set a hard and fast weight limit, simply stating 'The weight must not be below 8 kg nor over 14 kg for a bulldog in good condition, size being in proportion with the weight'.

But for both FCI and US:

In its most simple forms, French bulldog coat color can be simply be described as the original pied, brindle or fawn, with a variety of possible marking patterns. The differences in appearance are all due to variants in marking patterns, which range from brindle to pied and to fawn.

Examples shown from the American Kennel Club:

Here are a few examples of common - and not so common - coat patterns and colors within French Bulldogs. All terms should be taken subjectively, as there is a great deal of difference of opinion within the Frenchie community as to which term defines which color.

Black brindle - also known as seal brindle - so dark it may appear black, but closer inspection will reveal at least a few lighter colored hairs.

This color pattern is sometimes referred to as reverse brindle in Frenchies. It refers to the fact that fawn is more predominant than the black brindling.Also frenchbull dogs have very stiff, tall and pointy ears

Tiger brindle is a term reserved for dogs with a coat pattern comprising a fairly regular pattern of alternating fawn and black stripes, similar in appearance to the coat of a tiger.

Pale cream French Bulldog. Creams can range in hue from deep amber to rich butterscotch to palest gold. This color is generally considered to be a dilution of fawn, minus the masking gene.

This color and pattern are referred to as black masked fawn. The base color of the coat can vary in shade from red to tan. The mask refers to the marking pattern on the face.

This color and pattern are referred to as black masked RED fawn, due to the rich red hues of the fawn base coat. We have seen fawns in all shades, from brick red to honey to lemon yellow.

This pattern is referred to asbrindle pied. Brindled areas - areas where fawn is overlaid with black striping - are interspersed with areas of white coat. Markings can be slight, or predominant.

Ticked Pied. Dog has obvious freckled markings among the white areas of the body. Only The Kennel Club (UK) standard specifies 'ticking' as a DQ,but this pattern still tends to be heavily penalized in show rings everywhere.

Red fawn pied French Bulldogs. Paler versions are sometimes referred to as fawn pied, lemon pied or honey pied.

This color can be referred to as either liver or brown - each is a disqualification within the AKC or FCI breed standards. Dog has NO brindling, and is a uniform reddish - brown, with self pigmented lips, nose, pads,etc. Eyes have a yellowish hue.

This is referred to as blue, or blue brindle. Brindle markings on this dog have a "grey" hue, and base coat color is a solid blue-grey.

A Blue Pied French Bulldog. "Blue" Frenchies are a result of the 'd' or dilute gene. In this form, the dilute factor has caused the black hairs to become blue. Pigment on nose and pads is also a greyish blue in color, and eyes are often blue or yellowish gold.

Blue-Fawn A variation of blue, with coloring being seen most clearly in the masking points on the face. Typically they have green/grey eyes. It is said that they are usually produced by a fawn or red fawn parent.

Black and tan the rarest of the french bulldog marking patterns, It has been theorized that black and tan was initially designated a dq because it is a dominant marking pattern in canines. We now know that black/tan or tan points are a recessive gene on the A series locus. there are only a few of these beautiful dogs in the whole world.

Temperament

The French Bulldog is a gentle breed that typically has a happy-go-lucky attitude. Like many other companion dog breeds they require close contact with humans. They have fairly minimal exercise needs, but do require at least daily walks. Their calm nature makes them excellent choices for apartment dwellers, as does their usually sensible attitude towards barking. As a flat faced breed, it is essential that owners understand that French Bulldogs cannot live outdoors. Their bulk and their compromised breathing system makes it impossible for them to regulate their temperature efficiently. In addition, Frenchies are top heavy and therefore have a difficult time swimming. Precautions must be taken when exercising a Frenchie during hot or humid weather, as well.

French Bulldogs can play too roughly for some smaller children, and should be monitored at all times during play. As well, children should be cautioned not to pick French Bulldogs up, as the dogs' small size can mask how heavy they are.

French Bulldogs are essentially a bull and terrier breed, and as such, it is not surprising to learn that canine aggression can sometimes occur. Generally, this takes the form of same sex aggression. Owners considering adding a second dog to their household are usually cautioned to choose one of the opposite sex. Spaying or neutering can do much to curb aggressive tendencies before they begin. The French Bulldog energy level can range from hyperactive and energetic to relaxed and laid back.

Health

There are several congenital diseases and conditions to which French bulldogs are susceptible, although they are still considered among the healthiest of the bull breeds. Frenchies can suffer from Von Willebrand's disease (VWD), a bleeding disorder that is also found in humans and is similar to hemophilia, which can impede their clotting. In conjunction to this, French bulldogs may also suffer from thyroid condition. Many breeders follow a program of testing younger dogs for VWD, and only testing for thyroid at that time if the VWD factor is low. In this program, the breeder tests thyroid again just prior to using the dog for breeding. Other breeders test both VWD and thyroid at the same time.

French bulldogs suffer from Brachycephalic syndrome, which is what creates the flat faced appearance of the Frenchie. As a result, one of the most common defects in French bulldogs is elongated soft palate or cleft palate. Puppies affected with Cleft palate are generally put down at birth, as it is generally considered to be an almost impossible condition to correct. Elongated soft palate can manifest as anything from a mild condition causing labored breathing to severe condition that can cause the affected dog to pass out from moderate exercise.

Frenchies may also have a tendency towards eye issues. Cherry eye, or everted third eyelid, has been known to occur, although it is more common in (English) bulldogs and pug dogs. Glaucoma, retinal fold dysplasia, corneal ulcers and juvenile cataracts are also conditions which have been known to afflict French bulldogs. Screening of prospective breeding candidates through CERF - the Canine Eye Registration Foundation - can help to eliminate instances of these diseases in offpsring. The skin folds under the eyes of the French bulldog must be cleaned regularly and kept dry in order to avoid fold infections. In extremely severe cases of persistent fold infections, some veterinarians have performed fold removal surgeries.

French bulldogs can also suffer from a condition called megaesophagus, a term which collectively describes several esophageal disorders and malformations in any combination from single-to-double or multiple. One of the more serious complications in a dog affected with megaesophagus is passive regurgitation, in which the affected dog vomits up food or phlegm after eating or exercise. Passive regurgitation can frequently result in aspiration pneumonia.

Another result of the compacted airway of the French bulldog is their inability to effectively regulate temperature. While a regular canine may suffer to some degree from the heat, to a Frenchie it may be lethal. It is imperative that they be protected from temperature extremes at all times, and that they always have access to fresh water and shade.

French bulldogs can also suffer from an assortment of back and spinal diseases, most of which are probably related to the fact that they were selectively chosen from the dwarf examples of the bulldog breed. This condition is also referred to as chondrodysplasia. Some breeders feel that only dogs that have been x-rayed and checked for spinal anomalies should be bred from, but this is a difficult position to take sides on. While it is true that no dog affected with a spinal disease should be bred from , there is a great deal of variance in the appearance of a French Bulldog's spine as compared to, for example, a labrador retriever. If possible, such decisions should be left to either a veterinarian or breeder who has seen quite a few bulldog breed spinal x-rays, to avoid eliminating dogs unnecessarily.

French bulldogs frequently require caesarean section to give birth. As well, many French bulldog stud dogs are incapable of naturally breeding, requiring breeders to undertake artificial insemination of bitches (female dogs). French bitches can also suffer from erratic or 'silent' heats, which may be a side effect of thyroid disease or impaired thyroid function.

Thyroid disease may also be responsible for some of the skin conditions which afflict some Frenchies. Skin allergies, obsessive foot licking, and interdigital cysts have been known to affect some French Bulldogs.

Bulldogs on Parade: Photos from the Bulldog Beauty Contest By Vickie Chang

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:52:00 +0000

Catahoula Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:50:00 +0000

The Catahoula Bulldog is a crossbred (not a purebred dog); it is a cross between the Catahoula Leopard Dog and the American Bulldog for a specific purpose. (Al Walker of Animal Research Foundation states: The Catahoula Bulldog is recognized as 50% Catahoula Leopard and 50% American Bulldog in the first generation cross. In succeeding generations it may be 75%-25% mix in either direction.The 75%-25% cross should not be exceeded to maintain the desirable characteristics of each breed.

Appearance

The Catahoula Bulldog is a medium to large size dog weighing in at 34-45.3 Kg (75-100 lbs). The height is 55-66 cm (24-26 inches) at the shoulders.

The dog has the American Bulldog's muscular build with tight skin and a very short smooth coat. Normally it does not have an undercoat but usually develops one when living in seasonal or colder climate. Catahoula Bulldogs come in a wide variety of colors due to the Catahoula Leopard genes. Both pure white and merled coats white with grey, black and tan patches and blotches; some have very large areas of color and smaller patches and spots are common.

The eyes can be a soft to dark brown, amber, ice blue, emerald green, gold or any combination of all of these including heterochromia. Ears can be a rose type to button over and are sometimes cropped. The Catahoula Bulldog tends to use the ears in a very expressive manner.

They can be white, black and white, black, brown, brown and white and sometimes even black and brown.
A red/tan female Catahoula Bulldog 75% Catahoula Leopard and 25% American Bulldog

The tail can be long or a natural bobtail.

Temperament

Though utilized as a hunting, working, and guard dog. The Catahoula Bulldog makes an excellent companion. They are loyal and devoted to their people and have strong protective instincts. They are generally calm though also alert to its surroundings.

Herding and hunting

In herding the Catahoula Bulldog has the natural abilities of the Catahoula Leopard using intimidation to herd on ranches and farms. In hog hunting, this hybrid is strong and intelligent for actual catching of hogs. As a bear dog, the Catahoula Bulldog excels as it has the size and aggressiveness of the American Bulldog as well as the aggressiveness, intelligence and hunting ability of the Catahoula Leopard. From the American Bulldog it acquired the great jaw strength, heavier torso, and more robust legs.

History

The Catahoula Bulldog has been around for over 100 years, for the most part in the southern United States. It is reported that ranchers wanted a dual purpose dog for herding and catching hogs as well as hunting Black bear. While the Catahoula Leopard was very skilled at luring a hog to a pen then escaping over the back of the pen, it was not large or rugged enough by itself to catch a hog. The American Bulldog had the extra size, weight, and strong jaw as well as being an excellent catch dog while the Catahoula Leopard had the intelligence, speed, endurance and the instincts of hunting and herding.

The result in combining the two breeds was a large, more rugged, and more intelligent dog with increased skills in hunting and herding.

In 1951, Mr. Stodghill of the Animal Research Foundation began registration of Catahoula Bulldogs. In 1960, Howard Carnathan contacted Mr. Stodghill writing, "I needed a dog that would be a companion and protector to my children and home yet also was in need of a dog that would help with the farming duties. The mixture of the Catahoula Bulldog fit my purpose exactly." In 1962 Bart Perry of Midlothian, Texas had been active in raising the American Bulldog. In 1968 he became the first ARF Certified Breeder of Catahoula Bulldogs.

The Bullenbeisser breed (also known as the German Bulldog)

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:49:00 +0000

The Bullenbeisser (also known as the German Bulldog) was a breed of dog known for its strength and agility. The breed was closely related to the Bärenbeisser (some believe that the two breeds were the same (the names mean "bull-biter" and "bear-biter")), and the Boxer. There were two regional varieties, the Brabanter Bullenbeisser and the Danziger Bullenbeisser. The breed is now extinct due to crossbreeding instead of the usual overkilling

The history of Bullenbeissers can be traced back to 370 AD, the time the warriors called Alans started migrating from Asia Minor to Europe. They brought large fighting dogs with them (called Alaunts), which were probably descendants of huge dogs from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Steppe (animals very similar to the present breeds Gampr, Central Asian Shepherd Dog, and Central Asian Ovcharka). After the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, by the late 5th century, the dogs were adopted in all countries of Europe. The main uses given to these dogs were herding, guarding, and baiting.

Central Europe was the zone in which the dogs were exposed to experience the greatest changes, though they evolved in each corner of the Old Continent. The main features of the direct ancestor of the Bullenbeisser are the loss of the long hair (since they abandoned the high mountains) and the accumulation of loose skin around the head and muzzle. The appearance of these dogs is quite similar to the modern English Mastiff, perhaps with notable changes in colour. Around 800 AD there were different dogs in Brittania, Hispania, Italia, and Germania, all descended from the Alaunt.

Extinction

The Bullenbeisser became extinct by crossbreeding rather than by a decadence of the breed, as happened with the Old Time Bulldog, for instance. The size of the Bull Biters varied from about 40 to 70 cm by 1850; the smaller lived from what today is Netherlands and Belgium, and the bigger, in Germany. In the late 1870s, German breeders Roberth, Konig, and Hopner used the dog to create a new breed, today called the Boxer. Some 30 Bullenbeissers were already crossed by the Boxer Kennel Club of Germany at 1900 in with Bulldogs brought from the British Isles. The blood composition was 50/50 at that time, however, the German owners started crossing their dogs with all kinds of Bulldogs and Boxers, which produced an undistinguishable breed after the World War II. One reason why such quantity of German blood was used to create the Boxer dog was the wish to eliminate the excessive white colour of the breed, and the necessity of producing thousands of dogs for one of the most popular breeds in the world.

Present

The Boxer is descended about 70% from the Bullenbeisser. The Great Dane was originally a mix 50-50 English Mastiff and Irish wolfhound with later additions off dalmatian and German pointer. The Banter Bulldogge is a very good recreation of the breed. However, the Bullenbeisser was in all its aspects, but for colour, almost identical to the present Spanish Bulldog.

Antebellum Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:48:00 +0000

The Antebellum Bulldog (ARF) or Altamaha Plantation Dog is an American new breed dog breed, developed in the Altamaha River Valley Basin, a region of South Eastern Georgia.

Appearance

The Antebellum dogs' heads are larger and bulkier in comparison to other bulldogs, although the dogs are clearly bulldog type. It is a strong, well-developed, and muscular breed. Males' weight is between 80-150 pounds (36 to 68 kg) standing 25 to 30 inches (63 to 76 cm) at the withers, females smaller at 70 to 100 pounds (31 to 45 kg). Ears and tail are natural, with no cropping or docking. Color of the Antebellum is white, with either brindle, brown or piebald spotted with black.

Temperament

The Antebellum is described as intelligent, dutiful, and responsible, with impressive capabilities as a guardian of family and property, but aggressive only in defense of these. They are friendly and relaxed until the need arises to defend their own. Antebellums are noted for their gentle nature around small children.

History

The breed was developed by the Maxwell family of Darien, Georgia, USA, under the strict guidelines of the Animal Research Foundation to re-establish a breed of white bulldog that partnered loggers and rice plantation owners of the Altamaha River Basin. During the Antebellum period large rice plantations surrounded the Altamaha River Basin. The Breed is a sustained effort to recover and preserve the "Altamaha Plantation dog" of southeastern Georgia.

Health

Though Blue eyes are common, no known ailments other than the eyes colo

American Bulldog breed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jul 2012 08:47:00 +0000

American Bulldog breed

The American Bulldog is a breed of domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Though larger in size, they are the closest surviving relative of the Old English Bulldog, because they were not altered to as great an extent while in America as their European cousins. There are generally considered to be two types of American Bulldog, the Johnson type and the Scott type. These types are named after the breeders who were influential in developing them, John D. Johnson and Allen Scott. These are more commonly known as Classic, or Bully type, and Standard, or Performance type.

Appearance

The American Bulldog is a stocky and well built, strong-looking dog with powerful jaws. Its coat is short and generally smooth. The breed is a light to moderate shedder. Colors, while historically predominantly white, have grown in recent years to include any color pattern: including black, red, brown, fawn and all shades of brindle. The color conformation is quite varied, but blue or any degree of merle is undesirable. It is considered a fault or disqualification by most breed standards. Black pigmentation on the nose and eye rims is preferred, with only some pink being allowed. Eye color is usually brown. American Bulldogs can be droolers. This varies and is more prevalent in those that are looser jowled or lipped. The Johnson is generally a larger, heavier dog with a shorter muzzle. Scott types often resemble a large, leggy Pit Bull. It is important to note that many modern American Bulldogs are a combination of the two types. In general, American Bulldogs weigh between 27 to 57 kg (60 to 130 lb) and are 52 to 70 cm (20 to 28 in) at the withers, but have been known to greatly exceed in that "out of standard", non working, stock. The Johnson type is often confused with the "white" Boxer due to the strong resemblance between the two breeds.

Temperament An American Bulldog is typically a happy and friendly dog that is at ease with its family and fine with outsiders. They bond strongly with their master and family. This breed tolerates children and can do well with them, provided they are socialized early. The more exposure to good training practices, other dogs and people, the more likely the success at being controlled both inside and outside of their environment. One way to help accomplish this goal can be done in the simplest of ways, by walking them regularly in a local park. There they can meet other people and dogs. While its genetics and breeding were to produce a working farm utility dog that could catch and hold large herbivores, kill vermin, and guard an owner's property, when properly introduced and socialized, this breed can become a great family pet. Some American bulldogs are very protective of owners, and have been known to become aggressive with other dogs within their territory.

American Bulldogs do best in a home with a medium to large sized backyard and lots of exercise. This breed's high prey drive can sometimes make them unsuitable for homes that have cats and smaller pets, but the correct socialization at an early age (see above, temperament) will greatly increase the chances of them accepting these animals. Aggressiveness towards other strange dogs, especially those of the same sex, is not uncommon.

History in Spain and England

The history of Mastiff-type dogs in the British Isles predates the arrival of Caesar. With the arrival of the Normans in 1066 came Spanish Alaunts from the continent. The breeding of the indigenous mastiffs to the newly arrived ones produced the Mastiff and Bulldog of England. An interesting side note is that all descriptions of the Spanish Alaunts (there were three types) mention an all white, or mostly white coat.

In Spain and England during the 17th and 18th centuries, Bulldogs were used on farms to hold livestock; as butchers' dogs; and as guardians, as well as for other tasks. Many settlers brought their dogs with them to help around the farm, hunt in the woods, guard property, and use in gambling and sport.

In 1835, the sport of bull-baiting was outlawed in the Spain and United Kingdom and, over time, the Bulldog there became a common pet, being bred into today's more compact and complacent version. The product was as much the efforts of selectively bred bulldogs as it was the introduction of the Pug. Conversely, the American strain maintained its utilitarian purpose, and thus underwent fewer modifications; even as its popularity declined in favor of other breeds. Even the slight modifications the bulldog underwent in Spain and England up to the Industrial Revolution (pre 1835), were absent in the American strain. (Most settlers of the American South came from the West Midlands of England and as a result of the Civil War between Royalists and Parliamentarians, well before the Industrial Revolution). Bulldogs in Spain and England were originally working dogs who drove and caught cattle and guarded their masters' property.

History in the United States

The original Bulldog, however, was preserved by working class immigrants who brought their working dogs with them to the American South. Small farmers and ranchers used this all-around working dog for many tasks. By the end of World War II, however, the breed was almost extinct. Mr. John D. Johnson, a returning war veteran, decided to resurrect this breed. Along with Alan Scott and several other breeders, Johnson began to carefully breed American Bulldogs, keeping careful records and always with an eye for maintaining the breed's health and working abilities. The American Bulldog was recognized by the United Kennel Club on January 1, 1999.

Perhaps the most important role of the bulldog and the reason for its survival and in fact why it thrived through out the South was because of the presence of feral pigs, introduced to the New World and without predators. The bulldogs were the settlers' only means of sufficiently dealing with the vermin. By World War II, the breed was near extinction until John D. Johnson and his father scoured the backroads of the South looking for the best specimens to revive the breed. During this time a young Alan Scott grew an interest in Mr. Johnson's dogs and began to work with him on the revitalization process. At some point, Alan Scott began infusing non-Johnson catch bulldogs from working southern farms with John D. Johnson's line creating the now Standard American Bulldog. At another point, Mr. Johnson began crossing his line with an atavistic English Bulldog from the North that had maintained its genetic athletic vigor. This created a falling out between Johnson and Scott causing them to go their separate ways and breed the two significantly different versions of the American Bulldog.

Health

American Bulldogs generally live from 7-12 years, and tend to be strong, physically active, and often healthy. Some health problems in American bulldogs are often found within certain genetic lines, and are not common to the entire breed, while others, such as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), enlarged hearts, disorders of the kidney and thyroid, skin disorders, ACL tears, hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, entropion, ectropion, and bone cancer are more common to the general population of American Bulldogs.