Daily Economic Problems

CAUSES OF CURRENT SITUATION OF PALESTINE (MISTAKES ON BEHALF OF PALESTINIANS)

2024-03-01T00:38:00.007+05:00

CAUSES OF CURRENT SITUATION OF PALESTINE

(MISTAKES ON BEHALF OF PALESTINIANS)

Historical Background:

The Israel Palestine issue didn’t start in 1948 after the independence of Israel and Palestine. It started with the migration of Jews from Europe to sacred land of Palestine. But as we are analyzing the mistakes on the behalf of Palestinians which caused the situation to worsen to the current state. In 1917, during WW1 Ottomans ruled the Palestine and British ruled the Egypt. It was such a situation that Ottoman Empire was towards its decline, British Empire was at its peak and expanding territories on route to become the largest empire the mankind has ever seen, Arabs under the leadership of Sherif of Mekkah were planning to revolt against the Ottoman empire and build a large country solely comprising of all Arab territories comprising of present day Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, Palestine, Syria and Iraq.

Arab Revolt:

The Ottomans thwarted the British on their first offensive in 1917. Then they compelled the Arabs to revolt under the command of Sherif of Mekkah by luring them of a free Arab state comprising of all the Arab territories. Arabs including Palestinians revolted against the Ottomans Empire. They blew the track of train that carried the military equipment from Damascus to Jerusalem during the days of war. Due to lack of armaments and Arabs fighting with British army against them, Ottomans lost the second offensive of British and in fact lost the control of whole of Palestine. In modern history, this was the first mistake of Palestinians.

UN Partition Plan:

In 1947, UN presented a plan for the partition of land of Palestine. According to this plan 42% of total land was given to Palestine and 56% was handed over to Israel while 2% was declared as International zone consisting of Jerusalem, Bethlehem and surrounding territories. Israel started to work on its militarization and making herself strong as soon as they got independence because they were the sole guarantor of independence of Jews. While on the other hand Palestinians were busy in their gatherings enjoying music and wine. They sold their lands to Jews for bids more than the real price of land.

First Arab Israel war 1948:

As Israel had made herself very strong while Palestine was like a new born baby. Arabs faced heavy blows during wars. The damage faced by Arabs was many times of what Israel faced. After the war, Israel faced 78% of the total land. West Bank went under control of Jordan that’s why Residents of West Bank still have Jordanian passport and Egypt took control of the Gaza strip left after war. This all happened due to the leniency given to Israel by Palestine and doing nothing for their defense with absolute no militarization.

Second Arab Israel war 1967:

In 2^nd Arab Israel war, there was no role of Palestine as Palestine didn’t has anything to her name and was partially controlled by Egypt and partially controlled by Jordan and partially occupied by Israel. So, after this war Israel held control of whole West bank, Gaza, Golan heights of Syria, Sinai dessert of Egypt.

3^RD Arab Israel War:

In Yom Kippur War, there was again no role of Palestine.

Oslo Accords:

In 1993 and 1997, Israel and PLO signed a pair of accords mediated by Oslo. According to these accords, West Bank will be divided into 3 types of areas.

Area A: 18% of West Bank, Will be controlled by Palestinian Authorities

Area B: 21% of West Bank, Will be administered by joint control of both Israel and PLO

Area C: 61% of West Bank, Will be controlled by Israel

Most of Palestinian population and military groups opposed it but it was signed to get PLO accepted as the sole ruler of Palestinian territories in West Bank and Gaza Strip. President Yasser Arafat got Noble Prize after signing these Accords. So, it is clear that PLO and Yasser Arafat destroyed the future of next generation of Palestinians just to get Noble Prize and so called power. This was the greatest mistake of Palestinian Authorities by handing over your territories to your enemies yourself. This was the greatest blunder committed by Palestinian Authorities.

2007 Gaza Civil War:

In 2007, there was a civil war in Gaza between Hamas and Fatah after withdrawal of Israel and post presidential election leaving hundreds dead and thousands injured. After Israeli withdrawal, they should have worked unitedly for Palestinian independence but they chose civil war. This was also a blunder.

So, these are some mistakes on Palestinian behalf for their current situation but I hope they won’t do such big blunders in future and achieve their freedom with Unity. May Allah help them in the process.

Conclusion:

In every conflict, the oppressed side is not blame free. In the historical context, they have many mistakes to their name and same is the case with Palestinians. History had given them chances repeatedly but instead of learning from past mistakes and making wise decisions, they chose to repeat those mistakes again and again. Despite all this, the oppression against them by apartheid state is not justified in any case. The aim of this article was just to get the insight of the issue and not to justify the Israeli aggression against them.

Author
Muhammad Atta Annus

حماس اور اسرائیل کی جنگ میں شدت اگئی

2023-10-10T14:41:00.001+05:00

حماس اور اسرائیل کی جنگ میں شدت اگئی ہے اسرائیلی وزیراعظم نتن یاہو کو وار روم ہیڈ کوارٹر میں خود جانا پڑ کیونکہ فلسطین نے اس قدر شدید قاری ضرب لگائی ہے اب اسرائیل اس سے نمٹنے کے لیے بھرپور پلاننگ کر رہا ہے اج لبنان نے بھی اس جنگ میں انٹری لے لی ہے اور بہت سارے مزائل جو ہیں وہ اسرائیل پر داغ دیے ہیں جس سے اسرائیل کی فوجی چوکیوں اور فوجی تنصیبات کو بہت نقصان پہنچا ہے اس کا جواب دینے کے لیے اسرائیل نے اپنے ٹینکوں کی بہت بڑی تعداد لبنان کی طرف روانہ کر دی ہے تاکہ وہ لبنان کو بدلہ چکا سکے جبکہ دوسری طرف حزب اللہ نے بھی جنگ میں کودنے کا اعلان کر دیا ہے اور بھرپور طریقے سے اسرائیلی تنصیبات کو نشانہ بنایا جا رہا ہے لگتا یہ ہے کہ یہ جنگ اس دفعہ اپنے منطقی انجام کو ضرور پہنچے گی اور فلسطین انشاءاللہ ازاد ہوگا

war between Hamas and Israel has intensified

2023-10-10T14:33:00.003+05:00

The war between Hamas and Israel has intensified. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu had to go to the war room headquarters himself because Palestine has struck such a heavy blow. Now Israel is planning to deal with it.lebnan has also entered this war and many missiles have been fired at Israel, which has caused a lot of damage to Israeli military posts and military installations.

On the other hand, Hezbollah has also announced to jump into the war and is actively targeting the Israeli cynicism. The end will surely come and Palestine will be free, God willing

فلسطین اور اسرائیل کی جنگ

2023-10-09T18:00:00.002+05:00

اج فلسطین اور اسرائیل کی جنگ کو تیسرا دن ہے اسرائیل میں صف ماتم بچھی ہوئی ہے ہر طرف لاشیں ہی لاشیں ہیں پورا ڈھانچہ اسرائیل کا تباہ ہو چکا ہے تقریبا سات شہروں میں گھمسان کی لڑائی ہو رہی ہے جس میں حماس کے نوجوان گلی گلی میں ان کا صفایہ کر رہے ہیں دنیا کے ترقی یافتہ ممالک بالخصوص عیسائی ریاستیں اسرائیل کے ساتھ بھرپور تعاون کر رہے ہیں اور مزید تعاون کے لیے اعلان کر رہی ہیں جبکہ دوسری طرف فلسطین اور حماس کی حمایت میں اسلامی ممالک h نے واضح طور پر یہ کہا ہے کہ قدس کی ازادی تک ہم فلسطینیوں کا ساتھ دیں گے

یہاں تک کہ ایرانی صدر نے حزب المجاہدین حماس اور جہاد اسلامی جیسی تنظیموں کے سربراہان سے ٹیلی فون پر خود بات کی ہے اور ان کو مبارکباد بھی دی ہے ان کا حوصلہ بھی بڑھایا ہے اور ان کو اخری دم تک جنگ کو منطقی انجام تک پہنچانے کے لیے ساتھ لینے کا وعدہ کیا اس کے ساتھ ساتھ عراق کویت اردن سعودی عرب نے بھی فلسطین کی جدوجہد میں بھرپور ساتھ دینے کا ارادہ کیا ہے پاکستان ترکی اور کچھ دوسرے اسلامی ممالک ملائشیا انڈونیشیا نے محتاط طریقے کے ساتھ فلسطین کا ساتھ دینے کے عزم کا ارادہ کیا ہے اگر اپ یوں سمجھیں کہ یہ جنگ اب اسلام اور کفر کی جنگ بن چکی ہے اور یہ بہت ساری مظلوم قوموں کے لیے مثل راہ بھی ہے کہ اگر ظلم حد سے بڑھ جائے تو قوموں کا حوصلہ بڑی سے بڑی طاقت کو بھی شکست فاش دے سکتے ہیں میں سمجھتا ہوں کہ حماس کی جدوجہد کشمیری مسلمانوں کے لیے اور برما کے مسلمانوں کے لیے ایک راستہ ہے جس پر چل کر وہ اپنی ازادی حاصل کر سکتے ہیں پورا عالم اسلام فلسطین کے ساتھ ہے اور یہ جنگ فلسطین ضرور جیتے گاانشاءاللہ

Hamas Attack on Israel | War Israel and Hamas

2023-10-09T16:49:00.007+05:00

Today is the third day of the war between Palestine and Israel. Today is the third day of the war between Palestine and Israel. There is mourning in Israel. There are dead bodies everywhere. The whole stru'cture of Israel has been destroyed. There is a battle of violence in about seven cities, in which Hamas youths are fighting in the streets. are wiping out the world's definitively won countries, especially the Christian states, are fully cooperating with Israel and are announcing for more cooperation, while on the other hand, the Islamic countries in support of Palestine and Hamas, including Iran.

Which clearly It has been said that we will support the Palestinians until the liberation of Al-Quds. Even the Iranian president has personally spoken to the heads of organizations such as Hizbul Mujahideen, Hamas and Islamic Jihad on the phone and congratulated them for their courage. has also increased and promised to take them with them to bring the war to a logical end. Along with this, Iraq, Kuwait, Jordan, Saudi Arabia also intends to fully support the struggle of Palestine, Pakistan, Turkey and some other Islamic countries.

The countries of Malaysia and Indonesia have decided to support Palestine cautiously if you consider that this war has now become a war of Islam and disbelief and it is also a similar path for many oppressed nations. If the courage of the nations can defeat even the biggest power, I think that the struggle of Hamas is a path for the Muslims of Kashmir and for the Muslims of Burma, on which they can achieve their freedom. The world of Islam is with Palestine and this war will be won by Palestine Monday. There is mourning in Israel. There are dead bodies everywhere. The whole structure of Israel has been destroyed. There is a battle of violence in about seven cities, in which Hamas youths are fighting in the streets. are wiping out the world's definitively won countries, especially the Christian states, are fully cooperating with Israel and are announcing more cooperation.

On the other hand, the Islamic countries in support of Palestine and Hamas, including Iran, which clearly has been said that we will support the Palestinians until the liberation of Al-Quds. Even the Iranian president has personally spoken to the heads of organizations such as Hizbul Mujahideen, Hamas,and Islamic Jihad on the phone and congratulated them for their courage. has also increased and promised to take them with them to bring the war to a logical end. Along with this, Iraq, Kuwait, Jordan, Saudi Arabia also intend to fully support the struggle of Palestine, Pakistan, Turkey, and some other Islamic countries. The countries of Malaysia and Indonesia have decided to support Palestine cautiously if you consider that this war has now become a war of Islam and disbelief and it is also a similar path for many oppressed nations. If the courage of the nations can defeat even the biggest power, I think that the struggle of Hamas is a path for the Muslims of Kashmir and for the Muslims of Burma, on which they can achieve their freedom. The world of Islam is with Palestine and this war will be won by Palestine on Monday

5000 Rupees Note Banned in Pakistan ? Asim Munir in action | dollar rate down

2023-10-09T00:00:00.000+05:00

5000 Rupees Note Banned in Pakistan ? Asim Munir in action | dollar rate down

There are four reasons why the 5000 rupee note should be banned in Pakistan.

Number one is that in developed countries like the US, there is no currency note larger than $100, which is an argument that the size of the currency for a strong economy. It should be appropriate in terms of its value.

Number two, if five thousand rupees currency notes are
banned from Pakistan, the departmental and political people who collect bribes will also be discouraged because such large sums of money can not be exchanged for small notes. They requires a lot of effort to collect or keep in a safe place.

Number three, if the large currency note 5000 note is banned, two-way smuggling can also decrease as smugglers can use the small money.

Number four will be the end of the documentless economy because it is easy to physically move a 5000 note while hiding it and if the notes are up to 500 or 1000 then crores of rupees. Black money becomes very difficult to hide and move, so the money has to be moved through banks, and since banks are there, wealth cannot be deposited because proof is also required.

So if the government were to abolish the 5000 rupee note, it would have a very positive impact on the economy. This black money is converted into dollars and then the dollars are used for smuggling. All the black money that exists has a negative impact on the economy unless this black money can be converted into the productive sectors of the country through legislation.

پاکستان میں 5000 روپے کے نوٹ پر پابندی؟ عاصم منیر ایکشن میں | ڈالر کی شرح میں کمی

2023-10-08T00:00:00.000+05:00

پاکستان میں 5000 روپے کے نوٹ پر پابندی؟ عاصم منیر ایکشن میں | ڈالر کی شرح میں کمی

پاکستان میں 5 ہزار روپے کے کرنسی نوٹ کو بین کر دینا چاہیے اس کی چار وجوہات ہیں نمبر ون کہ امریکہ جیسے ترقی یافتہ ممالک میں 100 ڈالر سے بڑا کرنسی نوٹ موجود نہیں ہے جو اس بات کی دلیل ہے کہ مضبوط معیشت کے لیے کرنسی کا سائز اس کی مالیت کے لحاظ سے مناسب ہونا چاہیے .

نمبر 2.اگر پانچ ہزار روپے کا کرنسی نوٹ پاکستان سے بین کر دیا جائے تو محکمہ جاتی اور جو سیاسی لوگ رشوت جمع کرتے ہیں ان کی بھی حوصلہ شکنی ہوگی کیونکہ اتنی بڑی رقوم کو وہ چھوٹے نوٹوں کی شکل میں جمع کرنے کے لیے یا محفوظ جگہ پر رکھنے کے لیے بہت زیادہ محنت کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے.

نمبر 3. اگر بڑے کرنسی نوٹ 5 پانچ ہزار کا نوٹ بین کر دیا جائے تو دو طرفہ سمگلنگ میں بھی کمی ہو سکتی ہے کیونکہ سمگلرز کو رقم کو منتقل کرنے کے لیے بہت سارے مسائل درکار ہوں گے.

نمبر 4. غیر دستویزی معیشت کا خاتمہ ہوگا کیونکہ پانچ ہزار کا نوٹ فزیکلی منتقل کرنا اسان ہے اور اس کو چھپانا بھی اسان ہے اور اگر نوٹ زیادہ سے زیادہ 500 یا ہزار تک ہوں گے تو کروڑوں روپے کی جو بلیک منی ہے اس کو چھپانا اور منتقل کرنا بہت مشکل ہو جاتا ہے .لہذا اس رقم کو بینکوں کے ذریعے ہی منتقل کرنا پڑے گا اور چونکہ بینک میں دولت کا ارتقاص نہیں کیا جا سکتا کیونکہ وہاں اس کا ثبوت بھی درکار ہوتا ہے لہذا اگر گورنمنٹ پانچ ہزار روپے کا نوٹ ختم کرتی یے تو اس کے معیشت پر بہت ہی مثبت اثرات پیدا ہوں گے یہ بلیک منی جو ڈالر میں کنورٹ ہوتی ہے اور پھر ڈالر کو جو ہے وہ سمگلنگ کرنے کے لیے استعمال کیا جاتا ہے. اسی طرح ساری بلیک منی معیشت پر منفی اثرات ڈالتی ہے سوائے اس کے جو بلیک منی کو ملک کے پیداواری شعبوں میں قانون سازی کے ذریعے کنورٹ کیا جا سکے.

Discover the Shocking Reality of Pakistan's Economy: Is IMF a Trap?

2023-10-07T00:00:00.001+05:00

Discover the Shocking Reality of Pakistan's Economy: Is IMF a Trap?

ائی ایم ایف انٹرنیشنل مونیٹری فنڈ یہ ایک انٹرنیشنل ادارہ ہے جو یو این او کے انڈر کام کرتا ہے جبکہ عملی طور پر اس پر امریکہ کا بھرپور قبضہ ہے یہ ادارہ غریب ممالک کی کی ادائیگیوں کے توازن میں بہتری لانے کے لیے قرضہ جاری کرتا ہے لیکن ایسی شرائط ساتھ لاگو کر دیتا ہے کہ وہ ملک جو قرضہ لینا چاہتا ہے اس کی معاشی ترقی رک جاتی ہے وہاں مہنگائی کا طوفان اتا ہے. بے روزگاری پھیل جاتی ہے جی ڈی پی کم ہو جاتی ہے اور ملک پہلے سے بھی زیادہ بدحالی کا شکار ہو جاتا ہے اس کی وجہ یہ ہے کہ جس ملک کو بھی یہ قرضہ دیتا ہے سب سے پہلی شرط انرجی پرائسز کو بڑھانے کی لگاتا ہے کہ انرجی کی قیمتیں بڑھائی جائیں اس کا نقصان یہ ہوتا ہے کہ تمام انڈسٹری چونکہ انرجی پر ہی چل رہی ہوتی ہے تو ان کی کاسٹ اف پروڈکشن, پیداواری اخراجات بڑھ جاتے ہیں جس سے ملک میں مہنگائی کا طوفان اتا ہے اور بیرون ملک برامدات مزید کم ہو جاتی ہے جس سے ادائیگیوں کا توازن پہلے سے بھی زیادہ بگڑ جاتا ہے اور ملک ڈیفالٹ کر جاتا ہے اج تک وہی ممالک کامیاب ہوئے ہیں جنہوں نے ترقی کے لئے ائی ایم ایف کو ہمیشہ کے لیے ہے حیرباد کہہ دیاہے. ان میں ملائشیا اور ترکی کی ہم مثال دے سکتے ہیں اگر پاکستان ترقی چاہتا ہے تو اس کو بھی ائی ایم ایف سے چھٹکارا حاصل کرنا ہوگا اور پاکستان جیسے ملک میں تو اس کی مداخلت اتنی بڑھ جاتی ہے کہ یہ سٹیٹ بینک کو ہی اپنے قبضے میں لے لیتا ہے اور پاکستان کی کرنسی کو بالکل مارکیٹ کے رحم و کرم پہ چھوڑ کر تباہی کے دہانے پر لا کے کھڑا کر دیا ہے اس لیے اج بھی وقت ہے کہ ائی ایم ایف سے جان چھڑا لی جائے اور اپنے ملک کو بچانے کے لیے وہ پالیسیز بنائی جائیں جو ہمارے اپنے حالات و واقعات سے مطابقت رکھتی ہے.

Is IMF a Trap? Unveiling the Truth About Pakistan's Economy | #TameerHussain

2023-10-06T00:00:00.004+05:00

Is IMF a Trap? Unveiling the Truth About Pakistan's Economy | #TameerHussain

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that works under the UNO, but is practically controlled by the United States. It applies such conditions that the economic development of the country that wants to take a loan from it stops, there is a storm of inflation, unemployment spreads, GDP decreases and the country is default. The reason for this is that the first condition for the country to which it lends is to increase the energy prices. But if their cast of production continues, production costs increase, which causes a storm of inflation in the country and exports further decrease, which worsens the balance of payments even more and the country collapses.

It means it defaults. So far, the some countries have succeeded and developed, which have discontinued lending from IMF forever. We can give examples of Malaysia and Turkey if Pakistan wants to develop. So it also has to get rid of the IMF and in a country like Pakistan, its intervention increases so much that it takes over the State Bank and leaves the currency of Pakistan at the mercy of the market. It has brought the country to the brink of disaster. It is high time to get rid of the IMF and create policies that are compatible with our own circumstances to save our country.

Can Saudi Arabia save Pakistan from default by investing 25 billion dollars in Pakistan, URDU VERSION

2023-10-05T00:00:00.000+05:00

Can Saudi Arabia save Pakistan from default by investing 25 billion dollars in Pakistan,

کیا سعودی عرب پاکستان میں 25 ارب ڈالر کی سرمایہ کاری کے ذریعے پاکستان کو ڈیفالٹ کرنے سے بچا سکتا ہے اس کے لیے ہمیں اس کا گہرا تجزیہ کرنے کی ضرورت ہے اگر یہ 25 ارب ڈالر روایتی انڈسٹری میں انویسٹ کیے گے. یعنی جو امپورٹ کے متبادل ہیں ان کو پیدا کیا گیا تو پھر تو اس کا فائدہ ہو سکتا ہے اور اگر یہ انویسٹمنٹ ایسے شعبوں میں کی گئی جو سہولیات یا لگزری ائٹمز کے طور پر استعمال ہوتی ہیں تو پھر اس کا نقصان بھی ہو سکتا ہے مثلا اگر یہ سرمایہ کاری کاریں بنانے کے لیے استعمال ہوتی ہے یا ایئر کنڈیشنز کے لیے استعمال ہوتی ہے یا اور جو فرنیچر یا لگزری ائٹمز ہیں ان پر استعمال ہوتی ہے تو اس کا ملک کو کوئی فائدہ نہیں ہوگا بلکہ الٹا نقصان ہوگا کہ یہ پاکستان سے جو پرافٹ کمائیں گے اس 25 ارب ڈالر کے بدلے میں وہ سارے کا سارا پرافٹ فارن ایکسچینج کی شکل میں یا ڈالرز کی شکل میں اپنے ملک کو واپس لے جائیں گے .جس سے پاکستان کو اور بھی زیادہ معاشی مسائل کا سامنا کرنا پڑے گا جبکہ اگر یہی سرمایہ کاری ان صنعتوں میں کی جائے جو چیزیں ہم باہر سے امپورٹ کرتے ہیں تو اس سے ہماری امپورٹس کا بل کم ہو سکتا ہے اور ہمارا جو پاکستان کا ٹریڈ deficit ہے وہ بھی کم ہو جائے گا اور ملک ترقی کر سکتا ہے اس کی مثال میں ایسے دے سکتا ہوں کہ موبائل کمپنیز جو پاکستان میں ائیں جیسے وارد ,زونگ اور ٹیلی نار وغیرہ تو ان کمپنیوں نے پاکستان میں تقریبا ایک ارب ڈالر ہر کسی نے سرمایہ کاری کی جبکہ وہ اج تک کئی ارب ڈالر پرافٹ کی شکل میں یہاں سے اپنے ملک لے گئے ہیں جس کا پاکستان کو فائدہ تو کوئی نہ ہوا جبکہ نقصان بہت زیادہ ہوا لہذا پاکستان کی گورنمنٹ کو چاہیے کہ جو سرمایہ کاری سرکاری سطح پر ائے وہ امپورٹ substitution پر ہو اور basic ضروریات پر ہو اور جو سرمایہ کاری لوگ ذاتی حیثیت میں کریں اس کے لیے کوئی پابندی نہ لگائی جائے وہ جس مرضی سیکٹر میں کریں تو سرکاری سرمایہ کاری مخصوص سیکٹرز میں ہونی چاہیے جس سے ہمارا زر مبادلہ کے ذخائر بھی محفوظ رہیں اور ہمیں مزید درامدات جو ہیں ا نہ کرنی پڑے

پاکستان کو چاہیے کہ وہ سعودی عرب کو اپنے وہ سیکٹرز پیش کرے جہاں پر پاکستان کی اکانومی کو انویسٹمنٹ کی ضرورت ہے کیونکہ اس سے ایک طرف تو ٹائم کی بچت ہوگی جبکہ دوسری طرف بیرونی سرمایہ کاری با مقصد اور ضرورت کے مطابق خرچ ہوگی جس سے پاکستان کو معاشی مسائل کی دلدل سے نکالنے کے لیے مدد ملے گی

"Pakistan Economic Crisis: How SAUDI saved PAKISTAN from a collapse | $25 Billion. G20 Summit

2023-10-04T00:00:00.000+05:00

Can Saudi Arabia save Pakistan from default by investing 25 billion dollars in Pakistan,

we need to analyze it deeply if this 25 billion dollars is invested in traditional industry and they understand that the whole product If it is produced for domestic use and which are import substitutions, then it can gain and if the investment is made in sectors that are used as amenities or luxury items, then it can also be a loss. For example, if this investment is used to make cars or used for air-conditioners or used for furniture or luxury items, then it will not be beneficial to the country, but on the contrary it will be a loss.

Instead of the 25 billion dollars they will earn from Pakistan, they will take all the profits back to their country in the form of foreign exchange or in the form of dollars, which will cause Pakistan to face even more economic problems. If the same investment is made in these things that we import from outside, it can reduce our import bill, our trade deficit of Pakistan will also reduce, and the country can develop. I can give an example that the mobile companies that came to Pakistan such as Warid, Zong and Telenor etc., these companies invested about one billion dollars each in Pakistan, while they have made several billion dollars in the form of profit from here.

They have taken the country, which did not benefit Pakistan, while the loss was very high, so the government of Pakistan should ensure that the investment made at the official level should be on import substitution and on basic needs and the investment made by the people in a personal capacity. Do not impose any restrictions in any sector, then any government investment should be in a specific sector so that our foreign exchange reserves are also protected and we do not have to make more imports.

Pakistan should offer those sectors to Saudi Arabia where Pakistan's economy needs investment because it will save time on the one hand and on the other hand foreign investment will be spent purposefully and according to the need, which will help Pakistan. will get help to get out of the quagmire of economic problems

Contrary Theories of Money Supply (Part 3)

2023-10-03T12:00:00.001+05:00

Author: Nasir Mehmood Ch مصنف: ناصرمحمود چوہدری

Email: Nasirmehmoodch97@gmail.com

The Use of Money Supply as a Policy Instrument (Part 2)

2023-10-02T12:00:00.001+05:00

Author: Nasir Mehmood Ch مصنف: ناصرمحمود چوہدری

Email: Nasirmehmoodch97@gmail.com

How Tree Planting Transforms Our World

2023-09-21T23:59:00.004+05:00

A Green Revolution Overcome: How Tree Planting Transforms Our World"

موجودہ دور میں موسمیاتی تبدیلیوں سے نمٹنے کے لیے سب سے موثر اور اسان طریقہ یہ ہے کہ پورے ملک میں درختوں کی بہتات کی جائے یعنی زیادہ سے زیادہ درخت لگائے جائیں اس کے لیے ہم ایک ایسا طریقہ بیان کرنے جا رہے ہیں جس میں اخراجات نہ ہونے کے برابر ہیں اور ہر غریب اور امیر ملک اس کو اسانی کے ساتھ اپنا سکتا ہے اس کے لیے ضروری یہ ہے کہ ہر وہ طالب علم جو کسی بھی ڈگری کے لیے کوالیفائی کرتا ہے اس کی کوالیفائی کرنے کے لیے 10 عدد درخت لگانا ضروری قرار دیا جائے ہر شہر میں محکمہ جنگلات ایک یا ایک سے زائد جگہ محسوس کر دے گا جہاں ایک ایڈمنسٹریٹر مقرر کر دیا جائے گا اور ہر بچہ میٹرک انٹر گریجویشن اینڈ پوسٹ گریجویشن کے جو امتحانات دینا چاہتا ہے اس کے لیے لازم ہوگا کہ وہ 10 درخت اس محسوس علاقے میں جا کر لگائے گا ہم فرض کریں کہ کسی ملک میں ایک کروڑ طالب علم ہر سال کوئی نہ کوئی ڈگری پاس کرتے ہیں اور اگر ہم 10 درخت ہی بچے کی اوست لگائے ہیں تو 10 کروڑ درخت سالانہ کی بنیاد پر اگائے جا سکتے ہیں جس میں پھالدار طرح اور وہ درخت جو لکڑی کے کام اتے ہیں ان کو تقسیم کیا جا سکتا ہے اپ اندازہ لگائیں کہ اگر ہر سال 10 کروڑ درخت اگائے جاتے ہیں تو ان سے کتنی لکڑی پانچ سال بعد حاصل ہوگی جس کی مالیت یقینا بلین ڈالر میں ہوگی اسی طرح اگر ان 10 کروڑ درختوں پر جو پھل لگتے ہیں اگر اس کی ویلیویشن کی جائے تو وہ بھی اربوں ڈالر میں بنتی ہے جس کے اثرات پوری معیشت پر اور افرادی قوت پر مثبت ہوں گے قومی امدنی میں اضافہ ہوگا بے روزگاری میں کمی ہوگی اور جو موسمیاتی تبدیلیوں کی وجہ سے کسی ملک کا ٹمپریچر بڑھ رہا ہے اس میں بھی کمی

واقع ہوگی اور ملک قوم اور وہاں رہنے والے لوگ اپنی زندگی کو معمول کے مطابق سرانجام دے سکیں گے

A Green Revolution Overcome: How Tree Planting Transforms Our World

2023-09-21T23:47:00.004+05:00

A Green Revolution Overcome: How Tree Planting Transforms Our World"

The most effective and easiest way to deal with climate change in the present era is to plant more trees in the entire country. every poor and rich country can easily adopt it, it is necessary for every student who qualifies for any degree to plant 10 trees to qualify.

In every city, the Forest Department will identify one or more places where an administrator will be appointed and every child who wants to take the Matriculation Inter-Graduation and Post-Graduation examinations will be required to plant 10 trees. Let's assume that 1 crore students in a country pass some degree every year and if we plant only 10 trees, then 10 crore trees can be grown on an annual basis. In the form of fruit and the trees that are used for timber, they can be divided.

Imagine if 100 million trees are planted every year, how much wood will be obtained from them after five years, which will surely be worth billions of dollars. Similarly, if the fruits that grow on these 100 million trees, if it is valued, it is also made in billions of dollars, which will have a positive impact on the entire economy and the workforce, the national income will increase, unemployment will decrease and The temperature of a country that is increasing due to climate change will also decrease and the country, the people living there will be able to carry out their lives normally.

Relation between population growth and economic development.

2023-09-20T23:51:00.002+05:00

Relation between population growth and economic development.

The great philosophers of the world are convinced of the theory that population is a big obstacle in the way of economic development of a country, while the reality is the opposite, because several hundred years ago when the population was very low, the economic and national production of It was very little, as the population increased.

READ:

https://www.dailyeconomicproblems.com/2023/09/climate-change-can-help-developing.html

The income also increased, apart from this, the standard of living of the people continued to increase and we could not create a single example in the history of several hundred years that the national income decreased due to the increase in population. Or if there has been a decrease in income since the developed countries have reduced it by imposing unnecessary restrictions on their population, then their income has also started to decrease and as time goes by, all the developed countries.

These Countries suffering from labor or manpower shortages and their manpower shortages are stealing their economies by employing labor and professionals from developing countries. If they are allowed to grow, then they are capable of sustainable development. If the developing countries withdraw their support, the economy of all the developed countries will sit down. Therefore, no research has been able to prove that population is an obstacle to national income.

2023-09-20T15:18:00.004+05:00

Climate change can help developing countries in many ways, such as increasing the productivity of agricultural land, in addition to all those lands where crops cannot be grown due to lack of water .we can irrigate trees. Where we cannot cultivate due to scarcity, the growth of trees can be increased due to rains and if we plant fruit tree in these idle areas or on the land lying on both sides of the highways, we can develop the food industry.

On the one hand and on other hand we can increase our exports through food processing plants by increasing the production of fruits in a country, while on the other hand, the health of a nation can also be improved due to the increase in the production of these fruits. If they use more fruits, they can surely avoid many diseases and their life expectancy can be longer or they can live longer. Besides, we can preserve our products from the production of these trees and export them abroad. We can get foreign exchange because of this foreign exchange and because of the increase in domestic production, along with the increase in GDP, there can also be an increase in market value, so the areas which are affected due to climate change. We can also use this as an opportunity where the rains are high.

VIDEO LINK: https://youtu.be/_Qv8R8v5rF8

What is climate change and how does it occur

2023-09-20T15:10:00.002+05:00

What is climate change and how does it occur ,how does it causes climate change or what are it's causes.

When the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases from the sun.They fall on the ground and directly harm humans and crops ,While these rays do not go back, due to which the temperature in the earth and atmosphere increases , due to increase in this temperature, many climatic changes occur. In the same way, it causes extreme floods and droughts, so the nature of its effects varies in different countries. It had started in the 19th century, but since industrial revolution had not yet taken place at that time.

The intensity was low, whereas in the twentieth century and in the 21st century, these environmental changes became more intense, while in poor countries because of the industrial revolution . It started at the end of the 20th century, so here the effects of climate change are relatively small. We can control these environmental changes and climate change in different ways. It can have a positive impact on their economy, we can increase the production of electricity, we can increase the agricultural production.In addition, we can increase the production of the food items and procesd them through the processing plants.

It can also cause a lot of export. If we manage these climate changes in a positive way. we can organize it and through this we can also increase the health of a country. life Expectancy can also be influenced by how a country manages it.

LECTURE 17 LM curve analysis Definition of LM curve

2022-02-20T23:58:00.006+05:00

LECTURE 17

LM curve analysis

Definition of LM curve

LM curve show the different combination of level of national income and rate of interest it is related to the money market. it is related to the monetary policy. generally it is positively sloped, but its slope depends upon the money supply curve in the economy.

Direction of LM curve with the help of money demand and money supply approach.

Figures:

Explanation:

equilibrium in the money market required and equality between the supply of and the demand for money in this diagram we will assume that the money supply is a constant and Ms0 is the money supply curve which is a vertical straight line on x-axis. it is also assume that the supply of money is determined outside the model, that is, it is exogenous. money demand function MD = f (y,i)

Which intersect with money supply function MS0 is i0, level of national income at this rate of interest is y0 point (a) is first point for LM curve when money demand function shift upward or money demand increase. it intersect to Mso at point E1 rate of interest increase i0 + i1. in Part (b) of diagram of at level of rate of interest i1, we get 2^nd point which denoted by B for LM curve .At this point level of national y1 which is greater than y0.

If we joining these point A and B we get LM curve which has positive slope. if MSo money supply function change and it become new money supply curve ms which is less elastic curve but not same as MSo with zero elasticity now MDo money demand curve intersect at point Eo. In part (a) diagram. point E0 is also common point of MS0 and Ms1 one at this point level of national income and rate of interest is also same as previous which are io and yo but money demand curve md1 intersect to Ms1 at point E3 rate of interest determined by this point is i2 which is greater than io but below the I1 level when rate of interest I 2 level of national income. in Part (b) of diagram is y2 we get 2nd point for LM curve which is c. if we joining these points a and c. we get LM1 curve which is more elastic than LM0.

LECTURE 16: Resources of shift in IS curve or what are the reasons of rise and fall in IS curve

2021-11-28T10:19:00.000+05:00

LECTURE 16

Q: Resources of shift in IS curve or what are the reasons of rise and fall in IS curve

Rise and fall in IS curve may be due to change in any component of AD while rate of interest remaining the constant. These reasons can be explain with the help of following diagrams.

There are two possibilities for shifting in IS curve.

· IS curve shift upward

· IS curve shift downward

Resources of change in IS curve.

(1) the IS curve shift right upward due to change in consumption. IS curve may go downward due to lake of consumption.

(2) Due to change in taxis, consumption will be change. if taxis reduce consumption will increase and when consumption increase IS also shift upward. Consumption decrease IS go down ward.

(3) due to change in induced investment. IS maybe shifted upward or downward.

(4) If putting an amount of government expenditure in economy IS may rise or fall. while rate of interest remaining constant.

Figures 16.1

Explanation

in Part (a) of the diagram AS is aggregate supply curve which draw as 45^o line from origin. AD which have three component consumption, investment and government expenditure. AD intersect AS at point E0. if we draw a vertical line on x-axis level of income is y0. in Part (b) i0 rate of interest IS0 is formed with i0 and y0. we draw IS curve with the help of single point B. when we increase our consumption aggregate demand curve shift upward and cut AS curve at point E1, at this level of national income is y1 which is above level of income then y0. we get Part (c) for IS1curve in Part (b). there is an other possibility that if any component of AD is reduced then AD curve fall downward. our income level will be reduce at y2 which is below the y0 level but at same level of rate of interest IS₂ curve shift down ward with negatively sloping. In above discussion we see that if any component of AD is change the level of national income also changed and IS curve maybe shifted upward or downward.

Derivation Equation

Lecture no 15: When investment demand curve is completely elastic in response to the change in rate of interest.

2021-10-16T12:26:00.004+05:00

in other word rate of interest is constant, for any given rate of interest i0, there exist some level of income such that intended investment and savings are equal. This relationship between the rate of interest and level of national income is called the IS function. We explain this with the help of diagram.

figure 15.1

The derivation of curve IS Curve in three sector economy or Keynesian Economics.

In Three sector economy IS curve is negatively sloped and possesses all of the same properties as when government expenditure was ignored. the IS function, which includes government expenditure shows the different combination of i and y. Where the goods market is in equilibrium S+T=I+G. in panel diagram we derive graphically the IS function with government Spending.

Internal Debt As A Development Instrument

2020-06-13T10:59:00.001+05:00

Lecture No 14.A If investment is not change by the change in rate of interest.

2020-05-02T20:27:00.002+05:00

Lecture No 14.A

If investment is not change by the change in rate of interest.

IS Curve become vertical straight line as rate of interest increase investment demand remain same. It is not affected by the rate of interest. In other words investment demand curve is completely inelastic in response to the change in the rate of interest.
We drive completely inelastic curve with classical assumption as below:

An investment demand function is drown in part (a), part (b) shows equilibrium condition of investment and savings. Investment demand function in part (a) is a vertical straight line which shows that various level of rate of interest does not make change in investment curve in depression days. When an economy under depression rate of interest cannot increase the investment and investment is equal to I0 which is constant at different rate of interest level.

In part (b) a straight line is drawn as 45^o from the origin because in equilibrium intended saving and intended investment always equal. Part (c) shows that when magnitude of saving is S0, income will be Y0. This level of income determined by equality of investment and savings. In part(d) shows that with an interest rate i0 and given money supply and price level. The level of national income that insures equality between intended investment and intended saving is y0.

We could pick another interest rate and find equilibrium level of income.

The level of income is not effected because our investment is not in increasing with decreasing rate of interest, investment remaining constant.

In this way, get 2^nd point For IS curve which is E1. We may take 3rd point for IS curve, with the help of another rate of interest i2. At this rate of interest investment remain constant I0. Saving and investment also remain constant at I0 and S0. Level of national income y0 and saving are S0. In part (c), E2 is 3rd point for IS curve. An IS curve is is generated which showing the same level of income that will produce an equality between intended saving and intended investment. At various rate of interest and IS curve is a straight vertical line where level of income is Y0 which is constant.

Lecture No 13. Derivation of IS curve with classical assumption: OR IS curve definition

2020-03-14T22:01:00.000+05:00

Lecture No 13.

Derivation of IS curve with classical assumption: OR

IS curve definition, IS Curve shows different combination of rate of interest and level of national income. This curve is related to the goods market and it is also related to the fiscal policy. The slope of IS curve depends upon that how investment is changed in response to the change in the rate of interest.

Derivation of IS curve:

IS curve can be derived with two different assumptions.

(1) Classical Commission (2) Keynesian Consumption

There are many shapes of IS Curve.

(1)First, we assume that the rate of interest is a variable in the system and IS curve is negatively sloped in this case. The rise in investment spending will raise the level of income, Also force up the rate of interest with given a money supply function. That is not infinitely elastic. Now we derive IS curve with the help of panna Figures 13. 1shown below:

Figures 13. 1

Explanation:

The familiar investment demand function is drown in Figure 13.1 (a). In part (B) shows the saving investment equilibrium condition. It is drawn as a 45 degree straight line from the origin. Because in equilibrium intended saving must be equal to intended investment. Part (a) of Figure13.1 shows the investment demand schedule.

When rate of interest is i0, investment equal to I0. Part (B) shows that with his amount of investment, savings will also be equal or same magnitude S0. Part (C) shows that with an amount of saving equal to S0, income will be Y0. This is the level of income that is determined by equality of intended investment with intended saving. Part (d) shows that with rate of interest I0, and a given money supply and price level (they are in the model, exogenous variables). the level of income that insures equality between saving and investment is Y0. If we assume that rate of interest Falls at level i1, as resulting investment increase from I0 to I1. When investment increase level of national income also increase.

If we want to get third point for IS curve. We assume that rate of interest fall again and it come at i2 Level because of this rate of interest investment also increase and reach at point I2 which determined with the help of point C on investment curve because in classical assumption investment always equal to saving. When investment is I0 saving also S0 which are equal. When saving are are S2 new level of income determined which is equal to Y2 and third point for IS curve is E2, with the help of three point. We generated IS curve which shows different level of income and rate of interest that will produce an equality between intended investment and intended saving at alternate rate of interest. It is downward sloping, since at the lower interest rate investment will be greater, savings must be greater and consequently income will also be greater.

Now we see that there is no longer a single level of income at which S = l, but level for different rate of interest. The lower the rate of interest the higher the level of income. This can be explain in two way. A high i means a low I (Investment) and a low I means a low y through the multiplier process or, alternatively a low y means a low S. In order to have income equilibrium, S (Saving) must equal to I (Investment) in desired sense and a Low S means a low I, which is result of a high i

Author: Nasir Mehmood Ch مصنف: ناصرمحمود چوہدری

Email: Nasirmehmoodch97@gmail.com

Lecture No.12 Derivation Of IS Curve with the Help of Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand Approach.

2020-03-04T12:41:00.000+05:00

Lecture No.12

Derivation Of IS Curve with the Help of Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand Approach.

Definition of IS Curve (Keynesian economics):

IS curve shows the different combinations of rate of interest and level of national income. At which intended saving and intended investment are also equal. This curve is related to the goods market and it is also related to fiscal policy. The slope of IS Curve depends upon that how investment is changed in response to the change in the rate of interest.

Derivation of IS Curve with AS and AD Approach:

Figure No 12. 1:

In part a of above Figure of (AD) aggregate demand curve which is the aggregate of three factors, consumption, investment and government expenditure and (AS) aggregate supply curve which is the line through the origin. These two curves intersect at E0. At E0 level of national income is y0.

In part B of Figure 12.1 at I0 rate of interest level of national income also y0. So point A is first point for IS curve. If investment increases and AD curve shift upward and intersect. AS curve at newly point Which is E1 and level of national income is Y1. Which is Greater than the level of Y0. In B part of Figure 12.1 at i1 rate of interest national income level is i1. In this market B is 2^nd point For IS curve. It is clear in all the above discussion that if we reduce our rate of interest then investment will also increase when investment increase level of national income also increased. In this way, IS curve have negative slope. We make it with the help of two points A and B.

Author: Nasir Mehmood Ch مصنف: ناصرمحمود چوہدری

Email: Nasirmehmoodch97@gmail.com

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