Health And Diseases Blog

Ringworm Disease

2013-01-10T10:04:00.000+05:00

There are many types of skin diseases, some are harmful and some are less harmful, no disease in the world gives advantage, as the Ringworm is also a skin disorder which is also know as Tinea it happens with skin fungi, it also has some types. This disease is not caused by Ringworm ( insects ) but the name is derived from the shape of the affected area, as the spots are round and red in color. (Like you can see in the image)

Ringworm can mostly occur to any age of people but the rate in children is more than adults,
Ringworm can be caused to another person through swimming pool water, dusty gloves or shoes, and places having lots of dust and sewerage water.
A person can cause this disease from another person by touching the affected area or using his day to day things like cums, brushes, cloths etc. The affected area itches a lot when this disease occurs and the only way to cure is to use anti-fungal medicines.

Naegleria Fowleri

2012-07-19T16:31:00.000+05:00

Naegleria Fowleri is a deadly virus, which is mostly found in discharged soil mostly found near industries and in fresh warm water, it causes infection in human brain and results in severe condition of a person who causes this virus, the entrance of this virus is mainly through nose, when people swim or dives in swimming pools, lakes, rivers etc Naegleria fowleri virus directly enters into the nose part and causes a severe infection.

Once a person gets this virus, its is very difficult to survive as the ratio of dead after getting this virus is 95%.

Few cases of this virus are reported in USA, UK, New Zealand each year.

Symptoms of Naegleria Fowleri:

After getting into the brain of a person Naegleria Fowleri virus takes around 1-2 weeks to show its presence, victim feels change in smell, taste, vomiting and fever are also reported.

Wrinkles

2012-05-27T06:26:00.000+05:00

Wrinkles is not a disease nor any virus or bacteria but wrinkle appears on a human being as well as on animals as the age passes through, wrinkles are also considered as the sign of maturity, these wrinkles are also seen on the fingers when a person take more time in swimming pool or water.

Causes of Wrinkles:

* The main cause is the age factor and majority of people get wrinkles on skin when they cross 60-65 years of age.
* Smoking is another cause of having wrinkles on skin.
* Taking enough sun bath can also cause it.
* Heredity.
* Drinking less amount of water.
* People who works in sun exposure areas like golf course, grounds often get wrinkles.

How to prevent Wrinkles:

One should follow these steps in order to stay away with it.
* One should use full sleeves shirts, hats or caps and other necessary dress which can prevent from direct sun light.
* Quit smoking as it is cause of dozens of other dangerous diseases as well.
* Drink enough water so that your skin does not get dry and can dehydration.

Wrinkles Treatment:

The wrinkles treatment include some creams and medicines, you cannot say that you can 100% get rid of these wrinkles but some.

Marfan Syndrome

2012-03-11T08:01:00.000+05:00

Marfan syndrome is an inherited disease which damages the connective tissue of the body. the most abundant tissue in the body are the connective tissues and is a vital component to supporting the body's organs.
It provide the body with support and strength to tendons, cartilages, heart valves, and to many other parts of the body, another main function of connective tissues is to strengthen and elasticity of blood valves.
Because the connective tissues are present in the whole body, Marfan syndrome can affect many parts, including the bones, skin, heart and blood vessels, nervous system, lungs and eyes.one of its major effected part is aorta it can badly effect aorta.

Causes of Marfan Syndrome:

1. It is caused due to defect in gene.
2. Mostly this disease is inherited. It can take place similarly in men and women and can be inherited from only one parent having this marfan syndrome disease.

Diagnosis of Marfan Syndrome

:
1. The doctors or experts can take physical exam of eyes, heart, muscle, blood vessels and of skeletal system.
2. They also can take the ECG (electrocardiogram), some x-rays like Chest X-Ray, Echocardiogram and some other tests like CT-Scan and MRI, because they are helpful in diagnosing this disease.

Symptoms of Marfan Syndrome:

The symptoms of marfan syndrome are not yet clearly known but their are some signs through which one can feel it like a person feeling gracelessness in bones, some organs of body not functioning properly, In some cases a person feels fatigue,pain throughout the body or in some organs, loss of appetite and heart blockage.

Rosacea

2012-01-29T08:15:00.000+05:00

Rosacea is another disease of skin which causes redness and pimples on the body of human being and specially it appears on forehead , cheeks, chin, and nose parts. This redness can frequently appear or suddenly disappear. Specialists also call rosacea as "adult acne" because rosacea may cause outbreaks which looks same like acne.
It can be embarrassing sometimes or in the case it is untreated than it will get worst and worst day by day.

Causes of Rosacea:
1. Its main causes are unknown up till now.
2. It may be genetically.
3. Those people who are infected by complexion are seem to be more are seem to be more infected by rosacea.
4. Rosacea often happens when something causes the blood vessels in the face to expand, which causes redness on face.

Symptoms of Rosacea:
1. The red veins which are present on the skin of a person are clearly seen like the web of a spider.
2. Flushed face.
3. Feeling hot or burning on the skin.
4. Itching
5. Itching or sensations on the skin whenever victim apply creams, lotions or medicines.

Treatment of Rosacea:
1. Antibiotics may help.
2. Antibiotic creams are also advised by experts.
3. Surgery may help.
4. Some creams or soaps may be advised by the experts.
5. No one should use severly hot water on body it will result in dryness and can get effected by rosacea.

Graves Disease

2011-12-05T10:57:00.000+05:00

Graves disease is a thyroid condition which affects the gland in a way that the gland results in abnormal over activity and the thyroid of a person starts producing huge amount of hormones.This disease is one of the main cause of hyperthyroidism, it includes nervousness, anxiety, fatigue, bulging eyes, weight loss, hypertension and irritability. Sometimes the complications may lead to life threatening risks.
Graves' disease is more common in women than in men specially in USA. People over the age of 50 who have hypertension or atherosclerosis are at severe risk for developing Graves' disease. Graves' disease is also the most common autoimmune diseases, affecting 13 million people and targeting women seven times as often as men.

Symptoms of Grave’s Disease:

1. Shaky hands.
2. Diarrhea.
3. Weight loss.
4. Tremors.
5. Lack of sleep.
6. Sweating.
7. Fatigue.
8. Irritability.
9. Rapid heart rate.

Diagnosis of Grave’s disease:

A blood test is usually performed to check levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and the thyroid hormone thyroxine. If Low levels of TSH and high levels of thyroxine is found then only this disease can be diagnosed.

Treatment of grave's disease:

There is no way to prevent Graves' disease, high level of thyroid glands can be rolled back to the normal level taking regular medicines and by monitoring disease.

Adenoma

2011-11-09T12:17:00.000+05:00

Adenoma is a benign tumor that develops from epithelial tissues, it is also found in colon it is often referred to as adenomatous polyps, mostly adenomas are not cancerous but they have ability to become cancerous. No doubt they left a noticeable effect where ever they target in the body that organ show that it is affected by adenoma and is quite uncomfortable for the individual. There are many types of adenomas that are common in women, such as adenomas of liver, colon adenoma which is more common in adults of growing age.

Causes of Adenoma:

The cause of adenoma are yet unknown.

Types of Adenoma:

There are three types of adenomas:
1. Tubular.
2. Tubulovillous.
3. Villous.

Symptoms of Adenoma:

1. Bloody cough.
2. Itching.
3. Bleeding.
4. Shortness of breath.
5. Chills.
6. Fatigue.
There are many unfound symptoms of this disease as well.
There could be many other unknown and unseen symptoms as well that can be seen vary widely.

Diagnosis of Adenoma:

1. By collecting urine samples.
2. By blood tests.
3. Ultra sound imaging.
4. CT scan.
5. Biopsy.
6. MRI.

Treatment of Adenoma:

The treatment usually involves the removal of adenoma although such types of medication can also be used to treat symptoms of this disease as well.

Ebola

2011-10-21T07:19:00.000+05:00

Ebola is a deadly virus, the word "Ebola" comes from a name of Ebola River which lies in the northern parts of Congo, Africa, Ebola was first appeared somewhere in 1975-1976, it belongs to the family Filoviridae, which is causative for a severe and sometimes deadly viral hemorrhagic fever, it is mostly found in the animal family of monkeys such as gorillas and chimpanzees, some human beings have also got this virus as well. It is a fatal disease, In an ordinary person the fatality ranges are about 45 to 85 percent, the infections caused by ebola virus are severly acute.

Symptoms of Ebola Virus:

Some of the main symptoms of this ebola virus are:

1. Fever.
2. Headaches.
3. Rash.
4. Profuse hemorrages.
5. The incubation period Ebola HF ranges from 2 to 21 days.
6. Sore throat.
7. Stomach pain.
8. Diarrhea.
9. Vomiting.
10. Muscles and joint pains
11. Internal bleedings.
12. Hiccups.

How this Disease Spread:

1. Ebola is often spread to other people through families and friends of patient, because these people come close to contact with such secretions when caring for infected persons or also with touch of infected needles and objects related to a patient.
2. If used needles or syringes of infected person are reused by any other person then ebola can grow in more people.

Ebola Diagnosis:

1. There are some tests envolved in diagnosing this virus, like ELISA test, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) etc.

Ebola Treatment:

Doctors and specialist usually try to balance the fluids and electrolytes of patient, they also maintain their oxygen status and blood pressure, and treat them for any other infections.

Meningitis

2011-09-29T19:42:00.000+05:00

Meningitis is also a very bad and disturbing disease, mostly it is caused by the viruses or some type of bacteria's but some people may be caused by the certain medications and illnesses which are caused due to some other problems, there are two types of meningitis,

1. Viral meningitis
2. Bacterial meningitis
Bacterial meningitis is rare but it is life threatening if it is not treated well and on time. Whereas Viral meningitis is relatively common and far less serious it often remains undiagnosed because it is similar to the common flu.
If vaccinations are being given on time the meningitis can be treated successfully.

Causes of Meningitis:
1. They are linked with routine illnesses which is caused by any ordinary work.
2. Bacteria and viruses which spoils the skin and other systems of body.
3. It may cause head trauma or other types of local infections in a persons body.

Symptoms of Meningitis:
1. Fever.
2. Fatigue.
3. Headaches.
4. Stiff neck.
5. Illness.
6. Skin rashes.
7. Seizures.
8. Lethargy.
9. Irritability.
10. Eye sensitivity.
11. Photo-phobia.

Treatment of Meningitis:
1. One should see doctor if any of the symptoms found which are given above.
2. The patients should be kept is hospital in order to get proper treatment on time.
3. Intravenous (IV) antibiotics are really helpful in treating this disease.
4. Some diseases and conditions like sweating, fever and vomiting can play a vital role in reducing inflammation of the meninges which totally depends upon meningitis's level.

Anthrax

2011-09-02T06:54:00.000+05:00

Anthrax is one of the deadly infectious disease, mostly the animals are affected by it, it attacks ruminants in most cases in which horses, cattle, sheep and goat are in huge quantity all around the globe, humans can catch this disease as well and the main cause of getting this disease is contacting with animals, now a days this infectious disease is getting and grasping more attention towards treatment, its diagnosis and research as compared to some years back when there was nothing.

Causes of anthrax:

1. It is caused by an infectious bacterium.

Some ways by which it can effect humans:

1. A person can get this disease through parts of skin where he / she may get injury and got healed by it without any proper treatment.

2. Through carcasses of dead animals that have been contaminated with anthrax it may be fatal for a life.

3. One of the deadliest cause of this diseases is through inhalation anthrax. If the spores of anthrax are inhaled by a person, which directly travels to the lungs of a person and where this bacteria creates some more bacteria.

Causes of anthrax:

Anthrax may cause some diseases which are as below:

1. Inhalation anthrax

2. Cutaneous anthrax

3. Gastrointestinal anthrax

Diagnosis of anthrax:

It may be easily diagnosed by following method:

1. Through skin.

2. Through chest x-ray.

3. Through stool or blood tests.

Treatment of anthrax:

1. The skin anthrax can be treated by the penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin (Cipro) easily.

2. A vaccine is available for treating anthrax but before that human welfare or human healths organizations should be reported about it so as they can research and treat that.

3. Anthrax is treated by antibiotics.

Heart Attack

2011-08-12T12:20:00.006+05:00

When there is not enough oxygen flow to a heart, its function begins to suffer, heart is a organ which is responsible for blood and oxygen supply to all over the body, when there is insufficient or no passage for oxygen to flow it. Block the oxygen supply completely, and the muscle of the heart starts to die this is termed as heart attack, it is very common worldwide.

Causes of heart attack:

1. Plaque may become a blokeage.

2. Plaque which is made up of cholesterol it can block veins with lots of calcium deposits.

3. Narrow arteries.

4. Angina

5. Too much smoking may block the arteries.

Risk factors involved in heart attack:

1. Hereditary

2. Smoking

3. Diabetes

4. High blood pressure

5. High cholesterol

6. Cocaine use

7. Abnormal oxygenation

8. Severe angina

Sign and symptoms of heart attack:

1. Chest pain

2. Shortness of breath

3. Nausea

4. Jaw chew

5. Indigestion

6. Weakness

7. Fatigue

8. Pain in heart

9. Too much sweating

First Aid at home:

Immediately take an aspirin if you are concerned with any type of above symptoms or you experience heart attack.

Diagnosis of heart attack:

1. Medical history

2. Physical examinations

3. Diagnosis of cholesterol,smoking and diabetes.

important questions include:

1. When did the pain start?

2. What were you doing?

3. Did you have to stop?

4. Did the pain get better with rest?

5. Did the pain come back with activity?

6. Did the pain stay in your chest or did it move somewhere else, like the jaw, teeth, arm or back?

7. Did you get short of breath?

8. Did you become nauseous?

9. Were you sweating profusely?

Treatment of heart attack:

Treatment may involve weekly tests of blood pressure,blood and ecg.

Migraine Headache

2011-08-07T08:28:00.005+05:00

Migraine headache is a pain of head's half part, this pains occurs when the blood vessels of a person enlarge automatically, it effects more females than males throughout the world, taking America only the ratio of causing migraine in women is three times more than men. This pains last for around 4 to 72 hours in adults and around 1-2 days in children.

Causes of Migraine Headache:

The main migraine headache causes are:
1. Listening to sound continuously for more than 3 hours.
2. Exposure to light for hours, for example, sitting in front of computer or television screen for long time.
3. Stress, hunger and sometimes fatigue plays important role causing migraine headache.
Treatment of Migraine Headache:

The best way that doctors advice is less use of aspirin, person should take rest when having migraine headache and should take medicine according to doctors advice.

Fibromyalgia

2011-07-30T16:02:00.006+05:00

Fibromyalgia is a medical disorder in which a person feels pain and aches throughout the body, this pain is found in some points which are also called tender points, which include low back, hips, shoulders, arms, leg and neck. Tender points which are mentioned above hurts a lot when some sort of pressure is put on them. Majority of people having fibromyalgia are women, there percentage is around 75-85% whereas men have less ratio of it.

Signs and symptoms of Fibromyalgia:

There are many symptoms of fibromyalgia but the main one's are :
1. Fatigue.
2. Joint pain.
3. Depression.
4. Stress.
5. Anxiety.
6. Headaches.

Causes of Fibromyalgia:

It has been caused to many people but its cause is not known up til now, some of the main causes which specialists think that they may be involved are:
1. Infection.
2. Illness.
3. Accidents like bike or car crash.
4. Doing same action again and again and getting injured by that.
5. It may be caused genetically.
6. Due to wrong posture.

Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia:

The diagnosis process is carried out by doctors by checking the past history of patient. It can only be diagnosed if the person have this pain from more than 1-2 months and having pain in tender points.

Treatment of Fibromyalgia:

It can only be treated with regular exercise and doctors advices physical therapy, pain killers are used to control pain.

Myopia

2011-07-23T06:00:00.004+05:00

Myopia Definition:

Myopia is termed as the short sightedness of any individual, he may not see far objects clearly as all normal people can do, its a disorder of eye sightedness, the person cannot see the written things very far or see distant. People having myopia bears difficulty seeing far objects, but can see objects that are near clearly.
Example, a person who is nearsighted may not be in position to see highway signs clearly until he reaches closer to it.

Causes of myopia:

1. The rays of light tilt incorrectly into the eye whose work is to transmit scene or image to the brain.
2. Too much use of computers or television screens from very near may cause myopia.
3. The cornea of these people is curvature.
4. The eye ball may be too long.
5. Myopia may be by birth or by hereditary it runs in many families.

Symptoms of myopia:

1. Fatigue.
2. Eye strains.
3. Headaches.
4. Eyes burning.
5. Unable to look far away.
6. Itching in eyes all the time.
7. Tension in eyes because of tension in eyes.

Diagnosis of myopia:

1. By the standard eye exams used by all the doctors to check the eyesight.
2. By computerized eye checking.

Treatment of myopia:

1. Use of eye glass, lenses or refractive surgery are the main treatment ways.
2. Photorefractive keratectomy.
3. Laser surgery.
4. Various eye exercises may help if they are done daily and time to time.
5. Iron and protein supplement is important in myopia.

Constipation

2011-07-20T22:00:00.004+05:00

Constipation is defined in term as fewer than three stools per week and severe constipation as less than one stool per week, it is a bowel disorder, it is caused by the slow movement of stool through the colon. Colonic inertia and pelvic floor dysfunction causes constipation. More than 95% of people age above 18 have intestine movements between 3-21 times weekly, and this would be considered normal. Constipation is found worldwide, there are many diseases in human body which are caused due to constipation, it is estimated that 75 to 85 diseases are caused as the result of constipation in human body.

Causes of constipation:

1. Slow passive of digesting food.
2. Problem in colon.
3. Colon disorders.
4. Food not chewed well can cause constipation.
5. Narcotic medications also causes constipation.
6. Iron supplements.
7. Increasing in dietry fibre.
8. Laxatives.
9. Hormonal disorders.
10. Pelvic floor dysfunction.
11. Colon inertia.

Diagnosis of constipation:

1. Anal fissure.
2. Medical history.
3. Abdominal x-rays.
4. Blood tests.
5. Barium enema.
6. Physical examinations.
7. Defecography.
8. MRI.

Treatments of constipation:

1. Maximum use of dietry fibre.
2. Using fruits and vegetables.
3. Low dose of food.
4. Use of lubricant laxatives.
5. Emollient laxatives (also known as stool softeners).
6. Hypersmolar laxatives.
7. Use of Colchicine.
8. Exercises.
9. Surgery.

Epilepsy

2011-07-14T21:02:00.005+05:00

Epilepsy was one of the ancient founded brain disorder. Some facts are found that it was also quoted in ancient Babylon around 2500-3000 years ago. It is a brain disorder in which clusters of neurons or nerve cells, which lies in the brain at times signal unaccountably or you can say abnormally. The unfamiliar behavior are so called seizures or epilepsy. It is a disorder of human body it may found everywhere all around the world, no exact cause of this disease has been found yet but it is said that it occurs due to the dis connection or may be the fault in nervous system of the individual somewhere, epilepsy occurs in episodes and accidentally, no one knows when it is going to occur even not the patient is aware of it that suddenly the change will come, for example you are at work and you are a patient of epilepsy you don’t know when and where at the moment will it occur, some schemas about epilepsy are that the water is responsible for epilepsy because it is mostly seen that the patient develop the attack of epilepsy soon after he or she see water. A person having a severe illness may cry out, fall to the floor senseless.

Causes of epilepsy:

No exact cause of epilepsy has been found yet. Epilepsy may develop because of strangeness in brain working.
But some causes are related to brain disorders or genetic factor may play important role, poisoning and head injury may also lead towards epilepsy.
Some other main causes of epilepsy are.
1. Brain tumors.
2. Fatigue.
3. Genetics conditions.
4. Brain injury from birth.
5. Abnormal blood vessels in brain.
6. Leading poisons.

Symptoms of epilepsy:

1. Making of chewing movement.
2. Blink rapidly.
3. Persons feels abnormal smells, sounds or some sort of change in eyesight.
4. Nausea.
5. A blank stare.

Diagnosis of epilepsy:

1. Your previous history.
2. Physical examination.
3. ECG.

Treatment of epilepsy:

The surgery is the only solution along with the medications.

Paralysis

2011-07-12T18:05:00.003+05:00

Paralysis is the loss of muscle movement with in the different body parts. Our body is being controlled by communication system between the central nerve and the central nervous system. Interruption of communication of nerve impulses anywhere along the nerve pathway from the brain to the muscles can damage control of muscle movement and cause muscle weakness and loss of coordination and it may lead towards the loss of movement of muscles which is paralysis. Paralysis symptoms can occur anywhere in the body it may occur either on both sides of the body or only one side. Sudden paralysis is a serious symptom signaling a medical emergency such as stroke or spinal cord injury.

Symptoms of Paralysis:

1. Clumsiness.
2. Fatigue.
3. Drooling.
4. Dumbness.
5. Loss of memory.
6. Confusion with memory.
7. Changes in personality.
8. Changes in behaviors and moods.
9. Fever.
10. Hearing loss.
11. Rash
12. Severe headache.

Causes of paralysis:

1. Disconnection between the central nerve and the central nervous system.
2. Environmental causes such as radiation, toxins or poisons.
3. Head trauma.
4. Strokes.
5. Disability.

Treatment of paralysis:

The treatment of paralysis depends upon the cause of partial paralysis.
It may include:
1. Physical therapies.
2. Medications.
3. Exercises.
4. Surgery.
5. Occupational therapy.
6. Counseling.
7. Rehabilitation in extreme cases.

Heat Rash

2011-07-11T06:43:00.010+05:00

Heat rash which is also known as sweat rash and in some cases prickly heat is a itchy skin disease in which the different parts of body are marked with small rashes or reddish dots. The swear glands which lies in the skin of body are controlled by the brain to regulate temperature of body.
This heat rash takes place when the sweat ducts become blocked up and the sweat cannot get its way towards the surface of skin. It appears in hot and humid conditions like in summer.

Signs and symptoms of Heat Rash:

The main signs and symptoms of heat rash are given below.
1. Small red spots or rashes on the skin parts, usually on face, under breast, neck, chest ( where the rub of clothes takes place ) and folding areas of body like arms.
2. Heat rash or prickly heat looks same as shingles but it is itchy and person should consult doctors quickly.

Causes of Heat Rash:

Following are the causes of heat rash.
1. It is causes by using too much creams and lotion on the skin because it stops the sweat ducts and as a result heat rash is caused.
2. Usage of clothes which are tight enough and do not allow proper evaporation of sweats.
3. It is seen that most of the people tighten their selves with warm clothes during fever which is not good and often causes heat rash.

Heat Rash Prevention:

Use fans and other means of cooling methods in order to keep skin fresh with fresh air, do not use tight clothes and shoes because they cause rash. Do not play or go outside under sun in summer specially.

Heat Rash Treatment:

By applying these steps one can get rid of heat rash.
1. Doctors and specialist advice prickly heat powder or sprays to treat heat rash.
2. Some creams consisting vitamin A and C can treat it but it is not yet certified by the doctors.
3. Some anti-biotics may also needed in order to treat it.

Emphysema

2011-07-06T07:43:00.004+05:00

Emphysema is a disease of lungs , that usually causes shortness of breath which appears due to expansion of the alveoli, it is a long-term disease in which the lung that involve in exchange of gases may be falling out or destroyed. Emphysema is listed in a group of diseases which is called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD in a group ranks fourth in USA only. Unlike cancer, heart disease and other disease which causes death, the death rate for COPD is high, men are more likely to have emphysema disease than women.
When the bronchioles of the lungs are leak, rupture or damaged it is impossible for the lung to exchange gases or air in that way, emphysema occurs which is weakened and results in stuck in of air in lungs, not only air supply is effected but also the blood supply may be effected.

Causes of emphysema:

1. Smoking, which is considered as the biggest cause of emphysema disease.
2. Destruction of lung tissue which occurs through many ways, like Smoking.
3. Enzymes may become weak which are responsible for the emphysema.
4. Air pollution.
5. Relative of infected persons can also develop this disease.
6. Older age.
7. Lungs infections.

Symptoms of emphysema:

1. Cough, sometimes caused by the production of mucus.
2. Too much smoking.
3. Barrel chest.
4. Heavy chest.
5. Too much cough and decongestant of chest.
6. Tolerance of exercise decreased by time.
7. Shortness of breath.

Diagnosis of emphysema:

1. Shortness of breath.
2. Pain in chest area.
3. Prolonged cough.
4. Suffocation along with breath.
5. Skin colour turning to blue or yellowish in color called cyanosis.
6. Too much sputum production.
7. Chest x- rays may diagnose it easily.
8. Family genetical history.

Treatment of emphysema:

1. Stop smoking immediately.
2. Bronchodilating medications such as albuterol is also known as Proventil and Ventolin, it works fast, and a single dose is enough for providing relief to the patient for around 3-5 hours. Albuterol a metered-dose inhaler or MDI.
3. Methylxanthines (Theophylline) , Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) and certain steroid medications may help.
4. Use of oxygen inhaler for shortness of breath over a period of time.
5. Lung Volume Reduction surgery (LVRS) is useful at the last stage of emphysema.
6. Lung transplant.
7. Certain rehabilitation exercises for lungs are also helpful.

Summer Infections

2011-07-01T05:52:00.005+05:00

Some of the summer induced infections are mentioned below:

Heart Strokes:

Primarily occurs due to prolonged exposure to the sun and lack of fluids.

Symptoms of Heart Stroke:

1. Heavy sweating.
2. Muscles cramps.
3. Exhaustions.
4. Dizziness.
5. Headache.
6. Vomiting.
7. Nauseas.
8. Fainting.

Prevention of Heart Stroke:

Drinking plenty of water and fluids is the only prevention from this stroke.

Treatment of Heart Stroke:

Drink water and oral rehydration salts (ORS) to rehydrate the body if symptoms persists consult a doctor.

Diarrhoea:

Its also a sign of cholera and gastroenteritis.it usually occurs due to a bacterial infection In adults and the rotavirus in children.

Symptoms of Diarrhoea:

1. Vomiting.
2. Running stomach.

Prevention of Diarrhoea:

1. Avoid eating unhygienic foods and left overs.
2. Be cautious when eating food that spoils easily on heat.
3. Always drink boiled/treated/bottled water.
4. Rotavirus vaccination is available for children.

Treatment of Diarrhoea:

1. Drink loads and loads of water.
2. Water which contains salts and minerals.

Malaria and Dengue Fever:

Caused by mosquito bites, these are very serious diseases especially if not treated immediately.

Symptoms of Malaria and Dengue Fever:

1. Fever
2. Chills
3. Loss if appetite.

Prevention of Malaria and Dengue Fever:

1. Use of mosquito repellents and coils
2. Ensure that all doors and windows in your house have screens to prevent the entry of mosquito.

Treatment of Malaria and Dengue Fever:

If you are suffering from the above symptoms consult a doctor immediately.

Typhoid:

Caused by bacteria this is also a very serious disease if not treated immediately.

Symptoms of Typhoid:

1. High grade fever
2. Extreme weakness
3. Stomach and headaches
4. Loss of appetite
5. Diarrhoea
6. Constipation

Preventions of Typhoid:

1. Vaccinations
2. Drinking boiled water
3. Avoid unhygienic foods
4. Use contaminated water while cooking

Treatment of Typhoid:

1. Proper rest
2. For a month, proper diet plan.

Dwarfism

2011-06-22T13:13:00.002+05:00

Dwarfism refers to the disorder of height, the abnormal height of An individual which does not resemble his or her Age is called dwarfism. It is very common in developing countries, epecially in Pakistan, India, Africa and some other locations of Asia are badly affected by it, it is not true that only these areas have this disorder its natural anyone can have it no matter where they are basically it’s a disorder of height.
It occurs as a result of problem in thyroid glands of a person which are present in the neck region, the thyroid gland along with thyroid hormones does not work properly, the thyroid gland is responsible for the height and some other diseases in humans.
Causes of Dwarfism:

The main causes of dwarfism are:
1. Dwarfism causes low self esteem in the patient.
2. Shame and feeling of loneliness.
3. Social influence.
4. Embarrassment.
5. Low confidence level.

Symptoms of Dwarfism:

The main dwarfism symptoms are:
1. The height of child does not develop with the age of the child.
2. Problems in thyroid hormones or glands.
3. Thyroxine does not work properly.
4. Deficiency of iodine.
5. Abnormal features of the face and body.

Treatment of Dwarfism:

The treatment of dwarfism is given in points form below:
1. Certain types of medicines in the market promises that they can increase the height.but there are only 3o % chances of the recovery.
2. Exercises may help.
3. Pull off and jumping exercises are specially helpful.
4. Iodine is important for growth and normal working of thyroid.
5. Good diet may work for better growth.
6. Counseling of the patient should be most important task for doctors and the family or belongings.

Queen Bee Syndrome

2011-06-20T10:56:00.004+05:00

Queen bee syndrome was first diagnosed and defined by G.L. Staines, T.E. Jayaratne, and C. Tavris in 1973. Basically it is a psychological disorder, this disorder exists in women, it describes a woman in a position of leader or authority who views and harm other woman under her authority, she treats them more critically, this disorder suggest that women find it more stressful to work for women managers, but in the case of males it is different no criticized was found in case of males.
It can be said that queen bee is one who has succeeded in his or her career, but do not want other to do the same or to reach his/her level.
Former Primer Minister Margaret Thatcher can be taken as a noble example of queen bee.

Causes of Queen Bee Syndrome:

1. This disorder may be the cause of jealousy among women which may lead towards critical behaviors.
2. Status, money, beauty, character and popularity may be the cause of jealousy among women.
3. Mostly it occurs in those women who are working models or a authority because of their gender they want credit for themselves not for any other women.
4. Divorces may lost the authoritative position by doing certain negative acts.

Symptoms of Queen Bee Syndrome:

1. The woman infected by this syndrome shows certain anger, frustrations and bad behaviors especially toward female colleagues.
2. The social life of that person is not happy it is mostly seen.
3. The authoritative figure i.e female who has the authority might be not happy with her own life and she see other woman as a target that in real she is responsible for her lose.
4. Status symbols in comparing and in competition with other woman may lead towards the queen bee syndrome.

Treatment of Queen Bee Syndrome:

1. It may only treated by counseling and several mind therapies.
2. Social life and social therapies may help.
3. Taking all the human kind as same and not differentiating among them may also help in behavior.
4. The schema that woman is responsible for the destruction of other woman should be removed from the society.

Sciatica

2011-06-18T10:58:00.008+05:00

Sciatica is pain which is in the lower parts of our body resulting from movement or irritation of the sciatic nerve, it is felt from lower back towards backbone to thigh and knees, the sciatic nerve is longest bone which presents in human body, it begins from nerve roots in the lumbar spinal cord (low back) and spread through the buttock area, this pain of sciatica bone is referred as sciatica. This nerve can also move while pregnancy and as a result sciatica can occur.

Causes of Sciatica:

1. Any cause of irritation or movement of this sciatic nerve can reproduce the symptoms easily.
2. Irritation of the bone.
3. Swelling and severe pains.
4. Internal bleeding.
5. Tumors.
6. Infections.
7. Injury.
8. Certain bone problems.

Symptoms of Sciatica:

1. Burning sensations.
2. Numbness.
3. Pains.
4. Tingling radiations.
5. Hip pains are common.
6. Difficulty in walking.
7. Problem in bending and stretching of that bone.

Diagnosis of Sciatica:

1. It is not easy to diagnose Sciatica, but it is usually done by physical exam or by medical history of the patient.
2. With MRI.
3. Ct-scan.
4. X-rays.
5. Electromyogram.
These tests and medical analysis can diagnose the sciatica if it is present or not.

Treatment of Sciatica:

1. Sciatica treatment totally depend upon the causes and the severity of its pain.
2. Certain multi-vitamins should be taken as prescribed by the doctor.
3. Certain exercises should be done daily so as to avoid sciatica.
4. Pain management programs may help reduce the pains and severity of the sciatica.
5. Specialist doctors are good at guiding others according to their cases.
6. Arthropedics are the doctors who treats with bone difficulties.
7. In some cases surgery is more important.
8. Complete bed rest may help patient to fell good about pains and it can reduce the intensity of the diseases as well.

Polio

2011-06-11T10:58:00.005+05:00

Polio is an infectious disease caused by a virus. It attacks the nervous system directly. In some cases it is seen that polio infection can cause paralysis, usually the children are caught by this virus, People usually get it from polluted food or water. Most infected people never have symptoms as well, polio can be by birth. Although around 85% of polio infections cause no symptoms at all, affected individuals can exhibit a range of symptoms if the virus enters the blood stream, polio can damage the tissues and the effected area can never be prevented.
Once a person is infected by this disease polio, it usually takes about 3-5 days for symptoms to appear completely.
This virus is mostly found in parts of Africa and in some Asian region as well.

Diagnosis of Polio:

1. Weakness
2. Fever
3. Paralysis
4. Serious breathing
5. Severe muscles pains
6. Inability of use of one or both legs
7. Several muscles fails to work.

Causes of Polio:

1. Polio is caused by a virus which only lives in the main body parts of a person throat and intestinal tract.

Symptoms of Polio:

1. In mild polio, headache, nausea, vomiting, general discomfort or a slight fever for up to three days.
2. In nonparalytic polio, the symptoms are same as in mild fever in addition with moderate fever, stiff neck and back, fatigue and muscle pain.
3. For paralytic polio: tremor, muscle weakness, fever, stiffness, constipation, muscle pain and spasms, and sometimes difficulty swallowing.

Treatment of Polio:

1. Polio can be prevented through the vaccine which is available from more than 10 years. All healthy children between the ages of six weeks and 18 years should be vaccinated against polio as part of their complete vaccination schedule. But in some countries only children of having age less than 6 years are given vaccine.
2. There are some hospitals available where complete counseling of patients is also done.

Tetanus

2011-06-08T08:50:00.004+05:00

Tetanus is a kind of infectious disease which is caused by infection or pollution of wounds and injuries from bacteria that live in the soil and other rusty materials. This bacteria which is also known as Bacterium Clostridium tetani is a very hard and long living organism capable of living many years in the soil in a form called the spore. Kitasota first discovered that bacteria in 1899. Tetanus occurs when a wound of a person becomes infected or polluted with bacterial spores, the tetanus bacteria then enters into the muscles and bones and that gram bacteria causes many toxic and very harmful after effects, those who recover from tetanus have no longer effects of tetanus in their lives.

Puncture wounds are the best entrance for the bacteria into your body, in United States only 45-55 cases are seen every year. In developing countries of some parts of Asia, South America and around all parts of Africa tetanus is far more common. The annual worldwide occurrence of tetanus infection is more than 50 million cases, this disease has around four types which may be seen in patients:

1. Generalized tetanus can affect all skeletal muscles and it is the most severe of all.
2. Local tetanus manifests the muscles spams and wounds full of bacteria.
3. Cephalic tetanus causes the effects on face after head or face injury and lock jaw may occur.
4. Neonatal tetanus effects the neonates babies.may be new born or 1 month old.

Causes of Tetanus :

1. Clostridium Tetani the name of bacteria which is the main cause of infection.
2. Spores are usually found in mud, sand and animal waste and may survive in ones body for long time.
3. Frostbite.
4. Surgeries.
5. Childbirth.
6. Abscesses.
7. Crush wounds.
8. People who are not immunized or vaccinated may easily get this disease.

Symptoms of Tetanus :

1. Sore muscles.
2. Muscles rigidity.
3. Muscles cramps.
4. Swallowing.
5. Facial muscles are often affected first. Trismus or lockjaw is most common.
6. Problems of open wounds.

Diagnosis of Tetanus :

1. Certain changes in blood pressure (especially high blood pressure).
2. Irregular heartbeat.
3. Fever.
4. Pains in muscles.
5. Incomplete tetanus immunization.
6. If the wound is large, crushed, or heavily polluted, you should go to the nearest hospital's emergency department for evaluation.

Treatment of Tetanus :

Tetanus shot are mostly used in order to cure it, it is also known as tetanus booster shot.
1. Antibiotics like metronidazole should be taken which is best to kill infectious bacteria.
2. Wound cleansing.
3. Pain medicines.
4. An injection for prevention to tetanus is must which doctors advise that one should prevent tetanus infection after getting injured, and this injection should be taken with in 24 hours of injury.

First Aid At Home :

1. Clean the wound with pyodine or Dettol by applying on clean cotton.
2. Apply pressure to the area of bleeding to minimize blood loss.
3. Skin should be cleaned with soap and running water.