tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52434841102683521772024-10-06T22:17:46.497-07:00DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comBlogger206125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-47757129688089573732013-01-25T13:18:00.000-08:002013-01-25T15:25:17.555-08:00

In the USA, every year, 500,000 cases of genital warts are discovered, caused in 90% of cases by type 6 and 11 Papillomavirus, while serotypes 16 and 18 are accountable for 70% of cervical cancers. Since 2006 a quadrivalent vaccine (HPV4) is available, containing all the 4 serotypes and put to the disposal of female population between 9 and 26 years of age. In October 2009, a new vaccine has

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-55951016882241563732012-01-25T13:52:00.000-08:002012-01-25T13:52:46.858-08:00

Pregnant women who develop dangerous blood clots in the leg often forgo the most effective treatment for fear of harming the baby. Yet treatment to remove the clot is not only safe, it can prevent serious problems, including death, suggests research being presented at the 24thannual International Symposium on Endovascular Therapy (ISET). Iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – a blood clot

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-21666279399877516222011-05-16T11:37:00.000-07:002011-05-16T11:37:12.255-07:00

A new chemical synthesis method based on a catalyst worth many times the price of gold and providing a far more efficient and economical method than traditional ones for designing and manufacturing extremely novel pharmaceutical compounds is described by its University at Buffalo developers in a review article in the journal Nature. The chemistry, the basis of a new biotech startup company

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-21561743036217672722011-04-27T12:23:00.000-07:002011-04-27T12:25:23.662-07:00

1. Inotropes A. Digitalis 1) Inhibit Na-K-ATPase - positive inotropic effect 2) Parasympathomimetic and anti-adrenergic mechanisms 3) Drug interaction - Quinidine, Verapamil, Amiodarone 4) Conditions that increase sensitivity 2. Inotropes, Vasoconstricting A. Dopamine 1) Low doses - D1 receptors in renal vasculature 2) Increasing doses - b-1 receptors activated 3) High

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-48643360210489838912011-04-27T10:02:00.000-07:002011-04-27T10:02:16.868-07:00

1. High frequency ultrasound = 2.0 - 7.5 MHz A. Adults = 2.0 - 2.5 MHz B. Pediatric = 3.0 - 5.0 MHz C. TEE = 3.5 - 7.5 MHz D. M-mode "ice pick view" E. 2D sector scanning F. Doppler effect G. Color flow imaging     2. Standard Transducer Positions A. Transthoracic long   B. Transthoracic 90o short axis   C. Parasternal long   D.

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-39604093029525304512011-04-26T08:13:00.001-07:002011-04-26T08:13:59.578-07:00

According to post-mortem results, it has been seen that the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, even in cases of important extension, is often not performed, so researchers have wondered whether pulmonary embolism screening should be performed in patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT), even in the absence of respiratory symptoms. A systematic review has been performed on 28 prospective

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-10184232189763356082011-04-26T08:13:00.000-07:002011-11-14T15:39:02.348-08:00

In patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, a long-acting anti-thrombotic prophylaxis is usually performed, but is this practice really useful and necessary? Through a multinational trial, sponsored by pharmaceutical industry, the efficacy of a long-term prophylaxis in acute patients has been assessed: everybody has been treated with enoxaparin for 10 days, then all have been randomized to

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-81280100229944012982011-04-25T13:15:00.000-07:002011-04-25T13:20:31.842-07:00

                                           1. Basic Principles A. Cardiovascular system is first functional system in embryo B. Blood circulation by 3 weeks (21 days) C. Heart

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-76922071218276135842011-04-25T07:00:00.000-07:002011-04-25T07:00:19.830-07:00

A new drug for the treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer is launched today in the UK prior to its roll out across Europe. Halaven™ (eribulin) is a novel treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who have progressed after at least two chemotherapeutic regimens for advanced. Prior therapy should have included two common types of chemotherapy, an

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-46591233571053522462011-04-25T06:59:00.000-07:002011-04-25T06:59:43.161-07:00

In the AASK (African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension) trial, 1094 non-diabetic, black patients, with hypertension-related nephropathy, have been examined, randomizing them to a standard or intensive anti-hypertension treatment. In spite of the average pressure value obtained through intensive treatment (130/78 vs. 141/86 mmHg), the obtained composed outcome– a reduction of

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-47619745021864814642011-04-23T15:01:00.001-07:002011-04-23T15:01:23.111-07:00

Trials published up to now on the comparison between low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet have considered short-term results, so now, in the USA, the results from a 2-year trial are published, where 307 obese adults (average BMI 36 kg/ m2) have been randomized to a low-carbohydrate diet with no fat restriction or to a low-fat diet (about 30% of calories derived from fats). All participants have

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-82881039486579689262011-04-23T15:01:00.000-07:002011-04-23T15:01:01.739-07:00

Waist circumference, as an expression of central adiposity, is associated with insulin resistance, with type 2 diabetes, with dyslipidemia and with coronary artery diseases, with the result that there is an evident relation between waist measure and life expectation. This relation is independent from BMI and it has been shown by many trials, but the direct relationship between waist

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-82288298656942317522011-04-20T09:54:00.000-07:002011-06-25T10:44:45.678-07:00

By Mehmet H. Akay, MD, Igor D. Gregoric, MD, William E. Cohn, MD and O. H. Frazier, MD In the United States, at least 5 million persons have heart failure at any given time, and more than 550,000 new cases of heart failure are diagnosed each year. Almost 20% of heart failure patients require intravenous inotropic therapy, left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy, and/or cardiac

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-15501137249494984872011-04-20T09:18:00.001-07:002011-04-20T09:58:47.140-07:00

After the introduction of PSA test, many more prostate cancers are discovered, most of which are not invasive, so survival at 5 years in these subjects approaches 100%. For this reason, researchers have considered the problem of overdiagnosis and consequent excessive treatment. In order to study the matter in depth, the data from a national database concerning about 124,000 patients affected

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-40414978107137967612011-04-20T09:18:00.000-07:002011-04-20T10:00:06.745-07:00

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the overproduction of plaques formed by beta-amyloid, which can be contrasted through the use of proteins belonging to the family of alpha-secretase. In a trial performed by MIT, some rats with an overproduction of beta-amyloid (with consequent behavioural and cognitive alterations very similar to the ones in Alzheimer’s disease) have been matched with

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-7663134385750159862011-04-20T09:17:00.000-07:002011-04-20T09:17:52.098-07:00

In the cases where it is not possible to explain the occurrence of a rapid and progressive cognitive decline through usual non-invasive examinations, the use of cerebral biopsy has been proposed. In a trial performed by Emory University in Atlanta, some neurosurgeons have re-examined the medical records of 51 adults undergoing cerebral biopsy between 1999 and 2008 to determine the causes of

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-51648127990749470572011-04-14T15:43:00.001-07:002011-04-14T15:43:41.706-07:00

Weight loss is fundamental for the prevention of cardiovascular events, so trials to find effective solutions to overweight and obesity are more and more frequently performed. In this trial, sponsored by pharmaceutical industry, over 10,000 subjects with an excess of weight and with known cardiovascular risk factors or with type 2 diabetes and at least another risk factor have been collected.

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-34051438711889000992011-04-14T15:43:00.000-07:002011-04-14T15:43:01.304-07:00

According to the results published in 2004, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has updated its guidelines on the treatment of breast cancer, focusing its attention on the use of tamoxifen and of aromatase inhibitors. The most important points are the following: - women with cancers positive to estrogen receptors should use aromatase inhibitors, both as a primary adjuvant therapy

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-36735384094003560582011-04-11T14:54:00.000-07:002011-04-11T14:54:46.548-07:00

It is not always easy to distinguish modifications occurring in the heart of athletes from the ones which are real heart diseases: for example, ventricular left remodeling can be taken for hypertrophy and the same difficulty is to be seen in the evaluation of aortic root diameter, normally considered a physiologic consequence of the increased heart output. On this topic, in athletes, a

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-29498782659202914242011-04-11T14:53:00.000-07:002011-04-11T14:53:38.888-07:00

In type 2 diabetes, you can use incretin-mimetic drugs to stimulate insulin secretion and mitigate glucagone release, slowing gastric emptying at the same time. Among these ones, exenatide (an agonist of glucagone-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1) receptors) needs one-two daily administrations, so a long-acting formulation is being studied, with a weekly administration. Sitagliptin (an inhibitor

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-69157694505465850612011-03-27T16:35:00.000-07:002011-03-27T16:35:20.401-07:00

In adults with subclinical hypothyroidism (increased TSH and normal fT4), is the administration of thyroxine supplementation capable to improve cognitive function? In order to answer this question, an English trial has been performed where 94 subjects over 64 years of age with subclinical hypothyroidism have been treated with thyroxine (up to TSH normalization) or placebo. At enrolment,

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-33650816827135326462011-03-27T16:32:00.000-07:002011-03-27T16:32:52.274-07:00

In the equipment of drugs to obtain a weight loss, there are some products which really produce a weight loss but which are not used for this reason because of their heavy side effects, such as, for example, rimonabant (an antagonist of cannabinoid receptors, recently retired from the market) and, partly, sibutramine. At present, the association of bupropion and naltrexone is being studied

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-39554491313111210532011-03-23T11:40:00.000-07:002011-03-23T12:49:04.733-07:00

Despite there is not drugs capable to reduce the risk of fractures of 50%-70% after 6-12 months of treatment, postmenopausal osteoporosis often remains not recognized and consequently not treated, with easily foreseeable consequences. The North American Menopause Society (NAMS), in its declarations in 2010, affirms that all women in post-menopause should be assessed for risk factors

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-62392310379214623662011-03-23T11:37:00.000-07:002011-03-23T12:47:21.689-07:00

Even if genetic factors certainly have an important role, at the basis of the incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, no doubt, there are other factors. In order to verify the extent of this disease, some researchers at Mayo Clinic have examined the data relative to cases of rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed in Olmsted, Minnesota, between 1995 and 2007. A slight increase in the

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5243484110268352177.post-52804927580501183742011-03-21T11:32:00.000-07:002011-03-23T12:12:45.523-07:00

The treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections in pediatrics has been complicated by the constant increase of antibiotic resistance by Staphylococcus aureus. With a retrospective, case-control trial, the efficacy of a treatment, performed in Philadelphia through beta-lactamines, clindamycin or trimetoprim-sulphametoxazole (TMP-SMX) was evaluated in 2096 children (between 0 and 21) with

DOChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04277052174369268425noreply@blogger.com