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1 Introduction to System Programming

2019-04-15T18:24:00.001+05:30

1 Introduction to System Programming

What is system software

what is system software state the goal of system software?

A system software program that helps in the effective execution of application programs system software all the application programmer to focus on the application to be developed without worrying about the internal detail of the system

the system software is computer software designed to operate computer hardware and to provide a platform for running application software

example: assembler linker compiler interpreter microprocessor and operating system

Goal of system software

1 to make effective execution of general user program
2 achieve efficient use of available resources
3 to achieve the efficient performance of the system
4 to make available new better facilities
5 the user provides a convenient method of using a computer system

Component of system software

what are the four components of system software?

the above figure shows the Abstract view of system component

the system software is usually related to the architecture of the computer machine on which they are running

following are the component of system software

1 Assemble
2 Loader
3 Linker
4 Compiler
5 Interpreter
6 Microprocessor

1 Assemble

and assembler is a program that accepts Input and assembly language program and produces its machine language equivalent code along with information for the loader, in short, the assembler is responsible for the transmitting Assembly language program into machine code

the assembler can define as a computer program that translates assembly code into the corresponding machine code that can be executed by the computer

2 Loader

installing code in memory is called as loading a loader is a system software program that performs loading function loading is the process of placing the program into memory for execution the loader load an object code into memory and prepare it for execution

3 Linker

the task of integrating the program module together is called as linking linker is a program that takes one or more objects generated by the compiler and combines them into a single executable program

figure concept of linker:

we can define a linker as a computer program that takes or combines serval separately compile object files into one is an executable program

4 Compiler

a compiler translates a program written in a high-level programming language into a low-level machine language that is required by computer compiler takes as its input a program written its source language and produces an equivalent program in the target system

fig compilation process

5 Interpreter

it is designed to run another non-executable program source code directly without compiling it first interpreter is a program which translates statement of a program into machine code translate only one statement of the program at a time. means it read only one statement of a program translate it and execute its

example basic logo small talk etc

fig interpreter

6 Microprocessor

macros: micro is a single line abbreviation for a set of instruction micro is a line of computer programming coding that results in one or more lines of program coding in the target programming language

Macros also called as a macro instruction

Syntax of macro

a macro can be defined by using two pseudo opcodes (ops)

1 MACRO 2 ENDM

MACRO : indicate the start of a macro definition

2 ENDM :indicates the end of the micro definition

MACRO

MACRO NAME

set of instruction

ENDM

example

MACRO

ADDITION

ADD A, DATA

ADD B, DATA

ENDM

Macro processor

the macro processor allows you to define and use macros in your assembly programs a processor replaces each macroinstruction with the corresponding group of source language statement macro, this is called as expanding the macro

The macro processor treats the identical part of a program defined by Abbreviation as a micro definition and saves the definition

The macro processor substitutes the definition for all occurrences of the abbreviation in the program in short a macro processor

1 recognised a macro definition
2 save the macro definition
3 recognised macro calls
4 Expand macro calls

fig mpo processor

Evolution of system software

Describe the evolution of system software?

1 the early computers were the program in the machine language
2 the programmer would write out the symbolic program on a sheet of paper hand assemble into machine code and then toggle the machine code into the computer. The symbols Where are bound to who addresses and programmer binding the names to the machine address
3 the assembler save the problem by allowing the programmer has to write a program in term of symbolic names and binding the name to the machine address. Letter on to basic linker function reallocation and Library search predates even assemblers
4the linker and loader divided up the work with linker doing part of address binding assigning addresses with which program and loader doing a final reallocation step to assign
5 linker had to deal with the object code generated by high-level programming language search FORTRAN
6 the high-level programming language code becomes larger than available memory, so linker provided overlays technique that programmer arrange different part of the program to share the same memory with each overlay loaded on demand when another part of the program called into it
7 the overlays Where are widely used on the mainframe computer from the advance of the disk around 1960 until the virtual memory in 1970
8 compiler and assembler were modified to create object code in multiple sections with one sectional for read-only code, another code for writeable data

Evolution of the operating system

Describes the evolution of the operating system? (8mark)

1The earliest computer where entirely program in the machine memory devices different file system increase the efficient management of these resources become more critical. these resources are valuable and hence management of them is very important.
2 The early batch system when the operating system in which the memory resources were allocated totally a single program hence the program did not need to your entire memory, a portion of that resources was wasted
3 Multiprogramming operating system with motion core memory Where are developed to solve this problem, multiprogramming allow multiple programs to reside into at the same time. separate area code at the same time. here programs then give a fix portion of code memory
4 In a multiprogramming operating system as a new technology such as fragmentation paging demand paging where the use
5 In a multiprocessing operating system, the traffic controller was used to coordinates the processor. and the process. In multiprocessing operating system OS resources scheduler,input-output scheduler there used on the basis of
6letter on the time-sharing operating system where are developed in which time-sharing is one of the techniques of allocating processor time used.Currently the operating system available consist of batch processing, multiprogramming, multiprocessing and time sharing characteristics

Foundation of system programming

Explain the foundation of system programming

fig

system programming is a process of activity through which programmer can design system software above figure shows the foundation of system programming

Definition: system software refers to the files and programs that make up your operating system

system software increases the productivity of computer which depends upon the effectiveness efficiency and sophistication of the system program

1 The compiler is a system program that accepts people like language and translates them into machine language
2 The loader is a program that prepares a machine language program for execution microprocessor to allow programmers to use the abbreviation system program provide efficient management of various resources it manages resource allocation such as MS Windows, Linux, Mac OS allow flexible storing and retrieval of information
3 microprocessor allows the programmer to use the abbreviation
component of the machine structure

Memory: it is a device where information is Store
Processor: they are the devices that operate on the memory information
I/O Processor: they are a concern with the transfer of data between memory and peripheral devices like disc CD DVD printer etc..IO processor execute IO instruction that is stored in the memory
Central Processing Unit (CPU): the CPU are concerned with the manipulation of data store in memory
fig

An important question for exam

1 what is system software? explain the evolution of System Programming software? (8 marks)

2 write a note on the component of system software with example? (4 marks)

3 explain the foundation of system programming? (4 marks)

4 explain OS as manager of the system? (4 marks)

5 define term compiler assembler loader macros? 04 mark)

Important quetion for Electrical Technology (ETE-17331)

2019-03-01T15:06:00.001+05:30

The important question for electrical ETE(17331)

The important difference for an exam

Give a comparison ofAuto transformer with two winding transformers? (4marks)
Difference between MCB and Fuse with respect to (a) function (b)cost (c)operation (d)safety (e)secure operation ? (4marks)
Difference between statically induce emf and dynamically induced emf? (4marks)
State advantages 3 phase circuit over 1 phase circuit
Difference between star connection and delta connection? (4marks)
Difference between Resistance split phase IM and capacitor start I'm? (4marks)
Difference between RL series circuit and RC series circuit? (4marks)
Difference between statically induced emf and dynamically induced emf? (4marks)
Difference between Resistance split phase capacitor and standard induced motor? (4marks)

Important diagrame for the exam

Draw a neat diagram of capacitor star induction motor state any two application? (4marks)
Draw the waveform of voltage and current of a pure capacitive circuit? (4marks)
Draw a neat diagram of impedance triangle? (4marks)
Draw phaser diagram for both star and delta connection balanced load? (4marks)
Draw a neat diagram of pipe earthing? (8marks)
Draw waveform leading and lagging alternating quantity? (4marks)
Draw the connection diagram for the measurement of 1 phase power using the dynamometer
Draw impendence triangle Rl and Rc series circuit? (4marks)
Draw waveform three phase ac circuit? (4marks)
Draw waveform of 3 phase ac supply? (4marks)
Draw a neat diagram of a single phase autotransformer? (4marks)
Draw a neat diagram of the shaded pole motor? (4marks)
Draw a neat diagram of plate earthing

the important question for the exam

Define following term related to network (a)branch,(b)mesh or loop(c)node or junction? (4marks)
State ohm law? (4marks)
State and explain Kirchhoff's voltage law? (4marks) OR state KCL? OR what is sign convention used in Kirchhoff's law? OR state law applicable for nodel analysis?
state KVL? OR state law applicable for mesh analysis? (4mark)
state application of Kirchhoff's law? (4mark)
state and explain the series circuit and parallel circuit? (4mark)
Enlist formula for the star to delta conversion and delta to star conversion? (4mark)
State faradays law of electromagnetic induction? (4mark)
State Lenz law? (4mark)
State and explain types of induced emf?
Define the phaser diagram? (4mark)
Define phase, phase difference? (4mark)
Define (a)zero phase difference or in phase alternating quantity (b)out of phase voltage(c)leading phase difference or leading alternating quantity(d)lagging phase difference or lagging alternating quantity? (4mark)
with reference alternating quantity define the following term:- (1)waveform (2)instantaneous value (3)cycle (4)Time period (5)Frequency (6)amplitude (7)angular velocity (8)angular frequency(9)peak value and peak to peak value (10)RMS value,effective value,virtual value (11)angular value (12)form factor (13)peak factor ,crest factor or amplitude factor (14)active power (15)reactive power (16)apparent (17)inductive reactance(18)capacitive reactance (19)inductance(20)capacitance (21)impedance triangle(22)power triangle(23)reluctance(24)power factor? (4marks)
Safety precaution against the electrical system? (4marks)
Universal motor and application? (4marks)
Explain the construction of a single phase transformer? (4marks)
state the need for earthing in the electrical system? (4marks)
Define the electromotive force and its unit? (4marks

50 Important quetion for java programing

2019-02-28T00:05:00.000+05:30

An important question for java

State and explain and explain any four feature of Java? (4 marks)
What is thread draw thread life cycle diagram in Java? explain any two relational operators in Java? (4 marks)
Describe the life cycle of the thread? (4 marks)
What is exception how it is handled? (4 marks)
What is? operator code explanation with an example? (4 marks)
What is a single level inheritance? (4 marks)
What is package state how to create and access is user-defined package in Java? (6marks)
Explain with an example how to achieve multiple inheritance and interface? (6marks)
Difference between array and vector? (4 marks)
Difference between interface and class with the syntax? (4 marks)
State the use of super and final keyword with the example? (4 marks)
What is meant by interface state its need and write Syntax of an interface (4 marks)
Explain applet life cycle with suitable? (8marks)
Example of how multiple inheritances achieved in java? (8marks)
Write program to create vector elements (10,20,30,40,50) remove element third and fourth position? (4 marks)
Write a program to find the sum of digits of the number entered by the user? (4 marks)
State three use of final keyword? (4 marks)
Define constructor and explain parameterized constructor? (4 marks)
Program to check whether a number is prime or not? (4 marks)
Explain serialisation with stream class explain ternary operator in Java with the example?(4 marks)
Write a program to design an applet to display three circle field? with three (4 marks)
Write a program to command line argument and print number Even and Odd? (4 marks)
What is the use of stream class write two methods of file reader class? (4 marks)
Right primitive data type within java with their stastorage in a byte?(4 marks)
Write a program to generate Fibonacci series? (4 marks)
Explain the break and continue statement? (4 marks)
Write program number is prime or not? (4 marks)
What is constructor explain overloading constructor? (4 marks)
Explain method overloading with an example? (4 marks)
Explain the vector with the proper example? (4 marks)
Explain following method of applet life cycle(a)draw Rect (),(b)draw Polygon(),(c)draw RoudnRect(),(d)draw Arc? 4 marks)
Explain following method of vector class,(a)element At (),(b)add element(),(c)remove element(),(d)draw Arc? (4 marks)? (4 marks)
Explain <param tag> of the applet with suitable example? (4 marks)
Describe the final method and final variable with respect inheritance
Describe following method of string class :- length char at(),compare to()? (4 marks)
what are garbage collection and final method in java? (4 marks)
Define jdk list the tool available in JDK explain anyone in detail ? (4 marks)
What is an interface? how to add an interface to package interface? (4 marks)
what is stream class list any two input stream class from a character stream(4marks)
Explain the life cycle of thread with the neat diagram? (8 marks)
Explain any two bitwise operators? (4 marks)
Difference between string and string buffer? (4 marks)
Write a program to copy content of one file to another file using character stream class? (4 marks)
Write anytwo method of File and Fileinput stream class?(4 marks)
What is package ?how tocreate package with suitable example?(4 marks)
State the use of super and final keyword with respect to inheritance with example?(4 marks)
What is jvm? what is byte code? (4 marks)
What is singale level inheritance? (4 marks)

Important topic for softwer testing

2019-02-26T22:57:00.000+05:30

An important topic for software testing

Test plan activity and advantages
Top-down integration testing
Black box testing
The software testing skill of software tester
GUI testing
Defect management process
White box testing
Positive testing Negative testing
Bidirectional integration testing
Difference between verification and validation
Difference between alpha testing and beta testing
Difference between manual testing and automation testing
Defect life cycle
v-model
Boundary value analysis
Decision table
Integration testing
Difference between quality assurance and quality control
Client-server testing
Test case facebook test case, Gmail test case twitter test case login form

Introduction to java

2019-02-23T10:01:00.001+05:30

what is java

java is a programming language previously known as the name of oak
it contain extensive library Java can be used to create web application Java can also be used for developing a desktop application it is truly object oriented language it look like a c plus plus develop at Sun Microsystem in 1991

feature of Java

simple object oriented distributed interpreted robust secure architecture neutral portable high performance multithread dynamic

simple
occurres all the functionality of C + + many feature of C plus plus is remove that is pointer structure type definition

Object oriented

it follows all principle of object oriented programming namely inheritance polymorphism and abstraction multiple inheritance is possible with the concept of interface

Distributed

it is design as a distributed language for creating application on network it has ability to share both data and programs application can open an access a remote object on internet easily as they can do in local system

chapter for java programming

2019-02-22T22:57:00.000+05:30

java programming

Introduction to Java 16marks

Classe, Object and Interface 24marks

Interface and package 12marks

Exception handling and multi-threaded programming 20 marks

Java applet and graphics programming 12marks

File input output and collection framework 12marks

important questions for Object Oriented Modeling and Design (omd) 17630

2019-02-21T15:32:00.000+05:30

Important questions for Object Oriented Modeling and Design

Explain notation used in use case diagram?
Draw state chart diagram for ATM?
Draw deployment diagram for login form?
Draw sequence diagram for the student registration system
Draw and explain notation use for object diagram
Explain the object modeling technique(OMT) by rambugh
Explain attribute, link attribute with reference to class and object
Explain <<include>> and <<extended>> relationship use case diagram
Difference between aggregation and association
Explain diagram create destroy the message
Draw difference notation use for component diagram
Draw use case diagram for the railway reservation system
Explain join and fork with the example
Give any four principles of modeling
Draw activity diagram for hospital management system
Explain notation used in a state diagram
Draw component diagram for login for the railway reservation system
Draw use case diagram for railway ticket
draw use case railway ticket counter booking clerk
Draw activity and state diagram for an online reservation system
Explain the difference relationship in UML
Explain generalization and inheritance
Draw sequence diagram for ATM session
Explain the concept of interface and port
List classifies variously UML diagram
Draw activity diagram with swim lane for online purchase order
Draw and explain notation used in the activity diagram
Explain synchronous and asynchronous message in sequence diagram draw sequence diagram student admission in your institute
Draw activity diagram making photocopy xerox (very imp)
Explain different notation used for component diagram
Describe notation used for deployment diagram
Describe branching and forking in an activity diagram
Describe the concept of decision making and branching