Cedric Muller's Blog

Install outdoor lighting, garden

2011-01-31T20:04:00.000-08:00

To install an outdoor lighting you must: provide for the location of terminals, make a trench for the cables if your device is not attached to the house, put up your electrical circuit.Without forgetting to meet safety standards.

Prepare outdoor lighting

Making a drawing of her house, her garden is the best way to start the installation.Determine the location of the terminals (in the garden, driveway leading to the house).List them in the drawing. Mention also the area where you will do your trench, taking account of any obstacles (arbres. ..). Measure the distance between the location of fixtures and general electrical panel. You can then calculate the lengths of cable, wire and sheath warning necessary. See the drawing.

Exterior lighting: the trench

Digging in the space provided on your drawing, a trench 25 cm wide and 60 cm deep.Dig up to 85 cm for a roadway. Place a 15 cm bed of sand at the bottom of this trench.You will get a maximum security. Your cables are not interfered with by subsequent work (eg tree planting).

The wiring of your garden éclairagede

Then put the protective sleeve at the bottom of the trench. Pass the cable inside the sheath with the pull-son. Pull up the other end. Then cover the sheath 15 to 20 cm of sand. Install a fence above warning buried electrical cable. Cover with sand and earth.Tamp until a flat surface at ground level.

Outdoor lighting: installation of terminals

The terminals chosen to make your garden lighting must be firmly established on the ground. If you pour concrete to lay the terminals (in an alley, for example) out of the ground before the duct and cable.

The circuit design of outdoor lighting

Disconnect all power before working. Place the top circuit, from the general picture, a GFCI. Protect then install your garden lighting with one or more circuit breakers equipped with suitable amperage fuses. The garden lights are connected to many?Feel free to divide the power supply circuits to avoid overloading the system. Make the electrical connections within equipment or in a sealed junction box. Your garden lighting is powered from your electricity at 220 V: You must use a security cable for this purpose. If your devices are low voltage, connect them to a processor. You install it conveniently close to your power supply.

Installation and connection of a circuit breaker

2011-01-31T20:03:00.000-08:00

GFCI: protects the circuitry to prevent overheating in high demand; protects people by cutting the power in case of anomaly. The effectiveness of a circuit breaker depends on its sensitivity.

RCD: What's this?

Choosing the right breaker

This module is implemented in the table at the start of the installation or electrical circuits. It continuously monitors the amount of electricity that enters the house and that comes through. These two values must be equal.

If it finds a difference, if there is less power output, then there is a leak: it fires instantly cut the power . Its sensitivity, the threshold at which it determines that the difference is an anomaly, is variable. For example, it is 500 mA (milliamp) for the breaker subscriber asked by your energy supplier. This value is too high to protect users.

That's why the table has other circuit breakers, high sensitivity, only 30 mA. Note that there are also switches. They do not provide protection against overloads and control only a single circuit while a circuit breaker can protect many. Simply choose a caliber.

Before connecting the GFCI

Look at your table allocation. Raise brand elements installed to give you the same.Disconnect power: Turn the power switch "off." Check for power before working on your GFCI. Lift and remove the protective cover from the electrical panel. Start connecting the circuit breaker.

Connecting the circuit breaker

Insert the circuit breaker on the rail. Connect the input of the other modules, so it's the first element of general electrical panel.

Connecting the circuit breaker: the connection

Connect neutral and phase son of general food together according to color (blue = neutral, phase = red). Downstream, connect the neutral (blue) and phase (red) to the circuit.

The installation of an earth

2011-01-31T20:02:00.000-08:00

Any device connected to land is a guarantee of peace in a dwelling. In the event of insulation failure, the current is attracted to the earth. Install an earth is required. This transaction is subject to strict rules that ensure its proper functioning.

Install the earth: to be done before

The earth itself is a post of great length, planted vertically. It may also consist of a loop, set up in the bottom of the excavation before constructoinconstruction the house.

This outlet is a ground wire to the main earthing terminal. On it are also connected the main protective conductor (from the overall picture) and the main equipotential bonding. The latter connects all the pipes and metal structures of the building and the local equipotential, that of the bathroom for example.

If any of these components is poorly done, the ground may be completely ineffective .On the other hand, we must take into account the resistivity of the soil, that youIs to say its ability to absorb the flow, like water on a sponge. The resistivity varies with the terrain and degree of humidity . It must be calculated with a special device, a ohmmetreohmmètre earth, different testers sold in supermarkets. The embodiment shown below is a general case. Validate your work done by a professional.

A reminder: it is strictly forbidden to use a metal pipe, whatever, as a ground carelessly.It is, alas, too often the case in older dwellings.

Components of a grounding

Make a trench between the house where you will do your installation earth. Bury the sheath TPC, where you have previously passed the earthing conductor.

The hole to install the earthing

Dig a hole the size of the cement box with a lid. Push the ground rod about 2 m deep .Leave a few inches beyond the pole, with the clamp. Connect the driver picketed by the clamp and wrap the sealant to protect it. Enclose everything in the cement box. Attach to the wall, 30 cm above the ground, the array of measurement, between the painting and general electrical installation earthing.

Connecting a grounding

Plug the end of the grounding conductor, leaving the sheath TPC at the bar of measurement. Take a length of ground wire (green and yellow), strip both ends. Then, connect one on the strip and the other on your electrical panel generally. If this wire through the wall, it must be protected by a sheath PWC.

The installation of a parabola

2011-01-31T20:01:00.000-08:00

Install a parabola is: - although the guide - secure it - treat the connection - to the channel setting - secure the cable.

Know Before installing a satellite dish

Contact neighbors to make sure that the channels that interest you are well captured in your city. Complete the installation of a parabola is an investment. Not being able to enjoy it because you do not pick is pity.

Prepare to install the dish

Assemble your dish according to manufacturer's instructions. Choose the location for installing the dish. It must always be:
- On the south;
- Upward;
- In a place without obstacles in front;
- Where it will not offer too much windage.

Secure the mast on which it is attached. It must be firmly anchored in the ground, on a wall or a chimney very solid. Verify the verticality of parable to install your spirit level.

How to install a satellite dish

Attach the dish on the mast. Adjust its orientation according to the manufacturer.Measure the length of coaxial cable needed to connect the dish to your TV stand. Screw the two F plugs at each end of the cable. Connect the coaxial cable from one side to the receiving head and the other the receiver. Unplug the TV. Connect the receiver to the TV with the SCART cable. Connect the receiver and the TV sector. Turn on the TV and receiver. Set the receiver on the TV as specified by the manufacturer.

Install a parable finishes

Place caps on sealing plugs F of coaxial cable. Attach the cable to the wall with jumpers. Take care, fixing it, not crush, bend or damage, which might alter the quality of reception.

Install a dimmer switch

2011-01-31T20:00:00.000-08:00

Nothing is easier than installing a dimmer switch. Once the installation is completed, the connections are very simple. With halogen bulbs so you can vary the light from 60 to 500 W and meet all lighting needs.

Before installing a switch

Disconnect power by turning the power switch "off" before working on the grid. Always check that there is no current phase with a tester before connecting a dimmer switch.

Installation of switch

To install a dimmer switch projecting, remove the case cover and locate the drill holes on the wall. Drill and ankles. To install a dimmer switch built in, make a hole the size of the base of the switch in the wall. Seal it.

Setup switch: connecting

Remove the son of the walls and make the following connection:
- Connect the phase (red wire) from the overall picture on the dimmer switch;
- Connect the neutral wire (blue) and earth (green and yellow wire) from the overall picture on the ceiling;
- Connect the ceiling with dimmer switch (brown wire).

Install a switch: finishes

Screw the base of the dimmer switch projecting wall, then over the top and finally clip on the cover. For a dimmer switch recessed screw the top on the base built, then clip the top part above.

Install a switch back and forth

2011-01-31T19:59:00.002-08:00

Install a back and forth is a conventional electrical wiring. Especially useful to turn off and turn on a light from two distant points of each other at each end of a corridor. Make the connection of a back and forth is not difficult. Pay close attention to the connections of son.

Install a back and forth safely

Before installing a back and forth, or switch, perform the securing of your "yard." Stop the Tide: place the power switch "off." Make sure the current does not flow by controlling a phase tester.

Install a back-and-forth: installation

Drill the hole for recessed switch

To install switches protruding, remove the cover from the two boxes and look for holes to be drilled on both walls.Drill and ankles. To put wall switches, make a hole the size of the base of the switch in your walls and seal.

Connecting a switch back and forth

Making connections

The switches must be connected together by bus, son of orange (or purple). Remove the son of the walls and do the following:
- Connect the phase (red wire) from the overall picture on the first switch back and forth;
- Connect the neutral wire (blue) and earth (green and yellow wire) from the overall picture on the ceiling;
- Connect the second switch back and forth into dome (brown wire);
- Connect the two switches by the two orange son.

Installation of a back and forth: finishes

Screw the back and forth

Screw the base switches projecting wall, then over the top and finally clip on the cover. For recessed switches, screw the top on the base built, then clip the top part above.

Install recessed halogen spotlights

2011-01-31T19:59:00.000-08:00

Before you install a recessed spot, make sure that: - your ceiling is compatible with this type of installation - no obstructions will interfere with the installation - there is enough space to avoid overheating.

Halogen light installation: to do before

Make sure your ceiling can accept the installation of a recessed spot. It can be:
- In gypsum board;
- BA 13;
- Wood paneling;
- PVC (provided it is at least in the M3 fire classification);
- Tense;
- Leaf;
- Cob.

Between the ceiling and the ceiling and walls, there must be a gap of 5 cm or 10 cm to prevent overheating of the halogen spotlight. Before working on leads, turn the power on the board. Check for current before placing halogen spotlights.

Recessed spot: site preparation

Realizing the location of the spot

Draw the location of the ceiling spot with the template provided by the manufacturer. Make sure the location is not crossed by beams. With your drill with the hole saw, make a hole the right size. Sand the edges of the hole.

Recessed spotlight: installation and connection

Connection and installation of the spot

Disconnect the fixture already in place and pull the son to the location of halogen spotlight. Connect the terminals on the spot according to the standards of color: red = live, blue = neutral, earth = green and yellow. Put the spotlight in the hole and clip it with the system provided. Insert the bulb.

Install an electrical outlet

2011-01-31T19:58:00.000-08:00

Install an electrical outlet is part of the ABC of DIY. This step allows you to successfully connect to an electrical outlet, flush or apparent in housing new or old.

Connection outlet: your safety

Disconnect the circuit breaker

Disconnect electric power to the room where you will be working before the installation of an electrical outlet.Remove the fuse or circuit breaker push down the levers involved. Turn off power at main switch if you have not found the right fuse. Check with your tester that electricity is disconnected before installing an electrical outlet.

Recessed electrical outlet installation, the removal

Loosening or dislocation of the old outlet in place. Note the positioning of each wire according to its color, so as to reproduce it.

Installing a recessed socket: mounting

Tighten the terminals

Unscrew the fasteners son of the new socket. Reproduce exactly the old connection socket you wrote:
- Ensure the connections;
- Tighten the screw terminals.

Follow the timeline provided by the manufacturer if you prefer. Install the plug in the wall: *
- Secure the base of the socket, now wired to the housing;
- Install the front of your intake.

Installing electrical outlet apparent: prepare support

Installing an electrical outlet is different in older homes. Catches are often visible or wall mounted. Dismantle and remove the plug from the wall is the only solution. Fill holes with plaster, the wall is in poor condition. Equalize the surface before installing an electrical outlet. Wait until the plaster is completely dry: a few tens of minutes depending on the amount raised. Use sandpaper to smooth the wall.

Apparent connection socket: installation

Discretion of a cannon plug

Connect the power respecting the location of drivers. Glue or screw the support of your decision by following the manufacturer's instructions. Finally, clip the cover on the base.

Power Tools: Basics

2011-01-31T19:57:00.001-08:00

Electrical work require a little knowledge, attention and good tools. For large operations, call a professional. In other cases, here are some power tools that you need.

Ammeter

An ammeter to check the presence of current in your electrical system. It measures the current in your circuit. Start by cutting the power supply to your home. Connect your ammeter between two break points. You can determine this by knowing your circuit. If your meter is digital, the reading of the result is obvious. With an analog device, the needle on your ammeter moves on a scale covering several calibers. The indication is a number of divisions. The inference is the intensity, taking into account the value of the gauge. .

An ammeter branché.sur 1A range continuously. The number of 42 divisions correspond to 0.42 A. The ammeter is really a security instrument, a database of your electrical equipment.

Stripper

This clip can remove the plastic trim on the electric son. Squeeze your wire using the wire stripper to where you want the strip. Pull the plastic cover goes easily. You can now connect your son.

Cable cutting pliers or shears

Cable Cutter

You can cut the cables of 5 cm in diameter with an effortless clip cable cutter. This professional tool is useful for setting up electrical circuits or extension of a circuit. A store with your other power tools.

Current tester

Edit or working on an electrical circuit can be dangerous. The current tester verifies the proper operation of your circuit. It tests: phase, the rotation of your circuit.

Connecting a three-phase

2011-01-31T19:56:00.001-08:00

If you are an existing dwelling, or if you use machine tools at home, you can have a three phase connection. It is a special type of subscription at EDF. But you can just as easily replace a three-phase a normal setting.

Connection phase: to go before

Remove the fuse

Before working on the electrical panel, turn off the power by turning the power switch "off." Always check that there is no current. In the case of three-phase current, use a multimeter ac voltmeter in position, a caliber of 500 volts.

Three-phase: presentation

Prepare the location of decision

A three-phase comprises 4-5 bounds:

1: live wire;
2: live wire;
3: live wire;
N: neutral (not always present);
T: earth.

Three-phase socket: connection

Install three-phase

Choose the location of your three-phase. Drill holes and plugs. By the hole in the bottom of the socket, remove the son. Fit the socket securely to the wall by screws.

Three-phase: connection

Strip the son of 1 cm with the wire stripper. Make the following connection:

- Brown wire on Phase 1;
- Black wire on Phase 2;
- Gray wire on Phase 3;
- Blue wire to Neutral;
- Green and yellow wire on Earth.

It is possible that the 3 phase son are black plug them indifferently on the 3 phase connections.
Tightly screw the son on each connection pad. Replace the cover on the plug and secure it firmly with the screws provided.

Three-phase: controls

Once the connection is made, check that the engine of your machine tool rotates in the direction indicated on the machine. If it runs in reverse, stop and turn the power switch "off." Invert the connection of the son of stage and retry.

Fuses: recognize and change

2011-01-31T19:31:00.000-08:00

Changing a fuse is very easy, but it should not be done lightly. A blown fuse is an indication of a problem on the circuit. You must identify, resolve it before proceeding to change a fuse.
Electrical fuse: the different types

Choosing the correct fuseThere are two kinds of fuses (that was once called the weights):
- Ceramic fuses (which may include a light);
- Fuses glass.

There are fuses 10, 16, 20 and 32 A.

Fuse Electrical powerEach circuit is protected by a fuse. This is a different power depending on the type of equipment it protects:
- Lighting system: 10 amp fuse, maximum power 2300 W;
- Circuit standard sockets: 16 A fuse; maximum power of 3700 W;
- Catch-phase circuit or cooking appliances: 32 A fuse, maximum power of 7400 W.

When designing your circuits, calculate what the maximum power equipment on one circuit. If it exceeds the figures shown above, create another circuit with a fuse to prevent overload. The mix on the same circuit (eg lighting and sockets), is absolutely prohibited.

Changing a fuse

Test all circuitsWhen a fault occurs on your circuit, the fuse protects and "jumps", thus cutting the power. In fact, the surge is melting a small filament inside the fuse, causing the power failure. Before changing a fuse, turn off the power by turning the power switch "off." Identify the cause of the failure and make necessary repairs. This may be an overload (too many devices plugged into the same circuit) or a defective unit.Light fuses are easy to identify. For others, you should test one by one all your circuits to find the electrical fuse to change.

Electrical installations include electrical schematics

2011-01-31T19:30:00.000-08:00

Understanding wiring diagrams is essential for any intervention on the circuit. The electrical system is very codified: symbols and color codes are used by all manufacturers and builders.

Electrical symbols are universally used to describe an electrical installation. All devices require a connection to the electrical installation are provided by manufacturers with their wiring diagrams.You must therefore know the symbols used to make your wiring safe.

Wiring diagram: color codes

Electrical standards set colors for each type of yarn. This standard in the electrical installation can easily determine a breakdown or performing operations on the circuit. Mark for the son:
- The son needed for current flow are red (phase) and blue (neutral).
- Two colors have been reserved for the wire to the earth green and yellow.
- The thread phase can also be black or brown.

In fact, black, brown or orange are often used to indicate the link between a switch (command) and a lighting or appliance.

Appliances and electrical installations: the electrical standards

2011-01-31T19:29:00.000-08:00

Be familiar with electrical standards is critical to the safety of goods and people. There are provisions for minimum electrical standards in the home. They include:
- The table;
- Parts of water;
- The electric son.

Electric standard: Table

Electrical installations must be protected by a circuit-breaker. It can be stopped in one place and easily accessible food supply in case of incidents or work. This switch must be connected to a grounded outlet , combined with a GFCI protection. Circuit breakers or fuses divisional circuit breakers are installed on the table to protect the circuitry housing. The standard also provides that the electric table should have a 20% reserve for possible extensions of the installation.

The standard electrical parts water

Electrical standards in a pond

Electrical installations in the ponds must respect the following electrical standards. In fact it is about respecting the distances and volumes:
- Volume 0. It corresponds to your bath or shower tray. Any electrical device and connector is strictly forbidden;
- Volume 1. In this area, only the water heater has the right to be installed. It must be protected against splashing water. Not involve the installation of switches, sockets, electrical appliances or lighting;
- Volume 2. Some devices can be installed: the heating and lighting, Class II. They are double insulated and protected against splashing water and are stamped NF. Lighting should be at least 0.60 meters from your shower or bath tub;
- Volume 3. Permission is wider. It relates to switches and Class I appliances (like washing machine, dryer) with the NF.

In addition, a link "equipotential" must be installed in the bathroom. This connection is made with a ground wire (green and yellow). It links together the various conductive elements and masses in the accessible metal piece (tub, siphon pipes ...). Then connect them to the earth. In a building with no installation grounded, this connection is also mandatory in the kitchen.

Electric standard: Other obligations

How power is distributed? What are the requirements for electrical installations? The electrical standard specifies all these points. RCDs should be commensurate with the nature of the protected circuits. The power will not be the same for a lighting circuit or a circuit serving the catch of the kitchen. All tours must now have a ground conductor. The outlets should receive plugs of cells. They must receive a stream of 10/16.

Colour wire

Electrical standards set colors for each type of wire:
- Green and Yellow: Earth;
- Blue: neutral;
- Red (or black, brown): phase;
- Orange: Relation between switches back and forth.

The diameter of the wire electrical supply must also meet the standard electricity:
- Lighting: 1.5 mm2;
- Standard sockets: 2.5 mm2;
- Catch-phase and major appliances (oven, stove): 6 mm2.

Any electrical wire embedded must be protected by sheaths ICTA.

Installing an electrical circuit baseboard

2011-01-31T19:28:00.000-08:00

Ask a circuit under baseboards is easy. Electric baseboards are all PVC, wood is prohibited. Their interest is real since you can upgrade your installation without difficulty or operate on the system in case of failure. Learn how to install them?

In which case install a circuit baseboard?

In some cases, make slits in the walls to get the electrical circuit is difficult or impossible
- Old building with stone walls ;
- Partial renovation;
- Change of use of a room.

You do not want to engage in heavy work of masonry. The installation of the circuit under baseboard is then the best solution. Baseboards are white PVC, PVC faux wood or PVC wood veneer.

How to ask a baseboard?

Place the plinth

Carefully measure the electrical circuit that you want to install. Cut the baseboard to size. You use parts of forms: internal and external corners, junctions ... ? Cut the baseboard slightly longer than expected for it to fit under the workpiece shape. Please note, there is a sense (top / bottom) for laying electric baseboard: stick with it. The lowest conductor inside the baseboard must be at least 1.5 cm of soil. Glue the back of the plinth of adhesive and affix it on the wall.Build fix with a few nails at regular intervals.

Electrical circuits: the connection

Clip the plinth

Inside baseboards, separate compartments son (neutral, phase and earth). Observe the locations for each wire and have it pass through the baseboards. Connect the son to be taken if necessary. Clip the cover on top of the baseboard.

Solar panel and photovoltaic solar electricity production

2011-01-31T19:27:00.000-08:00

Solar electricity is clean energy that everyone can produce. Simply install a solar photo voltaic on the roof of his house. This is an investment but you will meet your energy needs and even sell to EDF. All using environmentally friendly methods.

Solar electricity: how it works?

The solar panels are made of silicon. This material has the ability to convert heat into electricity it receives. The current thus produced through an inverter, which converts alternating current.

So you have power when you need it and the surplus of electricity solar product can be sold to EDF rates.

Benefits of Solar Electricity

- Solar electricity produced is environmentally friendly;
- Photovoltaic solar panel adapts to all types of roofs;
- You can qualify for financial aid and tax cuts by making the choice of solar electricity;
- Install a solar panel is possible everywhere in France . It will simply install more sensors if you live in the north. A specialist will inform you;
- Solar panels are reliable installations that require little maintenance. Their life span can exceed 25 years;
- You become an energy producer and highlight future technologies to the environment.

Profitability of solar photovoltaic

A solar panel is profitable from a few years (6 to 10 years), it depends on where you live. The sunshine and the subsidies offered are different elsewhere in France.

The initial investment depends on the material chosen and your energy. It is of the order of € 20 000, excluding subsidies and tax benefits.

Thermal solar panel: generate heat ecologically

Unlike photovoltaics, solar panels do not produce electricity but the solar heat . Less expensive to purchase, they can get hot water through the panels using a liquid coolant.

Install a smoke detector at home

2011-01-31T19:25:00.000-08:00

Since the decree of January 10, 2011, all dwellings must be equipped with at least one smoke detector by March 8, 2015.

Install a smoke detector is very simple: two screws are sufficient. The big question is where to put it down.
In which rooms to install a smoke detector?

Ask a sensor-alarm room occupied by or close to being able to hear the alarm . Indeed, most deadly fires occur at night.

Install a detector in the sleeping rooms where smoking as the risk of fire increases.

Also place a detector in the stairways or corridors : they are often on multiple parts, and in case of fire, smoke engulfed them like a chimney.

You can also place a detector in every room where there are electrical appliances (living room, kitchen, office ...).

NB: be careful however not to place a detector in the kitchen near the cooking areas, which could trigger the smoke detector unintentionally at each meal preparation.

Where to install smoke detectors?

The smoke rising into the air, you must install the detectors, smoke detectors at the ceiling , preferably in the middle of the room .

Fasten to 60 cm angles: indeed, the smoke reached the last corner, once it has spread throughout the room. And to be effective, the detector must strike quickly at the outset of the fire.

Ask at least one detector per floor and put all in a 7 meters in a corridor.

Where not to install smoke detectors

Avoid rooms with a temperature below 4 ° C or above 37 ° C.
Do not install a detector in your bathroom or your garage : the steam and smoke exhaust can cause false alarms.

Similarly, the "electronic noise" from some fluorescent lights can activate them.

Also avoid the near heaters , windows, ceiling fans and air conditioners. If you place the detector in a very ventilated area, it might not be triggered.

What a smoke detector you choose?

Opt for smoke detectors interconnected (with or without a son): the alarm will go off all your alarms at the same time. This will facilitate the fight against fire or the evacuation of the premises.

Make sure that the detectors you buy are marked EN 14604 indicating that they are substandard.

Install a phone jack (RJ45)

2011-01-31T19:23:00.000-08:00

To connect a phone jack, nothing complicated. But be very careful in the observance of codes of color son to use. They absolutely must be the same as the existing facility.

Laying telephone jack RJ 45

Measure the correct length of cable

Determine the location of the phone jack to suit your needs.Drill the wall plugs and screw the housing of the RJ 45 on the wall. Measure the length of wire you need to connect the telephone communication box.

Phone Jack: install the connector

Locate the color codes of connections already present in your home. For the connector (the plug on cable):
- Drawing the cable about 50 mm and without bending without twist;
- Remove the twisted pairs of conductors by straightening. Separate the strands, place them in a star;
- Slide the wires in the strands of connection in the colors. Close the shutters that establish contact between the conductor and connector. Connect the ground conductor;
- Cut the elements beyond the connector.

Repeat on the other end of the wire. Go now connecting the phone jack.

Connecting phone jack: RJ 45

Drawing the cable about 30 mm. Remove the twists of the pairs, straighten them and place them in the order chosen (identical to your other measures already in place).Hold them in place with two fingers and cut the same length (about 10 mm from the sheath). Insert the wires in the socket. Connect the wire with two connectors on one side to the outlet and the other in case of communication.

Establish an aerator on a window

2011-01-31T19:22:00.000-08:00

Regular renewal of the air is a necessity for the comforts of home and its occupants. An aerator on glass, mechanical or electrical, polluted air and sucks it outside the office needs. Its flow rate (expressed in m3 / h) must be adapted to the volume of the room to ventilate.

Precautions

The device you're about to install will help address the moisture in your home. Start by taking the dimensions of the window to be sure you can install an aerator: we must keep at least 4 cm between the glazing unit and the amounts (or cross) of the window.

Check also that the model chosen is sufficiently flat so as not to interfere with the closure of any stock.

Locate the

The installation of this type of Aerator requires the realization of a circular cutout in the glass. The work will be easier if you can remove the ventail and place it flat on two trestles.

Place the aerator in the center of the window and draw in felt pen on the cutting diameter. Measure the exact center of the circle and draw two centerlines, which are markers for the cup of cut-glass circular.

Cut glass

The cup is equipped with a pivoting rod that carries the cutting wheel. It is adjustable in length, like a compass, according to the radius of the cut to be made.
Before using the glass cutter, run a brush impregnated with oil to the area to be cut.

NB : be careful, you should never pass twice on the same score line. This might chip the glass.

Make a first cut line and then a second with a diameter below 4 to 6 cm.
Wield the tool of a smooth and continuous movement without ever board on the line .

Then peel off the cup and streak inside the smallest circle (oil coated) with the dial.Then tap lightly on the cut with a small hammer to separate the glass pieces and remove them.

Do the same thing with the big circle. Do not take broken glass with bare hands: to avoid cuts, wear protective gloves.

Place the aerator

If the device has an attached plastic screw, place it around the first hole. Engage the aerator in the opening and tighten the four screws through the holes provided therefor in the joint.

Models to follow include a lip seal that grips the glass thickness and which adjusts the ventilator.

If the start of the extractor is controlled by a cord, it should hang freely.

The electric versions are equipped with a cord to plug into a junction box. You can attach it to the window using a hot-melt glue gun .

Ask hotplates

2011-01-31T19:20:00.000-08:00

The installation of the cooktop involves cutting the work plan with the dimensions shown in the installation manual. The operation is really simple, but be careful to respect the norms in force connection, whether gas or electricity.
PrecautionsThe substrate must be fabricated from a material resistant to heat , which is normally the case for kitchen countertops in the sale of melamine, laminate, synthetic resin ...For inserting a plate (or table) of cooking, a minimum thickness of 30 mm is usually required.

The possibilities of embedding over any device are always specified in the instructions.They are most often limited to a furnace, but some models can be placed on top of a washing machine, freezer or refrigerator. In all cases, observe the safety distances (also shown) to be struck in the rear of the unit, above, below and on the sides.

Finally, follow strictly the conditions of connection to electricity or gas (EN 30.1.1).Remember also that a permanent ventilation (vent window for example) is required in a room containing a gas appliance.

Prepare underrunIf the plate fits over a base cabinet (most common), center it in the width of the box.Trace around the cut square and to the rule, then drill a hole 8 mm or 10 mm at each corner of the plot to engage the blade of your jigsaw. Sciez slowly and straight to a hole other. Keep in late fall cutting to prevent it pulls its own weight and broke the banks of the plan.

Install the cooktopThe hotplates are supplied with a self-adhesive foam gasket to put on the back before the recess. Turn the plate and begin scouring its periphery to the spirits. Then unroll and apply the seal by removing the As the liner.

Squeeze the joint to make it adhere to metal and cut out the excess with the cutter.Return the plate to the place then, holding it with both hands, snap it into the cut and let it rest gently on the edges. To keep it in place, screw from underneath the four metal for the block under the plan.

NB : see also our record Install a range hood .

Connecting your plateElectrical connection

A plate all electric plugs into a socket or a cable exit 32 A , placed at a height behind the lower cabinet. It must be supplied by an independent circuit with three conductors (Ph, N and T) of 6 mm2. The line must be protected by an array of branch circuit breaker 32 A, itself covered by a 30 mA RCD.

Gas Connection

A natural gas appliances is connected to a standard safety valve , by means of a flexible metal screw caps or mechanical (NF D 36-121). This hose must be accessible for inspection, along its entire length. You should choose a model with unlimited life.

Using a rubber hose is no longer authorized for butane gas appliances .

Connect a washing machine

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With systems taken or self-drilling taps, you can connect a washing machine in less than two hours. Only requirement, you must already have a water inlet and a drain in order to transplant your new plant, which is the case in a kitchen or bathroom.
Installation of water supplyStart by closing the water supply general housing and open the faucet served by the cold water line on which you will transplant to the drain.

The self-boring tap water supply is planned to fit on pipes (usually copper) from 10 to 18 mm in diameter outside. So you can install without problem on the cold water inlet of a fixture (sink, sink, tub ...) in diameter rarely exceeds 14 mm or 16 mm for larger quantities demanded.

Loosen the clamps of the pipe away for a bit of the wall and strip the pipe at the site of transplanting. Use steel wool # 0 if the copper is bare sand paper if painted.

The self piercing valve is mounted on a flange in two parts, which binds first with two screws as a necklace. The half-shell receiving the valve is equipped with a rubber gasket placed between it and the drill tube.

Once the flange in place, screw the faucet over progressively to the drilling pipe. Finally, lock it vertically by tightening its cons-nut with a spanner. Then connect the hose to feed the washing machine.

Installing the evacuation of your washing machineThe drain kit consists of a PVC drain plug adaptable to pipes of Ø 32 or 40 mm. Unlike water supply, drilling does not occur through a valve (useless here) but a specific tool provided with the kit: a kind of wrench with a cookie cutter that makes calibrated cuts.

The drain plug is designed on the same principle of flange in two parts. The external dc has an entry which is screwed a threaded elbow. It has a tip for mounting a siphon tube vertical washing machine .

As above, loosen the clamps holding the pipe and clean it using this time of rubbing alcohol . Fit the drain plug in the space provided (do not forget the gasket) and, with the cutter, drill slowly PVC tube threaded through the inlet flange of the outer half.

The drilling done, remove the tool and screw the elbow on the entry. Then connect it to the trap and insert in the end of the standpipe drain the machine.

Electrical connections to the washing machineA washing machine plugs into a socket 2 P + T 16 A. This decision must be supplied by an independent circuit consists of 3 core 2.5 mm2 (phase, neutral and ground) from the electrical panel.

The line can serve no other appliance and should be protected by painting a circuit breaker 16 A branch circuit breaker or a minimum of 20 A. Any diversion on an existing circuit is prohibited.

Sealing roof terrace

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The tightness of a roof terrace is very easy to implement. Simply:
- Ask a primer;
- To accurately measure the rolls to cover the entire terrace;
- Paste the bituminous membrane.

Sealing roof terrace: on what basis?

You can put your waterproofing terrace:
- On the insulation;
- On the carrier;
- On the old roof membrane (preserved if his condition permits), with or without additional thermal insulation.

Sealing terrace: the preparation

Clean your roof terrace, sweeping, scraping and wire brushing all the elements that are deposited there. Apply paint primer on the entire surface. Start with the corner farthest from the point through which you will exit the roof. Paint backwards not to walk on the paint. Let dry 2 hours.

Sealing roof terrace

Pull down the roll of waterproofing terrace (bituminous membranes) and cut it to size. It should go up high on the edges of the roof terrace. Wrap it again and put it aside.Paste the mastic adhesive surface of the roof to receive the scroll. Put it by removing the As his foil. Do this for all the tightness of the roof terrace, covering every roll of bituminous membrane over several centimeters.

Cleaning and maintenance of a roof

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Cleaning a roof ensures its tightness and strength. However, it can not be improvised. It must be an inventory, diagnose problems and ensure the safety of people who do the cleaning of the roof.
Cleaning the roof: your safety

Remove obstructions from gutters

Before starting cleaning or maintaining the roof, make sure you take every precaution to ensure your safety. Depending on the height and the potential for roof access, rent a ladder with spacer and / or harness with safety. The stability of the scale determines your safety.Always ask someone to stay nearby during the operation. Take advantage of your position near the gutters to remove all debris (moss, dead leaves ...), in addition to cleaning the roof.

Cleaning and Maintenance Roofing: What materials?

The treatment of choice depends on your type of roof tiles in terracotta, concrete, slate ... For example, some concrete tiles can not tolerate bleach, tile Romance does not support the pressure washer ... So check before you start cleaning roof products that are suitable.

Roof Cleaning: Cleaning antifoam

Scrape the mousse

If your roof is overgrown with moss, begin by scratching. Next, spray an anti-foaming algaecide or (special maintenance of the roof) for cleaning the roof. The scraping operation carried out upstream will make the product more effective. The maintenance of a roof should be done by very good weather (after at least 8 hours without rain before seeing the results of your cleaning).

Roof maintenance: protection of the roof

After cleaning the roof, it must now be protected. The protection and maintenance of roofing can be made by a repellent treatment tiles. This treatment reduced the porosity, the risk of bursting and breaks.

The thermal insulation of the roof of a house

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Heat loss through the roof is the largest of all the house: it represents 25 to 30% of the total loss. Simply because hot air rises and gets stuck in the attic: it is there that the exchange hot / cold outdoor air is most important.
Roof insulation home: your choiceInsulating the roof can be achieved by: insulation on the floor. Raises one or two layers of mineral wool in rolls, panels (with or without vapor barrier), mineral wool or loose insulation panels, insulation between the joists, shown here.

Thermal insulation of roof house to go before

RockwoolBefore asking your roof insulation in the attic, check the condition of the roof. Repair and treat if necessary, because after the installation of thermal insulation, it will no longer be accessible through the attic.If your attic are unfinished, lay on the floor joists and boards that allow you to move without damaging the floor.

Roof insulation: selecting the insulationNext you need insulation, choose a mineral wool of varying thickness. For the attic, the minimum is 18 cm. Take a simple insulation rolls if your attic is not occupied. For attics, you can choose between many types of panels. They have a mineral wool on one side and finishing on the other (drywall, paneling ...).

Thermal insulation: the principles of installationThe rolls of mineral wool are covered on one side with a kraft vapor barrier or aluminum: Always ask the latter to the inside of the room. It prevents condensation. If you need two layers of insulation, the bottom layer should consist of an insulation without a vapor barrier. Maintain a gap of at least 4 cm between the roof and insulation to prevent the deterioration of the roof.

Roof insulation between the joists: the installation of insulation

Place the wool insulation under roofTake steps between each joist and see them on the rolls of mineral wool. Cut the wool by adding 1 cm to measures for the panel hugs the space between joists. Staple to the joists, always keeping the vapor barrier toward you. Depending on the configuration of the joists and the type of wool is chosen, nail the joists small wooden brackets that will hold the panels.

Making the insulation of a roof from outside Retrouvez l'article original Faire l'isolation d'une toiture par l'extérieur - Isolation - Bricolage - Pratique sur Pratique.fr

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If you want to keep the volume of your attic, you can make a roof insulation from the outside. Provide insulation from the outside is a big task, but can make significant savings.A rather do on sunny days!

The principle of external insulation

The insulation of a roof from the inside is done by applying an insulation under the rafters of the frame, inside the attic. The external insulation is done by placing sheets of insulation to the rafters under the roof covering (tiles, slates ...). This system has the advantage of not taking up space in the attic and then to leave their land as possible.

In which case implementing external insulation?

The insulation of a roof from outside is advised in case of a construction or major renovation. It should then start by removing the cover of the roof, clean and treat the rafters and replace those damaged. The installation of insulation is then.

Roof insulation: materials and process

Connection panels

The external insulation can be made with extruded polystyrene panels or panels lined with glass wool . The method most often used for insulating a roof is Sarking which to choose:
- The thickness of the insulation based on thermal performance sought;
- The size and type of insulation;
- Finishing the interior face.

The insulation of a roof can be done by projecting the bulk of cellulose or hemp from the rafters on a film Dust. A rain screen, then double battens are then laid.

Different types of frames

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The wooden and metal frameworks each have their advantages. Know them to choose the best solution for your construction knowingly.
The wooden (close)

The wood frame of the traditional type, also called firm, have been used for centuries. They distribute the load on beams arranged in a triangle, relying on each other, redistributing the weight. This type of timber frame is very attractive and may remain visible. It allows more the attic.

The timber frame industry (farm)

The farmhouse is a timber frame industry, consisting of beams joined together by metal connectors. It is assembled in the workshop and is mounted on the frame with a crane. The frame is solid wood industrial property and distributes the loads. Its major drawback: its low height does not allow the use of the attic.

The metal frame

The metal frame is often used in homes of architects. It serves both structural and skeletal frame. It is perfectly suited to the construction of a roof terrace, for example. The metal frame is commonly used in Anglo-Saxon countries but still uncommon in France. The steel beams are not damaged by moisture or insects. Another advantage of the steel structure: it is very solid and very fast to implement.