Divya Hospital

2008-11-19T02:32:00.000-08:00

Welcome to Divya Hospital,20,,Madipakkam,Chennai 600091

Ph:091-44-42305333
This is an extensive care centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology providing the latest and best forms of treatment .
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital DENGUE FEVER

The aim of setting up this hospital is to provide complete treatment for all problems related to womanhood, from infertility to menopause. We deal with all types of high risk pregnancies like:
a) Multiple gestations
b) Pregnancy induced Hypertension
c) Diabetes complicating pregnancy
d) Heart disease in pregnancy
e) Recurrent pregnancy loss
f) Ante partum haemorrhage
g) IUGR
h) Pre-term labour
i)Threatened abortion
Gynaecology O.P.D (Out Patient Department) functions daily from 9 am to 9 pm .All Gynecological Surgeries, open and laparoscopic, are done at the centre. This includes:Abdominal Hysterectomy Vaginal Hysterectomy Hymenotomy Cervical Encirclage Tubal RecanalisationLAVH (Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy) Operative Laparoscopy.Operation Theatre is well equipped with highly sophisticated equipments like Boyle’s machines with Ventilator.

We are using modern anesthetic medicines like Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Short acting opioides like Fentanyl sodium.
2 sets of Laproscopic Instruments including Ligasure + Harmonic scalpel. Post operative ward is fully air conditioned with Oxygenation + true stat pulseoximeter for each patient.
In addition we have
1. Cancer detection clinic with facilities for Pap Smear, Colposcopy + evaluation of Tumour markers. 2. Breast Clinic 3. HRT Clinic
Our Hospital is providing unique care from Madipakkam South East part of Chennai, India.
Our excellent medical and paramedical team, strengthened by the state of the art technology can cater to all kinds of emergencies quickly with commitment…promising you what you want the most at these times…PEACE OF MIND.
We render a focused service in the Obstetric & Gynecological services added to family care & welfare. Our Resident Medical Director shall discreetly determine requirement of various Specialties Consultants as & how a case may require.

We are confident that with your support, we will continue to offer the highest standards of quality health care making your hospital stay safe, short and pleasant.

Obstetric & Gynecological services
An excellent ante-natal care is given to expecting mothers and they are trained to have a peaceful motherhood. Ante-natal check-ups are done along with the lines of international guidelines to ensure the safe health of the mother and the child. All high – risk pregnancies are handled with the help of an outstanding team. Pre and post menopausal problems are handled with ease for middle aged women in this department. Laparoscopic hysterectomy, diagnostic laparoscopy hysteroscopy, colposcopy etc are done here. Hystero Laparoscopy for patient’s with PCOD (Polycystic ovarian disease), Endometriosis,Fibroid & Septate uterus and Tubal Block.
Facilitation include
IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)
ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)PESA (Per Cutaneous Sperm Aspiration)
TESA (Tran’s Epidermal Sperm Aspiration)
Clinic for Infertility.
Hystero Laparoscopy for patient’s with PCOD (Polycystic ovarian disease),
Endometriosis, Fibroid & Septate uterus and Tubal Block. ICSI have a success rate of 40-45%.
Infertility Clinic
In this fast world of automation, fast food & sedentary life style, the incidence of Infertility is on the rise.The sole purpose of setting up this centre is to bring hope and fulfillment to the lives of many childless couples.Referrals available include:IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)PESA (Per Cutaneous Sperm Aspiration)TESA (Tran’s Epidermal Sperm Aspiration)Clinic for Infertility.Hystero Laparoscopy for patient’s with PCOD (Polycystic ovarian disease), Endometriosis, Fibroid & Septate uterus and Tubal Block.Referral Statistics:25-30 Cases of ICSI done every month ;success rate of 40-45%.

What is Infertility?
Infertility is a disease of the reproductive system that impairs one of the body's most basic functions: the conception of children. Conception is a complicated process that depends upon many factors: on the production of healthy sperm by the man and healthy eggs by the woman; unblocked fallopian tubes that allow the sperm to reach the egg; the sperm's ability to fertilize the egg when they meet; the ability of the fertilized egg (embryo) to become implanted in the woman's uterus; and sufficient embryo quality. Finally, for the pregnancy to continue to full term, the embryo must be healthy and the woman's hormonal environment adequate for its development. When just one of these factors is impaired, infertility can result.

Male Infertility
Male infertility can possibly be linked to human papilloma virus as it causes serious conditions such as ASCUS in women. Failure to produce enough sperm is the leading cause of being infertile. Low sperm count or complete absence of living sperm could contribute to the condition. Large numbers of abnormally or unusually shaped sperm could reduce the mans fertility. Sperm quality and concentration of sperm is analyzed. Male infertility can possibly be linked to human papilloma virus as it causes serious conditions such as ASCUS in women..

Female Infertility
Female infertility can often be traced back through a pap smear test to HPV. There is increased chance of miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities in a baby as women become older. The chance of becoming pregnant in the general population after the age of 40 is estimated to be only 5% cycle compared to about 20% per cycle under the age of 40. Female infertility can often be traced back through a pap smear test to HPV.F

Combined infertility
In some cases, both the man and woman may be infertile or sub-fertile, and the couple's infertility arises from the combination of these conditions. In other cases, the cause is suspected to be immunological or genetic; it may be that each partner is independently fertile but the couple cannot conceive together without assistance.

Unexplained infertility
In about 15% of cases the infertility investigation will show no abnormalities. In these cases abnormalities are likely to be present but not detected by current methods. Possible problems could be that the egg is not released at the optimum time for fertilization, that it may not enter the fallopian tube, sperm may not be able to reach the egg, fertilization may fail to occur, transport of the zygote may be disturbed, or implantation fails. It is increasingly recognized that egg quality is of critical importance and women of advanced maternal age have eggs of reduced capacity for normal and successful fertilization.

Women's Center
Find out more about the most common women's
symptoms, diseases, and many other topics.
Select from Popular Women's Topics
Asthma
Allergies
Breast Cancer
Breast Lump
Cholesterol
Cystitis
Diabetes
Endometriosis
Eye Disorders
Fibromyalgia
Hypertension
Infertility
Lupus
Menopause
Multiple Sclerosis
Obesity
Ovarian Cancer
Osteoporosis
Pregnancy
Reflux
Thyroid disease
Divya Hospital,Medavakkam Main Rd,20,Nr.Madipakkam Koot Road-Axis Bank,Madipakkam,Chennai 600091 Call 91-44-42305333 for appointment.

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Miscarriage

2008-11-19T01:35:00.000-08:00

Normal pregnancy lasts 40 weeks. Miscarriage is a pregnancy that ends spontaneously or naturally before 20 weeks and is known as early pregnancy loss. Medically, Miscarriage is also known as spontaneous Abortion.

However, Miscarriage should not be confused with Stillbirth. The loss of a Fetus after the 20th week of pregnancy is called a Stillbirth.

About 15–20% of pregnancies result in miscarriages. Most miscarriages occur in the first 13 weeks of pregnancy.

Some of them happen before a woman misses a menstrual period or is not even aware that she is pregnant.
Why do miscarriages occur?
The cause of Miscarriage often is not known. The most common causes are:
Genetic abnormality is the most common cause for miscarriages.
Miscarriage can occur when a fertilized egg fails to attach to the wall of the Uterus properly or may attach itself in the wrong place.
The Immune System of some women may reject the Placenta and destroy it instead of letting it grow in the Uterus. However, medications can help control this.
In some cases of miscarriage, bacterial infections in the Uterus may be the cause.
Certain pre-existing diseases or disorders such as uncontrolled Diabetes and Thyroid abnormalities in the pregnant woman can lead to Miscarriage.
Abnormalities in the Uterus such as Fibroid Tumors and other structural problems of the Uterus can stop a Fetus from implanting properly. The mother may have an abnormality of the Uterus or a weak Cervix.
Alcohol, smoking and some medications may increase the risk of Miscarriage. For example, medication that is usually taken to treat Acne is associated with Miscarriage.
The risk of Miscarriage is higher for women over 35 years of age.
Signs and symptoms of miscarriage
The first sign of Miscarriage is usually stomach cramps. The pain felt is similar to menstrual pain. A small amount of bleeding can also occur. Women who have a Miscarriage may also experience heavy bleeding, blood clots, nausea and painful cramps.

Warning signs of Miscarriage

Inform your doctor if you have any of the following:
Spotting or bleeding without pain
Heavy or persistent bleeding with abdominal pain or cramping
Fluid gushing from your Vagina without pain or bleeding
If you have passed fetal tissue

After a miscarriage
Many miscarriages do not occur fully or completely. Some Placenta remains inside the Uterus. Your doctor will advise treatment accordingly. The remaining Placenta and other tissue are removed by a procedure called dilatation and Curettage (D&C).

Emotional and medical support
Remember, Miscarriage can affect anyone, so do not blame yourself.
Get adequate rest to recover physically and emotionally.
Grieving can actually help you accept this painful loss and go on with your life.
Try to maintain an open communication with family, friends and your doctor during this time.
The happy news is that, nature can give you a second chance. Most women who have miscarriages have a high chance of having a healthy baby when they become pregnant for a second time. Yes, it is possible to get pregnant in just a few weeks after a Miscarriage. However, it is advisable to at least have one menstrual period before trying to get pregnant again. Your doctor can give you guidance accordingly.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

A Pill In Time

2008-11-19T01:33:00.000-08:00

Emergency Contraception is a form of birth control that is often used to prevent a woman from getting pregnant in the event of unprotected sexual intercourse, nonconsensual sexual episodes like rape or incest or when other methods of birth control fail.

Types of emergency contraception
The two types of emergency Contraception are intrauterine device (IUD) and birth control pills or “the morning-after pills”.

Types of IUDs
There are quite a few types of IUDs but the most popular are the hormonal IUD and the copper IUD. IUDs have to be inserted by your doctor.

How do the IUDs work?

Hormonal IUDs

Hormonal IUDs are generally made of the Hormone Progestin. They work in many ways to prevent pregnancy:

Progestin causes the thickening of the muscles of the Cervix thereby preventing the Sperm from entering the Cervix.
Progestin also makes the Sperm less active so that it does not fertilize the egg.
IUD prevents the fertilized egg from implanting itself on the wall of the Uterus.

Copper IUDs

Copper IUDs too have different methods of preventing pregnancy

The copper released by this type of IUD prevents the Sperm from fertilizing an egg.
If at all an egg is fertilized it prevents the fertilized egg from sticking to the uterine wall.

The IUD will have to be placed inside your Vagina by your doctor within 5 days of the sexual episode to maximize its effects.

The hormonal IUD must be changed every 5 years. The copper IUD can stay in your body for as long as 10 years.

The hormonal IUD must be changed every 5 years. The copper IUD can stay in your body for as long as 10 years.
IUD is particularly useful for women who find it difficult to take birth control pills.
An IUD can be left inside the Vagina for long-term use.
IUDs do not protect you from Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

What are birth control pills made of?

Emergency Contraception pills often referred to as ‘the morning after pills’ are usually made of hormones such as Progestin and Estrogen or Progestin alone.

These hormones are similar to the ones secreted in the female body. The progestin-alone method is more effective and is less likely to cause nausea.

How do these pills work?

The hormones in emergency Contraception pills interrupt the normal patterns in a woman’s Menstrual cycle. The presence of the hormones Estrogen and Progestin or Progestin alone, regulate Ovulation and fertility just as your natural hormones do. The pills work in one or many ways to prevent pregnancy:

They may prevent the ovaries from releasing an egg.
They may prevent the Sperm from reaching and fertilizing an egg.
They may prevent a fertilized egg from implanting itself in the Uterus lining.

How and when should I take these pills?

These pills must be taken immediately or at the earliest possible time after sexual intercourse. To increase the effectiveness of the pills, it is recommended that they be taken within 24 h of sexual intercourse.

The first dose of pills must be taken orally as soon as possible, ideally within 3 days (72 h), but no later than 5 days (120 h) of having unprotected sex. A second dose is taken after an interval of 12 h after the first-dose.

The number of pills in the dose depends on the brand of pill used or as per the advice of your doctor. For progestin-only pills, both doses can be taken at the same time or 12–24 h apart.

Is emergency Contraception effective enough? What are the risks?

Although emergency Contraception decreases the possibility of pregnancy to a large extent, it is not as effective as other types of Contraception and should not be used as replacement of other methods. It is advised only in rare and unavoidable occasions.

Birth control pills have various side-effects although most of it disappears in a few days. If you are already pregnant, emergency Contraception is not advisable.

It is recommended that you seek your doctor’s advice.
.

Side-effects of emergency

contraception
Dizziness
Nausea
Vomiting
Headaches
Abdominal pain
Tender breasts
Irregular periods
Emergency Contraception does not provide protection against the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases
Seek your doctor’s advice

Your doctor will suggest a method of birth control that you can use regularly. Nevertheless, if you do have sexual intercourse without adequate birth control methods, you can use emergency Contraception. It is simple, safe and to a large extent lessens the chance of pregnancy after unprotected sex.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Birthcontrol choices

2008-11-19T01:22:00.000-08:00

Birth control or Contraception involves methods that couples can use to prevent pregnancy. Successful and healthy birth control can be achieved by a contraceptive method used by either of the partner.

Women and contraception

Choosing a birth control method is one of the most personal health care decisions you can make. Your choice of Contraception method will primarily depend on your needs. Some women only want to prevent pregnancy while others may also choose Contraception to safeguard themselves from Sexually Transmitted Diseases such as HIV infection which can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), chlamydia, herpes, genital warts, Gonorrhea and Syphilis. Your doctor can help you decide the best method for you.

How do birth control methods work?

Birth control methods can work in any of the following ways. They may:

Prevent the Sperm from reaching the egg.
Kill or damage Sperm.
Prevent the release of eggs each month.
Alter the lining of the Uterus and thereby prevent the fertilized egg from attaching to it.
Thicken the mucus in the Cervix so Sperm cannot easily pass through it.
Methods of contraception
Avoid sex

The best, easiest and safest method of birth control is avoiding sex.

Barrier methods

The barrier or blocking method of Contraception works by preventing Sperm from getting into the Fallopian Tube and fertilizing the egg. A barrier method needs to be used every time during sex.

Condoms
Condoms are designed for use by both men and women. Condoms also safeguard against sexually transmitted diseases

Male Condom Female Condom

Spermicides
Spermicide is an unscented, unflavored, non-staining, clear and lubricative substance that kills or immobilizes sperms. Using spemicides is not a perfect method of birth control and can even increase the chances of contracting certain sexually transmitted infections and diseases.

Sponge
A contraceptive sponge is a small disposable sponge. Sponge blocks sperms from entering the Uterus as well as absorb and kill the sperms. It does not offer any protection against sexually transmitted infections.

Contraceptive Sponge

Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a small, latex, dome-shaped device that fits inside the Vagina. It prevents the Sperm from entering into the Uterus by blocking the Cervix. The diaphragm protects against certain sexually transmitted infections. Doctor’s assistance is required to get the p roper size diaphragm fitted.

Cervical cap
A cervical cap is a dome-shaped, soft rubber cap that is fitted by a doctor.

The cervical cap acts by blocking the entrance to the Uterus and it also protects against certain sexually transmitted infections, but does not protect against HIV and genital Herpes.

Hormonal methods

Hormonal methods of Contraception involve the use of hormones like Estrogen and Progestin. Hormonal methods of Contraception do not protect against sexually transmitted infections.

Oral contraceptives or birth control pills
Oral contraceptives or birth control pills are medicines taken by mouth to help prevent pregnancy. They are mostly made of the hormones Estrogen and Progestin which prevent the release of an egg by the ovaries during Ovulation. However, consult with your doctor prior to using birth control pills.

Birth control patches
These patches are made of Estrogen and Progestin and stuck on the buttocks, abdomen, upper body or outer arm. Patch is applied weekly for 3 weeks with 1 week patch free interval.

Vaginal ring
This is a thin, flexible ring that can be inserted into the Vagina. The vaginal contraceptive ring is coated with hormones like Estrogen and progestin, which are slowly released to prevent pregnancy.
.

Hormone injections
The mode of action of Hormone injections to prevent pregnancy is similar to that of the oral contraceptive pill. Advantage is that instead of daily swallowing a pill, the injection is to be repeated at one, two or three monthly interval depending on the formulation.

Implant
An implant is a small flexible rod that is placed just under the skin in the upper arm. It releases progestogen Hormone and works by preventing Ovulation. An implant is effective for 3–5 years. An implant will not protect from Sexually Transmitted Diseases. You will require a doctor’s help to get the implant inserted or removed.

Intrauterine devices (IUD)
Intrauterine device is a birth control device that is inserted into the Uterus. It is believed that IUDs either block sperms from reaching an egg, or prevent a fertilized egg from implanting itself on the uterine wall. Once inserted by a doctor they provide effective Contraception for 3–10 years depending on the type being used, but can be easily removed, any time desired.

Sterilization
There are different techniques of sterilization for both men and women. Male sterilization is achieved through a surgical procedure called vasectomy. Female sterilization is achieved through a surgical procedure called tubal ligation in which a woman's fallopian tubes are surgically cut or blocked to prevent pregnancy. This permanent method of birth control is intended for individuals who do not wish to ever have more children.

The natural method of family planning

The chances of a woman getting pregnant are much higher 4 days before and 2 days after she ovulates. It is recommended that during these days couples should either avoid intercourse or use some form of barrier Contraception such as condoms or cervical cap to avoid pregnancy.

Coitus interruptus

When a man deliberately withdraws his Penis before ejaculating Semen into the vagina, it is called coitus interruptus. This method is generally not recommended because there is a remote chance of small amounts of fluid from the Penis leaking into the Vagina.

Emergency contraception

Emergency Contraception is a method of birth control that can be used within 5 days of sexual intercourse by women who have had unprotected sex.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Diet during Breast Feeding

2008-11-19T01:20:00.000-08:00

Breastfeeding is a very special time when you experience a wonderful bonding with your baby. Nutrition is an important aspect of breastfeeding.

There are many reasons:

The quality of your milk influences the growth of your baby.
Mother’s milk is the only source of nutrients and energy for the first 6 months of life for your baby.
Calories are needed for milk production and breastfeeding
There is an increased demand for nutrients and calories during breastfeeding. Inadequate calorie intake can make one weak and tired.
The section below discusses some of the important nutrients and how they help a mother and her baby.

Proteins
The average daily protein requirement of breastfeeding mothers is 75 g. This is to improve the protein content in your milk as well as meeting your body’s requirement for protein.
Some protein rich foods are:
Eggs, meat, fish and chicken.
Milk, curd and Indian cottage cheese (paneer).
Nuts and seeds like almond, cashew nuts, peanuts, etc.
Pulses and legumes (green gram, soyabean, red gram, Bengal gram, etc).

Fats
Composition of fats in breastmilk is determined by the mother’s diet. The daily requirement of fat during breastfeeding is 45 g of Visible Fat and it is essential to eat the right fat.

Breast milk contains a fatty acid called docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is essential for your baby's vision and brain development. One important source of DHA is fish. The content of DHA is very low in vegetarian sources of diet. The DHA content in Indian food is low as it is mainly vegetarian.

Calcium
Calcium is a major ingredient in breastmilk. You need calcium for teeth and also protect your bone strength. Breastfeeding mothers require high amounts of calcium, amounting to 1000 mg/day. If your diet does not contain enough of calcium, your body will use calcium from your bones to meet your increased needs. This may weaken your bones and increase the risk of developing osteoporosis or fractures later in life.
Good sources of calcium are:

Dairy products such as milk, paneer and curd.
Sesame seeds and ragi.
Green leafy vegetables like palak, gongura, drumstick leaves, etc.

Iron
There is an increased requirement in pregnancy. The iron requirement during breastfeeding is 30 mg/day. During breastfeeding, you need to rebuild your iron stores with iron-rich foods. Lack of iron can lead to anemia where you will feel weak, light-headed, tired and get frequent cold and fever.

Good sources of iron are:

Green leafy vegetables
Raagi and other cereals
Meat, chicken and fish
Legumes (beans)
Nuts and dried fruit
Vitamins and minerals
Vitamins and mineral levels in breastmilk can be affected by maternal intake as well as length of lactation. So it is essential to include foods that are rich in all vitamins and minerals. Breastfeeding also increases the need for folic acid, vitamins B12, B6, B2 and C, which also help in preventing anemia.

Some good sources of vitamins are:

Nutrients Daily requirements
Folate 150 µg
Vitamin C 80 mg
Vitamin B12 1.5 µg
Vitamin B6 2.5 mg
Vitamin B2 1.6 mg
Vitamin A (beta-carotene) 3800 µg

Folate: Green leafy vegetables such as palak, broccoli, cabbage, amaranth, liver, etc.
Vitamin C: Citrus fruits (amla, orange, musambi, lime), tomatoes, capsicum, cauliflower, cabbage, etc. • Vitamin B12: Found in animal products such as milk, meat, paneer and curd.
Vitamin B6: Palak, drumstick leaves, other keeras, watermelon, tomatoes, carrots, brinjal, etc.
Vitamin B2: Cereals, legumes, oil seeds, roots, vegetables, milk eggs, fish meat, skim milk powder, etc.
Vitamin A: Dark green and yellow vegetables and fruits such as palak, capsicum, papaya, pumpkin, curry leaves, etc.
Minerals like copper, selenium, zinc act as antioxidants and are essential for the mother and the growing baby. Other minerals like magnesium helps in the tissue growth and bone formation and iodine is important for the production of hormones.

Some good sources of minerals are:
Copper: Shell fish, whole grains, beans, nuts, potatoes and meat.
Zinc: Meat, chicken, fish, peanuts, legumes.
Selenium: Vegetables, grains, fish, shellfish, eggs, meat, etc.
Iodine: Fish, iodized salt.
Most of the time, the food you take will not meet the increased nutrient requirement for a breastfeeding mother. Moreover, Indian diets are mainly vegetarian in nature. As many of the vital nutrients are found mainly in animal foods, you need to take nutritional supplements. A supplement containing the DHA along with the other essential nutrients will provide you with adequate nutrition and energy.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Stretch marks

2008-11-19T01:18:00.000-08:00

What are stretch marks?
Stretch marks are the fine lines on your skin as a result of rapid stretching of the skin such as during pregnancy, extreme weight gain or weight loss. They are often seen in the abdominal area, thighs, hips, breasts, upper arms or lower back. Both men and women can be affected by stretch marks, although the problem is more widespread among women.

Stretch marks can occur anywhere on the body where the skin has been stretched over a period of time. They start out as raised red or purple lines, which slowly fade into flat silvery streaks.

Structure of the skin
Skin consists of three layers––the epidermis (outer layer of the skin), the dermis (middle layer of the skin), and the subcutaneous (inner layer of the skin). Knowing about the structure of skin will help you in understanding how stretch marks are developed.

What causes of stretch marks?
Your skin is remarkably flexible. However, when the dermis breaks down, skin gets overstretched, leaving behind stretch marks. Your skin becomes thin and the blood vessels under the surface show through, which is why stretch marks look reddish in color. After a period of time, it becomes silvery white in color as the blood vessels reduce in size. Sometimes, stretch marks may develop due to the inability of your skin to make enough Collagen and Elastin (proteins that bind tissues together) to support the stretching.

There are many factors that can contribute to stretch marks on your skin. Some of the common causes are:

Pregnancy: When you are pregnant, your abdomen develops stretch marks as it expands to accommodate your growing baby. These stretch marks usually start appearing in the sixth or seventh month of your pregnancy and may appear on your thighs, breasts and/or buttocks.

Puberty: During puberty you may tend to get stretch marks as your body grow and gain weight very rapidly during this period.

Athletes: If you are an athlete and undergo excessive physical activity routinely to build up muscle mass, chances are that you might get stretch marks on your legs and thighs.

Weight loss or gain: If you experience rapid weight loss due to dieting, you may develop stretch marks as your skin undergoes rapid changes. Similarly rapid weight gain can also lead to stretch marks.

Preventing stretch marks
You cannot avoid stretch marks; however, you can take some preventive measures:
Maintain a balanced diet to keep your skin healthy.
If you are dieting, try to reduce your weight slowly to prevent any rapid changes in your skin.
Massage or moisturize your skin regularly to keep your skin supple.

Tips to reduce stretch marks
Maintain a healthy weight.
Exercise regularly for better blood circulation.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Massage or moisturize your skin.
Drink plenty of water to keep your skin hydrated.
Take medication only with your doctor’s consent
Stretch marks take time to fade—so be patient.
Even if you follow all the above guidelines, stretch marks might still develop. They will fade with time, so do not despair.

Treating stretch marks
Once the stretch marks are formed, there is no effective treatment to remove them completely. Treatments may only reduce your stretch marks to some extent. Consult your doctor
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
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Postpartum depression

2008-11-19T01:16:00.000-08:00

The birth of your baby would certainly have been a wonderful moment for you. The long wait during pregnancy and the labor stress that you went through has finally paid off and you have your bundle of joy cuddled in your arms. But after your baby is born and the initial celebrations fade, you may begin to feel sad and anxious suddenly. In a mild form this feeling on post childbirth is quite normal and is known as Postpartum Blues or baby blues and almost always go away after a few days.

But sometimes, these feelings of unexplained fear, sorrow and anxiety may continue for a longer period of time and affect your quality of life. This problem is known as Postpartum Depression. It can happen even after your second or third delivery, not just the first and may require counseling and treatment.

Baby blues:
The milder form of Postpartum Depression
After the birth of your child, you may suddenly feel disturbed to find that you feel sad, anxious, angry and lonely for no reason at all. You may undergo the following emotions:
feeling weak
feeling lonely
unexplained irritability and anger, sometimes towards your own baby
crying without reason
poor appetite and sleep
feelings of uncertainty about being a good mother
These emotions called baby blues, are temporary and will disappear within a few hours or days and require no treatment.

Postpartum depression
This is a more serious and intense version of baby blues requiring counseling and treatment without which it can become worse, last longer and affect the quality of life.
This condition makes it difficult to even mange and cope with day-to-day activities since the feelings of distress, anxiety and sorrow are stronger.

The risk of Postpartum Depression increases in the following situations:
Lack of support from the male partner or family members.
Prior incidence/s of depression due to other causes.
Previous incidence of Postpartum Depression.
If Postpartum Depression runs in her family.
Other forms of physical or emotional stresses like the loss of a loved one, or moving to unfamiliar surroundings.
Identifying postpartum depression
Baby blues do not go away and last for a longer period of time.
Feelings of distress, anxiety and sorrow are stronger.
Feelings of sadness, anxiety, guilt, or loneliness make it difficult to even mange and cope with day to day activities.
Unexplained irritability and anger, sometimes towards your own baby.
Lack of interest or extreme interest and concern for the baby.
Changes in appetite and sleep patterns.
Lack of interest in recreational activities or entertainment.
Fear and anxiety of being alone.
Baseless fear that you may harm the baby. This often brings on more guilt that you are not being a good mother and can worsen depression.
Suicidal thoughts.

Physical changes after delivery
A woman’s body goes through rapid hormonal changes in the hours after delivery. A severe drop in the levels of the hormones, Estrogen and Progesterone can set off depression and mood swings for many days. Most women adjust to these sudden changes and get out of it after a few days, signaling the end of baby blues. But for a few others, the depression and mood swings last much longer and affect their daily activities. The Thyroid gland may also secrete very low levels of hormones resulting in anxiety, depression, guilt, despair, tiredness, appetite changes and sleeplessness.

Giving birth is quite a tiring process and with women who give birth by cesarean section, recovery takes much longer. After delivery, most women also lack rest. The constant visits by relatives and friends and the baby’s feeding and care put together deprive her of proper rest and sleep. This can also trigger Postpartum Depression.

There are other factors that contribute to Postpartum Depression such as:
emotional factors
inadequate family support and
certain imagined or false ideals about motherhood

Emotional factors
A woman’s capability to deal with certain situations plays an important role in Postpartum Depression. Some of the common emotional disturbances that new mothers feel are:
If the pregnancy was unplanned, the burden of caring for the newborn will weigh heavily on her mind.
A newborn in the house will mean unexpected changes in the usual routine at work and home. Some mothers may not be properly prepared for this.
A baby born with a birth defect can leave a mother devastated.
A sense of suddenly being forced with the responsibility of raising a child can cause a lot of apprehension for a woman with inadequate financial backing.
If the mother herself has had a bad childhood, past memories may kindle feelings of pain and despair and she may develop feelings of regret for bringing on a new life into this world.
Some mothers may worry about the loss of freedom or being less attractive post childbirth.

Family support
A lack in proper familial support can cause Postpartum Depression. The lack of support can take many forms
If her male partner is not very supportive or if she feels neglected by him.
If her partner is not around to help in housework or child care.
Women who live away from their families are more likely to get Postpartum Depression due to lack of support.
A woman who is unable to breastfeed her baby well may develop feelings of guilt that she is depriving her baby of its basic need.
Taking care of yourself
If you have just given birth and feel some of the symptoms of postpartum depression, here are some measures that you can follow to take care of yourself and your baby. Most important of all, is for you to have a straightforward talk with your doctor if you feel you are not getting any relief and the depression is only getting worse. With your doctor beside you help is at hand—do not worry. If necessary your doctor may also refer you to other doctors specializing in treating depression. These specialists may prescribe medication and also counsel you.

Ideals about motherhood
Women sometimes can develop Postpartum Depression because of the guilt that they are not being the so-called ‘perfect mothers’. Many women believe that motherhood and caring for the baby comes naturally and they ought to know good mothering. But, this is far from true.

Motherhood skills need to be learnt and developed just like any other skill. Some infants are easier to care for. Others are fussy, have frequent stomach disturbances and are not easy to comfort. A new mother may find it hard to adjust to this. Some preventive measures you can take
Try to get sufficient rest and sleep.
Do not over exert yourself.
Seek the support of family and friends.
Seek your partner’s help for doing housework and while feeding the baby. Express your difficulties and feelings to him. Just talking to your partner can give you a lot of relief.
Exercise regularly. Go for a walk with friends or relatives. Even mild exercises can go a long way in cheering you up.

Some preventive measures you can take
Try to get sufficient rest and sleep.
Do not over exert yourself.
Seek the support of family and friends.
Seek your partner’s help for doing housework and while feeding the baby. Express your difficulties and feelings to him. Just talking to your partner can give you a lot of relief.
Exercise regularly. Go for a walk with friends or relatives. Even mild exercises can go a long way in cheering you up.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Healthy Breast Feeding

2008-11-19T01:15:00.000-08:00

As a mother, you would always want to give your baby the very best in life. And if you wanted to start your baby on the path to good health, breastmilk is the best.

Benefits for the baby
Breastmilk gives all the nutrients the baby needs.
Breastfeeding strengthens the Immune System and protects the baby from infections and allergies.
Breast milk is always safe, fresh, perfectly clean, just the right temperature, instantly available and is the most nutritious feeding system.
Benefits for the mother

Breastfeeding helps the Uterus contract back to normal size after having been stretched during pregnancy.
It also delays the return of your periods (though you should not count on it to prevent pregnancy). And it helps make time for you to be close to your baby.
Breastfeeding helps a woman to lose weight after birth. Mothers burn many calories during lactation as their bodies produce milk. In fact, some of the weight gained during pregnancy serves as an energy source for lactation.
Breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the risk of diseases like diabetes, arthritis and breast and ovarian cancers.

How does the milk actually come out of the breast?

When the baby nurses, the action of baby's jaws and tongue press down on the milk sinuses creating a suction that causes the milk to flow out of the breast and into the baby's mouth.

Body's response to the baby's suckling:

Infant suckling stimulates the nerve endings in the nipple and areola, which signal the pituitary gland in the brain to release two hormones, Prolactin and Oxytocin.
Prolactin causes alveoli to take nutrients (proteins, sugars) from your blood supply and turn them into breast milk.
Oxytocin causes the Cells around the alveoli to contract and eject milk down the milk ducts. This passing of the milk down the ducts is called the “let-down” (milk ejection) reflex.
Click here to see the animation on the flow of breastmilk animation

Right positions for breastfeeding

In order to breastfeed the baby comfortably, you may hold your baby in a number of ways. Your baby should not have to turn his or her head or strain his or her neck to nurse.

Cradle
Cradle the baby in your arm, his/her tummy against yours. The baby’s head will be resting in the bend of your elbow. The baby's whole body is facing you, tummy-to-tummy. Use your other hand to support the breast.

Across the lap

Hold the baby's shoulders in the palm of your hand with your arm supporting the baby's bottom. Bring the baby across your lap. Use your other hand under the breast from the side to keep the nipple in the baby's mouth.

Football

Place a pillow or two at your side to raise the baby to the level of your breast. Put the baby on the pillow with his/her bottom and legs touching the back of the chair.

Hold the baby's shoulders in the palm of your hand supporting the base of the baby's head. Use your other hand under the breast to keep it in the baby's mouth.

Lying down

Lie down on your side with the baby close to you so that you are facing each other. Some mothers place a pillow or rolled-up towel against the baby's back to keep the baby in position. A pillow behind your back may make you more comfortable.

Burping
After breast feeding ensure that your baby burps up any swallowed air by giving your baby soft strokes on the back.

How often should your baby be fed?
Your baby should be fed as often as he/she wants to be fed, which can be 8–12 times a day or more.
Let your baby nurse until he/she is satisfied. This may be for about 15–20 min at each breast.
Try to have your baby nurse from both breasts at each feeding.
Only after the first breast is empty shift to the second breast.

Ensuring quality and quantity of breastmilk: Nutrition is the key

Ensuring the quality and quantity of your breastmilk is important to provide your baby with all the nutrients he/she requires for its survival and growth during the first 6 months of life. And adequate nutrition is the key.

Why is the need for increased nutrient intake?

The source of nutrients needed for growth and development of baby is solely milk of the mother; in turn, the quality of the breastmilk is defined greatly by the nutrition of the mother. Hence, it is essential for the breastfeeding mother to follow a healthy diet that includes all the vital nutrients such as protein, calcium, iron and vitamins in the required amount and keeps both the mother and the baby healthy.

Taking a nutritional supplement helps in many ways:

Supplies your body with nutrients, which cannot be obtained through the diet in an adequate quantity.
Supplies nutrients that are lost through cooking.
Fulfills nutritional needs as required in a modern lifestyle, which is filled with over stretched working hours and poor eating habits.
Breastfeeding is a time of happiness; a time where the bonding between the mother and baby happens. The nutritional needs of a breast-feeding mother are high as the type of food she eats determines the quality and quantity of milk that will directly affect the health of her baby. Supplementation of nutrients to ensure perfect state of health of both the mother and the baby is essential.

New mother care

2008-11-19T01:14:00.000-08:00

“Congratulations on becoming a new mother!”

This is one compliment that you will hear time and again after you give birth to your little bundle of joy. Then it is all about completing the necessary formalities to get discharged from hospital and head home.Once you are home, you soon discover that apart from bringing you immense joy and excitement, your newborn has also brought you the everyday challenges of taking care of yourself as a new mother.

In your endeavor to provide the best care to your baby, you may end up neglecting yourself. Remember, only a healthy mother can ensure a healthy baby. Adhering to some simple steps can bring you a load of benefits and relieve you from the stress and strain of being a new mother.

Here are some basic tips:

Make healthy lifestyle changes: It is vitally important that you take good care of yourself after childbirth. Eat a healthy, balanced diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables. Avoid cigarettes, alcohol and beverages that contain caffeine. Make sure to drink at least 8 glasses of water everyday. Good habits will help you gain and maintain the energy you need to take care of your newborn.

Sleep: Get enough of it. There is no way a tired mother can take care of her newborn. Your baby may keep you up all night, so grab some sleep when your baby sleeps. You can also consider the option of asking your partner to attend to your baby, while you catch up on your missed sleep.

Schedule guest visits: It is great when friends and relatives come to shower you with compliments. But it can also be an extremely tiresome routine, exchanging pleasantries for hours together. Be open and convey the fact that you need rest. On the other hand, some close friends or relatives may offer help to make you more comfortable—accept them. You can show them how to hold the baby or seek help in folding the laundry or other household chores.

Take it easy: Do not rush things. You cannot become a great mother in a matter of days. It takes practice and plenty of patience. Give yourself sufficient time everyday, whether it is nursing your baby, putting your baby to bed or dealing with his or her intermittent crying spells. Avoid outings or travel as far as possible. If you must travel, pack adequate supplies and do not forget to take extra diapers.

Mood swings: Mood swings are quite common during this time. You may adore your child, but on occasions you may lament the lack of independence that your newborn has brought about. On occasions you may worry whether you are a worthy mother or possess the necessary skills to be one. Expect these emotions and know that they are only passing clouds—you will soon grow out of it. Talk to friends and experienced mothers to get a better understanding of your situation.

Postpartum blues: Mood swings are common after childbirth. This minute you are elated, sad the next. You may feel a little depressed, have difficulty concentrating, lose your appetite or find that they cannot sleep well even when the baby is asleep. These symptoms usually start about 3–4 days after delivery and may last several days.

If you are a new mother and have any of these symptoms, you have what are called the baby blues. The baby blues are considered a normal part of early motherhood and usually go away within 10 days after delivery. But if you have more severe symptoms that last longer than a few days, you may be suffering from what is known as Postpartum Depression. Medical intervention then becomes necessary.

Talk: Bringing up a child is no easy task and you may feel the emotional, psychological, physiological or financial burden of it. If you feel stressed due to something specific, talk to your partner or friends and share your feelings and concerns with them. This can help cheer you up.

Get out, get going: Go for frequent walks with your baby. This can be of immense help to relax you. Besides, getting fresh air is absolutely necessary for you and your baby. It is also a good idea to ask your partner or friend to accompany you so that they can help you with your baby.

Relax: Household chores like dusting or cleaning can always wait. Occasionally it is okay to have a cold dinner; so do not run to the kitchen to make dinner or to put it into the micro oven for heating.

Spare time for others: Having a newborn in the house does not mean you attend to him or her round the clock. Spare time for your partner, friends and your own entertainment. Go to a movie or meet a friend for lunch. This can keep you relaxed and remove stress.

In conclusion
Being a new mother is never too easy. You are not born with motherhood skills—you acquire them with time, practice and patience. Good parenting is a learned skill and knowing to handle the stress related with it can be rewarding indeed. If you are depressed or you are having trouble adjusting to life with a newborn, talk to your doctor. Remember, your newborn is not going to remain that way forever. He or she is soon going to grow up. So, despite the difficulties, turmoil, sleeplessness and fatigue savor the moments that you spend with your little baby—those times will never come back.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

C-section

2008-11-19T01:11:00.000-08:00

The cesarean procedure (C-section) is a procedure where a cut is made in a woman’s abdomen and Uterus to deliver her baby. This procedure has been reported to have been performed for several centuries, but has become safer from the mid-twentieth century onward with the developments in medical care and technology. Currently, this procedure is resorted to where there is reason to believe that it is necessary for the well-being of the mother and the child or in cases where it is a life-saving measure.

Why cesarean?
There are several reasons for performing a C-section—emergency situations or elective situations. It is important that one realizes that C-section is an alternative option to vaginal delivery. This alternative option is exercised based on the health status of the mother and child at the time of labor. Hence, the outcome of a normal pregnancy can be achieved either through a vaginal delivery or a C-section.

What do you need to know about this surgery?
There has been a steady increase in the rate of C-sections conducted worldwide and this has been linked to the availability of better diagnostic tests as well as improved outcome of otherwise complicated pregnancy conditions. You will not need to worry about pain as the entire procedure will be under Anesthesia. You can even discuss your preferences regarding Anesthesia with your doctor.

Reasons for the procedure
As detailed earlier, the indications determine the type of surgery performed. These indications can broadly be classified into maternal and fetal indications, even though there are cases where both types of indications are present. Any abnormality detected during routine antenatal check-ups or at the time of labor would be investigated properly and discussed with the patient and her relatives prior to opting for the surgery. In such circumstances, the patient would need to have certain investigations done beforehand.

The procedure
The procedure takes about 30 min from the time the patient is shifted to the operation theater. But, duration to recovery and regaining of consciousness depends on the type of Anesthesia that you have opted for. Usually if the surgery is not a true emergency, regional Anesthesia can be opted for. Regional Anesthesia includes spinal and epidural Anesthesia and lets the mother participate in the process of birth and she can even see her baby immediately after he/she is born.

Click here to view an animation on C-section.

After...
After the procedure, the mother will usually be semi-conscious or on her way to full consciousness within a short while. The baby can be put to her breast to attempt breast-feeding depending on the status of the baby and the mother. If initial attempts at breast-feeding are not very successful, there is no cause for worry as the physiological changes that the body needs to start producing milk may be a little delayed in view of not having gone through the entire process of labor as well as the strain of having to recover from the surgery. Even if the mother is unable to sit up or support herself, there will be plenty of assistance in helping to hold the baby and she can even try breast-feeding in the lying down position. The tube that was collecting urine will be removed within a few hours after delivery or by the next morning, and the mother is encouraged to walk with assistance from the next day of the surgery. This will be monitored carefully and will be under cover of analgesics so that the mother is not subjected to unnecessary pain or discomfort.

Recovery
The time to complete recovery following C-section is a little longer than following vaginal delivery. This is because the abdominal muscles that have been cut during the surgery take longer to heal and may affect the ability to carry heavy weights or indulge in activities that require more strain on these muscles. However, the mother will be able to hold her baby, care for him or her, and care for herself.

Finally
A focus on regaining earlier muscle tone, avoiding infection, and reducing pregnancy weight should be foremost in regard to the mother’s health. Caring for the baby will also sap a lot of strength and will need a healthy balanced diet with emphasis on proteins, vitamins and other micronutrients. In addition, there need not be worry that the next childbirth will also invariably be a cesarean. There is an increasing trend of vaginal deliveries following C-section with an improvement in medical care and imaging advances.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
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Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
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New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
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Labor

2008-11-19T01:10:00.001-08:00

After becoming pregnant, labor is the next event that a woman eagerly awaits. There is also an apprehension among many women that they may fail to notice the initial signs or symptoms of labor and in the process may not be adequately ready for childbirth to occur. However, there is no reason to fear, as your body will display early signs that labor is fast approaching.

What causes labor symptoms?
When your baby is ready to be born, certain hormonal changes in the Fetus cause the Placenta to release a substance known as corticotropin-releasing Hormone. The Uterus is usually in a very relaxed state before the release of corticotropin-releasing hormones. But once it is released, it causes certain changes in your hormonal levels and your Cervix (the narrow outer end of the uterus) begins to soften and become thinner. When this happens, you begin to get contractions indicating the beginning of labor.

Signs and symptoms of labor

Lightening or dropping

When your baby is ready to be born, he/she will descend down or drop and settle lower into your pelvis, which will cause your abdomen to bulge at a lower position than it was earlier. This is called lightening or dropping. This reduces the pressure in your upper abdomen, relaxes your lungs and gives you more room to breathe much easily than before. You will also feel an urge to urinate more frequently.

Bloody discharge

Another sign that labor is approaching is when small capillaries in the thinning cervix, rupture discharging a pink or brown vaginal fluid. If there is excessive discharge or it is bright red in color, it could mean a problem with the Placenta. Under such cases, inform your doctor immediately.

Increased energy or nesting instinct

You may suddenly feel extra energetic a few days before labor approaches. This is nature’s way of physically preparing you for the arrival of your baby.

Sickness and vomiting

When labor approaches, you may feel an increased urge to vomit. Besides this, you may also experience stomach disturbances like diarrhoea and cramps.

Increased contractions

You may have experienced contractions during your period of pregnancy. Contractions (uterine muscle spasms) occurring at intervals of less than 10 min are usually a warning that labor has begun. These contractions become more repeated, severe and painful as labor progresses.

Rupture of amniotic sac membranes (bag of water)

The amniotic sac or bag of water as it is commonly referred to, is a thin, tough, membranous sac that encloses the growing baby. When a woman is approaching labor, fluid from this sac, known as Amniotic Fluid starts flowing out of the Vagina. When this happens, contact your doctor.

False labor
Your labor pain may sometimes turn out to be a false alarm. There is no need to be embarrassed if you rush to the hospital only to find that your labor pain was not real, since it is not always easy to determine labor pain accurately.

Stages of labor
Although each labor is different and unique in its own way, labor is generally divided into three main stages, with the first stage, (latent stage) subdivided into three phases.
Signs of false labor
Pain and contraction reduces with walking.
Irregular contractions.
Pain decreases with a change of position.
Contractions do not increase in frequency or severity.
Discomfort is felt in the abdomen only.

Stage 1

This stage is called the latent phase. You will experience frequent contractions at an interval of 5–20 min each. The cervix, which is the narrow outer end of the uterus, opens about 3–4 cm and becomes thinner.

The second part of the latent phase is called the active phase. Your Cervix expands further to about 4–7 cm, contractions become longer, more intense and frequent. Contractions occur at an interval of 3–4 min each.

The third part of the latent phase is called the transition phase. Your Cervix expands up to 10 cm. This is a time when contractions become very severe and frequent and you will feel like pushing out your baby during this phase.

Stage 2

During the second stage of labor, your Cervix opens fully and your baby is delivered. This is also known as the ‘pushing’ stage, as this is the phase when you will be intensely involved in the act of pushing out your baby through the Birth Canal.

Stage 3

This is the final stage of labor when the placenta, the organ that nourishes the baby when it is in the uterus, is expelled through the
Vagina.

Click here to view the animation on normal delivery

Cesarean section
The natural way for a baby to be delivered is through the mother’s Vagina. But sometimes vaginal birth is not possible or can be a threat either to the mother’s or baby’s life. Cesarean section or c-section as its commonly known is the procedure by which a baby is surgically delivered by making an incision or surgical opening on the mother’s abdomen and Uterus.

Cesarean operations are usually considered as the last option when doctors feel either the mother or the baby’s life is at risk before or during delivery. Cesarean section has an overall success rate and is quite safe for both mother and baby.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Diabetes In Pregnancy

2008-11-19T01:08:00.000-08:00

Gestational Diabetes is a form of Diabetes that occurs only during pregnancy. If you have never had Diabetes before but diagnosed with high blood sugar levels during pregnancy, you have gestational Diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes is a temporary phase and goes away in a few weeks after you deliver your baby. With good care your blood sugar levels will return to normal after childbirth.

Symptoms
The symptoms of gestational Diabetes are not too noticeable although in some women it may be observed as excessive thirst and/or frequent urination.

When and how does gestational Diabetes occur
Gestational Diabetes typically occurs during the later phases of pregnancy but sometimes it can occur as early as the 5th month (2nd trimester).
The process leading to gestational diabetes

The food you eat is broken down into various sugar molecules, one of which is glucose.
Glucose is the fuel that is responsible for providing energy to your body.
Insulin, a Hormone which is secreted by your pancreas, allows glucose to enter your cells, thereby providing you with energy.
During pregnancy, the placenta, which is an organ that passes on nourishment to your growing baby, also produces certain hormones that are necessary to help your baby grow and sustain your pregnancy.
These hormones released by the Placenta cause the Cells to become “anti-insulin” whereby enough Insulin does not enter your cells, depleting you of energy.
As your pregnancy progresses, the Placenta grows larger and produces more of these hormones, further worsening the situation.
To overcome this problem, the pancreas produces additional insulin, but sometimes the pancreas is not able to continue producing more Insulin for long.
As a result of this your Cells begin to get too little glucose.
The glucose unabsorbed by the Cells accumulates in your bloodstream resulting in gestational Diabetes.

Am I at risk of getting gestational diabetes?
Gestational Diabetes can occur to any pregnant woman. However, certain women are more at risk. The following factors will help you know if you are particularly at risk.

Risk factors for gestational diabetes
Your health history: Your risk is more if you already have some signs of approaching Diabetes while or before your pregnancy. This condition is known as preDiabetes. The chances of getting gestational Diabetes are also more if you had it in one of your previous pregnancies.
Family history: Your risk of Diabetes increases if your parents, siblings or close family member has Diabetes.
Age: Women above 25 years are more commonly reported to develop gestational Diabetes.
Obesity: Being overweight before and during pregnancy increases your risk of developing Diabetes.
Race: Women of certain races are more prone to gestational Diabetes. For example, Asian and Black women are more commonly at risk than women of other races.

Talking to your health care provider
Your doctor will always keep track of the changes in your body during your Prenatal check-up. If he or she suspects diabetes, you will be put through a few tests to confirm the same and will need to increase the frequency of your visits to your doctor.
During the last 3 months of your pregnancy, your doctor will monitor your blood sugar levels more frequently to avoid any complication. You may also be referred to health care professionals, who are specialists in Diabetes care.

Handling gestational diabetes
You are bound to feel highly stressed in case you have just been diagnosed with gestational Diabetes. High levels of stress can worsen blood sugar levels. Anxiety and restlessness may make you less physically active and you may find yourself indulging in foods that can do more harm to your condition. Remember eating healthy foods and exercising regularly can help relieve stress and nourish your baby. These activities can also help prevent type 2 Diabetes in future. Exercise and good nutrition will help you have a healthy pregnancy as well as a healthy life.

Weight control
It is not advisable to opt for weight loss during pregnancy, even if you are overweight. However, women with gestational Diabetes should exercise in order to lower the risk of developing Diabetes again. Your doctor will prescribe the right diet and exercise for you to follow after you deliver your baby.

In conclusion
Pregnant women with diabetes, most often deliver healthy babies if their Diabetes is controlled and treated. But, untreated or uncontrolled levels of blood sugar can lead to various complications. Follow your doctor’s advice strictly. Remember, your doctor knows what is best for you.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

High Blood Pressure

2008-11-19T01:07:00.000-08:00

Sometimes blood pressure can be raised during pregnancy. It usually begins during the last 3 months of pregnancy (third trimester). High blood pressure during pregnancy may result in high levels of protein in the urine. This condition is known as preeclampsia or pregnancy induced Hypertension (PIH). The exact cause of PIH is not clear.

Symptoms of PIH

Symptoms of PIH can be mild or severe. If your feet swell up and the water retention (edema) persists even after 8–10 h of rest or you feel that the rings and shoes are becoming tight, consult your doctor. Your doctor will be able to diagnose the seriousness of the problem depending on the symptoms.

Mild symptoms will be seen as high blood pressure, protein in the urine and Edema. If you experience more serious symptoms like dizziness, blurred vision or severe headache, inform your doctor immediately.

Regular antenatal check-ups

Mostly blood pressure may increase without any symptoms. The fact that you have high blood pressure is usually known during your routine Prenatal check up. If blood pressure record is high it is again tested after 6 h rest, and if it persists to be high other tests are done.

The Placenta is the organ that passes on nourishment to your baby. When you have PIH, enough blood does not flow to the Placenta. This leads to the baby getting less food and oxygen and can result in low birth-weight babies. Fortunately, it is possible for women with PIH to deliver healthy babies if PIH is diagnosed early and treated with regular Prenatal care.

This results in low birth-weight babies. Fortunately, it is possible for women with PIH to deliver healthy babies if PIH is diagnosed early and treated with regular Prenatal care.

You may be at a risk for PIH if:

It is your first pregnancy. PIH is reported more frequently in first pregnancies and appears to lessen in later pregnancies.
You are carrying more than one baby.
You are a teenager.
You are above 40 years of age.
PIH runs in your family.
You had high blood pressure even before getting pregnant.
Symptoms of severe PIH
Headaches
Blurred vision
Tiredness
Nausea/vomiting
Decrease in urine volume
Pain in the upper right abdomen
Shortness of breath
Cannot tolerate bright light

Symptoms of mild PIH
High blood pressure
Protein in the urine
Water retention (edema)

Can I prevent PIH?
Although there is no particular way you can prevent PIH, a few factors that can induce Hypertension should be avoided. If you are aware that you have high blood pressure before you get pregnant, inform your doctor about it. Your doctor can suggest certain steps that you can take to help you reduce the chances of complications during childbirth. Additionally, see your doctor regularly for Prenatal checks and follow your doctor’s advice.

The following are a few things you can do to avoid PIH:

Avoid salt.
Drink at least 6–8 glasses of water a day.
Avoid fried foods.
Get enough sleep and rest.
Keep your legs slightly elevated during the day. Use a pillow or mattress under your feet.
Do not consume alcohol.
Avoid caffeine drinks such as coffee, tea, cocoa and certain soft drinks.
Exercise regularly after consulting your doctor.

Treatment

The treatment for PIH is usually based on how close you are to the date of your expected delivery of your baby. Other factors that influence treatment are the severity of the condition and the impact high blood pressure is having on your baby. If you are already close to your due date of delivery and your baby has developed well, your doctor may recommend immediate delivery of the baby.

If your Hypertension is mild, and the pregnancy is not yet term, your doctor may advice you to lie on your left side to remove the weight of your baby from your main blood vessels. Additionally, you may have to increase your Prenatal doctor visits so that your blood pressure can be monitored more frequently. If you have severe hypertension, your doctor may put you on medication until he or she feels it is safe for you to deliver.

Ways you can help yourself
If you have chronic high blood pressure, follow these steps to help make your pregnancy safer and problem free:

Before pregnancy

Lose weight through a combination of diet and exercise. Your doctor will tell you about the exercises you can perform.
Take blood pressure medication as prescribed.

During pregnancy
See your doctor regularly, so that any changes in your blood pressure and/or weight can be detected as soon as they occur.
If you have kidney disease or any other risk factors, be sure to tell your doctor early in pregnancy.
If you develop any of the warning signs of preeclampsia, inform your doctor immediately.
Keep a regular check of your blood pressure and weight even at home.

Symptoms of severe PIH
Headaches
Blurred vision
Tiredness
Nausea/vomiting
Decrease in urine volume
Pain in the upper right abdomen
Shortness of breath
Cannot tolerate bright light

Symptoms of mild PIH
High blood pressure
Protein in the urine
Water retention (edema)
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Stress in pregnancy

2008-11-19T01:05:00.000-08:00

Pregnancy is a phase in woman’s life with emotional physical, and physiological changes. Modern woman is exposed to outside work and has to balance between her home, work and her unborn baby. All this may result in stress for her and people around her. Too much stress when not coped with can be detrimental to her and her baby. When this continues for a long time, it can lead to various health complications.

Types of pregnancy stress

There are different kinds of stress that a pregnant woman can come across in her day-to-day life, such as nausea (frequent vomiting feelings), tiredness, backaches and the urge to urinate frequently. To a certain extent, hormonal changes in the body that occur with pregnancy can also be the cause of stress.

Psychological and financial status of the couple may contribute for stress. A couple may feel anxious about the financial demands and the possibility of displacement in work. Working women may also be concerned about the career sacrifices that they may have to make to bring up the child.

Women who suffer high levels of stress may display erratic or unpredictable behavior such as eating irregularly, smoking, alcohol consumption all of which can lead to Premature Labor and/or birth defects. High levels of stress may contribute to a condition called preeclampsia, characterized by high blood pressure resulting in poor fetal growth and development. Miscarriage is also another risk factor of stress although evidence suggests that the possibility of such risks is rare and can be handled by most women. Women react to stress differently. Some women take it in their stride while others find it extremely difficult to handle pregnancy related stress. The way women manage stress has a direct impact on pregnancy outcomes.

Ways to decrease stress
Women have to identify the various sources of stress and avoid them or learn to handle them effectively, whether the stress is work-related, family-related or physical; leading a healthy and fitter life can make it easier to cope with stress.

Support

A woman’s partner can be her greatest source of support and motivation during her pregnancy. She can also seek emotional support from parents and friends which helps greatly in reducing stress. Talking to family, friends, or even healthcare providers can be relaxing as these individuals can be of support and provide solutions to certain specific problems.

Healthy diet, nutrition and exercise
A healthy diet with balanced nutritional foods, combined with mild exercises is important during pregnancy, both for the mother’s well-being and the growth and development of the baby. Irregular eating or eating the wrong foods raises toxin levels in the body and can be harmful for mother and child.

Good sleep is essential and mild exercises can prevent certain pregnancy-associated discomforts and lull the mother into a soothing and restful sleep. Additionally exercise also helps minimize common discomforts like backache, general tiredness, Constipation etc. and relieves stress.

Pregnant women can also practice other relaxation methods to help reduce anxiety and stress:
Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation or listening to soothing music. Relaxation is important for both, mother and baby.
Keep the mind clear of bothersome issues, be it work-related or family-related and try to keep the mind diverted by watching television (Do not watch morbid episodes) or listening to music or reading.
Lie down for a while comfortably. Lie on the side supporting the stomach with a pillow.
Visit places you enjoy with your partner—the beach, a resort or even places of worship.
Enjoy your pregnancy throughout. Think of that special day when your bundle of joy will enter your world, bringing in joy and happiness all around.

Pregnancy is stressful for many women. Emotions may swing from being cheerful to being gloomy, from anxiety to irritation. This is quite a natural phase in pregnancy and there is nothing to be worried about unless stress levels reach unmanageable and uncomfortable levels. This can lead to premature birth or Low-birth Weight. Women must identify the situations or other causes of stress and avoid them. Fortunately, most women adjust well to the physical and psychological changes of pregnancy. However, if a pregnant woman feels too much discomfort, it is better that she talks to her doctor.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Travel During Pregnancy

2008-11-19T01:04:00.000-08:00

Now that you are pregnant, you will find yourself facing quite a few restrictions to protect you and your baby. One of the queries that will come to your mind will be, “Can I travel?”

As long as there are no known complications or concerns with your pregnancy, it is generally safe to travel most of the time during the early phase of your pregnancy. There is no reason why you should cancel your travel arrangements, unless your doctor advises you not to travel. Nevertheless for your own safety, doctors recommend that it is better to avoid travel beyond 30 weeks except under the unavoidable situation when you may have to go to another place for delivery.

Air travel, after 30 weeks is okay, only if it cannot be avoided. Keep your doctor informed about your travel plans. Your doctor will suggest the safest time and best mode of travel for you. However, there are certain precautions that you will need to take before you embark on your journey. The information below is provided to help make your trip safe and comfortable.

When is the best time for me to travel?

You will usually be in the most comfortable phase of your pregnancy between 14th and 28th week of pregnancy. This is generally considered to be the most suitable time for travel since by this time you would have got over most of the discomforts associated with the early phase of pregnancy such as nausea, vomiting, etc.

During the later stages of pregnancy, you may find it difficult to move around or remain seated for a long period of time. Too much of physical activity, stress or travel during this time carries the risk of preterm labor. Most often how your body feels will help you decide whether to travel or not. If you feel discomfort of any kind, avoid travel. Avoid places of high altitude since they can cause shortness of breath and associated discomforts. Avoid long trips and always make sure you are safe and comfortable.

Mode of travel

The next point you will have to consider is how you are going to travel; whether your travel is going to be by land, air or sea.

Land travel

If you are traveling by land, choose a comfortable car. Again, try keeping the trip short savoiding long drives. Road travel can be tiring, so restrict your driving to not more than 5–6 h a day. Wear you seat-belt well-strapped to protect you from sudden jerks. Travel in a car which has air bags fitted in it and keep the air bags activated at all times. Sit as far as possible from the dashboard to avoid hitting your stomach on it during incidents of sudden braking.

Between buses and trains, choose to travel by train. In both modes of travel, make sure you hold on to the railings when you are standing or walking about. Be cautious when you are boarding and alighting; watch your steps on the footboard. Another point to keep in mind is that bumpy rides will not cause labor.

Air travel

This is probably the safest means of travel during pregnancy. Planes have oxygen pressurized cabins, so you need not worry about shortness of breath at higher altitudes. While booking your ticket inform the airline or the travel agent about your pregnancy. Some airlines may require a certificate from your doctor if travel is after 30 weeks of pregnancy. Choosing an aisle seat with enough leg room will help you get up easily when you want to walk about or go to the bathroom. And just in case you are concerned whether the metal detector at the airport security check will harm your baby, do not worry—it won’t.

Sea travel

Try not to choose this mode of travel. It can give you an upset stomach. However, if you must travel, make sure there is a doctor on-board and the ship has sufficient medical facilities to treat your discomforts. Ships usually carry safety manuals for pregnant women; go through them to make your journey more comfortable.

Going abroad
Get your doctor’s approval before you plan a foreign trip. Some countries require visitors to get vaccinations before they arrive in that country.

Ask your doctor about the vaccinations you need to take before you travel. Take a copy of your medical history records with you. Avoid long hours of travel by air.

Hygiene

Traveling to foreign lands can put you at a risk of catching various infections. Common among them is traveler’s diarrhea. Dealing with diarrhea during pregnancy can be quite tricky. Not only will it dehydrate you and deplete you of fluid and nutrients, it will do the same to your baby too. Ask your doctor about ways to prevent diarrhea. Always keep medication at hand.

Precautions during foreign travel
Drink only bottled mineral water or juices that are canned and safe.
Use disposable paper or plastic cups.
Eat vegetables that are well cooked.
Do not eat poorly cooked food.
Avoid fresh fruits and vegetables unless they have been cooked or can be peeled (such as an orange or a banana).
Make sure the milk is pasteurized.
Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital

Sex During Pregnancy

2008-11-19T01:00:00.000-08:00

Can I have sex during pregnancy?

This is a question that is in the mind of many pregnant women. Having sex to get pregnant is one thing and sex after child birth is another. But having sex during pregnancy? It is common for women to wonder whether sex is safe when they are pregnant. Your partner may also sometimes worry if sexual intercourse may cause discomfort or pain for you. Concerns like this are common and completely normal, but most of them are unproven.

Unless your doctor advises you otherwise, sex during pregnancy is safe for you and your baby. The baby is protected by the Amniotic Fluid in your womb and by your abdomen. You can continue to have sex as far into pregnancy, right up until birth, as long as you and your partner are comfortable. And having orgasms are safe too. This section will give you information that you need to know about this subject. However, consult your doctor who will give you further advice as per your present medical condition as well as that of your partner.

Sexual desire during pregnancy
Your body goes through various changes during pregnancy and this has an impact on your desire to have sex. The early phase of pregnancy puts your body through various hormonal changes and feelings of tiredness and nausea may weaken your sex urge. Likewise weight gain, back pain or other conditions during the final phase of pregnancy will also cause a lack in sexual desire. During the second Trimester when there is an increased blood flow to your sexual organs and breasts, your desire to have sex will often increase.

Sex during pregnancy: Is Miscarriage a risk factor?

Miscarriages are often the result of Chromosomal or Genetic abnormalities and have hardly anything to do with sex during pregnancy. Your doctor will clear your doubts and apprehensions in this matter.

Will sex hurt my baby?
No. It will not. Your baby is well protected by the Amniotic Fluid in your Uterus and also by mucous plugs that blocks the Cervix. This not only protects your baby from infections, but also prevents your partner’s Penis from touching the baby.

Amniotic fluid

Is it ok to masturbate during pregnancy?
Masturbation is a great stress buster and relieves you and your partner of a lot of sexual tension. Couples who are anxious about penetrative sex can opt for mutual masturbation. Masturbation will not hurt your baby.

Can I have orgasms?
Sure you can! Orgasms do cause uterine contractions, but this should not be mixed up with the kind of contractions that you'll feel during labor. Many women also fear that orgasms lead to Premature Labor or premature birth.

This is not so. If your pregnancy has been normal, having orgasms either during intercourse or through masturbation will not cause Premature Labor or birth.
Points to remember
Miscarriage is not a risk factor
Your partner's Penis will not touch the baby.
Masturbation during pregnancy is normal.
Orgasms are normal too.
Oral sex is safe during pregnancy.
Choose a comfortable position for sex.

Oral sex during pregnancy
It is safe to have oral sex during pregnancy. Caution your partner not to blow air into your Vagina. It may block a blood vessel—a condition called air embolism— which can be dangerous for you and your baby.

Positions for sex during pregnancy
Choose the position that is most comfortable for you and your partner. However, do not lie down flat on your back during sexual intercourse as your Uterus can apply unwanted pressure on the veins behind your abdomen causing you a lot of discomfort..

When not to have sex during pregnancy
If you have vaginal bleeding or discharge for unknown reasons.

If you or your partner have sexually transmitted disease such as herpes, genital warts, Chlamydia or HIV. This can be dangerous for you and your baby.

If you have a history of premature birth, preterm labor or miscarriage

If you have Placenta previa, or a very low-lying Placenta.

If your Cervix opens prematurely, there is a risk of infection due to sexual activity.

Leakage of Amniotic Fluid.

If you're carrying two or more babies, your doctor may advise you not to have sex late in pregnancy. Listen to your doctor's advice.

Sex after delivery
It is necessary to wait for at least 6 weeks before restarting your sex life after delivering your baby. This is because your body needs time to recover and heal whether you gave birth vaginally or by Cesarean Section.

Talk to your doctor
if you are unsure whether sex is safe for you. Inform your doctor if you notice any unusual symptoms after intercourse, such as pain, bleeding or discharge, or if you experience contractions that seem to continue after sex.

Points to remember
Miscarriage is not a risk factor
Your partner's Penis will not touch the baby.
Masturbation during pregnancy is normal.
Orgasms are normal too.
Oral sex is safe during pregnancy.
Choose a Know About Pregnancy
Healthy Pregnancy
Fertility basics
Planning for pregnancy
Want a smart baby?
Pregnancy health
Eating For Two
Your growing baby
Exercise in pregnancy
Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises
Pregnancy Weight Gain
Sex During Pregnancy
Travel During Pregnancy
Stress in pregnancy
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes In Pregnancy
Labor
C-section
New mother care
Healthy Breast Feeding
Postpartum depression
Stretch marks
Diet during Breast Feeding
Birth Control choices
A Pill In Time
Miscarriage
Home/Divya Hospital
comfortable position for sex

Pregnancy Weight Gain

2008-11-19T00:56:00.000-08:00

Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters, with each Trimester lasting 3 months, or approximately 13 weeks (a normal pregnancy lasts 40 weeks). Most women notice a slight weight gain in the beginning of pregnancy. Gain in weight is a normal and healthy part of pregnancy.

Ideal weight gain

Weight gain during pregnancy varies from woman-to-woman and depends on body type and severity of nausea and vomiting. A slow and steady rate of weight gain is considered ideal.

The majority of weight gain should occur in the second and third trimesters. On an average you may have an overall weight gain of 10–12 kg.

The recommended weight gains for the BMI ranges are outlined in the table.

BMI Recommended total weight gain

Low (BMI <18.9)
12.5–18 kg

Normal (BMI of 19–24.9)
11.5–16 kg

High (BMI 25–29.9)
7–11.5 kg

Institute of Medicine

Young adolescents should strive for gains at the upper end of the recommended range. Short women (157 cm, or 62 inches) should strive for gains at the lower end of the range. The recommended target weight gain for Obese women (BMI 29.0) is at least 6.8 kg.

Why is weight gain essential during pregnancy?

The right type of pregnancy weight gain benefits both you and your baby. Your baby’s growth and development mainly depends upon the weight you put on. Gaining weight at a steady rate within recommended boundaries can also lower your chance of having hemorrhoids, varicose veins, stretch marks, backache, fatigue, indigestion, and shortness of breath during pregnancy.

The extra weight you gain during pregnancy provides nourishment to your developing baby and is also stored for breastfeeding your baby after delivery.

Gaining too little or too much can be both harmful to you and to your baby. The right type of weight gain is also the kind that turns out to be easiest to shed. Too little, and your baby does not get all he/she needs to grow. But too much may lead to gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, or a difficult delivery.

Pattern of weight gain

Many women will put on most of their pregnancy weight gain during the first 20 weeks or only gain a few kilograms up until 12–16 weeks of the pregnancy, then experience a large 'growth spurt' during the middle of their pregnancy up until about 32 weeks, slowing down their weight gain over the next 4–6 weeks and then losing 1–2 kg just prior to going into labor.

As weight gain pattern is difficult to generalize, here are a few suggestions that may explain why you are gaining weight the way you are:
Women who were relatively ‘underweight’ for their height before they conceived often put on more weight during pregnancy. This is because necessary fat stores are being laid down by the body to maintain the pregnancy and support breastfeeding after the birth.
Women who were relatively ‘overweight’ before they conceived often find that they put on very little weight during pregnancy (or perhaps even naturally lose some weight at different stages). This is because the existing fat stores become depleted by the increased physical needs of the pregnancy and an increased metabolism. This is normal and regarded as being safe if you continue to eat a well-balanced diet.
If you are excessively sick during the earlier months of pregnancy, you may not put on any weight for a while (or possibly even lose weight). Usually when the nausea and/or vomiting settles, your appetite returns and you have a ‘growth spurt’ for a few weeks, as your body ‘catches up’.
Some women retain more fluid than others. Fluid retention and swelling or Edema affects about 65% of healthy pregnant women with a normal blood pressure, usually after about 20 weeks of the pregnancy.
If you are carrying twins or triplets, you will put on more weight, but the weight gain would not be much different than a single pregnancy. As a guide for twins you may put on up to 15–20 kg (or more) and for triplets it may be up to 20–25 kg (or more).

Increase daily energy by
First Trimester
100 kcal

Second Trimester
300 kcal

Third Trimester
300 kcal

How to gain the ideal weight during pregnancy?
Gaining the right amount of weight during pregnancy by eating a healthy, balanced diet is a good sign that your baby is getting all the nutrients he/she needs and is growing at a healthy rate.

In order to gain the above healthy weight during pregnancy, it is recommended to increase your daily energy intake.

Average weight per trimester
First trimester
1.3-1.8 Kg

Second trimester
5.5-6.5 Kg

Third trimester
3.5-4.5 Kg

So here is what you need to do during pregnancy to ensure weight loss success after:
Choose whole foods. Whole foods are foods that are dense in nutrients. Think whole grains, and unprocessed foods.
Be sure that you get the right amount of calories.
Be sure you get a serving of protein, carbohydrate and fat at every meal. It will help you if you break your meals into six mini meals per day and help prevent cravings later in the day.
Choose foods high in fiber. High fiber foods will help fill you up and they will also help relieve Constipation.
Drink extra water. Drinking water helps flush toxins from your body.
You should contact your health care provider if you suddenly gain or lose weight, especially in your third Trimester.

Young adolescents should strive for gains at the upper end of the recommended range. Short women (157 cm, or 62 inches) should strive for gains at the lower end of the range. The recommended target weight gain for Obese women (BMI 29.0) is at least 6.8 kg.

Increase daily energy by
First Trimester
100 kcal

Second Trimester
300 kcal

Third Trimester
300 kcal

How to gain the ideal weight during pregnancy?
Gaining the right amount of weight during pregnancy by eating a healthy, balanced diet is a good sign that your baby is getting all the nutrients he/she needs and is growing at a healthy rate.

In order to gain the above healthy weight during pregnancy, it is recommended to increase your daily energy intake.

Average weight per trimester
First trimester
1.3-1.8 Kg

Second trimester
5.5-6.5 Kg

Third trimester
3.5-4.5 Kg

So here is what you need to do during pregnancy to ensure weight loss success after:

Benefits of exercising,Recommended exercises

2008-11-19T00:53:00.000-08:00

Benefits of exercising
Improves muscle tone and strength.
Improves immunity to ward off infections.
Helps the mother have a relatively easy labor.
Helps mother to get back faster to her pre-pregnancy shape after childbirth.

Recommended exercises
Swimming
Stationary cycling
Walking
Low-impact aerobics
Mild stretch exercises
Kegel exercises

Exercise in pregnancy

2008-11-19T00:49:00.000-08:00

Exercise during pregnancy is something many women think about but hardly do. Excuses to avoid exercise vary—no time, it is boring, lack of energy, it may cause harm to the baby etc., are some of the common ones.

But the fact remains that exercising during pregnancy has a positive impact on both the baby and the mother.

Here are some reasons why you should get moving
Exercise for energy
Pregnancy can deplete energy. Exercises such as walking strengthen and tone the muscles and rejuvenate women to carry on with their day-to-day tasks with lesser strain. Additionally, exercise improves overall blood circulation and keeps energy levels high.

Exercise for easier labor

Childbirth is a difficult process and exercise during pregnancy will help increase flexibility, endurance, and muscle control which are necessary for labor and delivery, thereby helpful in easier labor.
Benefits of exercising
Improves muscle tone and strength.
Improves immunity to ward off infections.
Helps the mother have a relatively easy labor.
Helps mother to get back faster to her pre-pregnancy shape after childbirth.
Exercise to reduce pregnancy-associated discomfort

Pregnancy is accompanied by minor aches and pains. Exercises such as muscle stretches, walking, swimming etc., strengthen various parts of the body like the back and abdominal muscles.

Exercise to prepare you and your body for birth

Strong muscles and a fit heart can greatly ease labor and delivery. Gaining control over your breathing can help you manage pain. And in the event of a lengthy labor, increased endurance can be a real help.

Muscle groups that are most important to exercise during pregnancy
The three muscle groups that a pregnant woman should target are:

Abdominal muscles: Strengthening of these muscles will make it easier to support the increasing weight of the baby.

Pelvic muscles: Strengthening of these muscles will permit the Vagina to widen more easily during childbirth and also prevent urinary problems (leaking urine when you cough or sneeze) after delivery.

Back muscles: Strengthening of back muscles will improve the posture and minimize the strain of pregnancy on the lower back and help prevent discomfort caused by poor posture.

Exercise to reduce stress
Pregnancy is a mixture of elation and anxiety and pregnant women often find themselves swinging from one to the other, which can be quite stressful.

Physical exercises increase mood-elevating chemicals in the brain and thereby reduce pregnancy-related blues.

Exercise to look better

Exercise increases the blood flow to your skin, giving you a healthy glow.
Recommended exercises
Swimming
Stationary cycling
Walking
Low-impact aerobics
Mild stretch exercises
Kegel exercises

Tips for a healthy exercise program
Do’s

Start with mild exercises.
Wear comfortable exercise footwear that gives strong ankle and arch support.
Wear a good fitting support bra to protect your breasts.
Choose exercises that do not cause pain or increased tiredness.
Take frequent breaks and drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration.
In case of shortness of breath or tiredness, rest immediately.
Relax and stretch before and after exercises.
Eat a healthy diet of fruits, vegetables and carbohydrates.
Make it slow; take it one at a time.
Don’ts

Lifting weights above the head and exercise that strain the lower back.
Exercising in hot surroundings.
Exercising on unstable or uneven surfaces.
Hard contact sporting activities.
Exercising while lying flat on the ground as this reduces blood supply to the womb
Finally…

If you plan to start on an exercise program, it is important to seek the advice of a doctor and practice certain safety guidelines, before beginning to exercise.

Your growing baby

2008-11-19T00:36:00.000-08:00

The growth of your baby in your womb is a process that takes up to 40 weeks. Pregnancy is usually broken into three periods or trimesters, each consisting of 3 months. This break up is done in order to make it easier to understand the changes that occur during the different stages of pregnancy.

The following pictures illustrate your baby’s growth and development during the various stages of pregnancy.
1st Trimester
2nd Trimester
3rd Trimester

Month 1
Month 4
Month 7

Month 2
Month 5
Month 8

Month 3
Month 6
Month 9

MONTH 1

Tiny limbs open out; these grow into arms and legs.
Formation of heart and lungs; heart starts beating by 22nd day.
Formation of neural tube which later develop into brain and spinal cord.
Your baby is around ¼ inch in length at the end of first month.

Week 4

MONTH 2

Most body organs form but do not develop fully.
The Placenta which exchanges nutrients from your body for waste products produced by the baby, begins to develop.
Eyelids form but are closed. Ears, fingers, toes, ankles and wrists also appear.
Your baby is now 1 inch long and weighs less than 28.3 g.

Week 8

MONTH 3

Your baby’s nails begin developing.
Small buds start forming in the mouth that later grow into teeth.
Soft hair begins to grow.
As your pregnancy progresses, all the body organs of your baby will develop further and the baby gains weight.
Your baby grows to about 2½–3 inches in length.

Week 12

MONTH 4

You continue to nourish your baby through the Umbilical Cord.
Your baby displays movement.
Baby’s skin is pink and transparent.
Your baby is now about 6–7 inches long and weighs about 0.11–0.14 kg.

Week 16

MONTH 5

Your baby sleeps and wakes at regular intervals
The baby becomes more energetic and lively and movements become more intense.
Finger and toe prints are formed
The baby is now around 10 inches long and weighs about 0.22–0.45 kg.

Week 20

MONTH 6

Eyelids begin to part and the eyes open.
The skin becomes red and wrinkled and covered with fine, soft hair.
At the end of 6 months, your baby is around 12 inches long and weighs about 0.68–0.9 kg.

Week 24

MONTH 7

The baby responds to light and sound.
The baby sucks its thumb, opens and closes its eyes.
The baby constantly kicks and stretches its body.
The baby is now about 15–16 inches long and weighs about 1.13–1.36 kg.

Week 28

MONTH 8

The brain continues to grow at a fast pace.
Your baby starts rolling around, kicking and stretching.
Sometimes an elbow or heel of the baby against your abdomen can be noticed.
Fingernails grow to the tips of fingers.
Lungs may still not be completely developed.
The baby is now roughly 18–19 inches long and weighs about 1.81–2.27 kg.

Week 32

MONTH 9

The ninth month marks the full term of the baby.
The baby's lungs are completely developed and begin to work independently.
The baby gains a little bit of weight.
The baby usually drops into a head-down position and rests lower in your abdomen.
By the end of ninth month, the baby is 19–21 inches long and weighs about 2.72–4.1 kg.
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Eating For Two

2008-11-19T00:35:00.000-08:00

Good nutrition is an essential part of daily life. It becomes even more essential during pregnancy because you and your baby’s health greatly depend on good nutrition. Therefore, Prenatal nutrition is the key for maintaining a healthy pregnancy.

Remember that the food you eat when you are pregnant is directly related to the health of growing baby because all the nutrients that need for the baby’s growth comes from the food or the supplements you take.

In recent years there has been evidence that malnutrition in the mother can potentially put an unborn child at risk for chronic disease, such as diabetes, obesity, cancers and heart disease in later life. This is termed as fetal programming.

The nutritional needs of your body change during pregnancy due to the change in the body and the requirements of the Fetus development. Hence, pregnant women need more nutrients than other women.

Calories—You need energy to grow a baby
During pregnancy, the need for calories is increased and an extra 300 kcal are required every day in order to provide adequate nutrition for the growing baby and weight gain during pregnancy. The intake of calories increases if you are underweight or carrying multiple babies.
Pregnancy is not the time to restrict calories and carbohydrates. Skimping on calories and carbohydrates can pose serious risks for a growing baby.

Proteins
Protein is an essential nutrient for strengthening your muscles, breasts, Uterus and baby’s tissues. It also improves blood supply. An average of 65 g of protein per day is required for you during pregnancy. A lower intake of proteins can lead to intrauterine growth restriction. Good sources of proteins are egg, pulses (Bengal gram, green gram, red gram, peas, soyabean, etc), meat products, fish and cereals.

Fats
The average daily requirement of fat in pregnancy is 40 g. A total of 5 teaspoonful of oil is enough to provide this amount in a day.
You should try to restrict the amount of fat and oils in your diet. You need to take about 300 mg/day of DHA during pregnancy. The DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid that is necessary for the brain development as well as the vision of your growing baby.

Vitamins and minerals
Vitamins and minerals help your body use the energy provided by foods for both yourself and your baby. They also help repair and maintain Cells and tissues.

Folic acid (folate) is a vitamin of concern. Folate is required to build protein tissues and for the complete development of red blood Cells. Your Prenatal nutrition must include a minimum of 400 μg/day because less than this amount can lead to birth defects. Sources of folic acid are green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, bread, beans and nuts.

Vitamin B12 assists with the healthy development of the baby's brain and nervous system. Because vitamin B12 is only present in animal and dairy foods, pregnant women who have a vegan diet will need to have a vitamin B12 supplement.
Iron is an essential nutrient for the blood supply between you and your baby. As your growing baby stores iron for later use, the need for iron increases in your body. The iron content in your Prenatal nutrition must be 38 mg/day. As this amount of iron may not be got from the food you intake, the doctors generally suggest iron supplements.

Calcium is one of the essential nutrients of Prenatal nutrition. It is needed for your baby to maintain strong bones. If your diet lacks calcium rich foods, calcium for your baby’s growth is taken from your bones. The intake of calcium in this period should be 1000 mg/day. Rich sources of calcium are milk, curd, paneer, cheese, green leafy vegetables and fish.

Vitamin D, along with calcium is also essential for keeping your bones healthy and to help your baby have strong bones.

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) helps in the growth of the developing baby, especially in first few weeks.
Nutritional guidelines for a pregnant woman
Always eat balanced meals.
Include all the members of the five food groups.
Eat small and frequent meals.
Never skip any meals.
Try avoiding caffeine (less of tea and coffee).
Avoid packaged and junk foods.
Drink lots of water.

Vitamin A is needed for healthy skin and vision. It also plays a role in your baby’s immunity development. The recommended levels are 600 μg/day (retinol) or 2400 μg/day (beta-carotene). Sources of vitamin A are green leafy vegetables, orange, papaya, carrots, etc. Zinc and iodine are also important for the proper development of your baby’s brain.

Fiber and fluids

It is particularly important to eat more fiber to avoid the common pregnancy problems of Constipation and piles (hemorrhoids). Increase your fiber intake by eating lots of fruit and vegetables (especially green leafy vegetables), whole meal bread and cereals, brown rice and pulses. You should also drink plenty of fluids. Increasing fiber without enough fluids can worsen Constipation.

Need for nutrient supplementation during pregnancy

Nutrient supplementation is an easy way of ensuring an adequate intake of key nutrients. This will also assure that nutrients like DHA, which the body cannot produce, will reach you and your baby.

The first step toward healthy eating is to look at the foods in your daily diet. A balanced diet is a basic part of good health at all times in your life.
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Pregnancy health

2008-11-19T00:33:00.000-08:00

Now that you are pregnant, taking care of yourself has never been more important. You will be probably getting advice from everyone—your doctor, family members, friends, co-workers and even complete strangers—about what you should and should not be doing.

But staying healthy during pregnancy depends on you, so it is crucial to arm yourself with information about the many ways to keep you and your baby as healthy as possible.

Regular check-ups
The key to protecting the health of your baby is to get regular Prenatal care. Getting Prenatal care as soon as you know you are pregnant (or, if possible, before you conceive) and seeing your health care provider regularly as your pregnancy progresses are vital to you and your baby's health.

You should have your first examination during the first 6–8 weeks of your pregnancy, where your doctor will figure out how many weeks pregnant you are based on a physical examination and the date of your last period.

If you are healthy and there are no complicating risk factors, you can expect to see your healthcare provider

Every 4 weeks until the 28th week of pregnancy.
Every 2 weeks until 36 weeks.
Once a week until delivery.

Throughout your pregnancy, your healthcare provider will check your weight and blood pressure while also checking the growth and development of your baby. During the span of your pregnancy, you will also have Prenatal tests, including blood, urine and cervical tests, and probably at least one Ultrasound.

Eat a healthy and nutritious diet

During pregnancy, you should eat a balanced and nutritious diet. You should also increase your calorie intake to meet the needs of your growing baby and your changing body.

Babies need nutrients from the food you eat to help them grow. You do not need to eat twice as much as told by Grandma while you are pregnant, just twice as wisely. Keep in mind the food guide pyramid when choosing meals and snacks each day. Eating a range of wholesome food can help prevent prematurity and Low-birth Weight. A balanced diet also helps you to prevent anemia, infections, difficult labor and poor healing.

Have plenty of fiber and water

It is particularly important to eat more fiber to avoid the common pregnancy problems of Constipation and piles (hemorrhoids). Increase your fiber intake by eating lots of fruit and vegetables, whole wheat bread and cereals, brown rice and pulses. You should also drink plenty of fluids. Increasing fiber without enough fluids can exacerbate Constipation.

Exercise regularly

A good exercise program can give you the strength and endurance you will need to carry the weight you gain during pregnancy and to handle the physical stress of labor. It will also make it much easier to get back into shape after your baby is born. Exercise can boost your spirits and help ward off the pregnancy blues. If you are used to taking exercise in the form of a sport, you can continue with this as long as it feels comfortable for you, unless your particular sport carries a risk of falls or knocks.

Avoid alcohol and smoking

Alcohol is absolutely off limits. Drinking even small amounts of any alcohol, including beer, can lead to mental retardation and facial deformities. It is also a major factor of Low-birth Weight and delayed growth.

Keep infections at bay
It is a must to avoid infections caught from all possible sources like raw food, from pets, atmosphere, workplace or sick people because they can seriously harm the Fetus.

Avoid self-medication
Refrain from taking medication of any kind like antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, or steroids, without consulting the doctor, because they can harm the unborn baby.

Free yourselves from stress

Pregnancy is a stressful time for many women. You may be feeling happy, sad and scared — all at the same time. Very high levels of stress may contribute to preterm birth or Low-birth Weight babies. Hence, you should try to learn how to cope with it.

You can reduce your stress by: What should I be careful about?
Eating regularly and nutritiously and drinking lots of water.
Resting when you can—and when your body needs it.
Exercising (with your doctor’s consent).
Relaxing by meditating, listening to music or yoga.
Staying away from stressful situations, when possible.
Talking—to your partner, friends, relatives and health care professionals.
Going to all your Prenatal care appointments
Avoid activities that increase your risk of falls or injury, such as contact sports or vigorous sports.
After the first 3 months of pregnancy, it is best to avoid exercising while lying on your back, since the weight of the baby may interfere with blood circulation.
Also avoid long periods of standing.

Rest
Most women find it hard to feel comfortable as their pregnancy progresses. It is alright to sleep in any comfortable position except on the belly.

Try to rest as much as possible. You may often feel very tired, particularly in the first and third trimesters. Sense of wellbeing will be there between 3rd and 8th month. Even if you cannot sleep during the day, put your feet up whenever you can.

Most important is positive outlook and involvement of spouse. Husband should be empathetic, supportive and proactive. After all you are the blessed one with pregnancy, which is elusive to 30% of couples.
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Want a smart baby?

2008-11-19T00:32:00.000-08:00

Pregnancy is an especially demanding period and there is a greater need for all nutrients during pregnancy. Many nutrients have a positive role in safeguarding the health of the mother and ensuring proper growth of the baby. One amongst them is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

What is DHA?

The main components of all fats are fatty acids which might be saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated.

Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are fats that are essential to the diet because the body cannot produce them. Essential fatty acids are extremely important nutrients for health. They are present in every healthy cell in the body, and are critical for the normal growth and functioning of the cells, muscles, nerves and organs.

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are two types of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).

Docosahexaenoic acid (commonly known as DHA) is an omega-3 essential fatty acid. Docosahexaenoic acid is the most abundant essential fatty acid in the brain and Retina. It makes up 40% of the PUFAs of the brain and 60% of the PUFAs in the Retina.

Role of DHA in pregnancy and breastfeeding

Pregnancy is a crucial time when the baby depends on mother for DHA. The last 3 months of pregnancy are particularly crucial as the baby gains weight during this period. There is also a rapid development of the brain and the nervous system during this time. Therefore, if the mother's DHA status is poor, it may lead to low DHA levels in the baby, which can have adverse effects on the growth and development of the baby.

After birth, from 1 to 8 months of age, DHA continues to accumulate at a slower rate in the baby’s body. After about 2 years of age brain DHA practically reaches adult levels.

Since breastfeeding is the only source of nourishment for the newborn for the first 6 months of life, it is important to ensure that the breastfeeding mother has adequate stores of DHA as well. Studies have shown that breast-fed babies of the mothers who consumed DHA had improved Psychomotor Development. In another study, supplementation of infant formula with DHA during the first weeks of infancy was found to improve the mental function.
DHA benefits for the baby
Important for development of baby's brain
Important for development of eyes
Important for intelligence

Major food sources of DHA

Fishes such as salmon, tuna, sardines and mackerel; fish oil supplements, nuts, seeds, oils like soyabean oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, flaxseed oil, eggs and marine algae are rich in DHA. However, excessive cooking of these foods may destroy DHA.

How much of DHA is needed?

World Health Organization (WHO) suggests an intake of 300 mg/day of DHA during pregnancy and breastfeeding. In contrast, the intake of DHA by pregnant women in India has been found to be 11 mg/day, which is far below the recommended levels.

In recent times it is seen that the fishes or fish extracts may contain traces of heavy metals like mercury, an environmental contaminant, which may be harmful to the growing baby and the mother. Moreover, vegetarian diets are poor sources of DHA. Hence, pregnant and breastfeeding mothers can ensure adequate intake of DHA by adding CLICK ON CHOSEN TOPIC
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to their diet a nutritional supplement that contains DHA.

Planning for pregnancy

2008-11-19T00:30:00.000-08:00

Planning a pregnancy needs a lot of preparation. If you are trying to have a baby or are just thinking about it, taking care of your health before you become pregnant - also called preconception care- can help you prepare for a safe pregnancy and healthy baby.

Pre-pregnancy checkup
The first step towards this is to visit your doctor. He or she will give you the right advice after evaluating your health.

Based on the evaluation, your doctor will suggest methods of taking good care of yourself before you become pregnant.

Keep track of the following aspects while planning your pregnancy.

Body weight and fertility
Maintaining your weight in the normal range before and during pregnancy helps your health and that of your baby’s. Being overweight has its risk of high blood pressure and Diabetes. It also puts a strain on the heart. This strain becomes even greater during pregnancy, when your heart has to work harder to supply blood to you and your baby.

Obese women are more prone to problems during pregnancy, which is risky for the baby as well as the mother. There is also the added risk of macrosomia, a condition in which the baby grows too large leading to labor and delivery complications.

On the other hand, being underweight can diminish your chances of even getting pregnant. It also may increase your chances of giving birth to a Low-birth Weight baby.

These small babies often have problems during labor and after birth. Therefore, it is important for you to maintain a healthy body weight before pregnancy.

Your doctor will tell you just how much weight you may have macrosomia lose depending on your present body weight.

Moreover do not go on crash diets to reduce weight. It will rob you of vital nutrients and spoil your health

Good nutrition
A healthy diet will ensure adequate stores of nutrients for you and your baby’s needs, when you are pregnant. Choose healthy foods and avoid junk or fast foods, making sure you have a well-balanced and varied diet. An average woman needs about 2,000 calories per day. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain products each day. Drink fat-free or low-fat milk and consume other dairy products.

Nutrition for the father
Prepregnancy care needs the active involvement of your partner too. It is important for aspiring fathers to follow a nutritious diet. Various studies indicate that low levels of zinc can reduce Sperm count. Excessive alcohol can also diminish zinc levels. Meat, whole-grain cereals, seafood, eggs and pulses are good sources of zinc.

Low levels of the mineral selenium also affect male fertility. Meat, seafood, mushrooms and cereals are good sources of this mineral. Aspiring dads should also watch their wePrepregnancyeing overweight or underweight can also impair fertility in men. Eat healthy and exercise regularly. Include these foods in your daily diet

Fortified breakfast cereals.

Bread.

Green leafy vegetables, such as brussels sprouts, broccoli, spinach/palak, methi and green beans

Oranges.

Dried beans.

Peas and lentils

Other precautionary measures that you should take to lessen the risks of problems during pregnancy include:

Immunization
If you are planning a pregnancy ensure that you are vaccinated for certain diseases that can harm the baby. Examples are chicken pox, Rubella etc. These vaccinations must be taken at least 6 months before you get pregnant.

General health care
You should maintain a healthy weight and follow a balanced nutritious diet. Physical exercises with the permission of your doctor will help both mother and the baby during pregnancy. It is important to avoid smoking, alcohol and other drugs. Inform your doctor if you are on any medication since certain medications can affect the development of the growing baby. Avoid extreme weather and other potential environmental hazards. It is important to quit smoking not only for woman herself, but also for her partner as passive smoking is also harmful for fetal growth. Other forms of tobacco consumption must also be avoided.

Existing and past medical conditions
If you are planning to get pregnant, it is important to inform your doctor about past or existing medical condition that you may be suffering from such as diabetes, eating disorders, hepatitis A or B, Hypothyroidism or HIV to prevent future difficulties.Pregnancy should be planned when these diseases have been optimally controlled
Role of the husband
You must involve your male partner in your health planning, whether it is planning a pregnancy or otherwise. Encourage your partner to support you at every stage of preparing for your pregnancy to ensure you get good preconception care and antenatal care during pregnancy.
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Fertility basics

2008-11-19T00:28:00.000-08:00

Well, if it is that time of your life when you are seriously pondering over having a baby, welcome to a whole new experience.

In order to improve your chances of getting pregnant soon, it is important for you to know the ideal time to have sexual intercourse.

The set of practices that helps you know the days of the month that you are most likely to get pregnant is known as fertility awareness method (FAM).
Fertility awareness is useful not only in helping you conceive, but also to help you avoid a pregnancy.
Here are some techniques that will help you know the ideal time when you will be most fertile, so that having sex during these times will improve your chances of getting pregnant quickly.
Calendar charting

To know the approximate time of ovulation, keep a written record of your Menstrual cycle for at least 5 consecutive months.

Count the first day of menstruation, that is, the first day of bleeding as ‘day 1’ of your Menstrual cycle.

Make note of your longest and shortest menstrual cycles. Later subtract 18 days from the length of your shortest cycle and note this as the first fertile day.

Subtract 11 days from the length of your longest cycle and you will arrive at the last fertile day.
Tips to improve chances
of getting pregnant
Cut out caffeine, alcohol and cigarettes.
Stop over exercising.
Achieve your ideal weight.
Reduce stress and depression.
Discontinue using birth control pills. Stop taking them at least one full cycle before you start trying to conceive. Time intercourse.
Optimize nutrition intake through a balanced diet.
Consume a diet rich in folic acid.
Begin making healthy changes 3 months to a year before you conceive.
In addition to a healthy diet, encourage supplements to increase the probability that you get all the nutrients you need.
Avoid artificial sweeteners.
For example: Count the number of days between day 1 of one period and day 1 of the next period.
In this example, the shortest cycle is 27 days and the longest is 31 days. Subtract 18 from 27 to get the first unsafe day—that is day 9. Subtract 11 from 31 to get day 20 as the last unsafe day. Hence, days 9–20 are the fertile time.
Month
Days
Length of cycle

June
27
Shortest cycle

July
29

August
31
Longest cycle

September
30

October
30
Cervical mucus
Cervical mucus (one of the vaginal discharges) plays a vital role in fertilization of the egg and also helps to estimate the fertile time. The consistency of cervical mucus changes during the Menstrual cycle. Mucous changes are recorded on a chart, and previous cycles are used as guides.

The mucous in the first phase is generally white, creamy and sticky which indicates low fertility. Later the mucous becomes wetter and more plentiful. Right before Ovulation the mucous changes into a thinner and slicker consistency, which indicates high fertility.
Basal body temperature
Keeping a record of your basal body temperature also helps you to estimate your fertile time. Measure your temperature with a thermometer every morning immediately upon waking and before any activity. This gives your basal body temperature (BBT).

Note the temperature on a graph paper to see the rise and fall of body temperature. Just before the ovulation, the temperature drops briefly.

Within 12 h of Ovulation the BBT increases several tenths of a degree and remains high until the next menstrual period. When your temperature remains high for 3 consecutive days, the fertile period is over.

Cervical observation

During the course of your Menstrual cycle the position of your Cervix (narrow outer end of uterus) changes. In the first few days after menstruation, your Cervix is fairly low and firm. The Cervix begins to move up, become more soft, wet, and open, when the wet cervical fluid begins to secrete. Your Cervix is most open and is at its highest point during the process of Ovulation. After ovulation, the Cervix returns to the firm, low, and closed position.

Other indicative signs of fertile time
Apart from the changes mentioned above, other physical changes include:

Cramps in the lower abdomen.
Tender breasts.
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