CONSTRUCTION MACHINE

2020-05-09T01:39:00.004+05:45

TOTAL STATION – TOPOCON | SOKKIA | FOCUS | NIKON | LEICA

What is total station?

The total station is an electronic device used in surveying of Land for the purpose of construction of building, bridge, hydroelectric project and development of other infrastructure .it is advance version of theodolite and electronic theodolite. it can measure distance between two points in few click with the feature of EDM ( Electronic DistanceMeter) . it has Data collection ,Data storage ,microprocessor , display and data transfer system .

TOTAL STATION

The General part total station.

Some of the total station required prism (reflector) which reflating value is entered in the total station system but some of the advance total station has ability to reflect through different materials like steel, glass, wood and water. Similarly they required many supporting items like tripod stand, prism stand, and prism pole.

There are many types of prism ( reflector )

1. single prism system: The prism having only one prism system is know as single prism system

2. Third prism System : The prism having three prism set which as better accuracy for long distance measurement .

TRIPOD is mage of metal as well as wood and very essential for the use of total station .

TRIPOD

single prism with prism rod and prism stand

The temporary adjustment or Setup of Total station :

Step 1 Tripod Stand Adjustment

Tripod legs should be equally spaced and head of stand is approximately leveling and centering over survey point is done.

Step 2 Mount Instrument on Tripod

Place Instrument on stand, secure with centering screw while bracing the instrument with the other hand.

Step 3 Focus on Survey Point

Focus the optical Plummet on the Survey Point on the survey point.

Step 4 Leveling the Instrument

Adjust the Leveling Foot Screws to Center the Survey Point in the Optical Plummet Reticent and Center the Bubble in the Circular level by adjusting the tripod legs. Then loosen the horizontal clamp and turn instrument until plate level is parallel to two of the leveling foot screws .center the bubble using the leveling screws the bubble moves toward the screw that is turned clockwise .rotate the instrument 90 degrees and level using the third leveling screw.

Step 5 electronically verify leveling:

Turn on the instrument by pressing “on” button .the opening screen will be the “means” screen. Select the [tilt] function, adjust center the electronic Bubble then rotate the instrument 90 degrees and repeat.

Step 6 Adjust image and reticent Focus

Point telescope to target and adjust the focus ring until target is focused and move your head from side to side to test for image shift (parallax). Repeat the reticent

focus step if parallax is significant.

Advantage of Total Station:

Quick setting of the instrument and direct results can be obtain without any calculation .
on-boars area computation programmer to computer the area of the field.
Full GIS creation ( using software ) .
Multiple survey can be Performed at one set-up Location .
Easy to perform Distance and Horizontal Measurements with Simultaneously Calculation of project coordinate.( Northing , Easting and Elevation ).
Digital Design data Form CAD programs can be upload to Data Collector.
Daily survey Information Can also be quickly download into cad which eliminate data manipulation time required conventional survey techniques.

Disadvantage of total station :

The instrument is costly and conducting surveys using total station,skilled person Required .
It may be difficult for the surveyor to took over and check while surveying .
There is no any hard copy of data in the case of instrument is damage.
Minor mistake can effect whole data for example we Enter prism constant +30 in the case of -30 then all the recorded data has change.

2020-05-06T14:05:00.002+05:45

LAGER LEVELING MACHINE

As a civil engineer I am searching auto level alternative from very long time and and a finding many instrument one of which I fond Johnson Level & Tool 99-006K Self Leveling Rotary Laser System which has all the ability of auto level in the advance and fast way to perfume such task . the instrument set includes self-leveling rotary laser system includes a soft carrying case (laser only), a 13’ grade rod (we called staff ), LED one sided detector, grade tripod, freestanding target, a drop-ceiling bracket, and laser glasses.

Instrument Included :

1. Self-leveling rotary laser level

2. Ceilling mount

3. Grade rod

4. Detector w/batteries clamp

5. Glasses

6. Magnetic target

7. Elevating tripod

8. Case

Features and Functions

• Magnetic dampening compensation system.

• If laser is out of its self-leveling range, rotation stops and alarm sounds.

• Projects a horizontal laser plane.

• Projects a vertical laser plane with 90° split beam reference.

• Laser rotation speed is 200, 400, 600 RPM. Water and dust resistant

Technical Specifications

Laser Wavelength	635nm±10nm
Laser Classification	Class IIIa
Maximum Power Output	≤5mW
Accuracy	±1/8"/50 ft. (±2mm/10m)
Interior Range	Up to 200 ft (60m) diameter depending upon light conditions
Exterior Range	Up to 800 ft (240 m) diameter with detector
Self-Leveling Range	±3°
Power Supply	4 “AA” alkaline batteries (included)
Battery Life	Approx. battery life 24 hours continuous use
Dimensions	5” x 6 1/2” x 6 1/2” (126x170x168mm)
Weight	3.3 lbs (1.5 Kg)
Working Temperature	14°F to 113°F (-10°C to +45°C)
Center screw thread	5/8" – 11
Rotation Speed	200 rpm, 400 rpm, 600 rpm
IP protection class	54

Uses in construction

1. It can be able to transfer level by a single man without any calculation.

2. It can show a level all sides of a room by using 360 degree lager light.

3. It is very helpful in the riveting and bolting of large objects it’s shows .

4. There are indoor as well as outdoor settings in which helps the lager light to perfume better job and visibility in the presence of sun light.

5. It’s very fast form contour point by a single man.

6. Floor , roof, celling finishing work also makes very easy.

7. While farming irrigation canal is very important and it’s slope maintaining is quite difficult so this instrument is very useful.

Price of this instrument varies according to available stores and model but its' range is $300 to $400 .

MODERN DISTANCE MEASURING TOOL LDM

2020-05-04T12:04:00.001+05:45

MODERN DISTANCE MEASURING TOOL

LASER DISTANCE MEASURE (LDM) is a measuring tool invented for the demand for measuring distance between two points without reaching at both point . This instrument main Features is to provide fast result to site by clicking a single Button. there are various company which are manufacturing such instrument with different integrated features such as Bluetooth , data recording as well as data printing , centering , leveling features .

LDM is a tool which accuracy varies from 1- 5 mm or 0.004 to 0.05 inch depended upon the company which is manufacturing and how much manufacturing cost investing on it .there are different fields many of them required high and low preseason according to their work .this instrument can measure from 0.003 to 100m distance at a time and it can be operated in -10 to 50 degree temperature. no doubt It is new generation modern distance measuring tool . there is also total station , theodolite and other distal instrument but they have large set and make large time for instant purpose this LDM is best .

LDM is use in many field for the purpose of measuring length . construction field is most used field where engineers are make check of work by fast method, firefighting safety fast rescue work carried , power cable installing for the large transmission line project , spot industry to carry different sport game ,indoor fixture for the managing of furniture , Floor tile fixing , Truck height measuring while entering in tunnel many more places.

Price Range of LDM depend upon manufacturing companies and their brand which generally varies from $10 to $100 but mostly use brand and facilities LDS available at $40 .