Clinical Biomechanics RSS feed. https://www.clinbiomech.com/issues?journalCode=jclb&publicationCode=jclb&rss=yes Elsevier Inc. en © 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Clinical Biomechanics 0268-0033 2026-08-18-07:00 © 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. permissionshelpdesk@elsevier.com https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00198-1/fulltext?rss=yes While spinal implants restore spinal stability evaluations tend to miss early fatigue signatures, especially under chronic and repetitive loading. The purpose of this study is to better understand the mechanical behavior of Internal Spinal Fixation (ISF) and Vertebral Body Replacement (VBR). Evaluating biomechanical stress in internal spinal fixators and vertebral body replacements Sohail Daulat, Bhavesh Manne, Ayesha A. Waheed, Nikhil Dholaria, Qazi Zeeshan, Galal Elsayed, Jeremy Shaw, Rakshit Shah 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106943 Clinical Biomechanics (2026) 2026-08-16 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-08-16 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00196-8/fulltext?rss=yes Orthopedic Vulpius lengthening increased passive ankle dorsiflexion and improved aspects of gait mainly by elongating the Achilles tendon, but led to a shorter muscle belly and fascicles. This study provides insight into GM morphological changes and gait adaptations one year after Vulpius lengthening, and underscores the need to consider muscle morphology and function, rather than just passive joint range of motion, when planning and evaluating musculoskeletal procedures. Gastrocnemius medialis muscle morphology and function one year after Vulpius gastrocsoleus lengthening surgery in adolescents with cerebral palsy Babette M. Mooijekind, Gaia van den Heuvel, Marjolein M. van der Krogt, Melinda M.E.H. Witbreuk, Wouter Schallig, Richard T. Jaspers, Guido Weide, Lynn Bar-On, Annemieke I. Buizer 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106941 Clinical Biomechanics (2026) 2026-08-01 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-08-01 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00171-3/fulltext?rss=yes The main outcomes suggest a movement strategy to reduce the medial load, frequently the compartment most affected in knee OA patients. The OA group exhibited reduced force in vasti medialis, lateralis and intermedius during stand-to-sit, indicating a deficit in their ability to recruit these muscles eccentrically. Lastly, the contralateral knee experienced increased load during both tasks. Tibiofemoral contact forces and muscle demands in knee osteoarthritis patients during the stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand tasks Alexandre R.M. Pelegrinelli, Danilo S. Catelli, Erik Kowalski, Nicholas Ryan, Mario Lamontagne, Felipe A. Moura 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106916 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-07-07 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-07-07 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00170-1/fulltext?rss=yes After realignment surgery in adult spinal deformity, improvements in radiographic alignment and patient-reported outcomes did not translate into recovery of objective activity-level function or reduction of fear of falling within one year. These findings support the need for postoperative strategies targeting dynamic balance and persistent compensatory movement patterns. Persistent activity limitations and fear of falling after surgical correction of adult spinal deformity Tom Leppens, Pieter Severijns, Lotte Janssens, Sebastiaan Schelfaut, Lennart Scheys, Lieven Moke 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106915 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-07-07 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-07-07 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00168-3/fulltext?rss=yes Movement smoothness quantified by SPARC from a single IMU demonstrated exploratory potential for distinguishing differences in movement smoothness as a biomechanical indicator of functional quality between rotator cuff and other shoulder disorders. This simple, low-cost, objective approach may provide a complementary tool for assessing shoulder function in clinical practice, home-based evaluation, and telerehabilitation settings. Identifying rotator cuff disorders through shoulder movement quality: An exploratory study using a single inertial measurement unit Koyu Horibata, Shinichi Kawamoto, Daiki Nohara, Hiroki Shimizu, Momoko Nagai-Tanima, Tomoki Aoyama 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106913 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-07-07 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-07-07 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00167-1/fulltext?rss=yes Compared to traditional repair techniques, 3D printing combined with digital design offers biomechanical advantages such as more uniform stress distribution, lower peak stress, and superior stability, making it a viable alternative for tibial plateau fracture surgery. Biomechanical study of Tibial plateau fractures using 3D printing and digital design: A finite element analysis Honghu Lin, Guoshuai Liu, Jianjia Huang, Peishuai Zhao, Zhangke Xiong, Junjie Jiang, Meimei Wang, Chaoyong Bei 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106912 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-07-02 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-07-02 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00164-6/fulltext?rss=yes FCR-based measurements of lumbar alignment and mobility in postoperative THA patients demonstrated moderate to strong correlations with radiographic assessments. Although this method cannot completely replace radiographic evaluation, it may provide a non-invasive approach for repeated assessment of lumbar mobility when radiographic assessment is not feasible. Non-invasive measurement of lumbar mobility using a flexible curve ruler in patients with total hip arthroplasty Hiroyuki Tokuyasu, Eiki Tsushima, Mitsuru Takemoto, Claudio Vergari, Ayaka Nishimura, Hiroshi Kanoe, Youngwoo Kim 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106909 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-07-02 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-07-02 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00166-X/fulltext?rss=yes Children with ASD demonstrate altered jumping mechanics, characterized by shorter jumps and restricted lower-limb flexion, which may reflect coordination challenges distinct from general developmental delay. These findings underscore the importance of assessing and addressing motor skills in ASD to support physical activity and participation. Motor differences in jumping among children with and without autism spectrum disorder Ransi S.S. Subasinghe Arachchige, Pei-Chun Huang, Po-Tsun Chen, Chao-Ying Chen, Chia-Ling Chen, Chih-Hsiu Cheng, Roy T.H. Cheung 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106911 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-29 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-29 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00165-8/fulltext?rss=yes Mulligan taping with treadmill training may improve ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and stability, while both taping interventions may enhance dynamic balance. Treadmill-based gait practice may contribute to eyes-open static balance improvement. Biomechanical effects of Kinesio versus Mulligan ankle taping on balance and ankle function in chronic STROKE: A randomized controlled trial Younghwan Kwag, Jaesun Shim, Donghwan Park 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106910 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-29 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-29 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00163-4/fulltext?rss=yes Real-world posture behaviour was similar between individuals with and without LBP. Where differences were determined they related to temporal components such as frequencies which are masked with traditional postural estimates. These findings suggest that posture-pain relationships may vary substantially between individuals, emphasising the need for person-specific analysis in future research. Exploring real-world lumbar posture behaviour. A whole day comparison of individuals with low back pain and healthy controls Frederick A. McClintock, Andrew J. Callaway, Carol J. Clark, Elena Muñoz-Gómez, Raee S. Alqhtani, Jonathan M. Williams 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106908 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-29 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-29 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00161-0/fulltext?rss=yes These findings indicate that everyday footwear can induce measurable acute changes in gait biomechanics, mainly at the distal level. However, the clinical relevance and persistence of these effects remain uncertain and should be examined in future confirmatory and longitudinal studies. Acute changes in gait biomechanics in children with cerebral palsy due to barefoot vs. footwear condition – An exploratory study Stanislav Dimitri Siegel, Steffen Geisendorff, Peter Huppke, Mareike Sproll, Astrid Zech 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106906 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-24 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-24 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00162-2/fulltext?rss=yes Persistent neuromuscular and interlimb biomechanical differences six months after ACLR translate into altered internal knee load distribution during stair descent. Reduced knee extension moments and compensatory strategies shift load toward secondary stabilizing structures, potentially increasing the risk of cartilage degeneration. These findings provide a mechanical basis for understanding altered load distribution following ACL reconstruction and offer valuable insights for predicting long-term joint degeneration risk. Interlimb differences in knee joint loading and stress distribution following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during stair descent Ye Wei, Datao Xu, Zhifeng Zhou, Huiyu Zhou, Zanni Zhang, Qincheng Ge, Meizi Wang, Danica Janicijevic, Yi Yuan, Yaodong Gu 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106907 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-23 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-23 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00160-9/fulltext?rss=yes Bone-to-bone contact and gap minimization improve the initial mechanical environment in simple fracture configurations. When only partial apposition is possible, opposite-cortex contact is mechanically preferable to plate-side contact. In comminution, bridge constructs may promote load sharing favorable to secondary healing. Ensuring bone-to-bone contact reduces interfragmentary strain in forearm shaft plating: A finite element study Yusuke Matsuura, Takahiro Yamazaki, Aya Kanazuka, Seiji Ohtori, Takane Suzuki 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106905 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-23 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-23 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00157-9/fulltext?rss=yes Males with patellofemoral pain may have proximal muscle weakness which may cause compensatory increased hip and knee muscle activation to perform weight-bearing activities. Clinicians should consider knee flexor strengthening in management of males with patellofemoral pain. Reduced lower extremity strength, altered muscle activation, and unchanged kinetics during single-leg squatting in males with patellofemoral pain versus pain-free males: A cross-sectional analysis Lisa T. Hoglund, Amy H. Amabile, Thomas A. Hulcher, Victoria K. Polansky, Erin L. Dopke 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106902 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-22 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-22 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00158-0/fulltext?rss=yes ACL deficiency alters PF load distribution and induces localized overloading during dynamic knee flexion. Although ACLR partially restores PF mechanics, residual abnormalities persist, particularly in mean contact pressure. These findings may have implications for persistent PF symptoms after ACLR, but require validation in longitudinal clinical studies. Dynamic biomechanical effects of anterior cruciate ligament deficiency and reconstruction on patellofemoral joint contact characteristics: An in vitro study Jiuqing Zhao, Wenke Liu, Peng Wu, Jialong Ren, Jie Yang, Kun Xiao, Jun Zhou, Jiong Liu 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106903 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-20 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-20 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00156-7/fulltext?rss=yes These findings suggest that IFP stiffness may be related to the mechanical environment of the knee during weight-bearing gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Association between infrapatellar fat pad stiffness and gait-related mechanical characteristics in women with knee osteoarthritis Sayaka Okada, Masashi Taniguchi, Masahide Yagi, Shogo Okada, Kaede Nakazato, Yoshiki Motomura, Masashi Kobayashi, Kyoseki Kanemitsu, Hiroshige Tateuchi, Noriaki Ichihashi 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106901 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-20 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-20 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00159-2/fulltext?rss=yes Higher apparent paraspinal tissue stiffness at rest was associated with changes in the spinal geometric profile. Investigating the association between paraspinal soft tissue stiffness and spinal geometry during controlled forward flexion: A cross-sectional case-controlled investigation Adi Mithani, Emeric Bernier, Ahmed Aoude, Mark Driscoll 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106904 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-17 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-17 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00155-5/fulltext?rss=yes Under the influence of combined injuries, abdominal pressure and the prolapsed genital hiatus, the pathologic pelvic floor may progressively evolve from mild prolapse to moderate or severe prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall and bladder, as well as the uterus. The overall morphological characteristics are dominated by downward prolapse displacement. The combined force directs downward toward the orificium vaginae and the main mechanical support gradually shifts to the perineal body. Biomechanics of pathological pelvic floor: Finite element comparative analysis of the prolapsed pelvic floor Shuaiqi Si, Xiang Li, Ling Li, Jihong Shen, Tingqiang Yao 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106900 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-17 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-17 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00150-6/fulltext?rss=yes These findings support incorporating compliant coatings into talar implant designs to restore physiological contact mechanics, ultimately preserving cartilage health after total talar replacement. Finite element analysis of polycarbonate-urethane coatings for talus implant applications Maha Ead, Tao Liu, Nadr Jomha, Kajsa Duke, Lindsey Westover 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106895 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-11 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-11 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00148-8/fulltext?rss=yes Isometric protocols are commonly used to evaluate ankle strength after TAA or AA, especially in seated positions with knee flexion. Changes in ankle muscle strength following arthroplasty: A systematic review Andrés Felipe Villaquiran-Hurtado, Cristina Jimenez-Avila, Daniel Jerez-Mayorga 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106893 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-11 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-11 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 Review https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00145-2/fulltext?rss=yes While transition rods are effective in reducing the rod and nucleus pulposus stress, hooks are better in reducing UIV and annular stress. The results emphasize that hooks and transition rods may be preferred in osteoporotic and sagittal imbalance cases, respectively. Biomechanical evaluation of transition rods and sublaminar hooks for proximal junctional kyphosis prevention: A finite element study Sudharshan Tripathi, Prasannaah Hadagali, Amey Kelkar, Manoj Kodigudla, Hossein Elgafy 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106890 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-08 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-08 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00149-X/fulltext?rss=yes Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and daily steps increased to population-based normal levels reported in the literature by 6 and 12 months, respectively. The findings suggest that, compared to uninjured individuals, Achilles tendon rupture may not severely compromise overall health-promoting physical activity. Accelerometry-derived physical activity following Achilles tendon rupture: A prospective cohort study Maria Sukanen, Ra'ad M. Khair, Iida Laatikainen-Raussi, Ville Ponkilainen, Aleksi Reito, Arto J. Hautala, Taija Finni 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106894 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-07 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-07 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00147-6/fulltext?rss=yes Early restoration of affected-side hip flexion PROM and sagittal-plane hip excursion is a clinically interpretable biomechanical correlate of walking-speed recovery after hip fracture. This movement-specific signal supports a range-of-motion-to-kinematics-to-speed pathway warranting testing in larger studies. Affected-side hip flexion recovery is associated with gait-speed gain during early inpatient rehabilitation after hip fracture: A pilot prospective biomechanical analysis Junil So, Seohee Park, Yongwun Cho, Chang Han Lee, Min-Kyun Oh, Hayoung Byun 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106892 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-07 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-07 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00146-4/fulltext?rss=yes Functional classification using the SPPB provided greater sensitivity than chronological age in detecting early mobility decline. Gait variability emerged as a salient biomarker of impaired neuromuscular control. Integrating quantitative gait profiling with validated functional assessments may improve early screening, targeted intervention, and fall prevention strategies. Functional stratification reveals speed-independent gait impairments beyond chronological age Yuetong Wu, Xiangrui Wang, Todd M. Manini, Boyi Hu 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106891 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-06-06 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-06-06 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00135-X/fulltext?rss=yes Cooper’s ligaments tether the dermis to the pectoral fascia and play a key role in breast suspension, but they are still poorly represented in finite element (FE) models used for surgical planning. This work proposes a patient-specific computational framework that explicitly incorporates anatomically informed Cooper’s ligament networks into three-dimensional breast FE models. A computational framework for patient-specific breast modelling with anatomically informed Cooper’s ligament networks Hadil Khalifa, Fabrice Morestin, Benyebka Bou-Said, Francesco Marchetti 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106880 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-05-28 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-05-28 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 Original articles https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00137-3/fulltext?rss=yes A single session of ischemic preconditioning alters gait mechanics acutely in both limbs. Ischemic preconditioning is a novel, passive treatment that can potentially aid in modifying gait in knee osteoarthritis. Ischemic preconditioning alters gait mechanics in older adults with knee osteoarthritis Shraddha Shah, Nikou Nikoumanesh, Lindsay Slater Hannigan 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2026.106882 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-05-27 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-05-27 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(25)00297-9/fulltext?rss=yes This study provides a comparative assessment of healed-state strain distributions across common fixation constructs. By characterizing these environments, these data establish a biomechanical framework and highlight the interplay between implant design and bone quality. Further population-based studies are required to refine implant selection. In silico analysis of fixation device strain patterns in the postoperative proximal femur: Effects of bone quality during gait Yogesh Kumaran, Sophia Soehnlen, Christopher Haritos, Sanam Jhaveri, Sudharshan Tripathi, Humza Shaikh, Stephanie Di Stasi, Carmen E. Quatman 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106724 Clinical Biomechanics (2025) 2025-11-27 Clinical Biomechanics 2025-11-27 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(25)00293-1/fulltext?rss=yes Biofidelic finite element models built using image data captures population-based differences in hip fracture risk for the three main ethnic groups in Singapore. In the absence of 3D optical scans, predicting soft tissue shapes based on whole-body DXA scans, commonly available in clinical practice, yields similar fracture predictions based on simulated falls. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry based biofidelic finite element models for simulating falls to the hip: Impact of trochanteric soft tissue thickness on fracture risk Dheeraj Jha, Anitha D. Praveen, Alexander Baker, Anita Fung, Vee San Cheong, Preeti Gupta, Ecosse L. Lamoureux, Namki Hong, Yumie Rhee, Vanessa Jean Wen Koh, Halldór Pálsson, William R. Taylor, Angelique Wei-Ming Chan, Stephen J. Ferguson, Benedikt Helgason 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106720 Clinical Biomechanics (2025) 2025-11-21 Clinical Biomechanics 2025-11-21 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(25)00262-1/fulltext?rss=yes The distribution of hip fracture incidence predicted by the model included the clinical data for both groups. This In Silico trial can be applied in the future to improve clinical trial design and drug development, enabling a virtual pathway to the efficacy assessment of bone drugs. In silico clinical trial to predict the efficacy of alendronate for preventing hip fractures Sara Oliviero, Giacomo Savelli, Marco Viceconti, Antonino A. La Mattina 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106689 Clinical Biomechanics (2025) 2025-10-29 Clinical Biomechanics 2025-10-29 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(25)00080-4/fulltext?rss=yes All investigated devices could be safely used for stable and unstable intertrochanteric fractures. The extramedullary plate may present some biomechanical advantage with unstable fractures. Biomechanical comparison between three intramedullary nails and percutaneous compression plate in stable and unstable trochanteric fractures Luigi La Barbera, Atsuki Tanaka, Francesca Berti, Guido Antonini, Tomaso Villa 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106507 Clinical Biomechanics (2025) 2025-03-27 Clinical Biomechanics 2025-03-27 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(25)00076-2/fulltext?rss=yes The findings demonstrate that the individual motion parameters and fracture morphology influence the local healing parameters and create individual weight-bearing recommendations. Individual postoperative and preoperative workflow for patients with fractures of the lower extremities Annchristin Andres, Michael Roland, Kerstin Wickert, Bergita Ganse, Tim Pohlemann, Marcel Orth, Stefan Diebels 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106503 Clinical Biomechanics (2025) 2025-03-22 Clinical Biomechanics 2025-03-22 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(12)00269-0/fulltext?rss=yes This article has been withdrawn at the request of the Authors/Editor/Publisher. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. WITHDRAWN: Somatic sensibility to mechanical vibrations on the forearms of seniors and transradial amputees Tae Soo Bae, Mu Seong Mun 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2012.11.012 Clinical Biomechanics (2012) 2012-12-26 Clinical Biomechanics 2012-12-26 https://www.clinbiomech.com/article/S0268-0033(26)00176-2/fulltext?rss=yes Editorial Board 10.1016/S0268-0033(26)00176-2 Clinical Biomechanics 138, (2026) 2026-08 Clinical Biomechanics 2026-08 138 S0268-0033(26)X2005-8