SISTEMAS DE TRANSPORTES

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Thu, 24 Mar 2022 02:59:00 +0000

MY ASSIGNMENT MTC

Understanding that the objective is to achieve Net earnings of 2013 in 2015, and with 2,3% as an additional income tax, I suggest to reduce expenses in Selling, General, and Administrative affairs that represent an increasing expense that reduce efficence to MTC operations. So taxes in 2015 might be 19.3% (teh summ of 17% in 2014 plus 2.3% as the new tax applied. That suppose to need to get Net earnings equal to 856.68 with taxes equal to 19.3%, earnings before income taxes must be 1061.56. suposing that most of the costs continue invribale, only reduce Selling, General adn Administrative expenses that must be reduced to 2421.92 that represents exactly 60.71445% of gross profit (3989.04). With this strategy it is possible to achieve exactly the same net earnings of 2013 in 2015: 856.68

Selling, general, and administrative Expenses must be reduced in around 7% to achieve the goal setted above. So how to reduce these expenses? with some ideas as avoiding innecesary transportation costs, looking for more efficient selling operations, focusing on big clients, encouraging 3PL operations with efficent partners.

"Do nothing" results

If the goal is to achieve the levels of 2014 about net earnings revenue decreased with new tax (2.3%) from 5953.86 to 5816.92 and income taxes included 2.3% more. In order to get this selling, general and administrative expenses must decrease from 2683.56 to 2523.80

Hospital groups could be clients with high volumes of requirements of products periodically. So we can think about offering prices with discount based on volumes negociation. Bigger size of purchasing lots, bigger discounts on price. As a strategic partnership based on confidence, a win to win trade.

If i were an MTC customer I would like to have accuracy on lead times, with reduced risk of devolutions with some deffective products, back logistic politics for these cases, and prices with discount for high volume orders.

as I mencioned before we can identify: deliveries on time, back logistics trustworthy procedures, reduced prices for big orders.

if off-site sterilization process is convenient to tercerize, price could be a good reason. In that case is good to identify suppliers with high experience, good background for reducing risk of failing with orders of major clients, and reliability with lead times. Some reasons to prefere making than buying could be: if sterilization doesn´t implies difficult procedures, so it is possible to create a department of sterilization inside the organization. others reasons that could be mencioned is about manipulating products in transportation to places where specialized sterilizations companies are located and represents risks of losing products in manipulating/transport activities, and if it doesn´t represent big savings in expenses.

FORECASTING FOR SHIPPING AND PRODUCTION WITH EXPONENTIAL SMOTHING METHOD

My suggestions in order to improve the process of MTC is:
reduce cost with sell general, administrative expenses
reduce costs about transportation to sterilization process in third party (don´t take back them and send them form the third party location to final clients
reduce cost with smaller quantities of channels to sell products with smart kiosks

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Fri, 25 Feb 2022 02:33:00 +0000

PROGRAMACION SEMAFORICA

Enlace al video de difusión:

INGENIERIA DE TRANSITO Y CONTROL SEMAFORICO

ELABORACION DE LA MATRIZ ORIGEN / DESTINO

Curso con dos módulos dirigidos a interesados en aprender cómo programar un semáforo

Test de autoevaluación:

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Mon, 14 Sep 2020 01:05:00 +0000

Transportation Assignment FedEx

Fernando Ramiro Castro Aragón

Calculate the distances and time between the locations mentioned on the tracking statement.
Identify the role that each leg of the journey plays (e.g. pick-up, line haul, delivery, etc.).
Identify the mode of transportation that is likely used.

MAP OF THE LOCATION (from google maps)

from	to	distance	In vehicle time	Effective trip Time	Mode suggested	role
ROGERS, MN	FedEx location ROGERS, MN	1.8 miles	1:54	00:05	parcel	pick-up
FedEx location ROGERS, MN	FedEx location HAGERSTOWN, MD	1062 miles	14:10	15:24	TL	line haul
FedEx location HAGERSTOWN, MD	FedEx facility NORTH WALES, PA	185 miles	7:18	2:46	LTL	line haul
FedEx facility NORTH WALES, PA	VALLEY FORGE, PA	24.3 miles	6:26	00:28	parcel	delivery

4. Explain the routing between origin and destination (e.g. how much of a straight line between origin and destination).

Analyze the efficiency of the routing (e.g. why the company likely chose this routing).
Express any areas of difficulty.

from	to	routing	efficiency of the routing	areas of difficulty
ROGERS, MN	FedEx location ROGERS, MN	directly	No options	1 area under construction
FedEx location ROGERS, MN	FedEx location HAGERSTOWN, MD	directly	3 options. The shortest route involves lower distance but more tolls	different time zone; 3 areas under construction on the shortest route
FedEx location HAGERSTOWN, MD	FedEx facility NORTH WALES, PA	directly	Have to pay toll Other options take more time and more distance but no toll	none
FedEx facility NORTH WALES, PA	VALLEY FORGE, PA	directly	Fastest route is not the shortest one and have to pay toll	none

Reflect on what you learned in this assignment.

Modal choice depend on distance, nature of product to transport (value, perishability, opportunity, volume, quantity, dead line), freight costs. If it would exist a railway network it could be possible to reduce transportation costs. For long distances we have to take in account different time zones to schedule the delivery. Have to notice about areas under construction on the route.

You could find this same report by the same author in this page: https://transportationplanningeasy.blogspot.com

TRANSIT INFORMATION SYSTEM

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Sun, 26 May 2013 04:26:00 +0000

Modelo de asignación para una red de transporte colectivo

FERNANDO RAMIRO CASTRO ARAGON
D. Sc.
INVESTIGADOR EN SISTEMAS DE TRANSPORTE

Modelo de asignación para una red de transporte colectivo -->

interfaz gráfica a google maps

intenciones de viajes

•Importancia del sistema de transporte colectivo urbano: medio de locomoción de una gran parte de la población.

Problemas que pueden ser resueltos con ayuda de la modelación de redes de transporte colectivo: insuficiente accesibilidad a barrios alejados, tiempos prolongados de caminata, baja frecuencia del servicio, falta de capacidad, vehículos muy llenos.
OBJETIVOS

Desarrollar herramientas de auxilio a la solución del problema de asignación de equilibrio en redes de transporte colectivo.

Mostrar la viabilidad de la implementación computacional de un modelo que resuelva el problema de elección de rutas en redes de gran tamaño.

ANTECEDENTES

Desarrollo de modelos en las últimas 4 décadas

Dos tipos de elección de ruta según el comportamiento de los usuarios:

I esperar en el paradero por el primer vehículo en aparecer de una línea determinada

II esperar en el paradero por el primer vehículo en aparecer de un subconjunto de líneas comunes

DETERMINACIÓN DE LAS LÍNEAS COMUNES

Líneas comunes: subconjunto de líneas percibidas como equivalentes por los usuarios en términos de costo de viaje

Concepto de ruta diferente del transporte particular:

omnibuses tienen percursos preestablecidos.

La ruta es definida por la secuencia de líneas y nodos de transbordo

Se determina la estrategia óptima y el subconjunto de líneas atractivas para cada destino desde cada paradero de la red.

¿Cómo disponibilizar

esa información a

los usuarios?

Creando una interfaz con google maps

•Sistema de información del transporte público en Vitoria, Espíritu Santo, Brasil

•

• http://www.lepilote.com

•

•Google transit

•

•Sistemas georeferenciados para mapas

•Relacionar coordenadas de latitud y longitud a variables dinámicas con las que se representan líneas poligonales asociadas a trechos de rutas en líneas de transporte público.

•Factibilidad de mostrar rutas de

transporte colectivo de un sistema

de asignación de flujo con

transbordos a través de mapas online

•Información accesible desde

cualquier dispositivo conectado a

internet

•Adaptar a otros dispositivos de

acceso remoto a internet con

otros sistemas operativos y

lenguajes como ipods o celulares,

de uso cada vez más frecuente

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Sat, 06 Oct 2012 07:00:00 +0000

Los planes de modificación de infraestructura y gestión vial que se vienen en Lima aparecen en este video. Ojalá que se cumplan a tiempo. Pero no los hagan todos a la vez porque sino vamos a tener que andar todos en bicicleta unos 10 años.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxKQEeFLju8&feature=related

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Wed, 25 Apr 2012 08:21:00 +0000

COMPREHENSIVE URBAN TRASPORTATION PLANNING AND PROJECT II

(JFY 2003)

COUNTRY REPORT
DIAGNOSTICO DE LA SITUACION DEL SISTEMA DE TRANSPORTE EN EL PERU EN EL AÑO 2003

AUTOR: FERNANDO RAMIRO CASTRO ARAGON

Describe the situation of the following subjects:

1)    Present conditions of urban transportation from a countrywide viewpoint

a.    Population of the country:
27.947.000 people is projection for 2005.
27.148.000 people for 2003.
26.749.000 people for 2002.
Between 2002 and 2003 the annual growth rate is 1.49%.
Between 2003 and 2005 the annual growth rate is 1.46%.
Male population is 50,3%
Female population is 49,7%
Better access to family planning and improvement in women educational level is a reason for decreasing the annual population growth rate.

b.    Population of the biggest urban region of the country
8.000.000 people in Lima. Around 33% of the country population.

c.    Number of privately owned automobiles
800.000 vehicles. 80% of trips are taken in public transportation

d.    Basic Fares (Minimum Fares) of Each Public Transportation Mode in U.S. Dollars
-    Bus            US $ 0,28
-    Taxi            US $ 1,50 (it depends on distance)
-    Railway        US $ 0,14 (nowadays the 10 Km metro is not working) (we consider railways for passengers in Lima)
-    Subway        we don’t have any subway in Peru
-    Tram (Street Car)    we don’t have a tram in Peru

e.    Does your country impose tax on gasoline?
yes
f.    If yes, in question 5), what is the rate for one (1) liter of gasoline in U.S. Dollars?
The general tax rate is 19 %. For 1 lt, it is around to US $ 0,50

2)    Urban transportation issues of major cities in your country
The major city in Peru is Lima. Some information about it:
PBI (Internal Brut Production) 40% of the country
Population growing rate 2,5% annual
Metropolitan area: 66.000 ha
Maximal Density: 250 inhabit/ha (Breña district)
Average Density: 95 inhabit/ha
Average time in transit vehicle: 55 minutes
Average distance in transit route: 26 Km
874 deaths in traffic accidents in Lima in 2002. 51.9% because of running over, 17,94% because of collisions. Driver and pedestrian imprudence caused 63% of this facts. (DIPRACT: Dirección de Prevención de Accidentes)
Trip Generation rate in Lima:
1972    1,4
1988    1,1
1997    1,5
2001    1,4
Since 2001 it is obligatory to take a SOAT (Traffic Accident Obligatory Insurance)
Important information about another regions is presented in the next table:

Source of information: INEI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática)

Some graphics about car ownership and urban population are presented with thematic maps of Peru.

3) Present situation and problems of urban transportation in your country

a. Present situation of urban traffic surveys
Daily demand of trips in particular cars is 2.074.666 (18,5%) and for transit vehicles is 9.146.874 (81,5%)
Rate of trips: 1,2 trips/inhabitant in transit vehicles, 0,3 trips/inhab in particular cars
O-D Matriz elaborated from a survey to 10.000 homes in 1993 in Lima and Callao. It was updated in 2000, but it is necessary to make a new survey for more real information.
Motorization rate 86 car/1000 people.

b. Present situation and problems of road traffic (road networks and traffic volumes)
There is not an efficient road traffic control, and behavior of drivers and pedestrians, deficiencies in driving licenses awards, deficiencies in sanction to infractors, and deficient technical exam of vehicles lead to high levels of traffic accidents. 7 deaths a day.
In a countrywide viewpoint we have three road systems:
there is a National Road System with around 78.500 Km of highways, where 17.000 Km belongs to National Road Network with 10.000 Km asphalted, most of them longitudinals, and some of them transversal or bioceanic.
The Department Road Network has 14.400 Kms and 8% asphalted. This system has to be managed in a near future by Regional Administrations.
The local Road Network with 47.000 Kms that represents 60% of total road system, and mostly is trail without asphalt.
There is a railway network mostly used for cargo with 2.200 Km. We can mention Ferrocarril Central that connects el Callao(Lima)-La Oroya-Huancayo and a brunch between La Oroya-Cerro de Pasco. Ferrocarril Sur between port of Matarani-Arequipa-Juliaca-Puno and Juliaca-Cusco. There are another railway branches like Huancayo – Huancavelica and Cusco-Quillabamba.

c.    Present situation and problems of public transportation
Informality in operation of transportation service and rudimentary character of managerial organization (most of the vehicles belongs to individual owners grouped simulating a transport company that don’t attain to cover real operational costs), high atomization of ownership, and high excess of offer service are some characteristics of current situation of public transportation. Currently, in Lima there are 561 companies that have the concession of 728 routes. 572 routes are operated, and 212 of them don’t have an authorization of DMTU (Municipal Direction of Urban Transportation). Many of them cannot be sanctioned because of judicial dispositions.
4)    Improvement plans and measures for urban transportation
One of the major objectives is to improve people’s quality of life. In order to this objective there are some projects that try to change the situation:
Among plans and projects existents we could reference to:
Pro-Transporte
Segregated Corridors of High Capacity. Urban Transportation Program for Lima
DMTU
GEF Project to eliminate vehicles with more than 20 years of age.
Integral Treatment Project of Sector I (Historical Centre)
Interconnection transit routes between Lima-Callao
Integrated Transportation System Program
INVERMET
Exclusive lanes for transit vehicles in Tacna Av. And Grau Av.
Detailed engineering of South Prolongation of Via Expresa
Operational Design of Corredor Vitrina
AATE (Autoridad Autónoma del Tren Eléctrico)
Proposal for alternative system with elevated bus ways
EMAPE (Empresa Municipal Administradora de Peajes)
Traffic Light Study for Lima

5)    Obstacles to urban transportation improvement projects, if any
Judicial dispositions that protect to informal operators of public transportation service are an obstacle to improve the current situation.
Free importation of used vehicles between 1990-1999 has duplicated the vehicle fleet in the cities, public vehicle trips decreased from 89% to 81%. At the same time, transit companies increased from 150 to 411, vehicle fleet of public transportation service increased from 10000 to 47000.

6)    Conclusion
There are many objectives in urban transportation planning. Many professional are involved in this task: architects, engineers, planners, economists. Urban areas must be seen as a hole system that interact with people: drivers and pedestrians, vehicles, and infrastructure. The principle is to get a transportation system to transfer people and goods in an efficient, sure, and convenient way.

noreply@blogger.com (Fernando) — Wed, 25 Apr 2012 08:21:00 +0000

A modo de vencer la inercia comenzaremos cargando con un aporte inicial basado en un documento que informa la situación general del transporte del Perú en el año 2003.