DCarsonCPA.com

What's new for 2Q15 - DCarsonCPA rolling out the lines for Innovation, Growth, Exceptional Teamwork and Full Recovery in the Economy and Financials.

2015-05-24T11:09:00.004-07:00

What's new for 2Q15 - DCarsonCPA rolling out the lines for Innovation, Growth, Exceptional Teamwork beyond the divides as supporting the Core of Value and Full Recovery in the Economy and Financials.

The New Lines are Focused on the Distillate Balance of Innovation for Growth and Risk Management as the key balancing lines of needs in the Economy and Financials in the Age of Big Data:

DCarsonCPA MFC (Management Financial Consulting) Lines on Growth

DCarsonCPA PRTC Lines on Communications

DCarsonCPA on Core Financials and Risk

The Core Lines remain:

Accounting / Financials / Analysis & Research

Taxation

Compliance and Regulatory Reporting

Financial Analysis, Markets Analysis and Cross Functional Research (for Strategic and Operational needs)

Working with strong skills on Financial Analysis, NYSSA training on the CFA Path, Cost Accounting / Managerial Finance, Industry, Product, Market and Sector Analysis (For Entity needs on Strategy, Operations and Analysis ) . Cross skills on deep Economic Research (Global and Domestic) . E2E^2 Entity to Economy and Economy to Entity skills to needs.

Project Management and Business Analysis skills for the Technology lines of Innovation:

Core lines on Wealth Management and Financial Sector Project support Services and Research:

DCarsonCPA Global Lines for the lines to help on cross sector needs on Global Trade, Aid and Economic Growth for Teamwork to help on the Economy on pathways of value for Global Humanity in the Aggregate. Balancing in the needs at home and abroad.

DCarsonCPA on the Domestic Economy and Financials for the key points to help on the Core of Value, Economic Growth, Full Recovery and Teamwork beyond the divides to help on the needs for these generations and the next to follow. A line of immediate, short, medium and long duration value to the Economy and Financials to help on the needs on Services, Research and Outreach to help on the Economy.

DCarsonCPA on Risk Management (across 3 Classes of Relevant Risk)

2015-04-26T15:18:00.001-07:00

DCarsonCPA on Risk Management: The Traditional Lines on Risk Management start from the perspective of Risk Management and Insurance, considering the evaluation and determination of Assets of Value and the Risks those Assets face in the Market Place producing Value At Risk.

Insurance itself is a complex area of the market with lots of variation to the various contracts that define Insurance, Assets, Insurable Interests and Value at Risk sufficient to compel a willing consumer and a willing Insurer to meet and draft a policy and over a detailed course of underwriting and agreement, Insure an Asset (in gross over simplification providing that ALL contractual terms not the least of which including Legality and Definition of Value are met). The level of Drafting an Insurance Contract is a Legal Issue beyond our scope for communication here most readily defined by an Attorney with strong skills on Insurance Contracts. That noted there are many points where Accounting, Financial, Tax and Finance, Insurance Industry (Actuarial, Pensions et al) and Paralegal skills on legal support services (LSS) and Compliance connect for Insurance, Pensions, Investments, Risk and Asset Management in the Insurance space. An Insurer is a state regulated entity. Each state has it's own rules on Insurance and a State Insurance Regulatory charged with Duties to oversee Insurance in that state. Insurance is considered a Financial Instrument, and as such is regulated by the states at the state level.

Our lines on Risk Management consider the start points on conventional Risk Management for Entities and Portfolios AND the companion lines on Risk + Cyber , and Risk + VUCA because we live in complex times where the study of Entities and the Economy point to needs for Entities and broad needs for the Economy in the Aggregate.

Our lines on Entity and Sector points and LOBs by Services point to the key points where we can help on Services, Research and Outreach on Risk Management across Entity and Sector lines in the Market Place. Find your way to Our key points on Risk Management as key points where we can assist on Risk Management, Audit, Taxes, Financials, Advisory, Research and more in the Aggregate including Compliance support lines.

To learn more: Contact Us or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com

DCarsonCPA on Tax Services

2015-02-14T23:08:00.001-08:00

DCarsonCPA on Tax Services:

A Quick line up of relevant points to follow with us for needs on Taxation and Tax Services:

DCarsonCPA on Taxes and Taxation

DCarsonCPA on Tax Services on Storify (*) we include this line as an informative slide show we put together a ways back - our piece has some good context so we linked it here but please read the note below on context.

(*) Storify is an open line please note that items marked "related" would not be from our brand lines. Since Storify is an open source line there may be other non related lines there - they should be observed as such being Non Related as they are.

That noted you can follow the links on Our post there on Tax Services to our Business, Non Profit and Individual lines on Tax Services.

Back on track to Taxes:

New Lines at:

DCarsonCPA on Tax Services on Linkedin

DCarsonCPA on Tax Services at Tumblr

Other links to support lines on Tax Services.

Our Website on the cross functional support lines at DCarsonCPA

Our Updates on the Core Financials and lines on Accounting, Taxes, Entity Financials and Strategic and Operational support DCarsonCPA E2E^2 Entity to Economy and Economy to Entity. From the DCarsonCPA Entity and Sector Lines and the many related lines at DCarsonCPA .

DCarsonCPA on Tax Services, Research and Outreach for Industry / Business, Non Profits, Foundations, Government, and Individual / Family Lines. DCarsonCPA on Tax Services.

For the pathways where we meet on Tax Services, Financias, Economic Research, Legal Support, Project Management, Business Analysis and more in the Aggregate map to DCarsonCPA.

DCarsonCPA on Core Financials

2015-02-14T22:41:00.007-08:00

DCarsonCPA on Core Financials: Withe the wide range of work we do on Integrated Research to connect the lines of Economics, Financials, Legal and IT / Technology Research to help on cross functional workflows for Industry, Non Profit, Government, NGO and Individual / Family and Community needs through Financials it becomes important at times to return to the value of core relevant skills and workflows. We are working substantial lines of Big Data refined to Big Knowledge for the needs across sectors in the Economy.

The key needs shared by ALL sectors generally correspond to growth, efficiency, improvements and renewal. The skills we bring through cost accounting, connect to statistical optimization, economic, financial, legal, IT and cross sector value points. We work from core Financial skills to the growth skills to Advanced Legal, Economic and IT skills to the strong based of Financials, Compliance, Taxation, Project Management, Business Analysis and Lean Management Consulting for Boards, Directors, Senior Executives, Senior Management, Teamwork with Clients, Vendors. Bankers, Investment Bankers, Attorneys, Regulators, other CPAs and the many varied relevant lines of Entity Stakeholders .

The Relevant core of skills correspond to skills to support lines on Accounting, Financials, and Taxes in relation to the needs of Business, Non Profit, Government and Individual / Family needs on Financials.

Here is a relevant presentation to speak to those lines which compliment Economic Research, Legal Research, Financial Research and Tax Research as relevant lines of value on services.

DCarsonCPA Core Financials Visual Set from Dean Carson CPA & Strategic Consultant

You can learn more at DCarsonCPA and follow the key points and the lines of services, research and outreach to help on cross sector needs on the Economy.

DCarsonCPA The Reading Rooms

2013-10-31T22:16:00.000-07:00

DCarsonCPA The Reading Rooms - a sketch draft in review

A knowledge driven business thrives on continual learning, development and growth. As we move forward we find significant important lines that can contribute to the complex needs on consulting and the very simple lines of it all reverts back to the needs for strong and compliant financials, insight for management consulting / advisory, and the key point that learning in a vacuum is unsustainable. A pipeline of new ideas and continual learning in support of the strategic and operational overlays to the base line of financials for decision makers.

The Financials and Compliance are the foundation - if handled correctly they produce a strong foundation
for analysis to look at the business or entity financials and then map them out to the broader economy to use technology and help support the lines for economic growth and opportunity lines. Opportunity seeking in the Economy and competing for the lines of supply and demand are par for the course in business and we reconnect accounting to it's economic perspective on strategy.

DCarsonCPA by LOBS on Services http://dcarsoncpa.com/about_us/lobs_on_services

DCarsonCPA on FB https://www.facebook.com/pages/DCarsonCPAcom/163161927065781

DCarsonCPA on Tumblr http://dcarsoncpa.tumblr.com/

Just a few of the many points on knowledge plus services from www.dcarsoncpa.com

DCarsonCPA on Insurance

2013-10-31T21:59:00.006-07:00

DCarsonCPA sketch draft on Insurance. Will return soon to expand.

Mapping in the Resources

Current Awareness

Insurance / Risk Management http://paper.li/DCarsonCPA_CT/1379507434

Pensions http://paper.li/DCarsonCPA_CT/1380935872

Investment Management http://paper.li/DCarsonCPA_CT/1380083052

Support Services

Insurance http://dcarsoncpa.com/strategic/insurance

Pensions and Employee Benefits.http://dcarsoncpa.com/addtl_sources/labor_and_pensions

Investment Management http://dcarsoncpa.com/strategic/investment_management

Outlining the Needs on Deductions and Witholdings of Tax on Payments for Foreign Persons § 1.1441-1 (It's complicated)

2013-09-20T11:21:00.000-07:00

Outlining the Needs on Deductions and Witholdings of Tax on Payments for Foreign Persons § 1.1441-1 .... ( In a word... It's complicated).

This is an outline of the structure for the Rules to fill into and we can help on your needs if you are a "Foreign" or Non-US Resident with US Tax Requirements. You can learn more of us at DCarsonCPA - we are a practice that works with knowledge, experience, teamwork, domestic and global research for the Client needs on Accounting, Taxes, Financials, Compliance and more. We work with Technology that can help on Financial Decision Making.

For your reading on Taxes below:

§ 1.1441-0 Outline of regulation provisions for section 1441.

This section lists captions contained in §§ 1.1441-1 through 1.1441-9.

§ 1.1441-1 Requirement for the deduction and withholding of tax on payments to foreign persons.

(a) Purpose and scope.
(b) General rules of withholding.
(1) Requirement to withhold on payments to foreign persons.
(2) Determination of payee and payee's status.
(i) In general.
(ii) Payments to a U.S. agent of a foreign person.
(iii) Payments to wholly-owned entities.
(A) Foreign-owned domestic entity.
(B) Foreign entity.
(iv) Payments to a U.S. branch of certain foreign banks or foreign insurance companies.
(A) U.S. branch treated as a U.S. person in certain cases.
(B) Consequences to the withholding agent.
(C) Consequences to the U.S. branch.
(D) Definition of payment to a U.S. branch.
(E) Payments to other U.S. branches.
(v) Payments to a foreign intermediary.
(A) Payments treated as made to persons for whom the intermediary collects the payment.
(B) Payments treated as made to foreign intermediary.
(vi) Other payees.
(vii) Rules for reliably associating a payment with a withholding certificate or other appropriate documentation.
(A) Generally.
(B) Special rules applicable to a withholding certificate from a nonqualified intermediary or flow-through entity.
(C) Special rules applicable to a withholding certificate provided by a qualified intermediary that does not assume primary withholding responsibility.
(D) Special rules applicable to a withholding certificate provided by a qualified intermediary that assumes primary withholding responsibility under chapter 3 of the Internal Revenue Code.
(E) Special rules applicable to a withholding certificate provided by a qualified intermediary that assumes primary Form 1099 reporting and backup withholding responsibility but not primary withholding under chapter 3.
(F) Special rules applicable to a withholding certificate provided by a qualified intermediary that assumes primary withholding responsibility under chapter 3 and primary Form 1099 reporting and backup withholding responsibility and a withholding certificate provided by a withholding foreign partnership.
(3) Presumptions regarding payee's status in the absence of documentation.
(i) General rules.
(ii) Presumptions of classification as individual, corporation, partnership, etc.
(A) In general.
(B) No documentation provided.
(C) Documentary evidence furnished for offshore account.
(iii) Presumption of U.S. or foreign status.
(A) Payments to exempt recipients.
(B) Scholarships and grants.
(C) Pensions, annuities, etc.
(D) Certain payments to offshore accounts.
(iv) Grace period.
(v) Special rules applicable to payments to foreign intermediaries.
(A) Reliance on claim of status as foreign intermediary.
(B) Beneficial owner documentation or allocation information is lacking or unreliable.
(C) Information regarding allocation of payment is lacking or unreliable.
(D) Certification that the foreign intermediary has furnished documentation for all of the persons to whom the intermediary certificate relates is lacking or unreliable.
(vi) U.S. branches.
(vii) Joint payees.
(A) In general.
(B) Special rule for offshore accounts.
(viii) Rebuttal of presumptions.
(ix) Effect of reliance on presumptions and of actual knowledge or reason to know otherwise.
(A) General rule.
(B) Actual knowledge or reason to know that amount of withholding is greater than is required under the presumptions or that reporting of the payment is required.
(x) Examples.
(4) List of exemptions from, or reduced rates of, withholding under chapter 3 of the Code.
(5) Establishing foreign status under applicable provisions of chapter 61 of the Code.
(6) Rules of withholding for payments by a foreign intermediary or certain U.S. branches.
(i) In general.
(ii) Example.
(7) Liability for failure to obtain documentation timely or to act in accordance with applicable presumptions.
(i) General rule.
(ii) Proof that tax liability has been satisfied.
(iii) Liability for interest and penalties.
(iv) Special effective date.
(v) Examples.
(8) Adjustments, refunds, or credits of overwithheld amounts.
(9) Payments to joint owners.
(c) Definitions.
(1) Withholding.
(2) Foreign and U.S. person.
(3) Individual.
(i) Alien individual.
(ii) Nonresident alien individual.
(4) Certain foreign corporations.
(5) Financial institution and foreign financial institution.
(6) Beneficial owner.
(i) General rule.
(ii) Special rules.
(A) General rule.
(B) Foreign partnerships.
(C) Foreign simple trusts and foreign grantor trusts.
(D) Other foreign trusts and foreign estates.
(7) Withholding agent.
(8) Person.
(9) Source of income.
(10) Chapter 3 of the Code.
(11) Reduced rate.
(12) Payee.
(13) Intermediary.
(14) Nonqualified intermediary.
(15) Qualified intermediary.
(16) Withholding certificate.
(17) Documentary evidence; other appropriate documentation.
(18) Documentation.
(19) Payor.
(20) Exempt recipient.
(21) Non-exempt recipient.
(22) Reportable amounts.
(23) Flow-through entity.
(24) Foreign simple trust.
(25) Foreign complex trust.
(26) Foreign grantor trust.
(27) Partnership.
(28) Nonwithholding foreign partnership.
(29) Withholding foreign partnership.
(d) Beneficial owner's or payee's claim of U.S. status.
(1) In general.
(2) Payments for which a Form W-9 is otherwise required.
(3) Payments for which a Form W-9 is not otherwise required.
(4) When a payment to an intermediary or flow-through entity may be treated as made to a U.S. payee.
(e) Beneficial owner's claim of foreign status.
(1) Withholding agent's reliance.
(i) In general.
(ii) Payments that a withholding agent may treat as made to a foreign person that is a beneficial owner.
(A) General rule.
(B) Additional requirements.
(2) Beneficial owner withholding certificate.
(i) In general.
(ii) Requirements for validity of certificate.
(3) Intermediary, flow-through, or U.S. branch withholding certificate.
(i) In general.
(ii) Intermediary withholding certificate from a qualified intermediary.
(iii) Intermediary withholding certificate from a nonqualified intermediary.
(iv) Withholding statement provided by nonqualified Intermediary.
(A) In general.
(B) General requirements.
(C) Content of withholding statement.
(D) Alternative procedures.
(E) Notice procedures.
(v) Withholding certificate from certain U.S. branches.
(vi) Reportable amounts.
(4) Applicable rules.
(i) Who may sign the certificate.
(ii) Period of validity.
(A) Three-year period.
(B) Indefinite validity period.
(C) Withholding certificate for effectively connected income.
(D) Change in circumstances.
(iii) Retention of withholding certificate.
(iv) Electronic transmission of information.
(A) In general.
(B) Requirements.
(C) Special requirements for transmission of Forms W-8 by an intermediary. [Reserved]
(v) Electronic confirmation of taxpayer identifying number on withholding certificate.
(vi) Acceptable substitute form.
(vii) Requirement of taxpayer identifying number.
(viii) Reliance rules.
(A) Classification.
(B) Status of payee as an intermediary or as a person acting for its own account.
(ix) Certificates to be furnished for each account unless exception applies.
(A) Coordinated account information system in effect.
(B) Family of mutual funds.
(C) Special rule for brokers.
(5) Qualified intermediaries.
(i) General rule.
(ii) Definition of qualified intermediary.
(iii) Withholding agreement.
(A) In general.
(B) Terms of the withholding agreement.
(iv) Assignment of primary withholding responsibility.
(v) Withholding statement.
(A) General rule.
(B) Content of withholding statement.
(C) Withholding rate pools.
(f) Effective date.
(1) In general.
(2) Transition rules.
(i) Special rules for existing documentation.
(ii) Lack of documentation for past years.

DCarsonCPA is your webline to the practice of Dean T. Carson II, CPA where the solution set works with Knowledge, Experience, Teamwork and Research to meet the needs of Financial Decision Makers in Entity, Non Profits, Governance and Individual / Family roles on Financials. Please learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com

SEC Definition of Investment Performance of an Investment Company

2013-01-05T12:20:00.000-08:00

SEC Definition of Investment Performance of an Investment Company:

§ 275.205-1 Definition of “investment performance” of an investment company and “investment record” of an appropriate index of securities prices.

The above citation has been provided as an illustration of a connecting point between Governance, Accounting, Financials, Economics, Statistics and the Investment Management Industry. Please note the following disclaimer:

Note: Citation As of Read Date 1/3/2013, ALL SEC Rules are subject to change and update and you must Independently confirm as filing or relying. The citation is provided here as an illustration of converging points of Financials, Finance, Governance and Quantitative measures (of Economics and Statistics) as relevant to the Investment Management Industry. The Citation is NOT for Reliance and NOT for Advice.

We support Client needs on Financials and Compliance on Services and welcome your inquiries on where we may meet on services. For Any Legal needs it is recommended that you connect with an Attorney through your local State Bar Chapter.

DCarsonCPA is your weblink to Our Practice where knowledge, experience, teamwork and research connect for Client support services on Accounting, Financials, Taxes, Advisory, Project and Legal Support Services (for Attorney's) we are interested to hear of your needs on projects and work with signifcant streams of research to support Financial Decision Makers with complex needs in the Economy. Please learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com

SEC Reporting for Insurance Companies on Reinsurance Ceded, Assumed and Net

2012-11-02T15:19:00.004-07:00

PART 210: FORM AND CONTENT OF AND REQUIREMENTS FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, INVESTMENT ADVISERS ACT OF 1940, AND ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT OF 975

DCarsonCPA.com is your link to support services on Accounting, Taxes, Financials and Compliance through Strategic and Operational support and Advisory. Please visit us at http://www.dcarsoncpa.com/strategic/insurance for Our Landing Page focused on the Insurance Industry as it continues to update it is a good starting point. Overall you can learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com Our practice is about connecting knowledge, experience, teamwork and research in support of diversified Client needs on Services.

IP -Intellectual Property - the "Intangible" Asset Class with Real Financial Value (Part 1 Copyrights - Music & Film)

2012-08-16T07:07:00.005-07:00

In Draft to consider the points we may help Artists on Financials, Taxes and other needs or Attys on related support services.

As a CPA Practice our goal is to support Businesses in various Sectors on needs that deal with Financials, Accounting, Taxes, Compliance, and Management level decision making in Strategic and Operational capacities to support Financial Decision Making.
This is an important skill to bring to the community of Creative Artists where the work of creating Art through Music, Art, Writing, Film or other avenue is a considerable task that needs attention. As you Focus on your ART considering that it may be better sustained as a Career path where Financial skills are in place on your support team to protect your Financial Assets. With services that include Accounting, Financials, Tax Compliance and a Strategic approach to managing the financial element of Creative Arts through supporting Artists with Financial skills.

On that note we bring you to an important point where our skills and experiences
with the Creative and Artistic Community as well as the Financial Services and General Business Sectors meet. For related Accounting, Tax, Financial or other Advisory Services and corresponding Legal Support Services (for Attorneys) on Expert Testimony, Paralegal or Litigation paralegal support interests on services. reaching out to the Artistic Community of Creative Artists, Musicians, Writers and Film communities in Our Economy. Our landing page for the Musical Community is http://www.dcarsoncpa.com/resources/ip_-_intellectual_property and we will soon have other specific pages defined for relevant other areas.

Each day through process of research and through following the news from Public Finance, Legislation, News and the Courts it is evident to us where there are opportunities to better support the Artistic community that in brief includes Artists, Musicians, Writers, and the Film Community from the Financial Perspective.

A clear and important part of this need is through Accounting and using the tools of Financial Decision Making. With knowledge of Financials to better protect the Financial Interests of Creative Artists. We have Financial expertise that can help to better inform and protect you on Finances with insight through Financials. To additionally support your reporting needs with Tax Compliance.

We connect to Creative professionals with Financial skills from Industry and with an appreciation that although in Accounting Terms your works may be defined as "Intangible" Assets or in Compliance / Legal terms defined as "Intellectual Property" (IP) you are engaged in creating Real Financial Value. The best way to Financially oversee your Creative Properties of Financial Value is to use the tools of Accounting, Tax and other related Financial Analysis and Compliance terms to track the Assets you create with the established tools of Financial Management.

We focus on Financials and the Business end so you can Focus on your Creative skills, but are also interested in helping you grow Business skills for insight to Financial Decision Making tools to support your needs from the Business end.

Reinforcing that even as an Artist the Financial element of your Operations is a Business it's important to consider the protection of the Creative Works you make as Intellectual Property which is in Accounting terms an "Intangible" Asset with real financial value.

To create IP or and Intangible the first step is always to File and Protect your Creations a process best supported with Legal advice from an Attorney specializing in Intellectual Property or Copyright Laws to be specific.

If you are just starting on your path as an Artist and you do not have the Financial ability to contract an Attorney - you should consult your Local Bar to see if you may connect with pro bono (for good - no charge or low cost) Legal support. The course of last resort would be to prepare your own filings where you may not succeed on the two points above. This is possible but not without risk as Intellectual Property is a Legal Property right best evaluated with professional skills by an Attorney (and we are not Attorney's and provide NO Legal Insight; rather our point is Financial and Control driven for Accounting purposes with some insight to how an IP Asset comes to life as an "Intangible Asset". In all scenarios the goal is protection of the Financial Value in your Creative work through your own Independent pursuit of protected interests through Actions (taken in Legal Steps) that ultimately may create a Financial Asset with Business Value.

We are NOT Attorneys, but we are Financial Professionals with strong Accounting, Financial, Tax and Compliance skills to connect with your interests in IP from a Financial perspective and can partner with your Attorneys or work directly with you as best suits your needs.

As you grow on the path of creating IP you will have Assets with corresponding Revenue Streams and although you may be a very fnancially successful artist, in that dimension you also become a business. The best thing you can do to be a business person in Financial terms is to use the tools of Accounting to develop Financials, track Assets, Liabilities, Ownership, Revenues and Expenses to manage your Financials. To build and maintain wealth it is best to track that wealth.

We are on the Strategic and Operational side and can offer investment neutral services to protect your wealth as our focus is on the Accounting, Tax and Financial Analysis of the matters currently. This means that we can on an inteim basis produce Financials that will help you track Royalties, track your Assets and Lead your ART as a business decision maker for Long term success. The best way to manage Financials is to build Financials for insight and we can teach you how to better understand the numbers and financials in context to your ART.

All that stated below please find links to important background information explaining Copyrights and then specialized Copyrights for Music and Film in overview.

We are pleased to assist you on related needs on Financials, Taxes and Busines growth where you have corresponding needs. You can find our contact information below.

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DCarsonCPA.com for Financial Decision Makers in Government, Industry, Non Profit and Individual roles with a close connection to both the Financial and Creative Industries through experience in Business and Music at Berklee College of Music. We work with the knowledge of Financials and related Accounting, Taxation, Economics, Statistics, Finance, Taxes and Regulatory Compliance that connects Decision Makers. Learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

Connecting to the US Courts

2012-07-22T06:37:00.002-07:00

Intro:

One of the recurrent needs in following updates in news of the courts on Financial Cases is to understand districts. The role that the Courts play in respect to Financial Decision Making requires an understanding of the important relevance and location of districts.

Substance:

From a simple analysis of the significance of Federal Court Districts (this is not a Legal definition) the courts are important at the disctrict level for the specific ways that interperet cases. These interpretations of Cases (which Lawyers would likely refer to as "Case Law") communicate the application of various rules per the district and give a sense of the local application of rules.

This interesting feature of Our Legal system (in non legal terms) gives rise to regional perspectives in analysis and application of rules which is important to represent an area but would not fundamentally change the reasoning or intent of a Rule or Law, rather it would influence that Rule or Law's interpretation.

This analysis is not a "Legal" view point as I am not an attorney and would have no claim to a legal view. Rather it is just my current functional understanding.

National vs. State and Local Courts:

The US District Courts in the map provided deal with National (Federal) issues. Each state and local district will have it's own unique courts, cases and rules. None of the State or Local Courts are presented here as this is a map of the National (Federal) Courts.

The Federal Districts for Courts are referred to as Circuits and can be seen in the map below.

CircuitMap - The (Federal) Courts

Outro:

The next time that you see a financial news article that states, for example 4th Circ. you'll understand from this map the general jurisdiction which is in turn potentially broken out to underlying North, South, east and West sub divisions.

DCarsonCPA.com connecting a line on Government, Industry, Non Profit and Individual Financials for Decision Makers.

For immediate opportunties on Client Services and for the broader opportunities to help on analysis and ideas on places where we can all work together in support of decision makers at the local, state and national levels. Supporting ideas and analysis that can help the Economy present and future for Families, Individuals, Communities and the shared duties we have as Stakeholders and Custodial Trustees in Our shared National Financial Future.

Learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or inquire at info@dcarsoncpa.com .

Judicial Reports for 2011

2012-07-19T22:34:00.000-07:00

One of the key points to understanding more about our Economy is the important but frequently overlooked role of the Court - "the Third Branch" where important work with Financial Implications is taking place each day. The workflows of the court may or may not be measurable in Financial terms. where the Courts work to provide safety and justice, not ALL of the work may be summarized in Financial Terms.

The Attached report on the Courts for 2011 is a starting point to learn more from the Administrative perspective. In the world of cost accounting we call activities drivers and they are connected to expenses for purposes of Management Financials. The Framework of Cost Accounting provides a relevant look at Administrative activities in many areas to better evaluate operations and economic impacts. The court has financial elements of Revenues (Fees and Judgements) and Expenses (operations, personnel, facilities, technology, supplies and more), but also a non-financial element of Societal Benefit through supporting the avenue for covering needs in balance for Liberty, Justice and Individual Rights.

The important role of the courts in balance is best explained by the court itself :

http://www.uscourts.gov/FederalCourts/UnderstandingtheFederalCourts/FederalCourtsInAmericanGovernment.aspx

As with any Branch in Government, the Court is an Entity in terms of operations. The additional important function of Justice has very many intangible, non-quantifiable societal benefits. The Framework of Accounting just better explains the operations for understanding. The Courts as the "Third Branch" represent an important and sometimes overlooked element of the Economy.

Judicial Business 2011

DCarsonCPA for Financial Decision Makers in Government, Industry, Non Profit and Individual capacities. We work with Accounting, Taxes, Business and Financial Analysis, Advisory and Research to support client needs on Services.

For the immediate opportunity on Client Services and the broader opportunity to potentially help on finding points where we can ALL work together to help on ideas for the present and future challenges in Our Shared Financial Future at the Local, State and National levels.

Learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

The Economy in Recap / Beige Book for July 2012

2012-07-19T22:00:00.004-07:00

Below please find the July 2012 "Beige Book" the key summary of All Regions in the Economy's activity for the period ended June 2012. Read on to connect directly to the key report on the Economy by region.

Beigebook_20120718

DCarsonCPA at the connecting line of Decision Making to support Government, Industry, Non Profits and Individuals on Financials.

For the immediate opportunity to support your needs on financials, accounting, taxes, financial and business analysis, advisory and more and for the broader opportunity to use the skill set to help work together on the needs of recovery through supporting decision makers with insight.

The First step on problem solving is defining the nature of the problem through growing knowledge that can help. Being informed is a key first step to the path of being able to consider ideas and solutions that may help on the Economy.

Learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

DOL / ERISA + Fiduciary Plans: Troubleshooter's Guide to IRS Form 5500 and Form 5500 SF

2012-06-23T05:31:00.002-07:00

DOL / ERISA + Fiduciary Plans: The Troubleshooter's Guide to IRS Form 5500 and Form 5500 SF

Troubleshooters Guide

DCarsonCPA at the connecting lines of Government, Industry, Non Profit + Individual Financials and corresponding Decision Making to support Clients on services with active knowledge, hands on skills, teamwork and research. Learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

Federal Taxes § 1.641(a)-2 Gross income of estates and trusts.

2012-06-05T19:06:00.000-07:00

Connecting with the IRC to let Clients and interested parties know that we are here for you on correponding Services - Todays look connects to Estates and Trust an important intersecting point of specifically defined Legal Entity (in this case the Trust) and corresponding Tax Compliance responsibilities.

Trusts are an important area where Legal needs, responsibilities and corresponding Accounting and Tax duties connect. The citation below addresses the start point of Taxation upon the Gross Income of Estates and Trusts through introducing and defining "Gross Income of Estates and Trusts" for Tax Purposes under the IRC.

Our focus is on the Accounting, Tax and Compliance of the matter - for Legal Interpretations and Legal Advice you would need to consult an Attorney.

§ 1.641(a)-2 Gross income of estates and trusts.

The gross income of an estate or trust is determined in the same manner as that of an individual. Thus, the gross income of an estate or trust consists of all items of gross income received during the taxable year, including:

(a) Income accumulated in trust for the benefit of unborn or unascertained persons or persons with contingent interests;

(b) Income accumulated or held for future distribution under the terms of the will or trust;

(c) Income which is to be distributed currently by the fiduciary to the beneficiaries, and income collected by a guardian of an infant which is to be held or distributed as the court may direct;

(d) Income received by estates of deceased persons during the period of administration or settlement of the estate; and

(e) Income which, in the discretion of the fiduciary, may be either distributed to the beneficiaries or accumulated. The several classes of income enumerated in this section do not exclude others which also may come within the general purposes of section 641.

Citation as of 6/5/12 ALL US Tax Laws subject to change and update and you must confirm as filing or relying.

DCarsonCPA.com your link to accounting, tax, advisory, compliance and other related support services from the practice of Dean T. Carson II, CPA. We work with hands on skills from Financial Services and General Business, knowledge, teamwork and research to support the needs of Financial Decision Makers. Find us on the web at www.dcarssoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

Regulation SHO (2010) - SEC Regulation Definition of Short Sales and Circuit Breaker (with VWAP mention)

2012-06-03T05:16:00.000-07:00

SEC Regulation SHO—Regulation of Short Sales and Circuit Breaker (with VWAP mention):

§ 242.200 Definition of “short sale” and marking requirements.

(a) The term short sale shall mean any sale of a security which the seller does not own or any sale which is consummated by the delivery of a security borrowed by, or for the account of, the seller.

(b) A person shall be deemed to own a security if:

(1) The person or his agent has title to it; or

(2) The person has purchased, or has entered into an unconditional contract, binding on both parties thereto, to purchase it, but has not yet received it; or

(3) The person owns a security convertible into or exchangeable for it and has tendered such security for conversion or exchange; or

(4) The person has an option to purchase or acquire it and has exercised such option; or

(5) The person has rights or warrants to subscribe to it and has exercised such rights or warrants; or

(6) The person holds a security futures contract to purchase it and has received notice that the position will be physically settled and is irrevocably bound to receive the underlying security.

(c) A person shall be deemed to own securities only to the extent that he has a net long position in such securities.

(d) A broker or dealer shall be deemed to own a security, even if it is not net long, if:

(1) The broker or dealer acquired that security while acting in the capacity of a block positioner; and

(2) If and to the extent that the broker or dealer's short position in the security is the subject of offsetting positions created in the course of bona fide arbitrage, risk arbitrage, or bona fide hedge activities.

(e) A broker-dealer shall be deemed to own a security even if it is not net long, if:

(1) The broker-dealer is unwinding index arbitrage position involving a long basket of stock and one or more short index futures traded on a board of trade or one or more standardized options contracts as defined in 17 CFR 240.9b–1(a)(4); and

(2) If and to the extent that the broker-dealer's short position in the security is the subject of offsetting positions created and maintained in the course of bona-fide arbitrage, risk arbitrage, or bona fide hedge activities; and

(3) The sale does not occur during a period commencing at the time that the NYSE Composite Index has declined by two percent or more from its closing value on the previous day and terminating upon the end of the trading day. The two percent shall be calculated at the beginning of each calendar quarter and shall be two percent, rounded down to the nearest 10 points, of the average closing value of the NYSE Composite Index for the last month of the previous quarter.

(f) In order to determine its net position, a broker or dealer shall aggregate all of its positions in a security unless it qualifies for independent trading unit aggregation, in which case each independent trading unit shall aggregate all of its positions in a security to determine its net position. Independent trading unit aggregation is available only if:

(1) The broker or dealer has a written plan of organization that identifies each aggregation unit, specifies its trading objective(s), and supports its independent identity;

(2) Each aggregation unit within the firm determines, at the time of each sale, its net position for every security that it trades;

(3) All traders in an aggregation unit pursue only the particular trading objective(s) or strategy(s) of that aggregation unit and do not coordinate that strategy with any other aggregation unit; and

(4) Individual traders are assigned to only one aggregation unit at any time.

(g) A broker or dealer must mark all sell orders of any equity security as “long,” “short,” or “short exempt.”

(1) An order to sell shall be marked “long” only if the seller is deemed to own the security being sold pursuant to paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section and either:

(i) The security to be delivered is in the physical possession or control of the broker or dealer; or

(ii) It is reasonably expected that the security will be in the physical possession or control of the broker or dealer no later than the settlement of the transaction.

(2) A sale order shall be marked “short exempt” only if the provisions of §242.201(c) or (d) are met.

(h) Upon written application or upon its own motion, the Commission may grant an exemption from the provisions of this section, either unconditionally or on specified terms and conditions, to any transaction or class of transactions, or to any security or class of securities, or to any person or class of persons.

[69 FR 48029, Aug. 6, 2004, as amended at 72 FR 36359, July 3, 2007; 72 FR 45557, Aug. 14, 2007; 75 FR 11323, Mar. 10, 2010]

§ 242.201 Circuit breaker.

(a) Definitions. For the purposes of this section:

(1) The term covered security shall mean any NMS stock as defined in §242.600(b)(47).

(2) The term effective transaction reporting plan for a covered security shall have the same meaning as in §242.600(b)(22).

(3) The term listing market shall have the same meaning as the term “listing market” as defined in the effective transaction reporting plan for the covered security.

(4) The term national best bid shall have the same meaning as in §242.600(b)(42).

(5) The term odd lot shall have the same meaning as in §242.600(b)(49).

(6) The term plan processor shall have the same meaning as in §242.600(b)(55).

(7) The term regular trading hours shall have the same meaning as in §242.600(b)(64).

(8) The term riskless principal shall mean a transaction in which a broker or dealer, after having received an order to buy a security, purchases the security as principal at the same price to satisfy the order to buy, exclusive of any explicitly disclosed markup or markdown, commission equivalent, or other fee, or, after having received an order to sell, sells the security as principal at the same price to satisfy the order to sell, exclusive of any explicitly disclosed markup or markdown, commission equivalent, or other fee.

(9) The term trading center shall have the same meaning as in §242.600(b)(78).

(b)(1) A trading center shall establish, maintain, and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably designed to:

(i) Prevent the execution or display of a short sale order of a covered security at a price that is less than or equal to the current national best bid if the price of that covered security decreases by 10% or more from the covered security's closing price as determined by the listing market for the covered security as of the end of regular trading hours on the prior day; and

(ii) Impose the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section for the remainder of the day and the following day when a national best bid for the covered security is calculated and disseminated on a current and continuing basis by a plan processor pursuant to an effective national market system plan.

(iii) Provided, however, that the policies and procedures must be reasonably designed to permit:

(A) The execution of a displayed short sale order of a covered security by a trading center if, at the time of initial display of the short sale order, the order was at a price above the current national best bid; and

(B) The execution or display of a short sale order of a covered security marked “short exempt” without regard to whether the order is at a price that is less than or equal to the current national best bid.

(2) A trading center shall regularly surveil to ascertain the effectiveness of the policies and procedures required by paragraph (b)(1) of this section and shall take prompt action to remedy deficiencies in such policies and procedures.

(3) The determination regarding whether the price of a covered security has decreased by 10% or more from the covered security's closing price as determined by the listing market for the covered security as of the end of regular trading hours on the prior day shall be made by the listing market for the covered security and, if such decrease has occurred, the listing market shall immediately notify the single plan processor responsible for consolidation of information for the covered security pursuant to §242.603(b). The single plan processor must then disseminate this information.

(c) Following any determination and notification pursuant to paragraph (b)(3) of this section with respect to a covered security, a broker or dealer submitting a short sale order of the covered security in question to a trading center may mark the order “short exempt” if the broker or dealer identifies the order as being at a price above the current national best bid at the time of submission; provided, however:

(1) The broker or dealer that identifies a short sale order of a covered security as “short exempt” in accordance with this paragraph (c) must establish, maintain, and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent incorrect identification of orders for purposes of this paragraph; and

(2) The broker or dealer shall regularly surveil to ascertain the effectiveness of the policies and procedures required by paragraph (c)(1) of this section and shall take prompt action to remedy deficiencies in such policies and procedures.

(d) Following any determination and notification pursuant to paragraph (b)(3) of this section with respect to a covered security, a broker or dealer may mark a short sale order of a covered security “short exempt” if the broker or dealer has a reasonable basis to believe that:

(1) The short sale order of a covered security is by a person that is deemed to own the covered security pursuant to §242.200, provided that the person intends to deliver the security as soon as all restrictions on delivery have been removed.

(2) The short sale order of a covered security is by a market maker to offset customer odd-lot orders or to liquidate an odd-lot position that changes such broker's or dealer's position by no more than a unit of trading.

(3) The short sale order of a covered security is for a good faith account of a person who then owns another security by virtue of which he is, or presently will be, entitled to acquire an equivalent number of securities of the same class as the securities sold; provided such sale, or the purchase which such sale offsets, is effected for the bona fide purpose of profiting from a current difference between the price of the security sold and the security owned and that such right of acquisition was originally attached to or represented by another security or was issued to all the holders of any such securities of the issuer.

(4) The short sale order of a covered security is for a good faith account and submitted to profit from a current price difference between a security on a foreign securities market and a security on a securities market subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, provided that the short seller has an offer to buy on a foreign market that allows the seller to immediately cover the short sale at the time it was made. For the purposes of this paragraph (d)(4), a depository receipt of a security shall be deemed to be the same security as the security represented by such receipt.

(5)(i) The short sale order of a covered security is by an underwriter or member of a syndicate or group participating in the distribution of a security in connection with an over-allotment of securities; or

(ii) The short sale order of a covered security is for purposes of a lay-off sale by an underwriter or member of a syndicate or group in connection with a distribution of securities through a rights or standby underwriting commitment.

(6) The short sale order of a covered security is by a broker or dealer effecting the execution of a customer purchase or the execution of a customer “long” sale on a riskless principal basis. In addition, for purposes of this paragraph (d)(6), a broker or dealer must have written policies and procedures in place to assure that, at a minimum:

(i) The customer order was received prior to the offsetting transaction;

(ii) The offsetting transaction is allocated to a riskless principal or customer account within 60 seconds of execution; and

(iii) The broker or dealer has supervisory systems in place to produce records that enable the broker or dealer to accurately and readily reconstruct, in a time-sequenced manner, all orders on which a broker or dealer relies pursuant to this exception.

(7) The short sale order is for the sale of a covered security at the volume weighted average price (VWAP) that meets the following criteria:

(i) The VWAP for the covered security is calculated by:

(A) Calculating the values for every regular way trade reported in the consolidated system for the security during the regular trading session, by multiplying each such price by the total number of shares traded at that price;

(B) Compiling an aggregate sum of all values; and

(C) Dividing the aggregate sum by the total number of reported shares for that day in the security.

(ii) The transactions are reported using a special VWAP trade modifier.

(iii) The VWAP matched security:

(A) Qualifies as an “actively-traded security” pursuant to §242.101 and §242.102; or

(B) The proposed short sale transaction is being conducted as part of a basket transaction of twenty or more securities in which the subject security does not comprise more than 5% of the value of the basket traded.

(iv) The transaction is not effected for the purpose of creating actual, or apparent, active trading in or otherwise affecting the price of any security.

(v) A broker or dealer shall be permitted to act as principal on the contra-side to fill customer short sale orders only if the broker's or dealer's position in the covered security, as committed by the broker or dealer during the pre-opening period of a trading day and aggregated across all of its customers who propose to sell short the same security on a VWAP basis, does not exceed 10% of the covered security's relevant average daily trading volume.

(e) No self-regulatory organization shall have any rule that is not in conformity with, or conflicts with, this section.

(f) Upon written application or upon its own motion, the Commission may grant an exemption from the provisions of this section, either unconditionally or on specified terms and conditions, to any person or class of persons, to any transaction or class of transactions, or to any security or class of securities to the extent that such exemption is necessary or appropriate, in the public interest, and is consistent with the protection of investors.

[75 FR 11323, Mar. 10, 2010]

As of read date 6/2/2012 ALL SEC Rules subject to change and updates and you must confirm as filing or relying. For appropriate interpretation of the Legal Rules you should consult with Legal Counsel. For Accounting, Tax and Compliance support needs or other related analysis, training or research needs we are interested in hearing from you.

DCarsonCPA.com is the weblink to to the practice of Dean T. Carson II, CPA at work at the intersection of Government, Industry, Non Profits and Individuals through Financials, Taxes and Compliance where we ALL connect on Financials and related needs to support Clients.

Our work also embraces the notion that we can work with Financial knowledged to help us all better connect for important opportunities on the Federal, State and Local levels for the challenges we face today and tomorrow in Public Finance. Working to provide insight along with constructive and productive support of our elected decision makers and candidates with productive ideas on fiduciarily sound Financial Management in the days ahead. For the opportunity to encourage that Financial Professionals work with knowledge that can help on new ideas for measurement tools and analysis in support of Public Decision Making that will help guide us back to a path of National Prosperity. Learn more at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

Choices in choosing a Corporate Home: Delaware or Elsewhere?

2012-05-23T17:52:00.000-07:00

Delaware or Elsewhere? - Your Decision on Corporate Formation:

Delaware is frequently refered to as the most common state of incorporation for Corporations for the Standardized Reference point of Corporate Law. As a matter of practical compliance one would think that your primary Business State would be an equally valid selection - but that deduction is not built on Legal Reasoning it's based more on practicality.

This information is provided for your awareness only and is not intended to serve as guidance for any purpose, it is only an observation and a reference point to Public data that may or may not be of interest to your needs.

With every decision you need to evaluate what's right for your needs and an Attorney would be best qualified to help you on the election. For your own greater awareness follow the Official Pitch from Delaware then Compare it to your own State for Best Awareness.

Why Corporations Web

We'd imagine you'd consider Delaware and your own State as a start point for comparisons. Your own State since you can better interact with the Laws, Rule Making and Decision Making where you are based - but that's a practical thought not based on Legal Reasoning and you should seek Legal Counsel on the Strategic Legal Decisions. Where decisions are reached it's good to ask why for understanding: where there is a good reason it will be based on an argument built on facts.

You can learn more about Delaware Corps at http://corp.delaware.gov/ your individual state incorporation guidelines will be found at the Secretary of State Level as a general point of reference.

DCarsonCPA.com your link to Accounting, Tax, Advisory, Compliance, Financial Analysis Services and Related Research. We work to support Government, Industry, Non Profits and Individuals on Services driven knowledge in a Business Model built on hands on experience and adept with Research for continuous learning and updates in support of Financial Decision Makers. Reach us at info@dcarsoncpa.com or link to www.dcarsoncpa.com.

US DOJ / USTP - Summary of 2010 Chapter 7 Cases Closed

2012-05-17T18:53:00.004-07:00

Today in Analysis - Summary of 2010 Chapter 7 Cases Closed presented as Gross Reciepts = Disbursements and Fees Paid:

Gross Reciepts:          $2.3213 Bn

Distibutions:                (1.4694) Bn          63%

Fees Paid :                       (.8519) Bn (*)   37%

Distributed + Paid         $2.3213 Bn

(*) Trustee, Legal, Accounting, Admin et al details below.

Summary of 2010 Chapter 7 Cases

DCarsonCPA.com connecting the line on Government, Business, Non Profit and Individual Financial Decision Making that is supported by Accounting, Taxes, Advisory and other related professional financial services. Informing and Educating on the Connecting Points of Financial Decision Making that define Accounting and Compliance at work in the Nation. We work with knowledge, experience, teamwork and research to support Financial Decision Making and related analysis. Find us at www.dcarsoncpa.com or e-mail info@dcarsoncpa.com .

April 2012 - US Economic Report

2012-04-11T12:41:00.000-07:00

Today the US Government Released the April 2011 Beige Book:

Look within to get the current Report on the State of Our National Economy.

Fullreport20120411 Beige Book

DCarsonCPA.com for your Accounting, Taxes, Advisory, Audit and related needs on Business, Non Profit and Individual Financials. We work with Industry knowledge from Financial Services and General Business experience along with skills on Government and Industry Research to bring wide ranging expertise to Client Services needs. We work with efficient teams that can cover a wide range of needs and partner to meet your needs in ways that work for your Finances in Economically Competitive times. Reach us at info@dcarsoncpa.com

The Net Capital Rule § 240.15c3-1 : Net capital requirements for brokers or dealers.

2012-03-21T13:02:00.009-07:00

At the Connecting line on Broker-Dealers and Regulation looking at Rules on Capital Adequacy:

One key SEC Rule is The "Net Capital Rule" :

Note: Citation as of 3/21/12 - ALL SEC Laws and Rules subject to change and update and you MUST confirm as filing or relying. For Best Results in Legal Analysis it is recommended that you consult with an Attorney. There is generally a connecting line between Regulation and corresponding Accounting and Financial Reporting, Tax and Compliance Responsibilities, we follow that line to meet Clients at the connecting intercepts of Regulations and corresponding Accounting, Financial and Regulatory Reporting, Tax and Compliance responsibilities.

§ 240.15c3-1 Net capital requirements for brokers or dealers.

(a) Every broker or dealer shall at all times have and maintain net capital no less than the greater of the highest minimum requirement applicable to its ratio requirement under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, or to any of its activities under paragraph (a)(2) of this section. In lieu of applying paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section, an OTC derivatives dealer shall maintain net capital pursuant to paragraph (a)(5) of this section. Each broker or dealer also shall comply with the supplemental requirements of paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(9) of this section, to the extent either paragraph is applicable to its activities. In addition, a broker or dealer shall maintain net capital of not less than its own net capital requirement plus the sum of each broker's or dealer's subsidiary or affiliate minimum net capital requirements, which is consolidated pursuant to appendix C, §240.15c3–1c.

Ratio Requirements

Aggregate Indebtedness Standard

(1)(i) No broker or dealer, other than one that elects the provisions of paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section, shall permit its aggregate indebtedness to all other persons to exceed 1500 percent of its net capital (or 800 percent of its net capital for 12 months after commencing business as a broker or dealer).

Alternative Standard

(ii) A broker or dealer may elect not to be subject to the Aggregate Indebtedness Standard of paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. That broker or dealer shall not permit its net capital to be less than the greater of $250,000 or 2 percent of aggregate debit items computed in accordance with the Formula for Determination of Reserve Requirements for Brokers and Dealers (Exhibit A to Rule 15c3–3, §240.15c3–3a). Such broker or dealer shall notify its Examining Authority, in writing, of its election to operate under this paragraph (a)(1)(ii). Once a broker or dealer has notified its Examining Authority, it shall continue to operate under this paragraph unless a change is approved upon application to the Commission. A broker or dealer that elects this standard and is not exempt from Rule 15c3–3 shall:

(A) Make the computation required by §240.15c3–3(e) and set forth in Exhibit A, §240.15c3–3a, on a weekly basis and, in lieu of the 1 percent reduction of certain debit items required by Note E (3) in the computation of its Exhibit A requirement, reduce aggregate debit items in such computation by 3 percent;

(B) Include in Items 7 and 8 of Exhibit A, §240.15c3–3a, the market value of items specified therein more than 7 business days old;

(C) Exclude credit balances in accounts representing amounts payable for securities not yet received from the issuer or its agent which securities are specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(vi) (A) and (E) of this section and any related debit items from the Exhibit A requirement for 3 business days; and

(D) Deduct from net worth in computing net capital 1 percent of the contract value of all failed to deliver contracts or securities borrowed that were allocated to failed to receive contracts of the same issue and which thereby were excluded from Items 11 or 12 of Exhibit A, §240.15c3–3a.

Futures Commission Merchants

(iii) No broker or dealer registered as a futures commission merchant shall permit its net capital to be less than the greater of its requirement under paragraph (a)(1) (i) or (ii) of this section, or 4 percent of the funds required to be segregated pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder (less the market value of commodity options purchased by option customers on or subject to the rules of a contract market, each such deduction not to exceed the amount of funds in the customer's account).

Minimum Requirements

See Appendix E (§240.15c3–1E) for temporary minimum requirements.

Brokers or Dealers That Carry Customer Accounts

(2)(i) A broker or dealer (other than one described in paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) or (a)(8) of this section) shall maintain net capital of not less than $250,000 if it carries customer or broker or dealer accounts and receives or holds funds or securities for those persons. A broker or dealer shall be deemed to receive funds, or to carry customer or broker or dealer accounts and to receive funds from those persons if, in connection with its activities as a broker or dealer, it receives checks, drafts, or other evidences of indebtedness made payable to itself or persons other than the requisite registered broker or dealer carrying the account of a customer, escrow agent, issuer, underwriter, sponsor, or other distributor of securities. A broker or dealer shall be deemed to hold securities for, or to carry customer or broker or dealer accounts, and hold securities of, those persons if it does not promptly forward or promptly deliver all of the securities of customers or of other brokers or dealers received by the firm in connection with its activities as a broker or dealer. A broker or dealer, without complying with this paragraph (a)(2)(i), may receive securities only if its activities conform with the provisions of paragraphs (a)(2) (iv) or (v) of this section, and may receive funds only in connection with the activities described in paragraph (a)(2)(v) of this section.

(ii) A broker or dealer that is exempt from the provisions of §240.15c3–3 pursuant to paragraph (k)(2)(i) thereof shall maintain net capital of not less than $100,000.

Dealers

(iii) A dealer shall maintain net capital of not less than $100,000. For the purposes of this section, the term “dealer” includes:

(A) Any broker or dealer that endorses or writes options otherwise than on a registered national securities exchange or a facility of a registered national securities association; and

(B) Any broker or dealer that effects more than ten transactions in any one calendar year for its own investment account. This section shall not apply to those persons engaging in activities described in paragraphs (a)(2)(v), (a)(2)(vi) or (a)(8) of this section, or to those persons whose underwriting activities are limited solely to acting as underwriters in best efforts or all or none underwritings in conformity with paragraph (b)(2) of §240.15c2–4, so long as those persons engage in no other dealer activities.

Brokers or Dealers That Introduce Customer Accounts And Receive Securities

(iv) A broker or dealer shall maintain net capital of not less than $50,000 if it introduces transactions and accounts of customers or other brokers or dealers to another registered broker or dealer that carries such accounts on a fully disclosed basis, and if the broker or dealer receives but does not hold customer or other broker or dealer securities. A broker or dealer operating under this paragraph (a)(2)(iv) of this section may participate in a firm commitment underwriting without being subject to the provisions of paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section, but may not enter into a commitment for the purchase of shares related to that underwriting.

Brokers or Dealers Engaged in the Sale of Redeemable Shares of Registered Investment Companies and Certain Other Share Accounts

(v) A broker or dealer shall maintain net capital of not less than $25,000 if it acts as a broker or dealer with respect to the purchase, sale and redemption of redeemable shares of registered investment companies or of interests or participations in an insurance company separate account directly from or to the issuer on other than a subscription way basis. A broker or dealer operating under this section may sell securities for the account of a customer to obtain funds for the immediate reinvestment in redeemable securities of registered investment companies. A broker or dealer operating under this paragraph (a)(2)(v) must promptly transmit all funds and promptly deliver all securities received in connection with its activities as a broker or dealer, and may not otherwise hold funds or securities for, or owe money or securities to, customers.

Other Brokers or Dealers

(vi) A broker or dealer that does not receive, directly or indirectly, or hold funds or securities for, or owe funds or securities to, customers and does not carry accounts of, or for, customers and does not engage in any of the activities described in paragraphs (a)(2) (i) through (v) of this section shall maintain net capital of not less than $5,000. A broker or dealer operating under this paragraph may engage in the following dealer activities without being subject to the requirements of paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section:

(A) In the case of a buy order, prior to executing such customer's order, it purchases as principal the same number of shares or purchases shares to accumulate the number of shares necessary to complete the order, which shall be cleared through another registered broker or dealer or

(B) In the case of a sell order, prior to executing such customer's order, it sells as principal the same number of shares or a portion thereof, which shall be cleared through another registered broker or dealer.

(3) [Reserved]

Capital Requirements for Market Makers

(4) A broker or dealer engaged in activities as a market maker as defined in paragraph (c)(8) of this section shall maintain net capital in an amount not less than $2,500 for each security in which it makes a market (unless a security in which it makes a market has a market value of $5 or less, in which event the amount of net capital shall be not less than $1,000 for each such security) based on the average number of such markets made by such broker or dealer during the 30 days immediately preceding the computation date. Under no circumstances shall it have net capital less than that required by the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, or be required to maintain net capital of more than $1,000,000 unless required by paragraph (a) of this section.

(5) In accordance with appendix F to this section (§240.15c3–1f), the Commission may grant an application by an OTC derivatives dealer when calculating net capital to use the market risk standards of appendix F as to some or all of its positions in lieu of the provisions of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section and the credit risk standards of appendix F to its receivables (including counterparty net exposure) arising from transactions in eligible OTC derivative instruments in lieu of the requirements of paragraph (c)(2)(iv) of this section. An OTC derivatives dealer shall at all times maintain tentative net capital of not less than $100 million and net capital of not less than $20 million.

Market Makers, Specialists and Certain Other Dealers

(6)(i) A dealer who meets the conditions of paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section may elect to operate under this paragraph (a)(6) and thereby not apply, except to the extent required by this paragraph (a)(6), the provisions of paragraphs (c)(2)(vi) or appendix A (§240.15c3–1a) of this section to market maker and specialist transactions and, in lieu thereof, apply thereto the provisions of paragraph (a)(6)(iii) of this section.

(ii) This paragraph (a)(6) shall be available to a dealer who does not effect transactions with other than brokers or dealers, who does not carry customer accounts, who does not effect transactions in options not listed on a registered national securities exchange or facility of a registered national securities association, and whose market maker or specialist transactions are effected through and carried in a market maker or specialist account cleared by another broker or dealer as provided in paragraph (a)(6)(iv) of this section.

(iii) A dealer who elects to operate pursuant to this paragraph (a)(6) shall at all times maintain a liquidating equity in respect of securities positions in his market maker or specialist account at least equal to:

(A) An amount equal to 25 percent (5 percent in the case of exempted securities) of the market value of the long positions and 30 percent of the market value of the short positions; provided, however, in the case of long or short positions in options and long or short positions in securities other than options which relate to a bona fide hedged position as defined in paragraph (c)(2)(x)(C) of this section, such amount shall equal the deductions in respect of such positions specified by paragraph (c)(2)(x)(A) ( 1 ) through ( 9 ) of this section.

(B) Such lesser requirement as may be approved by the Commission under specified terms and conditions upon written application of the dealer and the carrying broker or dealer.

(C) For purposes of this paragraph (a)(6)(iii), equity in such specialist or market maker account shall be computed by ( 1 ) marking all securities positions long or short in the account to their respective current market values, ( 2 ) adding (deducting in the case of a debit balance) the credit balance carried in such specialist or market maker account, and ( 3 ) adding (deducting in the case of short positions) the market value of positions long in such account.

(iv) The dealer shall obtain from the broker or dealer carrying the market maker or specialist account a written undertaking which shall be designated “Notice Pursuant to §240.15c3–1(a)(6) of Intention to Carry Specialist or Market Maker Account.” Said undertaking shall contain the representations required by paragraph (a)(6) of this section and shall be filed with the Commission's Washington, DC, Office, the regional office of the Commission for the region in which the broker or dealer has its principal place of business and the Designated Examining Authorities of both firms prior to effecting any transactions in said account. The broker or dealer carrying such account:

(A) Shall mark the account to the market not less than daily and shall issue appropriate calls for additional equity which shall be met by noon of the following business day;

(B) Shall notify by telegraph the Commission and the Designated Examining Authorities pursuant to 17 CFR 240.17a–11, if the market maker or specialist fails to deposit any required equity within the time prescribed in paragraph (a)(6)(iv)(A) of this section; said telegraphic notice shall be received by the Commission and the Designated Examining Authorities not later than the close of business on the day said call is not met;

(C) Shall not extend further credit in the account if the equity in the account falls below that prescribed in paragraph (a)(6)(iii) of this section, and

(D) Shall take steps to liquidate promptly existing positions in the account in the event of a failure to meet a call for equity.

(v) No such carrying broker or dealer shall permit the sum of (A) the deductions required by paragraph (c)(2)(x)(A) of this section in respect of all transactions in market maker accounts guaranteed, indorsed or carried by such broker or dealer pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(x) of this section and (B) the equity required by paragraph (iii) of this paragraph (a)(6) in respect of all transactions in the accounts of specialists of market makers in options carried by such broker or dealer pursuant to this paragraph (a)(6) to exceed 1,000 percent of such broker's or dealer's net capital as defined in paragraph (c)(2) of this section for any period exceeding five business days; Provided, That solely for purposes of this paragraph (a)(6)(v), deductions or equity required in a specialist or market maker account in respect of positions in fully paid securities (other than options), which do not underlie options listed on the national securities exchange or facility of a national securities association of which the specialist or market marker is a member, need not be recognized. Provided further, That if at any time such sum exceeds 1,000 percent of such broker's or dealer's net capital, then the broker or dealer shall immediately transmit telegraphic notice of such event to the principal office of the Commission in Washington, DC, the regional office of the Commission for the region in which the broker or dealer maintains its principal place of business, and such broker's or dealer's Designated Examining Authority. Provided further, That if at any time such sum exceeds 1,000 percent of such broker's or dealer's net capital, then such broker or dealer shall be subject to the prohibitions against withdrawal of equity capital set forth in paragraph (e) of this section, and to the prohibitions against reduction, prepayment and repayment of subordination agreements set forth in paragraph (b)(11) of §240.15c3–1d, as if such broker or dealer's net capital were below the minimum standards specified by each of the aforementioned paragraphs.

Alternative Net Capital Computation for Broker-Dealers That Elect To Be Supervised on a Consolidated Basis

(7) In accordance with Appendix E to this section (§240.15c3–1e), the Commission may approve, in whole or in part, an application or an amendment to an application by a broker or dealer to calculate net capital using the market risk standards of appendix E to compute a deduction for market risk on some or all of its positions, instead of the provisions of paragraphs (c)(2)(vi) and (c)(2)(vii) of this section, and using the credit risk standards of Appendix E to compute a deduction for credit risk on certain credit exposures arising from transactions in derivatives instruments, instead of the provisions of paragraph (c)(2)(iv) of this section, subject to any conditions or limitations on the broker or dealer the Commission may require as necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors. A broker or dealer that has been approved to calculate its net capital under appendix E must:

(i) At all times maintain tentative net capital of not less than $1 billion and net capital of not less than $500 million;

(ii) Provide notice that same day in accordance with §240.17a–11(g) if the broker's or dealer's tentative net capital is less than $5 billion. The Commission may, upon written application, lower the threshold at which notification is necessary under this paragraph (a)(7)(ii), either unconditionally or on specified terms and conditions, if a broker or dealer satisfies the Commission that notification at the $5 billion threshold is unnecessary because of, among other factors, the special nature of its business, its financial position, its internal risk management system, or its compliance history; and

(iii) Comply with §240.15c3–4 as though it were an OTC derivatives dealer with respect to all of its business activities, except that paragraphs (c)(5)(xiii), (c)(5)(xiv), (d)(8), and (d)(9) of §240.15c3–4 shall not apply.

(8) Municipal securities brokers' brokers. (i) A municipal securities brokers' brokers, as defined in subsection (ii) of this paragraph (a)(8), may elect not to be subject to the limitations of paragraph (c)(2)(ix) of this section provided that such brokers' broker complies with the requirements set out in paragraphs (a)(8) (iii), (iv) and (v) of this section.

(ii) The term municipal securities brokers' broker shall mean a municipal securities broker or dealer who acts exclusively as an undisclosed agent in the purchase or sale of municipal securities for a registered broker or dealer or registered municipal securities dealer, who has no “customers” as defined in this rule and who does not have or maintain any municipal securities in its proprietary or other accounts.

(iii) In order to qualify to operate under this paragraph (a)(8), a brokers' broker shall at all times have and maintain net capital of not less than $150,000.

(iv) For purposes of this paragraph (a)(8), a brokers' broker shall deduct from net worth 1% of the contract value of each municipal failed to deliver contract which is outstanding 21 business days or longer. Such deduction shall be increased by any excess of the contract price of the fail to deliver over the market value of the underlying security.

(v) For purposes of this paragraph (a)(8), a brokers' broker may exclude from its aggregate indebtedness computation indebtedness adequately collateralized by municipal securities outstanding for not more than one business day and offset by municipal securities failed to deliver of the same issue and quantity. In no event may a brokers' broker exclude any overnight bank loan attributable to the same municipal securities failed to deliver contract for more than one business day. A brokers' broker need not deduct from net worth the amount by which the market value of securities failed to receive outstanding longer than thirty (30) calendar days exceeds the contract value of those failed to receive as required by Rule 15c3–1(c)(2)(iv)(E).

Certain Additional Capital Requirements for Brokers or Dealers Engaging in Reverse Repurchase Agreements

(9) A broker or dealer shall maintain net capital in addition to the amounts required under paragraph (a) of this section in an amount equal to 10 percent of:

(i) The excess of the market value of United States Treasury Bills, Bonds and Notes subject to reverse repurchase agreements with any one party over 105 percent of the contract prices (including accrued interest) for reverse repurchase agreements with that party;

(ii) The excess of the market value of securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by an agency of the United States or mortgage related securities as defined in section 3(a)(41) of the Act subject to reverse repurchase agreements with any one party over 110 percent of the contract prices (including accrued interest) for reverse repurchase agreements with that party; and

(iii) The excess of the market value of other securities subject to reverse repurchase agreements with any one party over 120 percent of the contract prices (including accrued interest) for reverse repurchase agreements with that party.

(b) Exemptions:

(1) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any specialist:

(i) Whose securities business, except for an occasional non-specialist related securities transaction for its own account, is limited to that of acting as an options market maker on a national securities exchange;

(ii) That is a member in good standing and subject to the capital requirements of a national securities exchange;

(iii) That does not transact a business in securities with other than a broker or dealer registered with the Commission under section 15 or section 15C of the Act or a member of a national securities exchange; and

(iv) That is not a clearing member of The Options Clearing Corporation and whose securities transactions are effected through and carried in an account cleared by another broker or dealer registered with the Commission under section 15 of the Act.

(2) A member in good standing of a national securities exchange who acts as a floor broker (and whose activities do not require compliance with other provisions of this rule), may elect to comply, in lieu of the other provisions of this section, with the following financial responsibility standard: The value of the exchange membership of the member (based on the lesser of the most recent sale price or current bid price for an exchange membership) is not less than $15,000, or an amount equal to the excess of $15,000 over the value of the exchange membership is held by an independent agent in escrow: Provided, That the rules of such exchange require that the proceeds from the sale of the exchange membership of the member and the amount held in escrow pursuant to this paragraph shall be subject to the prior claims of the exchange and its clearing corporation and those arising directly from the closing out of contracts entered into on the floor of such exchanges.

(3) The Commission may, upon written application, exempt from the provisions of this section, either unconditionally or on specified terms and conditions, any broker or dealer who satisfies the Commission that, because of the special nature of its business, its financial position, and the safeguards it has established for the protection of customers' funds and securities, it is not necessary in the public interest or for the protection of investors to subject the particular broker or dealer to the provisions of this section.

(c) Definitions. For the purpose of this section:

Aggregate Indebtedness

(1) The term aggregate indebtedness shall be deemed to mean the total money liabilities of a broker or dealer arising in connection with any transaction whatsoever and includes, among other things, money borrowed, money payable against securities loaned and securities “failed to receive,” the market value of securities borrowed to the extent to which no equivalent value is paid or credited (other than the market value of margin securities borrowed from customers in accordance with the provisions of 17 CFR 240.15c3–3 and margin securities borrowed from non-customers), customers' and non-customers' free credit balances, credit balances in customers' and non-customers' accounts having short positions in securities, equities in customers' and non-customers' future commodities accounts and credit balances in customers' and non-customers' commodities accounts, but excluding:

Exclusions From Aggregate Indebtedness

(i) Indebtedness adequately collateralized by securities which are carried long by the broker or dealer and which have not been sold or by securities which collateralize a secured demand note pursuant to appendix D to this section 17 CFR 240.15c3–1d; indebtedness adequately collateralized by spot commodities which are carried long by the broker or dealer and which have not been sold; or, until October 1, 1976, indebtedness adequately collateralized by municipal securities outstanding for not more than one business day and offset by municipal securities failed to deliver of the same issue and quantity, where such indebtedness is incurred by a broker or dealer effecting transactions solely in municipal securities who is either registered with the Commission or temporarily exempt from such registration pursuant to 17 CFR 240.15a–1(T) or 17 CFR 240.15Ba2–3(T);

(ii) Amounts payable against securities loaned, which securities are carried long by the broker or dealer and which have not been sold or which securities collateralize a secured demand note pursuant to Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c)

(iii) Amounts payable against securities failed to receive which securities are carried long by the broker or dealer and which have not been sold or which securities collateralize a secured demand note pursuant to Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d) or amounts payable against securities failed to receive for which the broker or dealer also has a receivable related to securities of the same issue and quantity thereof which are either fails to deliver or securities borrowed by the broker or dealer;

(iv) Credit balances in accounts representing amounts payable for securities or money market instruments not yet received from the issuer or its agent which securities are specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(E) and which amounts are outstanding in such accounts not more than three (3) business days;

(v) Equities in customers' and non-customers' accounts segregated in accordance with the provisions of the Commodity Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder;

(vi) Liability reserves established and maintained for refunds of charges required by section 27(d) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, but only to the extent of amounts on deposit in a segregated trust account in accordance with 17 CFR 270.27d–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940;

(vii) Amounts payable to the extent funds and qualified securities are required to be on deposit and are deposited in a “Special Reserve Bank Account for the Exclusive Benefit of Customers” pursuant to 17 CFR 240.15c3–3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;

(viii) Fixed liabilities adequately secured by assets acquired for use in the ordinary course of the trade or business of a broker or dealer but no other fixed liabilities secured by assets of the broker or dealer shall be so excluded unless the sole recourse of the creditor for nonpayment of such liability is to such asset;

(ix) Liabilities on open contractual commitments;

(x) Indebtedness subordinated to the claims of creditors pursuant to a satisfactory subordination agreement, as defined in Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d);

(xi) Liabilities which are effectively subordinated to the claims of creditors (but which are not subject to a satisfactory subordination agreement as defined in Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d)) by non-customers of the broker or dealer prior to such subordination, except such subordinations by customers as may be approved by the Examining Authority for such broker or dealer;

(xii) Credit balances in accounts of general partners;

(xiii) Deferred tax liabilities;

(xiv) Eighty-five percent of amounts payable to a registered investment company related to fail to deliver receivables of the same quantity arising out of purchases of shares of those registered investment companies; and

(xv) Eighty-five percent of amounts payable against securities loaned for which the broker or dealer has receivables related to securities of the same class and issue and quantity that are securities borrowed by the broker or dealer.

Net Capital

(2) The term net capital shall be deemed to mean the net worth of a broker or dealer, adjusted by:

(i) Adjustments to net worth related to unrealized profit or loss and deferred tax provisions. (A) Adding unrealized profits (or deducting unrealized losses) in the accounts of the broker or dealer;

(B)( 1 ) In determining net worth, all long and all short positions in listed options shall be marked to their market value and all long and all short securities and commodities positions shall be marked to their market value.

( 2 ) In determining net worth, the value attributed to any unlisted option shall be the difference between the option's exercise value and the market value of the underlying security. In the case of an unlisted call, if the market value of the underlying security is less than the exercise value of such call it shall be given no value and in the case of an unlisted put if the market value of the underlying security is more than the exercise value of the unlisted put it shall be given no value.

(C) Adding to net worth the lesser of any deferred income tax liability related to the items in ( 1 ), ( 2 ), and ( 3 ) below, or the sum of ( 1 ), ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) below;

( 1 ) The aggregate amount resulting from applying to the amount of the deductions computed in accordance with paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section and Appendices A and B, §240.15c3–1a and 240.15c3–1b, the appropriate Federal and State tax rate(s) applicable to any unrealized gain on the asset on which the deduction was computed;

( 2 ) Any deferred tax liability related to income accrued which is directly related to an asset otherwise deducted pursuant to this section;

( 3 ) Any deferred tax liability related to unrealized appreciation in value of any asset(s) which has been otherwise deducted from net worth in accordance with the provisions of this section; and,

(D) Adding, in the case of future income tax benefits arising as a result of unrealized losses, the amount of such benefits not to exceed the amount of income tax liabilities accrued on the books and records of the broker or dealer, but only to the extent such benefits could have been applied to reduce accrued tax liabilities on the date of the capital computation, had the related unrealized losses been realized on that date.

(E) Adding to net worth any actual tax liability related to income accrued which is directly related to an asset otherwise deducted pursuant to this section.

(ii) Subordinated Liabilities. Excluding liabilities of the broker or dealer which are subordinated to the claims of creditors pursuant to a satisfactory subordination agreement, as defined in Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d).

(iii) Sole Proprietors. Deducting, in the case of a broker or dealer who is a sole proprietor, the excess of liabilities which have not been incurred in the course of business as a broker or dealer over assets not used in the business.

(iv) Assets Not Readily Convertible Into Cash. Deducting fixed assets and assets which cannot be readily converted into cash (less any indebtedness excluded in accordance with subdivision (c)(1)(viii) of this section) including, among other things:

(A) Fixed Assets and Prepaid Items. Real estate; furniture and fixtures; exchange memberships; prepaid rent, insurance and other expenses; goodwill, organization expenses;

Certain Unsecured and Partly Secured Receivables

(B) All unsecured advances and loans; deficits in customers' and non-customers' unsecured and partly secured notes; deficits in special omnibus accounts maintained in compliance with the requirements of 12 CFR 220.10 of Regulation T under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or similar accounts carried on behalf of another broker or dealer, after application of calls for margin, marks to the market or other required deposits that are outstanding 5 business days or less; deficits in customers' and non-customers' unsecured and partly secured accounts after application of calls for margin, marks to the market or other required deposits that are outstanding 5 business days or less, except deficits in cash accounts as defined in 12 CFR 220.8 of Regulation T under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for which not more than one extension respecting a specified securities transaction has been requested and granted, and deducting for securities carried in any of such accounts the percentages specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A (§240.15c3–1a); the market value of stock loaned in excess of the value of any collateral received therefor; receivables arising out of free shipments of securities (other than mutual fund redemptions) in excess of $5,000 per shipment and all free shipments (other than mutual fund redemptions) outstanding more than 7 business days, and mutual fund redemptions outstanding more than 16 business days; any collateral deficiencies in secured demand notes as defined in Appendix D (§240.15c3–1d);

(C) Interest receivable, floor brokerage receivable, commissions receivable from other brokers or dealers (other than syndicate profits which shall be treated as required in paragraph (c)(2)(iv)(E) of this section), mutual fund concessions receivable and management fees receivable from registered investment companies, all of which receivables are outstanding longer than thirty (30) days from the date they arise; dividends receivable outstanding longer than thirty (30) days from the payable date; good faith deposits arising in connection with a non-municipal securities underwriting, outstanding longer than eleven (11) business days from the settlement of the underwriting with the issuer; receivables due from participation in municipal securities underwriting syndicates and municipal securities joint underwriting accounts which are outstanding longer than sixty (60) days from settlement of the underwriting with the issuer and good faith deposits arising in connection with an underwriting of municipal securities, outstanding longer than sixty (60) days from settlement of the underwriting with the issuer; and receivables due from participation in municipal securities secondary trading joint accounts, which are outstanding longer than sixty (60) days from the date all securities have been delivered by the account manager to the account members;

(D) Insurance Claims. Insurance claims which, after seven (7) business days from the date the loss giving rise to the claim is discovered, are not covered by an opinion of outside counsel that the claim is valid and is covered by insurance policies presently in effect; insurance claims which after twenty (20) business days from the date the loss giving rise to the claim is discovered and which are accompanied by an opinion of outside counsel described above, have not been acknowledged in writing by the insurance carrier as due and payable; and insurance claims acknowledged in writing by the carrier as due and payable outstanding longer than twenty (20) business days from the date they are so acknowledged by the carrier; and,

(E) Other Deductions. All other unsecured receivables; all assets doubtful of collection less any reserves established therefor; the amount by which the market value of securities failed to receive outstanding longer than thirty (30) calendar days exceeds the contract value of such fails to receive, and the funds on deposit in a “segregated trust account” in accordance with 17 CFR 270.27d–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, but only to the extent that the amount on deposit in such segregated trust account exceeds the amount of liability reserves established and maintained for refunds of charges required by sections 27(d) and 27(f) of the Investment Company Act of 1940; Provided, That any amount deposited in the “Special Reserve Bank Account for the Exclusive Benefit of Customers” established pursuant to 17 CFR 240.15c3–3 and clearing deposits shall not be so deducted.

(F)( 1 ) For purposes of this paragraph:

( i ) The term reverse repurchase agreement deficit shall mean the difference between the contract price for resale of the securities under a reverse repurchase agreement and the market value of those securities (if less than the contract price).

( ii ) The term repurchase agreement deficit shall mean the difference between the market value of securities subject to the repurchase agreement and the contract price for repurchase of the securities (if less than the market value of the securities).

( iii ) As used in paragraph (c)(2)(iv)(F)( 1 ) of this section, the term contract price shall include accrued interest.

( iv ) Reverse repurchase agreement deficits and the repurchase agreement deficits where the counterparty is the Federal Reserve Bank of New York shall be disregarded.

( 2 )( i ) In the case of a reverse repurchase agreement, the deduction shall be equal to the reverse repurchase agreement deficit.

( ii ) In determining the required deductions under paragraph (c)(2)(iv)(F)( 2 )( i ) of this section, the broker or dealer may reduce the reverse repurchase agreement deficit by:

( A ) Any margin or other deposits held by the broker or dealer on account of the reverse repurchase agreement;

( B ) Any excess market value of the securities over the contract price for resale of those securities under any other reverse repurchase agreement with the same party;

( C ) The difference between the contract price for resale and the market value of securities subject to repurchase agreements with the same party (if the market value of those securities is less than the contract price); and

( D ) Calls for margin, marks to the market, or other required deposits which are outstanding one business day or less.

( 3 ) ( i ) In the case of repurchase agreements, the deduction shall be:

( A ) The excess of the repurchase agreement deficit over 5 percent of the contract price for resale of United States Treasury Bills, Notes and Bonds, 10 percent of the contract price for the resale of securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by an agency of the United States or mortgage related securities as defined in section 3(a)(41) of the Act and 20 percent of the contract price for the resale of other securities and;

( B ) The excess of the aggregate repurchase agreement deficits with any one party over 25 percent of the broker or dealer's net capital before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section (less any deduction taken with respect to repurchase agreements with that party under paragraph (c)(2)(iv)(F)( 3 )( i )( A ) of this section) or, if greater;

( C ) The excess of the aggregate repurchase agreement deficits over 300 percent of the broker's or dealer's net capital before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section.

( ii ) In determining the required deduction under paragraph (c)(2)(iv)(F)( 3 )( i ) of this section, the broker or dealer may reduce a repurchase agreement deficit by:

( A ) Any margin or other deposits held by the broker or dealer on account of a reverse repurchase agreement with the same party to the extent not otherwise used to reduce a reverse repurchase deficit;

( B ) The difference between the contract price and the market value of securities subject to other repurchase agreements with the same party (if the market value of those securities is less than the contract price) not otherwise used to reduce a reverse repurchase agreement deficit; and

( C ) Calls for margin, marks to the market, or other required deposits which are outstanding one business day or less to the extent not otherwise used to reduce a reverse repurchase agreement deficit.

(G) Securities borrowed. 1 percent of the market value of securities borrowed collateralized by an irrevocable letter of credit.

(H) Any receivable from an affiliate of the broker or dealer (not otherwise deducted from net worth) and the market value of any collateral given to an affiliate (not otherwise deducted from net worth) to secure a liability over the amount of the liability of the broker or dealer unless the books and records of the affiliate are made available for examination when requested by the representatives of the Commission or the Examining Authority for the broker or dealer in order to demonstrate the validity of the receivable or payable. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply where the affiliate is a registered broker or dealer, registered government securities broker or dealer or bank as defined in section 3(a)(6) of the Act or insurance company as defined in section 3(a)(19) of the Act or investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or federally insured savings and loan association or futures commission merchant registered pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act.

(v)(A) Deducting the market value of all short securities differences (which shall include securities positions reflected on the securities record which are not susceptible to either count or confirmation) unresolved after discovery in accordance with the following schedule:

Differences1 Numbers of business days after discovery
25 percent 7
50 percent 14
75 percent 21
100 percent 28

1Percentage of market value of short securities differences.

(B) Deducting the market value of any long securities differences, where such securities have been sold by the broker or dealer before they are adequately resolved, less any reserves established therefor;

(C) The designated examining authority for a broker or dealer may extend the periods in (v)(A) of this section for up to 10 business days if it finds that exceptional circumstances warrant an extension.

Securities Haircuts

(vi) Deducting the percentages specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(vi) (A) through (M) of this section (or the deductions prescribed for securities positions set forth in Appendix A (§240.15c3–1a) of the market value of all securities, money market instruments or options in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer.

(A)( 1 ) In the case of a security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the United States or any agency thereof, the applicable percentages of the market value of the net long or short position in each of the categories specified below are:

Category 1

( i ) Less than 3 months to maturity—0 percent.

( ii ) 3 months but less than 6 months to maturity—1/2of 1 percent.

( iii ) 6 months but less than 9 months to maturity—3/4of 1 percent.

( iv ) 9 months but less than 12 months to maturity—1 percent.

Category 2

( i ) 1 year but less than 2 years to maturity—11/2percent.

( ii ) 2 years but less than 3 years to maturity—2 percent.

Category 3

( i ) 3 years but less than 5 years to maturity—3%.

( ii ) 5 years but less than 10 years to maturity—4%.

Category 4

( i ) 10 years but less than 15 years to maturity—41/2%.

( ii ) 15 years but less than 20 years to maturity—5%.

( iii ) 20 years but less than 25 years to maturity—51/2%.

( iv ) 25 years or more to maturity—6%.

Brokers or dealers shall compute a deduction for each category above as follows: Compute the deductions for the net long or short positions in each subcategory above. The deduction for the category shall be the net of the aggregate deductions on the long positions and the aggregate deductions on the short positions in each category plus 50% of the lesser of the aggregate deductions on the long or short positions.

( 2 ) A broker or dealer may elect to deduct, in lieu of the computation required under paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A)( 1 ) of this section, the applicable percentages of the market value of the net long or short positions in each of the subcategories specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A)( 1 ) of this section.

( 3 ) In computing deductions under paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A)( 1 ) of this section, a broker or dealer may elect to exclude the market value of a long or short security from one category and a security from another category, Provided, That:

( i ) Such securities have maturity dates:

( A ) Between 9 months and 15 months and within 3 months of one another.

( B ) Between 2 years and 4 years and within 1 year of one another; or

( C ) Between 8 years and 12 years and within 2 years of one another.

( ii ) The net market value of the two excluded securities shall remain in the category of the security with the higher market value.

( 4 ) In computing deductions under paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A)( 1 ) of this section, a broker or dealer may include in the categories specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A)( 1 ) of this section, long or short positions in securities issued by the United States or any agency thereof that are deliverable against long or short positions in futures contracts relating to Government securities, traded on a recognized contract market approved by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which are held in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer. The value of the long or short positions included in the categories shall be determined by the contract value of the futures contract held in the account. The provisions of Appendix B to Rule 15c3–1 (17 CFR 240.15c3–1b) will in any event apply to the positions in futures contracts.

( 5 ) In the case of a Government securities dealer that reports to the Federal Reserve System, that transacts business directly with the Federal Reserve System, and that maintains at all times a minimum net capital of at least $50,000,000, before application of the deductions provided for in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section, the deduction for a security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the United States or any agency thereof shall be 75 percent of the deduction otherwise computed under paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A) of this section.

(B)( 1 ) In the case of any municipal security which has a scheduled maturity at date of issue of 731 days or less and which is issued at par value and pays interest at maturity, or which is issued at a discount, and which is not traded flat or in default as to principal or interest, the applicable percentages of the market value on the greater of the long or short position in each of the categories specified below are:

( i ) Less than 30 days to maturity—0%.

( ii ) 30 days but less than 91 days to maturity—1/8of 1%.

( iii ) 91 days but less than 181 days to maturity—1/4of 1%.

( iv ) 181 days but less than 271 days to maturity—3/8of 1%.

( v ) 271 days but less than 366 days to maturity—1/2of 1%.

( vi ) 366 days but less than 456 days to maturity—3/4of 1%.

( vii ) 456 days but less than 732 days to maturity—1%.

( 2 ) In the case of any municipal security, other than those specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(B)( 1 ), which is not traded flat or in default as to principal or interest, the applicable percentages of the market value of the greater of the long or short position in each of the categories specified below are:

( i ) Less than 1 year to maturity—1%.

( ii ) 1 year but less than 2 years to maturity—2%.

( iii ) 2 years but less than 31/2years to maturity—3%.

( iv ) 31/2years but less than 5 years to maturity—4%.

( v ) 5 years but less than 7 years to maturity—5%.

( vi ) 7 years but less than 10 years to maturity—51/2%.

( vii ) 10 years but less than 15 years to maturity—6%.

( viii ) 15 years but less than 20 years to maturity—61/2%.

( ix ) 20 years or more to maturity—7%.

(C) Canadian Debt Obligations. In the case of any security issued or unconditionally guaranteed as to principal and interest by the Government of Canada, the percentages of market value to be deducted shall be the same as in paragraph (A) of this section.

(D)( 1 ) In the case of redeemable securities of an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, which assets consist of cash or money market instruments and which is generally known as a “money market fund,” the deduction shall be 2% of the market value of the greater of the long or short position.

( 2 ) In the case of redeemable securities of an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, which assets are in the form of cash or securities or money market instruments of any maturity which are described in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) (A) through (C) or (E) of this section, the deduction shall be 7% of the market value of the greater of the long or short positions.

( 3 ) In the case of redeemable securities of an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, which assets are in the form of cash or securities or money market instruments which are described in paragraphs (c)(2)(vi) (A) through (C) or (E) and (F) of this section, the deduction shall be 9% of the market value of the long or short position.

(E) Commercial paper, bankers acceptances and certificates of deposit. In the case of any short term promissory note or evidence of indebtedness which has a fixed rate of interest or is sold at a discount, and which has a maturity date at date of issuance not exceeding nine months exclusive of days of grace, or any renewal thereof, the maturity of which is likewise limited and is rated in one of the three highest categories by at least two of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations ( Provided, That effective January 1, 1977, and until September 1, 1977, this paragraph shall be deemed to require only one such rating), or in the case of any negotiable certificates of deposit or bankers acceptance or similar type of instrument issued or guaranteed by any bank as defined in section 3(a)(6) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the applicable percentage of the market value of the greater of the long or short position in each of the categories specified below are:

( 1 ) Less than 30 days to maturity—0 percent.

( 2 ) 30 days but less than 91 days to maturity1/8of 1 percent.

( 3 ) 91 days but less than 181 days to maturity1/4of 1 percent.

( 4 ) 181 days but less than 271 days to maturity3/8of 1 percent.

( 5 ) 271 days but less than 1 year to maturity1/2of 1 percent; and

( 6 ) With respect to any negotiable certificate of deposit or bankers acceptance or similar type of instrument issued or guaranteed by any bank, as defined above, having 1 year or more to maturity, the deduction shall be on the greater of the long or short position and shall be the same percentage as that prescribed in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A) of this section.

(F)( 1 ) Nonconvertible debt securities. In the case of nonconvertible debt securities having a fixed interest rate and a fixed maturity date and which are not traded flat or in default as to principal or interest and which are rated in one of the four highest rating categories by at least two of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, the applicable percentages of the market value of the greater of the long or short position in each of the categories specified below are:

( i ) Less than 1 year to maturity—2%

( ii ) 1 year but less than 2 years to maturity—3%

( iii ) 2 years but less than 3 years to maturity—5%

( iv ) 3 years but less than 5 years to maturity—6%

( v ) 5 years but less than 10 years to maturity—7%

( vi ) 10 years but less than 15 years to maturity—71/2%

( vii ) 15 years but less than 20 years to maturity—8%

( viii ) 20 years but less than 25 years to maturity—81/2%

( ix ) 25 years or more to maturity—9%

( 2 ) A broker or dealer may elect to exclude from the above categories long or short positions that are hedged with short or long positions in securities issued by the United States or any agency thereof or nonconvertible debt securities having a fixed interest rate and a fixed maturity date and which are not traded flat or in default as to principal or interest and which are rated in one of the four highest rating categories by at least two of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations if such securities have maturity dates:

( i ) Less than five years and within 6 months of each other;

( ii ) Between 5 years and 10 years and within 9 months of each other;

( iii ) Between 10 years and 15 years and within 2 years of each other; or

( iv ) 15 years or more and within 10 years of each other.

The broker-dealer shall deduct the amounts specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(vi)(F) ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) of this section.

( 3 ) With respect to those positions described in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(F)( 2 ) of this section that include a long or short position in securities issued by the United States or any agency thereof, the broker or dealer shall exclude the hedging short or long United States or agency securities position from the applicable haircut category under paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(A) of this section. The broker or dealer shall deduct the percentage of the market value of the hedged long or short position in nonconvertible debt securities as specified in each of the categories below:

( i ) Less than 5 years to maturity—11/2%

( ii ) 5 years but less than 10 years to maturity—21/2%

( iii ) 10 years but less than 15 years to maturity—23/4%

( iv ) 15 years or more to maturity—3%

( 4 ) With respect to those positions described in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(F)( 2 ) of this section that include offsetting long and short positions in nonconvertible debt securities, the broker or dealer shall deduct a percentage of the market value of the hedged long or short position in nonconvertible debt securities as specified in each of the categories below:

( i ) Less than 5 years to maturity—13/4%

( ii ) 5 years but less than 10 years to maturity—3%

( iii ) 10 years but less than 15 years to maturity—31/4%

( iv ) 15 years or more to maturity—31/2%

( 5 ) In computing deductions under paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(F)( 3 ) of this section, a broker or dealer may include in the categories specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(F)( 3 ) of this section, long or short positions in securities issued by the United States or any agency thereof that are deliverable against long or short positions in futures contracts relating to Government securities, traded on a recognized contract market approved by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which are held in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer. The value of the long or short positions included in the categories shall be determined by the contract value of the futures contract held in the account.

( 6 ) The provisions of Appendix B to Rule 15c3–1 (17 CFR 240.15c3–1b) will in any event apply to the positions in futures contracts.

(G) Convertible Debt Securities. In the case of a debt security not in default which has a fixed rate of interest and a fixed maturity date and which is convertible into an equity security, the deductions shall be as follows: If the market value is 100 percent or more of the principal amount, the deduction shall be determined as specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J) of this section; if the market value is less than the principal amount, the deduction shall be determined as specified in paragraph (F) of this section; if such securities are rated as required of paragraph (F) of this section;

(H) In the case of cumulative, nonconvertible preferred stock ranking prior to all other classes of stock of the same issuer, which is rated in one of the four highest rating categories by at least two of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations and which are not in arrears as to dividends, the deduction shall be 10% of the market value of the greater of the long or short position.

(I) [Reserved]

All Other Securities

(J) In the case of all securities or evidences of indebtedness, except those described in Appendix A, §240.15c3–1a, which are not included in any of the percentage categories enumerated in paragraphs (c)(2)(vi) (A) through (H) of this section or paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(K)(ii) of this section, the deduction shall be 15 percent of the market value of the greater of the long or short positions and to the extent the market value of the lesser of the long or short positions exceeds 25 percent of the market value of the greater of the long or short positions, the percentage deduction on such excess shall be 15 percent of the market value of such excess. No deduction need be made in the case of:

( 1 ) A security that is convertible into or exchangeable for another security within a period of 90 days, subject to no conditions other than the payment of money, and the other securities into which such security is convertible or for which it is exchangeable, are short in the accounts of such broker or dealer; or

( 2 ) A security that has been called for redemption and that is redeemable within 90 days.

(K) Securities with a Limited Market. In the case of securities (other than exempted securities, nonconvertible debt securities, and cumulative nonconvertible preferred stock) which are not: ( 1 ) Traded on a national securities exchange; ( 2 ) designated as “OTC Margin Stock” pursuant to Regulation T under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; ( 3 ) quoted on “NASDAQ”; or ( 4 ) redeemable shares of investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the deduction shall be as follows:

( i ) In the case where there are regular quotations in an inter-dealer quotations system for the securities by three or more independent market-makers (exclusive of the computing broker or dealer) and where each such quotation represents a bona fide offer to brokers or dealers to both buy and sell in reasonable quantities at stated prices, or where a ready market as defined in paragraph (c)(11) (ii) is deemed to exist, the deduction shall be determined in accordance with paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J) of this section;

( ii ) In the case where there are regular quotations in an inter-dealer quotations system for the securities by only one or two independent market-makers (exclusive of the computing broker or dealer) and where each such quotation represents a bona fide offer to brokers or dealers both to buy and sell in reasonable quantities, at stated prices, the deduction on both the long and short position shall be 40 percent.

(L) Where a broker or dealer demonstrates that there is sufficient liquidity for any securities long or short in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer which are subject to a deduction required by paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(K) of this section, such deduction, upon a proper showing to the Examining Authority for the broker or dealer, may be appropriately decreased, but in no case shall such deduction be less than that prescribed in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J) of this section.

Undue Concentration

(M)( 1 ) In the case of money market instruments, or securities of a single class or series of an issuer, including any option written, endorsed or held to purchase or sell securities of such a single class or series of an issuer (other than “exempted securities” and redeemable securities of an investment company registered pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940), and securities underwritten (in which case the deduction provided for herein shall be applied after 11 business days), which are long or short in the proprietary or other accounts of a broker or dealer, including securities that are collateral to secured demand notes defined in Appendix D, §240.15c3–1d, and that have a market value of more than 10 percent of the “net capital” of a broker or dealer before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A, §240.15c3–1a, there shall be an additional deduction from net worth and/or the Collateral Value for securities collateralizing a secured demand note defined in Appendix D, §240.15c3–1d, equal to 50 percent of the percentage deduction otherwise provided by this paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A, §240.15c3–1a, on that portion of the securities position in excess of 10 percent of the “net capital” of the broker or dealer before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section and Appendix A, §240.15c3–1a. In the case of securities described in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J), the additional deduction required by this paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(M) shall be 15 percent.

( 2 ) This paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(M) shall apply notwithstanding any long or short position exemption provided for in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J) of this section (except for long or short position exemptions arising out of the first proviso to paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J)) and the deduction on any such exempted position shall be 15 percent of that portion of the securities position in excess of 10 percent of the broker or dealer's net capital before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section and Appendix A, §240.15c3–1a.

( 3 ) This paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(M) shall be applied to an issue of equity securities only on the market value of such securities in excess of $10,000 or the market value of 500 shares, whichever is greater, or $25,000 in the case of a debt security.

( 4 ) This paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(M) will be applied to an issue of municipal securities having the same security provisions, date of issue, interest rate, day, month and year of maturity only if such securities have a market value in excess of $500,000 in bonds ($5,000,000 in notes) or 10 percent of tentative net capital, whichever is greater, and are held in position longer than 20 business days from the date the securities are received by the syndicate manager from the issuer.

( 5 ) Any specialist that is subject to a deduction required by this paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(M), respecting its specialty stock, that can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Examining Authority for such broker or dealer that there is sufficient liquidity for such specialist's specialty stock and that such deduction need not be applied in the public interest for the protection of investors, may upon a proper showing to such Examining Authority have such undue concentration deduction appropriately decreased, but in no case shall the deduction prescribed in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J) of this section above be reduced. Each such Examining Authority shall make and preserve for a period of not less than 3 years a record of each application granted pursuant to this paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(M)(5), which shall contain a summary of the justification for the granting of the application.

(N) Any specialist that limits its securities business to that of a specialist (except for an occasional non-specialist related securities transaction for its own account), that does not transact a business in securities with other than a broker or dealer registered with the Commission under section 15 or 15C of the Act or a member of a national securities exchange, and that is not a clearing member of The Options Clearing Corporation need not deduct from net worth in computing net capital those deductions, as to its specialty securities, set forth in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A to this section, except for paragraph (e) of this section limiting withdrawals of equity capital and Appendix D to this section relating to satisfactory subordination agreements. As to a specialist that is solely an options specialist, in paragraph (e) the term “net capital” shall be deemed to mean “net capital before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A to this section” and “excess net capital” shall be deemed to be the amount of net capital before the application of paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A to this section in excess of the amount of net capital required under paragraph (a) of this section. In reports filed pursuant to §240.17a–5 and in making the record required by §240.17a–3(a)(11) each specialists shall include the deductions that would otherwise have been required by paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix A to this section in the absence of this paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(N).

(vii) Non-Marketable Securities. Deducting 100 percent of the carrying value in the case of securities or evidence of indebtedness in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer, for which there is no ready market, as defined in paragraph (c)(11) of this section, and securities, in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer, which cannot be publicly offered or sold because of statutory, regulatory or contractual arrangements or other restrictions.

Open Contractual Commitments

(viii) Deducting, in the case of a broker or dealer that has open contractual commitments (other than those option positions subject to Appendix A, §240.15c3–1a), the respective deductions as specified in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section or Appendix B, §240.15c3–1b, from the value (which shall be the market value whenever there is a market) of each net long and each net short position contemplated by any open contractual commitment in the proprietary or other accounts of the broker or dealer.

(A) The deduction for contractual commitments in those securities that are treated in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(J) of this section shall be 30 percent unless the class and issue of the securities subject to the open contractual commitment deduction are listed for trading on a national securities exchange or are designated as NASDAQ National Market System Securities.

(B) A broker or dealer that maintains in excess of $250,000 of net capital may add back to net worth up to $150,000 of any deduction computed under this paragraph (c)(2)(viii)(B).

(C) The deduction with respect to any single commitment shall be reduced by the unrealized profit in such commitment, in an amount not greater than the deduction provided for by this paragraph (or increased by the unrealized loss), in such commitment, and in no event shall an unrealized profit on any closed transactions operate to increase net capital.

(ix) Deducting from the contract value of each failed to deliver contract that is outstanding five business days or longer (21 business days or longer in the case of municipal securities) the percentages of the market value of the underlying security that would be required by application of the deduction required by paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section. Such deduction, however, shall be increased by any excess of the contract price of the failed to deliver contract over the market value of the underlying security or reduced by any excess of the market value of the underlying security over the contract value of the failed to deliver contract, but not to exceed the amount of such deduction. The designated examining authority for the broker or dealer may, upon application of the broker or dealer, extend for a period up to 5 business days, any period herein specified when it is satisfied that the extension is warranted. The designated examining authority upon expiration of the extension may extend for one additional period of up to 5 business days, any period herein specified when it is satisfied that the extension is warranted.

Brokers or Dealers Carrying Accounts of Listed Options Specialists

(x)(A) With respect to any transaction of a specialist in listed options, who is either not otherwise subject to the provisions of this section or is described in paragraph (c)(2)(vi)(N) of this section, for whose specialist account a broker or dealer acts as a guarantor, endorser, or carrying broker or dealer, such broker or dealer shall adjust its net worth by deducting as of noon of each business day the amounts computed as of the prior business day pursuant to §240.15c3–1a. The required deductions may be reduced by any liquidating equity that exists in such specialist's market-maker account as of that time and shall be increased to the extent of any liquidating deficit in such account. Noon shall be determined according to the local time where the broker or dealer is headquartered. In no event shall excess equity in the specialist's market-maker account result in an increase of the net capital of any such guarantor, endorser, or carrying broker or dealer.

(B) Definitions. ( 1 ) The term listed option shall mean any option traded on a registered national securities exchange or automated facility of a registered national securities association.

( 2 ) For purposes of this section, the equity in an individual specialist's market-maker account shall be computed by:

( i ) Marking all securities positions long or short in the account to their respective current market values;

( ii ) Adding (deducting in the case of a debit balance) the credit balance carried in such specialist's market-maker account; and

( iii ) Adding (deducting in the case of short positions) the market value of positions long in such account.

(C) No guarantor, endorser, or carrying broker or dealer shall permit the sum of the deductions required pursuant to §240.15c3–1a in respect of all transactions in specialists' market-maker accounts guaranteed, endorsed, or carried by such broker or dealer to exceed 1,000 percent of such broker's or dealer's net capital as defined in §240.15c3–1(c)(2) for any period exceeding three business days. If at any time such sum exceeds 1,000 percent of such broker's or dealer's net capital, then the broker or dealer shall:

( 1 ) Immediately transmit telegraphic or facsimile notice of such event to the Division of Market Regulation in the headquarters office of the Commission in Washington, DC, to the regional office of the Commission for the region in which the broker or dealer maintains its principal place of business, and to its examining authority designated pursuant to section 17(d) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78q(d)) (“Designated Examining Authority”); and

( 2 ) Be subject to the prohibitions against withdrawal of equity capital set forth in §240.15c3–1(e) and to the prohibitions against reduction, prepayment, and repayment of subordination agreements set forth in paragraph (b)(11) of §240.15c3–1d, as if such broker or dealer's net capital were below the minimum standards specified by each of those paragraphs.

(D) If at any time there is a liquidating deficit in a specialist's market-maker account, then the broker or dealer guaranteeing, endorsing, or carrying listed options transactions in such specialist's market-maker account may not extend any further credit in that account, and shall take steps to liquidate promptly existing positions in the account. This paragraph shall not prevent the broker or dealer from, upon approval by the broker's or dealer's Designated Examining Authority, entering into hedging positions in the specialist's market-maker account. The broker or dealer also shall transmit telegraphic or facsimile notice of the deficit and its amount by the close of business of the following business day to its Designated Examining Authority and the Designated Examining Authority of the specialist, if different from its own.

(E) Upon written application to the Commission by the specialist and the broker or dealer guaranteeing, endorsing, or carrying options transactions in such specialist's market-maker account, the Commission may approve upon specified terms and conditions lesser adjustments to net worth than those specified in §240.15c3–1a.

(xi) Brokers or Dealers Carrying Specialists or Market Makers Accounts. With respect to a broker or dealer who carries a market maker or specialist account, or with respect to any transaction in options listed on a registered national securities exchange for which a broker or dealer acts as a guarantor or endorser of options written by a specialist in a specialist account, the broker or dealer shall deduct, for each account carried or for each class or series of options guaranteed or endorsed, any deficiency in collateral required by paragraph (a)(6) of this section.

(xii) Deduction from net worth for certain undermargined accounts. Deducting the amount of cash required in each customer's or non-customer's account to meet the maintenance margin requirements of the Examining Authority for the broker or dealer, after application of calls for margin, marks to the market or other required deposits which are outstanding 5 business days or less.

(xiii) Deduction from net worth for indebtedness collateralized by exempted securities. Deducting, at the option of the broker or dealer, in lieu of including such amounts in aggregate indebtedness, 4 percent of the amount of any indebtedness secured by exempted securities or municipal securities if such indebtedness would otherwise be includable in aggregate indebtedness.

Exempted Securities

(3) The term exempted securities shall mean those securities deemed exempted securities by section 3(a)(12) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and rules thereunder.

Contractual Commitments

(4) The term contractual commitments shall include underwriting, when issued, when distributed and delayed delivery contracts, the writing or endorsement of puts and calls and combinations thereof, commitments in foreign currencies, and spot (cash) commodities contracts, but shall not include uncleared regular way purchases and sales of securities and contracts in commodities futures. A series of contracts of purchase or sale of the same security conditioned, if at all, only upon issuance may be treated as an individual commitment.

Adequately Secured

(5) Indebtedness shall be deemed to be adequately secured within the meaning of this section when the excess of the market value of the collateral over the amount of the indebtedness is sufficient to make the loan acceptable as a fully secured loan to banks regularly making secured loans to brokers or dealers.

Customer

(6) The term customer shall mean any person from whom, or on whose behalf, a broker or dealer has received, acquired or holds funds or securities for the account of such person, but shall not include a broker or dealer or a registered municipal securities dealer, or a general, special or limited partner or director or officer of the broker or dealer, or any person to the extent that such person has a claim for property or funds which by contract, agreement, or understanding, or by operation of law, is part of the capital of the broker or dealer. Provided, however, That the term “customer” shall also include a broker or dealer, but only insofar as such broker or dealer maintains a special omnibus account carried with another broker or dealer in compliance with 12 CFR 220.4(b) of Regulation T under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Non-Customer

(7) The term non-customer means a broker or dealer, registered municipal securities dealer, general partner, limited partner, officer, director and persons to the extent their claims are subordinated to the claims of creditors of the broker or dealer.

Market Maker

(8) The term market maker shall mean a dealer who, with respect to a particular security, (i) regularly publishes bona fide, competitive bid and offer quotations in a recognized interdealer quotation system; or (ii) furnishes bona fide competitive bid and offer quotations on request; and, (iii) is ready, willing and able to effect transactions in reasonable quantities at his quoted prices with other brokers or dealers.

Promptly Transmit and Deliver

(9) A broker or dealer is deemed to “promptly transmit” all funds and to “promptly deliver” all securities within the meaning of paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(v) of this section where such transmission or delivery is made no later than noon of the next business day after the receipt of such funds or securities; provided, however, that such prompt transmission or delivery shall not be required to be effected prior to the settlement date for such transaction.

Promptly Forward

(10) A broker or dealer is deemed to “promptly forward” funds or securities within the meaning of paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section only when such forwarding occurs no later than noon of the next business day following receipt of such funds or securities.

Ready Market

(11)(i) The term ready market shall include a recognized established securities market in which there exists independent bona fide offers to buy and sell so that a price reasonably related to the last sales price or current bona fide competitive bid and offer quotations can be determined for a particular security almost instantaneously and where payment will be received in settlement of a sale at such price within a relatively short time conforming to trade custom.

(ii) A ready market shall also be deemed to exist where securities have been accepted as collateral for a loan by a bank as defined in section 3(a)(6) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and where the broker or dealer demonstrates to its Examining Authority that such securities adequately secure such loans as that term is defined in paragraph (c)(5) of this section.

Examining Authority

(12) The term Examining Authority of a broker or dealer shall mean for the purposes of 17 CFR 240.15c3-1 and 240.15c3-1a-d the national securities exchange or national securities association of which the broker or dealer is a member or, if the broker or dealer is a member of more than one such self-regulatory organization, the organization designated by the Commission as the Examining Authority for such broker or dealer, or if the broker or dealer is not a member of any such self-regulatory organization, the Regional Office of the Commission where such broker or dealer has its principal place of business.

Entities That Have a Principal Regulator

(13)(i) For purposes of §240.15c3–1e and §240.15c3–1g, the term entity that has a principal regulator shall mean a person (other than a natural person) that is not a registered broker or dealer (other than a broker or dealer registered under section 15(b)(11) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78o(b)(11)), provided that the person is:

(A) An insured depository institution as defined in section 3(c)(2) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(c)(2));

(B) Registered as a futures commission merchant or an introducing broker with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission;

(C) Registered with or licensed by a State insurance regulator and issues any insurance, endowment, or annuity policy or contract;

(D) A foreign bank as defined in section 1(b)(7) of the International Banking Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3101(7)) that has its headquarters in a jurisdiction for which any foreign bank has been approved by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to conduct business pursuant to the standards set forth in 12 CFR 211.24(c), provided such foreign bank represents to the Commission that it is subject to the same supervisory regime as the foreign bank previously approved by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

(E) Not primarily in the securities business, and the person is:

( 1 ) A corporation organized under section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 611 through 633); or

( 2 ) A corporation having an agreement or undertaking with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System under section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 601 through 604a); or

(F) A person that the Commission finds is another entity that is subject to comprehensive supervision, has in place appropriate arrangements so that information that the person provides to the Commission is sufficiently reliable for the purposes of determining compliance with §240.15c3–1e and §240.15c3–1g, and it is appropriate to consider the person to be an entity that has a principal regulator considering all relevant circumstances, including the person's mix of business.

(ii) For purposes of §§240.15c3–1e, 240.15c3–1g, 240.17h–1T, and 240.17h2T, the term ultimate holding company that has a principal regulator shall mean a person (other than a natural person) that:

(A) Is a financial holding company or a company that is treated as a financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1840 et seq.), or

(B) The Commission determines to be an ultimate holding company that has a principal regulator, if that person is subject to consolidated, comprehensive supervision; there are in place appropriate arrangements so that information that the person provides to the Commission is sufficiently reliable for the purposes of determining compliance with §240.15c3–1e and §240.15c3–1g; and it is appropriate to consider the person to be an ultimate holding company that has a principal regulator in view of all relevant circumstances, including the person's mix of business.

(14) The term municipal securities shall mean those securities included within the definition of “municipal securities” in section 3(a)(29) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(15) The term tentative net capital shall mean the net capital of a broker or dealer before deducting the securities haircuts computed pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section and the charges on inventory computed pursuant to appendix B to this section (§240.15c3–1b). However, for purposes of paragraph (a)(5) of this section, the term tentative net capital means the net capital of an OTC derivatives dealer before deducting the charges for market and credit risk as computed pursuant to appendix F to this section (§240.15c3–1f) or paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section, if applicable, and increased by the balance sheet value (including counterparty net exposure) resulting from transactions in eligible OTC derivative instruments which would otherwise be deducted by virtue of paragraph (c)(2)(iv) of this section. For purposes of paragraph (a)(7) of this section, the term tentative net capital means the net capital of the broker or dealer before deductions for market and credit risk computed pursuant to §240.15c3–1e or paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section, if applicable, and increased by the balance sheet value (including counterparty net exposure) resulting from transactions in derivative instruments which would otherwise be deducted by virtue of paragraph (c)(2)(iv) of this section. Tentative net capital shall include securities for which there is no ready market, as defined in paragraph (c)(11) of this section, if the use of mathematical models has been approved for purposes of calculating deductions from net capital for those securities pursuant to §240.15c3–1e.

(d) Debt-equity requirements. No broker or dealer shall permit the total of outstanding principal amounts of its satisfactory subordination agreements (other than such agreements which qualify under this paragraph (d) as equity capital) to exceed 70 percent of its debt-equity total, as hereinafter defined, for a period in excess of 90 days or for such longer period which the Commission may, upon application of the broker or dealer, grant in the public interest or for the protection of investors. In the case of a corporation, the debt-equity total shall be the sum of its outstanding principal amounts of satisfactory subordination agreements, par or stated value of capital stock, paid in capital in excess of par, retained earnings, unrealized profit and loss or other capital accounts. In the case of a partnership, the debt-equity total shall be the sum of its outstanding principal amounts of satisfactory subordination agreements, capital accounts of partners (exclusive of such partners' securities accounts) subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) of this section, and unrealized profit and loss. In the case of a sole proprietorship, the debt-equity total shall include the sum of its outstanding principal amounts of satisfactory subordination agreements, capital accounts of the sole proprietorship and unrealized profit and loss. Provided, however, That a satisfactory subordination agreement entered into by a partner or stockholder which has an initial term of at least three years and has a remaining term of not less than 12 months shall be considered equity for the purposes of this paragraph (d) if:

(1) It does not have any of the provisions for accelerated maturity provided for by paragraphs (b)(9)(i), (10)(i) or (10)(ii) of Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d) and is maintained as capital subject to the provisions restricting the withdrawal thereof required by paragraph (e) of this section or

(2) The partnership agreement provides that capital contributed pursuant to a satisfactory subordination agreement as defined in Appendix (D) (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d) shall in all respects be partnership capital subject to the provisions restricting the withdrawal thereof required by paragraph (e) of this section.

(e)(1) Notice provisions relating to limitations on the withdrawal of equity capital. No equity capital of the broker or dealer or a subsidiary or affiliate consolidated pursuant to appendix C (17 CFR 240.15c3–1c) may be withdrawn by action of a stockholder or a partner or by redemption or repurchase of shares of stock by any of the consolidated entities or through the payment of dividends or any similar distribution, nor may any unsecured advance or loan be made to a stockholder, partner, sole proprietor, employee or affiliate without written notice given in accordance with paragraph (e)(1)(iv) of this section:

(i) Two business days prior to any withdrawals, advances or loans if those withdrawals, advances or loans on a net basis exceed in the aggregate in any 30 calendar day period, 30 percent of the broker or dealer's excess net capital. A broker or dealer, in an emergency situation, may make withdrawals, advances or loans that on a net basis exceed 30 percent of the broker or dealer's excess net capital in any 30 calendar day period without giving the advance notice required by this paragraph, with the prior approval of its Examining Authority. Where a broker or dealer makes a withdrawal with the consent of its Examining Authority, it shall in any event comply with paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section; or

(ii) Two business days after any withdrawals, advances or loans if those withdrawals, advances or loans on a net basis exceed in the aggregate in any 30 calendar day period, 20 percent of the broker or dealer's excess net capital.

(iii) This paragraph (e)(1) does not apply to:

(A) Securities or commodities transactions in the ordinary course of business between a broker or dealer and an affiliate where the broker or dealer makes payment to or on behalf of such affiliate for such transaction and then receives payment from such affiliate for the securities or commodities transaction within two business days from the date of the transaction; or

(B) Withdrawals, advances or loans which in the aggregate in any thirty calendar day period, on a net basis, equal $500,000 or less.

(iv) Each required notice shall be effective when received by the Commission in Washington, DC, the regional office of the Commission for the region in which the broker or dealer has its principal place of business, the broker or dealer's Examining Authority and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission if such broker or dealer is registered with that Commission.

(2) Limitations on Withdrawal of equity capital. No equity capital of the broker or dealer or a subsidiary or affiliate consolidated pursuant to appendix C (17 CFR 240.15c3–1c) may be withdrawn by action of a stockholder or a partner or by redemption or repurchase of shares of stock by any of the consolidated entities or through the payment of dividends or any similar distribution, nor may any unsecured advance or loan be made to a stockholder, partner, sole proprietor, employee or affiliate, if after giving effect thereto and to any other such withdrawals, advances or loans and any Payments of Payment Obligations (as defined in appendix D (17 CFR 240.15c3–1d)) under satisfactory subordination agreements which are scheduled to occur within 180 days following such withdrawal, advance or loan if:

(i) The broker or dealer's net capital would be less than 120 percent of the minimum dollar amount required by paragraph (a) of this section;

(ii) The broker-dealer is registered as a futures commission merchant, its net capital would be less than 7 percent of the funds required to be segregated pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder (less the market value of commodity options purchased by option customers on or subject to the rules of a contract market, each such deduction not to exceed the amount of funds in the option customer's account);

(iii) The broker-dealer's net capital would be less than 25 percent of deductions from net worth in computing net capital required by paragraphs (c)(2)(vi), (f) and appendix A, of this section, unless the broker or dealer has the prior approval of the Commission to make such withdrawal;

(iv) The total outstanding principal amounts of satisfactory subordination agreements of the broker or dealer and any subsidiaries or affiliates consolidated pursuant to appendix C (17 CFR 240.15c3–1c) (other than such agreements which qualify as equity under paragraph (d) of this section) would exceed 70% of the debt-equity total as defined in paragraph (d) of this section;

(v) The broker or dealer is subject to the aggregate indebtedness limitations of paragraph (a) of this section, the aggregate indebtedness of any of the consolidated entities exceeds 1000 percent of its net capital; or

(vi) The broker or dealer is subject to the alternative net capital requirement of paragraph (f) of this section, its net capital would be less than 5 percent of aggregate debit items computed in accordance with 17 CFR 240.15c3–3a.

(3)(i) Temporary restrictions on withdrawal of net capital. The Commission may by order restrict, for a period up to twenty business days, any withdrawal by the broker or dealer of equity capital or unsecured loan or advance to a stockholder, partner, sole proprietor, employee or affiliate if such withdrawal, advance or loan:

(A) When aggregated with all other withdrawals, advances or loans on a net basis during a 30 calendar day period exceeds 30 percent of the broker or dealer's excess net capital; and

(B) The Commission, based on the facts and information available, concludes that the withdrawal, advance or loan may be detrimental to the financial integrity of the broker or dealer, or may unduly jeopardize the broker or dealer's ability to repay its customer claims or other liabilities which may cause a significant impact on the markets or expose the customers or creditors of the broker or dealer to loss without taking into account the application of the Securities Investor Protection Act.

(ii) An order temporarily prohibiting the withdrawal of capital shall be rescinded if the Commission determines that the restriction on capital withdrawal should not remain in effect. The hearing will be held within two business days from the date of the request in writing by the broker or dealer.

(4)(i) Miscellaneous provisions. Excess net capital is that amount in excess of the amount required under paragraph (a) of this section. For the purposes of paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section, a broker or dealer may use the amount of excess net capital and deductions required under paragraphs (c)(2)(vi), (f) and appendix A of this section reported in its most recently required filed Form X–17A–5 for the purposes of calculating the effect of a projected withdrawal, advance or loan relative to excess net capital or deductions. The broker or dealer must assure itself that the excess net capital or the deductions reported on the most recently required filed Form X–17A–5 have not materially changed since the time such report was filed.

(ii) The term equity capital includes capital contributions by partners, par or stated value of capital stock, paid-in capital in excess of par, retained earnings or other capital accounts. The term equity capital does not include securities in the securities accounts of partners and balances in limited partners' capital accounts in excess of their stated capital contributions.

(iii) Paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section shall not preclude a broker or dealer from making required tax payments or preclude the payment to partners of reasonable compensation, and such payments shall not be included in the calculation of withdrawals, advances, or loans for purposes of paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section.

(iv) For the purpose of this paragraph (e) of this section, any transaction between a broker or dealer and a stockholder, partner, sole proprietor, employee or affiliate that results in a diminution of the broker or dealer's net capital shall be deemed to be an advance or loan of net capital.

[40 FR 29799, July 16, 1975]

Note : As of Read Date 3/21/12 ALL US Securities Laws and Rules subject to change and update and you must confirm as filing or relying.

DCarsonCPA.com is a web link to the Practice of Dean T. Carson II, CPA and is your web link to Accounting, Tax, Advisory, Compliance, and Research support at the Connecting line of Government, Industry, Business, Non Profit and Individual Financials. Available to support Clients with corresponding needs and in accordance with applicable guidelines. Also available for Project Consulting needs in relation to Financial Services and General Business lines, Non Profit, Governmental and Individual needs.

SEC § 270.2a-4 Definition of “current net asset value” for use in computing periodically the current price of redeemable security.

2012-03-19T13:04:00.007-07:00

§ 270.2a-4 Definition of “current net asset value” for use in computing periodically the current price of redeemable security.

(a) The current net asset value of any redeemable security issued by a registered investment company used in computing periodically the current price for the purpose of distribution, redemption, and repurchase means an amount which reflects calculations, whether or not recorded in the books of account, made substantially in accordance with the following, with estimates used where necessary or appropriate.

(1) Portfolio securities with respect to which market quotations are readily available shall be valued at current market value, and other securities and assets shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the board of directors of the registered company.

(2) Changes in holdings of portfolio securities shall be reflected no later than in the first calculation on the first business day following the trade date.

(3) Changes in the number of outstanding shares of the registered company resulting from distributions, redemptions, and repurchases shall be reflected no later than in the first calculation on the first business day following such change.

(4) Expenses, including any investment advisory fees, shall be included to date of calculation. Appropriate provision shall be made for Federal income taxes if required. Investment companies which retain realized capital gains designated as a distribution to shareholders shall comply with paragraph (h) of §210.6–03 of Regulation S-X.

(5) Dividends receivable shall be included to date of calculation either at ex-dividend dates or record dates, as appropriate.

(6) Interest income and other income shall be included to date of calculation.

(b) The items which would otherwise be required to be reflected by paragraphs (a) (4) and (6) of this section need not be so reflected if cumulatively, when netted, they do not amount to as much as one cent per outstanding share.

(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, any interim determination of current net asset value between calculations made as of the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the preceding business day and the current business day may be estimated so as to reflect any change in current net asset value since the closing calculation on the preceding business day.

(Secs. 7, 19(a), 48 Stat. 78, 85, 908, 15 U.S.C. 77g, 77s(a); secs. 12, 13, 15(d), 23(a), 48 Stat. 892, 894, 895, 901; secs. 3, 8, 49 Stat. 1377, 1379, secs. 3, 4, 78 Stat. 569, 570, secs. 1, 2, 82 Stat. 454, 15 U.S.C. 78l, 78m, 78o(d), 78w(a); secs. 8, 22, 30, 31(c), 38(a), 54 Stat. 803, 823, 836, 838, 841, 15 U.S.C. 80a–8, 80a–22, 80a–29, 80a–30(c))

[29 FR 19101, Dec. 30, 1964, as amended at 35 FR 314, Jan. 8, 1970; 47 FR 56844, Dec. 21, 1982]

As of Read Date 3/19/12 ALL US Laws and Rules on Securities from the SEC are subject to change and update and you MUST confirm as filing or relying.

DCarsonCPA.com is the web presence of Dean T. Carson II, CPA here to support Business, Non Profits and Individuals with Practice built on 16+ years hands on experience in CFO / Controlling and Senior Management Facing roles in both Permanent and Project Consulting Capacities. With specific area expertise in Asset Management and other Financial Services Entities in addition to General Business needs. Seeing value in using Industry expertise to better connect to the Regulations that bind on Industry Compliance, Taxation and more in compliment to GAAP, IFRS and what other Client driven needs exist.

To learn more and / or connect with us please visit http://www.dcarsoncpa.com/ here to support needs on Accounting, Taxation, Advisory, Compliance and more based on Client needs. In the world of Asset Management it's about a comprehensive understanding of the Business and a connection to important Industry and Business Line knowledge that can add value on services and a ready ability based on experience to connect with Senior Executives, Attorneys, Portfolio Managers, Regulators, Clients, Vendors and more in the best interest of supporting Client needs and compliance.

At the Boutique and Medium sized firm level it's the about the preconsideration we have placed to develop efficient teamwork capabilites to support Clients on Financial Decision Making in broad ways - Taxes, Accounting, Data, Research and more. At the Bulge Bracket level it's about key consulting on Projects for Financial Decision Makers in leading roles.

IRC Definition of Regulated Investment Companies per § 851

2012-03-01T12:57:00.001-08:00

IRC on Regulated Investment Companies:

§851. Definition of regulated investment company

(a) General rule

For purposes of this subtitle, the term “regulated investment company” means any domestic corporation—

(1) which, at all times during the taxable year—

(A) is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (15 U.S.C. 80a–1 to 80b–2) as a management company or unit investment trust, or

(B) has in effect an election under such Act to be treated as a business development company, or

(2) which is a common trust fund or similar fund excluded by section 3(c)(3) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 80a–3(c)) from the definition of “investment company” and is not included in the definition of “common trust fund” by section 584(a).

(b) Limitations

A corporation shall not be considered a regulated investment company for any taxable year unless—

(1) it files with its return for the taxable year an election to be a regulated investment company or has made such election for a previous taxable year;

(2) at least 90 percent of its gross income is derived from—

(A) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans (as defined in section 512(a)(5)), and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities (as defined in section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies, and

(B) net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (as defined in subsection (h)); and

(3) at the close of each quarter of the taxable year—

(A) at least 50 percent of the value of its total assets is represented by—

(i) cash and cash items (including receivables), Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and

(ii) other securities for purposes of this calculation limited, except and to the extent provided in subsection (e), in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater in value than 5 percent of the value of the total assets of the taxpayer and to not more than 10 percent of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and

(B) not more than 25 percent of the value of its total assets is invested in—

(i) the securities (other than Government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer,

(ii) the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers which the taxpayer controls and which are determined, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or

(iii) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined in subsection (h)).

For purposes of paragraph (2), there shall be treated as dividends amounts included in gross income under section 951(a)(1)(A)(i) or 1293(a) for the taxable year to the extent that, under section 959(a)(1) or 1293(c) (as the case may be), there is a distribution out of the earnings and profits of the taxable year which are attributable to the amounts so included. For purposes of paragraph (2), the Secretary may by regulation exclude from qualifying income foreign currency gains which are not directly related to the company's principal business of investing in stock or securities (or options and futures with respect to stock or securities). For purposes of paragraph (2), amounts excludable from gross income under section 103(a) shall be treated as included in gross income. Income derived from a partnership (other than a qualified publicly traded partnership as defined in subsection (h)) or trust shall be treated as described in paragraph (2) only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership or trust (as the case may be) which would be described in paragraph (2) if realized by the regulated investment company in the same manner as realized by the partnership or trust.

(c) Rules applicable to subsection (b)(3)

For purposes of subsection (b)(3) and this subsection—

(1) In ascertaining the value of the taxpayer's investment in the securities of an issuer, for the purposes of subparagraph (B), there shall be included its proper proportion of the investment of any other corporation, a member of a controlled group, in the securities of such issuer, as determined under regulations prescribed by the Secretary.

(2) The term “controls” means the ownership in a corporation of 20 percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote.

(3) The term “controlled group” means one or more chains of corporations connected through stock ownership with the taxpayer if—

(A) 20 percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote of each of the corporations (except the taxpayer) is owned directly by one or more of the other corporations, and

(B) the taxpayer owns directly 20 percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote, of at least one of the other corporations.

(4) The term “value” means, with respect to securities (other than those of majority-owned subsidiaries) for which market quotations are readily available, the market value of such securities; and with respect to other securities and assets, fair value as determined in good faith by the board of directors, except that in the case of securities of majority-owned subsidiaries which are investment companies such fair value shall not exceed market value or asset value, whichever is higher.

(5) The term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” shall include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership (as defined in subsection (h)).

(6) All other terms shall have the same meaning as when used in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

(d) Determination of status

(1) In general

A corporation which meets the requirements of subsections (b)(3) and (c) at the close of any quarter shall not lose its status as a regulated investment company because of a discrepancy during a subsequent quarter between the value of its various investments and such requirements unless such discrepancy exists immediately after the acquisition of any security or other property and is wholly or partly the result of such acquisition. A corporation which does not meet such requirements at the close of any quarter by reason of a discrepancy existing immediately after the acquisition of any security or other property which is wholly or partly the result of such acquisition during such quarter shall not lose its status for such quarter as a regulated investment company if such discrepancy is eliminated within 30 days after the close of such quarter and in such cases it shall be considered to have met such requirements at the close of such quarter for purposes of applying the preceding sentence.

(2) Special rules regarding failure to satisfy requirements

If paragraph (1) does not preserve a corporation's status as a regulated investment company for any particular quarter—

(A) In general

A corporation that fails to meet the requirements of subsection (b)(3) (other than a failure described in subparagraph (B)(i)) for such quarter shall nevertheless be considered to have satisfied the requirements of such subsection for such quarter if—

(i) following the corporation's identification of the failure to satisfy the requirements of such subsection for such quarter, a description of each asset that causes the corporation to fail to satisfy the requirements of such subsection at the close of such quarter is set forth in a schedule for such quarter filed in the manner provided by the Secretary,

(ii) the failure to meet the requirements of such subsection for such quarter is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, and

(iii)(I) the corporation disposes of the assets set forth on the schedule specified in clause (i) within 6 months after the last day of the quarter in which the corporation's identification of the failure to satisfy the requirements of such subsection occurred or such other time period prescribed by the Secretary and in the manner prescribed by the Secretary, or

(II) the requirements of such subsection are otherwise met within the time period specified in subclause (I).

(B) Rule for certain de minimis failures

A corporation that fails to meet the requirements of subsection (b)(3) for such quarter shall nevertheless be considered to have satisfied the requirements of such subsection for such quarter if—

(i) such failure is due to the ownership of assets the total value of which does not exceed the lesser of—

(I) 1 percent of the total value of the corporation's assets at the end of the quarter for which such measurement is done, or

(II) $10,000,000, and

(ii)(I) the corporation, following the identification of such failure, disposes of assets in order to meet the requirements of such subsection within 6 months after the last day of the quarter in which the corporation's identification of the failure to satisfy the requirements of such subsection occurred or such other time period prescribed by the Secretary and in the manner prescribed by the Secretary, or

(II) the requirements of such subsection are otherwise met within the time period specified in subclause (I).

(C) Tax

(i) Tax imposed

If subparagraph (A) applies to a corporation for any quarter, there is hereby imposed on such corporation a tax in an amount equal to the greater of—

(I) $50,000, or

(II) the amount determined (pursuant to regulations promulgated by the Secretary) by multiplying the net income generated by the assets described in the schedule specified in subparagraph (A)(i) for the period specified in clause (ii) by the highest rate of tax specified in section 11.

(ii) Period

For purposes of clause (i)(II), the period described in this clause is the period beginning on the first date that the failure to satisfy the requirements of subsection (b)(3) occurs as a result of the ownership of such assets and ending on the earlier of the date on which the corporation disposes of such assets or the end of the first quarter when there is no longer a failure to satisfy such subsection.

(iii) Administrative provisions

For purposes of subtitle F, a tax imposed by this subparagraph shall be treated as an excise tax with respect to which the deficiency procedures of such subtitle apply.

(e) Investment companies furnishing capital to development corporations

(1) General rule

If the Securities and Exchange Commission determines, in accordance with regulations issued by it, and certifies to the Secretary not earlier than 60 days prior to the close of the taxable year of a management company or a business development company described in subsection (a)(1), that such investment company is principally engaged in the furnishing of capital to other corporations which are principally engaged in the development or exploitation of inventions, technological improvements, new processes, or products not previously generally available, such investment company may, in the computation of 50 percent of the value of its assets under subparagraph (A) of subsection (b)(3) for any quarter of such taxable year, include the value of any securities of an issuer, whether or not the investment company owns more than 10 percent of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, the basis of which, when added to the basis of the investment company for securities of such issuer previously acquired, did not exceed 5 percent of the value of the total assets of the investment company at the time of the subsequent acquisition of securities. The preceding sentence shall not apply to the securities of an issuer if the investment company has continuously held any security of such issuer (or of any predecessor company of such issuer as determined under regulations prescribed by the Secretary) for 10 or more years preceding such quarter of such taxable year.

(2) Limitation

The provisions of this subsection shall not apply at the close of any quarter of a taxable year to an investment company if at the close of such quarter more than 25 percent of the value of its total assets is represented by securities of issuers with respect to each of which the investment company holds more than 10 percent of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and in respect of each of which or any predecessor thereof the investment company has continuously held any security for 10 or more years preceding such quarter unless the value of its total assets so represented is reduced to 25 percent or less within 30 days after the close of such quarter.

(3) Determination of status

For purposes of this subsection, unless the Securities and Exchange Commission determines otherwise, a corporation shall be considered to be principally engaged in the development or exploitation of inventions, technological improvements, new processes, or products not previously generally available, for at least 10 years after the date of the first acquisition of any security in such corporation or any predecessor thereof by such investment company if at the date of such acquisition the corporation or its predecessor was principally so engaged, and an investment company shall be considered at any date to be furnishing capital to any company whose securities it holds if within 10 years prior to such date it has acquired any of such securities, or any securities surrendered in exchange therefor, from such other company or predecessor thereof. For purposes of the certification under this subsection, the Securities and Exchange Commission shall have authority to issue such rules, regulations and orders, and to conduct such investigations and hearings, either public or private, as it may deem appropriate.

(4) Definitions

The terms used in this subsection shall have the same meaning as in subsections (b)(3) and (c) of this section.

(f) Certain unit investment trusts

For purposes of this title—

(1) A unit investment trust (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940)—

(A) which is registered under such Act and issues periodic payment plan certificates (as defined in such Act) in one or more series,

(B) substantially all of the assets of which, as to all such series, consist of (i) securities issued by a single management company (as defined in such Act) and securities acquired pursuant to subparagraph (C), or (ii) securities issued by a single other corporation, and

(C) which has no power to invest in any other securities except securities issued by a single other management company, when permitted by such Act or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission,

shall not be treated as a person.

(2) In the case of a unit investment trust described in paragraph (1)—

(A) each holder of an interest in such trust shall, to the extent of such interest, be treated as owning a proportionate share of the assets of such trust;

(B) the basis of the assets of such trust which are treated under subparagraph (A) as being owned by a holder of an interest in such trust shall be the same as the basis of his interest in such trust; and

(C) in determining the period for which the holder of an interest in such trust has held the assets of the trust which are treated under subparagraph (A) as being owned by him, there shall be included the period for which such holder has held his interest in such trust.

This subsection shall not apply in the case of a unit investment trust which is a segregated asset account under the insurance laws or regulations of a State.

(g) Special rule for series funds

(1) In general

In the case of a regulated investment company (within the meaning of subsection (a)) having more than one fund, each fund of such regulated investment company shall be treated as a separate corporation for purposes of this title (except with respect to the definitional requirement of subsection (a)).

(2) Fund defined

For purposes of paragraph (1) the term “fund” means a segregated portfolio of assets, the beneficial interests in which are owned by the holders of a class or series of stock of the regulated investment company that is preferred over all other classes or series in respect of such portfolio of assets.

(h) Qualified publicly traded partnership

For purposes of this section, the term “qualified publicly traded partnership” means a publicly traded partnership described in section 7704(b) other than a partnership which would satisfy the gross income requirements of section 7704(c)(2) if qualifying income included only income described in subsection (b)(2)(A).

(i) Failure to satisfy gross income test

(1) Disclosure requirement

A corporation that fails to meet the requirement of paragraph (2) of subsection (b) for any taxable year shall nevertheless be considered to have satisfied the requirement of such paragraph for such taxable year if—

(A) following the corporation's identification of the failure to meet such requirement for such taxable year, a description of each item of its gross income described in such paragraph is set forth in a schedule for such taxable year filed in the manner provided by the Secretary, and

(B) the failure to meet such requirement is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect.

(2) Imposition of tax on failures

If paragraph (1) applies to a regulated investment company for any taxable year, there is hereby imposed on such company a tax in an amount equal to the excess of—

(A) the gross income of such company which is not derived from sources referred to in subsection (b)(2), over

(B) 1/9 of the gross income of such company which is derived from such sources.

(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 268; Pub. L. 85–866, title I, §38, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1638; Pub. L. 91–172, title IX, §908(a), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 94–12, title VI, §602(a)(2), Mar. 29, 1975, 89 Stat. 58; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, §§1901(a)(109), 1906(b)(13)(A), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1783, 1834; Pub. L. 95–345, §2(a)(3), Aug. 15, 1978, 92 Stat. 481; Pub. L. 95–600, title VII, §701(s)(1), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2911; Pub. L. 97–424, title V, §547(b)(1), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2199; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title X, §1071(a)(1), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1049; Pub. L. 99–514, title VI, §§652(a), (b), 653(a)–(c), 654(a), title XII, §1235(f)(3), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2297, 2298, 2575; Pub. L. 100–647, title I, §1006(m), (n)(1), (2)(A), (B), (4), (5), (o), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3415, 3416; Pub. L. 105–34, title XII, §1271(a)–(b)(7), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 1036, 1037; Pub. L. 108–357, title III, §331(a)–(d), (f), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1476; Pub. L. 111–325, title II, §201(a), (b), Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3539, 3540.)

References in Text

The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (b)(2)(A), (c)(6), and (f)(1), is title I of act Aug. 22, 1940, ch. 686, 54 Stat. 789, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter I (§80a–1 et seq.) of chapter 2D of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. Section 2(a)(36) of the Act is classified to section 80a–2(a)(36) of Title 15. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 80a–51 of Title 15 and Tables.

Amendments

2010—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–325, §201(a), designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, and added par. (2).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 111–325, §201(b), added subsec. (i).

2004—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–357, §331(b), inserted “(other than a qualified publicly traded partnership as defined in subsection (h))” after “derived from a partnership” in concluding provisions.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 108–357, §331(a), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “at least 90 percent of its gross income is derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans (as defined in section 512(a)(5)), and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities (as defined in section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies; and”.

Subsec. (b)(3)(B). Pub. L. 108–357, §331(f), amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “not more than 25 percent of the value of its total assets is invested in the securities (other than Government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, or of two or more issuers which the taxpayer controls and which are determined, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses.”

Subsec. (c)(5), (6). Pub. L. 108–357, §331(c), added par. (5) and redesignated former par. (5) as (6).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 108–357, §331(d), added subsec. (h).

1997—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(1), in concluding provisions, substituted “paragraph (2), amounts excludable” for “paragraphs (2) and (3), amounts excludable” and struck out “In the case of the taxable year in which a regulated investment company is completely liquidated, there shall not be taken into account under paragraph (3) any gain from the sale, exchange, or distribution of any property after the adoption of the plan of complete liquidation.” at end.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(a), inserted “and” at end.

Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(a), redesignated par. (4) as (3) and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “less than 30 percent of its gross income is derived from the sale or disposition of any of the following which was held for less than 3 months:

“(A) stock or securities (as defined in section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended),

“(B) options, futures, or forward contracts (other than options, futures, or forward contracts on foreign currencies), or

“(C) foreign currencies (or options, futures, or forward contracts on foreign currencies) but only if such currencies (or options, futures, or forward contracts) are not directly related to the company's principal business of investing in stock or securities (or options and futures with respect to stocks or securities), and”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(2), substituted “subsection (b)(3)” for “subsection (b)(4)” in heading and introductory provisions.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(3), substituted “subsections (b)(3)” for “subsections (b)(4)”.

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(4), substituted “subsection (b)(3)” for “subsection (b)(4)”.

Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(5), substituted “subsections (b)(3)” for “subsections (b)(4)”.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(6), redesignated subsec. (h) as (g) and struck out former subsec. (g) which provided for treatment of certain hedging transactions.

Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(7), struck out par. (3) which provided special rule for abnormal redemptions.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 105–34, §1271(b)(6), redesignated subsec. (h) as (g).

1988—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(m)(1), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “which, at all times during the taxable year, is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (15 U.S.C. 80a–1 to 80b–2), as a management company, business development company, or unit investment trust, or”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(n)(1), (5), inserted at end “Income derived from a partnership or trust shall be treated as described in paragraph (2) only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership or trust (as the case may be) which would be described in paragraph (2) if realized by the regulated investment company in the same manner as realized by the partnership or trust. In the case of the taxable year in which a regulated investment company is completely liquidated, there shall not be taken into account under paragraph (3) any gain from the sale, exchange, or distribution of any property after the adoption of the plan of complete liquidation.”

Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(n)(2)(B), substituted “which are not directly related” for “which are not ancillary” in last sentence.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(n)(2)(A), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “less than 30 percent of its gross income is derived from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities held for less than 3 months; and”.

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(m)(2), substituted “a management company or a business development company described in subsection (a)(1)” for “a registered management company or registered business development company”.

Subsec. (g)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(n)(4), substituted “contractual obligation” for “contractual option”.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(o)(1), redesignated subsec. (q) as (h).

Subsec. (h)(3). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(o)(2), added par. (3).

Subsec. (q). Pub. L. 100–647, §1006(o)(1), redesignated subsec. (q) as (h).

1986—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 99–514, §652(a), substituted “as a management company, business development company, or unit investment trust” for “either as a management company or as a unit investment trust”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–514, §1235(f)(3), inserted “or 1293(a)” and “or 1293(c) (as the case may be)”, in concluding provision.

Pub. L. 99–514, §653(c), inserted before last sentence “For purposes of paragraph (2), the Secretary may by regulation exclude from qualifying income foreign currency gains which are not ancillary to the company's principal business of investing in stock or securities (or options and futures with respect to stock or securities).”

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 99–514, §653(b), inserted “(as defined in section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies”.

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 99–514, §652(b), substituted “registered management company or registered business development company” for “registered management company”.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 99–514, §653(a), added subsec. (g).

Subsec. (q). Pub. L. 99–514, §654(a), added subsec. (q).

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–369 struck out “(other than a personal holding company as defined in section 542)” after “any domestic corporation” in introductory provisions.

1983—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–424 substituted “section 103(a)” for “section 103(a)(1)” after “gross income under”.

1978—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–600 required that for purposes of pars. (2) and (3), amounts excludable from gross income under section 103(a)(1) shall be treated as included in gross income.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 95–345 inserted provision relating to payments with respect to securities loans.

1976—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 94–455, §1901(a)(109)(A), struck out “54 Stat. 789;” before “15 U.S.C. 80a–1 to 80b–2)”.

Subsec. (b)(1), (4)(B). Pub. L. 94–455, §1901(a)(109)(B), struck out “which began after December 31, 1941” after “previous taxable year” in par. (1), and “or his delegate” after “Secretary” in par. (4)(B).

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 94–455, §1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary” wherever appearing.

1975—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–12 inserted provisions directing that, for purposes of par. (2), there shall be treated as dividends amounts included in gross income under section 951(a)(1)(A)(i) for the taxable year to the extent that, under section 959(a)(1), there is a distribution out of earnings and profits of the taxable year which are attributable to the amounts so included.

1969—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 91–172 added subsec. (f).

1958—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 85–866, §38(a), substituted “not earlier than 60 days” for “not less than 60 days” in first sentence.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 85–866, §38(b), substituted “issuer” for “issues”.

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–325, title II, §201(d), Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3541, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 852 of this title] shall apply to taxable years with respect to which the due date (determined with regard to any extensions) of the return of tax for such taxable year is after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 2010].”

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–357 applicable to taxable years beginning after Oct. 22, 2004, see section 331(h) of Pub. L. 108–357, set out as a note under section 469 of this title.

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–34 applicable to taxable years beginning after Aug. 5, 1997, see section 1271(c) of Pub. L. 105–34, set out as a note under section 817 of this title.

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Section 1006(n)(2)(C) of Pub. L. 100–647 provided that: “Subparagraph (C) of section 851(b)(3) of the 1986 Code (as amended by subparagraph (A)), and the amendment made by subparagraph (B) [amending this section], shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 10, 1988].”

Amendment by section 1006(m), (n)(1), (2)(A), (4), (5), (o) of Pub. L. 100–647 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Section 652(c) of Pub. L. 99–514 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1986.”

Section 653(d) of Pub. L. 99–514 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 22, 1986].”

Section 654(b) of Pub. L. 99–514 provided that:

“(1) In general.—The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 22, 1986].

“(2) Treatment of certain existing series funds.—In the case of a regulated investment company which has more than one fund on the date of the enactment of this act, and has before such date been treated for Federal income tax purposes as a single corporation—

“(A) the amendment made by subsection (a), and the resulting treatment of each fund as a separate corporation, shall not give rise to the realization or recognition of income or loss by such regulated investment company, its funds, or its shareholders, and

“(B) the tax attributes of such regulated investment company shall be appropriately allocated among its funds.”

Amendment by section 1235(f)(3) of Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to taxable years of foreign corporations beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, see section 1235(h) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1291 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–369 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1982, with certain exceptions, see section 1071(a)(5) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 852 of this title.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendments

Section 701(s)(3) of Pub. L. 95–600 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 852 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1975.”

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–345 applicable with respect to amounts received after Dec. 31, 1976, as payments with respect to securities loans (as defined in section 512(a)(5) of this title), and transfers of securities, under agreements described in section 1058 of this title, occurring after such date, see section 2(e) of Pub. L. 95–345, set out as a note under section 509 of this title.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Amendment by section 1901(a)(109) of Pub. L. 94–455 effective for taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 1901(d) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as a note under section 2 of this title.

Effective Date of 1975 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 94–12 applicable to taxable years of foreign corporations beginning after Dec. 31, 1975, and to taxable years of United States shareholders (within the meaning of section 951(b) of this title) within which or with which such taxable years of such foreign corporations end, see section 602(f) of Pub. L. 94–12, set out as an Effective Date note under section 955 of this title.

Effective Date of 1969 Amendment

Section 908(b) of Pub. L. 91–172 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years of unit investment trusts ending after December 31, 1968, and to taxable years of holders of interests in such trusts ending with or within such taxable years of such trusts. The enactment of this section shall not be construed to result in the realization of gain or loss by any unit investment trust or by any holder of an interest in a unit investment trust.”

Effective Date of 1958 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 85–866 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1953, and ending after Aug. 16, 1954, see section 1(c)(1) of Pub. L. 85–866, set out as a note under section 165 of this title.

As of Read Date 3/1/12, ALL US Tax Laws subject to change and update and you MUST confirm as filing or relying.

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SEC ACT 40 § 270.2a-4 Definition of “current net asset value”

2012-02-29T08:36:00.003-08:00

SEC ACT 40 Rules - Defining "Current Net Asset Value":

§ 270.2a-4 Definition of “current net asset value” for use in computing periodically the current price of redeemable security.

(a) The current net asset value of any redeemable security issued by a registered investment company used in computing periodically the current price for the purpose of distribution, redemption, and repurchase means an amount which reflects calculations, whether or not recorded in the books of account, made substantially in accordance with the following, with estimates used where necessary or appropriate.

(1) Portfolio securities with respect to which market quotations are readily available shall be valued at current market value, and other securities and assets shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the board of directors of the registered company.

(2) Changes in holdings of portfolio securities shall be reflected no later than in the first calculation on the first business day following the trade date.

(3) Changes in the number of outstanding shares of the registered company resulting from distributions, redemptions, and repurchases shall be reflected no later than in the first calculation on the first business day following such change.

(4) Expenses, including any investment advisory fees, shall be included to date of calculation. Appropriate provision shall be made for Federal income taxes if required. Investment companies which retain realized capital gains designated as a distribution to shareholders shall comply with paragraph (h) of §210.6–03 of Regulation S-X.

(5) Dividends receivable shall be included to date of calculation either at ex-dividend dates or record dates, as appropriate.

(6) Interest income and other income shall be included to date of calculation.

(b) The items which would otherwise be required to be reflected by paragraphs (a) (4) and (6) of this section need not be so reflected if cumulatively, when netted, they do not amount to as much as one cent per outstanding share.

(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, any interim determination of current net asset value between calculations made as of the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the preceding business day and the current business day may be estimated so as to reflect any change in current net asset value since the closing calculation on the preceding business day.

(Secs. 7, 19(a), 48 Stat. 78, 85, 908, 15 U.S.C. 77g, 77s(a); secs. 12, 13, 15(d), 23(a), 48 Stat. 892, 894, 895, 901; secs. 3, 8, 49 Stat. 1377, 1379, secs. 3, 4, 78 Stat. 569, 570, secs. 1, 2, 82 Stat. 454, 15 U.S.C. 78l, 78m, 78o(d), 78w(a); secs. 8, 22, 30, 31(c), 38(a), 54 Stat. 803, 823, 836, 838, 841, 15 U.S.C. 80a–8, 80a–22, 80a–29, 80a–30(c))

[29 FR 19101, Dec. 30, 1964, as amended at 35 FR 314, Jan. 8, 1970; 47 FR 56844, Dec. 21, 1982]

As of 2/27/12 - ALL US Securities Laws and Rules subject to change and update and you MUST confirm as filing or relying.

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FFEIC / Bank Reporting: Banks and Banking § 1750.4 Minimum capital requirement computation.

2012-02-13T19:03:00.000-08:00

FFEIC Bank Reporting :
§ 1750.4 Minimum capital requirement computation.

(a) The minimum capital requirement for each Enterprise shall be computed by adding the following amounts:

(1) 2.50 percent times the aggregate on-balance sheet assets of the Enterprise;

(2) 0.45 percent times the unpaid principal balance of mortgage-backed securities and substantially equivalent instruments that were issued or guaranteed by the Enterprise;

(3) 0.45 percent of 50 percent of the average dollar amount of commitments outstanding each quarter over the preceding four quarters;

(4) 0.45 percent of the outstanding principal amount of bonds with multifamily credit enhancements;

(5) 0.45 percent of the dollar amount of sold portfolio remittances pending;

(6)(i) 3.00 percent of the credit equivalent amount of interest rate contracts and foreign exchange rate contracts, except to the extent of the current market value of posted qualifying collateral, computed in accordance with appendix A to this subpart;

(ii) 1.50 percent of the market value of qualifying collateral posted to secure interest rate and foreign exchange rate contracts, not to exceed the credit equivalent amount of such contracts, computed in accordance with appendix A to this subpart; and

(7) 0.45 percent of the outstanding amount, credit equivalent amount, or other measure determined appropriate by the Director, of other off-balance sheet obligations (excluding commitments, multifamily credit enhancements, sold portfolio remittances pending, and interest rate contracts and foreign exchange rate contracts), except as adjusted by the Director to reflect differences in the credit risk of such obligations in relation to mortgage-backed securities.

(b) Any asset or financial obligation that is properly classifiable in more than one of the categories enumerated in paragraphs (a) (1) through (7) of this section shall be classified in the category that yields the highest minimum capital requirement.

(c) As used in this section, the term “preceding four quarters” means the last day of the quarter just ended (or the date for which the minimum capital report is filed, if different), and the three preceding quarter-ends.

As of Read Date 2/13/12 ALL US BANK Laws subject to change and update and you MUST confirm as filing or relying.

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Reg T - Credit by Broker-Dealers / US Bank Laws Title 12 Part 220 § 220.3 General Provisions

2012-02-06T12:37:00.000-08:00

Title 12 Banks and Banking - Part 220 Credit by Brokers and Dealers (Regulation T):

§ 220.3 General provisions.

(a) Records. The creditor shall maintain a record for each account showing the full details of all transactions.

(b) Separation of accounts— (1) In general. The requirements of one account may not be met by considering items in any other account. If withdrawals of cash or securities are permitted under this part, written entries shall be made when cash or securities are used for purposes of meeting requirements in another account.

(2) Exceptions. Notwithstanding paragraph (b)(1) of this section:

(i) For purposes of calculating the required margin for a security in a margin account, assets held in the good faith account pursuant to §220.6(e)(1)(i) or (ii) may serve in lieu of margin;

(ii) Transfers may be effected between the margin account and the special memorandum account pursuant to §§220.4 and 220.5.

(c) Maintenance of credit. Except as prohibited by this part, any credit initially extended in compliance with this part may be maintained regardless of:

(1) Reductions in the customer's equity resulting from changes in market prices;

(2) Any security in an account ceasing to be margin or exempted; or

(3) Any change in the margin requirements prescribed under this part.

(d) Guarantee of accounts. No guarantee of a customer's account shall be given any effect for purposes of this part.

(e) Receipt of funds or securities. (1) A creditor, acting in good faith, may accept as immediate payment:

(i) Cash or any check, draft, or order payable on presentation; or

(ii) Any security with sight draft attached.

(2) A creditor may treat a security, check or draft as received upon written notification from another creditor that the specified security, check, or draft has been sent.

(3) Upon notification that a check, draft, or order has been dishonored or when securities have not been received within a reasonable time, the creditor shall take the action required by this part when payment or securities are not received on time.

(4) To temporarily finance a customer's receipt of securities pursuant to an employee benefit plan registered on SEC Form S–8 or the withholding taxes for an employee stock award plan, a creditor may accept, in lieu of the securities, a properly executed exercise notice, where applicable, and instructions to the issuer to deliver the stock to the creditor. Prior to acceptance, the creditor must verify that the issuer will deliver the securities promptly and the customer must designate the account into which the securities are to be deposited.

(f) Exchange of securities. (1) To enable a customer to participate in an offer to exchange securities which is made to all holders of an issue of securities, a creditor may submit for exchange any securities held in a margin account, without regard to the other provisions of this part, provided the consideration received is deposited into the account.

(2) If a nonmargin, nonexempted security is acquired in exchange for a margin security, its retention, withdrawal, or sale within 60 days following its acquisition shall be treated as if the security is a margin security.

(g) Arranging for loans by others. A creditor may arrange for the extension or maintenance of credit to or for any customer by any person, provided the creditor does not willfully arrange credit that violates parts 221 or 224 of this chapter.

(h) Innocent mistakes. If any failure to comply with this part results from a mistake made in good faith in executing a transaction or calculating the amount of margin, the creditor shall not be deemed in violation of this part if, promptly after the discovery of the mistake, the creditor takes appropriate corrective action.

(i) Foreign currency. (1) Freely convertible foreign currency may be treated at its U.S. dollar equivalent, provided the currency is marked-to-market daily.

(2) A creditor may extend credit denominated in any freely convertible foreign currency.

(j) Exempted borrowers. (1) A member of a national securities exchange or a registered broker or dealer that has been in existence for less than one year may meet the definition of exempted borrower based on a six-month period.

(2) Once a member of a national securities exchange or registered broker or dealer ceases to qualify as an exempted borrower, it shall notify its lender of this fact before obtaining additional credit. Any new extensions of credit to such a borrower, including rollovers, renewals, and additional draws on existing lines of credit, are subject to the provisions of this part.

[Reg. T, 63 FR 2822, Jan. 16, 1998]

As of Read Date 2/6/12 ALL US Bank Laws subject to change and update and you must confirm as filing or relying.

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