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      <title>DC - Middle East Program</title>
      <description>Pipes Output</description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2015 23:23:48 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>The Drivers of Insecurity in Mauritania</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47955</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/GettyImages_1251414211.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;The Drivers of Insecurity in Mauritania&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Promoting good governance and reinforcing the state’s capacity is critical to improving economic conditions and building people’s trust in Mauritania’s national institutions.</description>
         <author>Anouar Boukhars</author>
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         <pubDate>Mon, 30 Apr 2012 17:02:22 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Tribal Governance and Stability in Yemen</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47838</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/yemen-167.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Tribal Governance and Stability in Yemen&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Tribal governance and conflict resolution traditions will play a part in helping to ease tensions and mitigate conflicts that will arise as Yemen moves toward political transition.</description>
         <author>Nadwa Al-Dawsari</author>
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         <pubDate>Tue, 24 Apr 2012 11:58:19 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>The Ayatollah Under the Bed(sheets)</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47920</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/20120423Iran6051.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;The Ayatollah Under the Bed(sheets)&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;In essence, the Iranian regime's approach toward sex, like its philosophy of governance, is marked by expediency and used alternately as a tool of suppression, inducement, and incitement.</description>
         <author>Karim Sadjadpour</author>
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         <pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2012 15:03:11 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>The Current Status of Constitution Making in Tunisia</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47908</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/20120419Tunisia6051.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;The Current Status of Constitution Making in Tunisia&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;As Tunisia's Constituent Assembly continues to tackle technical constitutional issues, it must also respond to the country's growing impatience about the slow progress on legislative issues.</description>
         <author>Duncan Pickard</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47908</guid>
         <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 20:20:16 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>The Coming Tests of the Syrian Opposition</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47877</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/141479480.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;The Coming Tests of the Syrian Opposition&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;The opposition must navigate rifts caused by class divisions and political divisions between those in exile and those in Syria if they hope to tip the balance against a determined and resilient regime.</description>
         <author>Yezid Sayigh</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47877</guid>
         <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 20:03:36 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Democracy and Human Rights in Iran: A Conference in Honor of Siamak Pourzand</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail&amp;id=3615</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.carnegieendowment.org/images/event_images/965364471.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Democracy and Human Rights in Iran: A Conference in Honor of Siamak Pourzand &quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Even as the policy debate has intensified over Iran, the struggle of Iranians to advance democracy and human rights under increasingly repressive conditions is too often being overlooked.</description>
         <author>Leily Pourzand, Nazila Fathi, Mehdi Yahyanejad, Roberto Toscano, Mehrangiz Kar, Omid Memarian, Nikahang Kowsar, Henry Wooster, Arash Sobhani, Maziar Bahari, Mehrdad Hariri, Haleh Esfandiari, Suzanne Maloney, Karim Sadjadpour</author>
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         <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 04:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Deescalating Tension with Iran</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47875</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/91305346.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Deescalating Tension with Iran&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Negotiations are unlikely to resolve the problems surrounding Iran’s nuclear program at this time, but they can help deescalate tensions and maintain stability between all concerned parties.</description>
         <author>Karim Sadjadpour</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47875</guid>
         <pubDate>Tue, 17 Apr 2012 15:56:30 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Egypt's Transition Imbroglio</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47850</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/20210416Egypt605.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Egypt's Transition Imbroglio&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;The rapid developments over the past month have shown that legal and constitutional loopholes have the potential to seriously undermine Egypt’s democratic transition.</description>
         <author>Nathan Brown</author>
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         <pubDate>Mon, 16 Apr 2012 20:31:15 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Negotiating with Iran: Istanbul and Its Aftermath</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail&amp;id=3618</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.carnegieendowment.org/images/event_images/108245374_Iran-Istanbul-Jalil1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Iran; Nuclear; Negotiations&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Nuclear negotiations between Iran and the P5+1 group are scheduled for April 13 and 14 in Istanbul. Is it possible for the United States to successfully engage Iran, or are negotiations with Tehran an exercise in futility?</description>
         <author>Vali Nasr, Ray Takeyh, George Perkovich, Karim Sadjadpour</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail&amp;id=3618</guid>
         <pubDate>Mon, 16 Apr 2012 04:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Turkey’s Relations with the Syrian Opposition</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47841</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/20120413Turkey6501.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Turkey&amp;#x002019;s Relations with the Syrian Opposition&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Although Turkey is trying to avoid becoming even more entangled in the Syrian problem and is counting on the international community to find a solution, no such solution seems on the horizon.</description>
         <author>Bayram Balci</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47841</guid>
         <pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 2012 20:18:15 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Iran’s Limited Escape Options</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47780</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/20120409Iran6051.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Iran&amp;#x002019;s Limited Escape Options&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;The goal of coercive diplomacy should be to slow Iran’s nuclear progress and contain its political influence in the region until the regime is eventually transformed or changed through the weight of its internal contradictions and economic malaise.</description>
         <author>Karim Sadjadpour</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47780</guid>
         <pubDate>Fri, 06 Apr 2012 15:08:11 +0000</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Islamists in Power: Views from Within</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail&amp;id=3555</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.carnegieendowment.org/images/event_images/Quran_Iraq1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Islamists in Power: Views from Within&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Islamist parties will have a dominant impact on the outcome of Arab transitions, but there is little understanding in Washington of what that will mean for governing.</description>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail&amp;id=3555</guid>
         <pubDate>Thu, 05 Apr 2012 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Egypt's Muddy Waters</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47731</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/20120404Egypt6051.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Egypt's Muddy Waters&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood's decision to abandon its pledge not to run a presidential candidate is a strong indication of the Brotherhood’s conversion to a fully political logic.</description>
         <author>Nathan Brown</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47731</guid>
         <pubDate>Wed, 04 Apr 2012 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Building a Better Yemen</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47708</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/YemenLNG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Yemen; economy&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;A capable and legitimate state is even more essential to Yemen’s economic future than the presence of natural resources.</description>
         <author>Charles Schmitz</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47708</guid>
         <pubDate>Tue, 03 Apr 2012 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Egypt’s Transition in Crisis: Falling into the Wrong Turkish Model?</title>
         <link>http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47696</link>
         <description>&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carnegieendowment.org/images/article_images/142004136.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Egypt&amp;#x002019;s Transition in Crisis: Falling into the Wrong Turkish Model?&quot; height=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;float:left;padding:3px 10px 5px 0;&quot;/&gt;Egypt risks following a Turkish model where the military, backed by other key institutions and secular political parties, acts against Islamist movements.</description>
         <author>Marina Ottaway, Nathan Brown</author>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&amp;id=47696</guid>
         <pubDate>Fri, 30 Mar 2012 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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