<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552</id><updated>2024-12-19T10:27:58.503+07:00</updated><category term="Công nghệ"/><category term="Technology"/><category term="Services"/><category term="C"/><category term="Video"/><category term="C++"/><category term="News"/><category term="Tin tức"/><category term="Database"/><category term="Cơ sở dữ liệu"/><category term="Game"/><category term="Microsoft"/><category term="CSharp"/><category term="Life"/><category term="Music"/><category term="Âm nhạc"/><category term="C#"/><category term="Photography"/><category term="Money"/><category term="Algorithm"/><category term="English"/><category term="Sport"/><category term="Thể thao"/><category term="Language"/><category term="Mathematica"/><category term="Linux"/><category term="Scala"/><category term="Seo"/><category term="UNIX"/><category term="Awk"/><category term="Facebook"/><category term="Lua"/><category term="PDF"/><category term="Perl"/><category term="Sed"/><category term="Unix Socket"/><title type='text'>Cẩm nang Mobile</title><subtitle type='html'>Cẩm nang Mobile,Mobile tips, tất cả content trong 1 website duy nhất !!!</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>911</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-1202770934898513360</id><published>2021-10-07T09:48:00.007+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:48:56.837+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Hàm toán học có sẵn trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hầu hết các phần của Bài hướng dẫn chủ yếu xây dựng trên Bourne Shell nhưng trang này liệt kê tất cả các hàm toán học được xây dựng có sẵn trong Korn Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Korn Shell cung cấp sự truy cập tới bộ thiết lập tiêu chuẩn của các hàm toán học. Chúng được gọi bằng cách sử dụng cú pháp gọi hàm C:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(24, 21, 230); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Hàm&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;abs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Giá trị tuyệt đối&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Logarit tự nhiên&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;acos&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm arcos&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sin&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm sin&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;asin&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm arcsin&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sinh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm sin hyperbolic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cos&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm cos&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sqrt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Căn bậc hai&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cosh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm cos hyperpolic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm tan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;exp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm mũ&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tanh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hàm tan hyperpolic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;int&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phần nguyên&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/1202770934898513360/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ham-toan-hoc-co-san-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/1202770934898513360'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/1202770934898513360'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ham-toan-hoc-co-san-trong-shell.html' title='Hàm toán học có sẵn trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-5040596181759088523</id><published>2021-10-07T09:48:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:48:33.964+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Các lệnh hữu ích trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Chương này liệt kê danh sách các lệnh, bao gồm cú pháp và các miêu tả ngắn gọn. Để có thêm nhiều chi tiết về các lệnh này, bạn sử dụng:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$man command&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các file và thư mục trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh này cho phép bạn tạo các thư mục và điều khiển các file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(9, 43, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị nội dung file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi thư mục tới dirname&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;chgrp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi nhóm file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;chmod&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi sự cho phép&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sao chép file nguồn vào trong nơi đến&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xác định kiểu file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;find&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tìm kiếm các file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;grep&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tìm file với biểu thức quy chuẩn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;head&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị một vài dòng đầu của file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ln&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một link mềm trên tên cũ&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ls&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị thông tin về kiểu file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mkdir&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một thư mục dirname mới&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;more&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị dữ liệu trong mẫu được đánh số trang&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mv&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Di chuyển (đặt lại tên) một tên file cũ thành một tên file mới&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;pwd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In thư mục làm việc hiện tại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;rm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Gỡ bỏ (xóa) một file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;rmdir&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xóa một thư mục đang tồn tại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In một vài dòng cuối của thư mục&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;touch&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cập nhật truy cập và thời gian chỉnh sửa của một file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_1_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!2&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CITz1tekt_MCFcPMlgod7YEDwg&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_1&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2079243249&amp;amp;adk=4249125901&amp;amp;adf=3938695733&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2079243249&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574885&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fcac-lenh-huu-ich-trong-unix-linux-157661&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy5SnaRCGA2O9gOx5cC5wbEHj8fEdno-brqovUiq0io940rkL6FDXr8yr1z6pIWvnsy45_nZOsDCoSE3k4ehPpR85X0Q&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574884655&amp;amp;bpp=8&amp;amp;bdt=826&amp;amp;idt=1209&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280&amp;amp;correlator=4417636603703&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574886&amp;amp;ga_hid=31636126&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=1278&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44751036%2C31063014%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=4328527043426167&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=2&amp;amp;uci=a!2&amp;amp;btvi=1&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=Dv7v9vgDFY&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=1767&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thao tác dữ liệu trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các nội dung của file có thể dược so sánh và thay đổi với các lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(25, 10, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;awk&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Quét mẫu và tiến trình ngôn ngữ&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cmp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh nội dung của 2 file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;comm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh dữ liệu được phân loại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cut&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cắt các trường được chọn trong mỗi dòng của một file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;diff&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ so sánh file vi sai&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;expand&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Mở rộng các tab&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;join&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kết hợp file trên một số trường phổ biến&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;perl&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Ngôn ngữ thao tác dữ liệu&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ soạn luồng văn bản&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sort&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phân loại dữ liệu file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;split&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phân chia file thành các file nhỏ hơn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tr&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Biên dịch các ký tự&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;uniq&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Báo cáo các dòng được lặp trong một file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;wc&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tính toán số lượng từ, dòng, và ký tự&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;vi&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Mở bộ soạn văn bản vi&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;vim&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Mở bộ soạn văn bản vim&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;fmt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ định dạng văn bản đơn giản&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;spell&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra các lỗi chính tả văn bản&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ispell&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra các lỗi chính tả văn bản&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ispell&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra các lỗi chính tả văn bản&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;emacs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;GNU dự án Emacs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ex, edit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ soạn dòng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;emacs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;GNU dự án Emacs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;emacs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;GNU dự án Emacs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CPrv19ekt_MCFbvGFgUdSWIKBA&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574885&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fcac-lenh-huu-ich-trong-unix-linux-157661&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy5SnaRCGA2O9gOx5cC5wbEHj8fEdno-brqovUiq0io940rkL6FDXr8yr1z6pIWvnsy45_nZOsDCoSE3k4ehPpR85X0Q&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574884663&amp;amp;bpp=3&amp;amp;bdt=834&amp;amp;idt=1294&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C694x174&amp;amp;correlator=4417636603703&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574886&amp;amp;ga_hid=31636126&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=2416&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44751036%2C31063014%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=4328527043426167&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=HRLNLA6Rxi&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=1778&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nén file trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các file có thể được nén để tiết kiệm không gian. Các file bị nén có thể được tạo và thực hành với các lệnh dưới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 15, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;compress&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nén các file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;gunzip&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bỏ nén các file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;gzip&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phương thức nén thay thế GNU&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;uncompress&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bỏ nén các file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;unzip&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Liệt kê, kiểm tra và giải nén các file bị nén trong tài liệu ZIP&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;zcat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nối và liên kết các file bị nén&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;zcmp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh các file bị nén&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;zdiff&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh các file bị nén&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;zmore&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lọc file để quan sát crt của các văn bản bị nén&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nhận thông tin trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các tài liệu tra cứu và các sổ tay Unix đa dạng có sẵn trên mạng trực tuyến. Các lệnh shell sau sẽ cung cấp thông tin cho bạn:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(17, 21, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;apropos&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đặt vị trí các lệnh bằng từ khóa tra cứu.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;info&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị thông tin lệnh trên trang trực tuyến&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị sổ tay các trang trực tuyến&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;whatis&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tìm kiếm dữ liệu whatis cho các từ đầy đủ.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;yelp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ thẩm tra sự giúp đỡ GNOME&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giao tiếp mạng hệ thống trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh sau được sử dụng để gửi và nhận các file từ một host nội bộ tới một host điều khiển từ xa trên Thế giới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(7, 23, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ftp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chuyển file tới chương trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;rcp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Điều khiển từ xa việc sao chép file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;rlogin&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đăng nhập từ xa tới một Unix host&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;rsh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Điều khiển từ xa shell&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tftp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình truyền tải file thường&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;telnet&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo kết nối terminal tới host khác&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ssh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bảo an shell terminal hoặc sự kết nối lệnh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;scp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bảo an shell từ việc sao chép file từ xa&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sftp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bảo an shell từ gửi file tới chương trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một trong số các lệnh trên có thể bị hạn chế tại máy tính của bạn vì các lý do bảo mật.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo giữa các người sử dụng trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hệ thống Unix hỗ trợ các thông báo hiển thị trên màn hình tới người sử dụng khác và gửi mail tự động trên toàn Thế giới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(14, 22, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;evolution&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Công cụ điều khiển mail GNU trên Linux&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình gửi và đọc mail đơn giản&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mesg&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cho phép hoặc từ chối nhận các thông báo&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;parcel&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Gửi các file tới người dùng khác&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;pine&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tiện ích vdu-base mail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;talk&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nói chuyện với người sử dụng khác&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;write&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Ghi thông báo tới người sử dụng khác&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các chương trình tiện ích trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới là các công cụ và ngôn ngữ mà có sẵn dựa trên những gì bạn cài đặt trên hệ thống Unix của bạn:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 66, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;dbx&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình chỉnh lỗi Sun&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;gdb&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình chỉnh lỗi GNU (GNU debugger)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;make&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Duy trì các nhóm chương trình và các chương trình biên dịch&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;nm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In danh sách tên chương trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;size&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In kích cỡ của chương trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;strip&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dỡ bỏ bảng ký tự và đặt lại vị trí các bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cb&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ viết đúng (beautifier) chương trình C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cc&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ biên dịch ANSI C cho các hệ thống Suns SPARC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ctrace&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình chỉnh lỗi C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;gcc&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ biên dịch GNU ANSI C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;indent&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sắp chữ thụt vào và định dạng của nguồn chương trình C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;bc&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ xử lý ngôn ngữ số học tương tác&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;gcl&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;GNU Common Lisp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;perl&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Ngôn ngữ mục đích chung&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;php&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trang web ngôn ngữ được nhúng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;py&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ phiên dịch ngôn ngữ Python&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;asp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trang web ngôn ngữ được nhúng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;CC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ biên dịch C++ cho các hệ thống Suns SPARC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;g++&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ biên dịch GNU C++&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;javac&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ biên dịch JAVA&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;appletvieweir&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bộ thẩm tra vi mã JAVA&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;netbeans&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tích hợp môi trường phát triển JAVA trên Linux&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sqlplus&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chạy bộ phiên dịch Oracle SQL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;sqlldr&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chạy bộ tải dữ liệu Oracle SQL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mysql&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chạy bộ phiên dịch mysql SQL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh hỗn hợp trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các lệnh và thông tin thay đổi về hệ thống:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 35, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;chfn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi thông tin lệnh finger của bạn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;chgrp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi sở hữu nhóm của một file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;chown&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi người sở hữu&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;date&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In ngày&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;determin&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tự động tìm kiếm kiểu terminal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;du&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In dung lượng đĩa sử dụng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;echo&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phản xạ các đối số tới các chức năng tiêu chuẩn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;exit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thoát khỏi hệ thống&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;finger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In thông tin về những người sử dụng đã đăng nhập vào&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;groupadd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một nhóm người sử dụng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;groups&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ các thành viên của nhóm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;homequota&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ hạn ngạch và dung lượng file sử dụng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;iostat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Báo cáo các thống kế I/O&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;kill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Gửi một signal tới một chương trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;last&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị các đăng nhập cuối của những người sử dụng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;logout&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thoát khỏi Unix&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;lun&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Liệt kê các tên người dùng hoặc ID đăng nhập&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;netstat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ trạng thái của mạng hệ thống&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;passwd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi mật khẩu của người sử dụng cá nhân&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;passwd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi mật khẩu đăng nhập của bạn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;printenv&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị giá trị của một biến shell&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ps&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị trạng thái của các tiến trình hiện tại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ps&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In các thống kê trạng thái của tiến trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;quota -v&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị dung lượng sử dụng đĩa và các giới hạn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;reset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thiết lập lại chế độ terminal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;script&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Giữ scritp của khu vực terminal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;script&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lưu giữ kết quả đầu ra của một lệnh hoặc một tiến trình&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;setenv&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thiết lập các biến môi trường&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;stty&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thiết lập các chức năng terminal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;time&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thời gian của một lệnh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;top&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị tất cả các tiến trình hệ thống&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thiết lập chế độ terminal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;tty&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In tên terminal hiện tại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;umask&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ các sự cho phép mà được cung cấp để quan sát các file theo mặc định&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;uname&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị tên của hệ thống hiện tại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;uptime&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nhận thời gian hoạt động của hệ thống&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;useradd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một tài khoản sử dụng cá nhân&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;users&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In tên của những người sử dụng đã đăng nhập&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;vmstat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Báo cáo các thống kê bộ nhớ thực&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;w&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ những gì mà người dùng đã đăng nhập đang thực hiện&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;who&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Liệt kê danh sách những người dùng đã đăng nhập&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/5040596181759088523/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-lenh-huu-ich-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/5040596181759088523'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/5040596181759088523'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-lenh-huu-ich-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Các lệnh hữu ích trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-2591712100543779656</id><published>2021-10-07T09:47:00.007+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:47:56.604+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Signal và Trap trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Signals&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;là các tín hiệu ngắt phần mềm được gửi tới một chương trình báo rằng có một sự kiện nghiêm trọng đã xảy ra. Các sự kiện này có thể rất đa dạng từ các yêu cầu người sử dụng truy cập vào bộ nhớ bất hợp pháp. Một vài signal, như signal ngắt, chỉ rằng một người sử dụng đã đòi hỏi chương trình làm cái gì đó mà không trong sự kiểm soát.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới đây liệt kê các signal thông thường mà bạn có thể bắt gặp hoặc muốn sử dụng nó trong các chương trình của bạn:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(24, 12, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tên signal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Số hiệu signal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGHUP&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trì hoãn việc kiểm tra trên quản lý terminal hoặc sự dừng của quản lý tiến trình.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGINT&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Được thông báo nếu người sử dụng gửi một tín hiệu ngắt (Ctrl+C).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGQUIT&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Được thông báo nếu người sử dụng gửi một tín hiệu bỏ (Ctrl+D).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGFPE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Được thông báo nếu một hoạt động thuộc về toán không hợp pháp được thử chạy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGKILL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu một tiến trình nhận signal này, nó phải thoát ra ngay lập tức và sẽ không thực hiện các hoạt động làm sạch.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGALRM&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tín hiệu báo số lần thực hiện (Alarm Clock).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SIGTERM&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tín hiệu kết thúc phần mềm (được gửi bởi sigkill theo mặc định).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Danh sách các signal trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có một cách dễ dàng để liệt kê tất cả các signal được hỗ trợ bởi hệ thống của bạn. Chỉ cần thông báo lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;kill -l&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;và nó sẽ hiển thị tất cả các&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;signal&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;được hỗ trợ.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ kill &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;l
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGHUP       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGINT       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGQUIT      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGILL
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGTRAP      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGABRT      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGBUS       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGFPE
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGKILL     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGUSR1     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGSEGV     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGUSR2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGPIPE     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGALRM     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGTERM     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGSTKFLT
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGCHLD     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGCONT     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGSTOP     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGTSTP
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGTTIN     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGTTOU     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGURG      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;24&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGXCPU
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGXFSZ     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGVTALRM   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGPROF     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGWINCH
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGIO       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGPWR      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGSYS      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;36&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;37&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;39&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;41&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;42&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;44&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;46&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;47&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;49&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;51&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;54&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;55&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;58&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;59&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;61&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;62&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;64&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; SIGRTMAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Danh sách thực tế trên của signal là đa dạng và khác nhau giữa Solaris, HP-UX và Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hoạt động mặc định trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mỗi signal có một hoạt động mặc định liên kết với nó. Hoạt động mặc định với một&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;signal&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là hoạt động mà một script hoặc một chương trình thực hiện khi nó nhận được một signal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một trong số các hoạt động mặc định có thể là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Kết thúc tiến trình&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bỏ qua signal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Kết xuất lõi nhớ. Nó tạo một file gọi là core (lõi) chứa hình ảnh bộ nhớ của tiến trình khi nó nhận được signal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dừng tiến trình&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tiếp tục tiến trình bị dừng&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gửi các signal trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có một vài phương thức trong việc gửi các signal tới một chương trình hoặc một script. Một trong những phương thức phổ biến nhất là cho người sử dụng gõ phím Ctrl +C hoặc phím dừng trong khi một script đang chạy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi bạn nhấn phím&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Ctrl+C&lt;/strong&gt;, một SIGINT được gửi tới script và khi mỗi hành động mặc định đã xác định sẽ kết thúc script.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Phương thức phổ biến khác để gửi signal là sử dụng&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lệnh kill&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mà có cú pháp như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ kill &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;signal pid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây, signal là hoặc số hoặc tên của signal để gửi và pid là ID tiến trình mà signal nên được gửi tới. Ví dụ:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ kill &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gửi HUP hoặc signal dừng tới một chương trình mà đang chạy với ID tiến trình là 1001. Để gửi một kill signal tới tiến trình giống như vậy, bạn sử dụng lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_3_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!4&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CNmn9cOkt_MCFRrVTAId75gKig&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_3&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ kill &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ hủy tiến trình đang chạy có ID tiến trình 1001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trap signal trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi bạn nhấn phím&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Ctrl+C&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;hoặc phím dừng tại terminal của bạn trong suốt quá trình chạy một chương trình shell, thông thường thì chương trình đó bị ngay lập tức kết thúc, và dòng nhắc lệnh xuất hiện trở lại. Việc này có thể sẽ không luôn luôn làm bạn thích thú. Ví dụ, bạn có thể sẽ để lại hàng loạt các tập tin tạm thời mà không được dọn sạch.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trap signal&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là khá dễ dàng, và lệnh trap có cú pháp như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap commands signals&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây,&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;command&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;có thể là bất cứ lệnh Unix có hiệu lực nào, hoặc ngay cả là một chức năng đã định nghĩa của người sử dụng, và signal có thể là danh sách các signal mà bạn muốn trap.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có 3 cách sử dụng phổ biến để trap trong shell script:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dọn sạch các file tạm thời&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bỏ qua các signal&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dọn sạch các file tạm thời trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Như một ví dụ của lệnh trap, dưới đây chỉ cách bạn có thể gỡ bỏ một vài file và sau đó thoát khỏi nếu ai đó cố gắng bỏ dở chương trình từ terminal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;rm -f $WORKDIR/work1$$ $WORKDIR/dataout$$; exit&quot;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Từ điểm trong chương trình shell mà trap này được thực thi, hai tệp work1$$ và dataout$$ sẽ tự động bị dỡ bỏ nếu signal số 2 được nhận bởi chương trình.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vì thế nếu người sử dụng ngắt việc thi hành của chương trình thì sau đó trap này được chạy, bạn có thể được đảm bảo chắc chắn rằng hai file này sẽ được dọn sạch sẽ. Lệnh exit mà theo sau bởi rm là cần thiết bởi vì không có nó thì chương trình sẽ tiếp tục chạy tại điểm mà nó dừng lại khi signal được nhận.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_4_expand&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Signal số 1 được tạo để trì hoãn: hoặc ai đó cố tình treo dòng hoặc dòng một cách ngẫu nhiên bị ngắt kết nối.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể chỉnh sửa trap trước để cũng gỡ bỏ hai file đã xác định trong trường hợp này bằng cách thêm signal số 1 tới danh sách các signal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;rm $WORKDIR/work1$$ $WORKDIR/dataout$$; exit&quot;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bây giờ những file này sẽ bị gỡ bỏ nếu dòng bị treo hoặc nếu phím Ctrl+C được nhấn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh được xác định để trap phải được bao quanh trong trích dẫn nếu chúng chứa nhiều hơn một lệnh. Bạn cũng lưu ý rằng shell quét dòng lệnh tại thời điểm mà lệnh trap được chạy và cũng thưc hiện quét lần nữa khi một trong các signal được liệt kê được nhận.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vì thế trong ví dụ trước, giá trị của WORKDIR và $$ sẽ được thay đổi tại thời gian mà lệnh trap được chạy. Nếu bạn muốn sự thay đổi này xảy ra tại thời điểm mà hoặc signal số 1 hoặc số 2 được nhận, bạn có thể đặt các lệnh bên trong trích dẫn đơn như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;rm $WORKDIR/work1$$ $WORKDIR/dataout$$; exit&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bỏ qua các signal trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu lệnh được liệt kê cho trap là null, thì signal được xác định sẽ bị bỏ qua khi được nhận. Ví dụ, lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Xác định rằng signal ngắt bị bỏ qua. Bạn có thể muốn bỏ qua các signal cụ thể nào đó khi thực hiện một số hoạt động mà mà không muốn bị ngắt. Bạn có thể xác định nhiều signal bị bỏ qua như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi nhớ rằng đối số thứ nhất phải được xác định cho một signal để bị bỏ qua và cách trên là không cân bằng với cách viết sau, mà cách viết sau này có ý nghĩa riêng của nó:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn bỏ qua một signal, tất cả các shell phụ cũng bỏ qua signal đó. Tuy nhiên, nếu bạn xác định một hành động được thực hiện khi nhận được signal thì tất cả các shell phụ cũng sẽ vẫn thực hiện hành động đó khi nhận được signal đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thiết lập lại trap trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau khi bạn đã thay đổi các hành động mặc định khi nhận được một signal, bạn có thể thay đổi trở lại lần nữa với trap, nếu bạn đơn giản bỏ qua đối số đầu tiên như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ trap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/2591712100543779656/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/signal-va-trap-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2591712100543779656'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2591712100543779656'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/signal-va-trap-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Signal và Trap trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4534943953645506311</id><published>2021-10-07T09:47:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:47:25.659+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Hệ thống ghi log trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Các hệ thống Unix có hệ thống ghi log rất mạnh và linh động, mà cho bạn khả năng để ghi lại hầu hết mọi thứ bạn có thể tưởng tượng và sau đó thao tác sự ghi log này để truy xét thông tin bạn yêu cầu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Rất nhiều phiên bản của Unix cung cấp một phương tiện dễ dàng ghi log với mục đích chung gọi là syslog. Mỗi chương trình cần thông tin ghi log được gửi tới syslog.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;syslog trong Unix là một host có thể định hình, là phương tiện ghi log hệ thống đồng dạng. Hệ thống sử dụng một tiến trình ghi log hệ thống trung tâm mà chạy chương trình&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;/etc/syslogd&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;hoặc&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/etc/syslog&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hoạt động của hệ thống ghi log là không phức tạp. Các chương trình gửi cửa vào ghi log tới syslogd, mà tham vấn từ file định cấu hình /etc/syslogd.conf hoặc /etc/syslog và khi một kết nối được tìm thấy, nó ghi thông tin ghi log tới file ghi log đã yêu cầu.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;filled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới liệt kê 4 mục syslog cơ bản mà bạn nên hiểu:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(24, 27, 237); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Mục&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Facility (phương tiện)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dấu hiệu nhận diện được sử dụng để miêu tả ứng dụng hoặc tiến trình mà đệ trình tới thông báo log. Các ví dụ là mail, kernel, và ftp.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Priority (quyền ưu tiên)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Một chỉ dẫn quan trọng của thông báo. Các mức được xác định trong syslog như một guideline, từ việc chỉnh lỗi thông tin tới các sự kiện quan trọng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Selector (bộ chọn)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Một sự kết nối của một hoặc nhiều phương tiện và mức độ. Khi một sự kiện mới đến kết nối với một bộ chọn, một hành động được thực hiện.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Action (hành động)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Điều gì xảy ra khi một thông tin mới đến kết nối với một bộ chọn. Các hành động có thể ghi thông tin tới file ghi log, phản xạ thông tin tới một bàn điều khiển hoặc thiết bị khác, ghi thông báo tới hệ thống ghi log của người sử dụng hoặc gửi thông báo cùng với máy chủ syslog khác.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;filled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; 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marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574793&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fhe-thong-ghi-log-trong-unix-linux-157655&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy6Kzc8YK38R8IsLe47GTabSaVJGAvxGo0m5C68ZpeRrW67iBa72UUUmBHhPR3IFnLC2A0unkFGIBiHlmhU9a4HC4HQl&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574793620&amp;amp;bpp=14&amp;amp;bdt=2045&amp;amp;idt=1545&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=1608151554213&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574795&amp;amp;ga_hid=1498524161&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=1629&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44751037%2C31060032%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H_cQRlpcfhu4rRys9iYzgl1WR8sAF05kM3CH9FhFoo9aNwTdSIv3tR-mqZcQOlM96EJTjlBlg4MQiE&amp;amp;pvsid=2577837108845374&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=BJxCN55SbY&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=23173&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 675px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;675&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các phương tiện syslog trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các phương tiện có sẵn cho bộ chọn. Không phải tất cả các phương tiện có mặt trên tất cả các phiên bản của Unix.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(14, 36, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Facility&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;auth&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các hoạt động liên quan đến yêu cầu tên và mật khẩu (getty, su, login)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;authpriv&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tương tự như auth nhưng ghi log tới một file mà chỉ có thể được đọc bởi những người dùng được chọn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;console&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng để bắt các thông báo mà thường trực tiếp gửi tới bàn điều khiển hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cron&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo từ người lập hệ thống cron.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hệ thống daemon nhận tất cả.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ftp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo liên quan đến hệ thống ftp deamon.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;kern&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo kernel.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;local0.local7&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các phương tiện nội bộ được xác định cho mỗi site.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;lpr&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo từ dòng hệ thống in.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo liên quan tới hệ thống mail.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mark&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các sự kiện giả được sử dụng để tạo timestamp trong các file hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo liên quan tới mạng lưới giao thức tin tức (network news protocol)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ntp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo liên quan đến giao thức thời gian mạng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;user&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các tiến trình người dùng thông thường.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;uucp&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hệ thống phụ UUCP.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_3_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!4&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CPqXxLakt_MCFUFQYAodkzgCJw&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_3&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2737970258&amp;amp;adk=1511693662&amp;amp;adf=1377782196&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2737970258&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574793&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fhe-thong-ghi-log-trong-unix-linux-157655&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy6Kzc8YK38R8IsLe47GTabSaVJGAvxGo0m5C68ZpeRrW67iBa72UUUmBHhPR3IFnLC2A0unkFGIBiHlmhU9a4HC4HQl&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574793634&amp;amp;bpp=5&amp;amp;bdt=2059&amp;amp;idt=1536&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=1608151554213&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574795&amp;amp;ga_hid=1498524161&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=2542&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44751037%2C31060032%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H_cQRlpcfhu4rRys9iYzgl1WR8sAF05kM3CH9FhFoo9aNwTdSIv3tR-mqZcQOlM96EJTjlBlg4MQiE&amp;amp;pvsid=2577837108845374&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=4&amp;amp;uci=a!4&amp;amp;btvi=3&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=DDpUnaJiLo&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=23185&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các quyền ưu tiên syslog trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các quyền ưu tiên syslog được tổng hợp ở dưới bảng sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(16, 20, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Quyền ưu tiên&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;emerg&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tình trạng khẩn cấp, như một sự ngưng hoạt động hệ thống sắp xảy ra, thường được thông báo tới tất cả người dùng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;alert&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tình trạng mà nên được chỉnh lại cho đúng ngay lập tức, như một dữ liệu hệ thống bị hư hỏng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;crit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tình trạng nghiêm trọng, như lỗi phần cứng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;err&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các lỗi thông thường.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;warning&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cảnh báo.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;notice&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tình trạng mà không là lỗi, nhưng có lẽ nên được thực hiện theo một cách đặc biệt.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;info&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thông báo mang tính thông tin.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;debug&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các thông báo mà được sử dụng khi chỉnh lỗi các chương trình.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;none&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các mức giả tạo được sử dụng để xác định không log các thông báo.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự kết nối của các phương tiện và các mức cho bạn khả năng để thấy rõ về những gì được ghi log và nơi mà các thông tin bắt nguồn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi mỗi chương trình gửi các thông báo của nó một cách nghiêm túc tới hệ thống ghi log, trình ghi log tạo các quyết định về những gì để theo dõi nó và những gì để loại bỏ nó ở các mức được xác định trong bộ chọn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi bạn xác định một mức, hệ thống sẽ theo dõi mọi thứ tại mức đó và cao hơn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tệp /etc/syslog.conf trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tệp này điều khiển nơi các thông báo được log. Một tệp&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;syslog.conf&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;đặc trưng có thể trông giống như thế này:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;kern&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;debug&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;auth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;notice &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;console
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;auth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;notice           &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;messages
lpr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;info                     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;lpr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                       &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log
ftp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                        &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ftp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log
auth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                       &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;@prep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;edu
auth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;                       root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;amrood
netinfo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;err                  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;netinfo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log
install&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                    &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;install&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;emerg                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;alert                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;program_name
mark&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                       &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;console&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mỗi dòng của file chứa hai phần:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một bộ chọn thông báo mà xác định loại thông báo để log. Ví dụ, tất cả các thông báo lỗi hoặc tất cả các thông báo chỉnh lỗi từ kernel.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một trường hành động mà nói những gì nên được làm với thông báo đó. Ví dụ, đặt nó trong một file hoặc gửi thông báo tới terminal của một người dùng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các điểm đáng chú ý cho sự định cấu hình trên:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các bộ chọn thông báo gồm hai phần: một phương thức và một quyền ưu tiên. Ví dụ, kern.debug chọn tất cả các thông báo debug (có Priority) được tạo bởi kernel (có Facility).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bộ chọn thông báo&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;kern.debug&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;chọn tất cả các quyền ưu tiên mà ưu tiên hơn chỉnh lỗi.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một dấu sao * trong vị trí hoặc của phương thức hoặc quyền ưu tiên ám chỉ rằng &quot;tất cả&quot;. Ví dụ, *.debug nghĩa là tất cả các thông báo chỉnh lỗi, trong khi kern.* nghĩa là tất cả các thông báo được tạo ra bởi kernel.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn cũng có thể sự dụng các dấu phảy để xác định nhiều phương thức. Hai hoặc nhiều bộ chọn có thể được nhóm lại với nhau bằng cách sử dụng một dấu chấm phảy (;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hành động ghi log trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trường hành động xác định một trong 5 hành động sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thông tin ghi log tới một file hoặc một thiết bị. Ví dụ, /var/log/lpr.log hoặc /dev/console.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gửi một thông báo tới một người sử dụng. Bạn có thể xác định nhiều tên sử dụng bằng việc ngăn cách chúng bởi dấu phảy (ví dụ root, amrood).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gửi một thông báo tới tất cả người dùng. Trong trường hợp này, trường hành động bao gồm một dấu *.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gửi một thông báo thông qua pipe tới một chương trình. Trong trường hợp này, chương trình được xác định sau ký hiệu pipe (|).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gửi thông báo tới syslog trên một host khác. Trong trường hợp này, trường hành động bao gồm một tên host, được đặt trước bởi một dấu hiệu (ví dụ: @tutorialspoint.com)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh logger trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix cung cấp lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;logger&lt;/strong&gt;, mà là một lệnh thực sự hữu ích để giải quyết hệ thống ghi log. Lệnh logger gửi các thông báo ghi log tới&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;syslogd deamon&lt;/strong&gt;, và do đó kích thích hệ thống ghi log.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; 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id=&quot;aswift_5&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_5&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=3140421014&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574793&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fhe-thong-ghi-log-trong-unix-linux-157655&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy6Kzc8YK38R8IsLe47GTabSaVJGAvxGo0m5C68ZpeRrW67iBa72UUUmBHhPR3IFnLC2A0unkFGIBiHlmhU9a4HC4HQl&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574793650&amp;amp;bpp=7&amp;amp;bdt=2076&amp;amp;idt=2673&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174%2C694x174%2C694x174%2C336x672%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=1608151554213&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574795&amp;amp;ga_hid=1498524161&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=4577&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=1565&amp;amp;eid=44751037%2C31060032%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H_cQRlpcfhu4rRys9iYzgl1WR8sAF05kM3CH9FhFoo9aNwTdSIv3tR-mqZcQOlM96EJTjlBlg4MQiE%2CAGkb-H8euvhNpDxSzHiK0qWsJB2D2qp5-3ktP9X1u_6DSu39rb6Tz6eOkeFD8nDRMr-le9Y3jjDvWJuz1OShDQ%2CAGkb-H_8zrNVHQrsO7KJKBQZaM77x_3BKFemuPi91PIcgsesiJ36cOJJwzRDEe4qZqUcLXkqPABSxgbjMgI&amp;amp;pvsid=2577837108845374&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C1536%2C824%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=6&amp;amp;uci=a!6&amp;amp;btvi=6&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=rOyv9zay7W&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=36650&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điều này có nghĩa là chúng ta có thể kiểm tra từ dòng lệnh tại bất cứ thời gian nào. Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;logger&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;cung cấp một phương thức để thêm cổng vào một dòng tới hệ thống ghi log file từ dòng lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Định dạng của lệnh là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;logger &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;f file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;p priority&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;t tag&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;message&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là chi tiết về các tham số.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(14, 37, 237); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Chức năng&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-f filename&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng nội dung của tên file như thông báo để log.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-i&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;log ID tiến trình của tiến trình logger với mỗi dòng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-p priority&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nhập thông báo với quyền ưu tiên được xác định (lối vào bộ chọn được xác định); quyền ưu tiên thông báo có thể được xác định ở dạng số hoặc như là cặp phương thức.quyền ưu tiên. Quyền ưu tiên mặc định là user.notice.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-t tag&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đánh dấu mỗi dòng được thêm tới hệ thống log với thẻ đã xác định.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;message&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các tham số chuỗi mà nội dung được kết nối cùng nhau theo thứ tự xác định, riêng rẽ bởi khoảng trống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự luân phiên log trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các log file có thiên hướng tăng lên rất nhanh và chiếm một khoảng lớn của không gian đĩa. Để cho phép khả năng luân phiên log, hầu hết phiên bản sử dụng các công cụ như&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;newsyslog hoặc logrotate&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Những công cụ này nên được gọi trên một khoảng không gian thường xuyên bằng cách sử dụng cron deamon. Bạn truy cập vào chương Trang trợ giúp (Manpage Help) để biết thêm chi tiết về newsyslog hoặc logrotate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các vị trí log quan trọng trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả ứng dụng hệ thống tạo các tệp log trong&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;/var/log&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;và các thưc mục phụ của nó. Dưới đây là một số ứng dụng quan trọng và các thư mục log tương ứng của chúng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(30, 26, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ứng dụng&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Thư mục&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;httpd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/var/log/httpd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;samba&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/var/log/samba&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;cron&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/var/log/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/var/log/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;mysql&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/var/log/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4534943953645506311/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/he-thong-ghi-log-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4534943953645506311'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4534943953645506311'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/he-thong-ghi-log-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Hệ thống ghi log trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-8251533129996949411</id><published>2021-10-07T09:46:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:46:56.995+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Hiệu năng hệ thống trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Mục đích của chương hướng dẫn này là giới thiệu phân tích hiệu năng bằng các công cụ có sẵn để giám sát và quản lý hiệu năng trên các hệ thống Unix, và để cung cấp một nguyên tắc chỉ đạo chung về cách để phát hiện và sửa các vấn đề về hiệu năng trong môi trường Unix.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix có các kiểu nguồn chính sau mà cần được giám sát kiểm tra và được bật lên:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;CPU&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bộ nhớ&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Không gian đĩa&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các dây dẫn giao tiếp&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;I/O Time&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thời gian mạng&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các chương trình ứng dụng&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các thành phần hiệu năng trong&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây liệt kê 5 thành phần chính:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 45, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Thành phần&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trạng thái CPU người sử dụng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng thời gian thực tế mà CPU dành để chạy chương trình của người sử dụng trong trạng thái người dùng. Nó bao gồm thời gian dành để chạy các triệu hồi thư viện, nhưng không bao gồm thời gian dành trong Kernel.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trạng thái CPU hệ thống&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng thời gian mà CPU dành cho chương trình này trong trạng thái hệ thống. Tất cả chương trình I/O yêu cầu các sự phục vụ Kernel. Người viết chương trình có thể ảnh hưởng giá trị này bằng cách sử dụng khóa kết nối I/O.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thời gian I/O và mạng hệ thống&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng thời gian dành cho di chuyển dữ liệu và phục vụ các yêu cầu I/O.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiệu năng bộ nhớ ảo&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó bao gồm sự chuyển mạch và trao đổi bối cảnh.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình ứng dụng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thời gian dành cho chạy các chương trình khác – khi hệ thống không phục vụ ứng dụng này bởi vì ứng dụng khác hiện tại đang có trong CPU.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các công cụ hiệu năng trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix cung cấp các công cụ quan trọng để đo lường và tinh chỉnh hiệu năng hệ thống:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(16, 49, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;nice/renice&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chạy một chương trình với quyên ưu tiên được sửa đổi trước.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;netstat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In các kết nối mạng hệ thống, bảng định tuyến, các thống kê giao diện, các kết nối ẩn danh và các thành viên multicast.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;time&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng thời gian một lệnh đơn hoặc cung cấp cách sử dụng nguồn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;uptime&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trung bình tải hệ thống (SLA – System Load Average)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;ps&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Báo cáo một ảnh chụp nhanh (snapshot) của các tiến trình hiện tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;vmstat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Báo cáo các thống kê về bộ nhớ ảo.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;gprof&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị gọi đồ thị dữ liệu profile.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;prof&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tiến trình profile&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;top&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị các nhiệm vụ của hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/8251533129996949411/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/hieu-nang-he-thong-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/8251533129996949411'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/8251533129996949411'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/hieu-nang-he-thong-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Hiệu năng hệ thống trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4604358916861910402</id><published>2021-10-07T09:45:00.001+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:45:08.961+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Vòng lặp select trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp select cung cấp một cách dễ dàng để tạo một menu được đánh số từ đó người sử dụng có thể chọn lựa. Nó là hữu ích khi bạn muốn hỏi người sử dụng để chọn một hoặc nhiều mục từ một danh sách các lựa chọn.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;select&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; word1 word2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; wordN
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   cac lenh de thuc thi cho moi word&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là tên một biến và word1 tới wordN là dãy các ký tự phân biệt nhau bởi khoảng trống. Cứ mỗi lần vòng lặp thực thi, giá trị biến var được thiết lập tới word tiếp theo trong danh sách các word, từ word1 tới wordN.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đối với mỗi lựa chọn, một tập hợp các lệnh sẽ được thực thi bên trong vòng lặp. Vòng lặp này được giới thiệu trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ksh&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;và đã được điều chỉnh vào trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bash&lt;/strong&gt;. Nó là không có sẵn trong sh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ đơn giản dưới đây cho người sử dụng chọn một đồ uống trong danh sách các đồ uống.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/ksh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;select&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; DRINK &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; tea cofee water juice appe all none
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;case&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $DRINK &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
      tea&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cofee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;all&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; 
         echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Go to canteen&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
         &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
      juice&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;appe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
         echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Available at home&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
      none&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; 
         &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt; 
      &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;;&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;ERROR: Invalid selection&quot;&lt;/span&gt; 
      &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;;&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;esac&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Menu được hiển thị bởi vòng lặp&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;select&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;trông như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; tea
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; cofee
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; water
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; juice
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; appe
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; all
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; none
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#? juice&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Available&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; at home
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#? none&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể thay đổi dòng nhắc được hiển thị bởi&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;vòng lặp select&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;bởi thay đổi biến PS3 như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$PS3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Please make a selection =&amp;gt; &quot;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;export&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; PS3
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; tea
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; cofee
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; water
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; juice
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; appe
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; all
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; none
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Please&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; make a selection &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; juice
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Available&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; at home
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Please&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; make a selection &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; none
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4604358916861910402/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-select-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4604358916861910402'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4604358916861910402'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-select-trong-shell.html' title='Vòng lặp select trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-2324512262974360195</id><published>2021-10-07T09:44:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:44:32.439+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Quản lý người dùng trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Có 3 kiểu tài khoản trên một hệ thống Unix:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tài khoản gốc (Root account)&lt;/strong&gt;: Nó còn được gọi là superuser và sẽ có sự điều khiển tuyệt đối tới hệ thống. Một superuser có thể chạy bất cứ lệnh nào mà không bị hạn chế. Người sử dụng này có thể được ví như người quản lý hệ thống.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các tài khoản hệ thống&lt;/strong&gt;: Các tài khoản hệ thống được cần cho các hoạt động riêng trong hệ thống như tài khoản mail và các tài khoản sshd. Những tài khoản này thường được cần cho một số chức năng riêng trên hệ thống của bạn, và bất cứ sự chỉnh sửa nào tới chúng có thể ảnh hưởng bất lợi tới hệ thống.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các tài khoản người dùng cá nhân&lt;/strong&gt;: Các tài khoản này cung cấp sự truy cập mang tính tương tác tới hệ thống với người dùng và nhóm sử dụng và thường bị giới hạn truy cập vào những file và thư mục có tính chất quan trọng.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix hỗ trợ một khái niệm là tài khoản nhóm Group Account mà tạo nhóm một số tài khoản một cách logic. Mỗi tài khoản sẽ là một phần của bất cứ tài khoản nhóm nào. Nhóm trong Unix đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc thực hiện sự quản lý về tiến trình và cho phép tới file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;toc&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: left; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 8px 0px; overflow-y: auto; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background: url(&amp;quot;themes/default/images/ic_expand_more_black_24dp_1x.png&amp;quot;) right top no-repeat; border: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 8px 8px 8px 16px; padding: 0px 32px 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;Quản lý user trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; font: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 8px 0px 0px; padding: 8px 8px 0px 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29bhink0&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Quản lý người và nhóm sử dụng trong Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29bhinl1&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Tạo một nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29bhinl2&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Chỉnh sửa một nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29bhinl3&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Xóa một nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29bhinl4&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Tạo một tài khoản cá nhân trong Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29bhinl5&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Chỉnh sửa một tài khoản&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d293cqpm2&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra tài khoản&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651#mcetoc_1d29l6guv0&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Xóa một tài khoản trong Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29bhink0&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Quản lý người và nhóm sử dụng trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có 4 file chính quản lý người sử dụng:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/etc/passwd: Giữ tài khoản người dùng và thông tin mật khẩu. File này giữ các thông tin quan trọng về các tài khoản trên hệ thống Unix.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/etc/shadow: Giữ mật khẩu được biên thành mật mã của tài khoản tương ứng. Không phải tất cả các hệ thống đều hỗ trợ file này.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/etc/group: File này giữ thông tin nhóm cho mỗi tài khoản.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/etc/gshadow: File này giữ các thông tin tài khoản nhóm bảo mật.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; 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frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=1377782196&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574564&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fquan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unix-linux-157651&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy4XHYXBqIz2hWTOrg_rvQ_QvAIKJ0M1glqxY4wJ4oHMp0V_2njn70rriL0voS-c3mdH18ysMd5dDy7x3yH2g85O6jcS&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574564141&amp;amp;bpp=4&amp;amp;bdt=1558&amp;amp;idt=1264&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=5377716884922&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574565&amp;amp;ga_hid=654966950&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=1510&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=31062944%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=2382293854027848&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=1&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=dJc6Cpqbmq&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=67421&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể kiểm tra tất cả các file trên với lệnh cat.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các lệnh có trong phần lớn các hệ thống Unix để tạo và quản lý các tài khoản cá nhân và nhóm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 67, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;useradd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thêm các tài khoản cá nhân tới hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;usermod&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉnh sửa các thuộc tính của tài khoản cá nhân.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;userdel&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xóa các tài khoản cá nhân từ hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;groupadd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thêm các tài khoản nhóm tới hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;groupmod&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉnh sửa các thuộc tính của tài khoản nhóm.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;groupdel&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dỡ bỏ các tài khoản nhóm khỏi hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29bhinl1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sẽ cần tạo các nhóm trước khi tạo bất kỳ một tài khoản nào, nếu không thì bạn phải sử dụng các nhóm đang tồn tại trên hệ thống của bạn. Bạn sẽ có tất cả các nhóm được liệt kê trong tệp /etc/groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các nhóm mặc định sẽ là các nhóm tài khoản cụ thể trên hệ thống và nó không được đề nghị để sử dụng chúng cho các tài khoản thông thường. Vì thế, dưới đây là cú pháp để tạo một nhóm tài khoản mới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; groupadd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;g gid &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; groupname&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới liệt kê chi tiết các tham số:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(29, 14, 237); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Tùy chọn&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-g GID&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Giá trị số của ID nhóm.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-o&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tùy chọn này cho phép để thêm nhóm với GID không duy nhất.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-r&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dấu hiệu này chỉ thị sự thêm nhóm tới tài khoản hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-f&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tùy chọn này khiến cho nó chỉ thoát ra với trạng thái thành công nếu nhóm đã xác định đã tồn tại. Với –g, nếu GID đã tồn tại, thì GID khác (duy nhất) được chọn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;groupname&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tên nhóm thực sự được tạo.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn không xác định bất cứ tham số nào thì hệ thống sẽ sử dụng các giá trị mặc định.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ sau sẽ tạo một nhóm developers với các giá trị mặc định, mà được chấp thuận bởi hầu hết các nhà quản lý.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ groupadd developers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29bhinl2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chỉnh sửa một nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để chỉnh sửa một nhóm, sử dụng cú pháp&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lệnh groupmod&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ groupmod &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n new_modified_group_name old_group_name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để thay đổi tên nhóm developers_2 thành deverloper, bạn gõ như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ groupmod &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n developer developer_2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là cách thay đổi GID thành 545:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ groupmod &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;g &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;545&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; developer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29bhinl3&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Xóa một nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để xóa một nhóm đang tồn tại, tất cả thứ bạn cần làm là lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;groupdel&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;và tên nhóm đó. Để xóa nhóm developer, lệnh là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ groupdel developer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh này chỉ gỡ bỏ nhóm, không phải bất kỳ file nào liên quan tới nhóm. Các file là vẫn có thể truy cập được bởi người sở hữu của nó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29bhinl4&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một tài khoản cá nhân trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hãy cùng chúng tôi xem cách tạo một tài khoản cá nhân mới trên hệ thống Unix của bạn. Dưới đây là cú pháp để tạo một tài khoản cá nhân:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;useradd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;d homedir &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;g groupname &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;m &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;s shell &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;u userid accountname&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới liệt kê chi tiết các tham số:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(41, 30, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Tùy chọn&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-d homedir&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xác định thư mục chính cho tài khoản.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-g groupname&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xác định một tài khoản nhóm cho tài khoản cá nhân này.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-m&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo thư mục chính nếu nó không tồn tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-s shell&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xác định shell mặc định cho tài khoản cá nhân này.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-u userid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể xác định ID cá nhân cho tài khoản này.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;accountname&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tên tài khoản cá nhân thực sự được tạo ra.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_4_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn không xác định bất kỳ tham số nào thì hệ thống sẽ sử dụng các giá trị mặc định. Lệnh useradd chỉnh sửa các tệp /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group và tạo một thư mục chính.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ mà sẽ tạo một tài khoản mcmohd thiết lập thư mục chính của nó tới /home/mcmohd và nhóm là developers. Người sử dụng này là Kenny Chính mà được chỉ định cho nó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ useradd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;d &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;home&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mcmohd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;g developers &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ksh mcmohd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trước khi thông báo lệnh trên, bảo đảm rằng bạn đã có nhóm developers được tạo bằng lệnh groupadd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi một tài khoản cá nhân được tạo, bạn có thể thiết lập mật khẩu cho nó bằng cách sử dụng lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ passwd mcmohd20
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Changing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; password &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; user mcmohd20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;New&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; UNIX password&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Retype&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;new&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; UNIX password&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
passwd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; all authentication tokens updated successfully&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi bạn gõ passwd accountname, nó cung cấp cho bạn tùy chọn để thay đổi mật khẩu được cung cấp nếu bạn là superuser, nếu không thì bạn chỉ có thể thay đổi mật khẩu sử dụng lệnh tương tự nhưng không xác định tên tài khoản của bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29bhinl5&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chỉnh sửa một tài khoản&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hướng dẫn thay đổi tên người dùng trong Linux dưới đây được tiến hành trên Ubuntu Server, nhưng quy trình sẽ tương tự trên hầu hết&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/moi-su-dung-linux-nen-dung-distro-nao-134885&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Top distro Linux cho người mới&quot;&gt;các bản phân phối Linux&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;usermod&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;cho bạn khả năng để tạo các thay đổi tới một tài khoản cá nhân đang tồn tại từ dòng lệnh. Nó sử dụng các đối số như lệnh useradd, cộng với đối số -l, cho phép thay đổi tên tài khoản.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điều kiện tiên quyết là bạn có quyền truy cập vào tài khoản người dùng với quyền sudo (và tên người dùng phải được thay đổi). Hãy cùng thực hiện theo các bước dưới đây nhé!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử bạn cần đổi tên tài khoản testaccount (đã có trên hệ thống) thành haversham. Để làm điều này, hãy nhập lệnh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;language-markup prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;code style=&quot;border-radius: 5px; border: none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sudo usermod &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;l haversham testaccount&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại thời điểm này, tên người dùng đã thay đổi. Tuy nhiên, thư mục chính được liên kết với tên người dùng vẫn là&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;testaccount.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Để thay đổi điều đó, hãy nhập lệnh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;language-markup prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;code style=&quot;border-radius: 5px; border: none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sudo usermod &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;d &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;home&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;haversham &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;m haversham&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu đưa ra lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ls /home/,&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;người dùng sẽ thấy thư mục chính hiện phản ánh tên người dùng mới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; 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width: 650px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stats.adrealclick.com/url?q=aHR0cHM6Ly9tZXRhLnZuL2NheS1udW9jLW5vbmctbGFuaC1jNTY1P3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9aW4taW1hZ2UmdXRtX21lZGl1bT1RVE0mcmVmPWluLWltYWdlLVFUTQ%3D%3D&amp;amp;bid=9811&amp;amp;zid=421&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noopener sponsored&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;🖼️&quot; height=&quot;100&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; src=&quot;https://as.gamevui.com/data/image/2020/08/13/cay-nuoc-nong-lanh-640x100.png&quot; style=&quot;border-radius: 3px; border: 0px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(238, 238, 238) 0px 0px 1px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 101.562px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; width: 650px;&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;adslogo&quot; style=&quot;background: url(&amp;quot;https://as.gamevui.com/data/image/favicon.16.png&amp;quot;) right center / 16px no-repeat rgb(218, 37, 28); border-radius: 0px 0px 6px 6px; border: 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102) !important; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: 16px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 18px 0px 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Tên người dùng mới&quot; class=&quot;lazy lightbox loaded&quot; data-i=&quot;0&quot; data-inimage-loaded=&quot;true&quot; data-src=&quot;https://st.quantrimang.com/photos/image/2019/01/28/sua-doi-ten-nguoi-dung-trong-linux-2.jpg&quot; data-was-processed=&quot;true&quot; height=&quot;466&quot; src=&quot;https://st.quantrimang.com/photos/image/2019/01/28/sua-doi-ten-nguoi-dung-trong-linux-2.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-radius: 3px; border: 0px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(238, 238, 238) 0px 0px 1px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 466px; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; width: 650px;&quot; width=&quot;650&quot; /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cuối cùng, tên nhóm của tài khoản người dùng phải được thay đổi từ&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;testaccount&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;thành&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;haversham.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Để làm điều này, hãy nhập lệnh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;language-markup prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;code style=&quot;border-radius: 5px; border: none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sudo groupmod &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n haversham testaccount&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra tài khoản&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trước khi đăng xuất, nên kiểm tra tài khoản bằng cách sử dụng&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/tim-hieu-ve-ssh-154483&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu về SSH&quot;&gt;SSH&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;đăng nhập vào máy chủ với tên người dùng mới. Khi đăng nhập thành công, bạn sẽ thấy mình ở trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/home/haversham.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Có thể kiểm tra thêm điều này bằng cách tạo một file thử nghiệm (để đảm bảo người dùng có đặc quyền ghi trong thư mục chính của mình). Hãy thử đưa ra một lệnh. Nếu không nhận được lỗi (như hình bên dưới), tất cả đều ổn và quản trị viên có thể bàn giao tài khoản đã đổi tên cho người dùng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Kiểm tra tài khoản&quot; class=&quot;lazy lightbox loaded&quot; data-i=&quot;1&quot; data-src=&quot;https://st.quantrimang.com/photos/image/2019/01/28/sua-doi-ten-nguoi-dung-trong-linux-3.jpg&quot; data-was-processed=&quot;true&quot; height=&quot;466&quot; src=&quot;https://st.quantrimang.com/photos/image/2019/01/28/sua-doi-ten-nguoi-dung-trong-linux-3.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-radius: 3px; border: 0px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(238, 238, 238) 0px 0px 1px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 466px; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; width: 650px;&quot; width=&quot;650&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;mcetoc_1d29l6guv0&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Xóa một tài khoản trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;userdel&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;có thể được sử dụng để xóa một tài khoản cá nhân đang tồn tại. Lệnh này là rất nguy hiểm nếu không được sử dụng với sự cẩn trọng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ có một đối số hoặc một tùy chọn có sẵn cho lệnh:&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.r&lt;/strong&gt;, để gỡ bỏ thư mục chính và mail của tài khoản.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ, để gỡ bỏ tài khoản mcmohd20, bạn cần thông báo lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ userdel &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;r mcmohd20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn muốn giữ thư mục chính cho các mục sau, bạn không sử dụng tùy chọn -r. Bạn có thể gỡ bỏ thư mục chính vào lần sau.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_6_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ngoài ra, có thể dùng lệnh deluser để xóa một tài khoản trong Linux, ở đây là haversham:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sudo deluser &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;r haversham&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sudo delgroup haversham&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự khác biệt giữa userdel và deluser là: deluser và delgroup xóa người dùng, nhóm khỏi hệ thống theo các tùy chọn dòng lệnh và thông tin cấu hình trong /etc/deluser.conf và /etc/adduser.conf. Các font-end userdel và groupdel thì xóa thư mục chính, và thậm chí tất cả các file mà người dùng bị xóa sở hữu khỏi hệ thống&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/2324512262974360195/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2324512262974360195'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2324512262974360195'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/quan-ly-nguoi-dung-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Quản lý người dùng trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-1057522238617468413</id><published>2021-10-07T09:43:00.005+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:43:53.297+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Cơ bản về hệ thống File trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Một hệ thống file là một tập hợp logic của các file trên một vùng phân hoạch (partition) hoặc một đĩa. Một vùng phân hoạch là một nơi chứa thông tin và có thể tổ hợp thành một đĩa cứng nếu muốn.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đĩa cứng của bạn có thể có các vùng phân hoạch đa dạng mà thường chỉ chứa một hệ thống file, như một hệ thống file /home.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một hệ thống file một vùng phân hoạch cho phép duy trì và quản lý các hệ thống file khác nhau một cách logic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mọi thứ trong Unix được xem xét như là một file, bao gồm các thiết bị vật lý như DVD-ROMs, USB, đĩa mềm,….&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cấu trúc thư mục trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix sử dụng một cấu trúc hệ thống file có thứ bậc, mà giống một cấu trúc cây từ trên xuống dưới, với root (/) tại cơ sở của hệ thống file và tất cả các thư mục khác trải ra từ đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một hệ thống file là một tập hợp của các file và thư mục mà có các đặc tính sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó có một thư mục gốc (/) mà chứa các file và thư mục khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mỗi file và thư mục được xác định duy nhất bởi tên của nó, thư mục mà trong đó nó cư trú, và một sự nhận diện duy nhất, được gọi theo cách đặc trưng là inode.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Theo quy ước, thư mục gốc có số inode là 2 và thư mục lost+found có số inode là 3. Số inode 0 và 1 không được sử dụng. Các số inode có thể được gửi bởi trình xác định trong chức năng -i của lệnh ls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó có đặc tính khác nữa là tự chứa. Không có sự phụ thuộc giữa một hệ thống file này với một hệ thống file khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các thư mục có các mục đích riêng và thường giữ các kiểu thông tin giống nhau để việc đặt vị trí các file dễ dàng. Dưới đây là các thư mục mà tồn tại trên các phiên bản lớn của Unix.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(31, 16, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Thư mục&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó là thư mục chính mà chỉ chứa các thư mục cần thiết ở cấp cao nhất trong cấu trúc file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Vị trí này đặt các file có thể chạy được. Chúng có sẵn cho mọi người dùng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đây là các thiết bị điều khiển.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/etc&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh thư mục Supervisors, các file định cấu hình, các file định cấu hình đĩa, danh sách người dùng hợp lệ, ethernet, host, là nơi để gửi các thông điệp nghiêm trọng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/lib&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chứa các file thư viện được chia sẻ và đôi khi các tệp liên quan đến Kernel.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/boot&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chứa các file để khởi động hệ thống (boot).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/home&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chứa thư mục chính cho các người sử dụng và các tài khoản khác.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/mnt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng để gắn kết (mount) các hệ thống file tạm thời, như cdroom và đĩa mềm ….&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/proc&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chứa tất cả các tiến trình được đánh dấu như một file bởi số tiến trình hoặc thông tin khác mà là động lực của hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/tmp&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Giữ các file tạm thời được sử dụng giữa quá trình khởi động (boot) hệ thống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Được sử dụng cho các mục đích hỗn hợp, hoặc có thể được sử dụng bởi nhiều người sử dụng. Bao gồm các lệnh về hành chính, các file được chia sẻ, các file thư viện, và các cái khác.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Một thư mục đặc thù, chứa các file biến dài như các file đăng nhập và in và bất kỳ kiểu khác của file mà có thể chứa một số lượng biến của dữ liệu.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/sbin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chứa các file (có thể chạy) nhị phân, thường cho quản lý hệ thống. Ví dụ như các tiện ích&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;fdisk&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;và&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ifconfig&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/kernel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chứa các tệp kernel.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;COzr5NCjt_MCFVmC6QUdk8wFPg&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633572526&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fco-ban-ve-he-thong-file-trong-unix-linux-156654&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy5Udr4_1t90akLfUhv97sW35aS6t6Buc7ex0hiNZHMk9zVwi20BMKMvZx4U2GNiStMRuZ1xBh9Y5LlR_nmFsMGVK0mg&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574562753&amp;amp;bpp=27&amp;amp;bdt=1707&amp;amp;idt=1391&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=1768531317813&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574564&amp;amp;ga_hid=1089539792&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=2023&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=2030222519859144&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=Bk0Avgfqb0&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=40630&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điều hướng hệ thống file trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bây giờ bạn đã hiểu các cơ sở của hệ thống file, bạn có thể bắt đầu điều hướng file bạn cần. Bảng dưới là các lệnh bạn sẽ sử dụng để điều hướng hệ thống.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(42, 16, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cat filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị một tên file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cd dirname&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Di chuyển bạn tới thư mục đã được xác định.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cp file1 file2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sao chép một file/thư mục tới vị trí đã được xác định.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;file filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nhận diện kiểu file (nhị phân, văn bản, …).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;find filename dir&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tìm một file/thư mục.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;head filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ phần bắt đầu của một file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;less filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trình duyệt thông qua một file từ cuối hoặc từ đầu.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ls dirname&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ nội dung của thư mục đã được xác định.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mkdir dirname&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một thư mục đã được định trước.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;more filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trình duyệt thông qua một file từ đầu tới cuối.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mv file1 file2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Di chuyển vị trí hoặc đặt lại tên của một file/thư mục.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;pwd&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ thư mục hiện tại mà người sử dụng hiện tại đang ở.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;rm filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Gỡ bỏ một file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;rmdir dirname&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Gỡ bỏ một thư mục.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;tail filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ phần cuối của một file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;touch filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo một file trống hoặc sửa đổi các thuộc tính của một file.s đang tồn tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;whereis filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ vị trí của một file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;which filename&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ vị trí của một file nếu nó trong PATH của bạn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh df trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cách đầu tiên để quản lý không gian vùng phân hoạch là với lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;df&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;(viết tắt của disk free). Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;df -k&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;hiển thị không gian đĩa sử dụng trong kilobyte, như hiển thị dưới đây:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$df &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;k
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Filesystem&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;blocks      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Used&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Available&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Use&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mounted&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; on
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;vzfs        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10485760&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7836644&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2649116&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/devices                0         0           0   0% /&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;devices
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một số các thư mục, như&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/devices&lt;/strong&gt;, chỉ 0 kilobyte được sử dụng. Những file này là những hệ thống file đặc biệt, và mặc dù chúng cư trú ở trên đĩa dưới dấu gạch chéo, bởi chính chúng không chiếm dụng không gian của đĩa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;output của df -k thường giống trên tất cả các hệ thống Unix. Dưới đây liệt kê những thứ mà nó bao gồm:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(20, 9, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Cột&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Filesystem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tên hệ thống file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;kbytes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tổng số kilo byte có sẵn trên phương tiện lưu trữ&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;used&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tổng số kilo byte đã được sử dụng (bởi file).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;avail&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tổng số kilo byte có sẵn cho sử dụng (còn lại chưa được sử dụng).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;capacity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phần trăm của tổng số không gian đã được sử dụng bởi các file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mounted on&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hệ thống file được gắn kết trên cái gì.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng chức năng&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-h&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;(viết tắt của human readable) để hiển thị output trong một định dạng chỉ kích cỡ bằng lời chú giải theo cách dễ hiểu nhất.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh du trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;du&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;(viết tắt của disk usage) cho bạn khả năng để xác định các thư mục để chỉ sự sử dụng không gian trên đĩa trên một thư mục cụ thể.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh này hữu ích nếu bạn muốn xác định phần không gian được sử dụng cho một thư mục cụ thể. Lệnh sau sẽ hiển thị số khối mà mỗi thư mục chiếm dụng. Một khối đơn có thể là 512 byte hoặc 1 kilo byte phụ thuộc vào hệ thống của bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_4_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$du &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cron&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;d
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;126&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;default&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dfs
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chức năng&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-h&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;tạo output để bạn dễ dàng hơn để nhận thức, lý giải.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$du &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;h &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5k&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cron&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;d
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;63k&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;default&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3k&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dfs
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gắn kết (Mounting) hệ thống file trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một hệ thống file phải được gắn kết để có thể được sử dụng bởi hệ thống. Để quan sát cái gì hiện tại được gắn kết (có sẵn để sử dụng) trên hệ thống của bạn, sử dụng lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ mount
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;vzfs on &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; type reiserfs &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;rw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;usrquota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;grpquota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
proc on &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;proc type proc &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;rw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;nodiratime&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
devpts on &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;pts type devpts &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;rw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thư mục&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/mnt&lt;/strong&gt;, theo quy ước, là nơi những sự gắn kết tạm thời (như các đĩa CD-ROM, các đĩa mềm…) được đặt tại đó. Nếu bạn cần để gắn kết một hệ thống file, bạn có thể sử dụng lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mount&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;với cú pháp sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mount &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;t file_system_type device_to_mount directory_to_mount_to&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ, nếu bạn muốn gắn kết một CD-ROM tới thư mục /mnt/cdrom, bạn có thể nhập từ bàn phím như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ mount &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;t iso9660 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cdrom &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mnt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cdrom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điều này giả sử rằng thiết bị CD-ROM của bạn được gọi /dev/cdrom và bạn muốn kết nối nó tới /mnt/cdrom. Bạn tham khảo&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Man Page&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để có thông tin cụ thể hơn hoặc gõ&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;mount -h&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;từ dòng lệnh cho các thông tin giúp đỡ.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau khi gắn kết, bạn có thể sử dụng lệnh cd để điều hướng hệ thống file có mới nhất thông qua điểm kết nối mà bạn vừa mới tạo ra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bỏ gắn kết (unmounting) hệ thống file trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để bỏ gắn kết hệ thống file từ hệ thống của bạn, sử dụng lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;unmount&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;bằng xác định điểm kết nối hoặc thiết bị.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ, để gỡ bỏ cdrom, sử dụng lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ umount &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dev&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cdrom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh mount cho bạn khả năng để truy cập vào hệ thống file, nhưng trên các hệ thống Unix hiện đại nhất, chức năng tự động kết nối&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;thực hiện ngầm tiến trình&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;này cho người sử dụng và không yêu cầu sự can thiệp nào.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hạn ngạch (quotas) người dùng và nhóm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hạn ngạch người dùng và nhóm cung cấp các kỹ thuật mà bởi nó lượng không gian được sử dụng bởi một người dùng đơn hoặc tất cả người dùng trong một nhóm cụ thể có thể được giới hạn được xác định bởi người quản lý.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_5_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hạn ngạch hoạt động thông qua 2 sự giới hạn mà cho phép người dùng thực hiện một số hành động trong lượng không gian hoặc số lượng khối của đĩa mà người quản lý đã xác định giới hạn cho trước đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giới hạn mềm (Soft Limit)&lt;/strong&gt;: Nếu người dùng sử dụng vượt quá lượng giới hạn, yêu cầu thêm phần không gian để sử dụng, sẽ được cấp thêm một số khối nữa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giới hạn cứng (Hard Limit)&lt;/strong&gt;: Khi người dùng sử dụng chạm tới mốc giới hạn, yêu cầu thêm cho phần không gian để sử dụng nữa, sẽ không có khối nào được thêm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các lệnh mà được sử dụng để quản lý hạn ngạch:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(17, 39, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 100%px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;quota&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hiển thị cách sử dụng đĩa và giới hạn cho một người sử dụng trong nhóm.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;edquota&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đây là bộ soạn hạn ngạch. Hạn ngạch người dùng hoặc nhóm có thể được chỉnh sửa bằng cách sử dụng lệnh này.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;quotacheck&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Quét hệ thống file về cách sử dụng đĩa, tạo, kiểm tra và sửa chữa các file hạn ngạch.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;setquota&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó cũng là một lệnh trong bộ soạn hạn ngạch.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;quotaon&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Điều này tuyên bố tới hệ thống mà hạn ngạch đĩa nên được cho phép bật trên một hoặc nhiều hệ thống file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;quotaoff&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Điều này tuyên bố tới hệ thống mà hạn ngạch đĩa nên được cho phép tắt trên một hoặc nhiều hệ thống file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;repquota&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In cách sử dụng của đĩa và các hạn ngạch cho hệ thống file đã được xác định.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/1057522238617468413/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/co-ban-ve-he-thong-file-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/1057522238617468413'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/1057522238617468413'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/co-ban-ve-he-thong-file-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Cơ bản về hệ thống File trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-290628237689204778</id><published>2021-10-07T09:43:00.001+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:43:23.357+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Regular Expression trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Một Regular Expression là một chuỗi mà có thể sử dụng để diễn tả các dãy khác nhau (cách sắp xếp) của các ký tự. Regular Expression thường được sử dụng bởi các lệnh Unix khác nhau, bao gồm ed, sed, awk, grep và miền giới hạn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;vi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chương này sẽ hướng dẫn các bạn cách sử dụng Regular Expression cùng với&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sed&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây sed, là viết tắt của&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;tream&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/strong&gt;ditor là một bộ soạn điều hướng chuỗi mà được tạo độc quyền cho các script riêng. Vì thế tất cả những dữ liệu đầu vào mà bạn nhập nó thông qua từ STDOUT và nó không thay đổi file đầu vào.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gọi sed trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trước khi chúng ta bắt đầu, bảo đảm rằng bạn có một bản sao nội bộ của tệp /etc/passwd để làm việc với&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sed&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Như đã đề cập trước đó, sed có thể được gọi bằng cách gửi dữ liệu thông qua một pipe tới nó như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Usage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;OPTION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]...&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;file&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]...&lt;/span&gt;

  &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;--&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;quiet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;--&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;silent
                 suppress automatic printing of pattern space
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;--&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;expression&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;script
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...............................&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh cat đổ nội dung của /etc/passwd tới sed thông qua pipe trong không gian mẫu của sed. Không gian mẫu là khu vực công việc bên trong mà được sed sử dụng đê thực hiện công việc của nó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp chung của sed trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là cú pháp chung cho sed:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/pattern/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;pattern&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là một Regular Expression, mà action là một trong các lệnh được cung cấp trong bảng sau. Nếu pattern bị bỏ qua, thì action được thực hiện cho mọi dòng như chúng ta đã nhìn ở trên.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ký tự dấu gạch chéo mà bao quanh pattern được yêu cầu bởi vì chúng được sử dụng như là dấu giới hạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(16, 23, 230); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Dãy&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;In dòng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Xóa dòng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;s/pattern1/pattern2/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay thế sự kiện của pattern 1 bằng sự kiện trong pattern 2.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Xóa tất cả các dòng với sed&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gọi sed thêm lần nữa, nhưng lần này nói cho sed sử dụng lệnh chỉnh sửa để xóa các dòng, biểu thị bằng ký tự đơn d:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;d&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thay vì gọi sed bằng cách gửi một file tới nó thông qua một pipe, bạn có thể chỉ dẫn sed để đọc dữ liệu từ một file, như trong ví dụ sau.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh sau thực hiện chính xác công việc tương tự như phần trên đã nhắc đến. Bạn thử thực hành nó mà không sử dụng lệnh cat.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;d&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự định vị SED trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sed cũng hiểu một số thứ gì đó được gọi là các địa chỉ. Địa chỉ hoặc là vị trí riêng trong một file hoặc một dãy mà một lệnh chỉnh sửa riêng nên được áp dụng. Khi sed bắt gặp cái gì đó không được định vị, nó thực hiện các hoạt động của nó trên mọi dòng trong file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh dưới đây thêm một địa chỉ cơ bản tới lệnh sed mà bạn đang sử dụng:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;1d&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;more
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;65534&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync
games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cache&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backups&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_3_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!4&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CITbg7-jt_MCFcpFKgod0w4DIA&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_3&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2737970258&amp;amp;adk=1511693662&amp;amp;adf=1377782196&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2737970258&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574562&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fregular-expression-trong-unix-linux-156644&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy41uR0co20z6RPVGtoEyJrduzwStOKbkomAKcGH-uEFdcomV3SgFx-Zx4XsVEv3suWMDAxyuiJlCirQmaWgCeigMHXj&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574560721&amp;amp;bpp=2&amp;amp;bdt=682&amp;amp;idt=1550&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C694x174%2C694x174&amp;amp;correlator=4221976997966&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574562&amp;amp;ga_hid=1001913030&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=2768&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=31063014%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=2131750766993591&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-09-17-02&amp;amp;ifi=4&amp;amp;uci=a!4&amp;amp;btvi=3&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=LXd0GiNKka&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=5579&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn chú ý rằng number 1 được thêm trước lệnh chỉnh sửa xóa. Điều này nói cho sed thực hiện lệnh chỉnh sửa trên dòng đầu tiên của file. Trong ví dụ này, sed sẽ xóa dòng đầu tiên của /etc/passwd và in phần còn lại của file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các dãy địa chỉ của sed trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vậy nếu bạn muốn dỡ bỏ nhiều hơn một dòng từ một file thì như thế nào? Bạn có thể xác định một dãy địa chỉ với sed như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;1, 5d&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;more
games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cache&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backups&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh trên sẽ áp dụng trên tất cả các dòng từ dòng 1 đến dòng 5. Vì thế nó xóa 5 dòng đầu tiên.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn thử thực hành theo các dãy được cung cấp dưới đây:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(9, 35, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Dãy&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;4,10d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dòng bắt đầu từ 4 đến 10 bị xóa.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;10,4d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ dòng thứ 10 bị xóa, bởi vì sed không làm việc theo hướng nghịch lại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;4,+5d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ so khớp dòng 4 trong file, xóa dòng đó, tiếp tục xóa 5 dòng tiếp theo, và sau đó dừng việc xóa này và in phần còn lại của file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;2,5!d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ xóa mọi thứ trừ từ bắt đầu dòng 2 tới dòng 5.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;1~3d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ xóa dòng đầu tiên, bước qua 3 dòng tiếp theo, và sau đó xóa dòng thứ 4. Sed tiếp tục áp dụng mẫu xóa này tới cuối cùng của file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;2~2d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nó nói cho sed xóa dòng thứ 2, bước qua dòng tiếp theo, xóa dòng tiếp, và lập lại bước trên tới khi file được đọc hết.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;4,10p&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bắt đầu từ dòng thứ 4 đến dòng thứ 10 được in.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;4,d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đây là một cú pháp lỗi.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&#39;,10d&#39;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đây là một cú pháp lỗi.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_4_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_4_anchor&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi chú&lt;/strong&gt;: Trong khi sử dụng hành động&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;p&lt;/strong&gt;, bạn nên sử dụng chức năng&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;-n&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để tránh lập lại việc in dòng. Bạn thử kiểm tra sự khác nhau giữa hai lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;1,3p&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra lệnh trên mà không sử dụng chức năng -n như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;1,3p&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh thay thế (substitution command) trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh thay thế, được biểu diễn bởi s, sẽ thay thế bất kỳ chuỗi nào mà bạn xác định với bất cứ chuỗi khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để thay thế một chuỗi này với chuỗi khác, bạn cần có một vài cách để nói cho sed nơi chuỗi đầu tiên của bạn kết thúc và chuỗi thay thế bắt đầu. Điều này theo truyền thống được thực hiện bởi việc ngăn cách 2 chuỗi với dấu gạch chéo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh sau thay thế sự kiện đầu tiên trên một dòng của chuỗi root với&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;chuỗi amrood&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/root/amrood/&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
amrood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;..........................&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó là quan trọng để ghi nhớ rằng sed chỉ thay thế sự kiện đầu tiên trên một dòng. Nếu trên chuỗi root diễn ra nhiều hơn một dòng thì chỉ dòng đầu tiên sẽ được thay thế.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để nói cho sed thực hiện thay thế toàn bộ, thêm ký tự g tới phần cuối của lệnh như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/root/amrood/g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
amrood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;amrood user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/amrood:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...........................&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các cờ hiệu thay thế (Substitution Flag) trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có một số cách sử dụng Flag hữu dụng mà có thể được sử dụng để thêm vào dấu hiệu g, và bạn có thể xác định nó nhiều hơn một lần.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(16, 20, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Flag&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;g&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay thế tất cả các so khớp (chuỗi thay thế), không chỉ với so khớp đầu tiên.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;NUMBER&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay thế chỉ so khớp thứ NUMBER.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu sự thay thế được tạo ra, in không gian mẫu.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;w FILENAME&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu sự thay thế được tạo ra, ghi kết quả tới FILENAME.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;I hoặc i&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tạo sự so khớp trong sự phân biệt giữa kiểu chữ (chữ hoa và thường).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;M hoặc m&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trong chế độ xử lý thông thường của các ký tự Regular Expression đặc biệt ^ và $, cờ hiệu này làm cho ^ so khớp với một chuỗi trống sau một dòng mới và $ so khớp với một chuỗi trống trước một dòng mới.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_5_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!6&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CIWRxsSjt_MCFQ0lYAodQvADig&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_5&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_5&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=3140421014&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574562&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fregular-expression-trong-unix-linux-156644&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy41uR0co20z6RPVGtoEyJrduzwStOKbkomAKcGH-uEFdcomV3SgFx-Zx4XsVEv3suWMDAxyuiJlCirQmaWgCeigMHXj&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574560727&amp;amp;bpp=3&amp;amp;bdt=688&amp;amp;idt=2393&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C694x174%2C694x174%2C694x174%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C336x672%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=4221976997966&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574562&amp;amp;ga_hid=1001913030&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=4629&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=1657&amp;amp;eid=31063014%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H-WrNWxbsBQ_cJql7OloWcr5o_0LmQMj0i-Pvtqu3G6O_MNEfxpXLq37grI6Pk1SowoTQUg-8oyUPrlag&amp;amp;pvsid=2131750766993591&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C1536%2C824%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-09-17-02&amp;amp;ifi=6&amp;amp;uci=a!6&amp;amp;btvi=6&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=Uxwd2Myhgz&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=17100&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng một chuỗi thay thế trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể tự tìm thấy rằng phải thực hiện một sự thay thế trên một chuỗi mà bao gồm ký tự dấu gạch chéo. Trong trường hợp này, bạn có thể xác định một toán tử khác bằng cách cung cấp ký tự chỉ định sau chữ cái s:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s:/root:/amrood:g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
amrood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;amrood user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/amrood:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trong ví dụ trên chúng ta đã sử dụng dấu hiệu giới hạn : as thay vì dấu gạch chéo / bởi vì chúng ta đang cố gắng tìm kiếm /root thay vì một root đơn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đổi vị trí với khoảng trống rỗng trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng chuỗi thay thế trống để xóa chuỗi root từ tệp /etc/passwd:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/root//g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;::&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Định vị sự thay thế trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn muốn thay thế chuỗi sh với chuỗi quiet chỉ trên dòng thứ 10, bạn có thể xác định nó như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;10s/sh/quiet/g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;65534&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync
games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cache&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backups&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;quiet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Theo cách tương tự, để thay đổi một dãy địa chỉ, bạn có thể thực hiện công việc giống như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;passwd &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;1,5s/sh/quiet/g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;quiet
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;quiet
bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;quiet
sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;quiet
sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;65534&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync
games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cache&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backups&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Như bạn có thể thấy được từ kết quả đầu ra, 5 dòng đầu tiên của chuỗi sh đã được thay đổi bằng chuỗi quiet, nhưng các dòng còn lại thì không được động chạm đến.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh so khớp trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn sẽ sử dụng chức năng p song song với chức năng -n để in tất cả các dòng so khớp như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre14&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre14&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat testing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;/root/p&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root@ip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;167&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;112&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; amrood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; vi testing
root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;daemon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sbin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;65534&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync
games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cache&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backups&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_6_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng Regular Expression trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trong khi so khớp với mẫu, bạn có thể sử dụng Regular Expression mà cung cấp nhiều tính linh động hơn cho bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra ví dụ sau mà so khớp tất cả các dòng bắt đầu với daemon và sau đó xóa chúng:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre15&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre15&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat testing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;/^daemon/d&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;65534&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync
games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/usr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cache&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;backups&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Theo sau là ví dụ mà sẽ xóa tất cả các dòng kết thúc với&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre16&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre16&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat testing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;/sh$/d&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;65534&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/bin:/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sync&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới liệt kê 4 ký tự đặc biệt mà rất hữu ích trong các Regular Expression:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(13, 17, 222); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ký tự&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với phần bắt đầu của các dòng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với phần cuối của các dòng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với bất kỳ ký tự đơn nào.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với 0 hoặc nhiều hơn sự kiện của ký tự trước.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[chars]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với bất kỳ ký tự nào được cho trong chars (là một cách bố trí sắp xếp các ký tự). Bạn có thể sử dụng ký tự - để chỉ một dãy của ký tự.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự so khớp trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn nhìn vào bảng dưới liệt kê một số Expression khác mà giải thích cho cách sử dụng của các siêu ký tự. Ví dụ, các mẫu sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 34, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Expression&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/a.c/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp các dòng mà chứa các chuỗi như a+c, a-c, abc, match và a3c.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/a*c/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với cùng các chuỗi giống với chuỗi đã cho như ace, yacc, và arctic.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/[tT]he/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với chuỗi The và the.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/^$/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với các dòng để trống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/^.*$/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một dòng toàn bộ bất kể dòng đó như thế nào.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/ */&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một hoặc nhiều khoảng trống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/^$/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với các dòng để trống.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là bảng liệt kê một số bộ bố trí ký tự mà thường được sử dụng:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(9, 50, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Thiết lập&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[a-z]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một chữ cái đơn thường.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[A-Z]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một chữ cái đơn hoa.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[a-zA-Z]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một chữ cái đơn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[0-9]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một số đơn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[a-zA-Z0-9]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp với một số hoặc một chữ cái đơn.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các từ khóa lớp ký tự trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một số từ khóa đặc biệt thường có sẵn cho các Regular Expression, đặc biệt các tiện ích GNU mà sử dụng các Regular Expression. Điều này là rất hữu dụng cho các Regular Expression Sed khi chúng đơn giản hóa các công việc và nâng cao khả năng đọc của nó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ, các ký tự từ a đến z cũng như các ký tự từ A đến Z ủy nhiệm một lớp ký tự là các từ khóa [[:alpha:]]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng từ khóa lớp ký tự chữ cái, lệnh này chỉ in những dòng trong tệp /etc/syslog.conf mà bắt đầu với một ký tự chữ cái.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre17&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre17&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;syslog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;conf &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;/^[[:alpha:]]/p&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
authpriv&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                         &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;secure
mail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                             &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/var/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;maillog
cron&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                             &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;cron
uucp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;news&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;crit                     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;spooler
local7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.*&lt;/span&gt;                           &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;boot&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;log&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng sau là một danh sách đầy đủ của các từ khóa lớp ký tự trong GNU sed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(14, 17, 230); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lớp ký tự&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:alnum:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thuộc chữ cái-số [a-z A-Z 0-9]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:alpha:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bảng chữ cái [a-z A-Z]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:blank:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự khoảng trống (spaces hoặc tabs)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:cntrl:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự điều khiển&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:digit:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các số [0-9]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:graph:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bất kỳ ký tự nhìn thấy nào (trừ các khoảng trống trắng)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:lower:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự viết thường [a-z]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:print:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự có thể in được (các ký tự không phải ký tự điều khiển)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:punct:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự dấu chấm câu&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:space:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Khoảng trống trắng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:upper:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ký tự viết hoa [A-Z]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[[:xdigit:]]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các chữ số thập lục phân [0-9 a-f A-F]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_7_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tham chiếu &amp;amp; trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Siêu ký tự &amp;amp; trong sed biểu diễn nội dung của mẫu mà được so khớp. Ví dụ, giả sử bạn có một tệp gọi là phone.txt chứa đầy các số điện thoại, như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre18&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre18&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5555551212&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5555551213&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5555551214&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6665551215&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6665551216&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7775551217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn muốn tạo một code khu vực (3 chữ số đầu tiên) được bao quanh bởi dấu ngoặc đơn để dễ dàng hơn khi đọc. Để thực hiện điều này, bạn có thể sử dụng ký tự thay thế &amp;amp;, giống như:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre19&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre19&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/^[[:digit:]][[:digit:]][[:digit:]]/(&amp;amp;)/g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;txt
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5551212&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5551213&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5551214&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5551215&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5551216&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;777&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5551217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây trong phần mẫu bạn đang so khớp 3 chữ số đầu tiên, và sau đó sử dụng &amp;amp; bạn đang đổi chỗ cho 3 chữ số này với dấu ngoặc đơn bao quanh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng nhiều lệnh sed trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng nhiều lệnh sed trong một lệnh sed đơn như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre20&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre20&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;command1&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;command2&#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;commandN&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; files&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại đây, command1 tới commandN là các kiểu lệnh sed đã được bàn luận ở trên. Những lệnh này được áp dụng tới mỗi dòng trong một danh sách các file được cung cấp bởi các file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng kỹ thuật tương tự, chúng ta có thể viết ví dụ số điện thoại trên như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre21&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre21&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/^[[:digit:]]\{3\}/(&amp;amp;)/g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;  \
                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/)[[:digit:]]\{3\}/&amp;amp;-/g&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;txt
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1212&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1213&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1214&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1215&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1216&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;777&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi chú&lt;/strong&gt;: Trong ví dụ trên, thay vì lặp lại các từ khóa lớp ký tự [[:digit:]] 3 lần, bạn đổi nó với \{3\}, mà có nghĩa là để so khớp Regular Expression ở trước 3 lần. Tại đây tôi sử dụng \ để xuống dòng, bạn nên gỡ bỏ nó trước khi chạy lệnh này.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tham chiếu ngược trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Siêu ký tự &amp;amp; là hữu ích, nhưng hữu ích hơn là khả năng định nghĩa các khu vực cụ thể trong một Regular Expression để bạn có thể tham chiếu chúng trong các chuỗi đổi vị trí. Bằng việc định nghĩa các phần cụ thể của một Regular Expression, sau đó bạn có thể xem lại những phần này với một ký tự tham chiếu đặc biệt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để tham chiếu ngược, đầu tiên bạn phải định nghĩa một khu vực và sau đó xem lại khu vực đó. Để định nghĩa một khu vực, bạn chèn ký tự dấu ngoặc đơn trong dấu chéo ngược quanh mỗi khu vực bạn quan tâm. Khu vực đầu tiên mà bạn bao quanh với dấu chéo ngược sau đó được tham chiếu bởi \1, khu vực thứ hai bởi \2, và tiếp tục.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử phone.txt có các số liệu sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre22&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre22&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1212&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1213&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1214&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1215&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1216&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;777&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bây giờ bạn thử lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre23&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre23&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;txt &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; sed &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;s/\(.*)\)\(.*-\)\(.*$\)/Area \
                       code: \1 Second: \2 Third: \3/&#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Area&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Third&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1212&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Area&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Third&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1213&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Area&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Third&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1214&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Area&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Third&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1215&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Area&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;666&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Third&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1216&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Area&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;777&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;555&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Third&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi chú&lt;/strong&gt;:Trong ví dụ trên, mỗi Regular Expression bên trong dấu ngoặc đơn sẽ được tham chiếu ngược bởi \1, \2, …. Tại đây, tôi sử dụng \ để xuống dòng, bạn nên gỡ bỏ chúng trước khi chạy lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/290628237689204778/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/regular-expression-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/290628237689204778'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/290628237689204778'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/regular-expression-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Regular Expression trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4112817972692320441</id><published>2021-10-07T09:41:00.007+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:41:51.034+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Vòng lặp until trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp while là hoàn hảo cho tình huống mà bạn muốn thực thi một tập hợp lệnh trong khi một số điều kiện là true. Đôi khi bạn cần thực thi một tập hợp các lệnh cho tới khi một điều kiện là true, khi đó bạn cần sử dụng&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;vòng lặp until&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;until&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; command
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   cac lenh duoc thuc thi toi khi command la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;command&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;được ước lượng. Nếu giá trị kết quả là&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;false&lt;/strong&gt;, thì lệnh được thực thi. Nếu&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;command&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;true&lt;/strong&gt;, thì khi đó các&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lệnh&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;sẽ không được thực hiện và chương trình sẽ nhảy tới dòng lệnh sau lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở là một ví dụ đơn giản mà sử dụng vòng lặp&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;until&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để hiển thị các số từ 0 đến 9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;until&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;lt &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $a
   a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a + 1`&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1_expand&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ cho kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4112817972692320441/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-until-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4112817972692320441'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4112817972692320441'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-until-trong-shell.html' title='Vòng lặp until trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-734676727353683238</id><published>2021-10-07T09:41:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:41:20.007+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Vòng lặp for trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;for&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;hoạt động trên các danh sách của các mục (item). Nó lặp đi lặp lại một tập hợp các lệnh cho mỗi mục trong một danh sách.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; word1 word2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; wordN
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   cac lenh de thuc thi cho moi word&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là tên của một biến và word1 tới wordN là dãy các ký tự phân biệt nhau bởi các khoảng trống. Cứ mỗi lần vòng lặp thực thi, giá trị của biến var được thiết lập tới word tiếp theo trong danh sách các word, từ word1 tới wordN.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ đơn giản mà sử dụng vòng lặp&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để duyệt qua danh sách các số.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $var
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ cho kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1_expand&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau đây là ví dụ để hiển thị tất cả các file bắt đầu với&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.bash&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;và có sẵn trong thư mục home của bạn. Tôi thực hiện script này từ&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;root&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;của tôi.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; FILE &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $HOME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bash&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $FILE
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ cho kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/root/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bash_history
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bash_logout
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bash_profile
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bashrc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/734676727353683238/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-for-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/734676727353683238'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/734676727353683238'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-for-trong-shell.html' title='Vòng lặp for trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4749926505728007499</id><published>2021-10-07T09:40:00.005+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:40:35.112+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Vòng lặp while trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;cho bạn khả năng thực thi một tập hợp các lệnh lặp đi lặp lại cho tới khi một số điều kiện xảy ra. Nó thường được sử dụng khi bạn cần thao tác giá trị biến lặp đi lặp lại.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; command
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   cac lenh de thuc thi neu command la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;command&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;được ước lượng. Nếu giá trị kết quả là true,&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;các lệnh&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;được thực thi. Nếu&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;command&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là false, thì sau đó, các&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;statement(s)&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;sẽ không được thực hiện và chương trình sẽ nhảy tới dòng lệnh sau lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là một ví dụ đơn giản mà sử dụng&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;vòng lặp while&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để hiển thị các số từ 0 đến 9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;lt &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $a
   a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a + 1`&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ cho kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cứ mỗi lần vòng lặp này thực thi, biến a được kiểm tra để biết có hay không nó có giá trị là nhỏ hơn 10. Nếu giá trị của a là nhỏ hơn 10, điều kiện này có một trạng thái thoát là 0. Trong trường hợp này, giá trị hiện tại của biến a được hiển thị và sau đó, a được lượng gia thêm 1.&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4749926505728007499/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-while-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4749926505728007499'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4749926505728007499'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-while-trong-shell.html' title='Vòng lặp while trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4277124024289319756</id><published>2021-10-07T09:40:00.001+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:40:09.768+07:00</updated><title type='text'>ManPage Help trong Unix</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các lệnh Unix đi kèm với các chức năng tùy ý và bắt buộc. Nó là rất thông thường khi bạn quên cú pháp đầy đủ của những lệnh này.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bởi vì không ai có thể nhớ mọi lệnh Unix và tất cả các chức năng đi kèm với nó, và để giúp bạn điều này, Unix ngay từ khi mới ra đời đã có một dịch vụ trực tuyến sẵn sàng giúp đỡ bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Phiên bản Unix của các file trợ giúp được gọi là&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Man Pages&lt;/strong&gt;. Nếu bạn biết bất cứ tên lệnh nào nhưng mà bạn không biết cách sử dụng của nó, thì Man Pages sẽ luôn sẵn sàng để giúp bạn đến từng chi tiết.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là cú pháp đơn giản để nhận được chi tiết về bất cứ lệnh nào trong Unix trong khi đang làm việc với hệ thống này.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$man command&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_1_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!2&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CNHcr-eit_MCFXLiTAIdqHwHVg&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_1&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2079243249&amp;amp;adk=4249125901&amp;amp;adf=3938695733&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2079243249&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574323&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fmanpage-help-trong-unix-156638&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy5CC85Vr32oqlX1iemgq9fDVzz2XjK3udUUJlP3net1UXtAHEz-Dq2Nsfqm7_wy9p1g8eVDC37CobqTzSpDBhe3TL-J&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574322097&amp;amp;bpp=3&amp;amp;bdt=964&amp;amp;idt=1155&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=921225020965&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574323&amp;amp;ga_hid=1175413075&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=813&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=3710091653062837&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=2&amp;amp;uci=a!2&amp;amp;btvi=1&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=yhsYpqJ6Zb&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=60378&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bây giờ bạn tưởng tượng bất cứ lệnh nào mà bạn muốn nhận được sự giúp đỡ. Giả sử bạn muốn biết về lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;pwd&lt;/strong&gt;, thì sau đó đơn giản bạn chỉ cần sử dụng lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$man pwd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh trên sẽ mở một sự trợ giúp cho bạn mà sẽ cung cấp cho bạn các thông tin đầy đủ về lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;pwd&lt;/strong&gt;. Bạn thử thực hành nó tại dòng nhắc lệnh để nhận được nhiều chi tiết hơn về lệnh này.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể nhận được thông tin chi tiết về lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;man&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;bằng cách sử dụng lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$man man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chi tiết về Man Page trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Man Page thường được phân thành các khu vực, mà thường thay đổi bởi quyền của tác giả Man Page. Dưới đây liệt kê một số khu vực phổ biến hơn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(19, 27, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Khu vực&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;NAME&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tên của lệnh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SYNOPSIS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cách sử dụng chung của các tham số của lệnh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Miêu tả chung về lệnh và những gì nó làm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;OPTIONS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Miêu tả tất cả các đối số hoặc chức năng đi kèm của lệnh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;SEE ALSO&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Liệt kê các lệnh khác mà trực tiếp liên quan tới lệnh trong Man Page hoặc giống với tính năng của nó.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;BUGS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Giải thích tất cả các vấn đề được biết đến hoặc các bug mà tồn tại với lệnh hoặc đầu ra của nó.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;EXAMPLES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Các ví dụ về cách sử dụng phổ biến mà cung cấp cho người đọc gợi ý về cách mà lệnh được sử dụng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;AUTHORS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tác giả của Man Page/lệnh.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cuối cùng, chúng tôi muốn nói rằng,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Man Page&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là một nguồn quan trọng và là con đường đầu tiên bạn chọn khi tìm kiếm thông tin về các lệnh hoặc các file trong hệ thống Unix.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh shell hữu ích trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bây giờ bạn đã biết cách để thực hành, theo link dưới đây – là chương hướng dẫn về Các lệnh shell hữu ích sẽ cung cấp cho bạn một danh sách các lệnh quan trọng và thường được sử dụng trong Unix shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn không biết cách sử dụng bất cứ lệnh nào, bạn sử dụng Manpage để nhận được thông tin chi tiết về lệnh đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4277124024289319756/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/manpage-help-trong-unix.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4277124024289319756'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4277124024289319756'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/manpage-help-trong-unix.html' title='ManPage Help trong Unix'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-2233761698654697933</id><published>2021-10-07T09:38:00.005+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:38:39.175+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Các hàm Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Các&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;hàm&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;cho phép bạn tinh giản một tính năng tổng thể của một script vào một phần nhỏ và logic hơn mà có thể thực hiện cùng một chức năng bất cứ khi nào nó được cần thông qua việc gọi hàm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sử dụng các hàm để thực hiện các công việc mang tính lặp là một cách thông minh để tạo tính sử dụng lại được của code. Tính sử dụng lại của code là một phần quan trọng của các quy tắc chương trình hướng đối tượng hiện đại.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hàm Shell là tương tự như các chương trình con, phương thức và các hàm của các chương trình khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tạo các hàm trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để công bố một hàm, đơn giản bạn sử dụng cú pháp sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;function_name &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; 
   list of commands
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tên hàm của bạn là&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;function_name&lt;/strong&gt;, và nó là những gì mà bạn sẽ sử dụng để gọi nó từ bất cứ đâu trong script của bạn. Tên hàm phải được theo sau bởi&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;dấu ngoặc đơn&lt;/strong&gt;, mà được theo sau bởi một danh sách các&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;lệnh&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;bao quanh trong&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;dấu ngoặc ôm&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;({}).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau đây là ví dụ đơn giản của việc sử dụng hàm:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Define your function here&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Hello World&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Invoke your function&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi bạn chạy script trên, nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;World&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Truyền các tham số cho một hàm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể định nghĩa một hàm mà sẽ nhận các tham số trong khi gọi các hàm đó. Những tham số này sẽ có thể được đại diện bởi $1, $2 và...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ mà chúng ta truyền hai tham số Zara và Ali và sau đó chúng ta bắt và in các tham số này trong hàm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Define your function here&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Hello World $1 $2&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Invoke your function&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Code này sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;World&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trả lại các giá trị từ một hàm trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn chạy một lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;exit&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;từ bên trong một hàm, hiệu quả của nó là không chỉ kết thúc sự vận hành của hàm mà còn của chương trình Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn thay cho muốn kết thúc sự vận hành của hàm, thì có cách để thoát khỏi một hàm đã định nghĩa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dựa trên tình huống bạn có thể trả lại bất cứ giá trị nào từ hàm của bạn bằng cách sử dụng&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lệnh return&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mà có cú pháp như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây code có thể là bất cứ cái gì mà bạn chọn, nhưng rõ ràng là bạn nên chọn một cái gì đó mà có nghĩa hoặc hữu ích trong bối cảnh tổng thể script của bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hàm dưới đây trả lại giá trị 1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Define your function here&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Hello World $1 $2&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Invoke your function&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Capture value returnd by last command&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
ret&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Return value is $ret&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Code trên tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;World&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; value &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các hàm được lồng vào nhau trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một trong những đặc điểm đáng quan tâm của các hàm là chúng có thể là chúng có thể gọi chính hàm đó hoặc gọi các hàm khác. Một hàm có thể gọi chính nó được biết đến như hàm đệ quy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ giải thích sự lồng vào nhau của hai hàm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Calling one function from another&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
number_one &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;This is the first function speaking...&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   number_two
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

number_two &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;()&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;This is now the second function speaking...&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Calling function one.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
number_one&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; the first &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; speaking&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; now the second &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; speaking&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Gọi hàm từ dòng nhắc lệnh trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể đặt định nghĩa của các hàm thường được sử dụng bên trong một .profile của bạn để mà chúng có sẵn mỗi khi bạn đăng nhập và bạn có thể sử dụng chúng bất cứ khi nào tại dòng nhắc lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn cũng có thể chọn cách tạo nhóm các định nghĩa hàm này vào trong một file, gọi là test.sh, và sau đó chạy file trên Shell hiện tại bằng cách gõ từ bàn phím.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điều này có thể thực hiện được khi các hàm trong file này có thể cho phép đọc và nó được xác định trong Shell hiện tại như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ number_one
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; the first &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; speaking&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; now the second &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; speaking&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để gỡ bỏ một định nghĩa hàm từ Shell hiện tại, bạn có thể sử dụng lệnh unset với chức năng .&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/strong&gt;. Nó giống với lệnh mà bạn sử dụng để gỡ bỏ định nghĩa một biến từ Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$unset &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;f function_name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/2233761698654697933/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-ham-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2233761698654697933'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2233761698654697933'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-ham-shell.html' title='Các hàm Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4549233568359597203</id><published>2021-10-07T09:38:00.001+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:38:04.547+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Điều hướng IO trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Hầu hết các lệnh hệ thống Unix nhận dữ liệu input từ terminal của bạn và gửi output lại cho terminal của bạn. Một lệnh thường đọc input của nó từ một địa điểm gọi là input tiêu chuẩn (standard input), mà xảy ra với terminal của bạn theo mặc định. Theo cách tương tự, một lệnh thường ghi output tới đầu ra tiêu chuẩn (standard output), mà cũng xảy ra với terminal của bạn theo mặc định.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điều hướng lại output trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;output từ một lệnh thường có khuynh hướng chờ cho standard output có thể dễ dàng định hướng tới một file. Khả năng này được biết đến như là sự điều hướng lại đầu ra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu các ký hiệu &amp;gt; file được gán tới bất kỳ lệnh nào thì nó thường ghi đầu ra của nó tới standard output, đầu ra của lệnh đó sẽ được ghi vào file thay vì terminal của bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chúng ta cùng kiểm tra lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;who&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mà sẽ điều hướng lại toàn bộ đầu ra của lệnh trong tệp users:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ who &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; users&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chú ý rằng, không đầu ra nào xuất hiện trên terminal. Đó là bởi vì đầu ra đã được điều hướng lại từ thiết bị đầu ra tiêu chuẩn mặc định (terminal) vào trong một file cụ thể. Nếu bạn kiểm tra tệp users thì khi đó file đó sẽ có nội dung đầy đủ:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat users
oko         tty01   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sep&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
ai          tty15   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sep&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
ruth        tty21   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sep&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
pat         tty24   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sep&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
steve       tty25   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sep&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;03&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu một lệnh có đầu ra được điều hướng lại tới một file và file đó đã chứa một vài dữ liệu, thì dữ liệu đó sẽ bị thất lạc. Xem xét ví dụ sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ echo line &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; users
$ cat users
line &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng toán tử &amp;gt;&amp;gt; để gán đầu ra vào một file đang tồn tại như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ echo line &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; users
$ cat users
line &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
line &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự điều hướng lại input trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CIaY-amit_MCFdQZvQod6CoAGA&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574190&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fdieu-huong-io-trong-unix-linux-156633&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy6ASeqfYRzSIdENrMpprsc4qvvkNxBrHfs2F8k4O8HZ1g58FPSJxXGs1aZxzBn-cTII28NeIBK8LZt9Xc_yQTR0OQLk&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574194159&amp;amp;bpp=10&amp;amp;bdt=4808&amp;amp;idt=3607&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=5361786391255&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574198&amp;amp;ga_hid=250572815&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;u_sd=1.25&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=2015&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=31062938%2C31062944%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H-ckfXffo0Q2G4y8pph9BlPWSKglm8BUafpTw0pAL1TT-onTu3QHn56q1HTlAZtF6TwXs9FAp9MneA&amp;amp;pvsid=3760986164781676&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=HddO4mdoQf&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=59350&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tương tự như đầu ra của lệnh, input của lệnh cũng có thể điều hướng lại từ một file. Khi ký tự lớn hơn &amp;gt; được sử dụng cho điều hướng input, thì ký tự nhỏ hơn &amp;lt; được sử dụng để điều hướng lại input của lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh mà thường nhận input của nó từ input tiêu chuẩn có thể có input từ một file theo thao tác của người sử dụng. Ví dụ, để tính toán số lượng dòng trong một tệp users trên, bạn có thể chạy lệnh như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ wc &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;l users
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; users
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả là 2 dòng. Bạn có thể tính toán số dòng trong file bởi điều hướng lại input tiêu chuẩn của lệnh wc từ tệp users.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ wc &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;l &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; users
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi nhớ rằng, có một sự khác nhau trong output bởi 2 mẫu của lệnh wc. Trong trường hợp đầu tiên, tên của tệp users được liệt kê với số dòng, còn trong trường hợp thứ hai thì không.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trong trường hợp đầu, wc biết rằng nó đang đọc input của nó từ tệp users. Trong trường hợp thứ hai, nó chỉ biết rằng nó đang input của nó từ input tiêu chuẩn vì thế nó không hiển thị tên file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Here document trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một here document được sử dụng để điều hướng lại input vào trong một shell script hoặc chương trình tương tác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chúng ta có thể chạy một chương trình tương tác trong một shell script mà không cần thao tác của người sử dụng cung cấp input yêu cầu cho chương trình hoặc shell script tương tác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mẫu chung cho một here document là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;command &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; delimiter
document
delimiter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây, shell phiên dịch toán tử &amp;lt;&amp;lt; như là một chỉ lệnh để đọc input tới khi nó tìm thấy một dòng chứa giới hạn đã xác định. Tất cả input mà ở trên dòng chứa giới hạn sau đó được cho trở thành input tiêu chuẩn của lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giới hạn này nói cho shell rằng here document đã thực hiện xong. Không có nó, shell tiếp tục đọc input mãi mãi. Giới hạn phải là một từ đơn mà không chứa các dấu cách hoặc tab.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là input của lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;wc -l&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để tính toán tổng số dòng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$wc &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;l &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; EOF
	&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; a simple lookup program 
	&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; good &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; bad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; restaurants
	&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cape&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Town&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
EOF
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng here document để in nhiều dòng mà sử dụng script của bạn như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

cat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; EOF
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; a simple lookup program 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; good &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; bad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; restaurants
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cape&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Town&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
EOF	&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Code này sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; a simple lookup program
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; good &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; bad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; restaurants
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cape&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Town&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Script sau chạy một khu vực với Bộ soạn văn bản vi và lưu giữ input vào trong tệp test.txt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

filename&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;txt
vi $filename &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;EndOfCommands&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
i
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; file was created automatically &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
a shell script
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;^[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
ZZ
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;EndOfCommands&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn chạy script này với vim mà hoạt động tương tự vi, thì sau đó bạn sẽ thấy output giống như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ sh test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vim&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Warning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Input&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; a terminal
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau khi chạy script, bạn sẽ thấy đầu ra sau được thêm vào file test.txt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cat test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;txt
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; file was created automatically &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
a shell script
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_4_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Loại bỏ output trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đôi khi bạn sẽ cần chạy một lệnh, nhưng bạn không muốn output hiển thị trên màn hình. Trong những trường hợp như vậy, bạn có thể loại bỏ đầu ra bằng điều hướng lại nó vào trong tệp /dev/null:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ command &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;null&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây, command là tên của lệnh bạn muốn chạy. Tệp /dev/null là một file đặc biệt mà tự động loại bỏ tất cả input của nó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Để loại bỏ cả đầu ra của một lệnh và đầu ra bị lỗi của lệnh, bạn sử dụng sự điều hướng lại tiêu chuẩn để điều hướng lại STDERR tới STDOUT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre14&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre14&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ command &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/dev/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;null&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây 2 đại diện cho STDERR và 1 đại diện cho STDOUT. Bạn có thể hiển thị một thông báo trên STDERR bằng điều hướng lại STDIN thành STDERR như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre15&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre15&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ echo message &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các lệnh điều hướng lại trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là danh sách đầy đủ các lệnh mà bạn có thể sử dụng cho điều hướng lại:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 67, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Lệnh&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;pgm &amp;gt; file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đầu ra của pgm được điều hướng tới file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;pgm &amp;lt; file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chương trình pgm đọc input từ file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;pgm &amp;gt;&amp;gt; file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đầu ra của pgm được gán tới file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;n &amp;gt; file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đầu ra từ stream với dấu hiệu n được điều hướng tới file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;n &amp;gt;&amp;gt; file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Đầu ra từ stream với dấu hiệu n được gán tới file.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;n &amp;gt;&amp;amp; m&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sáp nhập đầu ra từ stream n với stream m.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;n &amp;lt;&amp;amp; m&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Sáp nhập input từ stream n với stream m.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; tag&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;input tiêu chuẩn xuất phát từ đây qua thẻ tiếp theo tại phần đầu của dòng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nhận đầu ra từ một chương trình hoặc một tiến trình và gửi nó cho chương trình khác..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi chú rằng dấu hiệu file 0 thường là input tiêu chuẩn (STDIN), 1 thường là đầu ra tiêu chuẩn (STDOUT), và 2 thường là đầu ra lỗi tiêu chuẩn (STAERR).&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4549233568359597203/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ieu-huong-io-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4549233568359597203'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4549233568359597203'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ieu-huong-io-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Điều hướng IO trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-192877988461204803</id><published>2021-10-07T09:37:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:37:35.368+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Các kỹ thuật trích dẫn trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các siêu ký tự trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Shell cung cấp các siêu ký tự đa dạng mà có ý nghĩa đặc biệt trong khi sử dụng chúng trong bất kỳ Shell script nào và gây ra sự giới hạn của một từ trừ khi được trích dẫn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ: siêu ký tự ? kết nối với một ký tự đơn trong khi liệt kê các file trong một thư mục và siêu ký tự * sẽ kết nối nhiều hơn một ký tự. Dưới đây liệt kê một danh sách của hầu hết các ký tự đặc biệt trong shell (cũng được gọi là siêu ký tự).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;?&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39; &quot; \ $ ; &amp;amp; ( ) | ^ &amp;lt; &amp;gt; new-line space tab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một ký tự có thể được trích dẫn bằng cách đặt trước nó với một dấu \.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ trong Unix/Linux:&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ chỉ cách để in một * hoặc một ?:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Word&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; line &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Word&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; command &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; found

shell returned &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;127&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bây giờ chúng ta sử dụng một ký tự được trích dẫn:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Word&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hello&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Word&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ký hiệu $ là một siêu ký tự, vì thế nó phải được trích dẫn để tránh shell thực hiện các công việc đặc biệt liên quan đến nó:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;I have $1200&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Code trên tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;I have $1200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có 4 kiểu mẫu trích dẫn được chúng tôi liệt kê trong bảng sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(12, 42, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Trích dẫn&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn đơn&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các ký tự ở giữa trích dẫn này không còn ý nghĩa đặc biệt nữa với shell.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn kép&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Hầu hết các ký tự giữa trích dẫn này không còn ý nghĩa đặc biệt, trừ các ký tự sau:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\&#39;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\\&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dấu gạch chéo ngược&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bất kỳ ký tự nào đằng sau dấu chéo ngược \ không còn ý nghĩa đặc biệt của nó.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn ngược (``)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Bất kỳ ký tự nào ở giữa trích dẫn ngược được shell đối xử như là một lệnh và được chạy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các trích dẫn đơn trong Unix/Linux:&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chúng ta xem xét một lệnh echo mà chứa nhiều ký tự đặc biệt trong shell sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$1500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.**&amp;gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;update&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;?)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đặt một dấu chéo ngược (\) ở trước mỗi ký tự đặc biệt là một việc gây chán ngắt và làm cho code khó để đọc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;echo \&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$1500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\*\*\&amp;gt;\; \(update\?\) \[y\|n\]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có một cách dễ dàng để trích dẫn một nhóm lớn các ký tự. Chúng ta đặt một trích dẫn đơn (`)tại phần đầu và cuối của chuỗi:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;&amp;lt;-$1500.**&amp;gt;; (update?) [y|n]&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bất kỳ ký tự nào trong trích dẫn đơn được trích dẫn tương tự như có một dấu chéo ngược trước mỗi ký tự. Vì thế, bây giờ mỗi lệnh echo này hiển thị một cách chính xác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu một trích dẫn đơn xuất hiện trong một chuỗi để tạo kết quả đầu ra, bạn không nên đặt toàn bộ chuỗi trong trích dẫn đơn, thay vào đó bạn nên đặt trước chúng một dấu \ như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;It\&#39;s Shell Programming&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn kép trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn đang cố gắng để chạy Shell script sau. Script này sử dụng trích dẫn đơn:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre11&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;VAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ZARA
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;$VAR owes &amp;lt;-$1500.**&amp;gt;; [ as of (`date +%m/%d`) ]&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre12&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$VAR owes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$1500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.**&amp;gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`date +%m/%d`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nhưng nó không phải thứ mà bạn muốn hiển thị. Như vậy rõ ràng là trích dẫn đơn ngăn cản trình thay thế biến. Nếu bạn muốn thay thế giá trị của biến và thực hiện công việc sau dấu phảy như bạn mong đợi thì khi đó bạn cần đặt các lệnh của bạn trong trích dẫn kép như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; 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scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2737970258&amp;amp;adk=1511693662&amp;amp;adf=1377782196&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2737970258&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574188&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fcac-ky-thuat-trich-dan-trong-unix-linux-156629&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy7d30KgwPkvaawATDmCOMcyadT1wjUMnFMeQavAA2G-8ZckFyuZ57egl4-ORuszyscj3VSTQm4ZhDIA9nbZFHzOEmO-&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574235743&amp;amp;bpp=2&amp;amp;bdt=659&amp;amp;idt=1431&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C694x174%2C694x174&amp;amp;correlator=5406394220325&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574236&amp;amp;ga_hid=304048444&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=2&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=3243&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=428&amp;amp;eid=31063014%2C44748553%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=521756179828881&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C1536%2C824%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=4&amp;amp;uci=a!4&amp;amp;btvi=3&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=pMv41Qho6E&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=1812&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre13&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;VAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ZARA
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;$VAR owes &amp;lt;-$1500.**&amp;gt;; [ as of (`date +%m/%d`) ]&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre14&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre14&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ZARA owes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$1500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.**&amp;gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;02&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn kép loại bỏ ý nghĩa đặc biệt của tất cả ký tự đặc biệt trừ các trường hợp sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ cho trình thay thế tham số&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn ngược cho trình thay thế lệnh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$ thể hiện bằng chữ của ký hiệu Đôla&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\` thể hiện bằng chữ của ký hiệu trích dẫn ngược&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\&quot; cho phép trích dẫn kép được nhúng&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\\ cho phép ký tự dấu gạch chéo ngược được nhúng&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các dạng &quot;\ký tự&quot; khác được biểu hiện bằng ý nghĩa chữ của nó (không phải đặc biệt)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bất kỳ ký tự nào trong trích dẫn đơn được trích dẫn như là một dấu chéo ngược ở phần trước mỗi ký tự. Vì thế bây giờ lệnh echo này hiển thị chính xác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu một trích dẫn đơn xuất hiện trong một chuỗi ở kết quả đầu ra, bạn không nên đặt toàn bộ chuỗi trong trích dẫn đơn mà thay vào đó bạn nên đặt trước nó một dấu chéo ngược như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre15&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre15&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&#39;It\&#39;s Shell Programming&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trích dẫn ngược trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đặt bất kỳ lệnh shell vào giữa các trích dẫn ngược thì shell sẽ thi hành lệnh đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Đây là cú pháp đơn giản để đặt bất kỳ&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lệnh Shel&lt;/strong&gt;l nào vào giữa trích dẫn ngược:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre16&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre16&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`command`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau đây chúng tôi sẽ chạy&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;lệnh date&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;và giữ kết quả trong biến DATA:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre17&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre17&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;DATE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`date`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Current Date: $DATE&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó tạo ra kết quả là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre18&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre18&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Current&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Jul&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;05&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; MST &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/192877988461204803/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-ky-thuat-trich-dan-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/192877988461204803'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/192877988461204803'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-ky-thuat-trich-dan-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Các kỹ thuật trích dẫn trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-5086446712073586999</id><published>2021-10-07T09:36:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:36:58.377+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Trình thay thế Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trình thay thế (Substitution) trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;là gì?&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Shell thực hiện phép thế khi nó gặp một biểu thức mà chứa một hoặc nhiều ký tự đặc biệt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ, trong khi in một giá trị của biến, nó sẽ được thay thế bởi giá trị của biến. Cùng thời gian đó &quot;\n&quot; được thay thế bởi dòng mới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Value of a is $a \n&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo kết quả như dưới đây. Tại đây, chức năng&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;-e&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;sẽ cho phép biên dịch dãy thoát dấu chéo ngược.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu không có chức năng -e thì nó tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các dãy thoát mà có thể được sử dụng bởi lệnh echo:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(21, 29, 237); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Dãy thoát&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\\&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dấu chéo ngược&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\a&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dấu hiệu cảnh báo (BEL)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\b&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phím lùi (backspace)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\c&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Gạch chéo xuống dòng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\f&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;form feed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\n&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Dòng mới&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\r&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Quay trở lại&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\t&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tab ngang&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;\v&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tab dọc&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng chức năng&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-E&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để không cho phép biên dịch dấu ngoặc chéo (mặc định).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng chức năng&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-n&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để không cho phép chèn của dòng mới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trình thay thế lệnh (Command Substitution) trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trình thay thế lệnh là một kỹ thuật mà bởi nó Shell thực hiện một tập hợp các lệnh đã cung cấp và sau đó thay thế vị trí kết quả của các lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trình thay thế lệnh được thực hiện khi một lệnh được cung cấp như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`command`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi thực hiện trình thay thế lệnh, đảm bảo rằng bạn đang sử dụng 2 dấu trích dẫn đơn kiểu (`), chứ không phải là &quot;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trình thay thế lệnh thông thường được sử dụng để gán đầu ra của một lệnh tới một biến. Mỗi một ví dụ sau giải thích cách sử dụng trình thay thế lệnh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

DATE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`date`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Date is $DATE&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

USERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`who | wc -l`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Logged in user are $USERS&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

UP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`date ; uptime`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Uptime is $UP&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Date&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Jul&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;03&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;59&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; MST &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Logged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; user are &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Uptime&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Thu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Jul&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;03&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;59&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; MST &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;03&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;59&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; up &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; days&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;03&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;  load avg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0.13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0.07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0.15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CJPjr4yit_MCFVMmlgodIrYM4A&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trình thay thế biến (Variable Substitution) trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự thay thế biến cho phép người lập trình Shell thao tác giá trị của biến dựa trên trạng thái của nó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là bảng cho tất cả các trình thay thế có thể:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(25, 14, 230); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Mẫu&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;${var}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay thế giá trị của&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;${var:-word}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;là null hoặc unset, thì&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;word&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;được thay thế cho&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/strong&gt;. Giá trị của&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;không thay đổi.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;${var:=word}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;là null hoặc unset,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;được thiết lập là giá trị của&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;word&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;${var:?message}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;là null hoặc unset,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;message&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;được in là lỗi. Lệnh này kiểm tra xem các biến có được thiết lập đúng không.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;${var:+word}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nếu&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;được thiết lập,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;word&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;được thay thế cho var. Giá trị của&amp;nbsp;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/em&gt;không thay đổi.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ minh họa các trạng thái đa dạng của trình thay thế trên:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Variable is not set&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;1 - Value of var is ${var}&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Variable is not set&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;2 - Value of var is ${var}&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

unset &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;This is default value&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;3 - Value of var is $var&quot;&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Prefix&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;This is default value&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;4 - Value of var is $var&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Print this message&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;5 - Value of var is ${var}&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; 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data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Variable&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;set&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Variable&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;set&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Variable&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;set&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;default&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; value
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Prefix&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Prefix&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Prefix&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/5086446712073586999/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/trinh-thay-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/5086446712073586999'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/5086446712073586999'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/trinh-thay-shell.html' title='Trình thay thế Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-5523770258997033956</id><published>2021-10-07T09:35:00.004+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:35:34.390+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Điều khiển vòng lặp trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Chương trước bạn đã được hướng dẫn cách tạo vòng lặp và làm việc với chúng để thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác nhau. Đôi khi bạn cần dừng một vòng lặp hoặc tiếp tục tiến hành quá trình lặp đi lặp lại của chúng.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trong chương này, bạn sẽ học 2 lệnh được sử dụng trong điều khiển vòng lặp Shell:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;break&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;continue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp vô hạn trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả vòng lặp có một vòng đời giới hạn và chúng kết thúc khi điều kiện là đúng hoặc sai phụ thuộc vào vòng lặp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một vòng lặp có thể tiếp tục tiến hành vĩnh viễn do chưa so khớp đúng với điều kiện yêu cầu. Một vòng lặp vô hạn là một vòng lặp mà chạy với số lần không đếm được.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ đơn giản về sử dụng vòng lặp&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;while&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để hiển thị các số từ 0 đến 9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; 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position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ge &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $a
   a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a + 1`&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp này là vòng lặp vô hạn bởi vì a luôn luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 10 và nó sẽ không bao giờ nhỏ hơn 10.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh break trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;break&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;được sử dụng để kết thúc tiến trình chạy của một vòng lặp đầy đủ, sau khi hoàn thành chạy tất cả các dòng trong code tới lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;này. Nó sau đó bước ra khỏi đoạn code sau khi kết thuc vòng lặp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;sau được sử dụng để thoát khỏi một vòng lặp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh break có thể được sử dụng để thoát khỏi một vòng lặp sử dụng định dạng sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại đây&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;xác định vòng lặp thứ n được bao quanh để thoát ra khỏi từ đó:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ sau chỉ vòng lặp sau sẽ kết thúc ngay sau khi điều kiện trở thành 5:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;lt &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $a
   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;eq &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a + 1`&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ hiển thị kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CNTG4eGht_MCFY9pvQodhH8GUw&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574001&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fdieu-khien-vong-lap-trong-unix-linux-156626&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy4pH_VRgsbwGNhIGIOyvQDo6CoRCKMmndlUbX_OyczmcBsrNGtuOAZ70J0-5_tQeenXDev8HpRb6RQn4VeMNFlT4Cdo&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574004672&amp;amp;bpp=4&amp;amp;bdt=4791&amp;amp;idt=7691&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=2688845191914&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574012&amp;amp;ga_hid=240712298&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=2465&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44750345%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H8mjGfSjnELYDCEvVRw-LXM5gweI9qZwygbIeGh42XfkCmubIwfQBvsPpVV6HUh5Zn_ws2DkUyXX3c&amp;amp;pvsid=3471920395489093&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=L4IrmpRr43&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=97387&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là một ví dụ đơn giản của lồng vòng lặp. Script thoát ra khỏi cả hai vòng lặp nếu var1 bằng 2 và var2 bằng 0.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; var1 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; var2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $var1 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;eq &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;a $var2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;eq &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;
         &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
         echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;$var1 $var2&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo kết quả sau. Trong vòng lặp bên trong bạn có một lệnh break với đối số 2. Nó chỉ rằng nếu điều kiện được thỏa mãn bạn nên thoát khỏi vòng lặp ở bên ngoài.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh continue trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;continue&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;này tương tự như lệnh break, ngoại trừ việc nó gây ra sự lặp lại hiện tại của các vòng lặp để thoát ra, chứ không phải toàn bộ vòng lặp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh này được sử dụng khi một lỗi đã xảy ra và bạn muốn cố để chạy sự lặp kế tiếp của vòng lặp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giống với lệnh break, một đối số nguyên có thể được cung cấp cho lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;continue&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để nhảy qua lệnh này từ vòng lặp được lồng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ở đây n xác định vòng lặp được bao thứ n để tiếp tục từ đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp sau sử dụng lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;continue&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mà trở lại từ lệnh continue và bắt đầu tiến trình lệnh kế tiếp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

NUMS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;1 2 3 4 5 6 7&quot;&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; NUM &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $NUMS
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $NUM % 2`&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $Q &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;eq &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
      echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Number is an even number!!&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Found odd number&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2737970258&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_3_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!4&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CKX1zuiht_MCFcN6vQod5IAHMw&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_3&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_3&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2737970258&amp;amp;adk=1511693662&amp;amp;adf=1377782196&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2737970258&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633574001&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fdieu-khien-vong-lap-trong-unix-linux-156626&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy4pH_VRgsbwGNhIGIOyvQDo6CoRCKMmndlUbX_OyczmcBsrNGtuOAZ70J0-5_tQeenXDev8HpRb6RQn4VeMNFlT4Cdo&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574004676&amp;amp;bpp=12&amp;amp;bdt=4795&amp;amp;idt=7974&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174%2C694x174%2C336x672&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=2688845191914&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574012&amp;amp;ga_hid=240712298&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=3927&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=956&amp;amp;eid=44750345%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H8mjGfSjnELYDCEvVRw-LXM5gweI9qZwygbIeGh42XfkCmubIwfQBvsPpVV6HUh5Zn_ws2DkUyXX3c%2CAGkb-H-ZomjezlHRDRbJqjDw72TWZz2mkouRT72kjK51OA3zEQFYfCt9s_zG_U2CoStr1hMHk_uzkul-KztpOQ&amp;amp;pvsid=3471920395489093&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C1536%2C824%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=4&amp;amp;uci=a!4&amp;amp;btvi=4&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=eGzNLYvWkb&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=M&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre10&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Found&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; odd number
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Number&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; an even number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;!!&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Found&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; odd number
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Number&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; an even number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;!!&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Found&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; odd number
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Number&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; an even number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;!!&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Found&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; odd number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/5523770258997033956/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ieu-khien-vong-lap-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/5523770258997033956'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/5523770258997033956'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ieu-khien-vong-lap-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Điều khiển vòng lặp trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4773266262056277752</id><published>2021-10-07T09:35:00.000+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:35:01.108+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Vòng lặp trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp là công cụ chương trình có tính năng mạnh, cho phép bạn có thể lặp lại một tập hợp các lệnh. Trong chương này, bạn sẽ tìm hiểu qua các ví dụ thực hành về vòng lặp có trong các chương trình shell.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/vong-lap-while-trong-shell-156639&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Vòng lặp while trong Shell&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp while&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/vong-lap-for-trong-shell-156640&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Vòng lặp for trong Shell&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp for&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/vong-lap-until-trong-shell-156641&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Vòng lặp until trong Shell&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp until&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/vong-lap-select-trong-shell-156643&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Vòng lặp select trong Shell&quot;&gt;Vòng lặp select&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn sẽ sử dụng các vòng lặp khác nhau trên cơ sở các tình huống khác nhau. Ví dụ, vòng lặp while sẽ chạy lệnh đã cho tới khi điều kiện đã cho vẫn còn đúng, trong khi đó vòng lặp until sẽ chạy tới khi điều kiện đã cho trở nên đúng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một khi bạn có các bài thực hành chương trình tốt, bạn sẽ bắt đầu sử dụng vòng lặp thích hợp trên cơ sở tình huống đã cho. Ở đây, vòng lặp while và for là có sẵn trong hầu hết các ngôn ngữ chương trình khác như C, C++ và PERL etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;filled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_1_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!2&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;COGAscqht_MCFQZRYAodLfUNAg&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;174&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_1&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2079243249&amp;amp;adk=4249125901&amp;amp;adf=3938695733&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2079243249&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633573999&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fvong-lap-trong-unix-linux-156624&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy7lcdO1Apzj087edkOYcDKm2gshunLT8jr23kequjUwGmQW_thobJFH9Od7qnoLQG8UBDzi-UbpRaRemXVmYKRl0nAe&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574000099&amp;amp;bpp=55&amp;amp;bdt=2451&amp;amp;idt=5400&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=494152978371&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574005&amp;amp;ga_hid=768287094&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=771&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44751036%2C31062422%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=728765125702564&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=2&amp;amp;uci=a!2&amp;amp;btvi=1&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=ThlOBFlZWX&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=52842&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lồng các vòng lặp trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các vòng lặp hỗ trợ khái niệm lồng, có nghĩa là bạn có thể đặt một vòng lặp vào bên trong một vòng lặp tương tự hoặc các vòng lặp khác. Việc lồng này có thể không giới hạn số lượng tối đa vòng lặp, nó phụ thuộc vào yêu cầu của bạn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ của lồng vòng lặp while, và theo cách tương tự, các vòng lặp khác có thể được lồng tùy theo yêu cầu chương trình.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lồng vòng lặp while trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó là có thể để sử dụng vòng lặp while như là một phần của thân của một vòng lặp while khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cú pháp:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; command1 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Day la vong lap thu nhat, la vong lap ben ngoai&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cac&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; lenh de thuc thi neu command1 la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;

   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; command2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# Day la vong lap thu hai, la vong lap ben trong&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cac&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; lenh de thuc thi neu command2 la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;

   &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cac&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; lenh de thuc thi neu command1 la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau đây là ví dụ đơn giản của lồng vòng lặp:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CISpsMqht_MCFQTGTAIdoRcOBQ&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633573999&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fvong-lap-trong-unix-linux-156624&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy7lcdO1Apzj087edkOYcDKm2gshunLT8jr23kequjUwGmQW_thobJFH9Od7qnoLQG8UBDzi-UbpRaRemXVmYKRl0nAe&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633574000154&amp;amp;bpp=5&amp;amp;bdt=2506&amp;amp;idt=5730&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=494152978371&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633574005&amp;amp;ga_hid=768287094&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=1663&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=44751036%2C31062422%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=728765125702564&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-10-07-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=66ZDowF7jq&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=52824&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;$a&quot;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;lt &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# this is loop1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;$a&quot;&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;$b&quot;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;ge &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;# this is loop2&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
      echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;n &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;$b &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
      b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $b - 1`&lt;/span&gt;
   &lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo
   a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a + 1`&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó tạo ra kết quả sau. Nó là quan trọng để ghi nhớ cách&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;echo -n&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;làm việc ở đây. Tại đây tùy chọn&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-n&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;cho phép echo tránh việc in một dòng ký tự mới.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4773266262056277752/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4773266262056277752'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4773266262056277752'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/vong-lap-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Vòng lặp trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-8778731357092509422</id><published>2021-10-07T09:34:00.001+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:34:25.522+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Điều khiển luồng trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Trong khi viết một Shell script, có thể có một tình huống khi bạn cần để theo một path ngoài 2 path đã được cung cấp. Vì thế bạn cần tạo cách sử dụng của các lệnh có điều kiện mà cho phép chương trình của bạn tạo các quyết định chính xác và thực hiện các hành động đúng.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix Shell hỗ trợ các lệnh có điều kiện mà được sử dụng để thực hiện các hành động khác nhau dựa trên các điều kiện đa dạng. Tại đây chúng ta sẽ giải thích hai lệnh điều khiển luồng:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;if...else&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;case...esac&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh if…else trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh này là một lệnh điều khiển luồng hữu ích, được sử dụng để lựa chọn một tùy chọn từ một tập hợp tùy chọn đã cho.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix Shell hỗ trợ các mẫu lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;if…else&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh if...else...fi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh if...elif...else...fi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Hầu hết các lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;if&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;kiểm tra mối quan hệ bằng cách sử dụng các toán tử quan hệ được đề cập trong chương trước.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh case...esac trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể sử dụng nhiều lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;if…elif&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;để thực hiện một nhánh có nhiều lựa chọn. Tuy nhiên, đây không là giải pháp tốt nhất, đặc biệt khi tất cả các nhánh phụ thuộc vào giá trị của một biến đơn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Unix shell hỗ trợ lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;case...esac&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mà giải quyết chính xác tình huống này, và nó thực hiện theo cách hiệu quả hơn là lặp lại sử dụng nhiều lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;if…elif&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chỉ có một mẫu của lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;case…esac&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mà được liệt kê ở đây:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;case...esac&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;case...esac&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;của Unix Shell là tương tự với lệnh switch...case mà chúng ta có trong các&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/lap-trinh-c&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Ngôn ngữ lập trình C &quot;&gt;chương trình C&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;hoặc&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/cplusplus&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Lập trình C++ &quot;&gt;C++&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;và PERL etc.&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/8778731357092509422/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ieu-khien-luong-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/8778731357092509422'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/8778731357092509422'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/ieu-khien-luong-trong-shell.html' title='Điều khiển luồng trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4406793849743179982</id><published>2021-10-07T09:33:00.005+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:33:47.018+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Toán tử Korn Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Bài hướng dẫn này liệt kê tất cả các toán tử có sẵn trong Korn Shell. Ở đây hầu hết các toán tử này tương tự như những gì chúng ta có trong&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/lap-trinh-c&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Ngôn ngữ lập trình C &quot;&gt;Ngôn ngữ chương trình C&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử được liệt kê dưới đây theo thứ tự ưu tiên giảm dần:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử logic và đại số trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;table table-bordered&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(17, 46, 237); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cộng một ngôi (toán tử unary là toán tử của hàm một biến)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trừ một ngôi&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!~&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép phủ định phần bù&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép nhân&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép chia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép chia lấy phần dư&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép cộng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép trừ&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép dịch trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép dịch phải&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;==&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh chuỗi bằng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép so sánh chuỗi không bằng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;=~&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp pattern&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép AND Bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép XOR Bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép OR Bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép AND logic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;||&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép OR logic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;++&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng gia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;--&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng giảm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép gán&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử kiểm tra File trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới đây liệt kê các toán tử kiểm tra các đặc tính đa dạng của một Unix file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;table table-bordered&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(22, 15, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-r file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có đọc được hay không, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-w file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có ghi được hay không, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-x file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có thực thi được hay không, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-f file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là file thường trái ngược với một thư mục hoặc một file đặc biệt, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-s file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có kích cỡ lớn hơn 0, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-d file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là một thư mục, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-e file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file tồn tại. Là true ngay cả khi nếu file là một thư mục nhưng tồn tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4406793849743179982/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/toan-tu-korn-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4406793849743179982'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4406793849743179982'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/toan-tu-korn-shell.html' title='Toán tử Korn Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-4794297487709915576</id><published>2021-10-07T09:33:00.001+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:33:11.772+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Các toán tử C Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Chương hướng dẫn này liệt kê tất cả các toán tử có sẵn trong C Shell. Ở đây, hầu hết các toán tử là tương tự như chúng ta có trong&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/lap-trinh-c&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Ngôn ngữ lập trình C &quot;&gt;Ngôn ngữ chương trình C&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử được liệt kê theo thứ tự giảm dần về thứ tự ưu tiên.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử logic và số học trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;table table-bordered&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(10, 10, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;( )&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Thay đổi quyền ưu tiên&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;~&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phần bù&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép phủ định&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép nhân&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép chia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép chia lấy phần dư&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép cộng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép trừ&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép dịch trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép dịch phải&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;==&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh chuỗi bằng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So sánh chuỗi không bằng&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;=~&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;So khớp pattern&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép AND Bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép XOR Bit (Hoặc có loại trừ)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;|&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép OR Bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép AND logic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;||&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép OR logic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;++&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng gia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;--&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lượng giảm&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép gán&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;*=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Nhân bên trái với bên phải và gán cho bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chia bên trái cho bên phải và gán cho bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;+=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Cộng bên trái và bên phải và gán cho bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trừ bên trái cho bên phải và gán cho bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;^=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép XOR bên trái và bên phải và gán kết quả cho bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;%=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Chia bên trái cho bên phải và lấy phần dư gán cho bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử kiểm tra File trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bảng dưới đây liệt kê các toán tử để kiểm tra các đặc tính đa dạng của một Unix file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;table table-bordered&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(34, 23, 232); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-r file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có đọc được hay không, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-w file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có viết được hay không, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-x file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có thực thi (execute) được hay không, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-f file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là file thường trái ngược với một thư mục hoặc một file đặc biệt, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-z file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có kích cỡ lớn hơn 0, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-d file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là một thư mục, nếu có thì điều kiện là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-e file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là tồn tại. Là true ngay cả khi nó là một thư mục nhưng tồn tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-o file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu người sử dụng sở hữu file đó. Nó trả về giá trị true nếu người sử dụng là người sở hữu file đó.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/4794297487709915576/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-toan-tu-c-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4794297487709915576'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/4794297487709915576'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-toan-tu-c-shell.html' title='Các toán tử C Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-637144518767162496</id><published>2021-10-07T09:31:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:31:31.477+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Các toán tử Shell cơ bản</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Có rất nhiều toán tử được hỗ trợ bởi mỗi Shell. Phần hướng dẫn của chúng tôi dựa trên cơ sở Shell mặc định (Bourne) vì thế chúng ta đang bàn về các toán tử của Bourne shell trong chương này.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có các toán tử sau mà chúng ta cần quan tâm:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử số học&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử quan hệ&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử logic&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử chuỗi&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử kiểm tra file&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bourne shell lúc đầu không có bất cứ một kỹ thuật nào để trình bày số học đơn giản, nhưng nó sử dụng chương trình ngoại vi, hoặc là&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;awk&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;hoặc là chương trình đơn giản hơn&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;expr&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ đơn giản để cộng hai số:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

val&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;`expr 2 + 2`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Total value : $val&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; value &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Những điểm mà bạn cần lưu ý là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Phải có một khoảng trống giữa hai toán tử và 2 sự diễn đạt, ví dụ 2+2 là không đúng, nó nên được viết là 2 + 2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sự diễn đạt đầy đủ nên được bao quanh bởi ``, gọi là dấu phảy bị nghịch đảo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử số học trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử số học sau được hỗ trợ bởi Bourne shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử biến a giữ giá trị 10 và biến b giữ giá trị 20, thì khi đó:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(10, 68, 242); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép cộng – thêm giá trị ở mỗi bên vào toán tử&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a + $b` kết quả là 30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép trừ – trừ giá trị bên phải của toán tử bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a - $b` kết quả là -10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép nhân – nhân giá trị ở trên mỗi bên với toán tử.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;`expr $a \* $b` kết quả là 200&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;/&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép chia – chia giá trị bên phải cho giá trị bên trái&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;`expr $b / $a` kết quả là 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Lấy số dư – lấy phần còn lại sau khi đã chia giá trị trái cho giá trị bên phải&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;`expr $b % $a` kết quả là 0&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép gán – gán toán hạng trái cho toán hạng phải&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;a=$b sẽ gán giá trị của b cho a&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;==&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép bằng – so sánh hai số, nếu cả hai đều giống nhau thì kết quả trả về là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a == $b ] sẽ trả về kết quả False.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép không cân bằng – so sánh hai số, nếu cả hai số khác nhau thì giá trị trả về là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a != $b ] sẽ trả về kết quả True.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; data-google-container-id=&quot;a!3&quot; data-google-query-id=&quot;CJSm_uqgt_MCFQJGKgodJe8Gtw&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_2&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=4889239415&amp;amp;adk=674255725&amp;amp;adf=153795157&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.4889239415&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633573759&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fcac-toan-tu-shell-co-ban-156614&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy5owm1h7QKz8ejBSLuFKpED9X6UjDydqAGnmL8cFc87zYSIPm0B2ibdWZQZqvaaoCsj2kKUo6xbo1OxigVeGSQ_4tae&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633573760776&amp;amp;bpp=12&amp;amp;bdt=2918&amp;amp;idt=4299&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0%2C694x174&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=8379940594138&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633573765&amp;amp;ga_hid=1111971880&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=1975&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=31062423%2C21065724%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;pvsid=259965228513277&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-09-17-02&amp;amp;ifi=3&amp;amp;uci=a!3&amp;amp;btvi=2&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=2mhf7nqm5e&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=92262&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó là rất quan trọng để ghi nhớ rằng tại đây tất cả các sự diễn đạt có điều kiện sẽ được đặt trong hai dấu ngoặc ôm vuông ([]) với một dấu cách trống quanh chúng, ví dụ [$a == $b ] là đúng, và [$a==$b] là không đúng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các toán tử số học được thực hiện sử dụng các số nguyên dài.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử quan hệ trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bourne shell hỗ trợ các toán tử quan hệ sau mà là riêng với các giá trị số. Những toán tử này không làm việc cho chuỗi trừ khi giá trị của nó là số.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ, các toán tử sau sẽ kiểm tra một quan hệ giữa 10 và 20, cũng là giữa &quot;10&quot; và &quot;20&quot; nhưng không giữa &quot;ten&quot; và &quot;twenty&#39;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử biến a giữ giá trị 10 và biến b giữ giá trị 20 thì khi đó:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(23, 30, 230); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-eq&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra giá trị của hai toán hạng là cân bằng hoặc không, nếu có thì điều kiện trở lên đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -eq $b ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-ne&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra giá trị của hai toán hạng là cân bằng hoặc không, nếu không cân bằng thì điều kiện trở lên đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -ne $b ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-gt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu giá trị của toán hạng trái lớn hơn giá trị của toán hạng phải, nếu đúng thì điều kiện trở nên đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -gt $b ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-lt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu giá trị của toán hạng trái nhỏ hơn giá trị của toán hạng phải, nếu đúng thì điều kiện trở nên đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -lt $b ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-ge&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu giá trị của toán hạng trái lớn hơn hoặc bằng giá trị của toán hạng phải, nếu đúng thì điều kiện trở nên đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -ge $b ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-le&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu giá trị của toán hạng trái nhỏ hơn hoặc bằng giá trị của toán hạng phải, nếu đúng thì điều kiện trở nên đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -le $b ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó là rất quan trọng để ghi nhớ rằng tại đây tất cả các sự diễn đạt có điều kiện sẽ được đặt trong dấu ngoặc ôm vuông ([]) với dấu cách trống quanh chúng, ví dụ [ $a &amp;lt;= $b ] là đúng và [$a&amp;lt;=$b] là không đúng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử logic trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có các toán tử logic sau được hỗ trợ bởi Bourne Shell&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử biến a giữ giá trị 10 và biến b giữ giá trị 20, thì dưới đây là ví dụ sử dụng tất cả các toán tử logic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(14, 37, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép phủ định. Nếu điều kiện đúng thì giá trị là sai và ngược lại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ ! false ] là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-o&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép hoặc. Nếu một trong các toán hạng là đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -lt 20 -o $b -gt 100 ] là true.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-a&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Phép và. Nếu cả hai toán hạng đều đúng thì điều kiện là đúng, ngoài ra là sai..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a -lt 20 -a $b -gt 100 ] là false.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử chuỗi trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử chuỗi sau được hỗ trợ bởi Bourne Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử biến a giữ giá trị &quot;abc&quot; và biến b giữ giá trị &quot;efg&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(19, 40, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu giá trị của hai toán hạng là cân bằng hoặc không, nếu có thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a = $b ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;!=&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu giá trị của hai toán hạng có cân bằng hoặc không, nếu không cân bằng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a != $b ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-z&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu cỡ toán hạng chuỗi đã cho là 0. Nếu nó có độ dài là 0 thì nó trả về là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -z $a ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-n&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu cỡ toán hạng chuỗi đã cho là khác 0. Nếu độ dài khác 0 thì nó trả về là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -z $a ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;str&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu str không là chuỗi trống. Nếu là chuỗi trống thì nó trả về là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ $a ] là không sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử kiểm tra file trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử sau để kiểm tra các sở hữu cơ bản liên kết với một&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;file&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Unix.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Giả sử một biến file giữ một tên file đang tồn tại là &quot;test&quot; với kích cỡ là 100 byte và được cho phép đọc, viết và chạy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(22, 22, 240); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Toán tử&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Ví dụ&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-b file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là một file khối đặc biệt, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -b $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-c file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là một file ký tự đặc biệt, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -c $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-d file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là một thư mục, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -d $file ] là không đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-f file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là file thường như trái ngược với thư mục hoặc là file đặc biệt, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -f $file ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-g file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có ID nhóm thiết lập (SGID), nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -g $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-k file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có thiết lập sticky bit, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -k $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-p file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là một pipe được đặt tên, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -p $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-t file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu ký hiệu để nhận diện file được mở và liên kết với một terminal, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -t $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-u file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file có SUID, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -u $file ] là sai.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-r file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là đọc được, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -r $file ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-w file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là viết được, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -w $file ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-x file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là chạy được, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -x $file ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-s file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file là chạy được, nếu đúng thì điều kiện là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -s $file ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;-e file&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Kiểm tra nếu file tồn tại, vẫn đúng ngay cả khi file là một thư mục nhưng tồn tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;[ -e $file ] là đúng.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;ads_ads ads_2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử C Shell trong Unix/Linux:&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau đây là đường link miêu tả ngắn gọn về các toán tử C Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_5_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/cac-toan-tu-c-shell-156615&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Các toán tử C Shell&quot;&gt;Các toán tử C Shell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các toán tử Korn Shell trong Unix/Linux:&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau đây là đường link miêu tả ngắn gọn về các toán tử Korn Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/toan-tu-korn-shell-156617&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Các toán tử Korn Shell&quot;&gt;Các toán tử Korn Shell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/637144518767162496/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-toan-tu-shell-co-ban.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/637144518767162496'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/637144518767162496'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-toan-tu-shell-co-ban.html' title='Các toán tử Shell cơ bản'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-6914560809235112537</id><published>2021-10-07T09:30:00.007+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:30:53.279+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Sử dụng mảng trong Shell</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Một biến shell là có đủ khả năng để giữ một giá trị đơn. Kiểu này của các biến được gọi là các biến scalar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Shell hỗ trợ các kiểu khác nhau của biến được gọi là một biến mảng mà có thể giữ nhiều giá trị tại cùng một thời điểm. Mảng cung cập một phương thức tạo nhóm một tập hợp các biến. Thay vì tạo một tên mới cho mỗi biến được yêu cầu, bạn có thể sử dụng một biến mảng để lưu tất cả các biến khác.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các quy tắc về tên được bàn luận trong chương Các biến shell sẽ được áp dụng trong khi đặt tên mảng.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Định nghĩa các giá trị mảng trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Điểm khác nhau giữa một biến mảng và một biến scalar có thể được giải thích như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Khi bạn đang cố gắng để biểu diễn tên của các sinh viên khác nhau như một tập hợp của biến. Mỗi biến đơn là một biến scalar như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;2079243249&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;filled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;NAME01&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Zara&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME02&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Qadir&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME03&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Mahnaz&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME04&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Ayan&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME05&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Daisy&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chúng ta sử dụng một mảng đơn để giữ tất cả các tên đã được đề cập ở trên. Sau đây là một phương thức đơn giản cho việc tạo một biến mảng để gán một giá trị cho một trong số chúng. Điều này được diễn tả như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;array_name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;index&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;value&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại đây array_name là tên của mảng, index là chỉ mục của các item trong mảng mà bạn muốn thiết lập và value là giá trị mà bạn muốn thiết lập cho mục đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là ví dụ, các lệnh sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Zara&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Qadir&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Mahnaz&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Ayan&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Daisy&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn đang sử dụng&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;ksh&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;shell thì tại đây cú pháp của mảng là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;set&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;A array_name value1 value2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; valuen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nếu bạn đang sử dụng&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;bash&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;shell thì tại đây cú pháp của mảng là:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;array_name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;=(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;value1 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; valuen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Truy cập vào các giá trị mảng trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sau khi bạn đã thiết lập bất kỳ giá trị mảng nào, bạn có thể truy cập vào nó như sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;unfilled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-table; font: inherit; height: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; visibility: visible; width: 694px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Advertisement&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_2_anchor&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 0px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 694px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;694&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại đây array_name là tên mảng, và index là chỉ mục của các giá trị được truy cập. Dưới đây là ví dụ đơn giản:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Zara&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Qadir&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Mahnaz&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Ayan&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Daisy&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;First Index: &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Second Index: &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;First&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Index&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Index&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Qadir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bạn có thể truy cập vào tất cả các item trong một mảng theo một trong các cách sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre7&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;array_name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[*]}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
 $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;array_name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[@]}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại đây array_name là tên mảng bạn đang quan tâm đến. Dưới đây là ví dụ đơn giản:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre8&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Zara&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Qadir&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Mahnaz&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Ayan&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
NAME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;]=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Daisy&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;First Method:${NAME[*]}&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nó sẽ tạo ra kết quả sau:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre9&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;First&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Method&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Qadir&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mahnaz&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ayan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Daisy&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Method&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Qadir&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mahnaz&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ayan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Daisy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/6914560809235112537/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/su-dung-mang-trong-shell.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/6914560809235112537'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/6914560809235112537'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/su-dung-mang-trong-shell.html' title='Sử dụng mảng trong Shell'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4993658110055742552.post-2813765655635298626</id><published>2021-10-07T09:30:00.003+07:00</published><updated>2021-10-07T09:30:24.702+07:00</updated><title type='text'>Các biến đặc biệt trong Unix/Linux</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Chương hướng dẫn trước đã cảnh báo về sử dụng các ký tự đặc biệt trong tên biến của bạn. Điều này bởi vì những ký tự này được sử dụng trong tên các biến đặc biệt trong Unix. Những biến này được giữ cho các chức năng đặc biệt.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ví dụ, ký tự $ đại diện cho số Process ID, hoặc PID của shell hiện tại.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre0&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$echo $$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lệnh trên sẽ viết Process ID của shell hiện tại:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre1&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;29949&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là bảng liệt kê các biến đặc biệt mà bạn có thể sử dụng trong Shell script:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;src&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px rgb(16, 24, 235); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: 2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; width: 696px; word-break: keep-all;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Biến&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Miêu tả&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$0&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tên file của script hiện tại.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$n&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Những biến này tương ứng với các tham số mà một script được gọi. Tại đây n là số thập phân nguyên dương tương ứng với vị trí của một tham số (tham số đầu tiên là $1, tham số thứ hai là $2…).&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$#&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Số các tham số cung cấp cho một script.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các tham số được trích dẫn kép. Nếu một script nhận hai tham số, $* là tương đương với $1 $2.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$@&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Tất cả các tham số được trích dẫn kép riêng rẽ. Nếu một script nhận 2 tham số,&amp;nbsp;$@&amp;nbsp;là tương đương với $1 $2.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Trạng thái thoát ra của lệnh trước được chạy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$$&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Số tiến trình của shell hiện tại. Đối với Shell script, đây là số Process ID mà chúng đang chạy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding: 4px;&quot;&gt;Số tiến trình của lệnh background trước.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; 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data-google-query-id=&quot;CNCkk8-gt_MCFccjvQodyhULDA&quot; data-load-complete=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;174&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_1&quot; sandbox=&quot;allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; src=&quot;https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-9275417305531302&amp;amp;output=html&amp;amp;h=174&amp;amp;slotname=2079243249&amp;amp;adk=4249125901&amp;amp;adf=3938695733&amp;amp;pi=t.ma~as.2079243249&amp;amp;w=694&amp;amp;fwrn=4&amp;amp;lmt=1633573756&amp;amp;rafmt=11&amp;amp;psa=1&amp;amp;format=694x174&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Fcac-bien-dac-biet-trong-unix-linux-156612&amp;amp;flash=0&amp;amp;wgl=1&amp;amp;adsid=ChEI8JL1igYQwNGEu4_aue73ARJIAPbiMy6Kem4MBU6qMjaOJeVWPYTpvt9bBeulFjh__TQR-AwvitSrIWsiVTqAhc5DTdFp9H6DsU-qEdTxr-h6h-xBx8zgojAY&amp;amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMC4wIiwieDg2IiwiIiwiOTQuMC40NjA2LjYxIixbXSxudWxsLG51bGwsIjY0Il0.&amp;amp;tt_state=W3siaXNzdWVyT3JpZ2luIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9hdHRlc3RhdGlvbi5hbmRyb2lkLmNvbSIsInN0YXRlIjo3fV0.&amp;amp;dt=1633573756362&amp;amp;bpp=13&amp;amp;bdt=1420&amp;amp;idt=2520&amp;amp;shv=r20210929&amp;amp;mjsv=m202109290101&amp;amp;ptt=9&amp;amp;saldr=aa&amp;amp;abxe=1&amp;amp;cookie=ID%3Dcadac36fd1d3fba1-22fd6362e7c500c8%3AT%3D1612251457%3ART%3D1612251457%3AS%3DALNI_MY9sesh7SuncOJoD_ExwVZ8z--H9g&amp;amp;prev_fmts=1048x280%2C336x280%2C336x280%2C0x0&amp;amp;nras=1&amp;amp;correlator=7260102644753&amp;amp;frm=20&amp;amp;pv=1&amp;amp;ga_vid=350472075.1612251456&amp;amp;ga_sid=1633573759&amp;amp;ga_hid=1174123728&amp;amp;ga_fc=0&amp;amp;rplot=4&amp;amp;u_tz=420&amp;amp;u_his=1&amp;amp;u_h=864&amp;amp;u_w=1536&amp;amp;u_ah=824&amp;amp;u_aw=1536&amp;amp;u_cd=24&amp;amp;u_java=0&amp;amp;u_nplug=5&amp;amp;u_nmime=2&amp;amp;adx=237&amp;amp;ady=1421&amp;amp;biw=1519&amp;amp;bih=754&amp;amp;scr_x=0&amp;amp;scr_y=0&amp;amp;eid=31062944%2C21067496&amp;amp;oid=2&amp;amp;psts=AGkb-H_KIdZ666ZbDwl92JsLm1YI5QSSKCSE4UEFr4Fhidr4WGg7NPQ1JRzf3GJ_k1gCqfeMCFD2SIb2E2s%2CAGkb-H8OQvvb84aNNayoLrnsS32Sp1MlwmLIrZKJvmYv1lwjTlbig1CnEztUXO8jU-zG3yrtjSu3pNIYCRpdimoqLg%2CAGkb-H_GzbtzV_zprZw1BKfq01hRyFi2u_TXE4lN_2kWxaHpyWwpF28L72Z6Yd_q3LL3ZvdRs1IJAjk43OiBWchpoA&amp;amp;pvsid=979478726107881&amp;amp;pem=598&amp;amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fquantrimang.com%2Funix-va-linux&amp;amp;eae=0&amp;amp;fc=896&amp;amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1536%2C754&amp;amp;vis=1&amp;amp;rsz=%7C%7CoeEbr%7C&amp;amp;abl=CS&amp;amp;pfx=0&amp;amp;alvm=r20211004&amp;amp;fu=128&amp;amp;bc=31&amp;amp;jar=2021-09-17-02&amp;amp;ifi=2&amp;amp;uci=a!2&amp;amp;btvi=1&amp;amp;fsb=1&amp;amp;xpc=WSKWR9XZmE&amp;amp;p=https%3A//quantrimang.com&amp;amp;dtd=37984&quot; style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 675px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;675&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các tham số dòng lệnh (command-line) trong&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quantrimang.com/unix-va-linux&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #003399; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;&quot; title=&quot;Tìm hiểu Unix và Linux&quot;&gt;Unix/Linux&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các biến dòng lệnh $1, $2, $3,... $9 là các tham số vị trí, với $0 chỉ tới lệnh, chương trình, Shell script hoặc chức năng thực sự và $1, $2, $3,... $9 là các tham số của lệnh đó.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Script dưới đây sử dụng các biến đặc biệt liên quan tới dòng lệnh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre2&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;

echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;File Name: $0&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;First Parameter : $1&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Second Parameter : $2&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Quoted Values: $@&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Quoted Values: $*&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
echo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;str&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #29a329; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&quot;Total Number of Parameters : $#&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Tại đây là một lần chạy mẫu cho script trên:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre3&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;File&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;First&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Parameter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Parameter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Quoted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Values&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Quoted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Values&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Parameters&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Các tham số đặc biệt $* và&amp;nbsp;$@&amp;nbsp;trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Có những tham số đặc biệt mà cho phép truy cập và tất cả các tham số của các dòng lệnh cùng một lúc. Cả $* và&amp;nbsp;$@&amp;nbsp;sẽ hoạt động tương tự trừ khi chúng được bao quanh bởi trích dẫn (&quot;&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;adbox in-article&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(248, 248, 248, 0.41); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 20px auto; padding: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-9275417305531302&quot; data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; data-ad-slot=&quot;4889239415&quot; data-ad-status=&quot;filled&quot; data-adsbygoogle-status=&quot;done&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 675px;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins aria-label=&quot;Advertisement&quot; id=&quot;aswift_2_expand&quot; 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style=&quot;border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; display: block; font: inherit; height: 174px; left: 0px; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 675px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;675&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Cả hai tham số xác định tất cả các tham số của dòng lệnh, nhưng $* nhận toàn bộ danh sách làm tham số với các khoảng cách trống ở giữa và&amp;nbsp;$@&amp;nbsp;nhận toàn bộ danh sách làm tham số và phân biệt chúng thành các tham số riêng rẽ.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chúng ta có thể viết Shell script như dưới để xử lý một số không biết các tham số dòng lệnh với hoặc tham số đặc biệt $* hoặc&amp;nbsp;$@.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre4&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;com&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #809980; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;#!/bin/sh&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; TOKEN &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
   echo $TOKEN
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kwd&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #ad2bee; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Chúng ta chạy mẫu cho script trên:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre5&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Years&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Old&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Years&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Old&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ghi chú&lt;/strong&gt;: Tại đây&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;do...done&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;là một dạng của loop mà chúng ta sẽ bàn luận trong chương hướng dẫn sau.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 34px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trạng thái thoát (Exit) trong Unix/Linux&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Biến $? đại diện cho trạng thái thoát của lệnh trước.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Trạng thái thoát là một giá trị số trả về bởi mỗi lệnh khi nó hoàn tất. Theo quy định, hầu hết các lệnh trả về một trạng thái thoát là 0 nếu chúng thực hiện thành công và 1 nếu chúng không thành công.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Một vài lệnh trả về các trạng thái thoát với phần thêm vào khác vì các lý do riêng. Ví dụ, một số lệnh phân biệt giữa các loại lỗi và sẽ trả về các giá trị thoát đa dạng phụ thuộc vào kiểu của lỗi.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 10px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dưới đây là các ví dụ về lệnh thực hiện thành công:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;codebar&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;btn-copy&quot; data-clipboard-target=&quot;#pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.87); border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: grey; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 9;&quot; title=&quot;Nhấn để sao chép&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;prettyprint prettyprinted&quot; id=&quot;pre6&quot; style=&quot;background: rgb(244, 251, 244); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Menlo, &amp;quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&amp;quot;, Monaco, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; max-height: 600px; max-width: 100%; overflow: auto; padding: 8px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;File&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Name&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;./&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;sh
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;First&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Parameter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Second&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Parameter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Quoted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Values&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Quoted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Values&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Zara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Ali&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Number&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;typ&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #3d62f5; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;Parameters&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$echo $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pun&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;?&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;lit&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #87711d; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pln&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #131513; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/feeds/2813765655635298626/comments/default' title='Đăng Nhận xét'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-bien-ac-biet-trong-unixlinux.html#comment-form' title='0 Nhận xét'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2813765655635298626'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/4993658110055742552/posts/default/2813765655635298626'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://camnangmobile.blogspot.com/2021/10/cac-bien-ac-biet-trong-unixlinux.html' title='Các biến đặc biệt trong Unix/Linux'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>