Geo-Graphics https://www.cfr.org/ A graphical take on geoeconomics. en Sat, 11 Apr 2026 18:17:47 -0400 Who Pays Trump’s Tariffs? https://www.cfr.org/article/who-pays-trumps-tariffs Benn Steil Article Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies https://www.cfr.org/article/who-pays-trumps-tariffs Tue, 04 Nov 2025 15:08:03 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Of “Emergencies” and “Tipping Points” https://www.cfr.org/article/emergencies-and-tipping-points Benn Steil Article Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies United States https://www.cfr.org/article/emergencies-and-tipping-points Tue, 09 Sep 2025 15:00:48 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Will Trump’s Firing of the Labor-Data Chief Raise U.S. Financing Costs? https://www.cfr.org/article/will-trumps-firing-labor-data-chief-raise-us-financing-costs Benn Steil Article Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Economics https://www.cfr.org/article/will-trumps-firing-labor-data-chief-raise-us-financing-costs Tue, 05 Aug 2025 16:16:34 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Trump’s Japanese and EU Investment Boasts Contradict His Claims of a Trade Deficit "Emergency" https://www.cfr.org/article/trumps-japanese-and-eu-investment-boasts-contradict-his-claims-trade-deficit-emergency Benn Steil Article Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies https://www.cfr.org/article/trumps-japanese-and-eu-investment-boasts-contradict-his-claims-trade-deficit-emergency Tue, 29 Jul 2025 11:38:15 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Section 232 Tariffs and the Relentless Rise of U.S. “National Security” Protectionism https://www.cfr.org/article/section-232-tariffs-and-relentless-rise-us-national-security-protectionism Benn Steil Article Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies https://www.cfr.org/article/section-232-tariffs-and-relentless-rise-us-national-security-protectionism Wed, 18 Jun 2025 11:52:19 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil What is an “International Emergency,” and Who Gets to Decide? https://www.cfr.org/blog/what-international-emergency-and-who-gets-decide Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Trade War https://www.cfr.org/blog/what-international-emergency-and-who-gets-decide Fri, 16 May 2025 14:19:14 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Could Trump’s Tariffs Replace Income Tax for the Bottom 90%? https://www.cfr.org/blog/could-trumps-tariffs-replace-income-tax-bottom-90 Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Trade War https://www.cfr.org/blog/could-trumps-tariffs-replace-income-tax-bottom-90 Thu, 24 Apr 2025 13:21:19 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Steel Productivity has Plummeted Since Trump’s 2018 Tariffs https://www.cfr.org/blog/steel-productivity-has-plummeted-trumps-2018-tariffs Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Trade and Investment Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Manufacturing Trade War https://www.cfr.org/blog/steel-productivity-has-plummeted-trumps-2018-tariffs Thu, 06 Mar 2025 14:55:05 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Dollar Undervalued on CFR Mini Mac Index https://www.cfr.org/blog/dollar-undervalued-cfr-mini-mac-index Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Economics Federal Reserve International Economics International Finance U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/dollar-undervalued-cfr-mini-mac-index Wed, 12 Feb 2025 14:09:49 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil The Growth Hit From Trump’s Tariffs https://www.cfr.org/blog/growth-hit-trumps-tariffs Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Tariffs Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Trade Post https://www.cfr.org/blog/growth-hit-trumps-tariffs Thu, 06 Feb 2025 10:37:41 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Where Will Trump’s Tariff Revenues Go? His First Term Provides a Big Clue. https://www.cfr.org/blog/where-will-trumps-tariff-revenues-go-his-first-term-provides-big-clue Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post https://www.cfr.org/blog/where-will-trumps-tariff-revenues-go-his-first-term-provides-big-clue Mon, 03 Feb 2025 15:22:39 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Why the Fed Should Stop Forward Guidance https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-fed-should-stop-forward-guidance Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Federal Reserve https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-fed-should-stop-forward-guidance Thu, 30 Jan 2025 15:39:50 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Soaring Abuse of “National Security” Exceptions Has Wrecked the Multilateral Trading System https://www.cfr.org/blog/soaring-abuse-national-security-exceptions-has-wrecked-multilateral-trading-system Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Trade Post World Trade Organization (WTO) https://www.cfr.org/blog/soaring-abuse-national-security-exceptions-has-wrecked-multilateral-trading-system Thu, 19 Dec 2024 12:45:51 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil How Trump Can Control the Fed https://www.cfr.org/blog/how-trump-can-control-fed Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/how-trump-can-control-fed Mon, 18 Nov 2024 11:01:03 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil China’s Central Bank is Becoming the Developing World’s “Payday Lender” https://www.cfr.org/blog/chinas-central-bank-becoming-developing-worlds-payday-lender Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Development Post Federal Reserve PBOC (People's Bank of China) https://www.cfr.org/blog/chinas-central-bank-becoming-developing-worlds-payday-lender Mon, 21 Oct 2024 16:25:03 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Will a Worker Shortage Kill the U.S. Manufacturing Boom? https://www.cfr.org/blog/will-worker-shortage-kill-us-manufacturing-boom Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies United States Labor and Employment Post Manufacturing U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/will-worker-shortage-kill-us-manufacturing-boom Fri, 27 Sep 2024 11:58:48 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Aging Will Hit China’s Economy Far Harder Than Is Recognized https://www.cfr.org/blog/aging-will-hit-chinas-economy-far-harder-recognized Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/aging-will-hit-chinas-economy-far-harder-recognized Wed, 28 Aug 2024 15:22:35 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Big Macs Show Dollar Hugely Overvalued, But “Mini Macs” Beg to Differ. https://www.cfr.org/blog/big-macs-show-dollar-hugely-overvalued-mini-macs-beg-differ-1 Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve International Economics International Finance U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/big-macs-show-dollar-hugely-overvalued-mini-macs-beg-differ-1 Thu, 08 Aug 2024 15:28:16 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Immigration Has Boosted Labor Force Participation, Helping Growth and Hastening Rate Cuts https://www.cfr.org/blog/immigration-has-boosted-labor-force-participation-helping-growth-and-hastening-rate-cuts Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Immigration and Migration Labor and Employment Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/immigration-has-boosted-labor-force-participation-helping-growth-and-hastening-rate-cuts Mon, 22 Jul 2024 12:55:08 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil The Farm Legacy of Henry Wallace: Regressive Subsidies https://www.cfr.org/blog/farm-legacy-henry-wallace-regressive-subsidies Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Agricultural Policy Post Economics U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/farm-legacy-henry-wallace-regressive-subsidies Mon, 10 Jun 2024 13:33:35 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil For the First Time, the U.S. Is Spending More on Debt Interest than Defense https://www.cfr.org/blog/first-time-us-spending-more-debt-interest-defense Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Budget, Debt, and Deficits Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/first-time-us-spending-more-debt-interest-defense Thu, 23 May 2024 16:07:11 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil China Has Become a Major Source of Sovereign Default Risk https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-has-become-major-source-sovereign-default-risk Benn Steil Geo-Graphics RealEcon Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Economic Crises Post Belt and Road Initiative Economics Sovereign Debt https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-has-become-major-source-sovereign-default-risk Wed, 20 Mar 2024 10:10:33 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil With a Soft Landing Looking Likely, the Dollar Falls on the CFR Mini Mac Index https://www.cfr.org/blog/soft-landing-looking-likely-dollar-falls-cfr-mini-mac-index Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve International Economics International Finance U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/soft-landing-looking-likely-dollar-falls-cfr-mini-mac-index Tue, 06 Feb 2024 10:14:05 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Fed Policy is Tighter Than it Looks, and is Set to Tighten Further https://www.cfr.org/blog/fed-policy-tighter-it-looks-and-set-tighten-further Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/fed-policy-tighter-it-looks-and-set-tighten-further Tue, 30 Jan 2024 11:06:54 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil QT and Monetary Policy https://www.cfr.org/blog/qt-and-monetary-policy Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/qt-and-monetary-policy Wed, 06 Dec 2023 15:54:17 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil As China Battles Falling Home Prices, the U.S. Faces a Worsening Housing Shortage https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-battles-falling-home-prices-us-faces-worsening-housing-shortage Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Infrastructure Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Economic Crises Renewing America Post Economics U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-battles-falling-home-prices-us-faces-worsening-housing-shortage Fri, 13 Oct 2023 11:10:35 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil The Root of China’s Growing Youth Unemployment Crisis https://www.cfr.org/blog/root-chinas-growing-youth-unemployment-crisis Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Economic Crises Post Economics International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/root-chinas-growing-youth-unemployment-crisis Mon, 18 Sep 2023 14:48:57 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Driven by Fed Rate Hikes, Dollar Surges on CFR Mini Mac Index https://www.cfr.org/blog/driven-fed-rate-hikes-dollar-surges-cfr-mini-mac-index Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Economics Federal Reserve International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/driven-fed-rate-hikes-dollar-surges-cfr-mini-mac-index Mon, 08 Aug 2022 10:34:58 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Dollar Plummets on CFR Mini Mac Index as Market Calls a Peak on U.S. Rates https://www.cfr.org/blog/dollar-plummets-cfr-mini-mac-index-market-calls-peak-us-rates Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/dollar-plummets-cfr-mini-mac-index-market-calls-peak-us-rates Mon, 08 Aug 2022 10:34:58 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil QE and Inflation: The FT Responds to Us, and We to Them https://www.cfr.org/blog/qe-and-inflation-ft-responds-us-and-we-them Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/qe-and-inflation-ft-responds-us-and-we-them Mon, 01 Aug 2022 12:11:44 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil How the Fed Bond Binge Predictably Stoked Inflation https://www.cfr.org/blog/how-fed-bond-binge-predictably-stoked-inflation Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Monetary Policy Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/how-fed-bond-binge-predictably-stoked-inflation Thu, 14 Jul 2022 14:31:43 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil As China Buckles Under “Zero Covid,” Xi Bets Big on Bloat https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-buckles-under-zero-covid-xi-bets-big-bloat Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Economics International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-buckles-under-zero-covid-xi-bets-big-bloat Thu, 07 Jul 2022 13:27:21 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Why the Fed Is Tightening More Than It Thinks https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-fed-tightening-more-it-thinks-0 Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Trade and Finance Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Renewing America Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-fed-tightening-more-it-thinks-0 Tue, 28 Jun 2022 14:09:53 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil China Bets the House on New Houses https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-bets-house-new-houses Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Chinese Politics and Society Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-bets-house-new-houses Wed, 04 May 2022 09:59:08 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil CFR Mini Mac Index Shows Dollar, RMB, Strength Amid Pandemic Recovery https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-shows-dollar-rmb-strength-amid-pandemic-recovery   Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies United Kingdom Post Ukraine Economics International Economic Policy International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-shows-dollar-rmb-strength-amid-pandemic-recovery Thu, 10 Feb 2022 10:35:04 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil The Fed Should Peg Rates to Reality, Not to Its Stale Forecasts https://www.cfr.org/blog/fed-should-peg-rates-reality-not-its-stale-forecasts Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies United States Monetary Policy Post Economics Federal Reserve https://www.cfr.org/blog/fed-should-peg-rates-reality-not-its-stale-forecasts Fri, 08 Oct 2021 09:25:07 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil China’s Merry-Go-Round of Debt https://www.cfr.org/blog/chinas-merry-go-round-debt Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Monetary Policy Post Chinese Politics and Society Economics PBOC (People's Bank of China) https://www.cfr.org/blog/chinas-merry-go-round-debt Fri, 08 Oct 2021 09:25:07 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil CFR Mini Mac Index Shows Dollar Strength as Inflation Climbs https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-shows-dollar-strength-inflation-climbs   Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Turkey Argentina Post Economics International Economic Policy International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-shows-dollar-strength-inflation-climbs Wed, 11 Aug 2021 11:39:49 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Tariffs and the Trade Balance: How Trump Validated His Critics https://www.cfr.org/blog/tariffs-and-trade-balance-how-trump-validated-his-critics Benn Steil Geo-Graphics United States Post NAFTA Trade War U.S. Trade Deficit https://www.cfr.org/blog/tariffs-and-trade-balance-how-trump-validated-his-critics Wed, 21 Apr 2021 09:17:22 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil CFR Mini Mac Index Shows U.S. Dollar Falling, Other Safe Havens Soaring, Amid Pandemic https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-shows-us-dollar-falling-other-safe-havens-soaring-amid-pandemic   Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Europe Post International Economic Policy Asia International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-shows-us-dollar-falling-other-safe-havens-soaring-amid-pandemic Tue, 16 Feb 2021 15:12:37 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Biden v. Trump on Growth: What the Market Thinks https://www.cfr.org/blog/biden-v-trump-growth-what-market-thinks Benn Steil Geo-Graphics United States Post Donald Trump Economics Joe Biden https://www.cfr.org/blog/biden-v-trump-growth-what-market-thinks Fri, 29 Jan 2021 11:13:53 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil 92 Percent of Trump’s China Tariff Proceeds Has Gone to Bail Out Angry Farmers https://www.cfr.org/blog/92-percent-trumps-china-tariff-proceeds-has-gone-bail-out-angry-farmers Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Trade Post Trade War https://www.cfr.org/blog/92-percent-trumps-china-tariff-proceeds-has-gone-bail-out-angry-farmers Wed, 28 Oct 2020 09:46:56 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Why the Fed Bond Binge Will Boost Inflation https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-fed-bond-binge-will-boost-inflation-1 Benn Steil Geo-Graphics United States Post Economics Federal Reserve https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-fed-bond-binge-will-boost-inflation-1 Tue, 15 Sep 2020 16:07:54 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil China, a Major World Bank Borrower and Competitor, Must Stop Sheltering BRI Debt from G20 Standstill https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-major-world-bank-borrower-and-competitor-must-stop-sheltering-bri-debt-g20-standstill Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Post Belt and Road Initiative G20 (Group of Twenty) Sovereign Debt https://www.cfr.org/blog/china-major-world-bank-borrower-and-competitor-must-stop-sheltering-bri-debt-g20-standstill Fri, 08 May 2020 11:16:33 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Why the Fed’s Bazooka Will Not Stop a Wave of Corporate Defaults https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-feds-bazooka-will-not-stop-wave-corporate-defaults Benn Steil Geo-Graphics United States Monetary Policy Post Federal Reserve https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-feds-bazooka-will-not-stop-wave-corporate-defaults Wed, 25 Mar 2020 15:18:29 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil CFR Mini Mac Index Suggests ‘Currency Manipulation’ Charges Trumped Up https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-suggests-currency-manipulation-charges-trumped The “law of one price” holds that identical goods should trade for the same price in an efficient Benn Steil Geo-Graphics Europe Post International Economic Policy Asia International Economics https://www.cfr.org/blog/cfr-mini-mac-index-suggests-currency-manipulation-charges-trumped Fri, 07 Feb 2020 14:16:32 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil As Trade War Drags On, China Revs Up Its Bad-Debt Machine https://www.cfr.org/blog/trade-war-drags-china-revs-its-bad-debt-machine-2 Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Banking Post Trade War Trump in Asia https://www.cfr.org/blog/trade-war-drags-china-revs-its-bad-debt-machine-2 Mon, 02 Dec 2019 15:03:22 EST Geo-Graphics Benn Steil China’s “Massive” Trade Offer Leaves U.S. Farmers $7 Billion Worse Off https://www.cfr.org/blog/chinas-massive-trade-offer-leaves-us-farmers-7-billion-worse Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Agricultural Policy Trade Post Trade War U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/chinas-massive-trade-offer-leaves-us-farmers-7-billion-worse Tue, 29 Oct 2019 15:25:29 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Housing Market Points to Recession By Election Day https://www.cfr.org/blog/housing-market-points-recession-election-day Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China Trade Post Economics Federal Reserve U.S. Economy https://www.cfr.org/blog/housing-market-points-recession-election-day Thu, 10 Oct 2019 16:16:15 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil Trump’s Trade War Puts “Belt and Road First” https://www.cfr.org/blog/trumps-trade-war-puts-belt-and-road-first Benn Steil Geo-Graphics China United States Post Belt and Road Initiative Economic Statecraft International Economic Policy International Economics Latin America https://www.cfr.org/blog/trumps-trade-war-puts-belt-and-road-first Mon, 12 Aug 2019 11:17:26 EDT Geo-Graphics Benn Steil