What is the SVMCM photograph size?

The photograph should be in JPG or JPEG format and between 20 KB and 50 KB.

Can final year B.E/B.Tech students apply for ISRO 2026?

Yes, final year students appearing for their final exams in 2026 are eligible to apply, provided they submit their final marksheet/proof of passing by the stipulated date mentioned in the official notification.

What is the selection process for ISRO Scientist 'SC' 2026?

The selection process consists of two stages: Stage 1 – Shortlisting based on GATE 2025/2026 scores, and Stage 2 – Personal Interview. Final merit is based on GATE score (75% weightage) and Interview (25% weightage).

What is the application fee for ISRO Recruitment 2026?

General and OBC candidates have to pay ₹750, while SC/ST/PwBD/Women candidates need to pay only ₹250 as the application fee.

What is the salary for ISRO Scientist 'SC' post?

The selected candidates will get a Pay Scale of Level 10 with a Basic Pay of ₹56,100 per month, along with Dearness Allowance (DA) and other allowances as per ISRO rules.

Is GATE 2025 score valid for ISRO 2026 recruitment?

Yes, both GATE 2025 and GATE 2026 valid scores are acceptable for this ISRO recruitment cycle.

When will GATE 2027 be conducted?

GATE 2027 is scheduled to be conducted on 6, 7, 13, 14, 20 and 21 February 2027.

Job365

WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER

2026-09-13T14:22:51.096+05:30

WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER PDF

Hi all aspirants of WBCS examination. Today we will share WBCS 2024 prelims question paper that was held on 24th June 2026.

WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER PDF

WBCS 2024 prilims question paper is very Very important for upcoming WBCS 2025 exams because WBPSC is changing its exam pattern so it is very important and necessary to analyse and understand the type of questions that is being asked in the paper. I think it will be very essential for upcoming WBCS exams and others exam of WBPSC..

Below is the link of WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER PDF DOWNLOAD

Click here to download

MECL Recruitment 2026: Apply Online for 122 Vacancies

2026-09-04T08:14:09.222+05:30

MECL Recruitment 2026: 122 No Vacancies Announced

Advt No. 03/Rectt./2026 | Miniratna PSU |

Apply Online from 12th September

Mineral Exploration & Consultancy Limited (MECL) has officially announced the Non-Executive Recruitment 2026 for 122 vacancies. MECL is a Miniratna-I Category PSU which is under the Ministry of Mines, Government of India. This is a great opportunity for candidates who have completed 10th, ITI, Diploma, B.Com, B.Sc and Graduation. It's a very big opportunity for ITI Candidates because they will get a handsome salary and will get a job in recognised PSU.

Notification is out on 3rd September 2026, the online registration will begin from 12th September 2026 and the last date to submit the application is 11th October 2026. The written examination will be held only in Nagpur. Candidates please note that very very carefully.

MECL Recruitment 2026: 122 Vacancies

MECL Recruitment 2026

Organization	Mineral Exploration & Consultancy Limited
Total Posts	122 Posts (16 Different Posts)
Post Name	Accountant, Technician, Assistant, Electrician etc.
Qualification	10th / ITI / Diploma / Graduate
Age Limit	18 to 30 Years as on 01.09.2026
Salary	Rs. 19600 to Rs. 55900 (W-3 to W-7)
Last Date	11 October 2026
Official Website	mecl.co.in

MECL Vacancy 2026 - Post Details

The 122 vacancies are distributed among 16 posts. The highest vacancies are for Mechanic-cum-Operator (Drilling) - 30 Posts.

1. Accountant - 06
Pay: Rs.22900-55900 | Graduate + CA/ICWA Inter + 3 Yr Exp

2. Technician (Survey) - 12
ITI/Diploma in Survey

3. Technician (Sampling) - 07
B.Sc Degree

4. Technician (Lab) - 02
B.Sc Chemistry/Physics

5. Assistant (Materials) - 16
Graduate with Maths / B.Com

6. Assistant (Accounts) - 10
B.Com

7. Stenographer (English) - 04
Graduate + 80 wpm Shorthand

8. Assistant (Hindi) - 01
Graduate with Hindi & English

9. Electrician - 07
ITI/Diploma Electrical + Wireman License

10. Machinist - 02
ITI Turner/Machinist + 1 Yr Exp

11. Technician (Drilling) - 12
ITI Fitter/Diesel + HMV License

12. Mechanic - 01
ITI Diesel/Motor + HMV License

13. Mechanic-cum-Operator (Drilling) - 30
Largest Vacancy | ITI/Diploma + 1 Yr Exp

14. Junior Driver - 06
10th Pass + LMV & HMV License

15. Assistant (IT) - 03
BCA/BCS/B.Sc IT

16. Assistant (HR) - 03
BA/B.Com/B.Sc/BBA

Eligibility Criteria

Education: Candidates should have done 10th, ITI, Diploma or Graduation in relevant field from a recognized university. Experience is needed in some posts and in posts experience is not needed. Check official notification for post wise details.

Age Limit: Minimum 18 years and Maximum 30 years as on 01.09.2026. Relaxation in upper age limit is 5 years for SC/ST, 3 years for OBC and 10 years for PwD candidates.

Selection Process & Salary

Selection will be on Written Test, Document Verification and Skill/Trade Test. The skill test will be qualifying only. Final merit list will be prepared on the basis of written test marks. Selected candidates will get salary from W-3 (Rs.19600-47900) to W-7 (Rs.22900-55900) plus other allowances as per PSU norms.

How to Apply for MECL Recruitment 2026?

Go to official website mecl.co.in and open Career page.
Click on Recruitment of Non-Executives Advt No. 03/2026.
Complete registration with email and mobile number.
Fill all personal, educational and experience details carefully.
Upload photograph, signature and certificates.
Pay fee of Rs.500 (if applicable) and submit the form.
Take printout of application form for future reference.

Important Dates:
Start of Online Application: 12 September 2026
Last Date for Application: 11 October 2026
Exam City: Nagpur Only

IMPORTANT LINKS

Official Website Notification PDF Apply Online (from 12 Sep)

Source: mecl.co.in | For latest govt job updates visit Job365

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 – 100 Vacancies, Apply Online

2026-09-02T19:03:43.388+05:30

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 – 100 Vacancies, Apply Online

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026: The Government Institute of Medical Sciences (GIMS) has released a notification to recruit 100 Staff Nurse. So all the eligible nursing candidates are hereby notified about the opportunities. It is a great opportunity for them to be a staff nurse in a reputed Institute like GIMS

Application Start: 10 August 2026 | Last Date: 7 September 2026

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 Summery

Particular	Details
Recruitment	GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026
Post	Staff Nurse
Total Vacancies	100
Qualification	B.Sc Nursing / Post Basic B.Sc Nursing / GNM
Age Limit	21–40 Years
Selection Process	CBT + Document Verification + Medical
Application Mode	Online
Job Location	Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh

GIMS Staff Nurse Vacancy 2026

The total number of vacancies is 100. The category-wise vacancy distribution is:

UR: 40
OBC: 27
SC: 21
ST: 2
EWS: 10

GIMS Staff Nurse Eligibility 2026

Nursing Candidates with B.Sc Nursing or Post Basic B.Sc Nursing or GNM can apply, they required nursing registration.

GNM candidates must also have 2 years of experience in a minimum 50-bed hospital after getting the required qualification.

Age Limit

The age limit is 21 to 40 years as on 1 July 2026. Age relaxation will be according to the recruitment rules.

Application Fee

Category	Application Fee
UR / OBC / EWS	₹1,298
SC / ST	₹944
Eligible Divyang Candidates	No Fee

GIMS Staff Nurse Exam Pattern 2026

The Examination will be CBT mode or Computer Based Test in Hindi and English. The exam will be of 100 hundred marks and 1/4th negative marking will be there for each wrong answer.

Particular	Details
Exam Mode	Computer Based Test (CBT)
Total Questions	100 MCQs
Total Marks	100
Negative Marking	0.25 mark for each wrong answer
Language	Hindi & English

GIMS Staff Nurse Syllabus 2026

The following nursing subjects are included in the syllabus:

Fundamentals of Nursing
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Child Health Nursing
Mental Health Nursing
Community Health Nursing
Pharmacology
Pathology & Microbiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Nutrition
Nursing Research & Statistics

How to Apply for the Post?

Visit the official GIMS website
Open the Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 application link.
Register and complete the application form.
Upload documents.
Pay the fees.
Submit the application and save a copy.

Important Dates

Event	Date
Notification Date	9 August 2026
Application Start Date	10 August 2026
Last Date to Apply	7 September 2026
Exam Date	To Be Announced

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 – Important Links

🟢 Apply Online

📄 Download Notification

🌐 Official Website

FAQs

How many Staff Nurse vacancies are available in GIMS?

There are 100 Staff Nurse vacancies.

What is the last date for GIMS Staff Nurse Apply Online?

The last date to apply is 7 September 2026.

What is the GIMS Staff Nurse age limit?

The age limit is 21 to 40 years, subject to applicable relaxation.

Is there negative marking in the GIMS Staff Nurse exam?

Yes. 0.25 mark is deducted for each incorrect answer.

Important: Candidates should check the latest official GIMS notification before applying for final eligibility, vacancy, fee and examination details.

SVMCM Scholarship 2026: Eligibility, Amount, Apply Online, Last Date & Renewal

2026-09-01T20:39:41.196+05:30

🎓 SVMCM Scholarship 2026: Eligibility, Amount, Apply Online, Last Date & Renewal

Check SVMCM Scholarship eligibility, scholarship amount, income limit, documents required, online application process, K3, renewal rules and latest official updates.

📢 Latest Official Update: The official SVMCM application procedure page currently displays the 2025 application schedule. Fresh Application, Renewal Application and Fresh Kanyashree (K3) Application opened on 28 November 2025, while the closing-date field is currently shown as --. Do not rely on an unofficial 2026 last date until it is published by the official SVMCM portal.

Getting financial support for higher education can make a major difference for students and their families. The Swami Vivekananda Merit-cum-Means Scholarship (SVMCM) is one of the major scholarship schemes of the Government of West Bengal for eligible meritorious students.

The scheme supports students at different levels of education, including Higher Secondary, Undergraduate, Postgraduate, Engineering, Medical, Polytechnic and certain research programmes. However, eligibility and scholarship rates depend on the course and category.

In this complete guide, you will find the important SVMCM Scholarship 2026 eligibility rules, income limit, scholarship amount, documents, application procedure, renewal rules, Kanyashree K3 information and official links.

📑 Table of Contents

What is SVMCM Scholarship?
SVMCM Scholarship Highlights
SVMCM Scholarship Eligibility
Income Limit
Scholarship Amount
Documents Required
How to Apply Online
Kanyashree K3 Scholarship
SVMCM Renewal
Application Correction
Latest Application Dates
FAQs

🎓 What Is SVMCM Scholarship?

The Swami Vivekananda Merit Cum Means Scholarship Scheme was introduced by the Government of West Bengal to assist meritorious students belonging to economically backward families in pursuing higher studies at educational institutions in West Bengal.

According to the official guidelines, the scheme was thoroughly revamped in 2016 to cover more students and significantly enhance the scholarship amounts.

📌 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Highlights

🏛️

Government Scheme Government of West Bengal

💰

Up to ₹8,000 Maximum listed monthly rate for eligible Non-NET Ph.D.

📚

Multiple Courses HS, UG, PG, Engineering, Medical, Polytechnic & Research

🏦

DBT Payment Scholarship is transferred directly to the beneficiary account

🎓 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Quick Information

Scholarship Name	Swami Vivekananda Merit Cum Means Scholarship
Short Name	SVMCM
Government	Government of West Bengal
Application Mode	Online
General Income Ceiling	₹2,50,000 per annum
Payment Method	Direct Beneficiary Transfer (DBT)
Hard Copy	Not required
Fresh Applicant ID	15 characters

🎯 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Eligibility Criteria

The eligibility requirements are different for different levels of study. Applicants should check the category applicable to their course before submitting an application.

📘 Higher Secondary Level

For the HS-level scholarship, candidates generally need at least 60% aggregate marks in Madhyamik Pariksha. The official guidelines specify that candidates from outside the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education are not eligible for this particular HS-level scholarship.

🎓 Undergraduate Level

For UG-level scholarships, the minimum qualifying requirement is generally 60% aggregate marks in the Higher Secondary examination conducted by the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education or Madrasha Siksha Parishad.

Separate merit lists are prepared for UG Arts, UG Commerce and UG Science.

🧪 Postgraduate Level

For general PG-level scholarships, candidates should have at least 53% marks in the Honours subject at graduation level. For applicable DTE Engineering, Technology and Pharmacy PG courses, the requirement is 55%.

👩 Kanyashree K3 Eligibility

Girls pursuing regular postgraduate courses in Science, Arts or Commerce at universities in West Bengal can come under the Kanyashree K3 category after obtaining an undergraduate degree with at least 45% aggregate marks, subject to the official conditions.

🔬 M.Phil and Ph.D

Eligible students pursuing M.Phil and doctoral programmes at state-aided institutions can come under the SVMCM scheme according to the applicable research-level rules.

💰 SVMCM Scholarship Income Limit

The general family-income ceiling for SVMCM applicants is ₹2,50,000 per year.

Important: The official guidelines state that the ₹2.50 lakh income ceiling is not applicable to Board Toppers, Kanyashree (K3), and M.Phil/Ph.D applicants.

Applicants should provide genuine income information and valid documents. The official guidelines state that deliberate falsification of income documents can result in serious action, including recovery of scholarship amounts and loss of eligibility for future government scholarships.

💵 SVMCM Scholarship Amount 2026

The scholarship amount depends on the course and level of study. The following monthly rates are listed in the official SVMCM guidelines.

Course / Category	Scholarship Per Month
UG Arts	₹1,000
UG Commerce	₹1,000
UG Science	₹1,500
UG Other UGC-approved Professional Courses	₹1,500
PG Arts	₹2,000
PG Commerce	₹2,000
PG Science	₹2,500
PG Other UGC-approved Professional Courses	₹2,500
Engineering / Technology / Other AICTE-approved Professional Courses	₹5,000
Polytechnic Diploma	₹1,500
Medical Degree	₹5,000
Medical Diploma	₹1,500
Non-NET M.Phil	₹5,000
Non-NET Ph.D	₹8,000

Note: For training courses such as B.Ed, the official guidelines specify 53% for fresh applications and 50% for renewal applications.

📄 SVMCM Scholarship Documents Required

Applicants should prepare the required documents before starting the online application. The exact documents can vary depending on the application category.

Fresh & Kanyashree Applications

Madhyamik or equivalent marksheet – both sides
Latest Board/Council/University/College marksheet – both sides
Admission receipt
Family income certificate, where applicable
Domicile proof
Bank passbook first page showing account number and IFSC
Head of Institution declaration for eligible year-gap cases

Renewal Application Documents

Latest marksheet of the present course
Both semester marksheets where semester system applies
Admission receipt for promotion to the next higher class

📱 SVMCM Photo, Signature & PDF Size

File	Format	Required Size
Photograph	JPG/JPEG	20 KB – 50 KB
Signature	JPG/JPEG	10 KB – 20 KB
Supporting Documents	PDF	Maximum 400 KB

⚠️ Avoid upload errors: Resize and compress your photograph, signature and PDF documents according to the official size limits before uploading them.

📝 How to Apply for SVMCM Scholarship Online

Online Registration

Fresh applicants first need to complete the online registration form. After successful registration, a 15-character Applicant ID is generated.

Download the registration slip or save the Applicant ID carefully. The Applicant ID is also used for future correspondence.

Login & Complete Application

Upload Documents

Upload the required documents in the prescribed format and file size. Supporting documents should be uploaded in PDF format and should not exceed 400 KB.

Check & Submit

After uploading all documents, check the application in view mode. If everything is correct, click Submit Application to complete the process.

Save Your Details

Keep your Applicant ID and password safe for future login, correspondence and application-related activities.

🔗 Visit Official SVMCM Portal

👩‍🎓 SVMCM Kanyashree K3 Scholarship

Eligible Kanyashree applicants need to complete the Kanyashree K2 authentication process before proceeding to registration.

The official portal asks for information such as the Kanyashree K2 application year, Kanyashree ID, applicant name, date of birth, father's name and mother's name.

Good to know: Kanyashree K3 applicants do not need to submit an Income Certificate and Income Affidavit according to the official SVMCM guidelines.

Girls pursuing regular postgraduate courses in Science, Arts or Commerce without a Kanyashree K2 ID are instructed by the official portal to apply under the Directorate of Public Instruction category. The portal states that the criteria and benefits are the same as K3.

🔄 SVMCM Scholarship Renewal 2026

Existing SVMCM beneficiaries do not need to complete fresh registration for renewal. They can login using their previous Applicant ID and password.

The official guidelines state that renewal applications should be submitted online within one month of admission to the next higher class after promotion by passing the examination in the first attempt.

Renewal Marks Requirement

60% from Higher Secondary level to Undergraduate level
50% at Postgraduate level
For semester courses, the applicable semester examinations must be cleared in the first attempt.

General Degree / PG Renewal

1st Renewal – Semester 1 and Semester 2 marksheets
2nd Renewal – Semester 3 and Semester 4 marksheets

MBBS Renewal

1st Renewal – 1st MBBS marksheet
2nd Renewal – 2nd Professional MBBS marksheet
3rd & Final Renewal – 3rd Professional Part 1 MBBS marksheet

✏️ Can SVMCM Application Be Edited After Submission?

Applicants should carefully verify all details before submitting the application because there is generally no option to edit application details after final submission.

If a modification is required, the applicant may approach the concerned Head of Institution (HOI). The HOI can unlock the application so that the applicant can make the required changes.

For renewal applications, bank details may be changed from the respective Directorate end in valid circumstances, subject to the prescribed process and HOI approval.

🏦 SVMCM Scholarship Payment

SVMCM scholarship payments are made through Direct Beneficiary Transfer (DBT). Therefore, correct bank details are essential.

Bank Account Number
Bank Name
IFSC Code

Important: The official guidelines state that hard-copy submission of the application is not required.

⚠️ Can I Receive Another Government Scholarship?

The official SVMCM guidelines state that candidates who receive this scholarship are not allowed to enjoy another government central/state scholarship or stipend for the same course or stage of study.

However, certain one-time grants or assistance, as well as free or partly-free studentship provided by the host institution, do not automatically prevent a student from receiving SVMCM benefits according to the official guidelines.

📅 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Last Date & Important Dates

Students searching for the SVMCM Scholarship 2026 last date should be careful about unofficial dates circulating online.

Official schedule currently displayed:

Fresh Application 2025: 28 November 2025
Renewal Application 2025: 28 November 2025
Fresh Kanyashree (K3) Application 2025: 28 November 2025
Closing Date: --

The official application procedure page currently displays the above 2025 schedule. A separate 2026-27 closing date should be added to this article only after the official SVMCM portal publishes it.

❓ SVMCM Scholarship 2026 FAQs

What is the SVMCM Scholarship?

SVMCM stands for Swami Vivekananda Merit Cum Means Scholarship. It is a Government of West Bengal scholarship scheme for eligible meritorious students from economically backward families.

What is the SVMCM Scholarship income limit?

The general family-income ceiling is ₹2,50,000 per annum. The official guidelines specify exemptions for Board Toppers, Kanyashree K3 and M.Phil/Ph.D applicants.

What is the minimum percentage for SVMCM?

The requirement depends on the course. Many HS and UG categories require 60%, general PG requires 53%, applicable DTE PG courses require 55%, and K3 has a 45% qualifying-mark requirement.

What is the maximum SVMCM Scholarship amount?

The official rate table lists ₹8,000 per month for eligible Non-NET Ph.D applicants.

How many characters is the SVMCM Applicant ID?

The official application procedure states that a fresh applicant receives a 15-character Applicant ID after successful registration.

Is hard-copy submission required for SVMCM?

No. The official SVMCM guidelines state that there is no need to submit a hard copy of the application.

What is the SVMCM photo size?

The photograph should be JPG/JPEG and between 20 KB and 50 KB.

What is the SVMCM signature size?

The signature should be JPG/JPEG and between 10 KB and 20 KB.

What is the maximum SVMCM PDF size?

Supporting documents should be in PDF format and should not exceed 400 KB

🌐 Official SVMCM Sources

For the latest rules, application dates and official announcements, always verify information through the Government of West Bengal's SVMCM portal.

🚀 Ready to Apply for SVMCM Scholarship?

Check your eligibility, keep your documents ready and verify the latest application schedule before submitting your application.

Apply / Check Official Portal

Last Verified: 12 August 2026
Information checked against the official SVMCM portal, official guidelines and online application procedure.

Disclaimer: This article is prepared for informational purposes. Scholarship eligibility, dates, rates and application procedures may be updated by the Government of West Bengal. Applicants should always verify the latest information on the official SVMCM portal before applying.

SVMCM Scholarship 2026 eligibility and scholarship amount
SVMCM Scholarship online application 2026
SVMCM Scholarship documents required
SVMCM Scholarship renewal application process
SVMCM Kanyashree K3 Scholarship 2026
Swami Vivekananda Merit Cum Means Scholarship West Bengal

WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question and Answer-- Geography

2026-09-01T19:32:08.430+05:30

WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question and Answer-- Geography

WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question and Answer-- Geography

Previous Year Question Paper Practice is very very important for Govt Job Preparation. So, Today we will discuss in detail about "WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question Paper Geography". That will be very very important for upcoming WBPSC Miscellaneous Examination. This will help you to understand which topics of Geography gets very much importance in question paper. So, let us now, discuss about the WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question Paper Geography.

সরকারি চাকরির প্রস্তুতির জন্য বিগত বছরের প্রশ্নপত্র অনুশীলন করা অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। তাই, আজ আমরা "WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question Paper Geography" সম্পর্কে বিস্তারিত আলোচনা করব। এটি আসন্ন WBPSC মিসলেনিয়াস পরীক্ষার জন্য খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ হবে। ভূগোলের কোন কোন বিষয়গুলি প্রশ্নপত্রে বেশি গুরুত্ব পায় তা বুঝতে এটি আপনাকে সাহায্য করবে। তো চলুন, এখন WBPSC মিসলেনিয়াস বিগত বছরের প্রশ্নপত্র (ভূগোল) নিয়ে বিস্তারিত আলোচনা শুরু করা যাক।

1. WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2023

Q6. What is the desert soil called?

Aridisols
Andisols
Histosols
Mollisols

Answer: A. Aridisols

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Origin: Aridisols form in arid or semi-arid climates (deserts) with very little rainfall, leading to accumulation of soluble salts.
Characteristics: They have extremely low organic matter, lack moisture, and are generally alkaline in nature (high pH). They often contain a subsurface horizon of clay, calcium carbonate, silica, or salts.
Distribution in India: Predominantly found in the Thar Desert region of Rajasthan, parts of Haryana, Punjab, and Gujarat (Rann of Kutch).
Agriculture Potential: Though naturally infertile due to lack of humus, with proper irrigation and fertilizers, crops like millets (Bajra), barley, maize, and drought-resistant pulses can be cultivated successfully (e.g., Indira Gandhi Canal command area).
Other Soils (Options): Andisols are volcanic ash soils; Histosols are highly organic soils (peat/muck) found in wetlands; Mollisols are fertile, dark grassland soils (like the Prairies).

প্রশ্ন ৬: মরুভূমির মৃত্তিকাকে কী বলা হয়?

এরিডিসল (Aridisols)
অ্যান্ডিসল (Andisols)
হিস্টোসোল (Histosols)
মলিসল (Mollisols)

উত্তর: A. এরিডিসল (Aridisols)

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

উৎস: এরিডিসল অত্যন্ত শুষ্ক বা আধা-শুষ্ক জলবায়ুতে (মরুভূমিতে) তৈরি হয়, যেখানে বৃষ্টিপাত প্রায় হয় না বললেই চলে। এর ফলে মাটিতে লবণের পরিমাণ বাড়ে।
বৈশিষ্ট্য: এতে জৈব পদার্থ বা হিউমাসের পরিমাণ অত্যন্ত কম, আর্দ্রতার অভাব থাকে এবং প্রকৃতিতে এটি ক্ষারীয় (উচ্চ pH)। এর নিচের স্তরে ক্যালসিয়াম কার্বনেট, সিলিকা বা লবণের আস্তরণ থাকে।
ভারতে অবস্থান: এটি প্রধানত রাজস্থানের থর মরুভূমি অঞ্চল, হরিয়ানা, পাঞ্জাব এবং গুজরাটের কিছু অংশে (কচ্ছের রণ) পাওয়া যায়।
কৃষিকাজ: প্রাকৃতিকভাবে অনুর্বর হলেও, সঠিক সেচ (যেমন- ইন্দিরা গান্ধী খাল) এবং সারের মাধ্যমে বাজরা, বার্লি, ভুট্টা এবং খরা-সহনশীল ডাল জাতীয় শস্য সফলভাবে চাষ করা যায়।
অন্যান্য মাটির প্রকারভেদ: অ্যান্ডিসল হল আগ্নেয়গিরির ছাই থেকে তৈরি মাটি; হিস্টোসোল মূলত জলাভূমির জৈব পদার্থ বা পিট মাটি; এবং মলিসল হল অত্যন্ত উর্বর তৃণভূমির মাটি।

Q9. Loktak Lake is in—

Manipur
Nagaland
Mizoram
Arunachal Pradesh

Answer: A. Manipur

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Geographical Status: Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India, situated near Moirang in Manipur.
Unique Feature (Phumdis): It is globally famous for 'Phumdis'—a series of unique circular floating islands composed of vegetation, soil, and organic matter at various stages of decomposition.
National Park: The Keibul Lamjao National Park (40 sq. km) is located on these phumdis, making it the world's only floating national park.
Endangered Species: The park is the last natural refuge of the critically endangered Sangai deer, also known as the brow-antlered deer or the "dancing deer" of Manipur.
Conservation Status: It was designated as a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention in 1990 and was listed in the Montreux Record in 1993 due to ecological problems caused by hydropower projects.

প্রশ্ন ৯: লোকটাক হ্রদ কোথায় অবস্থিত?

মণিপুর
নাগাল্যান্ড
মিজোরাম
অরুণাচল প্রদেশ

উত্তর: A. মণিপুর

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

ভৌগোলিক অবস্থান: লোকটাক হ্রদ উত্তর-পূর্ব ভারতের বৃহত্তম সাধু জলের হ্রদ, যা মণিপুরের মৈরাংয়ের কাছে অবস্থিত।
অনন্য বৈশিষ্ট্য (ফুমডি): এটি 'ফুমডি' নামক গোলাকার ভাসমান দ্বীপের জন্য বিশ্ববিখ্যাত। এগুলি উদ্ভিদ, মাটি এবং জৈব পদার্থের মিশ্রণে গঠিত যা জলের উপর ভাসতে থাকে।
জাতীয় উদ্যান: কেইবুল লামজাও জাতীয় উদ্যান (৪০ বর্গ কিমি) এই ফুমডিগুলির উপর অবস্থিত, যা বিশ্বের একমাত্র ভাসমান জাতীয় উদ্যান।
বিপন্ন প্রজাতি: এটি অত্যন্ত বিপন্ন সাঙ্গাই হরিণের শেষ প্রাকৃতিক আবাসস্থল। এই হরিণ মণিপুরের "নাচনে হরিণ" বা Dancing Deer নামেও পরিচিত।
সংরক্ষণ: ১৯৯০ সালে এটি রামসার কনভেনশনের অধীনে আন্তর্জাতিক গুরুত্বসম্পন্ন জলাভূমি হিসেবে স্বীকৃত হয় এবং জলবিদ্যুৎ প্রকল্পের কারণে পরিবেশগত হুমকির জন্য ১৯৯৩ সালে এটি মন্ট্রেক্স রেকর্ডে (Montreux Record) তালিকাভুক্ত হয়।

Q14. Which one is correct? The Nagarjuna Sagar-Sri Sailam in Andhra Pradesh is the—

Smallest Tiger Reserve in India
Biggest Tiger Reserve in India
First Tiger Reserve in India
Newest Tiger Reserve in India

Answer: B. Biggest Tiger Reserve in India

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Area & Size: Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR) is definitively the largest tiger reserve in India, covering a massive core and buffer area of nearly 3,728 sq km.
Location Details: It spreads across multiple districts in Andhra Pradesh (Prakasam, Nandyal, Palnadu) within the rugged Nallamala Hill ranges of the Eastern Ghats.
River System: The mighty Krishna River flows for about 130 km right through the reserve, creating deep gorges and enriching its biodiversity. The multipurpose Srisailam and Nagarjunasagar dams are located here.
Indigenous Tribes: It is home to the local 'Chenchu' tribe, a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) who co-exist with the wildlife.
Key Comparisons for Exams:
- Smallest Tiger Reserve: Bor Tiger Reserve (Maharashtra) or Orang (Assam).
- First Tiger Reserve: Jim Corbett (Uttarakhand), launched in 1973 under Project Tiger.
- Newest: Veerangana Durgavati (Madhya Pradesh) / Dholpur-Karauli (Rajasthan) as of late 2023.

প্রশ্ন ১৪: কোনটি সঠিক? অন্ধ্রপ্রদেশের নাগার্জুন সাগর-শ্রীশৈলম হল—

ভারতের ক্ষুদ্রতম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প (Tiger Reserve)
ভারতের বৃহত্তম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প
ভারতের প্রথম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প
ভারতের নতুন ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প

উত্তর: B. ভারতের বৃহত্তম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

আয়তন: নাগার্জুনসাগর-শ্রীশৈলম টাইগার রিজার্ভ (NSTR) কোর এবং বাফার জোন মিলিয়ে প্রায় ৩,৭২৮ বর্গ কিমি এলাকা জুড়ে বিস্তৃত, যা এটিকে ভারতের বৃহত্তম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্পে পরিণত করেছে।
অবস্থান: এটি পূর্বঘাট পর্বতমালার নাল্লামালা পাহাড়ী রেঞ্জের মধ্যে অন্ধ্রপ্রদেশের একাধিক জেলা (প্রকাশম, নান্দ্যাল, পালনাডু) জুড়ে অবস্থিত।
নদী ব্যবস্থা: শক্তিশালী কৃষ্ণা নদী প্রায় ১৩০ কিমি ধরে এই রিজার্ভের মধ্য দিয়ে প্রবাহিত হয়ে গভীর গিরিখাত তৈরি করেছে। শ্রীশৈলম এবং নাগার্জুনসাগর বহুমুখী বাঁধ এখানেই অবস্থিত।
উপজাতি: এটি স্থানীয় 'চেঞ্চু' (Chenchu) উপজাতির আবাসস্থল, যারা একটি অত্যন্ত দুর্বল উপজাতি গোষ্ঠী (PVTG) এবং এরা বন্যপ্রাণের সাথেই সহাবস্থান করে।
পরীক্ষার জন্য কিছু জরুরি তুলনা:
- ক্ষুদ্রতম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প: বোর টাইগার রিজার্ভ (মহারাষ্ট্র) বা ওরাং (আসাম)।
- প্রথম ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প: জিম করবেট (উত্তরাখণ্ড), যা ১৯৭৩ সালে প্রজেক্ট টাইগারের অধীনে শুরু হয়।
- নতুন ব্যাঘ্র প্রকল্প: বীরাঙ্গনা দুর্গাবতী (মধ্যপ্রদেশ) / ঢোলপুর-কারৌলি (রাজস্থান) - ২০২৩ সালের তথ্য অনুযায়ী।

Q18. Haldia Port is a part on the river bank of the confluence of the rivers—

Haldi River and Hooghly River
Haldi River and Rupnarayan River
Haldi River and Keleghai River
Haldi River and Shilabati River

Answer: A. Haldi River and Hooghly River

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Location: Haldia Port is strategically situated in the Purba Medinipur district of West Bengal at the intersection of the Haldi River and Hooghly River.
Port Status: It operates as a major riverine satellite port for the Kolkata Port Trust (now officially renamed Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port). It was developed to share the load of Kolkata port.
Cargo Handled: It primarily serves as a bulk cargo port, handling crude petroleum, chemicals, iron ore, and coal for the vast hinterland of Eastern India.
Haldi River Origin: The Haldi River itself is formed by the confluence of the Keleghai and Kangsabati rivers further inland in West Bengal.
Industrial Hub: The port has led to the growth of a massive petrochemical industrial belt (Haldia Petrochemicals, Indian Oil Refinery) in the region.

প্রশ্ন ১৮: হলদিয়া বন্দর কোন নদী দুটির সঙ্গমস্থলে নদীর তীরে অবস্থিত?

হলদি নদী এবং হুগলি নদী
হলদি নদী এবং রূপনারায়ণ নদী
হলদি নদী এবং কেলেঘাই নদী
হলদি নদী এবং শিলাবতী নদী

উত্তর: A. হলদি নদী এবং হুগলি নদী

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

অবস্থান: হলদিয়া বন্দর পশ্চিমবঙ্গের পূর্ব মেদিনীপুর জেলায় হলদি নদী এবং হুগলি নদীর ঠিক সংযোগস্থলে অবস্থিত।
বন্দরের মর্যাদা: এটি কলকাতা পোর্ট ট্রাস্টের (বর্তমানে শ্যামাপ্রসাদ মুখার্জি বন্দর) একটি প্রধান নদী-উপকূলবর্তী স্যাটেলাইট বন্দর হিসেবে কাজ করে। কলকাতা বন্দরের চাপ কমাতেই এটি তৈরি করা হয়েছিল।
পণ্য পরিবহন: এটি মূলত পূর্ব ভারতের অপরিশোধিত পেট্রোলিয়াম, রাসায়নিক, আকরিক লোহা এবং কয়লার মতো ভারী পণ্য পরিচালনার জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়।
হলদি নদীর উৎপত্তি: হলদি নদীটি রাজ্যের অভ্যন্তরে কেলেঘাই এবং কংসাবতী নদীর মিলনে সৃষ্টি হয়েছে।
শিল্পাঞ্চল: এই বন্দরকে কেন্দ্র করে হলদিয়ায় একটি বিশাল পেট্রোকেমিক্যাল শিল্পাঞ্চল (হলদিয়া পেট্রোকেমিক্যালস, ইন্ডিয়ান অয়েল রিফাইনারি) গড়ে উঠেছে।

2. WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2018

Q74. Which State in India is the meeting point of Mongoloids and Caucasoids?

Jammu & Kashmir
Assam
Madhya Pradesh
Karnataka

Answer: (B) Assam

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Demographic Bridge: Assam acts as a demographic and geographic gateway to Northeast India, making it a unique melting pot of different racial and ethnic groups.
Mongoloid Influence: The Sino-Tibetan and Tibeto-Burman speaking tribes migrated from Southeast Asia and Tibet into the Brahmaputra valley (e.g., Bodos, Dimasas, and later the Ahoms of Tai origin).
Caucasoid Influence: Indo-Aryan speakers (Caucasoids) migrated from the Gangetic plains of mainland India into the region over centuries, settling primarily in the river valleys.
Cultural Assimilation: The Ahom dynasty, which ruled Assam for nearly 600 years, successfully assimilated various local tribes and Hindu customs, creating a unique syncretic Assamese culture.
Key Insight: Anthropologists often refer to Assam and the North-East region as the "cultural laboratory" of India due to this massive intermingling.

প্রশ্ন ৭৪: ভারতের কোন রাজ্যটি মঙ্গোলয়েড এবং ককেশয়েডদের মিলনস্থল?

জম্মু ও কাশ্মীর
আসাম
মধ্যপ্রদেশ
কর্ণাটক

উত্তর: (B) আসাম

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

জনতাত্ত্বিক সেতু: আসাম উত্তর-পূর্ব ভারতের একটি প্রবেশদ্বার হিসেবে কাজ করে, তাই এটি বিভিন্ন বর্ণ এবং জাতিগোষ্ঠীর এক অনন্য মিলনস্থল।
মঙ্গোলয়েড প্রভাব: সিনো-তিব্বতীয় এবং তিব্বতো-বর্মান ভাষাভাষী উপজাতিরা দক্ষিণ-পূর্ব এশিয়া এবং তিব্বত থেকে ব্রহ্মপুত্র উপত্যকায় পাড়ি জমিয়েছিল (যেমন- বোড়ো, দিমাসা এবং পরে তাই বংশোদ্ভূত আহোমরা)।
ককেশয়েড প্রভাব: ইন্দো-আর্য ভাষাভাষী (ককেশয়েড) মানুষজন শতাব্দী ধরে মূল ভূখণ্ড ভারতের গাঙ্গেয় সমভূমি থেকে এই অঞ্চলে স্থানান্তরিত হয়ে মূলত নদী উপত্যকায় বসতি স্থাপন করে।
সাংস্কৃতিক সংমিশ্রণ: আহোম রাজবংশ, যারা প্রায় ৬০০ বছর ধরে আসাম শাসন করেছিল, তারা বিভিন্ন স্থানীয় উপজাতি এবং হিন্দু রীতিনীতিকে সফলভাবে একত্রিত করে একটি অনন্য অসমীয়া সংস্কৃতি তৈরি করেছিল।
বিশেষ তথ্য: নৃতাত্ত্বিকরা প্রায়শই আসাম এবং উত্তর-পূর্ব অঞ্চলকে এই বিশাল সংমিশ্রণের কারণে ভারতের "সাংস্কৃতিক পরীক্ষাগার" (Cultural Laboratory) বলে থাকেন।

Q77. In which State the ‘Wular Lake’ is situated?

West Bengal
Assam
Gujarat
Jammu & Kashmir

Answer: (D) Jammu & Kashmir

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Lake Size: Wular Lake is the largest freshwater lake in India and one of the largest in the entire Asian continent.
Geological Origin: Unlike many standard glacial lakes in the Himalayas, the basin of Wular was formed predominantly as a result of tectonic activity (earth's crust movement).
River Connection: The lake acts as a huge absorption basin for floodwaters. It is fed directly by the Jhelum River, which flows into it and then continues its journey out.
Location: It is situated in the Bandipora district of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Geopolitics (Tulbul Project): The Tulbul Navigation Project, which is a "navigation lock-cum-control structure" at the mouth of Wular Lake, has been a long-standing point of water dispute between India and Pakistan under the Indus Waters Treaty.

প্রশ্ন ৭৭: 'উলার হ্রদ' (Wular Lake) কোন রাজ্যে অবস্থিত?

পশ্চিমবঙ্গ
আসাম
গুজরাট
জম্মু ও কাশ্মীর

উত্তর: (D) জম্মু ও কাশ্মীর

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

হ্রদের আয়তন: উলার হ্রদ ভারতের বৃহত্তম সাধু জলের (Freshwater) হ্রদ এবং সমগ্র এশিয়া মহাদেশের মধ্যে অন্যতম বৃহৎ।
ভৌগোলিক উৎস: হিমালয়ের অন্যান্য সাধারণ হিমবাহ সৃষ্ট হ্রদগুলির থেকে ভিন্ন, উলার হ্রদের অববাহিকা মূলত টেকটোনিক (ভূ-গাঠনিক বা প্লেটের চলন) কার্যকলাপের ফলে গঠিত।
নদী সংযোগ: এই হ্রদ বন্যার জল শোষণের একটি বিশাল আধার হিসেবে কাজ করে। এটি সরাসরি ঝিলম নদী থেকে জল পায়, যা এর মধ্য দিয়ে প্রবাহিত হয়ে আবার বেরিয়ে যায়।
অবস্থান: এটি বর্তমানে জম্মু ও কাশ্মীর কেন্দ্রশাসিত অঞ্চলের বান্দিপোরা জেলায় অবস্থিত।
ভূ-রাজনীতি (তুলবুল প্রকল্প): উলার হ্রদের মুখে অবস্থিত 'তুলবুল নেভিগেশন প্রজেক্ট' সিন্ধু জল চুক্তি অনুযায়ী ভারত ও পাকিস্তানের মধ্যে দীর্ঘদিন ধরে চলে আসা একটি জল-বিরোধের বিষয়।

3. WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2012 Second Shift

Q10. Westernmost district of West Bengal is

Bankura
Paschim Medinipur
Purulia
Burdwan

Answer: (C) Purulia

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Geographical Boundary: Purulia forms the westernmost tip of West Bengal, sharing a large and porous border with the state of Jharkhand.
Topography: It is essentially an eastern extension of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, characterized by undulating terrain, rocky outcrops, and residual hills (Monadnocks) like the Ayodhya, Panchet, and Matha hills.
Highest Point: Gorgaburu (677 meters) located in the Ayodhya Hills range is the highest peak of South Bengal.
Climate & Vegetation: It experiences an extreme climate (scorching summers and chilly winters). The vegetation consists of semi-arid dry deciduous forests, prominent trees being Sal, Palash (Flame of the Forest), and Mahua.
Cultural Heritage: Purulia is globally renowned for its energetic martial tribal dance form known as the Chhau Dance (specifically the Purulia Chhau mask dance).

প্রশ্ন ১০: পশ্চিমবঙ্গের সর্বপশ্চিম জেলা কোনটি?

বাঁকুড়া
পশ্চিম মেদিনীপুর
পুরুলিয়া
বর্ধমান

উত্তর: (C) পুরুলিয়া

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

ভৌগোলিক সীমানা: পুরুলিয়া পশ্চিমবঙ্গের সবচেয়ে পশ্চিম প্রান্তে অবস্থিত, যা প্রতিবেশী ঝাড়খণ্ড রাজ্যের সাথে বিশাল সীমানা ভাগ করেছে।
ভূ-প্রকৃতি: এটি মূলত ছোটনাগপুর মালভূমির পূর্ব দিকের সম্প্রসারিত অংশ, যা ঢেউ খেলানো ভূখণ্ড এবং অযোধ্যা, পাঞ্চেত ও মাথা পাহাড়ের মতো অবশিষ্ট পাহাড় (Monadnocks) দ্বারা বেষ্টিত।
সর্বোচ্চ শৃঙ্গ: অযোধ্যা পাহাড়ের গোরগাবুরু (৬৭৭ মিটার) হল দক্ষিণবঙ্গের সর্বোচ্চ শৃঙ্গ।
জলবায়ু ও উদ্ভিদ: এখানে চরমভাবাপন্ন জলবায়ু (অত্যন্ত গরম গ্রীষ্ম এবং কনকনে শীত) দেখা যায়। শাল, পলাশ ও মহুয়ার মতো শুষ্ক পর্ণমোচী অরণ্য এখানকার প্রধান প্রাকৃতিক বৈশিষ্ট্য।
সাংস্কৃতিক ঐতিহ্য: পুরুলিয়া তার ছৌ নাচের (বিশেষ করে পুরুলিয়া ছৌ মুখোশ নৃত্য) জন্য বিশ্বব্যাপী বিখ্যাত, যা একটি ঐতিহ্যবাহী উপজাতীয় যুদ্ধ নৃত্য।

Q74. Durgapur is situated on the river

Ajoy
Kangsabati
Mayurakshi
Damodar

Answer: (D) Damodar

Exam Fact File (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

Industrial Significance: Located on the banks of the Damodar River in Paschim Bardhaman district, Durgapur is highly industrialized and is fondly called the "Ruhr of India" (akin to the heavy industry-rich Ruhr Valley in Germany).
Steel Plant setup: The Durgapur Steel Plant (DSP) was established during the Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) with critical technical and financial assistance from the United Kingdom (Britain).
The River's History: Originating from Khamarpat hill on the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand, the Damodar River was historically infamous as the "Sorrow of Bengal" due to its unpredictable and devastating floods.
DVC Multipurpose Project: To tame the river, the Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) was established in 1948 modeled on the USA's Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). It was independent India's first multipurpose river valley project.
Infrastructure: The Durgapur Barrage built across the river serves as a major source for irrigation canals and industrial water supply in the region.

প্রশ্ন ৭৪: দুর্গাপুর কোন নদীর তীরে অবস্থিত?

অজয়
কংসাবতী
ময়ূরাক্ষী
দামোদর

উত্তর: (D) দামোদর

পরীক্ষার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য (WBCS, SSC, Railway):

শিল্প গুরুত্ব: পশ্চিম বর্ধমান জেলায় দামোদর নদীর তীরে অবস্থিত দুর্গাপুর শহর অত্যন্ত শিল্পোন্নত। জার্মানির রুর উপত্যকার সাথে মিল রেখে একে "ভারতের রুর" (Ruhr of India) বলা হয়।
ইস্পাত কারখানা: দ্বিতীয় পঞ্চবার্ষিকী পরিকল্পনার (১৯৫৬-৬১) সময় যুক্তরাজ্যের (ব্রিটেন) প্রযুক্তিগত ও আর্থিক সহায়তায় দুর্গাপুর স্টিল প্ল্যান্ট (DSP) প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়েছিল।
নদীর ইতিহাস: ঝাড়খণ্ডের ছোটনাগপুর মালভূমির খামারপাত পাহাড় থেকে উদ্ভূত দামোদর নদ তার বিধ্বংসী বন্যার কারণে ঐতিহাসিকভাবে "বাংলার দুঃখ" (Sorrow of Bengal) নামে পরিচিত ছিল।
DVC প্রকল্প: নদীকে নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে আমেরিকার টেনেসি ভ্যালি অথরিটির (TVA) অনুকরণে ১৯৪৮ সালে দামোদর ভ্যালি কর্পোরেশন (DVC) প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়। এটি স্বাধীন ভারতের প্রথম বহুমুখী নদী উপত্যকা প্রকল্প।
পরিকাঠামো: দামোদরের উপর নির্মিত দুর্গাপুর ব্যারেজ এই অঞ্চলের কৃষি সেচ এবং শিল্প কারখানাগুলিতে জল সরবরাহের একটি প্রধান উৎস।

CSIR CMERI Durgapur ITI Technician Recruitment 2026 – Apply Online

2026-09-01T19:12:26.733+05:30

🚨 LAST DATE EXTENDED

CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026 – Apply Online for 27 Posts

Fitter, Electrician, Electronics Mechanic & Other Trades

📅 Last Date: 13 September 2026 up to 5:00 PM

🏛️ CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute

🔔 Latest Update:

CSIR-CMERI has extended the last date for the Technician-I [Group-II] Recruitment 2026. Eligible candidates can now submit their online applications up to 13 September 2026 at 5:00 PM.

The recruitment is being conducted under Advertisement No. 01/2026 for a total of 27 Technician-I posts in seven different technical trades.

CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026 is an excellent opportunity for candidates with ITI and relevant technical qualifications who are looking for a Central Government job. CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CMERI), Durgapur, has invited applications for 27 Technician-I [Group-II] vacancies.

The vacancies are available in trades including Fitter, Electrician / Mechanic (Electrical Power Drives), Electronics Mechanic / Instrument Mechanic, Machinist, Foundryman, Mechanic (Motor Vehicle/Diesel) and Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning.

Candidates who satisfy the prescribed educational qualification, age limit and trade-specific eligibility can apply online through the official CSIR-CMERI recruitment system.

✅ Quick Facts:

📌 CSIR CMERI Recruitment 2026 – Overview

🏢 Organisation CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CMERI)

📢 Advertisement No. 01/2026

💼 Post Technician-I [Group-II]

🔢 Total Vacancies 27 Posts

🎓 Qualification 10th/SSC + ITI / Eligible Experience

💰 Pay Level Level-2 – ₹19,900 to ₹63,200

📍 Job Location Durgapur, West Bengal / Ludhiana, Punjab

📝 Application Mode Online

📅 CSIR CMERI Recruitment 2026 Important Dates

Event	Date
Advertisement Date	04 July 2026
Online Application Starts	04 July 2026 – 10:00 AM
Original Last Date	03 August 2026 – 5:00 PM
Extended Last Date	13 September 2026 – 5:00 PM
Eligibility Cut-off Date	03 August 2026
Trade Test	To be notified
Written Examination	To be notified

⚠️ Important:

The application deadline has been extended, but candidates should carefully check the official corrigendum regarding the applicable eligibility cut-off date and other recruitment conditions.

💼 CSIR CMERI Technician Vacancy 2026 – Post & Category Wise

CSIR-CMERI has announced 27 Technician-I vacancies across seven trades. The official advertisement provides the reservation position for each trade.

The detailed category-wise distribution is given below. ST candidates have no separately earmarked vacancy in this recruitment.

Post Code	Trade	Total	SC	OBC-NCL	EWS	UR	PwBD
260101	Fitter	14	04	04	03	03	—
260102	Electrician / Mechanic (Electrical Power Drives)	04	0	0	0	04	—
260103	Electronics Mechanic / Instrument Mechanic	04	0	0	0	02	UR-PwBD(HH)-01 UR-PwBD(OH)-01
260104	Machinist	02	0	0	01	01	—
260105	Foundryman	01	0	0	0	01	—
260106	Mechanic (Motor Vehicle/Diesel)	01	0	01	0	0	—
260107	Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning	01	0	0	0	01	—
TOTAL		27	04	05	04	12	02*

📌 Category-wise Summary:

🔵 SC: 04 vacancies
🟣 ST: 00 vacancies
🟠 OBC-NCL: 05 vacancies
🟡 EWS: 04 vacancies
🟢 UR: 12 vacancies
♿ UR-PwBD: 02 horizontal PwBD earmarked positions within the UR category structure

*Note: The official notification separately identifies UR-PwBD(HH)-01 and UR-PwBD(OH)-01 under the Electronics Mechanic / Instrument Mechanic trade. These are not additional vacancies over and above the total 27 posts.

🔧 CSIR CMERI Vacancy – Trade Wise Details

🔧 Fitter – 14 Posts SC: 04 | OBC-NCL: 04 | EWS: 03 | UR: 03

⚡ Electrician – 04 Posts UR: 04

🔌 Electronics Mechanic – 04 Posts UR: 02 + UR-PwBD(HH): 01 + UR-PwBD(OH): 01

⚙️ Machinist – 02 Posts EWS: 01 | UR: 01

🏭 Foundryman – 01 Post UR: 01

🚗 Mechanic Motor Vehicle/Diesel – 01 Post OBC-NCL: 01

❄️ Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning – 01 Post UR: 01

🎓 CSIR CMERI Technician Eligibility 2026

Candidates must satisfy the qualification requirements prescribed for the relevant trade. The main qualification route is SSC/10th Standard with Science subjects and minimum 55% marks along with the relevant ITI certificate or National/State Trade Certificate.

✅ Route 1 – 10th + ITI

SSC / 10th Standard or equivalent with Science subjects and minimum 55% marks along with ITI / National or State Trade Certificate in the relevant trade from a recognized institution.

✅ Route 2 – Apprentice Experience

SSC / 10th Standard or equivalent with Science subjects and minimum 55% marks plus 2 years of full-time experience as an apprentice trainee in the relevant trade from a recognized institution.

✅ Route 3 – Relevant Government/PSU Experience

SSC / 10th Standard or equivalent with Science subjects and minimum 55% marks plus 3 years of relevant work experience in a Ministry, Department, Organisation, PSU or Autonomous Body under the Government of India, State or UT.

📌 Important:

The qualification must be relevant to the particular trade for which the candidate is applying. Candidates should carefully read the official notification before submitting the form.

🎂 CSIR CMERI Technician Age Limit 2026

The prescribed upper age limit for the Technician-I posts is approximately 28 years, subject to applicable category-wise relaxation under Government/CSIR rules.

Category	Applicable Relaxation
SC/ST	5 Years
OBC-NCL	3 Years
PwBD – UR	10 Years
PwBD – OBC	13 Years
PwBD – SC/ST	15 Years

💰 CSIR CMERI Technician Salary 2026

💵 Pay Level-2

₹19,900 – ₹63,200 as per the 7th CPC Pay Matrix.

The notification indicates approximately ₹39,000 total monthly emoluments at the minimum of the pay scale, including applicable components such as Basic Pay, DA, HRA and Transport Allowance.

Selected candidates may also be eligible for benefits under applicable CSIR rules, including:

🏠 House Rent Allowance
🚍 Transport Allowance
🏥 Medical benefits
✈️ Leave Travel Concession
🏡 House Building Advance, as applicable
📈 Career advancement opportunities under applicable CSIR rules
💼 National Pension System / applicable pension provisions

📝 CSIR CMERI Technician Selection Process 2026

The selection process consists of application screening, Trade Test and Competitive Written Examination.

1️⃣ Application Screening Applications are screened by the duly constituted Screening Committee.

2️⃣ Trade Test Shortlisted candidates appear for the relevant Trade Test. The Trade Test is qualifying in nature.

3️⃣ Written Examination Candidates qualifying in the Trade Test are called for the Competitive Written Examination.

4️⃣ Final Merit Final merit is prepared on the basis of Paper-II and Paper-III marks.

📚 CSIR CMERI Technician Exam Pattern 2026

Paper	Subject	Questions	Marks	Negative Marking
Paper-I	Mental Ability Test	50	100	No Negative Marking
Paper-II	General Awareness	25	75	1 mark
Paper-II	English Language	25	75	1 mark
Paper-III	Concerned Trade/Subject	50	150	1 mark
Total		150	400	—

⏱️ Total Examination Time: 2 hours 30 minutes.

Paper-I contains Mental Ability questions including General Intelligence, Quantitative Aptitude, Reasoning, Problem Solving and Situational Judgement. Paper-II contains General Awareness and English Language, while Paper-III is based on the concerned trade/subject.

🎯 Merit Rule:

Paper-II and Paper-III will be evaluated only for candidates who secure the minimum threshold marks in Paper-I. The final merit list will be prepared using the marks obtained in Paper-II and Paper-III.

💳 CSIR CMERI Application Fee 2026

The application fee for candidates who are required to pay the fee is ₹500.

Eligible candidates exempted from payment include:

✅ SC candidates
✅ ST candidates
✅ Women candidates
✅ PwBD candidates
✅ Ex-Servicemen candidates

Candidates who are required to pay the fee should use the prescribed SBI Collect payment facility and retain the transaction receipt.

📄 Documents Required

📷 Recent passport-size photograph
✍️ Signature
📜 10th/SSC certificate
📊 10th/SSC marksheet
🔧 ITI / Trade Certificate
📑 Apprentice / Experience Certificate, if applicable
🪪 SC/ST/OBC-NCL/EWS certificate, wherever applicable
♿ PwBD certificate, wherever applicable
🎖️ Ex-Serviceman certificate, wherever applicable
💳 Application fee receipt, wherever applicable
🆔 Valid identity proof
📄 NOC from employer, wherever applicable

🚀 How to Apply Online for CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026

Visit the official CSIR-CMERI website.
Open the Career / Vacancy section.
Find Advertisement No. 01/2026 – Technician-I [Group-II].
Open the online application link.
Complete the registration process.
Enter personal, educational and trade details carefully.
Upload photograph, signature and required certificates.
Pay the application fee through the prescribed payment method, if applicable.
Review the entire application carefully.
Submit the application form.
Save and print a copy of the final submitted application for future reference.

🚀 APPLY ONLINE – CSIR CMERI TECHNICIAN 2026 🌐 OFFICIAL CSIR-CMERI WEBSITE

📍 CSIR CMERI Technician Job Location

The advertised positions are for CSIR-CMERI, Durgapur, West Bengal and its Extension Centre, the Centre of Excellence for Farm Machinery, Ludhiana, Punjab.

Selected candidates may be posted in any division according to their suitability and organisational requirements. The official notification also states that selected candidates may be required to work in shifts and attend emergencies at odd hours.

⭐ Why Apply for CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026?

🏛️ Central Government Organisation CSIR-CMERI is a major national research institute under CSIR.

💰 7th CPC Salary Technician-I posts carry Pay Level-2.

🔧 ITI-Based Recruitment Several technical trades are included.

📈 Career Growth Employees receive benefits and career advancement opportunities under applicable rules.

⚠️ Important Points Before Applying

🔴 Total vacancies: 27.
🔴 Fitter has the highest number of vacancies: 14.
🔴 There are no separately earmarked ST vacancies in the advertised 27 posts.
🔴 SC vacancies: 04.
🔴 OBC-NCL vacancies: 05.
🔴 EWS vacancies: 04.
🔴 UR vacancies: 12.
🔴 Two UR-PwBD positions are identified as HH-01 and OH-01 within the overall vacancy structure.
🔴 Trade Test is qualifying in nature.
🔴 Paper-I has no negative marking.
🔴 Paper-II and Paper-III have negative marking.
🔴 Final merit is based on Paper-II and Paper-III.
🔴 The last date is 13 September 2026 at 5:00 PM.
🔴 Candidates should check the official corrigendum and recruitment page for the latest instructions.

🔗 CSIR CMERI Recruitment 2026 – Important Links

📝 APPLY ONLINE 📥 DOWNLOAD OFFICIAL NOTIFICATION PDF 📢 DOWNLOAD Last Date Extension PDF 🌐 CHECK OFFICIAL CSIR-CMERI RECRUITMENT PAGE

❓ CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026 – FAQs

Q1. How many vacancies are available in CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026?

A total of 27 Technician-I [Group-II] vacancies are available.

Q2. What is the last date to apply for CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026?

The extended last date is 13 September 2026 up to 5:00 PM.

Q3. How many Fitter vacancies are available?

There are 14 Fitter vacancies: SC-04, OBC-NCL-04, EWS-03 and UR-03.

Q4. Are there any ST vacancies?

There are no separately earmarked ST vacancies in the 27 advertised posts.

Q5. How many OBC-NCL vacancies are available?

There are 5 OBC-NCL vacancies in total.

Q6. What is the qualification for CSIR CMERI Technician posts?

Generally, candidates need 10th/SSC with Science subjects and minimum 55% marks along with the relevant ITI/trade certificate, or an eligible apprentice/work-experience route mentioned in the official advertisement.

Q7. What is the salary of CSIR CMERI Technician?

The Technician-I post carries Pay Level-2: ₹19,900–₹63,200. The notification indicates approximately ₹39,000 total monthly emoluments at the minimum of the scale, subject to applicable rules and allowances.

Q8. Is there a Trade Test?

Yes. Shortlisted candidates have to qualify in the relevant Trade Test before appearing in the Competitive Written Examination.

Q9. Is there negative marking?

Paper-I has no negative marking. Paper-II and Paper-III carry one negative mark for each wrong answer.

Q10. Which trade has the highest vacancies?

Fitter has the highest number of vacancies with 14 posts.

Q11. Where will selected candidates be posted?

Candidates may be posted at CSIR-CMERI Durgapur, West Bengal or its Extension Centre at Ludhiana, Punjab, depending on organisational requirements and suitability.

Q12. Where can I download the official notification?

Candidates should download and read the official CSIR-CMERI Advertisement No. 01/2026 and subsequent corrigendum before applying.

🎯 Final Words

CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026 is a valuable opportunity for ITI-qualified candidates seeking a Central Government technical position. The recruitment offers 27 vacancies across seven trades, including Fitter, Electrician, Electronics Mechanic, Machinist and other technical trades.

Candidates should carefully verify their trade qualification, age, category, reservation status and required documents before submitting the application.

With the application deadline extended to 13 September 2026 at 5:00 PM, eligible candidates should complete the application well before the closing time.

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IBPS RRB CRP XV Recruitment 2026 Notification Out - Apply Online From 1st September

2026-08-31T16:56:48.779+05:30

IBPS RRB Notification 2026 Out - 13706 Clerk & PO Vacancy, PDF, Apply Online

✍️ By Admin Updated: 01 Sep 2026, 09:15 AM IST Source: ibps.in Category: Bank Jobs 2026

IBPS RRB CRP XV Notification 2026 has been released for Office Assistant Clerk & Officer Scale I, II, III (PO) posts. As per IBPS calendar, total IBPS RRB vacancy 2026 is 13706 in 43 Gramin Banks. IBPS RRB apply online 2026 starts from 1 September 2026 to 21 September 2026 at official website www.ibps.in. Candidates searching for ibps rrb 2026 notification pdf download, ibps rrb clerk eligibility, ibps rrb po age limit, ibps rrb salary can check complete details below.

Related Searches: ibps rrb notification 2026 pdf, ibps rrb apply online 2026, ibps rrb clerk vacancy 2026, ibps rrb po recruitment 2026, ibps rrb eligibility 2026, ibps rrb exam date 2026

📑 Table of Contents IBPS RRB 2026

IBPS RRB Notification 2026 Overview
IBPS RRB Important Dates & Exam Date 2026
IBPS RRB Vacancy 2026 Post Wise
IBPS RRB Eligibility Criteria 2026
IBPS RRB Age Limit 2026
IBPS RRB Application Fee 2026
IBPS RRB Salary 2026 - Clerk & PO Salary
IBPS RRB Selection Process & Exam Pattern
How to Apply for IBPS RRB 2026 Apply Online?
IBPS RRB FAQs 2026

IBPS RRB Notification 2026 Overview - CRP XV

Details	Information
Exam Name	IBPS RRB CRP XV 2026 - IBPS RRB PO and Clerk Recruitment
Conducting Body	Institute of Banking Personnel Selection
Post Name	Office Assistant (Clerk), Officer Scale I (PO), Scale II & III
IBPS RRB Total Vacancy 2026	13706 Posts (Expected)
IBPS RRB Qualification	Graduation in Any Stream
IBPS RRB Apply Online Date	01 Sep to 21 Sep 2026 at ibps.in

IBPS RRB Exam Date 2026 & Important Dates

IBPS RRB Events 2026	Dates
IBPS RRB Notification Release Date	31 August 2026 (Short Notice)
IBPS RRB Apply Online Start Date	01 September 2026
IBPS RRB Last Date to Apply	21 September 2026
IBPS RRB PO Prelims Exam Date (Scale-I)	21, 22 November 2026
IBPS RRB Clerk Prelims Exam Date	06, 12, 13 December 2026
IBPS RRB Mains Exam Date 2026	20 Dec 2026 & 30 Jan 2027

IBPS RRB Vacancy 2026 - Clerk, PO, Scale II & III

Post Name (IBPS RRB Posts)	IBPS RRB Vacancy 2026
IBPS RRB Office Assistant (Clerk) Vacancy	7500+
IBPS RRB Officer Scale I (PO) Vacancy	4500+
IBPS RRB Officer Scale II Vacancy	1200+
IBPS RRB Officer Scale III Vacancy	200+

IBPS RRB Eligibility 2026 - Qualification for Clerk & PO

Post	IBPS RRB Qualification 2026
IBPS RRB Clerk Qualification	Graduation + Local Language (Bengali for WB) + Computer Knowledge
IBPS RRB PO Qualification (Scale I)	Graduation in any discipline
IBPS RRB Officer Scale II Qualification	Graduation 50% + 2 Years Experience
IBPS RRB Officer Scale III Qualification	Graduation 50% + 5 Years Experience

IBPS RRB Age Limit 2026 as on 01.09.2026

Post	IBPS RRB Age Limit
IBPS RRB Clerk Age Limit	18 to 28 Years
IBPS RRB PO Age Limit (Scale I)	18 to 30 Years
IBPS RRB Officer Scale II Age Limit	21 to 32 Years
IBPS RRB Officer Scale III Age Limit	21 to 40 Years

IBPS RRB Application Fee 2026

Category	IBPS RRB Fees
SC / ST / PwBD	Rs. 175/-
General / OBC / EWS	Rs. 850/-

IBPS RRB Salary 2026 - Clerk & PO Salary

IBPS RRB Clerk Salary
₹29k-₹33k
In-hand

IBPS RRB PO Salary (Scale-I)
₹48k-₹52k
In-hand

IBPS RRB Officer Scale II Salary
₹60k-₹65k

IBPS RRB Officer Scale III Salary
₹75k+

IBPS RRB Selection Process 2026 & Exam Pattern

Post	IBPS RRB Selection Process
IBPS RRB Clerk Selection	Prelims + Mains - No Interview
IBPS RRB PO Selection	Prelims + Mains + Interview
IBPS RRB Scale II & III Selection	Single Exam + Interview

How to Apply for IBPS RRB 2026 Apply Online?

Visit official website ibps.in for IBPS RRB apply online 2026.
Click on CRP RRBs XV link on homepage.
Select IBPS RRB Clerk Apply Online or IBPS RRB PO Apply Online link.
Complete IBPS RRB registration 2026 with basic details.
Upload documents - photo, signature, thumb impression, declaration.
Pay IBPS RRB application fee 2026 and submit form.

IBPS RRB Important Links 2026

IBPS RRB Notification 2026 PDF Download ↗ IBPS RRB Apply Online 2026 Link (Officer) → IBPS RRB Clerk Apply Online 2026 Link → IBPS RRB Official Website - ibps.in →

IBPS RRB 2026 FAQs

Q. When will IBPS RRB apply online 2026 start?

IBPS RRB apply online starts on 1 September 2026 and last date is 21 September 2026 on ibps.in.

Q. How many vacancies in IBPS RRB 2026?

Total IBPS RRB vacancy 2026 is 13706 posts for Clerk, PO, Officer Scale II & III in 43 Gramin Banks.

Q. What is IBPS RRB qualification for Clerk?

IBPS RRB Clerk qualification is graduation in any discipline with local language knowledge.

Q. What is IBPS RRB age limit for PO?

IBPS RRB PO age limit is 18 to 30 years as on 01.09.2026. Age relaxation applicable.

Q. What is IBPS RRB salary for Clerk?

IBPS RRB Clerk salary 2026 in-hand is Rs. 27000 to Rs. 33000 per month with allowances.

List of Current CM and Governor of all states 2026

2026-08-31T15:36:10.127+05:30

List of Current CM and Governor of All States 2026

Updated list of Chief Ministers and Governors of all States 2026.

There are 28 states and 8 Union Territories in India. The complete list of current Chief Ministers, Capitals, and Governors of all states of 2026 is given below:

Sl No.	State	Capital	Chief Minister	Governor
1	Andhra Pradesh	Amaravati	N. Chandrababu Naidu	S. Abdul Nazeer
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Itanagar	Pema Khandu	Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
3	Assam	Dispur	Himanta Biswa Sarma	Lakshman Prasad Acharya
4	Bihar	Patna	Samrat Choudhary	Syed Ata Hasnain
5	Chhattisgarh	Raipur	Vishnu Deo Sai	Ramen Deka
6	Goa	Panaji	Pramod Sawant	Ashok Gajapathi Raju
7	Gujarat	Gandhinagar	Bhupendrabhai Patel	Acharya Devvrat
8	Haryana	Chandigarh	Nayab Singh Saini	Ashim Kumar Ghosh
9	Himachal Pradesh	Shimla	Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu	Kavinder Gupta
10	Jharkhand	Ranchi	Hemant Soren	Santosh Kumar Gangwar
11	Karnataka	Bengaluru	D. K. Shivakumar	Thaawarchand Gehlot
12	Kerala	Thiruvananthapuram	V.D. Satheesan	Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar
13	Madhya Pradesh	Bhopal	Mohan Yadav	Mangubhai C. Patel
14	Maharashtra	Mumbai	Devendra Fadnavis	Jishnu Dev Varma
15	Manipur	Imphal	Yumnam Khemchand Singh	Ajay Kumar Bhalla
16	Meghalaya	Shillong	Conrad Sangma	C. H. Vijayashankar
17	Mizoram	Aizawl	Lalduhoma	(Dr.) Vijay Kumar Singh
18	Nagaland	Kohima	Neiphiu Rio	Nand Kishore Yadav
19	Odisha	Bhubaneswar	Mohan Charan Majhi	Dr. Hari Babu Kambhampati
20	Punjab	Chandigarh	Bhagwant Mann	Gulab Chand Kataria
21	Rajasthan	Jaipur	Bhajan Lal Sharma	Haribhau Kisanrao Bagde
22	Sikkim	Gangtok	Prem Singh Tamang	Om Prakash Mathur
23	Tamil Nadu	Chennai	C. Joseph Vijay	Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar
24	Telangana	Hyderabad	A. Revanth Reddy	Shiv Pratap Shukla
25	Tripura	Agartala	Manik Saha	Indrasena Reddy Nallu
26	Uttar Pradesh	Lucknow	Yogi Adityanath	Anandiben Patel
27	Uttarakhand	Dehradun	Pushkar Singh Dhami	Gurmit Singh
28	West Bengal	Kolkata	Suvendu Adhikari	R.N. Ravi

WBP Constable Previous Year Question Paper 2019

2026-08-31T07:23:41.244+05:30

WBP Constable Previous Year Question Paper | WBP Constable Previous Year Question Paper 2019|

WBP Police Constable Previous Year Question Paper

WBP Constable Previous Year Question Paper - Download PDF here.

Hi all Aspirants of WBP Constable Examination. Today we will provide you WBP Constable Previous Year Question Paper. This is the WBP Constable 2019 Preliminary Question Paper.

WBP Constable Examination Selection Process

West Bengal Police Recruitment Board Takes the exam for the recruitment of Constable and SI for West Bengal Police. The recruitment of constable has several steps or process. At first the Preliminary Examination, then PMT (Physical Measurement Test) and PET (Physical Efficiency Test) and after this the successful candidates go through the mains exams. After that the the candidates who pass the main exam are appeared for the Interview Test. After this final merit list is prepared.

The WB Police Constable Preliminary Exam is of 100 marks and the time alloted for the exam was 1 hour. It would be very much difficult to attempt all the questions within 1 hour. Candidates need to pass in this Preliminary Exam to appear for the PMT and PET. And Main Question is of 85 marks and of 1 hour. So to crack the exam the candidate need lots of mock test beside the preparation. And for better preparation WBP Constable Previous Year Question Paper practice is highly needed. So, Today we are providing you with the WBP Constable Previous Year Question paper. Just download the WBP Constable 2019 Question Paper and start Your Preparation.

Syllabus:

The Syllabus of Preliminary Exam :

Questions are asked from Mathematics, Reasoning, and GK.

The Syllabus of Preliminary Exam :

Questions are asked from Mathematics, Reasoning, and GK, and English

This Question Paper is available in Bengali and Hindi.

To Download WBP Constable 2019 Previous Year Question Paper - Click Here.

You Can Also like,

WBP Excise SI Question Paper

WBP EXCISE SI 2018 PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER PDF DOWNLOAD

2026-08-31T01:24:29.606+05:30

WBP EXCISE SI 2018 PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER PDF DOWNLOAD|West Bengal Police Inspector of Excise Question Paper 2018 Download|WBP SI of Excise 2018 Question Paper Pdf Download|

For any examination previous year question papers is very much essential to get a minimum idea about the types of questions that is asked in the previous year questions. It is very much essential to crack any type of govt Job.

You may aslo check:

RRB NTPC PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER PDF

Today we are going to shear the WB Police Excise SI 2018 previous year question paper.

For better preparation for the examination and to excell and to secure a job every student must practice WBP Excise SI Previous Year Paper 2018.

You can also check:

WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Previous Year Question Paper Pdf

The download link of WB Excise SI 2018 Previous Year Question Paper is given Below:

Click here to Download WB Excise SI 2018 Previous Year Question Paper

Prepare better with us. And excell in your examination. You can comment below which exam's previous year question paper is needed then we will try to arrange it.

If you are interested in Make Money Online Visit here.

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Important Days of the Year dedicated to Animals

2026-08-31T01:12:47.620+05:30

Important Days of the Year dedicated to Animals

🐧 20 Jan ➖ Penguin Awareness Day

🦓 31 Jan ➖ International Zebra Day

🦝 3rd Saturday of Feb ➖ World Pangolin Day

🎋 27 Feb ➖ International Polar Bear Day

🍃 3 March ➖ World Wildlife Day

🦆20 March ➖ World Sparrow Day

🦔 20 March ➖ Frog Day

🐶 11 Apr ➖ National Pet Day

🐬 14 Apr ➖ Dolphin Day

🐲 24 Apr ➖ World Day for Laboratory Animals

🦅 2nd Saturday of May ➖ International Migratory Bird Day

🦧 15 May ➖ International Kangaroo Care Awareness Day

🐢 23 May ➖ World Turtle Day

🔹 21 June ➖ World Giraffe Day

🐫 22 June ➖ World Camel Day

🐅 29 July ➖ International Tiger Day

🐱 8 August ➖ World Cat Day

🦁 10 August ➖ World Lion Day

🐘 12 August ➖ World Elephant Day

🔰 19 August➖ International Orangutan Day

🔰 3rd Saturday of Sep ➖ International Red Panda Day

🦏 22 Sept ➖ World Rhino Day

🐆 23 Oct ➖ International Snow Leopard Day

🐆 4 Dec ➖ International Cheetah Day

🐒 14 Dec ➖ International Monkey Day.

General Knowledge Important Questions| Part-2| Important Questions for all Competitive Examination

2026-08-31T01:10:12.937+05:30

General Knowledge Important Questions| Part-2| Important Questions for all Competitive Examination

Hi all! Welcome to our Blog. We hope that you are all good. Today we will be discussing some important GK Questions that will be very very important for Exam point of view. This questions will be important for exams like WBCS| RRB NTPC| RRB GROUP D| and Other Exams conducted by WBPSC.

1. During periods of inflation, tax rates should-
(a) increase √
(b) decrease
(c) remain constant
(d) fluctuate

2. Which of the following items is a major item of Indian export?
(a) Computer chips
(b) Potato chips
(c)Textile garments √
(d) Car engines

3. The working of a rocket is based on the principle of -
(a) conservation of momentum√
(b) conservation of mass
(c) conservation of energgy
(d) conservation of angular momentum

4. Anemometer is used to measure
(a) air pressure
(b) Wind speed√
(c) altitude
(d) heating

5. Farad is the unit of
(a) resistance
(b) capacitance √
(c) conductance
(d) inductance

6. Which of these is a micronutrient for plants?
(a) Carbon (b) Oxygen (c) Nitrogen(d) Boron √

7. In which state Gaudiya Nritya is a famous classical dance form?
(a) Asam
(b) West Bengal √
(c) Odisha
(d) Uttar Pradesh

8. During photosynthesis green plants absorb
(a) nitrogen
(b) sunlight √
(c) carbon monoxide
(d) oxygen

9. The deficiency of iodine leads to -
(a) Hyperthyroidism
(b) Goitre √
(c) Midgut
(d) Diabetes

10. Study of field crops is called-
(a) pomology
(b) agronomy √
(c) olericulture
(d) floriculture

11. A bug in a program is-
(a) statement
(b) error √
(c) syntax
(d) Both 'b' and 'c

General Knowledge Important Questions Part-1

12. The first computer language developed was -
(a) COBOL
(b) BASIC
(c) FORTAN √
(d) PASCAL

13. The name of India's rescarch station at the North pole is -
(a) Dakshin Gangotri
(b) Maitr
(c) Himadri √
(d) None of the above

14. Which of the following is the headquarters of the World Bank?
(a) The Hague
(b) Washington √
(c) Paris
(d) London

15. Who has instituted the Moortidevi Sahitya Purashkar?
(a) Ministry of HRD, Central Government (b) Sahitya Academy
(c) Bharatiya Jnanapith Trust √
(d) Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan

16. FAO is the abbreviation of -
(a) Fibre and Agricultural Organisation
(b) Factory Acquisition Organisation
(c) Free Arbitration Organisation
(d) Food and Agriculture Organisation √

17. For which film Amitabh Bachchan won Best Actor Award in 63 National Film Awards, 2016?
(a) Piku√
(b) Black
(c)Paa
(d) Agnipath

18. Who was the author of Kapalakundala?
(a) Satyajit Roy
(b) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay √
(c) Sukumar Roy
(d) Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay

19. In which city the first International Qawwali Festival, 2016 was held?
(a) Panaji
(b) Delhi √
(c) Benaras
(d) Kolkata

Also See,

General Knowledge Important Questions Part-1

General Knowledge Mock Test| Part-1| Important Questions for all Competitive Examination

2026-08-30T23:15:51.510+05:30

General Knowledge Mock Test| Part-1| Important Questions for all Competitive Examination

General Knowledge Important Questions

So, attempt All the Questions and write your answers in the comment box.

*****we will update the answer key tomorrow.

1. Who is considered as the greatest of all the Vijayanagara rulers?

(a) Krishnadevaraya

(b) Vira Narasimha

(d) Rama Raya

2. Radioactivity was discovered by

(a) Becquerel

(b) Kelvin

(d) Rutherford

3. lbn Battuta visited India during the reign of-

(a) Iltutmish

(b) Alauddin Khilji

(c)Muhammad- bin - Tughlaq

(d) Balban

4. Ranthambhor was

(a) a Mughal Palace

(b) A Rajput fort

(d) a Buddhist pilgrimage centre

5. The greatness of Sher-Shah lies in his-

(a) victories against Humayun

(b) superior generalship

(c) administrative reforms

(d) religious tolerance

6. Purna Swaraj was announced in the Indian National Congress Session of -

(a) Calcutta (b) Lahore (c) Nagpur (d) Karachi

7. Which country's currency is Ngultrum?

(a) Laos (b) Sri Lanka (c) Bhutan (d) Nepal a

8. Name the "Political Guru''of Mahatma Gandhi-

(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

(d) Lala Lajpat Rai

9. "Supernova' is

(a) a comet

(b) an exploding star

(d) an asteroid

10. The red colour of red soil is due to the rusting of

(a) nitrogen

(b) humus

(c) iron

(d) copper

11. The pass located in Himachal Pradesh is -

(a) Shipkila

(b) Zojila

(d) Jelepla

12. What is the host city of 2016 Summer Olympic Games?

(a) London

(b) Maxicocity

(d) Rio de Janeiro

13. Who was newly appointed as the CEO of food regulator Food Sa fety and Standards Authority of India?

(a) Amitabh Kant

(b) Arun Singha

(d) Atul Sobti

14. Kandla port is located at -

(a) Gulf of Khambat

(b) Kori Creek

(c) Gulf of Kutch

(d) None of this

15. Manchester' of South India is -

(a) Coimbatore

(b) Madurai

(d) Chennai

16. In which state is Hutti Gold Mine situated?

(a) Maharashtra

(b) West Bengal

(d) Karnataka

17. Who is the constitutional head of the Government of India?

(a) President

(d) Attorney General

18. In which of the following list does the subject 'planning' figure?

(a) State List

(b) Concurrent List

(d) Union List

19. The main Pollination agent in the case of maze plants

(a) Insects

(b) Wind

(d) Rats

20. K. Chockalingam was conferred with the prestigious Paul H Appleby Award. He is a -

(a) detective

(b) journalist

(c) criminologist

(d) photographer

WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Questions of Indian Polity

2026-08-28T22:12:57.771+05:30

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Questions — Indian Polity PYQ

📚 WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Questions — Indian Polity

Complete Polity PYQ Analysis for WBPSC & Other West Bengal Govt Exams

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question is very very essential for WBPSC Miscellaneous exams, WBCS, WBPSC CLERKSHIP, WBPSC Motor Vehicle Exams, WBP SI, WBP Constable, Kolkata Police SI, Kolkata Police Constable, and all other Govt exams in West Bengal.

Here we will discuss WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year all Polity Questions. Students will be benefited from this. So, let's start.

WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary 2023 4 Questions

Q62. Who was the first woman Chief Minister of India?

A. Pratibha Patil

B. Padmaja Naidu

C. Sucheta Kripalani

D. Amrit Kaur

✓ Correct Answer: C. Sucheta Kripalani

📌 Additional Information

Sucheta Kripalani became the first woman Chief Minister of India, serving as CM of Uttar Pradesh (1963–1967).
She was a prominent freedom fighter and a member of the Constituent Assembly.
She was married to Acharya J.B. Kripalani, a veteran Congress leader.
She also served as a Lok Sabha MP from New Delhi constituency.
She founded the All India Mahila Congress in 1940.

📖 Other Personalities: Pratibha Patil — first woman President of India (2007–2012); Padmaja Naidu — Governor of West Bengal (1956–1967); Amrit Kaur — first Health Minister of India (1947–1957).

Q70. First President of India who died while in office—

A. V.V. Giri

B. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed

C. Zakir Hussain

D. Neelam S. Reddy

✓ Correct Answer: C. Zakir Hussain

📌 Additional Information

Dr. Zakir Hussain was the 3rd President of India (1967–1969) and the first President to die in office on 3 May 1969.
He was also the first Muslim President of India.
He served as the Vice-President of India from 1962 to 1967.
He was a co-founder of Jamia Millia Islamia university.
He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1963.

📖 Others: V.V. Giri — 4th President (1969–1974); Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed — 5th President (1974–1977), also died in office; Neelam Sanjiva Reddy — 6th President (1977–1982).

Q85. Who among the following Prime Ministers of India was the longest serving Prime Minister?

A. Indira Gandhi

B. Rajiv Gandhi

C. Jawaharlal Nehru

D. Manmohan Singh

✓ Correct Answer: C. Jawaharlal Nehru

📌 Additional Information

Jawaharlal Nehru served as Prime Minister from 15 August 1947 to 27 May 1964 — approximately 16 years 286 days.
He was the first Prime Minister of independent India.
He is known as the architect of modern India and propounded the idea of "Mixed Economy".
He authored "The Discovery of India" and "Glimpses of World History".
He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1955.

📖 Others: Indira Gandhi — served ~15 years (2 terms); Rajiv Gandhi — served 5 years; Manmohan Singh — served 10 years (2004–2014).

Q86. Who was the Prime Minister of India, when the 'Look East Policy' of India formulated?

A. I. K. Gujral

B. H. D. Deve Gowda

C. Atal Bihari Vajpayee

D. P. V. Narasimha Rao

✓ Correct Answer: D. P. V. Narasimha Rao

📌 Additional Information

The Look East Policy was launched in 1991 under Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao.
It aimed to strengthen economic and strategic relations with Southeast Asian nations.
P. V. Narasimha Rao served as PM from 1991 to 1996.
He is also known as the "Father of Indian Economic Reforms" for introducing LPG (Liberalisation, Privatisation, Globalisation) reforms in 1991.
He was the first PM from South India.

📖 Others: I.K. Gujral — PM 1997–98, Gujral Doctrine; H.D. Deve Gowda — PM 1996–97; Atal Bihari Vajpayee — PM 1996, 1998–2004.

WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary 2018 8 Questions

Q26. The concept 'secularism' was incorporated to the Preamble of Constitution of India by

(A) 42nd Amendment

(B) 44th Amendment

(D) 23rd Amendment

✓ Correct Answer: (A) 42nd Amendment

📌 Additional Information

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 added the words "Secular", "Socialist" and "Integrity" to the Preamble.
It was passed during the Emergency period under Indira Gandhi's government.
It is also known as the "Mini Constitution" due to its extensive changes.
The Preamble originally declared India a "Sovereign Democratic Republic"; after the amendment, it became "Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic".
The 44th Amendment (1978) reversed some provisions of the 42nd Amendment.

Q27. The concept social justice is an integral part of the

(A) Fundamental duties under Constitution

(B) Preamble to the Constitution

(D) Right to religion under Constitution

✓ Correct Answer: (B) Preamble to the Constitution

📌 Additional Information

The Preamble of the Indian Constitution promises "Justice — social, economic and political" to all citizens.
Social justice refers to the removal of inequalities based on caste, gender, religion, etc.
The Preamble was adopted on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950.
The Preamble is based on the "Objectives Resolution" moved by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1946.
It is considered a part of the basic structure of the Constitution.

Q28. "Basic structure" doctrine has been declared by the Supreme Court in

(A) Ajay Hasia Case

(B) R. D. Shetty Case

(D) Valsama Case

✓ Correct Answer: (C) Keshavananda Bharati Case

📌 Additional Information

The Keshavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) case established the Basic Structure Doctrine.
The case was decided by a 13-judge bench — the largest in Indian judicial history.
The verdict was 7:6, holding that Parliament cannot alter the basic structure of the Constitution.
The doctrine limits the amending power of Parliament under Article 368.
Key basic features include: Supremacy of the Constitution, Rule of law, Judicial review, Federalism, Secularism, Democracy etc.

Q29. The "right to know" is contained in Constitution of India in

(A) Article 14

(B) Article 19(1)(c)

(D) Article 19(1)(a)

✓ Correct Answer: (D) Article 19(1)(a)

📌 Additional Information

Article 19(1)(a) guarantees the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression.
The "Right to Know" has been interpreted as a part of this freedom by the Supreme Court.
This interpretation was affirmed in Romesh Thappar v. State of Madras (1950) and later cases.
The Right to Information Act, 2005 is a statutory manifestation of the Right to Know.
Other freedoms under Article 19 include: assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.

Q30. "Women and Children" are protected under the Constitution of India in

(A) Article 15(3)

(B) Article 14(1)

(D) Article 15(1)

✓ Correct Answer: (A) Article 15(3)

📌 Additional Information

Article 15(3) empowers the State to make special provisions for women and children.
This is an exception to the general prohibition of discrimination under Article 15(1).
Under this provision, laws like the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 have been enacted.
Article 15(1) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws.

Q31. The President shall be elected by the

(A) Member of Electoral College

(B) Member of Lok Sabha

(D) None of the above

✓ Correct Answer: (A) Members of the Electoral College

📌 Additional Information

The President of India is elected by an Electoral College consisting of:
Elected members of both Houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)
Elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of States and Union Territories (Delhi and Puducherry)
Nominated members do not participate in the election.
The election is held through Proportional Representation by Single Transferable Vote system (Article 55).

Q39. By which Constitutional Amendment GST has been introduced in India?

(A) 100th Amendment

(B) 105th Amendment

(D) 101st Amendment

✓ Correct Answer: (D) 101st Amendment

📌 Additional Information

The 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016 introduced the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India.
GST came into effect on 1 July 2017.
It introduced Article 246A and Article 279A in the Constitution.
GST replaced multiple indirect taxes like VAT, Service Tax, Excise Duty, Octroi etc.
The GST Council was constituted under Article 279A to make recommendations on GST matters.

Q40. Anti-defection law under the Constitution of India is elaborated in

(A) 10th Schedule

(B) 9th Schedule

(D) 7th Schedule

✓ Correct Answer: (A) 10th Schedule

📌 Additional Information

The Anti-Defection Law is contained in the 10th Schedule of the Constitution.
It was added by the 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985.
It deals with disqualification of Members of Parliament and State Legislatures on grounds of defection.
The Presiding Officer (Speaker/Chairman) decides on matters of disqualification.
The 91st Amendment (2003) limited the size of the Council of Ministers and made defection rules stricter.

WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary 2012 (2nd Shift) 8 Questions

Q6. Which party-led government became the first civilian government in Pakistan to last for 5 years?

(A) Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan

(B) Pakistan People's Party

(D) Pakistan Muslim League

✓ Correct Answer: (B) Pakistan People's Party

📌 Additional Information

The Pakistan People's Party (PPP) government under Asif Ali Zardari completed a full 5-year term (2008–2013).
This was the first time in Pakistan's history that a civilian government completed its full tenure.
PPP was founded by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1967.
The party's ideology is based on Islamic socialism and social democracy.
Pakistan Muslim League (N) under Nawaz Sharif later also completed a full term (2013–2018).

Q61. Which Parliamentary Committee considers matters of procedure and conduct of business?

(A) The Rules Committee

(B) Business Advisory Committee

(D) Financial Committees

✓ Correct Answer: (A) The Rules Committee

📌 Additional Information

The Rules Committee of Parliament considers matters of procedure and conduct of business in the Houses.
It recommends amendments to the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business.
The Business Advisory Committee plans and regulates the legislative business of the House.
Financial Committees include the Public Accounts Committee (PAC), Estimates Committee, and Committee on Public Undertakings.
Ad Hoc Committees are temporary committees constituted for specific purposes.

Q65. The Supreme Court consists of

(A) One Chief Justice and 18 other Judges

(B) One Chief Justice and 25 other Judges

(D) One Chief Justice and 30 other Judges

✓ Correct Answer: (D) One Chief Justice and 30 other Judges

📌 Additional Information

At the time of the 2012 exam, the Supreme Court consisted of 1 Chief Justice and 30 other judges (total 31).
Currently, the Supreme Court has a sanctioned strength of 34 judges (1 CJI + 33 others).
The strength is determined by Parliament through legislation.
The Chief Justice of India is appointed by the President under Article 124.
The Supreme Court was established on 28 January 1950.

Q69. Article 309 empowers Parliament and State Legislatures

(A) To regulate the recruitment and conditions of service of the Public Services of the Union and the States respectively

(B) To deal with powers and duties of the Comptroller and Auditor General

(D) To regulate Income-Tax Officers (Class 1) Service

✓ Correct Answer: (A) To regulate the recruitment and conditions of service of the Public Services of the Union and the States respectively

📌 Additional Information

Article 309 empowers Parliament and State Legislatures to regulate the recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to public services.
This includes services under the Union Government and State Governments.
The President or Governor may make rules under this Article until legislation is enacted.
Article 310 deals with the doctrine of pleasure for civil servants.
Article 311 provides safeguards against arbitrary dismissal of civil servants.

Q73. When can ordinances be issued by the President?

(A) When Parliament is not in session

(B) During emergency

(D) None of the above

✓ Correct Answer: (A) When Parliament is not in session

📌 Additional Information

Under Article 123, the President can promulgate ordinances when Parliament is not in session.
An ordinance has the same force and effect as an Act of Parliament.
It must be approved by Parliament within 6 weeks of reassembly.
The ordinance-making power is a legislative power of the executive.
The Governor has similar ordinance-making power under Article 213 for state matters.

Q77. Article 14 of the Constitution of India ensures

(A) Equality before the law and equal protection of the laws

(B) Right to freedom

(D) Right to constitutional remedies

✓ Correct Answer: (A) Equality before the law and equal protection of the laws

📌 Additional Information

Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.
It is a part of the Right to Equality (Articles 14–18).
"Equality before law" is a British concept, while "equal protection of laws" is taken from the US Constitution.
It permits reasonable classification but prohibits arbitrary discrimination.
Rule of Law is an integral part of Article 14.

Q80. The Muslim Brotherhood is the political organisation of which country?

(A) Tunisia

(B) Egypt

(D) Saudi Arabia

✓ Correct Answer: (B) Egypt

📌 Additional Information

The Muslim Brotherhood was founded in Egypt in 1928 by Hassan al-Banna.
It is one of the oldest and most influential Islamist political organizations in the Arab world.
The group has been banned in Egypt since 2013 after the ouster of President Mohamed Morsi.
Its ideology combines Islamic principles with political activism.
It has influenced similar movements in several Middle Eastern and North African countries.

Q81. Right to Freedom is ensured in the Indian Constitution under Article ______.

(A) 23

(B) 25

(D) 19

✓ Correct Answer: (D) 19

📌 Additional Information

Article 19 guarantees six fundamental freedoms to citizens:
Freedom of speech and expression — Article 19(1)(a)
Freedom of assembly — Article 19(1)(b)
Freedom of association — Article 19(1)(c)
Freedom of movement — Article 19(1)(d)
Freedom of residence — Article 19(1)(e)
Freedom of profession — Article 19(1)(g)
Article 23 deals with prohibition of human trafficking and forced labour. Article 25 deals with freedom of religion. Article 18 deals with abolition of titles.

📚 WBPSC মিসলেনিয়াস প্রিলিমিনারি বিগত বছরের প্রশ্ন — ভারতীয় রাজনীতি (Indian Polity)

সম্পূর্ণ Polity PYQ বিশ্লেষণ WBPSC এবং পশ্চিমবঙ্গের অন্যান্য সরকারি পরীক্ষার জন্য

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ WBPSC Miscellaneous exams, WBCS, WBPSC CLERKSHIP, WBPSC Motor Vehicle Exams, WBP SI, WBP Constable, Kolkata Police SI, Kolkata Police Constable, এবং পশ্চিমবঙ্গের অন্যান্য সমস্ত সরকারি পরীক্ষার জন্য।

এখানে আমরা আলোচনা করব WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year এর সমস্ত Polity প্রশ্ন। ছাত্রছাত্রীরা উপকৃত হবে। তাহলে চলুন শুরু করি।

WBPSC মিসলেনিয়াস প্রিলিমিনারি ২০২৩ ৪টি প্রশ্ন

প্রশ্ন ৬২। ভারতের প্রথম মহিলা মুখ্যমন্ত্রী কে ছিলেন?

A. প্রতিভা পাতিল

B. পদ্মজা নাইডু

C. সুচেতা কৃপালানি

D. অমৃত কৌর

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: C. সুচেতা কৃপালানি

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

সুচেতা কৃপালানি ভারতের প্রথম মহিলা মুখ্যমন্ত্রী ছিলেন, তিনি উত্তরপ্রদেশের মুখ্যমন্ত্রী (১৯৬৩–১৯৬৭) হিসেবে দায়িত্ব পালন করেন।
তিনি একজন বিশিষ্ট স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামী এবং সংবিধান সভার সদস্য ছিলেন।
তিনি আচার্য জে.বি. কৃপালানি-র সহধর্মিণী ছিলেন।
তিনি নয়াদিল্লি লোকসভা কেন্দ্র থেকে সাংসদ ছিলেন।
১৯৪০ সালে তিনি সারা ভারত মহিলা কংগ্রেস প্রতিষ্ঠা করেন।

📖 অন্যান্য ব্যক্তিত্ব: প্রতিভা পাতিল — ভারতের প্রথম মহিলা রাষ্ট্রপতি (২০০৭–২০১২); পদ্মজা নাইডু — পশ্চিমবঙ্গের রাজ্যপাল (১৯৫৬–১৯৬৭); অমৃত কৌর — ভারতের প্রথম স্বাস্থ্যমন্ত্রী (১৯৪৭–১৯৫৭)।

প্রশ্ন ৭০। ভারতের প্রথম রাষ্ট্রপতি যিনি পদে থাকাকালীন মৃত্যুবরণ করেন—

A. ভি.ভি. গিরি

B. ফখরুদ্দিন আলি আহমেদ

C. জাকির হুসেন

D. নীলম সঞ্জীব রেড্ডি

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: C. জাকির হুসেন

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

ড. জাকির হুসেন ছিলেন ভারতের তৃতীয় রাষ্ট্রপতি (১৯৬৭–১৯৬৯) এবং তিনিই প্রথম রাষ্ট্রপতি যিনি ৩ মে ১৯৬৯ তারিখে পদে থাকাকালীন মৃত্যুবরণ করেন।
তিনি ভারতের প্রথম মুসলিম রাষ্ট্রপতি ছিলেন।
তিনি ১৯৬২ থেকে ১৯৬৭ পর্যন্ত উপরাষ্ট্রপতি ছিলেন।
তিনি জামিয়া মিলিয়া ইসলামিয়া বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের সহ-প্রতিষ্ঠাতা ছিলেন।
১৯৬৩ সালে তিনি ভারতরত্ন সম্মানে ভূষিত হন।

📖 অন্যান্য: ভি.ভি. গিরি — চতুর্থ রাষ্ট্রপতি (১৯৬৯–১৯৭৪); ফখরুদ্দিন আলি আহমেদ — পঞ্চম রাষ্ট্রপতি (১৯৭৪–১৯৭৭), তিনিও পদে থাকাকালীন মারা যান; নীলম সঞ্জীব রেড্ডি — ষষ্ঠ রাষ্ট্রপতি (১৯৭৭–১৯৮২)।

প্রশ্ন ৮৫। নিম্নলিখিত ভারতের প্রধানমন্ত্রীদের মধ্যে কে দীর্ঘতম সময় ধরে প্রধানমন্ত্রী ছিলেন?

A. ইন্দিরা গান্ধী

B. রাজীব গান্ধী

C. জওহরলাল নেহেরু

D. মনমোহন সিং

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: C. জওহরলাল নেহেরু

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

জওহরলাল নেহেরু ১৫ আগস্ট ১৯৪৭ থেকে ২৭ মে ১৯৬৪ পর্যন্ত প্রধানমন্ত্রী ছিলেন — প্রায় ১৬ বছর ২৮৬ দিন।
তিনি স্বাধীন ভারতের প্রথম প্রধানমন্ত্রী ছিলেন।
তিনি আধুনিক ভারতের স্থপতি এবং "মিশ্র অর্থনীতি (Mixed Economy)" ধারণার প্রবক্তা।
তিনি "দ্য ডিসকভারি অফ ইন্ডিয়া" এবং "গ্লিম্পসেস অফ ওয়ার্ল্ড হিস্ট্রি" রচনা করেন।
১৯৫৫ সালে তিনি ভারতরত্ন সম্মানে ভূষিত হন।

📖 অন্যান্য: ইন্দিরা গান্ধী — প্রায় ১৫ বছর (২ মেয়াদ); রাজীব গান্ধী — ৫ বছর; মনমোহন সিং — ১০ বছর (২০০৪–২০১৪)।

প্রশ্ন ৮৬। ভারতের 'লুক ইস্ট পলিসি (Look East Policy)' প্রণয়নের সময় ভারতের প্রধানমন্ত্রী কে ছিলেন?

A. আই. কে. গুজরাল

B. এইচ. ডি. দেবগৌড়া

C. অটল বিহারী বাজপেয়ী

D. পি. ভি. নরসিমা রাও

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: D. পি. ভি. নরসিমা রাও

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

লুক ইস্ট পলিসি (Look East Policy) ১৯৯১ সালে প্রধানমন্ত্রী পি. ভি. নরসিমা রাও-এর অধীনে চালু হয়।
এর লক্ষ্য ছিল দক্ষিণ-পূর্ব এশিয়ার দেশগুলির সাথে অর্থনৈতিক ও কৌশলগত সম্পর্ক জোরদার করা।
পি. ভি. নরসিমা রাও ১৯৯১ থেকে ১৯৯৬ পর্যন্ত প্রধানমন্ত্রী ছিলেন।
তিনি "ভারতীয় অর্থনৈতিক সংস্কারের জনক" নামে পরিচিত — ১৯৯১ সালে LPG (উদারীকরণ, বেসরকারিকরণ, বিশ্বায়ন) সংস্কার চালু করেন।
তিনি দক্ষিণ ভারত থেকে প্রথম প্রধানমন্ত্রী ছিলেন।

📖 অন্যান্য: আই.কে. গুজরাল — প্রধানমন্ত্রী ১৯৯৭–৯৮, গুজরাল ডকট্রিন; এইচ.ডি. দেবগৌড়া — প্রধানমন্ত্রী ১৯৯৬–৯৭; অটল বিহারী বাজপেয়ী — প্রধানমন্ত্রী ১৯৯৬, ১৯৯৮–২০০৪।

WBPSC মিসলেনিয়াস প্রিলিমিনারি ২০১৮ ৮টি প্রশ্ন

প্রশ্ন ২৬। ভারতের সংবিধানের প্রস্তাবনায় 'ধর্মনিরপেক্ষতা (Secularism)' ধারণাটি যুক্ত করা হয়েছিল

(A) ৪২তম সংশোধনী

(B) ৪৪তম সংশোধনী

(D) ২৩তম সংশোধনী

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) ৪২তম সংশোধনী

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

৪২তম সংবিধান সংশোধনী আইন, ১৯৭৬ প্রস্তাবনায় "ধর্মনিরপেক্ষ (Secular)", "সমাজতান্ত্রিক (Socialist)" এবং "অখণ্ডতা (Integrity)" শব্দগুলি যোগ করে।
এটি ইন্দিরা গান্ধীর সরকারের জরুরি অবস্থার (Emergency) সময় পাস হয়েছিল।
ব্যাপক পরিবর্তনের কারণে এটি "মিনি সংবিধান (Mini Constitution)" নামেও পরিচিত।
মূল প্রস্তাবনায় ভারতকে "সার্বভৌম গণতান্ত্রিক প্রজাতন্ত্র" বলা হত; সংশোধনীর পর এটি "সার্বভৌম সমাজতান্ত্রিক ধর্মনিরপেক্ষ গণতান্ত্রিক প্রজাতন্ত্র" হয়।
৪৪তম সংশোধনী (১৯৭৮) ৪২তম সংশোধনীর কিছু বিধান বাতিল করে।

প্রশ্ন ২৭। সামাজিক ন্যায়বিচার (Social Justice) ধারণাটি কোনটির অবিচ্ছেদ্য অংশ?

(A) সংবিধানের মৌলিক কর্তব্য

(B) সংবিধানের প্রস্তাবনা

(D) সংবিধানের ধর্মের অধিকার

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) সংবিধানের প্রস্তাবনা

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

ভারতীয় সংবিধানের প্রস্তাবনা (Preamble) সকল নাগরিকের জন্য "ন্যায়বিচার — সামাজিক, অর্থনৈতিক এবং রাজনৈতিক" প্রতিশ্রুতি দেয়।
সামাজিক ন্যায়বিচার (Social Justice) অর্থ বর্ণ, লিঙ্গ, ধর্ম ইত্যাদির ভিত্তিতে বৈষম্য দূরীকরণ।
প্রস্তাবনাটি ২৬ নভেম্বর ১৯৪৯ তারিখে গৃহীত হয় এবং ২৬ জানুয়ারি ১৯৫০ থেকে কার্যকর হয়।
প্রস্তাবনাটি ১৯৪৬ সালে জওহরলাল নেহেরুর উত্থাপিত "উদ্দেশ্য প্রস্তাব (Objectives Resolution)"-এর উপর ভিত্তি করে তৈরি।
এটি সংবিধানের মৌলিক কাঠামোর (Basic Structure) অংশ হিসেবে বিবেচিত।

প্রশ্ন ২৮। "মৌলিক কাঠামো (Basic Structure)" মতবাদটি সুপ্রিম কোর্ট কোন মামলায় ঘোষণা করেছে?

(A) অজয় হাসিয়া মামলা

(B) আর. ডি. শেঠি মামলা

(D) ভালসামা মামলা

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (C) কেশবানন্দ ভারতী মামলা

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

কেশবানন্দ ভারতী বনাম কেরালা রাজ্য (১৯৭৩) মামলায় মৌলিক কাঠামো মতবাদ (Basic Structure Doctrine) প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়।
এই মামলাটি ১৩ বিচারপতির বেঞ্চ দ্বারা শুনানি হয় — ভারতীয় বিচার ইতিহাসে বৃহত্তম।
রায় ছিল ৭:৬, যেখানে বলা হয় সংসদ সংবিধানের মৌলিক কাঠামো পরিবর্তন করতে পারে না।
এই মতবাদ ৩৬৮ নং ধারার অধীনে সংসদের সংশোধনী ক্ষমতাকে সীমিত করে।
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ মৌলিক বৈশিষ্ট্য: সংবিধানের আধিপত্য, আইনের শাসন (Rule of Law), বিচারিক পর্যালোচনা (Judicial Review), যুক্তরাষ্ট্রীয়তা (Federalism), ধর্মনিরপেক্ষতা (Secularism), গণতন্ত্র (Democracy) ইত্যাদি।

প্রশ্ন ২৯। ভারতের সংবিধানে "জানার অধিকার (Right to Know)" কোন ধারায় অন্তর্ভুক্ত?

(A) ১৪ নং ধারা

(B) ১৯(১)(গ) ধারা

(D) ১৯(১)(ক) ধারা

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) ১৯(১)(ক) ধারা

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

১৯(১)(ক) ধারা বাক ও মত প্রকাশের স্বাধীনতার (Freedom of Speech and Expression) অধিকার প্রদান করে।
সুপ্রিম কোর্ট এই স্বাধীনতার অংশ হিসেবে "জানার অধিকার (Right to Know)"-কে ব্যাখ্যা করেছে।
এই ব্যাখ্যা রমেশ থাপ্পর বনাম মাদ্রাজ রাজ্য (১৯৫০) এবং পরবর্তী মামলায় নিশ্চিত হয়।
তথ্য অধিকার আইন, ২০০৫ (Right to Information Act, 2005) জানার অধিকারের বিধিবদ্ধ প্রকাশ।
১৯ নং ধারার অন্যান্য স্বাধীনতা: সমাবেশ, সংগঠন, চলাফেরা, বসবাস এবং পেশা।

প্রশ্ন ৩০। ভারতের সংবিধানে "নারী ও শিশু" কোন ধারায় সুরক্ষিত?

(A) ১৫(৩) ধারা

(B) ১৪(১) ধারা

(D) ১৫(১) ধারা

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) ১৫(৩) ধারা

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

১৫(৩) ধারা রাষ্ট্রকে নারী ও শিশুদের জন্য বিশেষ বিধান (Special Provisions for Women and Children) প্রণয়নের ক্ষমতা দেয়।
এটি ১৫(১) ধারার সাধারণ বৈষম্য নিষেধের একটি ব্যতিক্রম।
এই বিধানের অধীনে মাতৃত্বকালীন সুবিধা আইন, ১৯৬১ এবং পকসো আইন, ২০১২ (POCSO Act, 2012) প্রণীত হয়েছে।
১৫(১) ধারা ধর্ম, বর্ণ, লিঙ্গ বা জন্মস্থানের ভিত্তিতে বৈষম্য নিষিদ্ধ করে।
১৪ নং ধারা আইনের দৃষ্টিতে সমতা এবং আইনের সমান সুরক্ষা নিশ্চিত করে।

প্রশ্ন ৩১। রাষ্ট্রপতি নির্বাচিত হবেন

(A) নির্বাচনী কলেজের (Electoral College) সদস্যদের দ্বারা

(B) লোকসভার সদস্যদের দ্বারা

(D) উপরের কোনোটিই নয়

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) নির্বাচনী কলেজের সদস্যদের দ্বারা

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

ভারতের রাষ্ট্রপতি একটি নির্বাচনী কলেজ (Electoral College) দ্বারা নির্বাচিত হন যার মধ্যে রয়েছে:
সংসদের উভয় কক্ষের (লোকসভা ও রাজ্যসভা) নির্বাচিত সদস্যরা
রাজ্য এবং কেন্দ্রশাসিত অঞ্চলগুলির (দিল্লি ও পুদুচেরি) বিধানসভার নির্বাচিত সদস্যরা
মনোনীত সদস্যরা নির্বাচনে অংশগ্রহণ করেন না।
নির্বাচন একক হস্তান্তরযোগ্য ভোট দ্বারা সমানুপাতিক প্রতিনিধিত্ব পদ্ধতিতে অনুষ্ঠিত হয় (৫৫ নং ধারা)।

প্রশ্ন ৩৯। কোন সংবিধান সংশোধনীর মাধ্যমে ভারতে GST চালু করা হয়েছে?

(A) ১০০তম সংশোধনী

(B) ১০৫তম সংশোধনী

(D) ১০১তম সংশোধনী

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) ১০১তম সংশোধনী

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

১০১তম সংবিধান সংশোধনী আইন, ২০১৬ ভারতে পণ্য ও পরিষেবা কর (GST - Goods and Services Tax) চালু করে।
GST ১ জুলাই ২০১৭ থেকে কার্যকর হয়।
এটি সংবিধানে ২৪৬ক ধারা এবং ২৭৯ক ধারা যুক্ত করে।
GST ভ্যাট, পরিষেবা কর, আবগারি শুল্ক, অকট্রয় ইত্যাদি একাধিক পরোক্ষ কর প্রতিস্থাপন করে।
GST কাউন্সিল ২৭৯ক ধারার অধীনে GST বিষয়ে সুপারিশ করার জন্য গঠিত হয়।

প্রশ্ন ৪০। ভারতের সংবিধানে দলত্যাগ বিরোধী আইন (Anti-defection Law) কোন তফসিলে বর্ণিত?

(A) ১০ম তফসিল

(B) ৯ম তফসিল

(D) ৭ম তফসিল

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) ১০ম তফসিল

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

দলত্যাগ বিরোধী আইন (Anti-defection Law) সংবিধানের ১০ম তফসিলে অন্তর্ভুক্ত।
এটি ৫২তম সংবিধান সংশোধনী আইন, ১৯৮৫ দ্বারা যুক্ত করা হয়।
এটি দলত্যাগের ভিত্তিতে সংসদ ও রাজ্য বিধানসভার সদস্যদের অযোগ্যতা নিয়ে আলোচনা করে।
পীঠস্থানীয় কর্মকর্তা (স্পিকার/চেয়ারম্যান) অযোগ্যতার বিষয়ে সিদ্ধান্ত নেন।
৯১তম সংশোধনী (২০০৩) মন্ত্রী পরিষদের আকার সীমিত করে এবং দলত্যাগের নিয়ম কঠোর করে।

WBPSC মিসলেনিয়াস প্রিলিমিনারি ২০১২ (Second Shift / দ্বিতীয় পালা) ৮টি প্রশ্ন

প্রশ্ন ৬। কোন দল-নেতৃত্বাধীন সরকার পাকিস্তানের প্রথম বেসামরিক সরকার হিসেবে ৫ বছর পূর্ণ করতে সক্ষম হয়েছিল?

(A) জমিয়ত উলেমা-ই-পাকিস্তান

(B) পাকিস্তান পিপলস পার্টি

(D) পাকিস্তান মুসলিম লীগ

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) পাকিস্তান পিপলস পার্টি

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

আসিফ আলি জারদারির নেতৃত্বে পাকিস্তান পিপলস পার্টি (PPP) সরকার ৫ বছর (২০০৮–২০১৩) পূর্ণ মেয়াদ সম্পন্ন করে।
পাকিস্তানের ইতিহাসে প্রথমবারের মতো একটি বেসামরিক সরকার তাদের পূর্ণ মেয়াদ সম্পন্ন করে।
PPP জুলফিকার আলি ভুট্টো ১৯৬৭ সালে প্রতিষ্ঠা করেন।
দলের আদর্শ ইসলামি সমাজতন্ত্র এবং সামাজিক গণতন্ত্রের উপর ভিত্তি করে।
পরে নওয়াজ শরিফের নেতৃত্বে পাকিস্তান মুসলিম লীগ (N)-ও পূর্ণ মেয়াদ সম্পন্ন করে (২০১৩–২০১৮)।

প্রশ্ন ৬১। কোন সংসদীয় কমিটি কার্যপ্রণালী ও কার্য পরিচালনার বিষয় বিবেচনা করে?

(A) রুলস কমিটি

(B) বিজনেস অ্যাডভাইজরি কমিটি

(D) ফাইন্যান্সিয়াল কমিটি

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) রুলস কমিটি

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

সংসদের রুলস কমিটি (Rules Committee) কক্ষগুলির কার্যপ্রণালী ও কার্য পরিচালনার বিষয় বিবেচনা করে।
এটি কার্যপ্রণালী ও কার্য পরিচালনার নিয়মাবলী সংশোধনের সুপারিশ করে।
বিজনেস অ্যাডভাইজরি কমিটি (Business Advisory Committee) কক্ষের আইনী কার্যক্রম পরিকল্পনা ও নিয়ন্ত্রণ করে।
ফাইন্যান্সিয়াল কমিটির (Financial Committees) মধ্যে রয়েছে পাবলিক অ্যাকাউন্টস কমিটি (PAC), এস্টিমেটস কমিটি, এবং পাবলিক আন্ডারটেকিংস কমিটি।
অ্যাডহক কমিটি (Ad Hoc Committee) নির্দিষ্ট উদ্দেশ্যে গঠিত অস্থায়ী কমিটি।

প্রশ্ন ৬৫। সুপ্রিম কোর্ট গঠিত হয়

(A) একজন প্রধান বিচারপতি এবং ১৮ জন অন্যান্য বিচারপতি

(B) একজন প্রধান বিচারপতি এবং ২৫ জন অন্যান্য বিচারপতি

(D) একজন প্রধান বিচারপতি এবং ৩০ জন অন্যান্য বিচারপতি

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) একজন প্রধান বিচারপতি এবং ৩০ জন অন্যান্য বিচারপতি

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

২০১২ সালের পরীক্ষার সময়, সুপ্রিম কোর্ট ১ জন প্রধান বিচারপতি এবং ৩০ জন অন্যান্য বিচারপতি (মোট ৩১) নিয়ে গঠিত ছিল।
বর্তমানে সুপ্রিম কোর্টের অনুমোদিত বিচারপতির সংখ্যা ৩৪ জন (১ জন প্রধান বিচারপতি + ৩৩ জন অন্যান্য)।
বিচারপতির সংখ্যা সংসদ আইন দ্বারা নির্ধারণ করে।
ভারতের প্রধান বিচারপতি ১২৪ নং ধারার অধীনে রাষ্ট্রপতি দ্বারা নিযুক্ত হন।
সুপ্রিম কোর্ট ২৮ জানুয়ারি ১৯৫০ তারিখে প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়।

প্রশ্ন ৬৯। ৩০৯ নং ধারা সংসদ এবং রাজ্য বিধানসভাকে ক্ষমতা দেয়

(A) যথাক্রমে কেন্দ্র ও রাজ্যের জনসেবার নিয়োগ ও চাকরির শর্ত নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে

(B) নিয়ন্ত্রক ও মহা-নিরীক্ষকের ক্ষমতা ও কর্তব্য নিয়ে কাজ করতে

(D) আয়কর অফিসার (শ্রেণি ১) পরিষেবা নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) যথাক্রমে কেন্দ্র ও রাজ্যের জনসেবার নিয়োগ ও চাকরির শর্ত নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

৩০৯ নং ধারা সংসদ ও রাজ্য বিধানসভাকে জনসেবায় নিযুক্ত ব্যক্তিদের নিয়োগ ও চাকরির শর্ত (Recruitment and Conditions of Service) নিয়ন্ত্রণের ক্ষমতা দেয়।
এর মধ্যে কেন্দ্র সরকার এবং রাজ্য সরকারের অধীন পরিষেবাগুলি অন্তর্ভুক্ত।
আইন প্রণয়নের আগে রাষ্ট্রপতি বা রাজ্যপাল এই ধারার অধীনে নিয়ম তৈরি করতে পারেন।
৩১০ নং ধারা সরকারি কর্মচারীদের জন্য ইচ্ছাধীনতার মতবাদ (Doctrine of Pleasure) নিয়ে আলোচনা করে।
৩১১ নং ধারা সরকারি কর্মচারীদের স্বেচ্ছাচারী বরখাস্তের বিরুদ্ধে সুরক্ষা প্রদান করে।

প্রশ্ন ৭৩। রাষ্ট্রপতি কখন অধ্যাদেশ জারি করতে পারেন?

(A) যখন সংসদ অধিবেশনে নেই

(B) জরুরি অবস্থার সময়

(D) উপরের কোনোটিই নয়

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) যখন সংসদ অধিবেশনে নেই

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

১২৩ নং ধারার অধীনে, রাষ্ট্রপতি যখন সংসদ অধিবেশনে থাকে না তখন অধ্যাদেশ জারি করতে পারেন।
একটি অধ্যাদেশের সংসদের আইনের মতোই বল ও প্রভাব রয়েছে।
পুনরায় সমবেত হওয়ার ৬ সপ্তাহের মধ্যে সংসদ কর্তৃক অনুমোদিত হতে হবে।
অধ্যাদেশ প্রণয়নের ক্ষমতা নির্বাহী বিভাগের একটি আইনী ক্ষমতা (Legislative Power)।
রাজ্যের ক্ষেত্রে রাজ্যপালেরও ২১৩ নং ধারার অধীনে অনুরূপ অধ্যাদেশ প্রণয়নের ক্ষমতা রয়েছে।

প্রশ্ন ৭৭। ভারতের সংবিধানের ১৪ নং ধারা নিশ্চিত করে

(A) আইনের দৃষ্টিতে সমতা এবং আইনের সমান সুরক্ষা

(B) স্বাধীনতার অধিকার

(D) সংবিধানিক প্রতিকারের অধিকার

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) আইনের দৃষ্টিতে সমতা এবং আইনের সমান সুরক্ষা

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

১৪ নং ধারা ভারতের ভূখণ্ডে আইনের দৃষ্টিতে সমতা (Equality before the law) এবং আইনের সমান সুরক্ষা (Equal protection of the laws) নিশ্চিত করে।
এটি সমতার অধিকার (Right to Equality)-এর অংশ (১৪–১৮ নং ধারা)।
"আইনের দৃষ্টিতে সমতা" একটি ব্রিটিশ ধারণা, যেখানে "আইনের সমান সুরক্ষা" মার্কিন সংবিধান থেকে নেওয়া।
এটি যৌক্তিক শ্রেণিবিভাগের (Reasonable Classification) অনুমতি দেয় তবে স্বেচ্ছাচারী বৈষম্য নিষিদ্ধ করে।
আইনের শাসন (Rule of Law) ১৪ নং ধারার অবিচ্ছেদ্য অংশ।

প্রশ্ন ৮০। মুসলিম ব্রাদারহুড কোন দেশের রাজনৈতিক সংগঠন?

(A) তিউনিসিয়া

(B) মিশর

(D) সৌদি আরব

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) মিশর

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

মুসলিম ব্রাদারহুড (Muslim Brotherhood) ১৯২৮ সালে মিশরে (Egypt) হাসান আল-বান্না দ্বারা প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়।
এটি আরব বিশ্বের প্রাচীনতম এবং সবচেয়ে প্রভাবশালী ইসলামপন্থী রাজনৈতিক সংগঠনগুলির একটি।
২০১৩ সালে রাষ্ট্রপতি মোহাম্মদ মুরসির পতনের পর থেকে মিশরে এই সংগঠনটি নিষিদ্ধ।
এর মতাদর্শ ইসলামি নীতির সঙ্গে রাজনৈতিক সক্রিয়তার সমন্বয়।
এটি মধ্যপ্রাচ্য ও উত্তর আফ্রিকার একাধিক দেশে অনুরূপ আন্দোলনকে প্রভাবিত করেছে।

প্রশ্ন ৮১। ভারতের সংবিধানে স্বাধীনতার অধিকার (Right to Freedom) ______ ধারায় নিশ্চিত করা হয়েছে।

(A) ২৩

(B) ২৫

(D) ১৯

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) ১৯

📌 অতিরিক্ত তথ্য

১৯ নং ধারা নাগরিকদের ছয়টি মৌলিক স্বাধীনতা (Six Fundamental Freedoms) প্রদান করে:
বাক ও মত প্রকাশের স্বাধীনতা — ১৯(১)(ক) ধারা
সমাবেশের স্বাধীনতা — ১৯(১)(খ) ধারা
সংগঠনের স্বাধীনতা — ১৯(১)(গ) ধারা
চলাফেরার স্বাধীনতা — ১৯(১)(ঘ) ধারা
বসবাসের স্বাধীনতা — ১৯(১)(ঙ) ধারা
পেশার স্বাধীনতা — ১৯(১)(চ) ধারা
২৩ নং ধারা মানব পাচার ও বেগার শ্রম নিষিদ্ধ করে। ২৫ নং ধারা ধর্মের স্বাধীনতা নিয়ে আলোচনা করে। ১৮ নং ধারা উপাধি বিলোপ নিয়ে আলোচনা করে।

📝 পরীক্ষার টিপস: সংবিধানের ধারা, সংশোধনী এবং গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রাজনৈতিক ব্যক্তিত্ব-এর উপর মনোযোগ দিন। নিয়মিতভাবে প্রস্তাবনা, মৌলিক অধিকার, নির্দেশমূলক নীতি এবং সংসদীয় কমিটি পুনরায় পাঠ করুন। পরীক্ষার প্যাটার্ন এবং ঘন ঘন জিজ্ঞাসিত বিষয় বোঝার জন্য বিগত বছরের প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করুন। আপনার প্রস্তুতির জন্য শুভকামনা!

WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Questions — Books & Literature

2026-08-28T21:31:24.772+05:30

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WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Questions — Books & Literature

Important Previous Year Questions with Correct Answers & Exam-Oriented Additional Information

📖 Introduction

This article contains selected WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Questions from the Books & Literature section. Along with the original questions and options, the correct answers and important exam-oriented information have been added.

Special attention has been given to the authors mentioned in the questions and options. Important books written by them are included to help aspirants prepare for WBPSC, WBCS, SSC, RRB, PSC, Police and other competitive examinations.

🧭 Quick Navigation

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2023 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2018 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2012 — Second Shift

📘 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2023

Books & Literature — 5 Questions

Q20. Who was the author of the book ‘From Volga to Ganga’?

A. Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay

B. Ruskin Bond

C. Jerome K. Jerome

D. Rahul Sankrityayan

✓ Answer: D. Rahul Sankrityayan

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

From Volga to Ganga is an important work by Rahul Sankrityayan.
Rahul Sankrityayan is popularly known as the “Father of Hindi Travel Literature.”
He was an important Hindi writer, traveller, historian and scholar.
His writings cover travel, history, Buddhism, philosophy and culture.

Rahul Sankrityayan — Important Books:

From Volga to Ganga
Ghumakkar Shastra
Darshan-Digdarshan
Meri Jeevan Yatra
Baaisvin Sadi
Volga Se Ganga

Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay — Important Books:

Pather Panchali
Aparajito
Aranyak
Adarsha Hindu Hotel
Chander Pahar
Ichhamati

Ruskin Bond — Important Books:

The Room on the Roof
Vagrants in the Valley
Our Trees Still Grow in Dehra
Rusty, the Boy from the Hills
The Blue Umbrella
Delhi Is Not Far

Jerome K. Jerome — Important Books:

Three Men in a Boat
Three Men on the Bummel
Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow
Paul Kelver
My Life and Times
They and I

Q77. Who wrote ‘Ramcharit’?

A. Tulsidas

B. Krittibas Ojha

C. Haridas

D. Sandhyakar Nandi

✓ Answer: D. Sandhyakar Nandi

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Ramcharit was composed by Sandhyakar Nandi.
Sandhyakar Nandi was associated with the court of Ramapala of the Pala dynasty.
The work is an important source for the history of the Pala dynasty.
Remember the important pair: Sandhyakar Nandi — Ramcharit — Ramapala.

Sandhyakar Nandi:

Ramcharit
Ramacharita — Sanskrit historical kavya

Tulsidas — Important Books:

Ramcharitmanas
Vinaya Patrika
Kavitavali
Gitavali
Krishna Gitavali
Hanuman Bahuka

Krittibas Ojha — Important Work:

Krittivasi Ramayan
Known for his Bengali adaptation of the Ramayana.

Q79. Which one among the following books was authored by Franz Kafka?

A. Psychology in Everyday Life

B. The Mother

C. The Old Man and the Sea

D. The Metamorphosis

✓ Answer: D. The Metamorphosis

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

The Metamorphosis is one of Franz Kafka's best-known works.
Kafka was a German-speaking Bohemian writer.
His works are associated with themes of alienation, anxiety and bureaucracy.
The term “Kafkaesque” originates from the distinctive atmosphere of his writings.

Franz Kafka — Important Works:

The Metamorphosis
The Trial
The Castle
Amerika
In the Penal Colony
A Hunger Artist

Ernest Hemingway — Important Books:

The Old Man and the Sea
The Sun Also Rises
A Farewell to Arms
For Whom the Bell Tolls
Farewell to Arms
Green Hills of Africa

Maxim Gorky — Important Books:

The Mother
My Childhood
In the World
My Universities
The Lower Depths
Foma Gordeyev

📕 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2018

Books & Literature — 8 Questions

Q64. The author of the book ‘Anandamath’ is

(A) Bangladeshi

(B) Indian

(D) None of the above

✓ Answer: (B) Indian

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Anandamath was written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, an Indian Bengali writer.
The novel was first published in the late nineteenth century.
The song Vande Mataram is associated with Anandamath.
Bankim Chandra is regarded as one of the pioneers of modern Bengali literature.

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay — Important Books:

Anandamath
Durgeshnandini
Kapalkundala
Krishnacharitra
Devi Chaudhurani
Rajmohan's Wife

Q65. Mahatma Gandhi has written which one of the following books?

(A) Conquest of Self

(B) Crescent Moon

(D) Descent of Man

✓ Answer: (A) Conquest of Self

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Conquest of Self is associated with Mahatma Gandhi.
Gandhi's writings frequently dealt with truth, non-violence, morality and self-discipline.
The Story of My Experiments with Truth is his famous autobiography.

Mahatma Gandhi — Important Books:

The Story of My Experiments with Truth
Hind Swaraj
Constructive Programme
Satyagraha in South Africa
Key to Health
Conquest of Self

Rabindranath Tagore — Crescent Moon:

The Crescent Moon
Gitanjali
The Home and the World
Gora
Ghare-Baire
Chokher Bali

Q66. Who has authored the book “Essays on Gita”?

(A) Bankim Chandra

(B) Mahatma Gandhi

(D) Aurobindo Ghosh

✓ Answer: (D) Aurobindo Ghosh

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Essays on the Gita was written by Sri Aurobindo.
The book presents philosophical interpretations of the Bhagavad Gita.
Sri Aurobindo was an Indian philosopher, yogi, poet and nationalist.

Sri Aurobindo — Important Books:

Essays on the Gita
The Life Divine
Savitri
The Synthesis of Yoga
India's Rebirth
The Human Cycle

Bankim Chandra — Important Books:

Anandamath
Durgeshnandini
Kapalkundala
Devi Chaudhurani
Krishnacharitra
Rajmohan's Wife

Q67. The book ‘I Follow the Mahatma’ has been written by

(A) Prabhat Kumar

(B) K. M. Munshi

(D) Shoba Dey

✓ Answer: (B) K. M. Munshi

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

K. M. Munshi was an Indian independence activist, writer and educationist.
He was one of the founders of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
He wrote extensively in Gujarati and English.

K. M. Munshi — Important Books:

Krishnavatara
Prithvi Vallabh
Jay Somnath
Patan Ni Prabhuta
Gujarat and Its Literature
I Follow the Mahatma

Dr. Rajendra Prasad — Important Works:

India Divided
Atmakatha
Satyagraha at Champaran
Bapu Ke Kadmon Mein
Mahātmā Gandhi and Bihar

Q68. Who has written the book ‘Jurassic Park’?

(A) Michael Crichton

(B) Walter Scott

(D) D. H. Lorence

✓ Answer: (A) Michael Crichton

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Jurassic Park was written by American author Michael Crichton.
The novel was published in 1990.
Crichton was also a physician, filmmaker and screenwriter.

Michael Crichton — Important Books:

Jurassic Park
The Lost World
The Andromeda Strain
Congo
Sphere
Airframe

Walter Scott — Important Books:

Ivanhoe
Waverley
Rob Roy
The Heart of Mid-Lothian
The Lady of the Lake
Quentin Durward

Robert Louis Stevenson — Important Books:

Treasure Island
Kidnapped
Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
Black Arrow
David Balfour
A Child's Garden of Verses

Q69. ‘Long Walk to Freedom’ book has been written by an author of which of the following countries?

(A) India

(B) France

(D) South Africa

✓ Answer: (D) South Africa

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Long Walk to Freedom is the autobiography of Nelson Mandela.
Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader.
He became the first democratically elected President of South Africa.
He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 jointly with F. W. de Klerk.

Nelson Mandela — Important Works:

Long Walk to Freedom
Dare Not Linger
Conversations with Myself
Nelson Mandela by Himself
In His Own Words
Mandela's Way

Q70. ‘The Road Ahead’ book is authored by

(A) P. B. Shelly

(B) John Keats

(D) Paul Roberts

✓ Answer: (C) Bill Gates

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

The Road Ahead was written by Bill Gates.
The book discusses the future of technology and the digital revolution.
Bill Gates is the co-founder of Microsoft.

Bill Gates — Important Books:

The Road Ahead
Business @ the Speed of Thought
How to Avoid a Climate Disaster
How to Prevent the Next Pandemic
Source Code

P. B. Shelley — Important Works:

Prometheus Unbound
Adonais
Ode to the West Wind
To a Skylark
The Cenci
Queen Mab

John Keats — Important Works:

Ode to a Nightingale
Ode on a Grecian Urn
Endymion
To Autumn
La Belle Dame sans Merci
Hyperion

Q71. Who has written the book “The Rights of Man”?

(A) Plato

(B) Thomas Paine

(D) John Lock

✓ Answer: (B) Thomas Paine

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

The Rights of Man was written by Thomas Paine.
The work was published in two parts in the late eighteenth century.
Thomas Paine was an important political thinker associated with the American and French Revolutions.

Thomas Paine — Important Books:

The Rights of Man
Common Sense
The Age of Reason
The American Crisis
A Letter Addressed to the Abbe Raynal
A Serious Address to the People of Pennsylvania

Plato — Important Works:

The Republic
The Symposium
The Apology
The Laws
Phaedo
Timaeus

Aristotle — Important Works:

Politics
Nicomachean Ethics
Poetics
Metaphysics
On the Soul
Rhetoric

📗 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2012 — Second Shift

Literature — 11 Questions

Q9. Who wrote ‘A Haunted House’?

(A) Bret Harte

(B) James Joyce

(D) Virginia Woolf

✓ Answer: (D) Virginia Woolf

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

A Haunted House is a short story by Virginia Woolf.
Virginia Woolf was a major English modernist writer.
She was associated with the Bloomsbury Group.

Virginia Woolf — Important Books:

Mrs Dalloway
To the Lighthouse
Orlando
A Room of One's Own
The Waves
Jacob's Room

James Joyce — Important Books:

Ulysses
Dubliners
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Finnegans Wake
Exiles
Stephen Hero

Thomas Hardy — Important Books:

Tess of the d'Urbervilles
Far from the Madding Crowd
The Mayor of Casterbridge
Jude the Obscure
The Return of the Native
Under the Greenwood Tree

Bret Harte — Important Books:

The Luck of Roaring Camp
The Outcasts of Poker Flat
Tennessee's Partner
Gabriel Conroy
Tales of the Gold Rush

Q12. Which one is written by Kalidasa?

(A) Kadambari

(B) Harsacharita

(D) Raghu-Vangsha

✓ Answer: (D) Raghu-Vangsha

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Raghuvamsha is a famous Sanskrit mahakavya by Kalidasa.
Kalidasa is one of the greatest classical Sanskrit poets and dramatists.
His famous drama Abhijnanashakuntalam is an important examination topic.

Kalidasa — Important Works:

Raghuvamsha
Kumarasambhava
Abhijnanashakuntalam
Meghaduta
Malavikagnimitram
Vikramorvashiyam

Banabhatta — Important Works:

Harshacharita
Kadambari

Jayadeva — Important Work:

Gita Govinda

Q15. ‘Crime and Punishment’ was written by

(A) Henry James

(B) Joseph Conrad

(D) Boris Pasternak

✓ Answer: (C) Dostoevsky

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Crime and Punishment was written by Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky.
The novel explores guilt, morality, crime and redemption.
Dostoevsky is regarded as one of the greatest Russian novelists.

Fyodor Dostoevsky — Important Books:

Crime and Punishment
The Brothers Karamazov
The Idiot
Demons
Notes from Underground
The Gambler

Henry James — Important Books:

The Portrait of a Lady
The Turn of the Screw
The Ambassadors
The Wings of the Dove
Daisy Miller
What Maisie Knew

Joseph Conrad — Important Books:

Heart of Darkness
Lord Jim
Nostromo
The Secret Agent
Victory
Under Western Eyes

Boris Pasternak — Important Books:

Doctor Zhivago
My Sister—Life
Safe Conduct
Spektorsky
An Essay in Autobiography

Q22. Who composed the book ‘Aatmaghati Bangalee’?

(A) Nirad C. Chowdhury

(B) Annandashankar Ray

(D) Sukanta Chowdhury

✓ Answer: (B) Annandashankar Ray

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Aatmaghati Bangalee is associated with Annadashankar Ray.
Annadashankar Ray was a Bengali writer, essayist and poet.
His writings include social commentary and satire.

Annadashankar Ray — Important Works:

Aatmaghati Bangalee
Pathe Prabase
Jukto Banglar Poth
Ramdhanu
Agun Niye Khela
Chander Deshe

Nirad C. Chaudhuri — Important Books:

The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian
The Continent of Circe
Thy Hand, Great Anarch!
Scholar Extraordinary
To Live or Not to Live
Clive of India

Shibnarayan Ray — Important Works:

Marxism and Other Essays
Manushikotar Sandhane
Renaissance Man
Swadhinatar Sandhane

Q27. ‘Godfather’ was written by

(A) V. S. Naipal

(B) Gunter Grass

(D) Erich Segal

✓ Answer: (C) Mario Pujo

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

The Godfather was written by American author Mario Puzo.
The novel was published in 1969.
The story centres on the Corleone crime family.

Mario Puzo — Important Books:

The Godfather
The Sicilian
Fools Die
The Dark Arena
The Fourth K
The Last Don

V. S. Naipaul — Important Books:

A House for Mr Biswas
In a Free State
A Bend in the River
The Mimic Men
India: A Wounded Civilization
An Area of Darkness

Günter Grass — Important Books:

The Tin Drum
Cat and Mouse
Dog Years
The Flounder
Too Far Afield

Erich Segal — Important Books:

Love Story
Oliver's Story
Doctors
Man, Woman and Child
Acts of Faith

Q49. ‘Agunpakhi’ is written by

(A) Hasan Azizul Haque

(B) Jahanara Imam

(D) Sankha Ghosh

✓ Answer: (A) Hasan Azizul Haque

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Agunpakhi is a Bengali novel by Hasan Azizul Haque.
Hasan Azizul Haque was a prominent Bengali fiction writer from Bangladesh.
His writings often explore ordinary people's lives, social conflict and history.

Hasan Azizul Haque — Important Works:

Agunpakhi
Atmaja O Ekti Korobi Gachh
Namhin Gotrohin
Patal Tal
Shiter Aranya
Jibon Ghose

Jahanara Imam — Important Books:

Ekattorer Dinguli
Chhoto Chhoto Dukkho Kotha
Of Blood and Fire
Diary of Jahanara Imam

Debesh Roy — Important Works:

Teesta Parer Brittanto
Manush Khun Kori Keno
Jajati
Barishaler Jogen Mondal
Uposhahar

Shankha Ghosh — Important Works:

Mukh Dheke Jay Bigyapone
Babarer Prarthana
Din Guli Raat Guli
Nihita Patalchhaya
Gandharva Kabitaguchha

Q50. ‘Shylock’ character is created by

(A) P. B. Shelley

(B) John Milton

(D) Byron

✓ Answer: (C) Shakespeare

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Shylock is a major character in Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice.
Shylock is a Venetian moneylender.
The character is associated with the famous “pound of flesh” episode.

William Shakespeare — Important Works:

The Merchant of Venice
Hamlet
Macbeth
Othello
King Lear
Romeo and Juliet

P. B. Shelley — Important Works:

Prometheus Unbound
Adonais
The Cenci
Queen Mab
Ode to the West Wind

John Milton — Important Works:

Paradise Lost
Paradise Regained
Samson Agonistes
Areopagitica
L'Allegro
Il Penseroso

Lord Byron — Important Works:

Don Juan
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
Manfred
The Giaour
She Walks in Beauty

Q51. The composer of ‘Paradise Regained’ is

(A) Wordsworth

(B) Coleridge

(D) Milton

✓ Answer: (D) Milton

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Paradise Regained was written by John Milton.
It is a shorter epic poem dealing with the temptation of Christ.
Milton's Paradise Lost is one of the most important English epics.

John Milton — Important Works:

Paradise Regained
Paradise Lost
Samson Agonistes
Areopagitica
Lycidas
Comus

William Wordsworth — Important Works:

The Prelude
Lyrical Ballads
Tintern Abbey
Ode: Intimations of Immortality
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
The Excursion

S. T. Coleridge — Important Works:

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Kubla Khan
Christabel
Biographia Literaria
Frost at Midnight

Q62. ‘Arogya Niketan’ is composed by

(A) Tarashankar Bandyopadhyaya

(B) Kalidas Nag

(D) Subodh Ghosh

✓ Answer: (A) Tarashankar Bandyopadhyaya

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Arogya Niketan is a famous Bengali novel by Tarashankar Bandyopadhyay.
The novel deals with traditional and modern systems of medicine and social change.
Tarashankar was an important figure in modern Bengali literature.

Tarashankar Bandyopadhyay — Important Books:

Arogya Niketan
Ganadevata
Hansuli Banker Upakatha
Kabi
Dhatridebata
Jalsaghar

Subodh Ghosh — Important Works:

Bharat Premkatha
Fossil
Tilanjali
Sundaram
Trijama

Q83. Syed Mustafa Siraj has created this detective character

(A) Kakababu

(B) Colonel

(D) Bhaduri-mosai

✓ Answer: (B) Colonel

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Syed Mustafa Siraj created the detective character Colonel Niladri Sarkar.
The Colonel stories are important works of Bengali detective fiction.
The character appears in numerous detective stories written by Siraj.

Syed Mustafa Siraj — Important Works:

Neel Ghora
Uttaradhikar
Tarini Khuro-related literary works
Colonel Niladri Sarkar detective stories
Alik Manush

Other Detective Characters — Exam Fact:

Kakababu — Sunil Gangopadhyay
Kikira — Nihar Ranjan Gupta
Bhaduri-mosai — Narayan Sanyal
Colonel Niladri Sarkar — Syed Mustafa Siraj

Q95. Who wrote “Nil Darpan”?

(A) Madhusudan Dutta

(B) Dinabandhu Mitra

(D) Kali Prasanna Singha

✓ Answer: (B) Dinabandhu Mitra

📌 Additional Information — Exam Perspective

Nil Darpan was written by Dinabandhu Mitra.
The play portrays the exploitation of indigo cultivators under the colonial system.
It is closely associated with the Indigo Revolt of 1859–60.
Nil Darpan is an important topic for Indian history and Bengali literature examinations.

Dinabandhu Mitra — Important Works:

Nil Darpan
Sadhbar Ekadashi
Jamai Barik
Biye Pagla Buro
Leelabati
Nabin Tapaswini

Michael Madhusudan Dutt — Important Works:

Meghnad Badh Kavya
Tilottama Sambhab
Krishnakumari
Sharmistha
Birangana
Hector Badh

Kali Prasanna Singha — Important Works:

Hutom Pyanchar Naksha
Mahabharata translation into Bengali

📖 ভূমিকা

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বিশেষভাবে প্রশ্নে থাকা লেখক এবং Options-এ থাকা লেখকদের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বইগুলি দেওয়া হয়েছে। গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বইগুলিকে Bold করে চিহ্নিত করা হয়েছে। এই তথ্যগুলি WBPSC/WBCS, SSC, Railway, Police, PSC এবং অন্যান্য Government Job পরীক্ষার জন্য সহায়ক।

🧭 দ্রুত Navigation

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2023 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2018 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2012 — Second Shift

📘 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2023

Books & Literature — ৫টি প্রশ্ন

Q20. ‘From Volga to Ganga’ বইটির লেখক কে?

A. Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay

B. Ruskin Bond

C. Jerome K. Jerome

D. Rahul Sankrityayan

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: D. Rahul Sankrityayan

📌 Additional Information — পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ

From Volga to Ganga Rahul Sankrityayan-এর একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ গ্রন্থ।
Rahul Sankrityayan-কে হিন্দি ভ্রমণ সাহিত্যের অন্যতম পথিকৃৎ বলা হয়।
তিনি লেখক, ভ্রমণকারী, ইতিহাসবিদ ও পণ্ডিত হিসেবে পরিচিত ছিলেন।
তাঁর লেখায় ইতিহাস, বৌদ্ধধর্ম, দর্শন ও সংস্কৃতির বিষয় গুরুত্বপূর্ণভাবে উঠে এসেছে।

Rahul Sankrityayan — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

From Volga to Ganga
Ghumakkar Shastra
Darshan-Digdarshan
Meri Jeevan Yatra
Baaisvin Sadi
Volga Se Ganga

Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Pather Panchali
Aparajito
Aranyak
Adarsha Hindu Hotel
Chander Pahar
Ichhamati

Ruskin Bond — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Room on the Roof
Vagrants in the Valley
Our Trees Still Grow in Dehra
Rusty, the Boy from the Hills
The Blue Umbrella
Delhi Is Not Far

Jerome K. Jerome — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Three Men in a Boat
Three Men on the Bummel
Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow
Paul Kelver
My Life and Times
They and I

Q77. ‘Ramcharit’ কে লিখেছেন?

A. Tulsidas

B. Krittibas Ojha

C. Haridas

D. Sandhyakar Nandi

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: D. Sandhyakar Nandi

📌 Additional Information — পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ

Ramcharit Sandhyakar Nandi রচিত একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ গ্রন্থ।
তিনি Pala রাজা Ramapala-এর সভার সঙ্গে যুক্ত ছিলেন।
গ্রন্থটি Pala dynasty-এর ইতিহাসের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ উৎস।
মনে রাখুন: Sandhyakar Nandi — Ramcharit — Ramapala.

Sandhyakar Nandi — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ গ্রন্থ:

Ramcharit
Ramacharita — Sanskrit historical kavya

Tulsidas — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Ramcharitmanas
Vinaya Patrika
Kavitavali
Gitavali
Krishna Gitavali
Hanuman Bahuka

Krittibas Ojha — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ গ্রন্থ:

Krittivasi Ramayan
বাংলায় Ramayana রচনার জন্য বিশেষভাবে পরিচিত।

Q79. নিচের কোন বইটি Franz Kafka রচনা করেছেন?

A. Psychology in Everyday Life

B. The Mother

C. The Old Man and the Sea

D. The Metamorphosis

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: D. The Metamorphosis

📌 Additional Information — পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ

The Metamorphosis Franz Kafka-এর অন্যতম বিখ্যাত রচনা।
Kafka ছিলেন German-speaking Bohemian writer।
তাঁর লেখায় alienation, anxiety এবং bureaucracy-এর মতো বিষয় দেখা যায়।
তাঁর লেখার বৈশিষ্ট্য থেকে “Kafkaesque” শব্দটির উৎপত্তি।

Franz Kafka — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

The Metamorphosis
The Trial
The Castle
Amerika
In the Penal Colony
A Hunger Artist

Ernest Hemingway — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Old Man and the Sea
The Sun Also Rises
A Farewell to Arms
For Whom the Bell Tolls
Green Hills of Africa

Maxim Gorky — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Mother
My Childhood
In the World
My Universities
The Lower Depths
Foma Gordeyev

📕 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2018

Books & Literature — ৮টি প্রশ্ন

Q64. The author of the book ‘Anandamath’ is

(A) Bangladeshi

(B) Indian

(D) None of the above

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) Indian

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Anandamath লিখেছেন Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay।
তিনি একজন বিখ্যাত ভারতীয় বাঙালি সাহিত্যিক ছিলেন।
এই উপন্যাসের সঙ্গে Vande Mataram গানটি যুক্ত।

Bankim Chandra — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Anandamath
Durgeshnandini
Kapalkundala
Krishnacharitra
Devi Chaudhurani
Rajmohan's Wife

Q65. Mahatma Gandhi has written which one of the following books?

(A) Conquest of Self

(B) Crescent Moon

(D) Descent of Man

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) Conquest of Self

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Conquest of Self Mahatma Gandhi-এর সঙ্গে যুক্ত।
Gandhi-এর লেখায় সত্য, অহিংসা, নৈতিকতা ও আত্মশুদ্ধির বিষয় গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
তাঁর বিখ্যাত autobiography হল The Story of My Experiments with Truth।

Mahatma Gandhi — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Story of My Experiments with Truth
Hind Swaraj
Constructive Programme
Satyagraha in South Africa
Key to Health
Conquest of Self

Q66. Who has authored the book “Essays on Gita”?

(A) Bankim Chandra

(B) Mahatma Gandhi

(D) Aurobindo Ghosh

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) Aurobindo Ghosh

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Essays on the Gita লিখেছেন Sri Aurobindo।
এই গ্রন্থে Bhagavad Gita-এর দার্শনিক ব্যাখ্যা রয়েছে।
Sri Aurobindo ছিলেন দার্শনিক, কবি, যোগী এবং জাতীয়তাবাদী চিন্তাবিদ।

Sri Aurobindo — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Essays on the Gita
The Life Divine
Savitri
The Synthesis of Yoga
India's Rebirth
The Human Cycle

Q67. The book ‘I Follow the Mahatma’ has been written by

(A) Prabhat Kumar

(B) K. M. Munshi

(D) Shoba Dey

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) K. M. Munshi

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

K. M. Munshi ছিলেন স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামী, লেখক ও শিক্ষাবিদ।
তিনি Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan-এর অন্যতম প্রতিষ্ঠাতা।
তিনি Gujarati ও English ভাষায় লিখেছেন।

K. M. Munshi — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Krishnavatara
Prithvi Vallabh
Jay Somnath
Patan Ni Prabhuta
Gujarat and Its Literature
I Follow the Mahatma

Q68. Who has written the book ‘Jurassic Park’?

(A) Michael Crichton

(B) Walter Scott

(D) D. H. Lorence

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) Michael Crichton

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Jurassic Park লিখেছেন Michael Crichton।
উপন্যাসটি 1990 সালে প্রকাশিত হয়।
Crichton ছিলেন লেখক, চিকিৎসক, filmmaker এবং screenwriter।

Michael Crichton — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Jurassic Park
The Lost World
The Andromeda Strain
Congo
Sphere
Airframe

Q69. ‘Long Walk to Freedom’ book has been written by an author of which of the following countries?

(A) India

(B) France

(D) South Africa

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) South Africa

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Long Walk to Freedom হল Nelson Mandela-এর autobiography।
Nelson Mandela ছিলেন South African anti-apartheid নেতা।
তিনি South Africa-এর প্রথম democratically elected President ছিলেন।
1993 সালে F. W. de Klerk-এর সঙ্গে যৌথভাবে Nobel Peace Prize পান।

Nelson Mandela — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Long Walk to Freedom
Dare Not Linger
Conversations with Myself
Nelson Mandela by Himself
In His Own Words

Q70. ‘The Road Ahead’ book is authored by

(A) P. B. Shelly

(B) John Keats

(D) Paul Roberts

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (C) Bill Gates

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

The Road Ahead Bill Gates-এর লেখা।
বইটিতে technology এবং digital revolution-এর ভবিষ্যৎ নিয়ে আলোচনা করা হয়েছে।
Bill Gates হলেন Microsoft-এর co-founder।

Bill Gates — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Road Ahead
Business @ the Speed of Thought
How to Avoid a Climate Disaster
How to Prevent the Next Pandemic
Source Code

Q71. Who has written the book “The Rights of Man”?

(A) Plato

(B) Thomas Paine

(D) John Lock

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) Thomas Paine

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

The Rights of Man লিখেছেন Thomas Paine।
Thomas Paine ছিলেন American ও French Revolution-এর সঙ্গে যুক্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ political thinker।
গ্রন্থটি 18th century-এর শেষ দিকে প্রকাশিত হয়।

Thomas Paine — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Rights of Man
Common Sense
The Age of Reason
The American Crisis
A Letter Addressed to the Abbe Raynal

📗 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2012 — Second Shift

Literature — ১১টি প্রশ্ন

Q9. ‘A Haunted House’ কে লিখেছেন?

(A) Bret Harte

(B) James Joyce

(D) Virginia Woolf

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) Virginia Woolf

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

A Haunted House Virginia Woolf-এর লেখা একটি short story।
তিনি English modernist literature-এর অন্যতম গুরুত্বপূর্ণ লেখক।
তিনি Bloomsbury Group-এর সঙ্গে যুক্ত ছিলেন।

Virginia Woolf — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Mrs Dalloway
To the Lighthouse
Orlando
A Room of One's Own
The Waves
Jacob's Room

James Joyce — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Ulysses
Dubliners
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Finnegans Wake
Exiles

Thomas Hardy — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Tess of the d'Urbervilles
Far from the Madding Crowd
The Mayor of Casterbridge
Jude the Obscure
The Return of the Native

Q12. Which one is written by Kalidasa?

(A) Kadambari

(B) Harsacharita

(D) Raghu-Vangsha

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) Raghu-Vangsha

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Raghuvamsha Kalidasa-এর বিখ্যাত Sanskrit mahakavya।
Kalidasa ছিলেন classical Sanskrit-এর অন্যতম শ্রেষ্ঠ কবি ও নাট্যকার।
Abhijnanashakuntalam তাঁর অন্যতম বিখ্যাত নাটক।

Kalidasa — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Raghuvamsha
Kumarasambhava
Abhijnanashakuntalam
Meghaduta
Malavikagnimitram
Vikramorvashiyam

Banabhatta — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Harshacharita
Kadambari

Jayadeva — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Gita Govinda

Q15. ‘Crime and Punishment’ was written by

(A) Henry James

(B) Joseph Conrad

(D) Boris Pasternak

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (C) Dostoevsky

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Crime and Punishment Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky-এর লেখা।
উপন্যাসটির প্রধান বিষয় crime, guilt, morality ও redemption।

Fyodor Dostoevsky — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Crime and Punishment
The Brothers Karamazov
The Idiot
Demons
Notes from Underground
The Gambler

Henry James — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Portrait of a Lady
The Turn of the Screw
The Ambassadors
The Wings of the Dove
Daisy Miller

Joseph Conrad — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Heart of Darkness
Lord Jim
Nostromo
The Secret Agent
Victory

Boris Pasternak — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Doctor Zhivago
My Sister—Life
Safe Conduct
Spektorsky

Q22. ‘Aatmaghati Bangalee’ কে রচনা করেছেন?

(A) Nirad C. Chowdhury

(B) Annandashankar Ray

(D) Sukanta Chowdhury

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) Annandashankar Ray

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Aatmaghati Bangalee Annadashankar Ray-এর সঙ্গে যুক্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা।
তিনি Bengali writer, essayist ও poet হিসেবে পরিচিত।
তাঁর লেখায় সামাজিক ব্যঙ্গ ও সমকালীন সমাজের বিভিন্ন বিষয় উঠে এসেছে।

Annadashankar Ray — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Aatmaghati Bangalee
Pathe Prabase
Jukto Banglar Poth
Ramdhanu
Agun Niye Khela

Nirad C. Chaudhuri — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian
The Continent of Circe
Thy Hand, Great Anarch!
Scholar Extraordinary
Clive of India

Q27. ‘Godfather’ was written by

(A) V. S. Naipal

(B) Gunter Grass

(D) Erich Segal

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (C) Mario Pujo

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

The Godfather লিখেছেন Mario Puzo।
উপন্যাসটি 1969 সালে প্রকাশিত হয়।
এটির কেন্দ্রে রয়েছে Corleone crime family।

Mario Puzo — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Godfather
The Sicilian
Fools Die
The Dark Arena
The Fourth K
The Last Don

V. S. Naipaul — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

A House for Mr Biswas
In a Free State
A Bend in the River
The Mimic Men
An Area of Darkness

Günter Grass — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

The Tin Drum
Cat and Mouse
Dog Years
The Flounder

Erich Segal — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Love Story
Oliver's Story
Doctors
Man, Woman and Child

Q49. ‘Agunpakhi’ is written by

(A) Hasan Azizul Haque

(B) Jahanara Imam

(D) Sankha Ghosh

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) Hasan Azizul Haque

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Agunpakhi Hasan Azizul Haque-এর বিখ্যাত Bengali novel।
তিনি Bangladesh-এর অন্যতম গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Bengali fiction writer।

Hasan Azizul Haque — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Agunpakhi
Atmaja O Ekti Korobi Gachh
Namhin Gotrohin
Patal Tal
Shiter Aranya

Jahanara Imam — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Ekattorer Dinguli
Chhoto Chhoto Dukkho Kotha
Of Blood and Fire

Debesh Roy — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Teesta Parer Brittanto
Manush Khun Kori Keno
Jajati
Barishaler Jogen Mondal

Shankha Ghosh — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Mukh Dheke Jay Bigyapone
Babarer Prarthana
Din Guli Raat Guli
Nihita Patalchhaya

Q50. ‘Shylock’ character is created by

(A) P. B. Shelley

(B) John Milton

(D) Byron

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (C) Shakespeare

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Shylock হল Shakespeare-এর The Merchant of Venice নাটকের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ চরিত্র।
তিনি একজন Venetian moneylender।
“pound of flesh” episode-এর সঙ্গে Shylock-এর চরিত্রটি বিশেষভাবে যুক্ত।

William Shakespeare — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

The Merchant of Venice
Hamlet
Macbeth
Othello
King Lear
Romeo and Juliet

P. B. Shelley — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Prometheus Unbound
Adonais
The Cenci
Queen Mab
Ode to the West Wind

John Milton — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Paradise Lost
Paradise Regained
Samson Agonistes
Areopagitica
Lycidas

Lord Byron — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Don Juan
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
Manfred
The Giaour

Q51. The composer of ‘Paradise Regained’ is

(A) Wordsworth

(B) Coleridge

(D) Milton

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (D) Milton

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Paradise Regained John Milton-এর লেখা।
এটি Christ-এর temptation নিয়ে রচিত একটি shorter epic poem।
Milton-এর Paradise Lost English literature-এর অন্যতম গুরুত্বপূর্ণ epic।

John Milton — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Paradise Regained
Paradise Lost
Samson Agonistes
Areopagitica
Lycidas
Comus

Wordsworth — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

The Prelude
Lyrical Ballads
Tintern Abbey
Ode: Intimations of Immortality
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

Coleridge — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Kubla Khan
Christabel
Biographia Literaria

Q62. ‘Arogya Niketan’ is composed by

(A) Tarashankar Bandyopadhyaya

(B) Kalidas Nag

(D) Subodh Ghosh

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (A) Tarashankar Bandyopadhyaya

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Arogya Niketan Tarashankar Bandyopadhyay-এর বিখ্যাত Bengali novel।
উপন্যাসটিতে traditional ও modern medicine-এর দ্বন্দ্ব এবং সামাজিক পরিবর্তন তুলে ধরা হয়েছে।

Tarashankar Bandyopadhyay — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বই:

Arogya Niketan
Ganadevata
Hansuli Banker Upakatha
Kabi
Dhatridebata
Jalsaghar

Subodh Ghosh — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Bharat Premkatha
Fossil
Tilanjali
Sundaram
Trijama

Q83. Syed Mustafa Siraj has created this detective character

(A) Kakababu

(B) Colonel

(D) Bhaduri-mosai

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) Colonel

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Syed Mustafa Siraj-এর সৃষ্ট detective character হল Colonel Niladri Sarkar।
বাংলা detective literature-এ Colonel character একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ চরিত্র।

Syed Mustafa Siraj — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Colonel Niladri Sarkar detective stories
Alik Manush
Uttaradhikar
Neel Ghora

অন্যান্য Detective Character — Exam Fact:

Kakababu — Sunil Gangopadhyay
Kikira — Nihar Ranjan Gupta
Bhaduri-mosai — Narayan Sanyal
Colonel Niladri Sarkar — Syed Mustafa Siraj

Q95. Who wrote “Nil Darpan”?

(A) Madhusudan Dutta

(B) Dinabandhu Mitra

(D) Kali Prasanna Singha

✓ সঠিক উত্তর: (B) Dinabandhu Mitra

📌 পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ তথ্য

Nil Darpan লিখেছেন Dinabandhu Mitra।
নাটকটিতে নীলচাষিদের উপর colonial exploitation-এর চিত্র তুলে ধরা হয়েছে।
এটি Indigo Revolt of 1859–60-এর সঙ্গে গুরুত্বপূর্ণভাবে সম্পর্কিত।
Indian History এবং Bengali Literature—দুই ক্ষেত্রেই এটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।

Dinabandhu Mitra — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Nil Darpan
Sadhbar Ekadashi
Jamai Barik
Biye Pagla Buro
Leelabati
Nabin Tapaswini

Michael Madhusudan Dutt — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Meghnad Badh Kavya
Tilottama Sambhab
Krishnakumari
Sharmistha
Birangana
Hector Badh

Kali Prasanna Singha — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রচনা:

Hutom Pyanchar Naksha
Bengali translation of the Mahabharata

ISRO Scientist/Engineer Recruitment 2026 – Apply Online for 175 Posts

2026-08-28T10:24:18.086+05:30

🚀 ISRO Scientist/Engineer Recruitment 2026 – Apply Online for 175 Posts

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has officially released the notification for 175 vacancies for the post of Scientist/Engineer ‘SC’ for the year 2026. Candidates with a B.E./B.Tech degree in relevant disciplines can apply online starting from 27 August 2026. The last date to apply is 16 September 2026. Eligible and interested candidates are advised to read the notification carefully and apply as soon as possible.

✅ ISRO Recruitment 2026 at a Glance

Organization: Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
Post Name: Scientist/Engineer ‘SC’ (Group ‘A’ Gazetted Post)
Total Vacancies: 175
Notification Date: 27 August 2026
Application Start Date: 27 August 2026
Application Last Date: 16 September 2026
Pay Scale: Level 10 (Basic Pay ₹56,100/month + DA & allowances)
Official Website: www.isro.gov.in

📌 Discipline-wise Vacancy Details

These 175 posts are distributed across various ISRO Centres and the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL).

Electronics (ECE): 58 Vacancies
Mechanical (ME): 50 Vacancies
Computer Science (CSE/IT): 22 Vacancies
Others (Civil/Electrical/Instrumentation): 45 Vacancies
Total: 175

📅 Important Dates (2026)

Official Notification Release: 27 August 2026
Online Application Starts: 27 August 2026
Online Application Last Date: 16 September 2026

🎯 Eligibility Criteria

Educational Qualification: B.E./B.Tech in the relevant discipline. General/OBC must have minimum 65% marks (6.84 CGPA), while SC/ST need 60% (6.3 CGPA).
Age Limit (as on 16 Sep 2026): 18 to 28 years. Relaxation: SC/ST +5 yrs, OBC +3 yrs, PwBD +10 yrs.

💰 Application Fee

General (UR) & OBC Candidates: ₹750
SC/ST/PwBD/Women Candidates: ₹250
Payment Mode: Online (Debit/Credit Card, Net Banking, UPI).

📝 Step-by-Step: How to Apply Online

Visit the official website: www.isro.gov.in.
Click on the "Careers" or "Recruitment" section.
Find "Scientist/Engineer ‘SC’ Recruitment 2026" and click "Apply Online".
Complete the registration (Name, Email, Mobile).
Fill out the application form accurately.
Upload photograph, signature, and documents.
Pay the application fee online.
Verify, click "Submit", and save/print the final form.

⚙️ Selection Process 2026

The selection will be conducted in two stages:

Stage 1 – GATE Score: Shortlisting based on GATE 2025 or 2026 scores (mandatory).
Stage 2 – Interview: Personal Interview at ISRO Headquarters/Bangalore.

📝 Exam Pattern for ISRO Scientist/Engineer 2026

If ISRO conducts a separate written examination (for screening), the expected pattern is:

Exam Mode: Online (Computer-Based Test).
Total Questions: 100 MCQs (100 marks).
Section A – Aptitude: 15 questions (15 marks) – Reasoning, Quant, English.
Section B – Core Subject: 85 questions (85 marks) – Subject-specific.
Negative Marking: 1/3rd mark deducted per wrong answer.
Final Merit: Written Exam (75%) + Interview (25%).

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1 What is the last date to apply for ISRO Recruitment 2026?

The last date to apply online is 16 September 2026.

Q2 Can final year B.E/B.Tech students apply?

Yes, final year students appearing in 2026 are eligible, provided they submit the final marksheet by the cut-off date.

Q3 What is the selection process?

Based on GATE 2025/2026 scores (75% weightage) and Personal Interview (25% weightage).

Q4 What is the application fee?

General/OBC pay ₹750, SC/ST/PwBD/Women pay ₹250.

Q5 What is the salary for the ISRO Scientist 'SC' post?

Level 10 with Basic Pay of ₹56,100/month + DA & perks.

Q6 Is GATE 2025 score valid for ISRO 2026?

Yes, both GATE 2025 and GATE 2026 scores are valid.

🔗 Important Links (Direct Access)

📄 Official Notification (PDF): Download Now
🖥️ Apply Online (Direct Link): Apply Here
🌐 Official ISRO Website: www.isro.gov.in

📢 Disclaimer: All information provided in this article is based on the official bilingual notification released by ISRO on 27 August 2026. Candidates are strongly advised to read the full official PDF carefully before filling out the application form to avoid any mistakes.

IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 (CRP-CSA-XVI) – 11,403 Vacancies, Apply Online

2026-08-28T09:38:26.113+05:30

IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 – Complete Details

IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 (CRP-CSA-XVI): The Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) has announced the recruitment of Customer Service Associates (CSA) for participating public sector banks. Eligible candidates can apply online as per the schedule mentioned in the official notification. Candidates should check the vacancy details, educational qualification, age limit, application fee, selection process and examination dates before applying.

📋 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 – Overview

Particulars	Details
Organisation	Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS)
Recruitment	CRP-CSA-XVI
Post Name	Customer Service Associate (CSA) / Clerk
Total Vacancies	11,403 Posts
Application Mode	Online
Application Start Date	01 August 2026
Last Date to Apply	28 August 2026
Job Location	Participating Public Sector Banks
Official Website	ibps.in

📅 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Important Dates

Event	Date
Online Application Start	01 August 2026
Last Date to Apply	28 August 2026
Last Date for Fee Payment	28 August 2026
Last Date for Printing Application	05 September 2026
Preliminary Examination	October 2026
Main Examination	December 2026

Note: Online registration and fee payment are scheduled from 01 August 2026 to 28 August 2026.

💰 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Application Fee

Category	Application Fee
General / OBC / EWS	₹850/-
SC / ST / PwBD	₹175/-

Payment Mode: Online

🗂️ IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Vacancy Details

Category	Vacancies
General / UR	4,740
OBC	2,815
EWS	996
SC	1,910
ST	942
Total	11,403

🧑‍🎓 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Educational Qualification

Candidates must possess a Bachelor's Degree in any discipline from a University/Institution recognized by the Government of India or any equivalent qualification recognized by the Central Government.

Graduation in any stream is eligible.
Candidates should have the prescribed computer literacy / knowledge of computer systems.
Candidates must fulfil the applicable State/UT language requirement.

🎂 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Age Limit

Age Limit as on 01 July 2026:

Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 28 Years

Age relaxation for eligible reserved categories will be applicable as per Government rules and the official IBPS notification.

📝 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Selection Process

The selection process consists of:

Preliminary Examination
Main Examination
Provisional Allotment

Important: There is no separate Interview stage for IBPS Clerk / Customer Service Associate recruitment.

✍️ IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Preliminary Exam Pattern

Subject	Questions	Marks
English Language	30	30
Numerical Ability	35	35
Reasoning Ability	35	35
Total	100	100

📚 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Main Exam Pattern

Candidates who qualify in the Preliminary Examination will be eligible for the Main Examination.

General / Financial Awareness
General English
Reasoning Ability
Quantitative Aptitude

💻 How to Apply Online for IBPS Clerk 2026

Visit the official IBPS website.
Open the CRP-CSA-XVI recruitment section.
Click on the online application link.
Complete the registration process.
Fill in the application form carefully.
Upload the required photograph, signature and documents.
Pay the application fee online.
Check all details carefully.
Submit the application form.
Save or print the submitted application form for future reference.

🔗 IBPS Clerk Recruitment 2026 Important Links

🔔 Last Date Extension Notice – Apply Now

✅ Apply Online for IBPS Clerk 2026 📄 Download Notification for IBPS Clerk 2026 🌐 Visit Official IBPS Website

❓ IBPS Clerk 16th Recruitment 2026 – FAQs

Q. When will IBPS Clerk 16th Recruitment 2026 application start?

Ans: The online application process started on 01 August 2026.

Q. What is the last date to apply for IBPS Clerk 2026?

Ans: The last date for online registration and fee payment is 28 August 2026.

Q. How many vacancies are available?

Ans: A total of 11,403 Customer Service Associate (CSA) vacancies are available.

Q. What is the age limit?

Ans: The minimum age is 20 years and the maximum age is 28 years, subject to applicable age relaxation.

Q. What is the educational qualification?

Ans: Candidates must have a Bachelor's Degree in any discipline from a recognized University/Institution and fulfil the prescribed computer and language requirements.

Q. What is the selection process?

Ans: The selection process includes Preliminary Examination, Main Examination and provisional allotment.

Q. Is there an interview in IBPS Clerk recruitment?

Ans: No. There is no separate interview stage for IBPS Clerk / Customer Service Associate recruitment.

Q. What is the official website of IBPS?

Ans: The official website of IBPS is ibps.in.

⚠️ Important Notice:
Candidates should carefully read the official IBPS CRP-CSA-XVI notification before applying. Vacancy, eligibility, examination schedule and other recruitment conditions are subject to the official notification and subsequent updates issued by IBPS.

Disclaimer: This post is published for informational purposes only. Candidates are advised to verify the latest information from the official IBPS website before submitting the application.

GATE 2027 Notification, Application Starts on 27August, Exam Date, Registration, Eligibility & Syllabus

2026-08-28T09:37:09.526+05:30

GATE 2027 Notification, Exam Date, Eligibility, Application Form & Syllabus

🎓 GATE 2027 Notification

Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering 2027

📢 IIT Madras | 📝 Online Registration | 💻 Computer Based Test

📢 Latest Update: GATE 2027 registration has been rescheduled to 27 August 2026. The regular registration deadline is now 27 September 2026, while registration with late fee will continue until 5 October 2026.

The official GATE 2027 website has also introduced a new Robotics & Automation (RA) test paper and revised the syllabus of the GATE 2027 papers.

GATE 2027 is a national-level examination conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and the seven Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) on behalf of the National Coordination Board (NCB), Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Government of India.

For GATE 2027, IIT Madras is the Organizing Institute. The examination will be conducted in 30 test papers through Computer Based Test (CBT) mode.

Candidates who qualify GATE can use their scores for admission to eligible postgraduate and doctoral programmes. GATE scores are also used by several Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) for recruitment, subject to the respective organization's rules.

📌 GATE 2027 Overview

🎓 Examination GATE 2027

🏛️ Organizing Institute IIT Madras

💻 Examination Mode Computer Based Test (CBT)

📚 Total Test Papers 30

⏳ Score Validity 3 Years

📝 Papers Allowed One or up to Two Papers

📅 Examination February 2027

📢 Result 19 March 2027

📅 GATE 2027 Important Dates

Event	Date
GOAPS Registration Starts	27 August 2026
Regular Registration Last Date	27 September 2026
Extended Registration Last Date	5 October 2026
Exam City Information	January 2027
GATE 2027 Examination	6, 7, 13, 14, 20 & 21 February 2027
GATE 2027 Result	19 March 2027

💡 Important: GATE 2027 dates are subject to change. Candidates should regularly check the official GATE website for the latest updates.

🎯 GATE 2027 Eligibility Criteria

Candidates studying in the third year or higher of an eligible undergraduate programme, or candidates who have already completed an eligible degree, can appear for GATE 2027 subject to the official eligibility rules.

Eligible academic backgrounds include:

🎓 Engineering and Technology
🏗️ Architecture
🔬 Science
📊 Commerce
📖 Arts and Humanities

✅ No Age Limit: There is no age limit for appearing in GATE 2027. Candidates can also appear for GATE multiple times, subject to the eligibility conditions.

📚 GATE 2027 Test Papers

GATE 2027 will be conducted for 30 test papers. Candidates can appear for one or up to two papers, but the two-paper choice must follow the combinations permitted by GATE 2027.

✈️ Aerospace Engineering (AE)

🌾 Agricultural Engineering (AG)

🏗️ Civil Engineering (CE)

💻 Computer Science & IT (CS)

⚡ Electrical Engineering (EE)

⚙️ Mechanical Engineering (ME)

📡 Electronics & Communication (EC)

🤖 Robotics & Automation (RA)

🧠 Data Science & Artificial Intelligence (DA)

🧪 Biotechnology (BT)

🔬 Physics (PH)

📐 Mathematics (MA)

New in GATE 2027: A new test paper on Robotics & Automation (RA) has been introduced.

📖 GATE 2027 Syllabus

The GATE 2027 syllabus has been revised. Candidates should download and study the latest syllabus for their selected test paper rather than relying on an older GATE syllabus.

The official website provides individual syllabus documents for all GATE 2027 test papers.

📚 Check GATE 2027 Syllabus

📝 GATE 2027 Exam Pattern

Particular	Details
Examination Mode	Computer Based Test (CBT)
Duration	3 Hours
Total Marks	100
Question Types	MCQ, MSQ & NAT
General Aptitude	15 Marks
Subject Questions	85 Marks
Virtual Calculator	Available on Computer

📚 Check GATE 2027 Syllabus

💰 GATE 2027 Application Fee

The application fee is charged per test paper. Candidates appearing for two papers have to pay the applicable fee for both papers.

Category	Regular Period	Extended Period
Female / SC / ST / PwD	₹1,000	₹1,500
All Other Candidates	₹2,000	₹2,500

The above fee is for one test paper. Additional payment is applicable when a candidate selects a second test paper.

🖥️ GATE 2027 Application Form – How to Apply?

Eligible candidates need to complete the GATE 2027 application online through the GATE Online Application Processing System (GOAPS).

🌐 Visit the official GATE 2027 website.
👤 Register through the application system.
🪪 Indian nationals should create/update a verified DigiLocker account as required.
📝 Enter your personal and academic information.
📚 Select your GATE test paper.
🏙️ Select examination city preferences.
📸 Upload the required photograph, signature and documents.
💳 Pay the application fee online.
🔍 Carefully verify all information.
📥 Submit and download the application confirmation.

⚠️ Important: Once the application is submitted for payment, changes may not be possible in the same way as before submission. Carefully check your personal, academic and examination details before final submission.

📄 Documents Required for GATE 2027

📸 Recent passport-size photograph
✍️ Signature
🪪 Valid photo identity document
🎓 Educational qualification details
📜 Category certificate, where applicable
♿ PwD/UDID certificate, where applicable
📄 Dyslexia certificate, where applicable

Candidates should carefully follow the official image and document specifications while completing the application.

📚 GATE 2027 Two-Paper Option

A candidate can appear for one or up to two GATE 2027 test papers. However, the second paper can only be selected from the officially permitted two-paper combinations.

💡 Tip: Before selecting two papers, check the latest official Two-Paper Combination list because combinations may be updated by the GATE 2027 authorities.

🔗 Check Two-Paper Combinations

🗓️ GATE 2027 Exam Date

GATE 2027 will be conducted on six dates:

📅 Week 1 6 & 7 February 2027

📅 Week 2 13 & 14 February 2027

📅 Week 3 20 & 21 February 2027

💻 Mode Computer Based Test

🏆 GATE 2027 Score Validity

The GATE score is valid for three years from the date of announcement of the result, subject to the rules applicable to the concerned admission or recruitment process.

🚀 What Can You Do After Qualifying GATE?

🎓 Apply for eligible M.Tech/M.E. programmes.
🔬 Explore eligible doctoral and research programmes.
💰 Become eligible for financial assistance where applicable.
🏢 Apply for PSU recruitment opportunities where GATE scores are accepted.
🏛️ Explore postgraduate opportunities at participating institutions.

⚠️ Remember: Qualifying GATE does not automatically guarantee admission, scholarship or PSU employment. Each institute or organization follows its own selection and eligibility rules.

🎫 GATE 2027 Admit Card

The GATE 2027 examination city information is expected in January 2027. Candidates should download the admit card from the official GATE portal when it becomes available.

The admit card will not be sent through ordinary post. Candidates should carry the required printed admit card and the original valid photo ID to the examination centre.

📊 GATE 2027 Result

The GATE 2027 result is scheduled to be announced on 19 March 2027.

Candidates will be able to check their result and score through the official GATE portal using their login credentials.

🔗 GATE 2027 Important Links

🌐 Official GATE 2027 Website
📚 GATE 2027 Syllabus & Papers
📅 Important Dates
📖 Two-Paper Combination
📄 Download GATE 2027 PDF

❓ GATE 2027 Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. When will GATE 2027 registration start?
GATE 2027 registration has been rescheduled to 27 August 2026.

Q2. What is the last date to apply for GATE 2027?
The regular registration deadline is 27 September 2026. The extended deadline with late fee is 5 October 2026.

Q3. Who is conducting GATE 2027?
IIT Madras is the Organizing Institute for GATE 2027.

Q4. How many papers are available in GATE 2027?
GATE 2027 will be conducted for 30 test papers.

Q5. Can I appear for two GATE papers?
Yes. Candidates can appear for one or up to two papers, subject to the officially permitted two-paper combinations.

Q6. Is there any age limit for GATE 2027?
No. There is no age limit for appearing in GATE 2027.

Q7. What is the GATE 2027 exam date?
The examination is scheduled for 6, 7, 13, 14, 20 and 21 February 2027.

Q8. When will the GATE 2027 result be released?
The result is scheduled to be announced on 19 March 2027.

Q9. What is new in GATE 2027?
A new Robotics & Automation (RA) test paper has been introduced. The syllabi have also been revised for GATE 2027.

Q10. Where can I download the GATE 2027 syllabus?
The latest syllabus for all test papers is available on the official GATE 2027 website.

🚀 Preparing for GATE 2027?

Download the latest syllabus, check the exam pattern and start your preparation early.

GATE 2027 GATE 2027 Notification GATE 2027 Exam Date GATE 2027 Registration GATE 2027 Application Form GATE 2027 Syllabus GATE 2027 Eligibility GATE 2027 PDF GATE 2027 Apply Online GATE Exam

India Post GDS Recruitment 2026: 15,000+ Vacancies in Schedule II, Apply Now

2026-08-27T10:35:11.434+05:30

📮 India Post GDS Recruitment 2026: 15,000+ Vacancies In Schedule II

India Post GDS Recruitment 2026 notification has been released for Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS) posts under Schedule-II, July 2026.

Eligible 10th-pass candidates can apply online for BPM, ABPM and Dak Sevak posts. Selection will be based on the prescribed merit process followed by document verification.

🚀 Quick Highlights

✅ Qualification: 10th Pass
✅ Vacancy: 15,000+ Tentative
✅ Posts: BPM, ABPM & Dak Sevak
✅ Selection: Merit Based
✅ Application Mode: Online

📌 India Post GDS Recruitment 2026 – Overview

Details	Information
Department	Department of Posts, Government of India
Post	Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS)
Posts	BPM, ABPM & Dak Sevak
Vacancy	15,000+ Tentative
Qualification	10th Pass
Selection	Merit List & Document Verification
Application Mode	Online

📅 Important Dates

📢 Notification Date: 20 August 2026

📝 Registration Starts: 31 August 2026

📝 Registration Last Date: 19 September 2026

💻 Application Starts: 2 September 2026

🚨 Last Date to Apply: 21 September 2026

✏️ Correction Window: 23–24 September 2026

⏰ Last Date Alert: The last date for online application and fee payment is 21 September 2026 at 5:00 PM.

🎓 Eligibility Criteria

📚 Educational Qualification

Candidates must have passed Class 10th from a recognized board.
Candidates must have studied the prescribed local language.
Basic computer knowledge is required as per the applicable GDS rules.

🎂 Age Limit

Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years
Age relaxation is applicable to eligible reserved categories as per government rules.

💰 India Post GDS Salary 2026

📮 BPM: ₹12,000 – ₹29,380
📮 ABPM: ₹10,000 – ₹24,470
📮 Dak Sevak: ₹10,000 – ₹24,470

GDS employees are paid under the Time Related Continuity Allowance (TRCA) system.

💳 Application Fee

💰 General/OBC/EWS Male: ₹100
🆓 Female Candidates: No Fee
🆓 SC/ST Candidates: No Fee
🆓 PwD Candidates: No Fee
🆓 Transwomen Candidates: No Fee

✅ Selection Process

There is no regular written examination for GDS engagement.

Online Registration
Online Application
Merit List Preparation
Document Verification
Final Engagement

The merit process is based on eligible Class 10 marks as prescribed in the recruitment notification.

📝 How to Apply Online

Visit the official India Post GDS Online Engagement portal.
Complete the registration process.
Enter your personal and educational details carefully.
Select the eligible post/division.
Upload the required photograph, signature and documents.
Pay the application fee, if applicable.
Submit the application and save the confirmation page.

⚠️ Important: Check your Class 10 marks and personal details carefully before final submission. Candidates should avoid waiting until the last day to complete the application.

🔗 Important Links

🚀 APPLY ONLINE 📄 DOWNLOAD NOTIFICATION PDF

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the qualification for India Post GDS Recruitment 2026?

Candidates must have passed Class 10th and meet the prescribed local-language and other eligibility requirements.

2. Is there any written exam for India Post GDS?

No. Selection is based on the prescribed merit process followed by document verification.

3. What is the last date for India Post GDS Recruitment 2026?

The last date to submit the online application and fee is 21 September 2026 at 5:00 PM.

4. What is the age limit for GDS Recruitment 2026?

The basic age limit is 18 to 40 years. Applicable relaxation is available for eligible categories.

5. How many vacancies are available?

The recruitment has 15,000+ tentative vacancies. Candidates should check the official portal for the detailed vacancy position.

📌Quick Summary

India Post GDS Recruitment 2026 is a major opportunity for 10th-pass candidates. More than 15,000 tentative vacancies are expected.

📝 Registration starts: 31 August 2026
🚨 Last Date: 21 September 2026
🎓 Qualification: 10th Pass
📊 Selection: Merit Based

🚀 Don't Miss the Deadline!

Check your eligibility and complete the India Post GDS 2026 application before 21 September 2026.

✅ APPLY ONLINE NOW

NIC Scientific/Technical Assistant-A Recruitment 2026: 376 Vacancies, Apply Online

2026-08-27T00:56:06.936+05:30

📢 Official Notification 2026

NIC Scientific Assistant 2026: 376 Vacancies, GATE-Based Selection

🚀 GATE-based selection | Pay Level-6 (₹35,400 – ₹1,12,400) | Apply from 01 Sept 2026

📝 How to Apply ❓ FAQs

The National Informatics Centre (NIC) has officially released the notification for Scientific/Technical Assistant-A posts. With 376 vacancies, this is a golden opportunity for GATE-qualified graduates in Computer Science, Electronics, and Data Science.

✅ Key Highlights:
• Total Vacancies: 376 | Pay Scale: ₹35,400 – ₹1,12,400 (Level-6)
• Selection: Based on GATE 2024/2025/2026 Score (No written exam)
• Application Dates: 01 Sept 2026 – 30 Sept 2026 (up to 5:30 PM)
• Job Location: Pan India

📅 Important Dates

Event	Date
Online Application Start	01 September 2026 (10:00 AM)
Last Date to Apply	30 September 2026 (up to 5:30 PM)
Cut-off for Eligibility	30 September 2026

💰 Application Fee

Category	Fee
SC / ST / PwBD / Women	₹0 (Nil)
UR / OBC (NCL) / EWS	₹800/-

*₹800 per discipline if applying for multiple streams.

📊 Discipline-wise Vacancy Distribution

Discipline	Total	UR	SC	ST	OBC	EWS
Computer Science & IT	300	122	45	22	81	30
Electronics & Comm. Engg.	26	13	3	1	7	2
Data Science & AI	50	22	7	3	13	5
Grand Total	376	157	55	26	101	37

🎯 Eligibility Criteria

Educational Qualification

CS & IT (300): B.E./B.Tech./M.Sc./MCA in Computer Science, IT, or equivalent.
ECE (26): B.E./B.Tech. in Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Data Science & AI (50): Prescribed qualification in DS & AI disciplines.

Mandatory GATE Score

Valid GATE score from 2024, 2025, or 2026 in CS (for CS/IT) or EC (for ECE) paper.

Age Limit (as on 30 Sept 2026)

Category	Max Age
UR / EWS	30 Years
OBC (NCL)	33 Years
SC / ST	35 Years
PwBD	40 Years

⭐ Why This is a Game-Changer

🚫 No Written Exam
Direct merit-based selection via GATE.

🏛️ Prestige & Stability
NIC – the backbone of India's e-governance.

💰 Attractive Perks
₹35,400 base + DA, HRA, & central govt allowances.

🇮🇳 Pan-India Posting
Work in metros, state capitals, or anywhere in India.

📌 How to Apply Online (Step-by-Step)

Visit the Official Portal: Go to recruitment.nic.in.
Find the Notification: Click on "NIC Scientific/Technical Assistant-A 2026".
Register: Complete the one-time registration (OTR) with email & mobile.
Fill Details: Enter personal info, education, and GATE Score (2024/2025/2026).
Upload Documents: Photo, signature, and relevant certificates.
Pay Fee: ₹800 if applicable (SC/ST/Women exempted).
Submit & Print: Download the confirmation page for future records.

🔗 Important Links

📄 Official Notification PDF Download PDF

🌐 Apply Online (Active from 01 Sept) Apply Now

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the last date to apply for NIC Scientific Assistant 2026?

The online application closes on 30 September 2026 (up to 5:30 PM).

Can I apply without a GATE score?

No. A valid GATE score from 2024, 2025, or 2026 is mandatory for selection.

What is the salary for NIC Scientific/Technical Assistant-A?

The pay scale is ₹35,400 – ₹1,12,400 (Level-6) under the 7th Pay Commission.

Is there a written test or interview?

No. Selection is strictly based on the GATE merit list, followed by document verification.

What is the application fee for OBC candidates?

OBC (NCL) candidates have to pay ₹800/-. Women, SC/ST, and PwBD are exempted.

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IIT BHU Recruitment 2026 – 55 Non-Teaching Posts, Apply Now

2026-08-27T00:19:53.727+05:30

Advertisement No. 03/2026-27 🏛️ IIT (BHU) Varanasi

IIT BHU Non-Teaching Recruitment 2026: 55 Vacancies, Apply Online, Eligibility & Salary 55 Posts

✅ Online Applications open 25 August 2026 — Last Date 24 September 2026

📅 Group B & C Posts 💰 7th CPC Pay Level 3 to 8

The Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi has officially released the much-awaited IIT BHU Non-Teaching Recruitment 2026 notification. With 55 vacancies across Group B and Group C cadres, this is a golden opportunity for government job aspirants looking to join an Institute of National Importance. The recruitment drive includes posts like Junior Superintendent, Junior Technician, Assistant Engineer, Junior Engineer, and Junior Translation Officer. The online application process will commence on the SAMARTH portal from 25 August 2026. Candidates must carefully check the IIT BHU eligibility criteria, pay scale, and application fee before applying for these prestigious central government jobs.

Key highlights: Women, SC, ST, and PwD candidates enjoy a full application fee waiver. The selected candidates will receive an attractive salary as per the 7th Central Pay Commission (CPC) matrix, along with dearness allowance and other perks. Read on for a complete breakdown of post-wise vacancies, educational qualifications, age limits, and the step-by-step application process for IIT BHU Recruitment 2026.

📋 IIT BHU Non-Teaching Overview 2026

Organization
IIT (BHU), Varanasi

Total Vacancies
55 Posts

Application Mode
Online (SAMARTH) + Speed Post

Job Location
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh

Advt. No.
03/2026-27

Official Website
iitbhu.ac.in

📅 Important Dates – IIT BHU Apply Online 2026

Online Application Start

25 August 2026

Last Date to Apply Online

24 September 2026

(Upto 5:00 PM)

📬 Hard Copy Submission: After filling out the IIT BHU online form, candidates must send a printed copy along with self-attested documents via Speed Post to the Registrar, IIT BHU, Varanasi – 221005, within 7 days (by 01 October 2026).

💰 IIT BHU Application Fee 2026

Category	Group B	Group C
General / OBC / EWS	₹500/-	₹250/-
SC / ST / PwD / Female	🆓 Fee Exempted (Zero Fee)

Payment is accepted through Internet Banking, Credit/Debit Cards, and UPI gateways on the SAMARTH portal.

📊 IIT BHU Vacancy 2026 – Post-Wise Breakdown

The total of 55 vacancies is distributed across administrative, technical, library, engineering, and Rajbhasha cadres. Below is the complete list of posts, group categorization, pay levels, and age limits:

Post Name	Vac.	Group	Pay Level	Max Age
Junior Superintendent	21	B	Level 6	35
Junior Technician (Group-I) – Chem/Phy	4	C	Level 3	27
Junior Technician (Group-II) – Mech/Metallurgy	11	C	Level 3	27
Junior Technician (Group-III) – Electrical/Electronics	3	C	Level 3	27
Junior Technician (Group-IV) – Civil/Mining	4	C	Level 3	27
Junior Technician (Group-V) – CS/IT	4	C	Level 3	27
Junior Library Assistant	2	C	Level 3	30
Assistant Engineer	2	B	Level 8	40
Junior Engineer (Civil)	3	B	Level 6	35
Junior Translation Officer	1	B	Level 6	35

⚠️ Reservation: 1 seat is reserved for PwBD candidates in Junior Superintendent, and 1 seat is reserved across the Junior Technician groups combined.

🎯 IIT BHU Eligibility Criteria 2026

Candidates must ensure they meet the following educational qualifications and experience requirements for their desired post. Age relaxation is applicable as per government norms (SC/ST +5 years, OBC +3 years, PwD +10 years).

Junior Superintendent (21): Bachelor’s Degree (55%) + 3 years (Level 5) or 8 years (Level 3) experience. Must know MS Office (Word, Excel, PPT).
Jr. Technician Group-I (Chem/Phy): B.Sc with Chemistry or Physics (55%).
Jr. Technician Group-II (Mech/Metallurgy): B.E./B.Tech or 3-year Diploma (55%) + 1 year experience.
Jr. Technician Group-III (Electrical/Electronics): B.E./B.Tech or 3-year Diploma (55%) + 1 year experience.
Jr. Technician Group-IV (Civil/Mining): B.E./B.Tech/B.Arch or 3-year Diploma (55%) + 1 year experience.
Jr. Technician Group-V (CS/IT): B.E./B.Tech (CS/IT) or 3-year Diploma (55%) + 1 year experience.
Junior Library Assistant (2): Bachelor’s in Library & Information Science (55%).
Assistant Engineer (2): B.E./B.Tech/Diploma in Civil/Electrical with relevant experience.
Junior Engineer (3): B.E./B.Tech (Civil) + 2 years experience OR Diploma (Civil) + 3 years experience.
Jr. Translation Officer (1): Master’s in Hindi/English with the other as a compulsory subject at graduation.

📌 Important Note: Meeting the minimum IIT BHU eligibility does not guarantee a call for the selection process. The Institute reserves the right to conduct screening tests.

🔍 Selection Process & 💰 Salary Structure

Selection Stages

Computer-Based Screening Test
Written Examination
Skill Test / Trade Test
Interview / Document Verification

7th CPC Pay Matrix

Level 3: ₹21,700 – ₹69,100
Level 6: ₹35,400 – ₹1,12,400
Level 8: ₹47,600 – ₹1,51,100

✅ Selected candidates will also receive Dearness Allowance (DA), HRA, Travel Allowance (TA), and Medical Benefits as per IIT BHU rules.

📝 How to Apply for IIT BHU Non-Teaching Recruitment 2026

Follow these 4 easy steps to successfully submit your application for the IIT BHU Non-Teaching Recruitment 2026:

Step 1: Online Registration
Visit the official SAMARTH portal at iitbhunt.samarth.edu.in. Complete the registration and fill out the application form with your personal, academic, and work experience details. Apply between 25 August to 24 September 2026 (5:00 PM).

Step 2: Fee Payment
Pay the application fee online via Debit Card, Credit Card, Net Banking, or UPI. Remember, SC/ST/PwD/Female candidates are exempted from payment.

Step 3: Save & Print
After successful submission, save a PDF and take a printout of the completed application form. This hard copy is mandatory for the final stage.

Step 4: Speed Post Dispatch
Send the printed application form along with self-attested copies of educational certificates, age proof, and experience letters to:
The Registrar, IIT (BHU), Varanasi – 221005
✉️ Superscribe the envelope with: "Application Form No. [XXXX], Advt. No. 03/2026-27, Post Name & Code".

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the last date to apply for IIT BHU Non-Teaching Recruitment 2026? +

The last date to submit the online application is 24 September 2026 (5:00 PM). The hard copy must reach the Registrar’s office by 01 October 2026.

How many vacancies are available in IIT BHU Non-Teaching 2026? +

A total of 55 vacancies are announced across Group B and Group C posts, including Junior Superintendent (21), Junior Technicians (various trades), Assistant Engineer, Junior Engineer, and Library Assistant.

Is there any application fee for female candidates? +

Yes, Female candidates are completely exempted from paying the application fee for both Group B and Group C posts. SC, ST, and PwD candidates are also exempted.

What is the salary for IIT BHU Non-Teaching posts? +

The salary ranges from ₹21,700 to ₹1,51,100 per month depending on the Pay Level (3, 6, or 8) under the 7th CPC, plus applicable allowances.

Where can I find the official notification for IIT BHU Recruitment 2026? +

The detailed official notification PDF is available on the IIT BHU website (iitbhu.ac.in) or you can download it directly using the link provided in the "Important Links" section below.

⚡ Key Takeaways – IIT BHU Jobs 2026

55 permanent non-teaching vacancies at a premier Institute of National Importance.
Apply online via SAMARTH Portal from 25 August to 24 September 2026.
Don't forget the Speed Post submission (mandatory) within 7 days of online closing.
Zero application fee for SC/ST/PwD/Female candidates.
Lucrative 7th CPC Pay Matrix with excellent campus facilities and job security.

🚀 Pro Tip: Bookmark this page and share it with your friends preparing for Central Government Jobs 2026.

🔗 Important Links for IIT BHU Recruitment 2026

📌 Apply Online (SAMARTH Portal) 🏛️ Visit Official Website 📄 Download Official Notification (PDF)

⚡ Related Posts: Check out our latest updates on Sarkari Naukri 2026 |

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WBPSC - PSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Paper 2004-2019 pdf Download & WBPSC Miscellaneous Exam SYLLABUS

2026-08-23T20:16:37.544+05:30

WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Paper 2004–2019 PDF

📚 Download previous year question papers and prepare smarter for the WBPSC Miscellaneous Services Examination.

📄 PDF Question Papers

📅 2004–2019 Available Years

🎯 450 Marks Mains Examination

Looking for WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Previous Year Question Papers PDF? You can download the available question papers from the links provided below.

These WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Papers are useful for understanding the exam pattern, question style, important topics and difficulty level.

📌 Preparation Tip: Solve PYQs under actual exam conditions instead of simply reading them. This will help improve speed, accuracy and answer-writing skills.

⚡ TL;DR — Quick Summary

📚 Exam: WBPSC Miscellaneous Services
📝 Stage: Mains Examination
📄 Material: Previous Year Question Papers
🎯 Mains: 450 Marks
🎤 Personality Test: 100 Marks
🚀 Best Use: PYQ practice + revision + mock tests

📥 WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Paper PDF

Download the available WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Papers from the links below.

📄 1. WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Paper 2004–2010 PDF

⬇️ Download PDF

📄 2. WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Paper 2014 PDF

⬇️ Download PDF

📄 3. WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Paper 2021 PDF

⬇️ Download Question Paper

📚 WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year History Question & Answer — Click Here

🎯 WBPSC Miscellaneous Exam Selection Process

The selection process generally consists of the following stages:

✅ Preliminary Examination – Objective Type
✅ Main Examination – Conventional Written Examination
✅ Personality Test – Interview

📝 WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Exam Pattern

The Preliminary Examination is an objective-type screening test. Marks obtained in the Preliminary Examination are not counted for the final merit list.

Subject	Questions	Marks
General Studies	75	150
Arithmetic	25	50
Total	100	200

⏱️ Duration: 1 Hour 30 Minutes

There are 100 MCQs, with each question carrying 2 marks.

📚 WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Exam Pattern

The Mains Examination consists of three conventional-type written papers carrying a total of 450 marks.

Paper	Subject	Marks	Time
Paper I	English	150	1 Hour 30 Minutes
Paper II	Bengali / Hindi / Urdu / Nepali / Santhali	150	1 Hour 30 Minutes
Paper III	General Studies + Arithmetic	150	2 Hours 30 Minutes

📌 Paper III – General Studies & Arithmetic

General Studies: 100 Marks
Arithmetic: 50 Marks
Total: 150 Marks

Answers to General Studies may be written in English, Bengali or Nepali. Arithmetic may be answered in English or Bengali.

Answers within an individual group should be written in one and the same language.

📌 All three Mains papers are held on the same day.

🎤 WBPSC Miscellaneous Personality Test

Candidates are shortlisted for the Personality Test based on their performance in the Main Examination.

⭐ Personality Test: 100 Marks
The final merit list is prepared using marks obtained in the Mains Examination and Personality Test.

📖 WBPSC Miscellaneous Examination Syllabus

🌍 General Studies

General Studies tests candidates' knowledge across different fields and is important for both Preliminary and Main Examination preparation.

➗ Arithmetic

Arithmetic questions are based on the syllabus of the Madhyamik Examination of the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE).

✍️ Paper I – English

📝 Report writing
🔄 Translation into English
📄 Summary / Precis writing
✅ Correct use of words
✏️ Sentence correction
💬 Common phrases
🔤 Synonyms and Antonyms

Papers I and II are of Higher Secondary (10+2) Examination standard.

📝 Paper II – Bengali / Hindi / Urdu / Nepali / Santhali

Report writing
Translation from English
Precis writing
Grammar

🚀 Why Solve WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Papers?

🎯 Understand the actual question pattern
📌 Identify important and repeated topics
📊 Understand examination difficulty
⏱️ Improve time management
🔍 Find weak areas
✍️ Improve descriptive answer writing
💪 Build confidence before the examination

🔥 How to Prepare with WBPSC Miscellaneous PYQs?

📥 Download the previous year paper.
⏱️ Set the actual examination time.
✍️ Attempt the complete paper without study material.
✅ Check your answers after finishing.
🔎 Identify repeated topics and mistakes.
📚 Revise weak areas.
🔁 Repeat the process with other years.

💡 Smart Strategy: Maintain a small PYQ notebook and record frequently repeated topics, difficult questions and common mistakes.

🚀 Start Your WBPSC Preparation Today!

Download the available previous year papers, solve them like mock tests and analyse your performance.

📥 Download PYQ PDF

📌 Latest WBPSC Information

For the latest syllabus, examination pattern, notifications and other official information, candidates should always verify the latest notification released by the West Bengal Public Service Commission (WBPSC).

🔗 You May Also Like

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

Where can I download WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Question Papers?

You can download the available WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Previous Year Question Papers using the download links provided above.

How many marks is the WBPSC Miscellaneous Mains Examination?

The Mains Examination consists of three papers carrying a total of 450 marks.

How many marks is the WBPSC Miscellaneous Personality Test?

The Personality Test carries 100 marks.

Are Preliminary marks counted in the final merit list?

No. The Preliminary Examination is a screening test and its marks are not counted for preparing the final merit list.

Are previous year papers important for WBPSC Miscellaneous preparation?

Yes. PYQs help candidates understand the question pattern, important topics, difficulty level and frequently asked concepts.

⚠️ Important: Examination rules, syllabus, marks distribution and other details may be revised by WBPSC. Always verify the latest official notification before relying on examination details.

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year History Question and Answer

2026-08-23T19:58:43.251+05:30

🚨 MPESB MSPSTET 2026: Apply Online

2026-08-22T19:58:30.590+05:30

🚨 MPESB MSPSTET 2026: Apply Online, Last Date & Exam Schedule

The MPESB MSPSTET 2026 online application process has officially begun for the Primary and Secondary School Teacher Eligibility Test in Madhya Pradesh. Eligible candidates can apply online from 21 August to 4 September 2026.

🚀 MPESB MSPSTET 2026: Application Form is LIVE!
📅 Last Date: 04 September 2026 | 📝 Exam: 12 October 2026

👨‍🏫 For Primary & Secondary Teachers

🚀 Apply Start 21 Aug 2026

🔴 Last Date 04 Sep 2026

📝 Exam 12 Oct 2026

📋 MPESB MSPSTET 2026 – Highlights

📌 Particular	Details
🏛️ Board	Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board (MPESB)
📝 Exam	MSPSTET 2026
👨‍🏫 For	Primary & Secondary Teachers
🚀 Application Start	21 August 2026
🔴 Last Date	04 September 2026
✏️ Correction Last Date	09 September 2026
📝 Exam Starts	12 October 2026
💰 Application Fee	₹1,000 + applicable charges
🎂 Age Limit	18–40 Years
🌐 Mode	Online

🗓️ Important Dates

🟢 Application Start: 21 August 2026
🔴 Last Date to Apply: 04 September 2026
✏️ Correction Last Date: 09 September 2026
📝 Exam Start Date: 12 October 2026

⚠️ Important: Submit your application before 04 September 2026 to avoid last-minute technical issues.

🎓 MSPSTET 2026 Eligibility

MSPSTET 2026 is conducted for eligible Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Madhya Pradesh.

🎂 Age Limit: 18 to 40 years as on 01 January 2026, with applicable relaxation as per government rules.

📌 Candidates should carefully read the official rule book for complete eligibility criteria.

💰 Application Fee

💵 Examination Fee: ₹1,000
🖥️ Applicable portal/service charges may be additional.

Always verify the final payable amount on the official MPESB portal before making the payment.

🚀 How to Apply for MSPSTET 2026

Visit the official MPESB website (link given below).
Open the MSPSTET 2026 Online Application link.
Fill in your personal, educational, and employment details.
Upload the required documents (photo, signature, certificates).
Pay the application fee using the online gateway.
Submit the form and save/print the final application for future reference.

📄 Documents to Keep Ready

✅ Aadhaar / Valid Government ID
✅ Recent Photograph & Signature (scanned)
✅ Educational Qualification Certificates
✅ Teaching / Employment Experience Details
✅ Active Mobile Number & Email ID
✅ Online Payment Method (Card/Net Banking/UPI)

🔗 Important Links

🚀 APPLY ONLINE – MSPSTET 2026 🏛️ Official MPESB Website 📜 Download Official Rule Book (PDF)

❓ MPESB MSPSTET 2026 FAQs

What is MSPSTET 2026?

MSPSTET 2026 is the teacher eligibility test conducted by MPESB for the selection of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Madhya Pradesh.

What is the last date to apply for MSPSTET 2026?

The last date to apply online is 04 September 2026.

When will MSPSTET 2026 be conducted?

The examination is scheduled to begin from 12 October 2026.

What is the MSPSTET 2026 age limit?

The age limit is 18–40 years, subject to applicable rules and relaxation for reserved categories.

📦 TL;DR – Quick Summary

🚨 MPESB MSPSTET 2026
👨‍🏫 For: Primary & Secondary Teachers
🟢 Form Start: 21 August 2026
🔴 Last Date: 04 September 2026
✏️ Correction: 09 September 2026
📝 Exam: 12 October 2026
💰 Fee: ₹1,000 + applicable charges

🎯 Don't Miss the Deadline!

Read the official rule book carefully, confirm your eligibility, and complete your MPESB MSPSTET 2026 application before 04 September 2026. Good luck! 🚀

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Preliminary Question Paper Pdf Download

2026-08-20T21:32:31.596+05:30

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question Paper PDF Download

WBPSC Miscellaneous Question Paper PDF is useful for candidates preparing for the West Bengal Public Service Commission Miscellaneous Services Examination. Here you can download WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question Papers for the Preliminary Examination in PDF format. These previous year papers can help candidates understand the examination pattern, question difficulty and important topics.

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question Paper PDF

📄 WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Question Paper 2023

Candidates looking for the WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Question Paper 2023 PDF Download can download the 2023 Preliminary Examination question paper from the link given below.

Many candidates face difficulty finding WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question Papers. To make preparation easier, we have provided the available previous year Preliminary Examination question papers below.

Candidates can download the PDF files and use them for practice, revision, question pattern analysis and time management.

2023

WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Question Paper 2023 PDF Download

Download the WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Previous Year Question Paper 2023 in PDF format. This previous year paper is useful for candidates preparing for the WBPSC Miscellaneous Services Preliminary Examination.

📥 Download 2023 Question Paper PDF

2012 – 1st Half

WBPSC Miscellaneous Examination Previous Year Question Paper PDF – Preliminary Exam 2012 (1st Half)

📥 Download 2012 Question Paper PDF

2012 – 2nd Half

WBPSC Miscellaneous Examination Previous Year Question Paper PDF – Preliminary Exam 2012 (2nd Half)

📥 Download 2012 Question Paper PDF

2018

WBPSC Miscellaneous Examination Previous Year Question Paper PDF – Preliminary Exam 2018

📥 Download 2018 Question Paper PDF

2020

WBPSC Miscellaneous Examination Previous Year Question Paper PDF – Preliminary Exam 2020

📥 Download 2020 Question Paper PDF

WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year History Questiaon and Answer - Click Here

📌 Preparation Tip

Try to solve each previous year question paper within a fixed time limit. After completing the paper, analyse your mistakes and identify the topics that require more practice.

Why Should You Practice WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Papers?

Understand the WBPSC Miscellaneous Preliminary Examination pattern.
Identify important and frequently asked topics.
Improve your speed and accuracy.
Develop better time management skills.
Evaluate your preparation before the actual examination.
Understand the level and style of questions asked in previous examinations.

How to Use Previous Year Question Papers?

First, solve the paper without checking the answers.
Try to complete it within the expected examination time.
Check your answers after completing the paper.
Analyse incorrect and doubtful questions.
Revise the related topics and solve the paper again later.

📢 Latest Government Job & Exam Updates

Get the latest government job notifications, examination updates and useful study materials through our Telegram channel.

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WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question Paper PDF Download – Use these papers for effective exam preparation and revision.

Job365

WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER

WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER PDF

Hi all aspirants of WBCS examination. Today we will share WBCS 2024 prelims question paper that was held on 24th June 2026.

WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER PDF

Below is the link of WBCS 2024 PRELIMS QUESTION PAPER PDF DOWNLOAD

Click here to download

MECL Recruitment 2026: Apply Online for 122 Vacancies

MECL Recruitment 2026: 122 No Vacancies Announced

MECL Recruitment 2026

MECL Vacancy 2026 - Post Details

Eligibility Criteria

See Also: CSIR CMERI Technician Recruitment 2026

Selection Process & Salary

How to Apply for MECL Recruitment 2026?

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 – 100 Vacancies, Apply Online

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 – 100 Vacancies, Apply Online

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 Summery

GIMS Staff Nurse Vacancy 2026

GIMS Staff Nurse Eligibility 2026

Age Limit

Application Fee

GIMS Staff Nurse Exam Pattern 2026

GIMS Staff Nurse Syllabus 2026

How to Apply for the Post?

Important Dates

GIMS Staff Nurse Recruitment 2026 – Important Links

FAQs

How many Staff Nurse vacancies are available in GIMS?

What is the last date for GIMS Staff Nurse Apply Online?

What is the GIMS Staff Nurse age limit?

Is there negative marking in the GIMS Staff Nurse exam?

SVMCM Scholarship 2026: Eligibility, Amount, Apply Online, Last Date & Renewal

🎓 SVMCM Scholarship 2026: Eligibility, Amount, Apply Online, Last Date & Renewal

🎓 What Is SVMCM Scholarship?

📌 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Highlights

🎯 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Eligibility Criteria

📘 Higher Secondary Level

🎓 Undergraduate Level

🧪 Postgraduate Level

👩 Kanyashree K3 Eligibility

🔬 M.Phil and Ph.D

💰 SVMCM Scholarship Income Limit

💵 SVMCM Scholarship Amount 2026

📄 SVMCM Scholarship Documents Required

Fresh & Kanyashree Applications

Renewal Application Documents

📱 SVMCM Photo, Signature & PDF Size

📝 How to Apply for SVMCM Scholarship Online

Online Registration

Login & Complete Application

Upload Documents

Check & Submit

Save Your Details

👩‍🎓 SVMCM Kanyashree K3 Scholarship

🔄 SVMCM Scholarship Renewal 2026

Renewal Marks Requirement

General Degree / PG Renewal

MBBS Renewal

✏️ Can SVMCM Application Be Edited After Submission?

🏦 SVMCM Scholarship Payment

⚠️ Can I Receive Another Government Scholarship?

📅 SVMCM Scholarship 2026 Last Date & Important Dates

❓ SVMCM Scholarship 2026 FAQs

What is the SVMCM Scholarship?

What is the SVMCM Scholarship income limit?

What is the minimum percentage for SVMCM?

What is the maximum SVMCM Scholarship amount?

How many characters is the SVMCM Applicant ID?

Is hard-copy submission required for SVMCM?

What is the SVMCM photo size?

What is the SVMCM signature size?

What is the maximum SVMCM PDF size?

🌐 Official SVMCM Sources

🚀 Ready to Apply for SVMCM Scholarship?

WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question and Answer-- Geography

WBPSC Miscellaneous Prelims Previous Year Question and Answer-- Geography

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1. WBPSC Miscellaneous Previous Year Question 2023

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