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	<title>Cearta.ie</title>
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	<link>https://www.cearta.ie</link>
	<description>the Irish for rights</description>
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	<title>Cearta.ie</title>
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		<title>Ireland’s EU relationship &#8211; a reply to Eoin Drea on Niamh Sweeney and the DPC</title>
		<link>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/11/irelands-eu-relationship-a-reply-to-eoin-drea-on-niamh-sweeney-and-the-dpc/</link>
					<comments>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/11/irelands-eu-relationship-a-reply-to-eoin-drea-on-niamh-sweeney-and-the-dpc/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Eoin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2025 10:26:15 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Data Protection]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.cearta.ie/?p=23189</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Drea-Sweeney.png" alt="Drea &#38; Sweeney" width="300" height="167" class="alignright size-full wp-image-23193" />I have a <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/letters/2025/11/15/letters-to-the-editor-november-15th-on-the-housing-crisis-irelands-eu-relationship-and-lost-in-translation/" target="_blank">letter to the Editor</a> in yesterday&#8217;s <em>Irish Times</em> (with a few added links):</p>
<blockquote><p>Sir, – <a href="https://eoindrea.com/" target="_blank">Eoin Drea</a>&#8216;s <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/2025/11/13/eoin-drea-irelands-eu-presidency-will-underline-how-out-of-touch-we-are-with-europe/" target="_blank">article on Ireland’s EU presidency</a> provides many examples of “an Ireland that is totally directionless on EU affairs”. At least two are baseless.</p>
<p>First, he argues that Brussels sees Ireland as doubling down on its own self-serving agenda – with the appointment of <a href="https://www.dataprotection.ie/en/niamh-sweeney-en" target="_blank">Niamh Sweeney</a> as data protection commissioner just the most recent example. </p>
<p>He describes her as “a former senior Meta lobbyist”, as if that connection is sufficient, of itself, to disqualify her from the role. On the contrary, it is entirely appropriate that there is a wide range of experiences across all three members of the Data Protection Commission (<a href="https://www.dataprotection.ie/en" target="_blank">DPC</a>). Her understanding of the technology sector will be invaluable to the commission’s work.</p>
<p>Moreover, whilst her appointment was <a href="https://www.gov.ie/en/department-of-justice-home-affairs-and-migration/press-releases/minister-jim-ocallaghan-announces-appointment-of-a-third-commissioner-for-data-protection-following-cabinet-approval/" target="_blank">formally made by the Government</a>, it was done on the recommendation of the <a href="https://www.publicjobs.ie/en/" target="_blank">Public Appointments Service</a>. Their role is to provide an open and transparent recruitment process to identify on merit top-quality candidates for public sector roles. </p>
<p>They will have probed in their interview with Ms Sweeney the extent to which she can be impartial and independent of an employer she left four years ago.</p></blockquote>&#8230;]]></description>
		
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		<title>Art Detectives, Vermeer forgeries, and the slaveship Zong</title>
		<link>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/11/art-detectives-vermeer-forgeries-and-the-slaveship-zong/</link>
					<comments>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/11/art-detectives-vermeer-forgeries-and-the-slaveship-zong/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Eoin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 11:12:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cinema, television and theatre]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Zong]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.cearta.ie/?p=23097</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://blackdogtelevision.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/AD1_D16_300924_PM_Selects-41-copy.jpg"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Moyer-and-Singh-as-Mick-and-Shazia-with-a-clue-image-by-Peter-Marley-courtesy-of-Black-Dog-Television.png" alt="Moyer and Singh as Mick and Shazia with a clue; image by Peter Marley, courtesy of Black Dog Television" width="350" height="321" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-23151" srcset="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Moyer-and-Singh-as-Mick-and-Shazia-with-a-clue-image-by-Peter-Marley-courtesy-of-Black-Dog-Television.png 350w, https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Moyer-and-Singh-as-Mick-and-Shazia-with-a-clue-image-by-Peter-Marley-courtesy-of-Black-Dog-Television-300x275.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /></a>A new addition to tv’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cozy_mystery" target="_blank">cozy</a> <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/life-style/people/2025/10/12/theyre-like-a-hug-in-a-book-why-cosy-crime-is-on-the-rise/" target="_blank">crime</a> genre is <em>Art Detectives</em> (<a href="https://blackdogtelevision.com/portfolio/art-detectives/" target="_blank">Back Dog Television</a>, for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorn_TV" target="_blank">Acorn TV</a>; shown in Ireland and the UK on <a href="https://u.co.uk/shows/art-detectives/watch-online" target="_blank">U&#038;Drama</a>; also available on <a href="http://primevideo.com/detail/Art-Detectives/0H3GRMFL8USM5733V20SE6E4UL" target="_blank">PrimeVideo</a>). </p>
<p>It stars Stephen Moyer (<a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0610459/" target="_blank">imdb</a> &#124; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Moyer" target="_blank">wikipedia</a>) as DI Mick Palmer of the Heritage Crime Unit, and Nina Singh (<a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm12786754/" target="_blank">imdb</a>) as DC Shazia Malik of the East Yorkshire Police (pictured left; courtesy of <a href="https://blackdogtelevision.com/portfolio/art-detectives/" target="_blank">Black Dog Television</a>). </p>
<p>Series 1, episode 1, <em>Pictures At An Exhibition</em> (2025) (<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt35677912/?ref_=ttep_ep_1" target="_blank">imdb</a> &#124; <a href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/art_detectives/s01/e01" target="_blank">rotten tomatoes</a> &#124; <a href="https://reelmockery.com/art-detectives-series-1-episode-1-recap/" target="_blank">recap</a>), features an ever-green reference to forged Vermeers, and a rather more serious echo of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zong_massacre" target="_blank">the <em>Zong</em> massacre</a> (which I have discussed <a href="https://www.cearta.ie/category/the-zong/" target="_blank">several times on this blog</a>); warning: spoilers ahead!</p>
<p>Art Historian, Francis Crozier of the National Gallery, was assisting Hugh Astleigh, thirteenth Earl of Halesby, to re-assemble the Astleigh family art collection in their ancestral home. (In the first act, it is decribed by Mick as the “perfect example of a Victorian Italianate palazzo … like a doll’s house on steroids”; in the second act, Lord Hugh’s unhappy (and, we later discover, philandering) wife, Lady Arabella, dismisses it as a “decrepit, debt-ridden castle”; “what a prize” she says, derisively).&#8230;</p>]]></description>
		
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		<title>Michael McDowell rebukes social media platforms for online defamation; but he still has an opportunity to do something about it &#8211; updated</title>
		<link>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/09/michael-mcdowell-rebukes-social-media-platforms-for-online-defamation-but-he-still-has-an-opportunity-to-do-something-about-it/</link>
					<comments>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/09/michael-mcdowell-rebukes-social-media-platforms-for-online-defamation-but-he-still-has-an-opportunity-to-do-something-about-it/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Eoin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Sep 2025 13:43:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Defamation (Amendment) Bill 2024]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.cearta.ie/?p=23073</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.michaelmcdowell.ie"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Michael-McDowell.png" alt="Michael McDowell" width="275" height="369" class="alignright size-full wp-image-23074" target="_blank" srcset="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Michael-McDowell.png 275w, https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Michael-McDowell-224x300.png 224w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></a>Last week, <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/2025/09/24/michael-mcdowell-this-is-the-age-of-mad-hatter-tea-party-politics-featuring-donald-trump-as-the-queen-of-hearts/" target="_blank">in his column in the <em>Irish Times</em></a>, <a href="https://www.michaelmcdowell.ie" target="_blank">Michael McDowell</a> (pictured right) took social media platforms to task for shirking their responsibilities on defamation. His analysis of the legal issues was, uncharacteristically, incomplete. Even so, he has a golden opportunity to do something practical to address the problem.</p>
<p>First, the legal issues. He provides the usual bromides that the Constitution provides for a balance between freedom of expression and the right a good name, and that the platforms’ seeming impunity threatens to upend that balance. However, he never quite states what the balance is. Nor does he address the point that an alternative position, such as the one he implies is being struck by social media platforms, could also satisfy the constitutional balance. Merely to state that there is such a balance <a href="https://www.cearta.ie/2020/09/striking-the-balance-of-the-constitutional-protections-of-fee-speech-and-good-name-in-irish-defamation-cases/" target="_blank">is not to make it in an individual case</a>, and McDowell fails to do so in his piece.</p>
<p>Moreover, the current position is largely dictated by EU law. A <a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2000/31/oj" target="_blank">Directive of 2000</a>, implemented in <a href="https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/si/68" target="_blank">Ireland in 2003</a>, provided that social media platforms are not liable in damages for hosting defamatory content of which they have not been made aware. An <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/512" target="_blank">equivalent US provision</a>, introduced in 1996, has been <a href="https://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/book/9781501714412/the-twenty-six-words-that-created-the-internet/" target="_blank">described</a> as “the twenty-six words that created the internet”; another <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/512" target="_blank">US equivalent</a>, introduced in 1998, is here.&#8230;</p>]]></description>
		
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		<title>Restitution of mistaken payments, in the news &#8211; again, this time with potential proprietary claims (updated)</title>
		<link>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/08/restitution-of-mistaken-payments-in-the-news-again-this-time-with-potential-proprietary-claims/</link>
					<comments>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/08/restitution-of-mistaken-payments-in-the-news-again-this-time-with-potential-proprietary-claims/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Eoin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Aug 2025 17:07:22 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Mistaken payments]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Restitution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.cearta.ie/?p=22964</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/HSE-and-PMD-logos.png" alt="HSE and PMD logos" width="400" height="152" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-22977" srcset="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/HSE-and-PMD-logos.png 400w, https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/HSE-and-PMD-logos-300x114.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" />In a recent post on this blog, I <a href="https://www.cearta.ie/2025/06/restitution-of-mistaken-pension-payments-in-the-news/" target="_blank">noted</a> that, where government ministers were overpaid due to a pension error, this was a straightforward case of the recovery of mistaken payments. Now, <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/health/2025/07/30/hse-paid-medical-products-company-720000-twice-for-the-same-invoice/" target="_blank">another example</a> is provided by a piece by <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/author/martin-wall/" target="_blank">Martin Wall</a> in last Wednesday&#8217;s <em>Irish Times</em> (I am grateful to my colleague, Prof <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/law/people/hamillsa/" target="_blank">Sarah Hamill</a>, for bringing this to my attention), this time of mistaken payment to a company that subsequently went into liquidation (with added links):</p>
<blockquote><p><a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/health/2025/07/30/hse-paid-medical-products-company-720000-twice-for-the-same-invoice/" target="_blank"><font size="+2"><strong>Medical device company paid €720,000 twice by HSE for the same invoice now in liquidation</strong></font></a><br />
<strong>Health service [HSE] says it is engaged with liquidator to recover overpayment to <a href="https://www.pmd-solutions.com" target="_blank">PMD</a> Device Solutions Ltd</strong></p>
<p>A company paid more than €720,000 twice by the Health Service Executive (HSE) on foot of the same invoice <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2025/02/14/provisional-liquidators-appointed-to-cork-medical-supplies-company/?" target="_blank">is now in liquidation</a>. The HSE said it was “engaged with the liquidator to recover and resolve this overpayment, among other matters”. So far the overpayment has not been recouped. &#8230;</p>
<p>The <em>Irish Times</em> <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/politics/2025/07/25/hse-paid-720000-invoice-twice-using-different-systems-audit-finds/" target="_blank">reported on Frida</a>y that the HSE financial <a href="https://about.hse.ie/news/hse-publishes-2024-annual-report-advancing-reform-to-deliver-better-care/" target="_blank">report for 2024</a> showed one company had been paid more than €720,000 from two different parts of the health service on foot of the same invoice. No cross-checking had been carried out.</p></blockquote>&#8230;]]></description>
		
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		<title>Updates on the Defamation (Amendment) Bill and SLAPPs</title>
		<link>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/07/updates-on-the-defamation-amendment-bill-and-slapps/</link>
					<comments>https://www.cearta.ie/2025/07/updates-on-the-defamation-amendment-bill-and-slapps/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Eoin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 15 Jul 2025 07:00:01 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Defamation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Defamation (Amendment) Bill 2024]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.cearta.ie/?p=22935</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.coe.int/es/web/commissioner/-/speech-at-the-european-anti-slapp-conference" target="_blank"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/coe-hrc-slapp-2020.jpg" alt="coe hrc slapp " width="350" height="197" class="alignright size-full wp-image-22941" style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 20px" srcset="https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/coe-hrc-slapp-2020.jpg 350w, https://www.cearta.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/coe-hrc-slapp-2020-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /></a>In <a href="https://www.cearta.ie/2025/07/defamation-amendment-bill-fails-to-protect-public-interest-speech-by-providing-inadequate-protections-against-slapps/" target="_blank">a post last week</a>, I argued that the <a href="https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/bills/bill/2024/67/" target="_blank">Defamation (Amendment) Bill 2024</a> fails to protect public interest speech, in particular by providing inadequate protections against strategic lawsuits against public participation (<a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI(2022)733668" target="_blank">SLAPPs</a>). I was commenting on a <a href="https://www.indexoncensorship.org/2025/07/irelands-defamation-amendment-bill-fails-to-protect-public-interest-speech/" target="_blank">statement</a> by the Ireland Anti-SLAPP Network expressing concern about the cursory treatment of SLAPPs in the Bill. In a <a href="https://www.coe.int/es/web/commissioner/-/speech-at-the-european-anti-slapp-conference" target="_blank">speech</a> at the European Anti-SLAPP Conference in Strasbourg on 20 October 2022, then Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, <a href="https://www.coe.int/es/web/commissioner/previous-commissioners" target="_blank">Dunja Mijatovic</a>, said that Maltese journalist <a href="https://www.daphne.foundation/en/about/daphne/" target="_blank">Daphne Caruana Galizia</a> </p>
<blockquote><p>&#8230; gave a good definition of what a SLAPP is and what it means for society. She said that “laws that were designed to protect people who are genuinely hurt are being used as a tool of abuse and aggression by people in power against people with no power.”</p>
<p>And Daphne was right! SLAPPs are one of the most hurtful tools to stifle free speech. The simple threat of filing such a lawsuit is sometimes enough to bring about the desired effect of halting activism or journalists’ investigations and reporting.</p>
<p>SLAPPs represent a serious threat to freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and to the right to acquire information for public interest.</p></blockquote>&#8230;]]></description>
		
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