What are the best food plants for a water-wise California garden?

Good water-wise food garden choices include tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, beans, chard, squash, amaranth, quinoa, rosemary, thyme, oregano, figs, pomegranates, grapes, artichokes, olives, and prickly pear cactus where appropriate.

Should I replace my lawn if my water bill is high?

If the lawn is unused and expensive to irrigate, replacing part or all of it with food plants, herbs, California natives, mulch, paths, and water-wise landscaping can reduce water demand and make the yard more useful.

Is drip irrigation better than sprinklers for vegetable gardens?

Drip irrigation is usually better than sprinklers for vegetable gardens because it sends water directly to the root zone, reduces evaporation, avoids wetting leaves, and can reduce runoff and disease pressure.

What crops should I avoid growing in California summer if water is expensive?

Be careful growing cool-season crops such as lettuce, spinach, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, radishes, carrots, beets, celery, leeks, and onions during hot summer weather because they often require more consistent water and may perform better in cooler seasons.

How do I keep a California native garden looking alive in summer?

Use a mix of evergreen shrubs, summer-blooming natives, native grasses, seed heads, berries, and pollinator plants. Do not rely only on spring wildflowers.

Is California fuchsia good for summer color?

Yes. California fuchsia is one of the best California natives for late-summer color and hummingbird activity. Its scarlet tubular flowers often bloom when many other native plants are resting.

Does toyon bloom in summer?

Yes. Toyon produces white flower clusters in summer and red berries later in the year, making it valuable for both summer flowers and winter bird habitat.

When should I plant California native plants?

Fall is usually the best time to plant many California native plants because cooler weather and winter rain help roots establish before summer heat.

Can you create a native habitat garden with no yard?

Yes. You can create a native habitat garden in containers on a balcony, patio, porch, townhouse terrace, driveway edge, school courtyard, or small outdoor space.

What California native plants grow well in containers?

Container-friendly California natives may include yarrow, buckwheat, sages, dudleya, California fuchsia, monkeyflower, native strawberries, native grasses, and other compact plants suited to the local county and microclimate.

How do I choose native plants by California county?

Use a location-based native plant tool such as Calscape to search by ZIP code, county, plant type, size, sun exposure, and site conditions before buying plants.

What wildlife can a container habitat garden attract?

A container habitat garden may attract native bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, beneficial wasps, hoverflies, lady beetles, lacewings, spiders, lizards, and seed-eating birds depending on plant choice and location.

Do California native container plants need water?

Yes. Native container plants need appropriate watering, especially during establishment. Containers dry out faster than in-ground gardens, so watering must match the plant, pot size, season, and exposure.

How do I make a drought-tolerant wabi-sabi garden in Southern California?

Remove unused lawn, use California native and drought-tolerant plants, add seasonal wildflowers, mulch heavily, group plants by water needs, and use bioswales or dry creek beds to slow rainwater runoff.

What plants work in a Southern California wabi-sabi garden?

Useful plants include ceanothus, California buckwheat, coyote brush, white sage, Cleveland sage, hummingbird sage, California fuchsia, monkeyflower, yarrow, Matilija poppy, California poppy, clarkia, and lupine.

Does a drought-tolerant garden need irrigation?

Yes, most new drought-tolerant and native plants need regular water during establishment. After the first year or two, many plants can survive with much less irrigation, depending on the plant, soil, exposure, and local climate.

Where can I source California native plants?

Southern California gardeners can source native plants from native plant nurseries, Calscape recommendations, the Theodore Payne Foundation, the California Native Plant Society, Tree of Life Nursery, Las Pilitas Nursery, and local native plant sales.

Why is seed starting useful for Southern California gardeners?

Seed starting is useful for Southern California gardeners because the region has long growing seasons, varied microclimates, warm-season crops, cool-season planting windows, and a strong need for climate-adapted plants.

What is a seed library?

A seed library is a community resource where gardeners can take seeds to grow, learn how to plant and save them, and sometimes return clean, dry, labeled seeds for other gardeners to use.

What seeds are best for beginners to save?

Good beginner seeds to save include beans, peas, lettuce, arugula, cilantro, dill, basil, calendula, marigolds, sunflowers, nasturtiums, and tomatoes with proper cleaning.

What seeds should not be shared?

Avoid sharing seeds from invasive plants, diseased plants, moldy seeds, unlabeled seeds, chemically treated seeds unless disclosed, unidentified plants, or protected wild areas where collection is not allowed.

California Gardens

How Do I Water My Garden in California With High Water Prices?

2026-06-13T10:35:00.000-07:00

How Do I Water My Garden in California With High Water Prices?

California gardeners are facing a difficult problem: water is expensive, summers are hot, and many traditional landscape plants use more irrigation than they are worth. The answer is not to stop gardening. The answer is to water smarter, remove water-guzzling plants, and grow more plants that give something back: food, herbs, shade, pollinator habitat, and long-term resilience.

If you want a garden that helps feed your family without running up your water bill, focus on efficient irrigation, mulch, drought-aware crop choices, edible perennials, fruiting shrubs, herbs, and high-yield vegetables that make good use of the water you apply.

Quick Answer: How Should I Water My California Garden?

The best way to water a California garden with high water prices is to use drip irrigation or soaker hoses under mulch, water early in the morning, group plants by water need, remove thirsty ornamental plants and unused lawn, and prioritize food-producing plants that give a strong return for the water used.

For vegetable gardens, focus water during the most important growth stages: seedling establishment, transplant recovery, flowering, and fruit production. Avoid overhead sprinklers when possible because they waste water through evaporation and can increase leaf disease on vegetables.

Why California Garden Water Bills Get So High

Outdoor irrigation can become expensive because many landscapes were designed around lawns, sprinklers, thirsty ornamentals, and frequent shallow watering. These systems often water sidewalks, evaporate quickly, wet leaves instead of roots, and encourage plants that need constant irrigation.

In hot California regions, especially inland valleys, foothills, and Southern California, watering the wrong plants can become a monthly financial problem. The goal is to stop watering plants that do not serve your household and shift water toward plants that provide food, shade, wildlife value, or beauty with lower irrigation needs.

Step 1: Stop Watering Plants That Do Not Pay You Back

Start by identifying the highest-water, lowest-value areas in your yard. These are often unused lawns, thirsty hedges, tropical ornamentals, overplanted annual beds, and sprinkler-fed borders.

Water-Guzzling Plants and Areas to Reconsider

Unused lawn: If no one plays, sits, or walks on it, consider replacing it.
High-water tropical ornamentals: Many look stressed in heat and need frequent irrigation.
Overhead-sprinkled flower beds: Sprinklers lose water to wind, evaporation, runoff, and leaf wetting.
Plants with mismatched water needs: Dry-loving plants and thirsty plants should not share the same irrigation zone.
Small containers in full sun: Tiny pots dry out fast and may need daily water in summer.

Better alternatives include California native plants, Mediterranean herbs, edible perennials, fruit trees, drought-tolerant shrubs, mulch beds, gravel paths, and food gardens on drip irrigation.

Step 2: Replace Lawn With Useful Plants

If your lawn is driving up your water bill, replacing part of it can make a major difference. Instead of swapping grass for bare gravel, create a useful landscape with edible plants, native plants, herbs, shade trees, pollinator flowers, and mulch.

Better Lawn Replacement Ideas

Fruit trees: Figs, pomegranates, olives, citrus, and mulberries where appropriate.
Herb borders: Rosemary, thyme, oregano, sage, lavender, and bay laurel.
California native plants: Buckwheat, yarrow, sages, California fuchsia, toyon, ceanothus, and native grasses.
Raised food beds: Use drip irrigation and mulch for high-yield crops.
Pollinator strips: Native flowers and herbs that support bees, butterflies, and beneficial insects.
Mulched paths: Reduce irrigated square footage while keeping the garden usable.

Many California water agencies offer turf replacement rebates, so check your local water provider before removing grass.

Sources: BeWaterWise Turf Replacement Program and California Climate Action: Water-Saving Programs

Step 3: Use Drip Irrigation Under Mulch

Drip irrigation is one of the most efficient ways to water a California food garden. It delivers water slowly near the root zone instead of spraying it across leaves, paths, and pavement.

For vegetables and fruiting plants, run drip lines under mulch. The mulch helps reduce evaporation, stabilize soil temperature, protect roots, and reduce weeds that compete for water.

Best Water-Saving Irrigation Options

Drip irrigation: Best for vegetable beds, fruit trees, shrubs, and mixed food gardens.
Soaker hoses: Useful for simple garden beds and rows.
Drip tape: Good for seasonal vegetable rows.
Emitters: Useful for individual shrubs, trees, and containers.
Timers: Reduce human error and accidental overwatering.
Moisture checks: Prevent watering just because the surface looks dry.

Source: UC ANR: Vegetable Gardening During Drought

Step 4: Water Deeply, Not Constantly

Shallow watering encourages shallow roots. Deep, targeted watering encourages plants to root more deeply and tolerate heat better. Before watering, check the soil below the surface. In many gardens, if the soil is still moist two to four inches down, you may not need to water yet.

Water needs change by plant stage. New seedlings, recent transplants, flowering plants, and fruiting crops need more consistent moisture than mature herbs or established drought-tolerant perennials.

When Water Matters Most

Seed germination: Seeds need consistent moisture until established.
New transplants: Roots need help adjusting to the garden.
Flowering: Water stress can reduce fruit set.
Fruit production: Tomatoes, squash, cucumbers, peppers, and melons need moisture to produce well.
Heat waves: Temporary shade and deeper watering can reduce stress.

Step 5: Grow Food That Makes the Water Worth It

When water is expensive, prioritize plants that feed your family well. A low-water food garden should not be based only on novelty crops. Focus on high-yield, high-use, high-value plants.

High-Value Food Crops for California Gardens

Tomatoes: High value, productive, and useful fresh, roasted, frozen, or sauced.
Peppers: Productive in warm climates and useful fresh, dried, or frozen.
Eggplant: Heat-loving and productive with consistent watering.
Beans: Productive, soil-building, and useful fresh or dry.
Swiss chard: More heat-tolerant than many leafy greens.
Squash: High yield, but manage pests and water during fruiting.
Amaranth: Edible leaves and seeds, heat tolerant in many areas.
Quinoa: Useful in some California food gardens where conditions fit.

UC Master Gardener drought guidance recommends prioritizing high-yielding vegetables such as beans, chard, mustard, eggplants, peppers, tomatoes, squash, quinoa, and amaranth when trying to get the most food from limited water.

Source: UC Master Gardeners: Your Food Garden in Drought

Step 6: Choose Edible Perennials and Low-Water Food Plants

Annual vegetables can produce a lot of food, but they often need consistent water during establishment and fruiting. Edible perennials can become more efficient over time because their roots develop deeper systems.

Edible Perennials and Lower-Water Food Plants to Consider

Figs: Productive, resilient, and well-suited to many California climates.
Pomegranates: Heat-tolerant and useful for dry gardens.
Olives: Low-water once established and useful as a landscape tree.
Grapes: Can be productive with careful water management.
Artichokes: Perennial in many California gardens.
Rosemary: Culinary herb, drought-tolerant, and pollinator-friendly.
Thyme: Low-water herb for borders, pots, and dry beds.
Oregano: Useful culinary herb with moderate water needs once established.
Bay laurel: Edible leaves and evergreen structure.
Prickly pear cactus: Edible pads and fruit, suitable for hot dry areas.

Always choose plants for your county, microclimate, soil, and available space. Coastal gardens, desert gardens, mountain gardens, and inland valley gardens need different edible plant strategies.

Step 7: Avoid Crops That Demand Too Much Water in Summer

Some crops are not worth forcing through hot California summers unless you have shade, efficient irrigation, and a strong reason to grow them. Many cool-season crops become water-intensive when grown in summer heat.

Be Careful With These in Hot Summer Conditions

Lettuce
Spinach
Broccoli
Cauliflower
Cabbage
Radishes
Carrots
Beets
Celery
Leeks
Onions

These crops can still be excellent in California, but many perform better in cool-season windows instead of peak summer heat. Plant them in fall, winter, or early spring depending on your region.

Source: UC Master Gardeners: Food Gardening in a Drought

Step 8: Use Shade, Mulch, and Plant Spacing to Reduce Water Demand

Water conservation is not only about irrigation. A garden that is mulched, shaded, and planted intelligently needs less water than one with bare soil and stressed plants.

Simple Water-Saving Garden Design Moves

Mulch deeply: Use straw, leaves, composted wood chips, or other appropriate mulch.
Shade summer crops: Use shade cloth during heat waves for tomatoes, peppers, greens, and seedlings.
Plant densely but not overcrowded: A living canopy can shade soil, but poor airflow can increase disease.
Use wind protection: Wind dries out soil and leaves quickly.
Improve soil organic matter: Compost helps soil hold moisture, especially in sandy or depleted beds.
Use ollas or buried clay pots: These can slowly release water near roots in small beds.

Step 9: Match the Garden to Your Water Budget

A realistic California food garden has zones. Not every plant deserves the same amount of water. Put the highest-value food crops in the best-irrigated zone and place low-water herbs, native plants, and drought-tolerant perennials in lower-water zones.

Example Water Budget Garden Zones

Zone 1: High-value food beds — tomatoes, peppers, beans, squash, eggplant, herbs, and greens in season.
Zone 2: Edible perennials — figs, pomegranates, grapes, artichokes, rosemary, bay, thyme, and oregano.
Zone 3: Native and habitat plants — buckwheat, yarrow, sages, California fuchsia, toyon, ceanothus, and native grasses.
Zone 4: Non-irrigated or very low-water areas — mulch paths, gravel paths, dry creek beds, seating, and seasonal rain-fed wildflowers.

What to Plant If You Want to Feed Your Family and Save Water

The best water-wise food garden combines annual vegetables, herbs, fruiting perennials, and native habitat plants. This creates food for your household and habitat for pollinators that help your food crops produce.

Practical California Food Garden Mix

For summer meals: tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, squash, beans, basil, and chard.
For year-round flavor: rosemary, thyme, oregano, sage, bay, parsley, and chives.
For long-term food value: figs, pomegranates, grapes, citrus where appropriate, artichokes, and olives.
For pollinators: yarrow, buckwheat, California fuchsia, sages, native milkweed where appropriate, and flowering herbs.
For soil and shade: mulch, compost, native grasses, and small trees suited to your site.

California Garden Watering Mistakes to Avoid

Watering every day without checking soil moisture.
Using sprinklers on vegetable beds.
Letting containers dry out completely in heat waves.
Planting cool-season crops in full summer sun.
Mixing thirsty vegetables with dry native plants on the same irrigation line.
Watering leaves instead of roots.
Keeping unused lawn because it feels familiar.
Ignoring leaks, broken emitters, clogged drip lines, and overspray.

Quick Answer

To water a California garden with high water prices, replace unused lawn and water-guzzling ornamentals with useful plants, install drip irrigation or soaker hoses under mulch, water early and deeply, group plants by water need, and prioritize high-yield food crops such as tomatoes, peppers, beans, chard, eggplant, squash, amaranth, herbs, figs, pomegranates, grapes, and artichokes. Use native plants and flowering herbs around food beds to support pollinators and reduce overall irrigation demand.

Sources and Further Reading

7 California Native Plants Trending for Summer Blooms

2026-06-12T08:00:00.000-07:00

7 All-Star California Native Plants for Summer Blooms That Come Back for Years

California native gardens do not have to fade out when spring wildflowers finish. A well-planned native plant garden can keep color, texture, pollinator activity, hummingbirds, seed heads, and wildlife interest going through summer and into fall.

Inspired by the Los Angeles Times Plants newsletter, “These 7 all-star California native plants will provide summer blooms for years,” this guide highlights seven standout California native plants that can help Southern California and California gardeners create a summer-blooming, water-wise, wildlife-friendly landscape.

Quick Answer: What California Native Plants Bloom in Summer?

Seven strong California native plants for summer color are Saint Catherine’s lace, desert willow, Humboldt’s lily, California goldenrod, toyon, deerweed, and California fuchsia. These plants can extend garden interest after spring poppies, sages, and early wildflowers begin to fade.

The best summer native plant garden combines flowers, evergreen structure, grasses, seed heads, berries, hummingbird plants, and pollinator plants so the garden still feels alive during the hottest months.

Why Summer Bloom Matters in a California Native Garden

Many gardeners worry that California native gardens look tired or dormant in summer. That can happen when the garden relies too heavily on spring bloomers and does not include enough summer-flowering plants, evergreens, grasses, or shrubs with strong structure.

A better approach is to design for the full year. Spring can bring poppies, lupines, clarkias, and sages. Summer can bring buckwheats, desert willow, California fuchsia, toyon flowers, goldenrod, and habitat-rich grasses. Fall and winter can bring berries, seed heads, texture, and evergreen foliage.

1. Saint Catherine’s Lace

Botanical name: Eriogonum giganteum

Saint Catherine’s lace is a dramatic California native buckwheat with large, airy flower clusters that can bring soft pinkish-white summer color to a dry garden. It is especially useful for gardeners who want a plant that feels architectural but still supports pollinators.

Buckwheats are some of the most valuable summer plants in California native gardens because many bloom when other spring flowers are finished. They are also excellent habitat plants for bees, butterflies, and beneficial insects.

Best for: Dry gardens, slopes, pollinator gardens, native plant borders, and habitat landscapes.
Garden value: Summer flowers, seed heads, wildlife support, and strong structure.
Design tip: Pair with sages, deer grass, California fuchsia, and smaller buckwheat varieties.

Source: Calscape: Saint Catherine’s Lace

2. Desert Willow

Botanical name: Chilopsis linearis

Desert willow is a small native tree or large shrub with showy trumpet-shaped flowers that can bloom through hot weather. It is a strong choice for parkways, dry front yards, desert-edge gardens, and inland Southern California landscapes.

Despite its name, desert willow is not a true willow. It is valued because it handles heat, produces beautiful flowers, and gives height to a garden without needing a traditional high-water lawn setting.

Best for: Parkways, hot inland gardens, dry slopes, and front-yard focal points.
Garden value: Summer flowers, small-tree structure, hummingbird interest, and drought tolerance once established.
Design tip: Use it as a light-canopy tree above low-water perennials and grasses.

Source: Calscape: Desert Willow

3. Humboldt’s Lily

Botanical name: Lilium humboldtii

Humboldt’s lily is one of the most striking California native flowers. Its large orange flowers with maroon markings can feel almost tropical, but it belongs in specific California conditions rather than a general dry garden.

This plant is best for gardeners who can mimic canyon or woodland-edge conditions. It prefers part shade, moisture during much of the year, and then a drier period as it goes dormant.

Best for: Part-shade gardens, canyon-style plantings, woodland edges, and moist seasonal areas.
Garden value: Dramatic flowers, native bulb interest, and seasonal beauty.
Design tip: Do not treat it like a full-sun desert plant. Give it filtered light and the right moisture pattern.

Source: Calscape: Humboldt’s Lily

4. California Goldenrod

Botanical name: Solidago velutina ssp. californica

California goldenrod is a late-summer and fall bloomer with bright yellow flowers that can keep a native garden active when many plants are past their peak. It is especially valuable for pollinators because late-season nectar and pollen can be limited.

Goldenrod can need some supplemental irrigation to look its best in a home garden, especially during dry summers. Use it where you can provide occasional water without overwatering plants that prefer very dry summer conditions.

Best for: Pollinator gardens, meadow-style plantings, rain gardens, and areas with occasional summer water.
Garden value: Late-season yellow flowers, pollinator support, and long bloom timing.
Design tip: Combine with grasses, yarrow, asters, and buckwheats for a summer-to-fall transition.

Source: Calscape: California Goldenrod

5. Toyon

Botanical name: Heteromeles arbutifolia

Toyon is one of California’s most iconic native shrubs. Many people know it for its bright red winter berries, but it also produces clusters of white flowers in summer. That makes it useful across multiple seasons.

Toyon brings evergreen structure, summer flowers, winter berries, bird habitat, and a strong sense of place. It is a smart backbone plant for larger gardens, slopes, hedges, and habitat landscapes.

Best for: Screening, slopes, wildlife gardens, hedges, and large native plant borders.
Garden value: Evergreen leaves, summer flowers, winter berries, and bird support.
Design tip: Use toyon as part of the garden’s 70% backbone structure, then add seasonal bloomers around it.

Source: Calscape: Toyon

6. Deerweed

Botanical name: Acmispon glaber

Deerweed is a useful California native plant for filling seasonal gaps. Its yellow flowers can age toward orange, adding warm color and a wild, meadow-like look. It is also valued as a nitrogen-fixing plant.

Deerweed works well in habitat gardens, restoration-style plantings, slopes, and dry gardens where gardeners want a looser, more natural look. It can help bridge the space between spring flowers and later summer bloomers.

Best for: Habitat gardens, slopes, dry gardens, wildlife corridors, and restoration-style plantings.
Garden value: Yellow-orange flowers, nitrogen fixation, pollinator value, and seasonal filler.
Design tip: Allow some volunteers if they appear in useful places, but edit seedlings where the garden needs control.

Source: Calscape: Deerweed

7. California Fuchsia

Botanical name: Epilobium canum

California fuchsia is one of the best native plants for late-summer color. Its scarlet tubular flowers are especially attractive to hummingbirds, and it can bloom when many other native plants are resting.

This plant is a favorite for low-water gardens, slopes, rock gardens, habitat plantings, parkways, and sunny native borders. It can spread or self-seed, so place it where a relaxed, natural look is welcome.

Best for: Hummingbird gardens, dry slopes, borders, rock gardens, and late-summer color.
Garden value: Scarlet flowers, hummingbird habitat, drought tolerance, and summer-to-fall bloom.
Design tip: Cut back after bloom or during dormancy to refresh growth and keep the planting tidy.

Sources: Calscape: California Fuchsia and UC ANR: Fire-Resistant Groundcovers

How to Design a Native Garden That Does Not Look Dead in Summer

A summer-ready California native garden needs more than one big spring bloom. Design in layers so the garden still has something happening when temperatures rise.

Add evergreen structure. Use plants such as toyon, ceanothus, manzanita, coffeeberry, or native oaks where space allows.
Include summer bloomers. Add buckwheats, California fuchsia, desert willow, goldenrod, and other warm-season flowers.
Use native grasses. Grasses bring movement, texture, seed, and seasonal color even when flowers are limited.
Plant for pollinators. Include nectar and pollen sources that bloom at different times of year.
Accept dormancy. Some California natives rest in summer. That is not failure; it is part of the plant’s adaptation.
Water by plant need. Some plants want almost no summer water once established, while others need occasional deep irrigation.

Best Summer Native Plant Combinations

For a Sunny Dry Garden

Saint Catherine’s lace
California fuchsia
Deerweed
Deer grass
White sage or Cleveland sage

For a Parkway or Front Yard

Desert willow
California fuchsia
Buckwheat
Yarrow
Native grasses

For a Wildlife Hedge

Toyon
Coffeeberry
Ceanothus
California fuchsia
Goldenrod in slightly moister areas

For Part Shade or Canyon Conditions

Humboldt’s lily
Hummingbird sage
Woodland strawberry
Yerba buena
Native grasses suited to shade

Tips for Growing Summer-Blooming California Natives

Plant in fall when possible. Fall planting lets roots establish during cooler months and winter rains.
Group plants by water needs. Do not mix dry-summer natives with plants that need constant moisture.
Use mulch, but not against stems. Mulch helps moderate soil temperature and conserve moisture.
Water deeply during establishment. Drought-tolerant plants still need establishment care.
Do not over-fertilize. Many California natives do not need rich fertilizer and may grow weak with too much nitrogen.
Leave some seed heads. Seed heads feed birds and add wabi-sabi summer texture.
Use Calscape by ZIP code. Confirm that a plant fits your exact region, not just California in general.

Sources: CNPS: Watering California Native Plants and Calscape: California Native Plant Finder

Source Note: The Film Dedicated to Jeanette Marantos

The Los Angeles Times newsletter also notes that Santa Barbara Botanic Garden released a short film about enriching Alice Keck Park Memorial Garden with native plants. The film features a conversation with late Times plants writer Jeanette Marantos and is dedicated to her.

This is a reminder that native plant gardening is not only about individual gardens. It is also about public parks, community restoration, local storytelling, habitat repair, and preserving California’s plant legacy.

Sources: Santa Barbara Botanic Garden and Santa Barbara Botanic Garden on YouTube

Quick Answer

The best California native plants for long-lasting summer blooms include Saint Catherine’s lace, desert willow, Humboldt’s lily, California goldenrod, toyon, deerweed, and California fuchsia. These plants help keep native gardens colorful and active after spring bloom fades. For the strongest summer garden, combine summer flowers with evergreen shrubs, native grasses, pollinator plants, seed heads, and plants matched to your local climate.

Sources and Further Reading

How to Create a California Native Habitat Garden With No Yard

2026-06-11T11:24:00.000-07:00

How to Create a California Native Habitat Garden With No Yard

You do not need a full yard to create habitat. A balcony, patio, porch, driveway edge, apartment landing, townhouse terrace, school courtyard, or container garden can support native bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, beneficial insects, and birds when planted with the right California native plants.

Inspired by the growing movement toward small-space native plant gardening, this guide shows how Californians can build habitat in containers and small spaces by choosing native plants that fit their county, climate, sun exposure, and available water.

Quick Answer: Can You Create Habitat With No Yard?

Yes. California native plants can grow in containers, raised planters, window boxes, patio pots, and small garden beds. The key is to choose plants that match your local county, microclimate, sun exposure, container size, and watering pattern.

A small native habitat garden should include three basic elements: nectar and pollen plants, host or shelter plants, and water-wise structure. Even a few containers can provide food, fragrance, color, and cover for pollinators.

Why California Native Plants Matter

California native plants are adapted to local ecosystems and can provide food and shelter for native insects, birds, and wildlife. In small spaces, they also help gardeners reduce water use, avoid high-maintenance lawns, and create a stronger connection to their local place.

The best plant for one county may not be the best plant for another. A coastal balcony in San Francisco, a hot patio in Riverside, a mountain cabin in Plumas County, and a dry inland courtyard in Kern County all need different plant choices.

Before buying plants, use a location-based native plant tool such as Calscape to check which native plants are appropriate for your ZIP code.

Best California Native Plants for Containers and Small Spaces

Not every native plant belongs in a pot. Large oaks, aggressive spreaders, and deep-rooted shrubs may need open ground. For containers, start with compact, manageable plants that tolerate limited root space.

Good Native Container Plant Categories

Native sages: fragrance, flowers, bees, hummingbirds, and structure.
Buckwheats: excellent pollinator plants with long-lasting seed heads.
Yarrow: durable, pollinator-friendly, and adaptable.
Dudleya and native succulents: useful for shallow pots and dry patios.
California fuchsia: a strong hummingbird plant for late-season color.
Native strawberries: useful as a small-space groundcover in containers.
Monkeyflower: colorful flowers for pollinators in the right exposure.
Native grasses: texture, movement, seed, and shelter.

Sources: CNPS: Patio and Container Gardens, CNPS: Habitat Gardening, and Calscape Native Plant Finder.

How to Build a Native Habitat Container Garden

Start with sun exposure. Track how many hours of sun your patio, balcony, or porch receives. Full sun, part sun, bright shade, and coastal fog all change plant choice.
Choose the largest containers you can manage. Bigger pots hold moisture longer and protect roots better than tiny decorative pots.
Use fast-draining soil. Many California natives dislike soggy roots, especially in containers.
Group plants by water need. Do not put a dry-loving dudleya in the same pot as a plant that needs regular moisture.
Plant for multiple seasons. Include winter or spring bloom, summer structure, fall seed heads, and evergreen texture when possible.
Do not over-clean. Seed heads, stems, and leaf litter can shelter beneficial insects and feed birds.
Avoid pesticides. A habitat garden should protect bees, butterflies, predatory insects, spiders, lizards, and birds.

California Native Habitat Ideas by County

California has 58 counties and many microclimates. Use this county guide as a starting point, then verify specific plant choices by ZIP code with Calscape or a local native plant nursery.

County	Small-Space Habitat Focus	Container or Small-Garden Ideas
Alameda	Bay Area pollinator habitat, patios, urban yards	Yarrow, buckwheat, sages, native grasses, hummingbird plants
Alpine	High-elevation native planting	Cold-hardy natives, meadow plants, local wildflowers, mountain-adapted grasses
Amador	Foothill habitat and dry summer gardens	Manzanita, buckwheat, sages, yarrow, native bunchgrasses
Butte	Valley-to-foothill heat and pollinator support	California fuchsia, buckwheat, native grasses, drought-tolerant flowering perennials
Calaveras	Sierra foothill habitat gardens	Manzanita, ceanothus, sages, native grasses, container wildflowers
Colusa	Hot valley gardens and water-wise containers	Buckwheat, yarrow, native sunflower relatives, heat-tolerant pollinator plants
Contra Costa	Hot inland patios and Bay-edge microclimates	Yarrow, sages, buckwheat, native grasses, narrowleaf milkweed where appropriate
Del Norte	Cool coastal and redwood-influenced habitat	Shade-tolerant natives, woodland strawberries, ferns, coastal wildflowers
El Dorado	Foothill and mountain transition gardens	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, native grasses, pollinator perennials
Fresno	Hot Central Valley container habitat	Heat-tolerant sages, buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses, deep containers
Glenn	Dry valley pollinator support	Low-water flowering perennials, buckwheat, yarrow, native bunchgrasses
Humboldt	Cool coastal, forest-edge, and moist habitat	Woodland strawberry, ferns, coastal flowers, shade-compatible natives
Imperial	Desert heat and extreme sun	Desert-adapted natives, native succulents, very large pots, filtered afternoon shade
Inyo	High desert and mountain desert conditions	Desert natives, drought-tolerant shrubs, native grasses, local wildflower containers
Kern	Dry inland, desert-edge, and valley gardens	Buckwheat, sages, yarrow, native grasses, heat-tolerant habitat pots
Kings	Hot Central Valley habitat gardens	Deep containers, mulch, yarrow, buckwheat, native flowering perennials
Lake	Foothill and lake-influenced native habitat	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, sages, pollinator-friendly shrubs
Lassen	High-elevation and cold-winter habitat	Local mountain natives, cold-hardy grasses, wildflowers, larger insulated containers
Los Angeles	Balconies, patios, parkways, urban wildlife corridors	California fuchsia, sages, buckwheat, dudleya, yarrow, monkeyflower
Madera	Foothill and valley heat	Ceanothus, manzanita, buckwheat, native grasses, pollinator perennials
Marin	Coastal fog, woodland edges, and pollinator gardens	Woodland strawberry, yarrow, native grasses, ceanothus, shade-tolerant natives
Mariposa	Sierra foothill habitat	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, native grasses, seasonal wildflowers
Mendocino	Coastal and inland mixed conditions	Coastal natives, woodland plants, yarrow, native grasses, pollinator flowers
Merced	Central Valley heat and pollinator support	Deep planters, mulch, buckwheat, yarrow, native bunchgrasses
Modoc	High desert, cold winters, open exposure	Cold-hardy local natives, native grasses, wildflowers, large containers
Mono	Eastern Sierra conditions	High-elevation native plants, meadow species, native grasses, local wildflowers
Monterey	Coastal, valley, and oak woodland habitats	Ceanothus, yarrow, native grasses, coastal buckwheat, hummingbird plants
Napa	Wine country heat, slopes, and pollinator gardens	Manzanita, ceanothus, buckwheat, sages, native bunchgrasses
Nevada	Sierra foothill and mountain gardens	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, cold-hardy pollinator natives
Orange	Coastal and inland Southern California habitat	Dudleya, sages, California fuchsia, buckwheat, monkeyflower, yarrow
Placer	Valley, foothill, and Sierra transition gardens	Manzanita, ceanothus, sages, yarrow, native grasses
Plumas	Mountain meadows and cold-winter gardens	Local wildflowers, native grasses, cold-hardy perennials, large containers
Riverside	Inland heat, desert edge, and dry patios	Desert-adapted natives, buckwheat, sages, California fuchsia, large containers
Sacramento	Urban valley habitat and heat-tolerant containers	Yarrow, buckwheat, native grasses, milkweed where appropriate, pollinator perennials
San Benito	Dry inland and foothill habitat	Sages, buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses, drought-tolerant shrubs
San Bernardino	Mountains, desert, and inland valley extremes	Choose by elevation: desert natives, mountain natives, or inland sages and buckwheats
San Diego	Coastal sage scrub, inland heat, and patio gardens	Dudleya, sages, California fuchsia, buckwheat, monkeyflower, native succulents
San Francisco	Cool coastal container gardens	Coastal natives, yarrow, seaside daisies, native strawberries, fog-tolerant plants
San Joaquin	Central Valley heat and pollinator habitat	Deep containers, mulch, yarrow, buckwheat, native grasses, heat-tolerant flowers
San Luis Obispo	Coastal, inland, and oak woodland gardens	Yarrow, ceanothus, buckwheat, sages, native grasses, pollinator shrubs
San Mateo	Coastal fog, hills, and small urban gardens	Woodland strawberry, yarrow, native grasses, ceanothus, coastal natives
Santa Barbara	Coastal Mediterranean and foothill habitat	Sages, buckwheat, dudleya, California fuchsia, yarrow, ceanothus
Santa Clara	Bay Area heat, urban patios, and foothill gardens	Yarrow, buckwheat, sages, native grasses, compact shrubs
Santa Cruz	Coastal redwood edges, fog, and sunny inland pockets	Woodland strawberry, yarrow, native grasses, ceanothus, shade-compatible natives
Shasta	Hot summers, foothills, and woodland edges	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, native grasses, local flowering perennials
Sierra	Mountain habitat and cold winters	Cold-hardy native grasses, local wildflowers, meadow plants, large insulated pots
Siskiyou	Northern mountain and valley conditions	Local natives, native grasses, wildflowers, cold-tolerant pollinator plants
Solano	Bay-Delta wind, heat, and urban habitat	Yarrow, buckwheat, native grasses, sages, hardy pollinator perennials
Sonoma	Coastal, valley, and oak woodland habitats	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, native grasses, pollinator shrubs
Stanislaus	Central Valley heat and low-water habitat	Deep pots, mulch, buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses, tough flowering perennials
Sutter	Valley heat and pollinator container gardens	Buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses, heat-tolerant nectar plants
Tehama	Hot valley and foothill edges	Manzanita, ceanothus, buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses
Trinity	Mountain and forest-edge habitat	Local woodland natives, native grasses, shade plants, pollinator wildflowers
Tulare	Valley heat and Sierra foothill transition	Deep containers, buckwheat, sages, yarrow, native grasses, foothill shrubs
Tuolumne	Sierra foothill and mountain habitat	Manzanita, ceanothus, yarrow, native grasses, seasonal wildflowers
Ventura	Coastal sage scrub, foothills, and patio habitat	Sages, buckwheat, dudleya, California fuchsia, monkeyflower, yarrow
Yolo	Valley heat, farms, and pollinator corridors	Yarrow, buckwheat, native grasses, milkweed where appropriate, flowering perennials
Yuba	Foothill and valley transition habitat	Ceanothus, manzanita, buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses

Container Habitat Ideas by California Region

Coastal California

Coastal counties often have fog, wind, salt exposure, and cooler temperatures. Use sturdy containers, avoid plants that need intense inland heat, and consider coastal natives, native strawberries, yarrow, seaside daisies, dudleya, and compact grasses.

Bay Area and Central Coast

Many small-space gardeners in the Bay Area and Central Coast can grow native pollinator containers with yarrow, buckwheat, native grasses, ceanothus, sages, woodland strawberry, and monkeyflower depending on exposure.

Southern California Coast and Foothills

Southern California patios and balconies can support sages, buckwheats, dudleya, California fuchsia, monkeyflower, yarrow, and native succulents. Afternoon shade may help container plants survive heat waves.

Central Valley

Hot summer patios need large containers, mulch, morning sun when possible, drip irrigation, and heat-tolerant natives. Buckwheat, yarrow, native grasses, and tough flowering perennials are strong starting points.

Desert Counties

In desert and high-desert counties, choose desert-adapted natives, use very large pots, avoid small black containers that overheat, and protect plants from the harshest afternoon sun while they establish.

Mountain Counties

Mountain counties need cold-hardy local natives. Use large insulated containers, avoid plants that are only suitable for warm coastal gardens, and plan for snow, freeze, and seasonal dormancy.

What Wildlife Can a Small Native Garden Support?

A container habitat garden may attract more life than expected. Depending on your location and plant choices, you may see:

Native bees
Honeybees
Butterflies
Hummingbirds
Beneficial wasps
Lady beetles
Lacewings
Hoverflies
Spiders
Lizards
Seed-eating birds

To support pollinators, plant in clusters instead of one tiny plant at a time. UC ANR notes that pollinator gardens should provide diverse nectar and pollen plants, and that grouping several of the same plant together can make flowers easier for pollinators to find.

Source: UC ANR Bug Squad: You, Too, Can Plant a Pollinator Garden

Small-Space Native Garden Layout Ideas

The Balcony Habitat

Use three to five large containers, grouped together. Put taller sages or grasses in the back, lower flowering plants in front, and a shallow water dish with stones nearby.

The Patio Pollinator Corner

Place a large container with buckwheat or sage near a medium pot of yarrow or monkeyflower. Add a native succulent bowl for texture and low-water beauty.

The Townhouse Terrace Garden

Use a mix of vertical shelving, rail planters, and larger floor pots. Combine fragrance, nectar, seed heads, and evergreen structure.

The Driveway or Side-Yard Habitat

Use raised planters or troughs. Add mulch, drip irrigation, and tough natives that can handle reflected heat.

The Rental-Friendly Native Garden

Use movable pots, lightweight containers, fabric grow bags, and plant stands. Avoid permanent changes if the space is rented.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Buying plants only because they are native to California: Native to California does not always mean native to your county or microclimate.
Using tiny pots: Small containers dry out quickly and stress roots.
Overwatering summer-dry natives: Some California natives decline with frequent summer watering.
Mixing incompatible water needs: Group plants by moisture requirements.
Skipping establishment water: Native plants still need regular care while they are getting established.
Using pesticides: Sprays can harm the pollinators and beneficial insects you are trying to attract.
Deadheading everything: Seed heads can feed birds and provide habitat texture.

Source: CNPS: Watering California Native Plants

Where to Source California Native Plants

Start with local native plant nurseries, regional native plant society chapters, botanic garden sales, community plant sales, and Calscape’s nursery search tools.

Quick Answer

To create a California native habitat garden with no yard, choose container-friendly native plants that match your county, sun exposure, and microclimate. Use larger pots, fast-draining soil, grouped plantings, pesticide-free care, and a mix of nectar, pollen, seed, shelter, and seasonal structure. Use Calscape by ZIP code to verify plant choices before buying.

Sources and Further Reading

What is a ‘wabi-sabi’ wonderland garden + How to Design a Wabi-Sabi Drought-Tolerant Garden

2026-06-10T11:00:00.000-07:00

How to Design a “Wabi-Sabi” Drought-Tolerant Garden Inspired by a Los Angeles Lawn Makeover

A recent Los Angeles Times story, “Her water bill was ‘insane.’ So she tore out her lawn and planted a ‘wabi-sabi’ wonderland,” profiles Julia Lee, a Cheviot Hills homeowner who replaced a large hillside lawn with a colorful, imperfect, evolving garden of California native plants, wildflowers, drought-tolerant shrubs, and a rain-catching bioswale.

Her project shows why Southern California gardeners are moving away from thirsty lawns and toward landscapes that use less water, support pollinators, welcome birds and bees, and feel more personal than a perfectly manicured yard.

Quick Summary of the L.A. Times Article

The article explains how Julia Lee decided to remove her traditional grass hillside lawn after realizing her water bill was extremely high and the lawn no longer served her family. Her children were older, the lawn was not being used, and ongoing California drought and wildfire concerns made the grass feel wasteful.

Instead of hiring a full landscape designer, Lee used city resources, rebate programs, garden classes, help from friends, and a willingness to experiment. She sheet-mulched the old lawn with cardboard, planted native sages and wildflowers, added drought-tolerant plants, and eventually installed irrigation and a bioswale to slow and capture rainwater.

The result is not a rigid, formal garden. It is colorful, loose, seasonal, and intentionally imperfect. Lee describes the garden as a work in progress. It blooms beautifully in spring, goes more dormant in summer, attracts birds and pollinators, and has helped her connect with neighbors. That imperfect, evolving quality is what gives the garden its “wabi-sabi” feeling.

Source: Los Angeles Times: Her water bill was ‘insane.’ So she tore out her lawn and planted a ‘wabi-sabi’ wonderland

What Is a Wabi-Sabi Garden?

A wabi-sabi garden embraces natural beauty, age, imperfection, weathering, seasonality, and change. Instead of forcing every plant, path, stone, and flower to look perfect all year, a wabi-sabi garden allows the landscape to evolve.

In a Southern California garden, wabi-sabi design works especially well because many climate-adapted and native plants have natural cycles. Some plants bloom intensely in spring, rest in summer, set seed, dry down, or become habitat for insects and birds.

A wabi-sabi garden does not mean neglected. It means intentionally natural, layered, imperfect, and alive.

Photo source: Garden Hose, Flexible Water Hose, Ultra Lightweight Non-Expanding hose with 10 Function Sprayer, Leak proof, Pressure Resistant for Yard, Outdoor.

Why This Garden Style Works in Southern California

Southern California gardeners deal with heat, drought cycles, watering restrictions, dry slopes, fire awareness, compacted soil, runoff, and high summer irrigation costs. A wabi-sabi drought-tolerant garden can help solve several of these problems at once.

Less lawn means less water use. Turf is often one of the thirstiest parts of a residential landscape.
Native plants support wildlife. California natives provide food and habitat for bees, butterflies, birds, and beneficial insects.
Seasonal dormancy becomes acceptable. The garden does not need to look artificially green all summer.
Rainwater can be slowed and captured. Bioswales, dry creek beds, mulch, and planted slopes help reduce runoff.
Imperfection reduces pressure. Gardeners can experiment, lose plants, replant, and allow the garden to mature over time.

How to Design Your Own Wabi-Sabi Wonderland

Start with the feeling you want: natural, loose, textured, colorful, habitat-friendly, and water-wise. Then build the garden in layers instead of trying to install a perfect finished landscape all at once.

1. Remove or Reduce the Lawn

If your lawn is expensive to water or rarely used, consider replacing part or all of it with drought-tolerant planting. Sheet mulching with cardboard and mulch is a common method for suppressing turf without hauling everything away.

Before beginning, check local turf replacement rebate programs. In Southern California, rebates may be available through regional water agencies or local utilities.

Sources: Metropolitan Water District: Turf Replacement Program and LADWP: Landscape Efficiency Assistance Program

Photo source: Electric Pruning Shears, Professional Garden Pruners

2. Use the 70/30 Planting Idea

For an easy structure, make about 70% of the garden reliable backbone plants and 30% seasonal color or experiments.

70% backbone: California natives, drought-tolerant shrubs, grasses, sages, buckwheats, ceanothus, coyote brush, and long-lived perennials.
30% seasonal interest: wildflowers, annuals, bulbs, herbs, container plants, seed-grown flowers, and experimental plants.

This keeps the garden from looking empty after spring bloom while still leaving room for color, surprise, and change.

3. Add a Bioswale or Dry Creek Feature

If your yard slopes or water runs toward the sidewalk, consider adding a bioswale, dry creek bed, or shallow rock-lined channel. This can slow stormwater, reduce erosion, and create a natural-looking design feature.

Use local stone, gravel, river rock, or boulders to shape the path of water. Plant around it with deep-rooted, low-water plants that can handle seasonal moisture followed by dry periods.

Source: California Native Plant Society: Designing with Native Plants

4. Choose Plants That Can Look Good Even When Not Blooming

A wabi-sabi garden depends on texture, form, seed heads, movement, and structure. Flowers matter, but the garden should also have interesting foliage, branching, bark, grasses, and dried seasonal elements.

California buckwheat for pollinators and dry texture
Coyote brush for structure and slope coverage
Ceanothus for spring flowers and evergreen form
Salvias for fragrance, pollinators, and seasonal bloom
California fuchsia for hummingbirds and late-season color
Deer grass or giant rye for movement and structure
Matilija poppy for dramatic flowers and wild texture
Yarrow for soft flowers and spreading groundcover effect

Source: Calscape: California Native Plant Database

Plant Ideas for a Southern California Wabi-Sabi Garden

California Native Shrubs and Perennials

Ceanothus
California buckwheat
Red buckwheat
Coyote brush
White sage
Cleveland sage
Hummingbird sage
California sagebrush
California fuchsia
Monkeyflower
Woolly bluecurls
Coyote mint
Yarrow
Golden currant
Matilija poppy

Wildflowers for Seasonal Color

California poppy
Clarkia
Arroyo lupine
Desert bluebells
Baby blue eyes
Phacelia
Gilia
Goldfields

Non-Native but Useful Accent Plants

A wabi-sabi garden can include some non-native plants if they are non-invasive, useful, and compatible with the garden’s water needs.

Lavender
Rosemary
Borage
Calendula
Cosmos
Ornamental alliums
Edible herbs in containers

Where to Source Plants and Materials

For a Southern California wabi-sabi garden, prioritize local nurseries, native plant organizations, seed mixes, water agency programs, and reclaimed materials.

Native Plant Sources

Water-Wise Garden Programs

Hardscape and Wabi-Sabi Materials

Reclaimed stone
Broken concrete used as urbanite
Weathered wood
Gravel and decomposed granite
Natural boulders
Terracotta pots
Rustic plant labels
Mulch from local tree trimmers
Bird baths or shallow water dishes

Design Ideas for a Wabi-Sabi Wonderland

Create Paths That Feel Discovered

Instead of a straight formal walkway, use stepping stones, decomposed granite, mulch paths, or a dry creek bed that curves through the planting. A slightly irregular path makes the garden feel more organic.

Let Plants Reseed

Allow poppies, clarkia, calendula, borage, alyssum, and other friendly flowers to reseed where appropriate. This gives the garden a natural, self-renewing feeling.

Use Signs and Plant Labels

Handwritten plant labels, small educational signs, or “Think Global, Plant Local” style markers can make the garden more inviting to neighbors and visitors.

Add Habitat Features

Bird houses, shallow water dishes, bee-friendly flowers, brush piles, rocks, and seed heads can support birds, bees, butterflies, lizards, and beneficial insects.

Accept Dormancy

A Southern California garden does not need to be green and blooming every month. Summer dormancy is part of the rhythm of many California native landscapes. The key is to design with structure so the garden still looks intentional when some plants rest.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Not watering new plants enough during establishment: Drought-tolerant does not mean no water the first year.
Planting too densely without planning mature size: Native shrubs may spread wider than expected.
Mixing high-water and low-water plants in the same irrigation zone: Group plants by water needs.
Skipping mulch: Mulch helps suppress weeds and reduce soil moisture loss.
Expecting instant perfection: Native and drought-tolerant gardens often need time to settle in.
Removing every dried flower head: Seed heads can feed birds, create texture, and help the garden reseed.

How to Start Small

You do not need to replace your entire lawn at once. Start with one section: a parkway strip, a corner bed, a slope, or a side yard. Add a few backbone plants, scatter seasonal wildflower seeds, mulch heavily, and observe what survives.

The wabi-sabi approach gives gardeners permission to learn by doing. Some plants will fail. Others will thrive. The garden becomes better over time because it reflects the actual site, not a perfect picture from a catalog.

Quick Answer

A wabi-sabi drought-tolerant garden is a natural, imperfect, evolving landscape that uses climate-appropriate plants, California natives, wildflowers, texture, stone, mulch, and seasonal change instead of a high-water lawn. To design one in Southern California, remove unused turf, use rebates when available, plant a strong foundation of native and low-water plants, add seasonal wildflowers, capture rainwater with a bioswale or dry creek bed, and allow the garden to change over time.

Sources and Further Reading

Photo source: Book: Dry Gardens: High Style for Low Water Gardens

Seed Starting and Seed Sharing: The New Revolution

2026-06-10T09:53:27.909-07:00

The New Revolution in Seed Starting, Seed Gathering, and Seed Sharing

A new gardening movement is growing from something very old: seeds. Across home gardens, public libraries, school gardens, community gardens, seed swaps, and backyard greenhouses, gardeners are returning to seed starting, seed saving, and seed sharing as a practical way to grow more food, save money, protect regional plant diversity, and build local gardening communities.

For Southern California gardeners, this seed revolution is especially useful. Long growing seasons, mild winters, drought cycles, warm-season vegetables, native plants, pollinator gardens, and rising garden costs make seeds one of the most powerful tools in the home garden.

Quick Answer: What Is the New Seed Starting and Seed Sharing Movement?

The new revolution in seed starting and seed sharing is the growing movement of gardeners starting plants from seed, saving seeds from successful crops, trading seeds with neighbors, and using seed libraries to access locally useful varieties. Instead of relying only on nursery starts or commercial seed packets, gardeners are building community-based seed networks.

This matters because seeds carry local knowledge. A tomato, bean, flower, herb, or native plant that performs well in one Southern California neighborhood may become more valuable when gardeners save and share those seeds with others in similar conditions.

Why Seed Starting Is Becoming Popular Again

Seed starting gives gardeners more control over what they grow. Instead of choosing only from the transplants available at a garden center, gardeners can grow unusual tomatoes, heat-tolerant greens, pollinator flowers, herbs, native plants, heirloom vegetables, and culturally meaningful crops.

Starting from seed can also be more affordable. One packet of seeds can produce many plants, and extra seedlings can be shared with friends, neighbors, schools, or community gardens.

More variety: Seeds offer more choices than most nursery transplant tables.
Lower cost: A seed packet can grow multiple plants.
Better timing: Gardeners can start crops when their own microclimate is ready.
Stronger local knowledge: Gardeners learn what germinates and performs best in their specific yard.
Community sharing: Extra seedlings and saved seeds can be shared locally.

Source: UC Master Gardener Program: Seeds and Transplants

Why Southern California Gardeners Should Care About Seeds

Southern California is not one single gardening climate. Coastal gardens, inland valleys, foothills, deserts, urban patios, raised beds, and greenhouses can all behave differently. Seed starting gives gardeners the flexibility to adjust to their own conditions.

A gardener in coastal Los Angeles may need different timing than a gardener in Riverside, San Diego inland valleys, Orange County, Ventura, Santa Barbara, or the San Gabriel foothills. Seed starting makes it easier to test varieties and repeat what works.

Southern California Seed Starting Advantages

Long growing seasons allow multiple rounds of crops.
Mild winters make cool-season vegetables more accessible.
Warm spring weather supports tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, squash, basil, and flowers.
Microclimates make local seed knowledge especially valuable.
Water awareness makes climate-adapted varieties more important.
Community gardens and libraries give gardeners more ways to share seeds and knowledge.

Source: UC Master Gardeners: Vegetable Planting Chart

Seed Libraries: The New Community Garden Tool

Seed libraries are one of the most important parts of the seed sharing movement. A seed library usually allows gardeners to take seeds for free or at low cost, grow them, learn from them, and sometimes return saved seeds for others to use.

Many seed libraries are hosted by public libraries, UC Master Gardener programs, community gardens, schools, and local nonprofits. They help gardeners access seeds while also teaching seed starting, seed saving, local food growing, and community resilience.

How a Seed Library Usually Works

Gardeners browse available seed packets.
They take a limited number of seeds to grow at home.
They follow planting instructions for their region and season.
They save seeds from successful plants when possible.
They may return clean, dry, labeled seeds to support the library.

Source: UC Master Gardener Program: Seed Libraries Build Communities One Seed at a Time

Seed Gathering vs. Seed Saving: What Is the Difference?

Seed gathering and seed saving are related, but they are not exactly the same.

Seed Gathering

Seed gathering usually means collecting mature seeds from flowers, vegetables, herbs, or native plants. In a home garden, this might include collecting dried marigold seeds, cilantro seed, basil seed, calendula seed, bean seed, tomato seed, pepper seed, or native flower seed.

Seed Saving

Seed saving is more intentional. It means choosing healthy plants, allowing seeds to mature properly, cleaning and drying the seeds, labeling them, and storing them correctly for future planting or sharing.

For seed sharing, labeling matters. A useful seed packet should include the plant name, variety if known, harvest year, location or general region, and any notes about performance, taste, heat tolerance, pest resistance, or pollinator value.

Best Seeds for Beginners to Save and Share

Beginner seed savers should start with easy, visible, reliable plants. Some crops are much easier to save than others.

Easy Seeds to Save

Beans
Peas
Lettuce
Arugula
Cilantro
Dill
Basil
Calendula
Marigolds
Sunflowers
Nasturtiums
Tomatoes, with proper fermentation and cleaning

More Advanced Seeds

Squash
Pumpkins
Cucumbers
Melons
Corn
Brassicas such as kale, broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower

These can cross-pollinate more easily or require more space and planning, so they are better for gardeners who want to learn seed isolation and crop-specific seed saving methods.

What Seeds Should You Share?

Good seed sharing is not just about giving away extra seed packets. The best shared seeds are clean, dry, labeled, and appropriate for the local growing region.

Open-pollinated seeds: Good for saving and sharing because they can produce plants similar to the parent plant when properly isolated.
Heirloom seeds: Often valued for flavor, history, culture, and genetic diversity.
Locally saved seeds: Useful because they may already perform well in nearby conditions.
Excess purchased seeds: Good for swaps if they are fresh and clearly labeled.
Native plant seeds: Valuable when ethically collected and appropriate to the region.

Source: Seed Savers Exchange: How to Organize a Seed Swap

What Seeds Should You Avoid Sharing?

Seed sharing works best when gardeners are responsible. Avoid sharing seeds that could create problems for other gardeners or local ecosystems.

Seeds from invasive plants
Seeds from diseased plants
Moldy, damp, or poorly stored seeds
Unlabeled seeds
Seeds treated with chemicals unless clearly disclosed
Seeds from plants you cannot identify
Seeds collected from protected wild areas without permission

For California native plants, use extra care. Ethical seed collection matters. In many cases, it is better to purchase native seeds from reputable native plant sources or use local seed libraries and native plant organizations for guidance.

Source: California Native Plant Society: Gardening with California Native Plants

The Southern California Seed Starting Calendar Mindset

Southern California gardeners should think in seasons, not just spring. Many regions can grow cool-season vegetables in fall and winter, warm-season vegetables in spring and summer, and herbs or flowers nearly year-round depending on the microclimate.

Cool-Season Seeds

Lettuce
Arugula
Spinach
Peas
Radishes
Carrots
Beets
Kale
Cilantro
Calendula

Warm-Season Seeds

Tomatoes
Peppers
Eggplant
Basil
Cucumbers
Squash
Melons
Beans
Zinnias
Cosmos
Sunflowers

Source: UC Master Gardeners: Vegetable Planting Chart

How to Start Seeds Successfully

Successful seed starting comes down to moisture, temperature, light, timing, and patience. Many seed-starting failures happen because seeds are planted too deeply, kept too wet, started too early, or placed in weak light after germination.

Use fresh seed-starting mix. A clean, light mix helps reduce damping off and root problems.
Read the packet depth. Some seeds need darkness; others need light to germinate.
Keep moisture even. The mix should be damp, not soggy.
Provide strong light after germination. Weak light creates leggy seedlings.
Label everything. Include plant name, variety, and date planted.
Thin seedlings early. Crowded seedlings become weak.
Harden off before transplanting. Gradually expose seedlings to outdoor light, wind, and temperature.

Source: UC Master Gardener Program: Planting Vegetable Seeds

How Seed Sharing Builds Stronger Garden Communities

Seed sharing turns gardening into a community practice. One gardener may have too many tomato seeds. Another may have saved calendula, basil, beans, milkweed, zinnias, or native flower seeds. A seed swap allows those gardeners to trade, teach, and preserve useful varieties.

Seed sharing also helps beginners. A new gardener may not know which seeds to buy, when to start them, or which varieties work in their area. Local seed swaps and seed libraries give beginners access to both seeds and advice.

Good Seed Swap Rules

Bring clean, dry, labeled seeds.
Include the year the seeds were saved or purchased.
Share growing notes when possible.
Do not share invasive or diseased plant seeds.
Separate edible, flower, herb, and native plant seeds.
Make room for beginners who may not have seeds to trade yet.

Source: Seed Savers Exchange: How to Organize a Seed Swap

Where to Find Seeds and Seed Sharing Programs

Southern California gardeners can look for seeds and seed-sharing opportunities through public libraries, UC Master Gardener programs, community gardens, seed swaps, local garden clubs, native plant groups, and online seed-saving organizations.

Why This Movement Matters in 2026

In 2026, gardeners are paying more attention to food costs, local resilience, pollinator habitat, water use, climate stress, biodiversity, and community-based gardening. Seed starting and seed sharing answer many of those concerns at once.

A seed is small, but it can become food, flowers, habitat, beauty, education, and community. The new revolution in seed starting is not about buying more garden supplies. It is about learning how to grow, save, label, share, and repeat what works.

Quick Answer

The new revolution in seed starting, seed gathering, and seed sharing is the return of gardeners growing from seed, saving successful varieties, using seed libraries, and trading seeds locally. For Southern California gardeners, this movement supports lower-cost gardening, better local adaptation, pollinator habitat, food growing, climate resilience, and stronger garden communities.

Sources and Further Reading

Anatomy of a Shovel - Not all shovels were created equally!

2023-01-09T10:30:00.001-08:00

A shovel, it seems simple enough, it has been around since the neolithic era and earlier, and at that time consisted of a large animal's scapula (shoulder blade). And although no one really likes to do it, there are times when it is necessary. In fact, there are more than one type of shovel. And the materials used and the shape of the shovel determine the job at hand. Shovels do break and you may find that disappointing when your shovel breaks in the middle of a project.

Not all shovels were created equally, in fact here are just a couple of examples of shovel types:

A Closer Look at Shovels - Not All Shovels are Created Equally!

Whether you are digging a garden, tackling a new landscaping project, or just doing some general yard work, it is important to have the right tools for the job. In this case, we’re talking about shovels. Sure, all shovels look pretty much the same, but not all shovels were created equally. Let’s take a closer look at what makes a great shovel and why it’s worth investing in one that suits your needs.

Golden Shovels

Types of Shovels

The first thing to understand is that there are different types of shovels and each type has its own purpose. For example, spades are smaller versions of shovels and they are best suited for small jobs such as planting flowers or vegetables in a garden bed. On the other hand, larger shovels like square-pointed and drain spades can be used for more heavy-duty tasks like digging trenches or moving large amounts of soil.

Materials Used in Shovel Construction

The materials used to make a shovel can also vary widely depending on the intended use. Gardeners may find that lightweight aluminum models with plastic handles are better suited for their needs while those working on construction sites may prefer heavier steel models with fiberglass handles for extra durability and strength. Of course, there are also wooden-handled options available that provide excellent grip and comfort when using them for extended periods of time.

Choosing the Right Shovel

No matter what type of job you need to do, it is important to choose the right tool for the job – including choosing the right kind of shovel! Consider your intended use and then weigh up the pros and cons of each type before making your decision. Pay attention to details such as handle length and material as these can make all the difference between an easy job and one that is more difficult than necessary! Finally, don’t forget to look after your shovel by cleaning it regularly with warm water and drying it off before putting it away so that it will last longer.

Investing in a good-quality shovel can save you time and effort when tackling any gardening or landscaping projects around your home or business property. By understanding different types of shovels, weighing up materials used in construction, and selecting one that is suitable for your needs; you can ensure that you get maximum use out of your new tool! So don't settle for just any old shovel - find one that will suit your specific needs today!

Are GMOs Upholding Their Original Promise?

2023-01-08T16:59:00.001-08:00

Silent Spring Research Report Information

Some of the earliest promises of genetically modified organisms promises included less use of pesticides and herbicides and the development of drought and frost-resistant super crops. But is this still the case? Have these promises been upheld? Have yields increased or have we become more dependent on pesticides? GMO crops have been a controversial topic since they were first introduced in the 1990s. GMO stands for “genetically modified organism,” and refers to crops that have been artificially altered in a laboratory setting. GMO crops are typically engineered to be resistant to herbicides or pests, and as a result, they are often seen as a more efficient and environmentally friendly option for farmers. However, GMO crops have also been linked to health concerns and environmental damage. Some critics argue that GMO crops can lead to the development of new allergies and that they can encourage the growth of “super weeds” that are resistant to herbicides. GMO crops also require more water and chemical input than traditional crops, which can further damage the environment. As the debate surrounding GMO crops continues, it is important to educate yourself on the pros and cons of this technology before making a decision about whether or not to support it. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been in the news a lot lately, and there is a lot of misinformation out there about them. So, what are GMOs? They are living organisms whose DNA has been artificially altered in a laboratory setting. The primary purpose of genetically modifying an organism is to introduce a new trait or characteristic that it would not naturally possess.

“The contamination of our world is not alone a matter of mass spraying.” (Carson, Rachel. Ch. 11) Carson recommends working with nature to control pests such as the Japanese Beetle and the fire ant. What “natural” pest eradication methods presently exist and how effective are these methods compared to pesticides? What are the benefits and drawbacks of practices such as organic farming, goats for weed control, or predator use for invasive species? Do such practices hold promise for the future? What problems do they present? The use of pesticides and other toxic chemicals in our environment has a devastating impact on our ecosystems. However, what is not clear is why governments continue to insist that these deadly chemicals are necessary, despite all the evidence to the contrary.

Whether it is willful ignorance or outright deception, their refusal to acknowledge the damage caused by their programs is disturbing and arrogant. “We all live under the haunting fear that something may corrupt the environment to the point where man joins the dinosaurs as an obsolete form of life.” (Silent Spring. Ch. 12, Dr. David Price of the U.S. Public Health Service) In a world in which we have such power over our environment, it is crucial that we be vigilant about its preservation and sustainability. We cannot simply treat nature as something to be manipulated and controlled at will; rather, we must approach it with humility and respect, knowing that even our best efforts may still not be enough to protect its delicate balance.

“It was not until 1956 that new techniques made it possible to determine accurately the number of chromosomes in the human cell…” (Carson. Ch. 13) To do otherwise would be false and irresponsible, opening us up to dangerous lies that may threaten not only the health of the Earth but also our own existence. So, in order for us to truly thrive as a species, we must discard outdated methods of thinking and begin exploring new solutions for environmental issues like those found in chapter 10 of Silent Spring. Only then can we hope to reverse the damage done by years of careless attitudes toward science and ecology. We cannot allow ourselves to continue down this destructive path any longer; rather, we must take bold steps toward change and make sure that future generations can reap the benefits of a healthy planet. GMOs are a controversial topic, with many people believing that they are unsafe for human consumption. “The balance of nature is not a status quo; it is fluid, ever-shifting, in a constant state of adjustment.” (Carson, Ch. 13)

On the other hand, GMO crops have been shown to be more resistant to pests and diseases, and they can also be engineered to contain more nutrients than their non-GMO counterparts. So, what's the verdict? Are GMOs safe or not? For example, a plant might be genetically modified to be more resistant to herbicides or pests. GMOs are used in agriculture, food production, and medical research. While the use of GMOs is not necessarily new, the technology has become more sophisticated in recent years and the debate over their safety has reignited. Let's take a look at some of the key points in the debate. GMO crops have been a hot environmental topic since they were first introduced in the 1990s. GMO stands for “genetically modified organism,” and refers to crops that have been artificially altered in a laboratory setting. GMO crops are typically engineered to be resistant to herbicides or pests, and as a result, they are often seen as a more efficient and environmentally friendly option for farmers. However, GMO crops have also been linked to health concerns and environmental damage.

Some critics argue that GMO crops can lead to the development of new allergies, and that they can encourage the growth of “super weeds” that are resistant to herbicides. GMO crops also require more water and chemical input than traditional crops, which can further damage the environment. As the debate surrounding GMO crops continues, it is important to educate yourself on the pros and cons of this technology before making a decision about whether or not to support it. What is the debate over GMOs? There is a lot of debate over whether or not GMOs are safe for human consumption. One of the major concerns is that there is a lack of long-term data on the effects of consuming GMOs. Additionally, some people worry that GMOs may lead to the development of new allergies. However, there is no evidence to suggest that this is the case. Another concern is that GMOs may have negative effects on the environment. For example, if a pest becomes resistant to a GMO crop, that pest may then devastate non-GMO crops as well. However, this concern is largely unfounded; in reality, GMO crops have been shown to have a positive effect on the environment by reducing the need for pesticides and herbicides. Are there benefits to using GMOs? Despite the concerns raised by some people, there are many benefits to genetically modified crops. One of the major benefits is that GMO crops are more resistant to pests and diseases. This resistance results in higher yields, which can be especially beneficial in developing countries where food security is an issue. In addition to being more resilient to pests and diseases, GMO crops can also be engineered to contain more nutrients than their non-GMO counterparts. For example, Golden Rice—a variety of rice that has been genetically modified to contain higher levels of vitamin A—has the potential to reduce vitamin A deficiency in developing countries where rice is a staple food. The Pros of GMOs There are several potential benefits associated with the use of GMOs. For example, GMO crops require less pesticide and herbicide application than non-GMO crops, which can result in reduced chemical runoff into waterways. In addition, GMO crops tend to have higher yields than non-GMO crops, which can help to mitigate hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. The Cons of GMOs Despite the potential benefits, there are also several risks associated with GMOs. One worry is that genes from GM plants could spread to non-GM plants through pollen drift, resulting in "superweeds" that are resistant to herbicides or pests. Another concern is that GMO crops could increase our reliance on chemical pesticides and herbicides, rather than encouraging farmers to adopt more sustainable farming practices. The GMO debate is complex and emotionally charged. There are valid arguments on both sides of the issue. It's important to remember that GMOs are not inherently good or bad; it depends on how they are used. The key is to ensure that they are regulated properly and that we take measures to mitigate any potential risks associated with their use. So, are GMOs safe or not? There is no easy answer to this question. On the one hand, there are concerns about the lack of long-term data on the effects of consuming GMOs. “For mankind as a whole, a possession infinitely more valuable than individual life is our genetic heritage, our link with past and future.” (Carson. Ch. 13) On the other hand, GMO crops have been shown to be more resilient to pests and diseases and can also be engineered to contain more nutrients than their non-GMO counterparts. Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to consume GMOs is a personal one. In conclusion, the debate over GMOs is complex and nuanced. There are both potential benefits and risks associated with their use. On the one hand, GMO crops have the potential to improve yield, resist pests and diseases, and reduce the need for chemical pesticides.

This can have a positive impact on human health, as well as on the environment. On the other hand, there is still some uncertainty about the long-term health risks of GMOs, and the potential for GMO crops to cause environmental harm. To make informed decisions about their use, it is important for both farmers and consumers to be educated about the risks and benefits of GMOs.

Works Cited Carson, Rachel. Silent Spring. Publisher: HarperCollins. October 22, 2002 Catherine Geissler, J. Alfredo Martinez, Current nutrition within the Special IUNS supplement in Trends in Food Science & Technology: a Foreword, Trends in Food Science & Technology, Volume 130, 2022, Pages 1-2, ISSN 0924-2244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2022.09.001. Maghari BM, Ardekani AM. Genetically modified foods and social concerns. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2011 Jul;3(3):109-17. PMID: 23408723; PMCID: PMC3558185. Tyrone B. Hayes, Martin Hansen; From silent spring to silent night: Agrochemicals and the anthropocene. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 1 January 2017; 5 57. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.246 Gitig, Diana. "Planting GMOs kills so many bugs that it helps non-GMO crops." Gale Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2022. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/UAHPYT657454061/OVIC?u=apto54872&sid=bookmark-OVIC&xid=e8a03a7f. Accessed 5 Dec. 2022. Originally published as "Planting GMOs kills so many bugs that it helps non-GMO crops," Ars Technica, 15 Mar. 2018. Vance, Erik. "Genetically Modified Crops Can Increase Productivity to End World Hunger." Genetic Engineering, edited by Noël Merino, Greenhaven Press, 2013. Opposing Viewpoints. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ3010138298/OVIC?u=apto54872&sid=bookmark-OVIC&xid=4dab8dc8. Accessed 5 Dec. 2022. Originally published as "Genetically Modified Conservation," Conservation Magazine, vol. 11, no. 3, 2010.

How to decorate your cactus garden for Christmas?

2022-12-06T11:02:00.001-08:00

California is a state known for its beautiful weather and diverse landscape. From the snow-capped mountains in the north to the sandy beaches in the south, California has something for everyone. And, of course, California is also home to a wide variety of cactus plants.

If you're looking for a unique way to decorate your California cactus garden for Christmas, there are a few things you can do. First, consider adding some lights. Cactus plants are often covered in spines, so stringing lights around them can be tricky. But, if you're careful, it's definitely possible. Just be sure to use LED lights, as they'll stay cooler and won't damage the plants.

Another option is to add some blooms. Many cactus plants bloom in the spring, so if you have any that are currently in bloom, they'll make a great addition to your Christmas garden. Finally, if you really want to go all out, you can always add a Christmas tree (real or fake) to your cactus garden. Just be sure to anchor it well so it doesn't blow over in the wind!

Christmas is a great time to show off your cactus garden. There are many ways to decorate your cactus garden for the holidays. One way is to string lights around the plants. This will create a warm and inviting atmosphere for your guests. Another way to decorate your cactus garden is to use Christmas-themed decorations. You can use ornaments, garland, and even candy canes to dress up your cactus plants. No matter how you choose to decorate your cactus garden, it is sure to be a hit with holiday visitors!

Why are GMOs so controversial?

2022-12-05T11:34:00.004-08:00

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been in the news a lot lately, and there is a lot of misinformation out there about them. So, what are GMOs? They are living organisms whose DNA has been artificially altered in a laboratory setting. The primary purpose of genetically modifying an organism is to introduce a new trait or characteristic that it would not naturally possess.

For example, a plant might be genetically modified to be more resistant to herbicides or pests. GMOs are used in agriculture, food production, and medical research. While the use of GMOs is not necessarily new, the technology has become more sophisticated in recent years and the debate over their safety has reignited. Let's take a look at some of the key points in the debate.

The Pros of GMOs

There are several potential benefits associated with the use of GMOs. For example, GMO crops require less pesticide and herbicide application than non-GMO crops, which can result in reduced chemical runoff into waterways. In addition, GMO crops tend to have higher yields than non-GMO crops, which can help to mitigate hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

The Cons of GMOs

Despite the potential benefits, there are also several risks associated with GMOs. One worry is that genes from GM plants could spread to non-GM plants through pollen drift, resulting in "superweeds" that are resistant to herbicides or pests. Another concern is that GMO crops could increase our reliance on chemical pesticides and herbicides, rather than encouraging farmers to adopt more sustainable farming practices.

The GMO debate is complex and emotion-charged. There are valid arguments on both sides of the issue. It's important to remember that GMOs are not inherently good or bad; it depends on how they are used. The key is to ensure that they are regulated properly and that we take measures to mitigate any potential risks associated with their use.

GMO crops are often touted as a safer, more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional crops. However, GMO crops have come under fire in recent years due to safety concerns. Some critics argue that GMO crops are more likely to contain toxins and other harmful substances. Others worry that GMO crops could lead to the development of new pests and diseases. There is also concern that GMO crops could have a negative impact on the environment.

For example, GMO crops could reduce genetic diversity, damage delicate ecosystems, and contaminate non-GMO crops. At present, there is still much debate surrounding the safety and efficacy of GMO crops. As more research is conducted, it will become increasingly clear whether GMO crops are truly a step forward or a cause for concern. GMO foods have been the subject of much debate in recent years. Some proponents of GMO crops argue that they are safe and can help to improve yield and pest resistance. However, critics argue that GMO crops can have negative impacts on human health and the environment. The truth is that there is still much unknown about GMO crops, and more research is needed before any definitive conclusions can be drawn. In the meantime, GMO crops should be approached with caution, and any potential risks should be carefully considered before planting.

GMO crops are an important tool in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. They have the potential to provide more nutritious food for a growing population and to help farmers adapt to a changing climate. GMO crops are also an important tool for environmental conservation. They can help reduce the amount of land needed for agriculture, and they can help reduce the use of pesticides and chemicals. GMO crops have been extensively tested for safety, and there is no evidence that they are unsafe for human consumption. GMO crops are an important tool for feeding a growing world population, and for protecting the environment.

California Natives: 10 Days of the Best California Native Plants to Grow

2022-11-23T09:40:00.001-08:00

California is known for its beautiful native plants. One of the most popular native California plants is the Miniature Hollyhock. The Miniature Hollyhock is a small plant that blooms in a variety of colors. It is a popular plant because it is easy to care for and it blooms during the spring and summer months. The best time to plant the Miniature Hollyhock is in the spring when the weather is warm and the days are longer. The Miniature Hollyhock prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Once it is established, it will bloom every year without fail. Thanks to its beauty and easy care, the Miniature Hollyhock is one of the most popular California native plants.

California has a delectable selection of native plants, and Southern California is no exception. The Miniature Hollyhock is an ideal cut flower, miniature hollyhock adds charm to the vase or middle of the perennial border. Blooms appear in summer and come in shades of pink, red, lavender, and white.

Name: Baker's Wild Hollyhock, Iliamna bakeri
Growing Conditions: Full sun and moist soil
Size: To 3 feet tall
Zones: 4-9

Image: Iliamna bakeri. (2022, June 24). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliamna_bakeri

Per SF Gate's article, Description of Miniature Hollyhocks By Jolene Hansen, March 04, 2022.

"Culture and Care

Full sun to partial shade and moist, well-drained soil keep miniature hollyhocks looking and blooming their best. In hotter climates, provide protection from the sun's intense, early- to mid-afternoon rays, and keep an eye on moisture needs. Use soaker hoses or hose end bubblers to water; avoid wetting the foliage, which encourages fungal infections.

Cramped quarters and soggy soils leave these plants susceptible to disease and root rot. Don't overcrowd miniature hollyhocks in the garden. Allow plenty of room for good air circulation and mature size. In late autumn, cut stalks back to the basal leaves."

Be sure to check out more information at https://calscape.org/Sidalcea-malviflora-()

Our Environment, Our Choice - The choice, after all, is ours to make...

2022-11-22T09:46:00.001-08:00

Age is everything but nothing at all and perspective is the key to understanding how old this book really is. Is age our guiding factor or is it knowledge? Therefore 50 is not my determining factor for the accessibility of this book, but rather the knowledge that reverberates through the essence of knowing that what Rachel Carson lays out in her book Silent Spring may be the environmental key that we have chosen to participate in. "The choice, after all, is ours to make. If having endured much, we have at last asserted our "right to know" and if, knowing, we have concluded that we are being asked to take senseless and frightening risks...we should look about and see what other course is open to us." (Pgs. 277, 278)

The issue of environmental concern is not a yes or no answer, this makes it hard to solve. Almost everything we have built our society on was built on an older concept that used our natural resources in an irresponsible and misleading way. We are changing gradually, but is this fast enough? Probably not, and frankly this is why our richest man, Elon Musk, is proposing that we start to colonize another planet in hopes that we have a way out in case we cannot get this right.

Image: Rachel Carson's Silent Spring (The Manifesto Series)

In a sense, we are fighting survival and survival. If we change too much of our infrastructure, therefore affecting our food supply and overall human progress then we could diminish our society.

But if we don't change fast enough we could diminish our earth, in turn ruining society/population. All in may come down to Darwin's philosophy on evolution. "It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change, that lives within the means available and works co-operatively against common threats." Charles Darwin. Information that may be missing from Carson's book may be up-to-date reflections on current events that have made catastrophic changes to our environment.

Carson includes current environmental disasters in chapter 17 of Silent Spring which showcase her time period, 50 years ago. what would this book be like if this were updated?

Works Cited:

Darwin, Charles. https://laidlawscholars.network. Rachel Carson. Silent Spring. Mariner Books, 1962. EBSCOhost, https://search-ebscohost-com.cabrillo.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx? direct=true&AuthType=cookie,ip,url,cpid&custid=cabcol&db=nlebk&AN=1870398&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

The December 2023 California Gardening To-Do List

2022-11-21T10:39:00.000-08:00

When you live in California, especially Southern California there is no need to give up growing and playing in your garden. However, choosing the right fruits and vegetables for the winter climates is important. The temperatures tend to fluctuate between 40-80 degrees with mild to direct sunshine. These elements can be a challenge but with proper planning can be accomplished. Here are some new and fun ideas for your new or established winter garden.

Southern California:

Begin to cut back ornamental grasses to get ready for new growth.
Plant pre-chilled bulbs within the first few weeks after Christmas.

Northern California:

Protect young trees and fruits from frost.
Be prepared for unexpected cold spells and frosts with old clothes for row covers and DIY cloches (use soda bottles and milk jugs).
Feed winter-flowering shrubs.

Both regions:

Depending on your environment, here are some suggested non-frost cold weather plants: asparagus, beets, broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, chives, collards, endive, favas, kale, kohlrabi, lettuce, mustard greens, onions, parsley, parsnips, peas, potatoes, radish, rutabaga, spinach, swiss chard, and turnips.

Plant some floral cool-season annuals such as poppies, pansies, violas, linaria, diascia, and nemesia.

Try a fresh new look in your container garden with some colorful flowers and ornamental grasses.

Native plants throughout California are now becoming a visual masterpiece throughout our neighbor's gardens and parks.

Natives can be a fun new way to explore native California horticulture while incorporating water-reduction plants into your garden.

Divide and replant clumping perennials. For you organic growers try some fish emulsion to help secure their growth and for some other options for quick root growth such as: Green Light Concentrate Root Stimulator and Starter Solution.

December is the best month to plant those cool-season grasses, including Marathon and Delta.

Plant permanent plants that you may have missed planting in fall, such as trees, shrubs, vines and perennials.

Reduce your watering for your deciduous fruit trees, therefore including them to go dormant for winter. This encourages optional growth in spring.

New Year's Resolutions for your 2023 Garden

2022-11-21T09:30:00.002-08:00

Some gardeners may resolve to pay more attention to their garden in 2023, some have chosen associated themes to incorporate into their gardens but as Oprah Winfrey says: "Cheers to a new year and another chance for us to get it right."

Check out these fun and uplifting ideas for your 2023 garden include:

Share your knowledge: Stay open to helping and educating others that show interest in learning how to garden or grow better at gardening.
Give the gift of plants: Plants are the gifts that keep on giving. If cared for correctly plants can last months and even years. Great for birthdays, holidays or mid-day pick me up for that special someone.
Buy local by checking out your local farmer's markets: USDA's Farmers Market Directory is a great resource for finding your local farmer's market. Nurseries and cooperatives of all types attend farmer's markets throughout the US. Also available at local farmer's markets tends to be other like-minded individuals passionate about gardening and horticulture techniques, a great place for networking and gathering ideas.
Slow down and take it easy: Your garden can be an excellent source of grounding and meditation for some. Release yourself from the day to day hustle and spend some quality time doing what you enjoy.

Find inspiration online: Gardeners and horticulturists around the globe are creating inspirational and expressive gardens. Whether your garden is for looks or for food and healing properties, explore, indulge and grow your garden. Some of my favorite websites for new ideas are Organic Gardening Magazine (also a well-circulated magazine), Southern Homes & Gardens, Southern Living, Master Gardener's of Orange County, CA, How to Garden Advice, and of course the Seed Savers Exchange.
Grow your own: Herbs, Fruits and/or Vegetables. They make great gifts and they can be a great addition to your current food supply. I still remember the sweet and fragrant, ripe tomatoes from my grandma's garden. They were so juicy and delicious that quite simply, a tomato sandwich was all it needed to be. Or just eaten by itself with a sprinkle of sea salt. My goodness, and the fresh raspberries and strawberries! I could never figure out why the supermarket's produce tasted so bland, well now I know.
Try composting for a new addition to your garden, make your own nutritious soil with the scraps from your kitchen. Who would have thought? More details on composting.

Best wishes to you on a prosperous and delightful garden this year!

Top Gardens and Sustainable Places to Visit in Southern California

2021-01-24T20:25:00.009-08:00

I am so amazed by the amount of dedication and creativity the people put into things. There is truly an infinite amount of creation and exploration to be done in this life, where does sleep come in? Here are some of my top ten gardens I would like to explore in California. I would love to hear others experiences, if you have been there or have found some great gardens or creative sustainable solution oriented farms that I have not mentioned.

1) Tucker Wildlife Sanctuary

Located in: Modjeska Canyon, CA

Guided tours, natural history museum, children's garden, hiking, and a wildlife sanctuary.

2) Cal-Earth/ The California Institute of Earth Art and Architecture

Located in: Hesperia, CA

Alternative architecture workshops including Adobe housing, Eco-Dome's, children's field trips, Earth One Vaulted House Design, Lunar and Planetary Architecture Designs, and much more.

3) Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Gardens

Located in: Claremont, CA

Garden walking club, native plant workshops, and celebrations, Luminaria Nights (illuminated evenings in CA native gardens) this looks great, please let me know if anyone has been to this. All kinds of events including Bird Fest, Wildflower Shows, Art in the Garden, Yoga and Tai Chi in the Garden, workshops, and so much more.

4) San Diego Botanic Garden

Located in: Encinitas, CA

Four miles of garden trails, nation's largest bamboo collection, a variety of microclimates, children's classes, children's birthday parties, special event rental & weddings, Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts events, garden sculpture, bird watching, Annual Insect Festival, and even a Christmas event called The Garden of Lights with snow!

5) Santa Barbara Botanic Garden

Located in: Santa Barbara, CA

Native plants, Remote Access Weather Station, Guided and Self-Guided Tours of Garden History and The Oaks of California, Active Member of the Center for Plant Conservation. Classes on Gardening under Oaks, The Fascinating Eco-System of Wetlands, Meet the Spring Plant Family, and much more.

6) Los Angeles County Arboretum & Botanic Garden

Located in: Arcadia, CA

Art in the Garden, Meyberg Waterfall, a Garden for All Seasons, Garden Environments similar to Africa, Australia, and the Americas, and Queen Anne Cottage at Baldwin Lake. Fun, interactive, and a complete classroom outdoors, all tucked near the San Gabriel Mountains. Home of the LA Garden Show.

7) Sherman Library & Gardens

Located in: Corona Del Mar, CA

2.2 Acre Horticultural Retreat, Gardens, Patios, and Conservatories linked together by wide brick walkways. Flower beds, bubbling fountains, and a library with a specialized research center devoted to the study of the Southwest.

8) Anza-Borrego Desert Park

Located in: San Diego, CA

Some activities may include:

Desert Excursions
Outstanding Historical and Cultural Preserve
New Years Resolution walks up Alcoholics Pass
Wi-Fi Service within 150 feet of the Ranger's Office
Home of the Big Horn Sheep
Wildflower and Cactus Displays
Stargazing
Bird Basics
Hike to Native American Village
Cave Exploring
and more

9) Descanso Gardens

Located in: La Canada Flintridge

Descanso has been described as "a garden of gardens," each garden has its own special charm. Cafe & Gift Shop, Enchanted Railroad, The Historic E. Manchester Boddy House, Sturt Haaga Gallery, Horticultural and Garden Programs, Children and Family Events, Lifestyle and Wellness Programs, Facility Rental for Weddings and Events, and much more. Descanso Gardens also offers assistance with your horticulture problems, just email them.

9) Cedar Creek Falls/Devil's Punch Bowl

Located in: Eastern San Diego, CA

Part of Cedar Creek Falls, 80 ft, Plunge Pool, About 4.5-mile Hike Round Trip

10) Chula Vista Nature Center

Locate in: Chula Vista (San Diego), CA

The Chula Vista Nature Center is a living, breathing, flapping, buzzing, and splashing home to the unique animals and plants of Southern California. 6 miles south of downtown San Diego, the Nature Center sits on the 316-acre Sweetwater Marsh National Refuge. Endangered species breeding and release program. Shark, Ray, Turtle and Eagle interaction. Composting Workshops, Children's Day Camp, Arts & Crafts, Docent Training, Kayak San Diego Bay, Overnight Adventures, Discovery Tours, Scouting Programs, and Teen Biologist Career Programs. Wow!