Chirag Gohel

Connecting to Remote Desktop

2012-01-22T23:07:00.000+05:30

the best solution is Remote Desktop Connection , in which the technician can freely use the customer’s computer, without having to make an appointment. The Techinline Remote Desktopallows this, and novelty of the product is that- Everything is done entirely through the browser.

How it Works?

Website automatically notifies you to download them after logging in.

Having a Remote Access is simple and similar to what all we do with other such software. You need to obtain Client ID after logging in. Hand over this unique ID to someone who you want to give access to.

Person on another side after receiving ID will enter the same from his computer.

Thereafter, the customer accepts requests for technical assistance and accesses the computer remotely. We have various permissions to access like with or without Keyboard and Mouse Control.

What I liked Most about it?

Connecting right from Browser- No Software needs to be installed and access is made from browser itself.
Keeps the complete log of session
Drag and Drop File Sharing- Transfer the files directly during the active session without uploading to any server & then download.
Secure- While sharing our machine, we worry about Security part but Techinline offers SSL,two-factor authentication, code signing certificates. Strong 128-bit encoding makes it almost impossible to steal information.
Cross Browser Compatible- No matter which web browser you use or the person on other side use, install Techinline Addon and you are ready to roll.

Overall, a new player in Remote Desktop with different approach. Rookies will be happy to use it without getting confused and Home Users can use it hassle free.

10 Little Known Tricks about VLC Media Player

2011-12-01T10:55:00.000+05:30

Jigsaw Puzzle Game on VLC Video

The playback of video could be broken down into number of parts / pieces similar to what we have in Puzzle Games.

Tools > Effects and Filters > Video Effects > Geometry > Enable Puzzle Game and select number of Columns and rows on screen.

Make Artistic Sketch

Gradient Effect on VLC Media player could show Video as if its a sketch drawn by an Artist on Canvas.

Tools > Effects and Filters > Video Effects > Image Modification > check on Gradient

Add Logo / Watermark on Video

Though we have already covered a article on how to add Image Logo / Watermark on Video but if you want to have a temporary logo on the video only during playback in presentation, then VLC can do that too.

Tools > Effects and Filters > Video Effects > Logo > Check on Logo and give the file location of Image File either PNG or JPG.

Inbuilt Video Converter

When I say it’s more than a payer then you can expect common Multimedia features in VLC. It can convert any video to most popular Video formats without need of any extra software.

Media > Convert/ Save >Add File > Convert > Select Output format and directory to start processing video

Inception / Desktop inside Desktop Effect

Not so useful, Meant just for fun to see your Desktop screen go upto infinity.

Media > Open Network Stream > Type screen:// and Hit play button

Video Streaming

Not just Local Files (Saved on Compute) but also online media could be played on VLC directly.

You just need to have Video URL which has to be put in Media > Open Network Stream >Enter URL and Play. This could be even Youtube URL to play Youtube Videos on VLC or even Dailymotion and other popular online Video libraries.

Play RAR files / Splitted video Parts

Movie when downloaded from internet comes in several parts with extension .001 .002 which are splitted using WinRAR. You no more need another software to join those files for playback. Just drag the .001 file into VLC Player and you are ready to watch the movie.

Record from WebCam

Media > Open Capture Device and Play after selecting the WebCam. In my case, it was integrated Webcam to my Laptop.

Download Online Media / Streaming Videos

While online media is playing then you can obtain a direct link to download it using VLC. Go to Tools > Codec Information and at the bottom, you will find address of file in Location box.

Alternatively, we can do it by just using Record Option to capture live streaming of video.

Enable Advanced Control from View menu and you will see RECORD button (Red circle)

Video Screenshots

You may want to capture some video still and export into JPG / PNG Image file then VLC has Snapshot feature. Right on Video Playback screen and click on Snapshot.

Image file will be saved to the directory you have mentioned in Preferences of VLC.

32-bit and 64-bit explained

2011-11-27T10:13:00.000+05:30

Will this 32-bit software run on my 64-bit operating system? or

Will this 64-bit software run on my computer?

If you've asked these questions then this tutorial should help you to understand the concepts of 32-bit and 64-bit computing. We'll look at your computer system as three parts: the hardware, the operating system and the application programs. At the end we'll look at some of the common questions people have.

32-bit versus 64-bit

As the number of bits increases there are two important benefits.

More bits means that data can be processed in larger chunks which also means more accurately.
More bits means our system can point to or address a larger number of locations in physical memory.

32-bit systems were once desired because they could address (point to) 4 Gigabytes (GB) of memory in one go. Some modern applications require more than 4 GB of memory to complete their tasks so 64-bit systems are now becoming more attractive because they can potentially address up to 4 billion times that many locations.

Since 1995, when Windows 95 was introduced with support for 32-bit applications, most of the software and operating system code has been 32-bit compatible.

Here is the problem, while most of the software available today is 32-bit, the processors we buy are almost all 64-bit.

So how long will the transition from 32-bit to 64-bit systems take?

The main issue is that your computer works from the hardware such as the processor (or CPU, as it is called), through the operating system (OS), to the highest level which is your applications. So the computer hardware is designed first, the matching operating systems are developed, and finally the applications appear.

We can look back at the transition from 16-bit to 32-bit Windows on 32-bit processors. It took 10 years (from 1985 to 1995) to get a 32-bit operating system and even now, more than 15 years later, there are many people still using 16-bit Windows applications on older versions of Windows.

The hardware and software vendors learnt from the previous transition, so the new operating systems have been released at the same time as the new processors. The problem this time is that there haven't been enough 64-bit applications. Ten years after the PC's first 64-bit processors, installs of 64-bit Windows are only now exceeding those of 32-bit Windows. Further evidence of this inertia is that you are probably reading this tutorial because you are looking to install your first 64-bit software.

Your computer system in three parts

Now we'll look at those three components of your system. In simple terms they are three layers with the processor or CPU as the central or lowest layer and the application as the outermost or highest layer as shown below:

To run a 64-bit application you need support from all lower levels: the 64-bit OS and the 64-bit CPU.

To run a 64-bit operating system you need support from the lower level: the 64-bit CPU.

This simplification will be enough for us to look what happens when we mix the 32-bit and 64-bit parts. But if you want to understand the issue more deeply then you will also need to consider the hardware that supports the CPU and the device drivers that allow the OS and the applications to interface with the system hardware.

What 32-bit and 64-bit combinations are compatible and will work together?

This is where we get to the practicalities and can start answering common questions.

The general rule is that 32-bit will run on a lower level 64-bit component but 64-bit does not run on a lower level 32-bit component:

A 32-bit OS will run on a 32-bit or 64-bit processor without any problem.
A 32-bit application will run on any combination of OS and processor
But 64-bit application will only run on a 64-bit OS and a 64-bit OS will only run on a 64-bit processor.

This table illustrates the same rule:

Table 1: What is compatible between 32-bit and 64-bit parts of the system

	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Application Program	32-bit	64-bit	32/64-bit	32-bit	32-bit	64-bit
Operating System (OS)	32-bit	32-bit	64-bit	32-bit	64-bit	64-bit
Processor (CPU)	32-bit	32-bit	32-bit	64-bit	64-bit	64-bit

The main reason that 32-bit will always run on 64-bit is that the 64-bit components have been designed to work that way. So the newer 64-bit systems are backward-compatible with the 32-bit systems (which is the main reason most of us haven't moved to 64-bit software).

An example of backward compatibility is Windows 64-bit. It has software called WOW64 that provides compatibility by emulating a 32-bit system. See the article How Windows 7 / Vista 64 Support 32-bit Applications if you want to know more. One important point that is made in that article is that it is not possible to install a 32-bit device driver on a 64-bit operating system. This is because device drivers run in parallel to the operating system. The emulation is done at the operating system level so it is available to the higher layer, the application, but it is not available to the device driver which runs on the same level.

Hardware virtualization is the exception to the rule

Another question many people have is whether a 32-bit system can run 64-bit software. As more people are looking to use 64-bit Windows they are wanting to try it out on their existing systems. So we are getting more questions about whether they can run it on their 32-bit processor or under their 32-bit OS.

Following the general rule, we would expect that you cannot run 64-bit software on a 32-bit system. Except that there is one exception called virtualization.

Virtualization creates a virtual system within the actual system. Virtualization can be achieved in hardware or software but it works best if the virtual machine is created in the system hardware. The guest operating system is not aware that there is a host operating system already running. This is the way that a 64-bit operating system can think that it is running on 64-bit hardware without being aware that there is a 32-bit operating system in the mix.

The table below illustrates the result. Provided that the virtual machine can actually be created and isolated by the host operating system then the host OS is effectively removed from the equation so I've grayed it out. We can now apply the general rules for a non-virtualized system to the three remaining layers.

Table 2: What is compatible between different parts of a virtualized system

	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Application Program	32-bit	64-bit	32/64-bit	32-bit	32-bit	64-bit
Guest Operating System	32-bit	32-bit	64-bit	32-bit	64-bit	64-bit
Host Operating System	32-bit	32-bit	32-bit	32/64-bit	32/64-bit	32/64-bit
Processor (CPU)	32-bit	32-bit	32-bit	64-bit	64-bit	64-bit

Before you hurry away to try running 64-bit in a virtual machine, you must check that your computer BIOS supports hardware virtualization. If it does not then hardware virtualization will not work even if the CPU does support it.

Print Only The Part(s) Of A Web Page That You Wish

2011-11-24T23:57:00.000+05:30

With most web sites now carrying loads of ads, pictures, banners, and other assorted content in addition to the actual text of each page, printing out a web page can be difficult. Printers don't always print multi-item pages correctly, especially if they're quite wide, and printing out those photos and banners wastes ink.

Some sites, of course, offer a "print this page" option which strips out much of the unnecessary content. But still, there are often adverts left in the printout.

If you've had this problem in the past, you probably solve it the same way I do. Copy and paste individual paragraphs from the web browser into Word or Notepad, and print from there. But you don't have to do that any more, because there's a much more sophistcated option.

Just head to www.printwhatyoulike.com and, on the home page, enter the address of the page that you want to print. The service is completely free, and you don't have to register or log in. Once you've entered the URL, your chosen web page will appear on screen, with the PWYL menu to the left. You can now click around the loaded web page and highlight, or delete altogether, individual components on the page. Which, for those of you who know HTML, means any "div" area.

Once you've collected together all the areas that you want to print, or removed those that you don't, just hit the Print button and you're done.

PrintWhatYouLike is a great idea that will save you time and money. It's free, and there's nothing to download or install either. A winner, I reckon.

Get Email Etiquette Right

2011-11-18T15:04:00.000+05:30

Five Ways To...

Get Email Etiquette Right

THIS ONE must have come as a surprise to you, but is taken seriously in the corporate world: Your boss told you to ‘grow up’ because you used ‘:p’ in an email. Indeed, email etiquette is a big deal, and you will end up hurting your own interest if you don’t follow its rules. Anand Altekar lists a few things you need to keep in mind

1 Plan the Email

You shouldn’t put anything in an email that you wouldn’t put on a postcard. “A client usually signs a confidentiality agreement when engaging a company. One should always remember that e-mails are company property and can be used in a court of law,” says Utkarsh Sanghvi, senior tax professional. Email can be forwarded; an unwanted party may see what you have written. So avoid writing personal emails from your company email ID.

2 Mind your Language

“People have forgotten basic letterwriting skills. SMS language and writing the entire mail in capital letters is common. Some people also write the entire mail in the subject line,” says Sandhya Sadananda, director, Windchimes Communications. Remember, when you write using capital letters, it looks as if you are shouting. “Most emails don’t have a proper greeting”, adds Sadananda. Make sure your mail includes a courteous greeting and closing and always address your contact with the appropriate level of formality.

3 Check CCs and BCCs

Use blind copy (BCC) only when sending the email to a large number of recipients. Copy (CC) only people directly involved. Also, be sparing with the “reply all” button. “I usually get annoyed to open an e-mail that says only ‘I agree’. I use the ‘reply all’ button only when I have something to add” says Alap Mehra, deputy manager Acturial, Bajaj Allianz.

4 Reply Quickly, be Brief

Reply to important messages quickly. If you receive an emotionally charged message, take a minute to think it through and then reply. Try to concentrate on one subject per message. An email longer than necessary is quite frustrating. No one likes to scroll through endless pages of replies to understand a discussion, so try to summarise long discussions.

5 Don’t Run, Don’t Hide

“I think people should not use e-mail to cover up their mistakes. Work issues which put emotional pressure, should not be discussed over email. I prefer talking to the person directly,” says Gagan Agarwal, manager, indirect taxation, Essar Group. Faceto-face communication conveys emotions in a much better way.

One Man s War Against Facebook on the European Front

2011-11-17T14:11:00.002+05:30

Max Scherms is a 24-year-old law student from Vienna who is hell-bent on
changing the rules Facebook plays by. As a visiting student in
California last semester, he was puzzled by a class visit from a
Facebook representative, whose ideas of European privacy laws were very
different than Scherms's own understanding. Since then, he's filed 22
complaints against Facebook Ireland Limited, the subsidiary that
oversees European users of the social network, for everything from
poking to tagging to facial recognition. He's also started a group
called Europe Versus Facebook, which fights for users to obtain more
power over their own information. For example, did you know that the
Facebook "Like" button gathers user information, not just every time you
click it, but every time you end up on a page that contains the button
at all? That cookie then associates the page with all the others you've
visited over the last three months.

"The first problem is the lack of transparency," Scherms told us via
e-mail today. "The second problem is the lack of user control. We
deposit our data at Facebook, but we cannot to efficiently control what
is happening to them." Even if you're deleting things from your profile,
they're still keeping the information, he contends, and so you're
"actually just hiding it from yourself."

Although his movement is based in Europe, Scherms says that if he's
successful, Facebook will be forced to implement changes worldwide, "so
it is very likely that U.S. residents will get more rights too." Scherms
also has an eye on Google+, although he has no legal rights to file
complaints against them in Europe.

Like most twentysomethings, though, Scherms is also insistent that he's
a fan of the services provided. "I think that social networking is a
pretty cool thing, so I don't see why I should limit myself just because
Facebook is not following the laws," he said. Plus, he added, "Facebook
has a monopoly on our friends."

Buy any linux CD / DVD

2011-11-13T15:05:00.000+05:30

If you want to buy any CD/DVD for Open Source,
go and buy it from the following link

http://linuxplate.in/ref/chiragkgohel

Tech that will Replace Credit Cards

2011-11-12T00:51:00.000+05:30

Tech that will Replace Credit Cards

NFC,or near-field communication,is a variant of RFID,or radio frequency identification.It is an ultra short-range wireless technology that allows communication and data exchange between two devices held in tight proximity - about 4 cm apart.

WHAT IS NFC

NFC,or near-field communication,is a variant of RFID,or radio frequency identification.It is an ultra shortrange wireless technology that allows communication and data exchange between two devices held in tight proximity - about 4 cm apart.

HOW IS IT DIFFERENT FROM BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth is also a short-range high frequency wireless technology but one that allows interaction between communication devices as much as 10 meters apart.

WHAT MAKES NFC SPECIAL

NFC-enabled smartphones have the potential to replace credit cards.This is because NFC phones pack a smart chip - a complex 80-character code that is really hard to crack.Such a device can safely store confidential credit card details and be handy for purchases on the go.Frost & Sullivan predicts the technology will revolutionise e-commerce and drive over $150 billion worth of transactions by 2015,bulk of which is expected to be powered by NFC phones.

WHAT ELSE CAN THE TECHNOLOGY DO

NFC can be deployed in ticketing services,rural banking,interactive and targeted advertising,healthcare,hospitality,libraries and pharmacies.In fact,an NFC phone could become the single-key to access to your car,home and office.

HOW DO NFC TRANSACTIONS WORK

Any device,a cellphone,a camera or a watch,can be equipped with an NFC initiator',which is simply an antenna that can store data.If the device is an NFC smartphone,the 'initiator' and 'target' (an NFC reader) need to be up close for data exchange to happen.The `reader' is attached to a point-of-sale (PoS) terminal or cash-register in a retail store that accepts NFC payments.A simple wave of the phone can pay for a purchase.Alternatively,two NFC phones can be tapped lightly to exchange business cards.

WILL NFC BE A DRAIN ON BATTERY LIFE

Geeks claim that in standby mode,a well-designed NFC solution does not consume any power.And since transactions happen in seconds,the power drain is not huge.

ARE NFC-ADOPTION LEVELS GROWING

Globally,NFC adoption is picking up via smartphones.RIM,Nokia,Samsung and HTC have unveiled NFC smartphones.Apple iPhone5 is tipped to support NFC too.Google Wallet -- a mobile payments technology that can be downloaded on some US mobile networks -- is growing the NFC ecosystem.Payment trials have also begun in Australia,Singapore and China.

HAS NFC ARRIVED IN INDIA

The technology is still in its infancy here.As of now,the Reserve Bank does not recognise NFC mobile payment transactions and PoS terminals accepting NFC payments don't exist.But NFC-enabled phones like BlackBerry's Touch Bold 9900 and Curve 9360,Samsung's Nexus S and Galaxy S II and Nokia's C7,700,701 and 600 are available.For NFC to take off,RBI has to frame norms and banks,carriers,creditcard companies,apps developers and PoS terminal makers have to team up.But awareness levels are growing and NFC is making some waves in entertainment.ShahRukh Khanstarrer Ra.One was the first movie to be marketed by Nokia using NFC technology.Armed with an NFC phone,you can download the movie content by merely tapping the device on a NFC-tagged movie poster at a Nokia priority outlet or a partner multiplex.

Android Development

2011-11-07T12:36:00.000+05:30

http://www.vogella.de/articles/Android/article.html

ISRO builds India''s fastest supercomputer SAGA-220

2011-11-07T11:11:00.000+05:30

ISRO builds India''s fastest supercomputer SAGA-220

Indian Space Research Organisation has built a supercomputer, which is to be India’s fastest in terms of theoretical peak performance of 220 TeraFLOPS (220 Trillion Floating Point Operations per second).

The supercomputer “SAGA-220″, built by the Satish Dhawan Supercomputing Facility located at Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram at a cost of about Rs 14 crore was inaugurated by K Radhakrishnan, Chairman ISRO at VSSC today, ISRO said in a statement.

The new Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) based supercomputer, “SAGA-220″ (Supercomputer for Aerospace with GPU Architecture-220 TeraFLOPS) is being used by space scientists for solving complex aerospace problems.

“SAGA-220” is fully designed and built by Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre using commercially available hardware, open source software components and in house developments.

The system uses 400 NVIDIA Tesla 2070 GPUs and 400 Intel Quad Core Xeon CPUs supplied by WIPRO with a high speed interconnect.

With each GPU and CPU providing a performance of 500 GigaFLOPS and 50 GigaFLOPS respectively, the theoretical peak performance of the system amounts to 220 TeraFLOPS, the statement said.

The present GPU system offers significant advantage over the conventional CPU based system in terms of cost, power and space requirements, it said.

The system is environmentally green and consumes a power of only 150 KW. This system can also be easily scaled to many PetaFLOPS (1000 TeraFLOPS).

How to get free .in Domain Name

2011-11-07T10:01:00.000+05:30

Google India, in partnership with ICICI Bank and HostGator (the web hosting company), has launched a new program called India Get Online where they make it easy for you to setup a website for your business for free.

As part of the deal, you get a free .in web domain (provided it is available) and free web hosting for one year. The .in domain will registered to you while Hostgator will manage the website hosting* though you can move the site to any other web host for free.

Such free offers are always a goldmine for spammers but Google India has made it mandatory for businesses to enter their Permanent Account Number (PAN) or Tax Deduction Account Number (TAN) at the time of registration. Since these numbers are unique for every individual / business, you can’t avail it more than once.

Your website will be integrated with Google Apps so you also get access to other Google products like Gmail, Google Analytics, Google Docs and more. You also get Google Adwords coupons worth INR 2.5k for free to help you advertise your website on Google and AdSense network sites.

[*] If you have purchased a web domain already, you can also use Google App Engine to host your website online for free.

You can visit vijashiviinternational.in or khoslaprinters.in to get an idea of how sites created with the “India Get Online” look like. There’s a set of readymade web templates, pick one that matches your business profile, you can customize the text and pictures of the pages and your site is good to go.

Google hasn’t exactly specified the amount that businesses will have to pay to renew their website registration and hosting after one year except saying that it will be a “discounted fee.”

Microsoft had a offered a similar service in India called Office Live for Small Businesses but they recently discontinued it in favor of Office 365 which is less about website hosting but more about running your business in the cloud.

Learn PHP, Python, Java Script

2011-11-02T15:07:00.003+05:30

http://fossacademy.org/

India is Changing. . . . ! ! !

2011-09-20T21:12:00.001+05:30

IITian and Rickshaw-wala...nice piece of conversation


   This one is delightfully interesting to read.


             There were two rickshaw-walas vying for our business, when we wanted to go to Sankat-Mochan temple in Benaras. I agreed to go with the one, who was about 20 years of age, seemed like a regular young rickshaw-wala, but I found something interesting about him. I was not proved wrong.

He wanted Rs 50, we said Rs 30. We settled for Rs 40.

Here are the highlights of the conversation that ensued, while we rode the rickshaw:

             "Aap kahan se aaye hain?"

"Delhi."

            "Bijness, ya kaam karte hain?"

"Naukri karte hain."

            "Kismein?"

"Internet mein."

            "Humara bhi kuch wahin kaam lagwa dijiye."

I just chuckled.

            "Main try kar raha hoon engineering padhne kee. Achchi naukri lag jaayegi tab."

"Achcha?" I asked a little interested.

"Haan, delhi mein Guru Gobind Singh Indraprashta University mein engineering ke liye apply kiya hai. Achchi hai woh university."

"Haan, achchi hai", I agreed.

            "Haan, kal hee maine JEE bhi diya."

"JEE matlab, IIT ka?"

            "Haan, Joint Entrance Examination" he pronounced it perfectly.Just to make it clear to me what JEE stood for. "Mushkil hota hai exam."

            "Haan, 2 saal toh log padhte hee hain uske liye, asaan nahin hai."

            "Delhi mein Akaash coaching institute hain na?"

"Haan, hai."

            "Aapne kya padhai kee?"

"Main engineer hoon, aur phir MBA bhi kiya."

            "Kahan se engineer?"

"IIT Delhi se."

            He swung back, surprised, a little delighted, and smiled. "Ok,

aapke liye Rs 30."

Swati and I laughed.

Swati asked "Padhai kab karte they IIT ke liye?"

            "Bas, rickshaw chalaane ke baad raat mein". Then he added

"Kismein engineering kee aapne?"

"Chemical."

            "Toh aapki Chemistry toh badi strong hogi."

"Nahin, aisa nahin hai."

            He continued "Yeh bataiye....jab Mendeleev ne Periodic Table

banaya tha tab kitne elements they usmein?"

Now it was my turn to get surprised. He was quizzing me. I said "Shayad 70-80."

            "No, 63" he said sharply. "Kaunse element kee electronegativity highest hai?"

Swati was laughing, and I didnt try too hard and said "Pata nahin."

"Flourine", he said confidently. Without a break he asked,"Kaunse element kee electron affinity highest hoti hai?"

Now I was laughing too and said "Nahin pata"

            "Chlorine. toh aapka kaunsa subject strong tha?" clearly having

proven that my chemistry wasn't a strong point.

"Physics", I said.

            "Achha, Newton's second law of motion kya hai?"

I thought I knew this one. "F=ma", I said.

            "Physics is not about formula, it is understanding concept!", he reprimanded me in near perfect English. "Tell me in statement"

I was shocked. Swati continued to laugh.

I said "ok, Newtons second law, er....was...."

            " 'Was' nahin, 'is'!Second law abhi bhi hai!" he snapped at my

use of 'was'.

Surely, my physics wasn't impressing him either. "Yaad nahin, I said"

            "Force on an object is directly proportional to the mass of the

object and the acceleration of the object", he said it in near perfect

English. "Aapne M.Tech nahin kiya?"

"Nahin, MBA kiya"

            "MBA waale toh sirf paisa kamana chahte hain, kaam nahin karte."

"Nahin, aisa nahin hai, paisa kamaane ke liye kaam karna padta hai." Didn't think too highly of me apparently anymore.

In a minute we reached our destination. We got off and I told

him that he must and should definitely study more, and that I thought he was sharp as hell. He took only Rs 30, smiled and began to leave. I got my camera out and said "Raju, ek photo leta hoon tumhari". He waved me off, dismissed the idea and rode off before I could say anything more....leaving me feeling high and dry like a spurned lover.

Damn, what a ride that was! India is changing, and changing fast.


             And so it goes !!!!!

The Highest Railways in the World

2011-09-03T22:29:00.000+05:30

Photo (Foto: China Photos/Getty Images)

The Qingzang railway, Qinghaiâ€“Xizang railway, or Qinghaiâ€“Tibet railway is a high-altitude railway that connects Xining, Qinghai Province, to Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, in China. The total length of Qingzang railway is 1956 km. Construction of the 815 km section between Xining and Golmud was completed by 1984. The 1142 km section between Golmud and Lhasa was inaugurated on 1 July 2006 by president Hu Jintao: the first two passenger trains were "Qing 1" (Q1) from Golmud to Lhasa, and "Zang 2" (J2) from Lhasa.This railway is the first to connect China proper with the Tibet Autonomous Region, which, due to its altitude and terrain, is the last province-level entity in mainland China to have a conventional railway. Testing of the line and equipment started on 1 May 2006. Passenger trains run from Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Xining and Lanzhou. 54 images after a break.......

The line includes the Tanggula Pass, which, at 5,072 m (16,640 feet) above sea level, is the world's highest rail track. The 1,338 m Fenghuoshan tunnel is the highest rail tunnel in the world at 4,905 m above sea level. It is known as the nearest door to the heaven. The 4,010-m Guanjiao tunnel is the longest tunnel from Xining to Golmod and the 3,345-m Yangbajing tunnel is the longest tunnel from Golmod to Lhasa. More than 960 km, or over 80% of the Golmud-Lhasa section, is at an altitude of more than 4,000 m. There are 675 bridges, totalling 159.88 km, and about 550 km of the railway is laid on permafrost. Text Via Link

http://xqno.com/binb

Stop Spoiling & Wasting your money and stop SMS-ing to KBC or the OTHER TV CONTESTs

2011-09-03T14:49:00.003+05:30

Stop Spoiling & Wasting your money and stop SMS-ing to KBC or the OTHER TV CONTESTs

We all know KBC is Good Business.
But have you ever pondered...
How Good....????

Any guesses? Let's see...

Airtel, Idea & All other subscribers are charging Rs.5/- per SMS sent for this contest.

India have States: 28, Union Territories: 7, Districts: 640,

Population =1,210,193,422 (Survey On March 1, 2011),

Average Districts population is 18, 00,000

82,69,30,000 (82 Crore) Mobile User &

Telephone Subscribers (Wireless and Landline): 861480000 (86 Crore) (Apr’2011)

[Land Lines: 34550000 (3 Crore) (Apr’2011), Mobile Cell phones: 82,69,30,000 (82 Crore) (Spr’2011)]

Assuming 1% person are making call to KBC

5Rs/SMS X 8269300 (82Lac, 0.82 Crore) = Rs. 4,10,00,000 (4.1Crores)

4.1Crore in 20 minutes.
(People trying for the 2 Lac cash prize)

Imagine what if 10% person entries try out than it will be 41 Crores

And it does not stop there...

In practice it could be another multiple of 100 or a multiple of 1000 on an average.

In that case it is 4.1 x 30 episode = 123 crores earnings in just 20 minutes on every episode!!!

So Total per month income from this KBC season is 123 crores from episode and 1230 crores from (People trying for the 2 Lac cash prize.) = 1353 Crores per months

And the prize money: A mere 2 crores...
(And from whose pocket?)

Smart Business by Siddharth Basu!

And the best part of this calculation is just the SMS earning!!

What about the Ad money?

A rough annual profit calculation goes like this:

Rs. 1353 Crores per months X 12 = Rs. 16263 Crores annually
Let even 50% get dissolved in taxes and other payments ofmobile company, still you will be left with

Rs. 8118-crores profit!!! (Only from SMS)

Simple Question:
"KAUN BANEGA CROREPATI”

And your options are---

A) SONY TV
B) AIRTEL, IDEA, AND OTHER MOBILE COMPANY
C) AMITABH BACHAN
D) SIDDHARTH BASU
Computerji iska jawab bataiye....

Ans: All FOUR..!!!!
PS: Now you know why AB gets all emotional when the episodes end...........

So pls friends stop Spoiling & Wasting your money and stop SMSing to KBC or the OTHER TV CONTESTs

Pls Care for Your Money in this inflation & price high,

Forward this email to your friends and let them know also the fact of KBC.

Top 10 Secret Agent Security Tips and Tricks

2011-09-03T10:53:00.000+05:30

If you're a regular Lifehacker reader you know we think security is pretty important, but you might not be aware of how cool it can be. If you're looking to upgrade to secret agent mode, here are ten great ways to do it.

10. Shop Online with Virtual Credit Card Numbers

Disposable everything is a secret agent's best friend, and the same goes for disposable credit card numbers. It's hard to track someone using a different number every time, and it's even harder to steal their identity. If you're concerned about the safety of an online retailer but are willing to take the risk, virtual credit card numbers (or single-use numbers, as they're sometimes called) can help you isolate transactions and easily prevent fraudulent activity. Not every bank/card provider offers this service, but call and see if yours does. It can be really helpful when you need it.

9. Encrypt Your Data

A great spy probably has no personal data to encrypt, because his or her personal data has been sacrificed in the name of pure secrecy. But since you're just a regular person and don't have to leave your identity at the door, you probably just need a good encryption tool. Not all data needs to be encrypted, when you have something sensitive you don't want others to see or anyone to steal, it's not a bad idea to keep things safe and secure. A little encryption can go a long way.

8. Modify Your Inkjet Printer to Print Invisible Messages

If you simply modify your yellow ink cartridge to use concentrated lemon juice, you can create an invisible message that will only be revealed when exposed to extreme heat (e.g. by pressing it with an iron). To start making your own invisible ink print-outs, follow these details or just watch the video to the left.

7. Lock Down All Your Digital Devices

The devices you use, from your computer to your smartphone, essentially provides a trail of where you've been. If you don't want anyone getting access to that information too easily, and you're not encrypting your entire disk, you should at least lock everything down. If you're not sure how, we've got security guides for your smartphones,computers (even just like the NSA), and your online presence. It may seem like a lot of work at first, but once you get things nicely secured, it won't be too much trouble. Besides, adding security is one of those things that only seems like a nuisance until it saves you from the inevitable trouble you're bound to find in your life as a secret agent.

6. Browse the Web Anonymously and/or Securely

The internet can be a dangerous place to be tracked, and that's no good for a spy. You can start by browsing anonymously with Tor, but if you're communicating with your home base you'll want to encrypt your activity with a VPN service like Hamachi. Both of these measures can help keep your private data private so you don't have to worry about anyone figuring out where you are, what you're doing, or listening in (both figuratively and literally) on your private communications.

5. Hide Files in Other Files

Steganography, or the art of hiding something in plain sight, is a very useful spy tactic you can use in your own life. It's basically security through obscurity, and you can achieve that on your computer by hiding files in other files (like any file in a JPEG image, for example). While it's possible someone could stumble upon it accidentally if they knew what to do, it's a good way to hide your secrets without looking like you are. For more ways to hide things in plain sight, be sure to check out the secret hiding places manual.

4. Turn Your Devices Into Alarm Systems

Pretty much every computer and mobile device you own is capable of being its own alarm system. It may not always offer mind-blowing security, but it does provide you with measures of catching any foes you may encounter in your spy trade. For only $1, you can turn your Mac into a sound-sensitive alarm oryour iPhone into a security camera. Both your Windows PCand your Mac can become security cameras for free as well. Windows even has amotion-sensing option. If you want to catch someone in the act of...anything, all it really takes is a webcam and some software.

3. Hide Secret Messages and Codes in an Audio File

There are plenty of places to hide your secret messages, but none quite as bizarrely awesome as in an audio file. With a few handy pieces of software, it takes hardly no effort to encode an image of text into an uncompressed WAV. Want to give it a try? Check out this tutorial or just watch the video to the left.

2. Turn a Flash Drive into a Portable Privacy Toolkit

When you're off on a secret mission, you'll probably need to search for a few things here and there but you can't have that information tracked. When you're on the go, have a privacy kit on a flash drive. This will keep all your web browser, email, passwords, and general internet activity completely private. You'll travel from coffee shop to internet cafe without a trace.

1. If All Else Fails, Disappear

If all your security efforts go to waste and your identity has been compromised, you can always disappear as a last-ditch effort. To do this, you may have to steal the identity of a dead person, but you have to do what you have to do to survive, right? While we don't recommending dropping off the grid and robbing the poor deceased of their social security numbers, knowing how easy it is can be a good way to protect yourself from becoming a victim of identity theft. It's one of those problems that pretty much never goes away, so everything you can do to avoid it is a step worth taking.

Title image remixed from originals by by Olly and Olga Ekaterincheva (Sh

Star Wars Game in Open Office Calc

2011-09-02T22:05:00.000+05:30

1. Open the Open office Spread Sheet (calc) and Enter this in any one of the cell:
=GAME("StarWars")

2. a new window will open with a little game star war game.

3. But if you type again this formula, the cell will return the display "oh no, not again!"

4. to be able to play again, you need to close the file, close openoffice.org and the QuickStarter, and then make the same

Useful Links for Linux, Security & Open Source

2011-09-02T16:14:00.000+05:30

7 Common Myths about Computer and Software Busted and Explained

2011-09-02T08:02:00.000+05:30

1. Most Popular Software are always Best!

Some Software become so popular in their field and are adored by public and critics that you cannot ignore them. Take example of Photoshop for Photo editing and Word Processor – Microsoft Word. Actually, most of these have that potential to gain the privilege to be called as Best but still it varies depending on your need.

Suppose, you need to upload photos to Web Gallery; Do you really need Photoshop for editing in this case? Photoshop has number of tools and features which you may think are unnecessary for your job and complicating your work. Along with some skills, it also requires powerful computer to start and process photos.

Also, these are many a times not free and you have to pay for the license of software. So, it is better to go for simple photo editors or use online photo editor. If professional kind of output is expected GIMPcan also do wonders.

Hence, it completely depends on kind of work to be done and output expected before choosing a software.

2. You need to Pay for Good Software

The number of free programs able to achieve performance as good or even better than the Paid ones is much more than you think.

The same applies for Games; you cannot ignore the fact that there are number of free games which can keep you engaged for hours. Also, office suites and free Multimedia conversion software or to manage projects.

So, there is always a Free alternatives to Paid Software but the problem is with the user expectation who expects identical program. Logically, some commands change and there are certain limits. Even the Popular Autocad has an free alternative.

The exception is for very specific programs and extremely technical, such as processors and graphic modeling, advanced animation software, plugins and audio editors, as well as interfaces developed for niche markets.

Another common situation: many people spend enough time looking for some free program that meets the needs of your company or particular business. Because, not to find, often just hiring someone to develop the platform, not realizing that paying for a program that has already been tested might have been cheaper.

3. Software version should be always Updated

Messages notifying the user to make updates to the operating system, a program, the browser and components are part of our day. And so arises the eternal question: Do we need or not need to be upgraded to the latest version?

In most cases, NO. Updates doesn’t always mean improvement because short term notifications are mostly about minor changes which doesn’t affect everyone. For example, some manufacturers correct minor errors at times affect few users, and decide to upgrade the product from version 4.0.1.1 to 4.0.1.2.

However, significant changes are not always added. Why lose weekly (or even daily) updates? The solution for those who do not like this unpleasant situation, you may disable warnings about recent updates.

When we talk about anti-virus, it is strictly necessary to maintain the latest updates. For newly created threats are launched daily in the network, database protection program needs to be updated, so often, updates are done automatically.

4. More the number of Programs installed, worse the performance

Dozens of factors affect the speed of a computer, ie, there is no set formula that determines the performance accurately. However, the set of hardware and operating system periodic maintenance are the main ingredients to achieve a fast and powerful computer.

Each installed program instructions modifies the system registry and some include tickets to start automatically with Windows (or even with any application or internet connection). Disregarding this, programs and games also take up space on HD.

These conditions can compromise the performance of tasks. However, only in extreme situations. When the HD is full of content (over 80% occupied), the space for virtual memory will be smaller, affecting the processing speed of RAM.

In such case, you can find out programs consuming more RAM and CPU and use Windows Cleaners.

5. Format is the ultimate solution for Slow Computers

Some computer technicians consider the format as a standard procedure, believing that the process is capable of solving all problems. In general, delete everything and start from scratch is effective, but not the only way.

There are other ways to improve performance without having to go to the “drastic measure.” As occurs in relation to number of installed programs, be aware of the program that starts with Windows, clean registry and keep some space on your hard drive helps performance.

Sometimes, even Disk Defragmenting to arrange the files in sorted format for faster accessing is recommended and for that it is recommended to use All in one Disk Management Software.

6. Computer cannot be connected for a long time

Just as we do with other electronics, usually disconnect the computer when not in use. Thinking clearly, as it saves the hardware and economize light. What to do when we are making very large downloads and the connection works?

Is there a problem if we leave the computer logged in to download files? No, hardly your computer will melt if it is connected to three or four days.

Still, it is true that life of parts decreases when computer components are working for longer time.Nothing is proven in relation to the continuous uptime and faster computer wearing. Amid all this, a valid indication is to disconnect from the monitor.

A tip: the longer the computer is connected and processing operations, more information is stored in RAM (even if you close all programs, there are gaps). Reboot the system now and then deletes the temporary records and prevents slow RAM.

7. Screensaver protects Computer Screen

The name “saver” confuses many people who think that screensavers are prolonging the lifespan of the monitor and ensure smooth operation. At first, the CRT tube models, screen savers actually avoided the screens lose brightness.

However, with current technologies (LCD, LED and so on.), The only functions of a screensaver are to decorate the screen and there is no economy of light or “protection.”

As mentioned above, the best way to preserve your screen is turning off the laptop Screen / monitor, another way out is to program the system to hibernate (standby) automatically after some time unused.

Remember we are not encourage anyone to stop updating, to never format (or shut down) the machine, forget the screensaver and replace other reputable programs for children.

Compact Disc

2011-08-16T15:59:00.002+05:30

A Compact Disc (CD) is an optical disc used to store digital data. CD-ROMs and CD-Rs remain widely used technologies in the computer industry.CD-ROM drives employ a near-infrared 780 nm laser diode. The laser beam is directed onto the disc via an opto-electronic tracking module, which then detects whether the beam has been reflected or scattered.

A CD is made from 1.2 mm thick, almost-pure polycarbonate plastic and weighs 15–20 grams. From the center outward components are at the center (spindle) hole, the first-transition area (clamping ring), the clamping area (stacking ring), the second-transition area (mirror band), the information (data) area, and the rim. Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 mm and can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio (700 MB of data). The Mini CD has various diameters ranging from 60 to 80 mm; they are sometimes used for CD singles or device drivers, storing up to 24 minutes of audio.

What makes a CD?

A CD is made up of a polycarbonate plastic known as Polymethyle Meta acrylic.
The surface of the CD is coated with a thin layer of aluminium to make it reflective, and is protected by a film of lacquer that is normally spin coated directly on top of the reflective layer, upon which the label print is applied.

Data Storage

CD data are stored as a series of tiny indentations known as “pits”, encoded in a spiral track molded into the top of the polycarbonate layer. The areas between pits are known as “lands”. Each pit is approximately 100 nm deep by 500 nm wide, and varies from 850 nm to 3.5 µm in length. CD-ROM capacities are normally expressed with binary prefixes, subtracting the space used for error correction data. A standard 120 mm, 700 MB CD-ROM can actually hold about 737 M. In comparison, a single-layer DVD-ROM can hold 4.7 GB of error-protected data.

CD parameters

• Scanning velocity: 1.2–1.4 m/s (constant linear velocity) – equivalent to approximately 500 rpm at the inside of the disc, and approximately 200 rpm at the outside edge. (A disc played from beginning to end slows down during playback.)
• Track pitch: 1.6 µm
• Disc diameter 120 mm
• Disc thickness: 1.2 mm
• Inner radius program area: 25 mm
• Outer radius program area: 58 mm
• Center spindle hole diameter: 15 mm

How CD Retrieve data?

CD players use laser technology to read the optically recorded data in the form of Bits and Pits on a CD. About 20000 or more tracks are found in a CD’s recording surface. The distance between the tracks, the pitch, is 1.6 µm. A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in intensity in the light reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. The digital information is defined as the length of pits and distance between them. The pits and reflective surface represents logic 0 and logic 1. The pits and lands themselves do not directly represent the zeros and ones of binary data. Instead, Non-return-to-zero, inverted (NRZI) encoding is used: a change from pit to land or land to pit indicates a one, while no change indicates a series of zeros. There must be at least two and no more than ten zeros between each one, which is defined by the length of the pit.

Optical Lens System

The laser diode- lens assembly forms the optical system of the CD player. The laser diode- lens assembly is generally known as ‘Eye of CD player”. The lens system focuses the laser beam reflected onto the CD and reflected back light is collected by the objective lens and transmitted to the detector system. When a Laser beam is focused on to the CD, because of a difference between the depth of pits and wavelength of the laser beam, a phase difference develops between the light reflected from pits and the reflecting surface. The reflected light is then modulated by the receiver system. Before passing to the detector, the reflected laser beam is polarized and aligned to 90 degrees. The detector is a photo sensor that produces corresponding electrical signals which are then amplified and separated into corresponding video and audio signals.

Recordable CD
Recordable compact discs, CD-Rs, are injection molded with a “blank” data spiral. A photosensitive dye is then applied, after which the discs are metalized and lacquer-coated. The write laser of the CD recorder changes the color of the dye to allow the read laser of a standard CD player to see the data, just as it would with a standard stamped disc. The resulting discs can be read by most CD-ROM drives and played in most audio CD players.

CD damage
CDs are susceptible to damage from both daily use and environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, so that defects and dirt on the clear side can be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs suffer more scratch damage on the label side whereas scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic, or by careful polishing.
CD-R recordings are designed to be permanent. Over time the dye’s physical characteristics may change, however, causing read errors and data loss until the reading device cannot recover with error correction methods. The design life is from 20 to 100 years, depending on the quality of the discs, the quality of the writing drive, and storage conditions.

Love Story of Graham Bell . . .

2011-08-16T15:31:00.000+05:30

Got it in mail so..
When you call someone and they answer the call... why do we say "HELLO..."...????

Do you know what is the real origin of using the word 'Hello' as the conversation starter in a phone call..???
It is the name of a GIRL..!!!

YES...!!!!!!!!!!!
And do you know who is that girl..??

Margaret Hello.....
She was the girlfriend of Graham Bell... the man who invented the telephone....
His first 2 instruments were at his and her place... and the first call he made to commercially test the phones was to his girlfriend..!!!!

One may forget the name of Graham Bell... but we will never be able to forget his girlfriend's name....!!!!

Now that my friend... is trueÂ LOVE..!!!!!

Google Merge Facility

2011-08-14T13:55:00.000+05:30

This new version of Gmail Mail Merge program offers support for rich-text (HTML) email templates, you may add file attachments with the outgoing messages, there’s an option to BCC emails to yourself and better overall usability. Let’s get started:

Step 1: Open this Google spreadsheet and create a copy of the same in your Google Docs account (File –> Make a Copy).

Step 2: Under the new “Mail Merge” menu, click on “Reset” to clear the canvas and alsoauthorize Google Docs to access your Gmail and Google Contacts.

Step 3: Open Google Contacts and create a new Group with all the contacts who you would like to send a personalized email. Alternatively, you may simply add the recipient’s name and email addresses manually in the Google Sheet.

Step 4: Click Mail Merge –> Import Google Contacts and type the name of the Google Contacts group that you created in Step 3. Google Docs will now automatically import all the relevant Gmail contacts into the spreadsheet.

Step 5: Fill the various fields of the email template (highlighted in white).

5a. You can compose an email template in rich text using the HTML Mail tool and then copy-paste the generated HTML code into the message body field of the Google Sheet.

5b. If you would like to add an attachment to your email messages – say a PDF file or an Office document – just upload that file to Google Docs and copy-paste the ID of the file into the Attachment ID field. You can find the ID of a Google Docs file in its URL.

Step 6: Go to the Mail Merge menu again and click “Start Mail Merge” – the status against the names of your Gmail contacts will change to “OK” for all email messages that were successfully delivered through Google Docs.

That’s it! You’ve just completed your first mail merge through Gmail and Google Docs.

Please note that Gmail has a daily sending limit and any messages that are dispatched using the Gmail Mail Merge program also count in that limit. You can send a maximum of 500 messages in a day and if you exceed that number, Google can temporarily lock your Gmail account.

રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ ફરકાવવાના નિયમો

2011-08-13T14:12:00.001+05:30

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ નું માપ ૩;૨ ના પ્રમાણ માં હોવુ જોઇએ.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ ની લંબાઇ કરતા ૧૦ ગણો મોટો ઘ્વજ-સ્તંભ હોવો જોઇએ.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ સુર્યોદય પછી ફરકાવવો તથા સુર્યાસ્ત પહેલા ઉતારી લેવો જોઇએ.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ ફરકાવવા માં ઉતાવળ કરવી જોઇએ જ્યારે ઉતારતી વખતે ઘીમે ઘીમે

શિષ્ટાચાર પુર્વક ઉતારવો જોઇએ.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજને સલામી હંમેશા ટોપી, યા હેટ પહેરેલ હોય તો જ આપી શકાય નહિતર

સાવધાન સ્થિતિ માં રહેવું.

રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ અંગે ઘ્યાનમાં રાખવા જેવી બાબતો :-

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ સ્વચ્છ હોવો જોઇએ.

– અન્ય કોઇ ઘ્વજ રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વ ની જમણી બાજુ એ તેનાથી ઉંચાઇ એ ફરકાવી શકાય નહિં

– રેલી કે પરેડ વખતે રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વ કુચ કરનારની જમણી બાજુ એ રહે તેમ રાખવો.

– મિલિટરી ગ્રુપમાં રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વ હંમેશા વચ્ચે રહે છે અને તેનાથી બે ડગલા આગળ રહી પરેડ

થાય છે.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજને બીજા, કોઇ ઘ્વજ સાથે એકજ સ્તંભ પર ફરકાવી શકાય નહિ.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ ઉપર કોઇ પણ પ્રકારનું લખાણ લખી શકાય નહિં.

– ઘ્વજ નો ઉપયોગ અઘ્યક્ષની પાટલી કે અધ્યક્ષના, મંચ ને ઢાકવાં માટે થઇ શકે નહી.

– ઘ્વજ નો કઇ પણ મેળવવા, આપવા, ઘરાવવા અથવા લઇ જવા માટે કાંઇ પાત્ર તરીકે

ઉપયોગ થઇ શકે નહી.

– ખાનગી અત્યેષ્ટિ સમય ઘ્વજ નો ઉપયોગ શબને ઢાકવા માટે થઇ શકે નહી.

– રાજ્ય રાષ્ટ્ર, લશ્કર અને કેન્દ્ર સરકારની અર્ધ લશ્કરી દળો તરફ થી થતી અત્યેષ્ટિ

માં ઘ્વજ શબ પર ઢાંકવા માં આવે ત્યારે કેસરી રંગ માથા તરફ રાખવામાં આવશે.

–અગ્નિ સંસ્કાર કબર માં દફન કરતા પહેલા શબ ઉપરથી ઘ્વજ સન્માન થી ખસેડી લેવામાં

આવશે. ઘ્વજ ને ઇરાદાપુર્વક જમીન, અથવા ભોંયતળીયે અડકવા દઇ શકાય નહી.

– અગત્ય ના રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રસંગો, સાંસ્ક્રુતીક અને ખેલકુદ નાં પ્રસંગો એ જાહેર જનતા

કાગળ/પ્લાસ્ટીક ના બનેલ ઘ્વજ ફરકાવી શકશે પરંતુ પ્રસંગ પુરો થતાં આવા ઘ્વજ જમીન

ઉપર ફેકી દેવાને બદલે ઘ્વજ નાં સન્માન ને ઘ્યાન લઇ ખાનગી રાહે નિકાલ કરવો જોઇએ.

– દરેક ભારતીય નાગરીકે રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજ નું સન્માન કરવું એ તેની ફરજ અને કર્તવ્ય છે.

ત્રિરંગા ની આન, બાન અને શાન જાળવવા ની તમામ ની ફરજ છે.

– રાષ્ટ્રઘ્વજનું ઇરાદાપુર્વક સન્માન નહી કરનાર ને દંડ અને ત્રણ વર્ષ સુધી ની કેદ ની

જોગવાઇ છે.

–સરકારે બહાર પાડેલ સુચના અનુસાર ઘ્વજ મકાનો, અન્ય સ્થળે અર્ધી કાઠી એ ફરકાવી

લહેરાતો હોય તે સિવાય ઘ્વજ અર્ધી કાઠી એ લહેરાવી શકાય

નહી.

Creating Custom Ubuntu Live-CD With Remastersys

2011-08-11T19:55:00.000+05:30

Remastersys is a tool that can be used to do 2 things with an existing Klikit or Ubuntu or derivative installation.It can make a full system backup including personal data to a live cd or dvd that you can use anywhere and install. It can make a distributable copy you can share with friends. This will not have any of your personal user data in it.

Install Remastersys in Ubuntu

The Remastersys repository needs to be added to your /etc/apt/sources.list

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Paste the following into the sources.list:

# Remastersys
deb http://www.remastersys.klikit-linux.com/repository remastersys/

Save and exit the file.

Update the source list using the following command

sudo apt-get update

Install remastersys using the following command

sudo apt-get install remastersys

This will complete the installation

Using Remastersys

In order to learn how you can use remastersys, run

sudo remastersys

remastersys Syntax

sudo remastersys backup|clean|dist [cdfs|iso] [filename.iso]

remastersys Examples

1) to make a livecd/dvd backup of your system

sudo remastersys backup

2) to make a livecd/dvd backup and call the iso custom.iso

sudo remastersys backup custom.iso

3) to clean up temporary files of remastersys

sudo remastersys clean

4) to make a distributable livecd/dvd of your system

sudo remastersys dist

5) to make a distributable livecd/dvd filesystem only

sudo remastersys dist cdfs

6) to make a distributable iso named custom.iso but only if the cdfs is already present

sudo remastersys dist iso custom.iso

cdfs and iso options should only be used if you wish to modify something on the cd before the iso is created. An example of this would be to modify the isolinux portion of the livecd/dvd

Creating An ISO Image

To create an iso image of your installation, simply run

sudo remastersys dist

This will create an iso image called customdist.iso in the /home/remastersys directory. The dist option makes that your personal folder (e.g. /home/ruchi) will not be included in the iso image. You might have to insert your Ubuntu installation CD during the process.

This is how the end of the process looks:

[...]
92.16% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
93.39% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
94.62% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:24 2007
95.85% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:24 2007
97.08% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
98.31% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
99.54% done, estimate finish Wed DEC 28 15:31:25 2007
Total translation table size: 2048
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 3950
Total directory bytes: 9094
Path table size(bytes): 54
Max brk space used 0
406890 extents written (794 MB)

/home/remastersys/customdist.iso is ready to be burned or tested in a virtual machine.

Check the size and if it is larger than 700MB you will need to burn it to a dvd

796M /home/remastersys/customdist.iso

Clean Up

After you’ve burnt the iso image onto a CD/DVD, you can run

sudo remastersys clean

to remove all temporary file created during the iso generation as well as the /home/remastersys directory.

10 Short Cuts for Excel

2011-08-11T19:30:00.002+05:30

1. CTRL+1 – Format

Oh CTRL+1, if I get an ear, every-time I press you, I would be a millionear by now.
I use this all the time, to format cells, charts, text boxes – you name it.

2. CTRL+SHIFT+L – Turn on/ off filters

Most of the time, I use filters to do ad-hoc analysis of my data. So, Once I set a couple of filters, If I want to revert back to full data, I find clearing each filter a pain. So I just turn-off and turn-on the filters, by pressing CTRL+SHIFT+L twice.

3. CTRL+Arrow keys – Navigate around the workbook

When it comes to dealing with data, navigate, you must. So I rely on CTRL+arrow key combinations all the time. Also, I use CTRL+SHIFT+arrow keys to select a group of cells

4. ALT+ES – Paste Special > Values

Copying and Pasting is another must if you deal with data. Often, I have to get data from other workbooks or clean the formatting of existing tables. So I use ALT+ES (press E then leave the key and press S) to paste special. Works like a charm! [more: 16 more paste special tricks]

5. F4 – Change cell reference style while editing formulas

Excel runs a pretty tight mafia when it comes to cell references. You must pay it a couple of $s if you want to change the reference style from relative (A2) to absolute ($A$2). But whos got the time to carefully navigate between A and 2 and then type SHIFT+4? So I use F4 key and Excel changes the referencing style for me. [More: Relative vs. Absolute Cell References in Excel]

6. F2 – Edit a cell

As simple as that.

7. F3 – Show Names

For simple workbooks I do not use names. But if I am making a dashboard or Excel model, I define several names and use them all the time. This is where F3 comes in handy. Just press F3, no matter where you are (formula editing, conditional formatting, data validation etc.) and you get a list of all the defined names. Pick one and press ok to add it to the formula etc. you are typing.

8. CTRL+K – Add Hyperlink

Hyperlinks make your work book accessible & pretty. So I use them all the time, especially, if I have more than a couple of sheets. Select a cell or shape and press CTRL+K to launch hyperlink box. Type the destination URL or location and you are done.

9. CTRL+T – Insert Table

Ever since I learned how to use Tables feature, I have never looked back. Nowadays, anytime I need to use a bunch of data, I convert that to a table and then use. Tables are flexible, they can grow & shrink, they allow you to write readable formulas (structural references) and they are lovely. Just select any cell in a range of related data, and press CTRL+T to make it table.

10. CTRL+S – Save

There is no point making something elaborate in Excel if you forgot to save. So I press CTRL+S every now and then. You never know when aliens strike!