UHS OSPE

REVIEW ARTICLE – Intravenous paracetamol in pediatrics: A global perspective

2013-01-11T12:32:00.001-08:00

REVIEW ARTICLE – Intravenous paracetamol in pediatrics: A global perspective

Chest X-ray after the Insertion of CVP Line

2012-05-28T14:08:00.002-07:00

The commonest complication of subclavian central line (central CVP line) is pneumothorax. During CVP line insertion, there are most likely the chances of puncturing the pleura and subsequent pneumothorax. That's why, getting chest x-ray after CVP line insertion is inevitable.

How to Make Money as a Freelancer

2012-05-16T20:30:00.005-07:00

“How to make money as a freelancer?” is a question that rises in the mind of each individual who works on internet while sitting at home. Making money online is a full-time job. Though, you may find it as a fun along with earning some extra money. However, many freelancers take it as a part-time job. If you are interested to earn money online, you need to know about some best outsourcing websites like freelancer.com.

Bad luck to the new freelancers; many of them get indulge into fraudulent websites. At present, most of the click through sites is scam. In this way, the new internet users take it ill and forget to earn money online. On the other hand, if they get to know how to make money online as a freelancer, they will never think of leaving this interesting job. I am sure that an expert freelancer can make more money than routine job. It all depends upon the experience and good dealings with the employees and employers.

How I Started as a Freelancer?

I was an under-graduate student when I first time heard of making money online. At first I went awry that it was just a fraud. There would be no earning at all. But, I kept researching on it and one day, I heard from some of my friends that one can make money online by writing articles and typing the provided data by the clients. On hearing this, my quest increased and I bought my personal computer. Got an Internet connection and started my surfing world. At first I find a click site which was written with “earn cash within days”. I was deceived and made an account on that site. I worked on it for two months in order to reach the threshold money. But, it opened my eyes when I got nothing for my all efforts. I got disappointed and tried to forget about making money online.

After sometime, I received an invitation for writing articles from some company through my facebook account. I applied for that and they gave topics to write articles. I worked and got paid. I was very happy when I received my first earning that was just $8. Although it was just $8, I was flying in the air as it was my first ever earning. In this way, I came to know about the real world of freelancing and now I am in line of great medical writers. It is not the writing through which one makes money; there are a lot of ways to earn money online. Web designing is a big industry in the freelance world.

At first, my friends made fun of me and called me a fool who was thinking of earning money on Internet. Many a time they asked me not to waste my time in such things. But, I carried on my way of searching as I wanted to quench my thirst of making money online. I did not took ill of my friends’ sentences and keep on struggling as I know that someday I would be earning a big money on Internet.

I carried on my struggles and made an account on www.freelancer.com. I started bidding on the projects. I was enjoying the bidding on the different projects related to my niche. At last, I won a bid on a project and wrote a lot of articles allotted to me by my employer. He paid me $2 per article; it was a big money for me as a new freelancer. Then I started winning the projects and paved my way of making money online. Along with freelancer.com, I created my accounts on many other sites like Triond, Odesk, Elance, Expertscolumn and Redgage. Triond earning proved pathetic to me and I left it. Other sites also pay their pay well but working with freelancer.com is wonderful. As far as I am concerned, it was a great fun working with freelancer.com. It was all my story of making money as a freelancer.

At present, I am earning about $1000 per month working as a freelancer. It is a big money for me now that I sit in my room and make money. Now people come to me and ask how to start as a freelancer. I tell them and ask them not to indulge in fraudulent websites. I always tell them about www.freelancer.com as it is one of the most trusted outsourcing sites.

How to Start as a Freelancer?

It is clear that no one becomes millionaire overnight. Dollars do not grow on the trees. It takes time and struggle to reach a good position. Similarly, making money as a freelancer requires struggle and continuous work. Once you get a position, money comes in a flow. First of all you should create an account on a trustworthy site like freelancer.com. Create your profile in the best possible way. Make your ranking and then make money. Once you have a good ranking, you would be your own boss of making money online.

The strategy of making money online is to start with low priced projects. For this, you need to bid low and win the more and more projects. In this way you will have more work and more work that will increase your ranking. The employers like to hire freelancers with high rankings. So, first build your ranking and then go for big projects. This is the technique and a proper way of making money as a freelancer.

Regarding your profile, you must have a proper style describing yourself. You may adopt this way: “I am an MBBS doctor and medical writer. I completed my MBBS Degree University of Health Sciences (UHS) Lahore. I have been writing medical academic content/writings for about a year on freelancer.com. I am easy at writing medical articles, review articles, synopses, dissertations, case studies, editorials, scenarios and multiple choice questions. Moreover, I can handle projects about research articles, presentations, textbooks, essays, reports, sales letters, and literature searches. In other words, I am a writer, editor, proofreader and researcher, predominantly working on medical and related projects.

I am found of handling any job (particularly related to my field), small or large, keeping in mind the budget and deadline. Provision of quality work is my passion as I cherish my writing job as my hobby and interest.”

How Does Freelancer.com Work?

Freelancer.com is the biggest and the most trusted outsourcing website in the online world. You can work as a freelancer as well as an employer. You may put projects and hire freelance developers or you can bid on the projects. Win the projects, work on them and get paid. As an employer, you are always at ease. First you create a project, compare and select the best possible freelancer/freelancers and then pay for the services when satisfied. Isn’t it interesting and fair? When talking about freelancers, you need to bid on the projects with some milestone payment. Win a project, work with sincerity and get paid. Milestone payment will make you satisfied if you go accordingly and on the best. In this way, you cannot lose your money and efforts as the website protect your rights!

Why to Use Freelancer.com?

Freelancer.com is a big marketplace where you can grow your business and the profit. Here you get the best quality of the work within your budget. It is easy and quick to post the project on the site. Moreover, help center is always at hand. Ask anytime if you are facing some problem and get instant solution. This is what a company or firm can put forth for the workers/customers.

Additionally, you can find any type of work on this site. You can work as a web designer, as an article writer and as and advertiser. You find yourself in a place where you can find the world's best freelance designers. Freelancer.com comes in the top 250 sites and it is the best out sourcing site to enhance the business and marketplace. A lot of famous software engineers work with this site. There no chance of any fraud or mishap.

Moreover, off and on awards held by the site are very important. You may win the award and earn a lot of money without any cost. I like this award activity by freelancer.com. The more you participate in the award activity, the more chances you have to win. What you are to do is to be sincere with your work.

In a nutshell, making money as a freelancer is an interesting and easy way of earning a livelihood. You sit at home and earn with pressing the buttons of the keyboard, but using your brains. Just you need to be vigilant, sincere and hard-worker. Keep yourself in good ethics. Outsourcing websites help the hard-working freelancers. They help their customers to grow and nourish. At present, millions of freelancers are active online. Start your freelancer career with freelancer.com and excel in your business. When we talk about www.freelancer.com, we feel a kind of trust and confidence. So making money as a freelancer has become very easy with freelancer.com. So, create your account and earn money using best of your expertise.

By: Muzammil196

Tags:
Freelancer designer, Hire freelance developer, How to make money as a freelancer, Making money online, Medical writer,

Paediatrics Ospe ( UHS Feb 2012)

2012-02-19T09:58:00.002-08:00

Sargodha Medical College ( UHS Pediatrics Ospe Feb 16, 2012)
1. ITP and its treatmnt
2. Signs of meningial irritation and complications of the disease
3.Bitot spot vitamin deficiency? WHO XEROPTHALMIA CLASSIFICATION? and treatment?
4.Chicken pox. incubation period? Its complications?
5. Meningitis/encephalitis and investigations and complications
6. Mitral regurgitation, causes and treatment
7. NEC radiological signs? treatment?
8. RDS treatment and risk factors

PMC ( UHS Paediatrics Ospe Feb 17, 2012)
1. Bitot spots, vitamin A deficiency. WHO Classification of vitamin A and treatment.
2.x X-ray of pleural effusion pneumonia in 5 year child, two causative agents in this age group and two steps for management.
3. Picture showing marasmus and treatment?
4. Autosomal recessive disorder percentage in next offspring sex ratio of this disease
5.DIC, Investigations and result of investigations
6. Meningitis, complications
7. PDA and treatment8. TOF, two findings on x-ray and treatment?

LMDC ( UHS Paediatrics Ospe Feb 18 2012)
1. DIC scenario and four invest
2. ABO incompatibility scenario and four invest
3. Five differences between kwashiorkor and marasmus
4. Hypothyroidism 12 features drug two investigations
5. Spacer device commenest use in asthma and treatment of asthma
6. Hair on end appearance thalassemia and its cardiac complications
7. Down syndrome pic features most common chromosomal abnormality
8. X-ray chest boot shaped heart TOF treatment?

AIMC ( UHS Paediatrics Ospe Feb 19, 2012)
1. Picture Down syndrome, features? defect?
2. Picture Marasmus, features
3. Scenerio, calculate APGAR Score, how to counsel the parents?
4. X-ray pleural effusion, management?
5. Scenario Rheumatic fever, diagnostic criteria
6. Scenario ITP, investigations, management
7. Scenario Pyloric Stenosis, investigations, management?
8. Scenario VSD, Investigations, complications?

Tags: Pediatric Ospe, UHS, SMC, PMC, AIMC

Gynecology and Obstetrics Ospe ( UHS Lahore Feb 2012)

2012-02-14T05:32:00.001-08:00

SMC Gynae/Obs Ospe (UHS Feb, 2012)
1. Ectopic pregnancy
2.Bilateral ovarian serous cyst adenoma
3. Spina bifida
4. OUTLET forceps
5. injection contraceptive
6.Endometrial carcinoma
7. APH
8. Pre-eclampsia
9.vaccuum delivery
10. Treat of infected episiotmy
INTERACTIVE STATIONS
11. Epilepsy
12. tubal ligation
13. Cord prolapse
14. PPH
15. Steps of D&C.

LMDC Gynae/Obs Ospe (UHS Feb, 2012)
Static: Milk letdown reflex, Antenatal care aims booking visit classification parental craft, Labour 2nd stage duration management , PPROM due to chorioamnionitis, Heart failure in pregnancy..causes? Fetal complications, Labour management and examination, Laproscopy indications complications how to perform, UV prolapse: Types...investigations...treatment, Menopause: HRT hormones of HRT...complications, Hysterectomy: abdominal and vaginal indications pedicles ligated,
Interactive:
Ovarian cyst counseling, vaginal pessary counseling, shoulder dystocia drill, counseling vaginal delievery of a women with previous c-section, counseling of patient with previous preterm labor and perinatal mortality

Tags: Gyne Ospe, Obs, UHS, LMDC, SMC

UHS OSPE Surgery February 2012

2012-02-10T02:10:00.002-08:00

UHS OSPE Surgery (LMC Feb 09, 2012)

In growing nail, Foley’s catheter, Deaver’s retractor, subdural hematoma, Hydrocele, Lumber puncture technique
Interactive stations: Carbuncle, Incisional hernia. Cullen’s sign, Pleural effusion /pneumoheamthorax, Colle's fracture

For Photos of OSPE stations please refer to Redgage

UHS OSPE Surgery (SMC Feb 10, 2012)

1. Colles fracture 2.Extra dural hematoma CT scan 3. DVT 4. T-tube cholangiogram 5. ETT 6.Pneumothorax x-ray 7. IVP 8. Lipoma 9.Meckels diverticulum
Interactive stations: Hydatid cyst CT scan, Non crushing intestinal clamp

UHS OSPE Surgery (LMDC Feb 10, 2012)

Tracheostomy complications and uses, Proline suture non-absorbable synthetic uses, Cullen’s sign, Infected sebaceous cyst, Perforated intestine (picture), Cause gall stone, Ganglion, Haemorrhoids, Laryngoscope, Extradural hematoma, Valgus deformity of big toe, Kidney and gall bladder stone on x-ray.

UHS OSPE Surgery (PMC Feb 10, 2012)

Observed STATIONS: picture of exophthalmos , picture and x-ray of road traffic injury resulting in diapHgragmatic rupture. Unobserved : Sundural hematoma , knee fracture , ways for artificial respiration , Courvoiser's law , Intermittent claudication , Hemorroids , Thyroid nodule , Inguinal hernia , Urinary bladder carcinoma

UHS OSPE Surgery (PMC Feb 11, 2012)

1. Graves disease picture (Exophthalmos and diffusely enlarged thyroid) diagnosis? Management options? Complications of thyroidectomy?
2. Hard nodule in breast 2x2cm with two axillary nodes, diagnosis? Staging? Triple assessment? Treatment?
3. Scenario of head trauma and unconsciousness, diagnosis? Investigations? Treatment?
4. ETT, Complications, Mode of sterilization
5. Picture of ulcer on foot and history of diabetes, diagnosis? Cause? Types of amputation?
6. ERCP showing dilated common bile duct with stones, Treatment options? Complications of ERCP?
7. Six months child with projectile vomiting and palpable epigastric mass, what is the diagnosis? Metabolic abnormality? Treatment?
8. Haematuria and suprapubic pain, diagnosis? Investigations? Treatment options for bladder stones? Causes of painless hematuria?
9. X-ray of 60 years old female showing nof, complications, treatment?
10. Smoker with progressive dysphagia, barium swallow showing shouldering defect with narrowing of esophagus.diagnosis? How will you confirm? Investigations to assess the spread?

UHS OSPE Surgery (NMC Feb 11, 2012)

Observe stations:

Renal ca x-ray mets.atypical feature,why hb raised?
Cystic hygroma material treatment complication
Seventy year old, fracture femur neck,cause, treatment?
Esopageal cancer on barium swallow (stricture)
Mesenteric cyst
Extradural hematoma on CTt scan
Vaporizer instrument, 2 drugs for gas inhalation,complications of halothane
X-ray chest (gas under diaphragm) cause ? what other causes? Emergency management?

Interctive stations:

Nipple eroded 2 lesion (Eczema, Paget's disease), treatment?
Hyperthyroidism (MNG) Symptioms treatment?

.UHS OSPE Surgery (RMC Feb 12, 2012)

Interactive:

Breast CA
Cholecystectomy specimen , gall stones

Static:

1- SUPRAPUBIC CYSTOSTOMY TUBE/CATHETER (used in uretheral injury , stenosis)
Indications: uretheral injury , stenosis , blood at meatus
Diagnosis: UTI , hemorrhage , Bladder injury
2- X-Ray NECK lateral view C2 cervical spine fracture
Complications: quadriplegia ,respiratory failure
Management?
3- PAROTID ABSCESS
Management: ( incision and drainage , analgesic , antibiotic)
Prevention: (oral hygiene , stop smokeless tobacco ( naswar, bettlenut ) and smoking
4- HYDROPNEMOTHORAX
Steps at reception : ABCD of ATLS , resuscitation
Definite Treatment: chest tube intubation with underwater seal
5- ANESTHESIA MACHINE for monitoring general anesthesia
Any 2 parts?
Monitor: care at end user : check all parts after usage , do not put with on machine, clean after usage
6-TOWEL CLIP : Uses: holding drapes , draping, drain in drapes
Emergency usage :same
Sterilization : autoclave
7-?
8-?
9-?

Tags: UHS Surgery Ospe , LMC, SMC, LMDC, NMC, RMC

UHS OSPE MEDICINE 2012

2012-02-07T03:40:00.001-08:00

MEDICINE (UMDC Feb 07, 2012)

Static Stations:

1. LP needle and its uses
2. Sodium bicarbonate and its Indications
3. Psoriasis lesions and joint deformity...Psoriatic Arthritis
4. Cushing syndrome due to corticosteroid use for asthma and a photo shown with sign seen on face (moon face)
5. Infective endocarditis and investigations
6. Schizophrenia and two drugs that are used for it
7. Pericardial effusion, don't remember the questions... :P
8. Bilateral hilar lymph adenopathy and differential diagnosis of it
9. Rhematiod arthritis and its deformities shown in a photo (It was a hand with ulnar deviation, button hole deformity)
10. ?

Interactive:

1. Tetunus immunization in a 30 year old man with road side accidental wound
2. Diabetes in an obese person recently diagnosed...counsel the patient.
3. Cerebral infarct and management
4. Pulmonary embolism and its management

MEDICINE ( SIMS Feb 07, 2012)

Interactive:

(1) Hepatitis B counseling, (ii) Salbutamol, (iii) NG tube , (iv) Status epilepticus

Static:

ECG atrial flutter, Plantar reflex, vitiligo (identify the picture, diseases associated with it and most common areas of involvement) , Anxiety disorder, CLD , Metabolic acidosis, X-ray showing aortic arch, 1st rib, manubrium, right and left pulmonary artery & vein , right and left bronchus,trachea, Pyogenic meningitis.

MEDICINE OSPE ( AIMC Feb 07, 2012 )

Interactive:

Acne vulgaris, Depression, X-ray pneumothorax

Statics:

1) ETT and its uses 2) SLE picture, 3) Meningitis diagnosis, d/d and one specific test, 4) ECG anterior wall MI and its investigations, 5) Parkinsonism diagnose and 3 drugs for it 6) Acromegaly diagnosis and two tests 7) Digoxin its use and Contraindications 8) X-ray of lung collapse 9) Picture of spider navi.

MEDICINE OSPE ( QAMC Feb 07, 2012 )

1. EcG MI
2. Atrial flutter
3. CPR perform
4. CPR just examine
5.Folleys catheter
6. Scleroderma
7. Counseling of depression
8. Counseling upper GI bleed
9. You found a person unconscious at roadside, how will you procede?
10. CA lung X-ray...What is the cause of hyponatremia and hypercalcemia.
11. X-ray chest for TB with ghon's complex.name 6 anti tb drugs.
12. CT scan (hematoma of brain)

MEDICINE OSPE ( PMC Feb 07, 2012 )

Static:

1. LP Needle and indications
2. Grave's disease (2 eye signs and 2 drugs
3. DKA and its management
4. Thrombocytopenia and measure to stop blood before surgery
5. Poststreptococcus glomerulonephritis
6. X-ray pleural effusion and 4 causes
7. Cavitating lesion of lung and its 4 causes
8. Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (joint disease)
9. Infective endocarditis and management.

Interactive:

1. Status epilepticus and treatment
2. Pulmonary edema and management
3. Depression and drugs
4. DM, and life style and diet modifications

MEDICINE OSPE ( LMDC Feb 07, 2012 )

Unobserved:

1. Rhuematoid arthritis and causes
2. Erythema nodusum and treatment
3. Brain abcess on CT scan called ring enhancement lesion and tretment
4. CCF/pericarditis on x-ray
5.Dengue
6. Bipolar disorder
7. CT sacn bronchiectatsis

Observed:

1. HIV counseling
2. Postpartum psycoisis conseling
3. Resusuitation with ambu bag and cardiac thumb, resusutation of uncouncious pateint
4. Atrial fibrllation

MEDICINE OSPE ( UMDC Feb 08, 2012 )

STATIC:
1. Herpes zoster, treatmnt and complications
2. Obsessive compulsive disorder, diagnosis, treatment
3. X-ray chest showing opacity, findings and THREE differential diagnoses
4. Cerebral infarction, diagnosis and THREE causes
5. Ventricular tachycardia , diagnosis, immediate steps of management, TWO causes
6. Bronchiactesis, FIVE causes and FOUR investigations
7. Acute gout, THREE drugs for treatment,
8. Uremic encephalopathy, TWO physical sign, management
9. Meningitis, investigations, drugs
INTERACTIVE
10. MI with DM
11. Pulmonary edema,
12. H.pylori
13.Diabetes Melitis

MEDICINE OSPE ( LMDC Feb 08, 2012 )

Interactive:

1. Atropine uses and contraindications
2. Tetanus
3. Acute exacerbation of COPD/ (Pulsus paradosus...?)
4. Oropharyngeal airway, uses and how to use,

Static:

1. ST elevation (MI/Pericarditis)
2. Percussion(picture with percussing hands) types and findings in respiratory system
4. RA.. FOUR radiological findings, FOUR drugs
5. x-ray chest of TB other radiological findings, abnormality in x-ray
6. Cerebral infarction frontal lobe =>causes, how the patient will present
7. Acidosis
8. Schizoprenia, drugs, extra-pyramidal syndrome
9. Sting bite => urticaria, types, anaphylactoid shock
10. Matching-- Biting nails anxiety, Vasculitis Splinter hemorrhages, Koilonychia Iron deficiency, Psoriasis Pitting nails, Half and half nails CRF.

MEDICINE OSPE ( AIMC Feb 08, 2012 )

Interactive stations:

1. A pillow was placed on a bed with sternum drawn on the paper and the paper placed on the pillow. The command was patient is BP less pulse-less now proceed.We were suppose to perform CPR.
2. Patient is depressed, counsel him. Will you give SSRIs in morning or at night?
3. The patient is unconscious. Now proceed...we were suppose to do BLS.
4. The patient is HBV possitive.counsel him. What is the duration of interferon therapy and followup?(interferone 1 year followup 3 monthly). How to protect other house mates (vaccination).

Non interactive station:

1. Acute coronary syndrome and management
2. Thalasaemia
3. SLE (butterfly rash was shown, H/O small joint pain)
4. Intracranial hemorrhage and its management
5. LP needle and its diagnostic indications.
6. TOF and its management,esophageal varices (endoscopic pic was shown)
7. Bell's palsy

MEDICINE OSPE ( PMC Feb 08, 2012 )

Interactive:

1. Pulmonary edema due to cardiogenic shock, what is the treatment?
2. Pulmonary edema due to accelerated hypertension. What is the treatment?
3. Foley's catheter, how to insert it?
4. Acute Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis, emergency management?

Static:

1. LP needle
2. Heparin
3. Adison's disease
4. Erythema nodosum (picture shown), causes and investigations?
5. Aortic regurgitation scenario, diagnosis? physical signs?
6. Swollen knee joint (picture shown), differential diagnosis?
7. Pneumonia scenario, physical signs?
8. Hyponatremia... causes in CCF and other causes?

Tags: Medicine Ospe 2012,

Examination Of A Swelling

2011-05-27T22:39:00.001-07:00

Abdominal swelling (Umbilical hernia)

Swelling:

Any enlargement or protuberance in the body is called swelling. It may be congenital, traumatic, inflammatory, neoplastic or miscellaneous.

Examination:

General Survey:

Patient with swelling should be looked at as a whole. Observe the patient for cachexia or malnutrition and his/her attitude.This general survey is important and may lead to the diagnosis.

Inspection:

Following points should be preciselt noriced:

1- Site: (dermoid cyst commonly seen in midline of the body, pre or post auricular areas)

2- Size: (vertical and horizontal dimensions)

3- Shape: (ovoid, spherical or pear-shaped --- never say circular swelling)

4- Surface: (cauliflower surface in squamous cell carcinoma, irregular numerous branched surface of a papilloma)

5- colour: black(benign nevus, melanoma), red or purple(arterial hemangioma), bluish(ranula)

6- Number: solitary(lipoma, dermoid cyst), multiple(neurofibromatosis, diaphyseal aclasis)

7- Edge: (clearly defined or indistinct, pedunculated or sessile)

8- Pulsation: (vascular swelling)

9- Impulse on coughing: (the swellings which are in continuity with the abdominal, pleural, cranial cavity or spinal canal show positive cough impulse)

10- Peristalsis: (congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis)

11- Movement with respiration: (swelling arising from liver, spleen, stomach, gallbladder, hepatic and splenic flexures of colon move with respiration)

12- Movement with deglutition: (thyroid swelling, thyroglossal cysts, subhyoid bursitis, pre or paratracheal lymph node enlagement)

13- Movement with protrusion of tongue: (thyroglossal cyst)

14- Skin over the swelling: red and oedematous(inflammatory), tense glossy with venous prominence(sarcoma), black punctum( sebaceous cyst), pigmentation(moles, naevi), scar(previous operation, injury or suppuration), peau d' orange(CA beast)

15- Any pressure effect: (axillary swelling may cause oedema of upper limb, venous engorgement in neck due to retrostrnal prolongation of swelling.

Palpation:

1- Temperature: (feel the surface of the swelling with the back of fingers and compare with the normal surface on the body) - - - raised temperature(sarcoma- well vascularised tumor)

2- Tenderness: (palpate the swelling keeping an eye on the patient's facial expressions and check for the tenderness) - - - tender(inflammatory swelling), non-tender(neoplastic swelling)

3- Size: (palpate the swelling and have an idea of its deeper dimension)

4- Shape: (ovoid, spherical or pear-shaped --- never say circular swelling)

5- Extent: (palpate and note vertical and horizontal dimensions in cm)

6- Surface: smooth(cystic), lobular with smooth bumps(lipoma), nodular(a mass of matted lymph nodes), rough and irregular(carcinoma)

7- Edge/Margin: Palpate the edge/margin with finger tips. It may be well defined or indistinct--- well defined (neoplastic and chronic inflammatory swelling), ill-defined (acute inflammatory swelling). It may be smooth (benign growth) or irregular (malignant growths). The margin of benign tumor like lipoma does not yield to the palpating finger but slips away from finger whereas margin of cysts yields to the palpating finger and does not slip away.

8- Consistency: The swelling/lump may vary from very soft to very hard. It may be
      soft (lipoma)
      cystic (cysts or chronic abscesses)
      firm (fibroma)
      hard but yielding (chondroma)
      bony hard (osteoma) or
      stony hard (carcinoma).
Bear in mind that consistency of a solid swelling may also be soft as in the case of lipoma. Crepitus may be heard in case of gaseous swelling (gas gangrene, surgical emphysema). Sometimes swelling may be of variable consistency (carcinoma, sarcoma).
During palpation one must assess whether the swelling is getting molded to the pressure applied or not. By this one can assess the content is pultaceous or putty like material. So the swelling must be sebaceous or dermoid cyst or even an abdominal swelling. Swelling may pit on pressure. It means that there is oedematous tissue or the swelling may be inflammatory.

9- Fluctuation: If the pressure applied on one pole of the swelling is felt at the other pole, fluctuation will be positive. Two fingers one, from each hand, are used while performing the test. Pressure is applied on one pole of the swelling with one finger and is felt with other finger placed on the opposite pole. If the fluctuation is positive the finger placed on the opposite pole will raise due to increased pressure inside the swelling. Swelling fluctuates when it contains fluid or gas. The fluctuation test is performed in two planes at right angles to each other and two fingers are placed as far apart as the size of the swelling will allow. More than one fingers can be used for larger swellings.

10- Fluid thrill: The swelling is tapped with two fingers on one side and percussion wave is felt on the opposite side of the swelling with the palm of other hand. Swelling filled with fluid shows positive fluid thrill.

11- Translucency:

12- Impulse on coughing:

13- Reducibility:

14- Compressibility:

15- Pulsatility:

16- Fixity to the overlying skin:

17- Relations to surrounding structures:

18- Plane of the swelling:

Examination of regional nodes, nerves and vessels:

Percussion:

Auscultation:

Measurements:

Movements:

Examination for pressure effects:

Tags: Examination of swelling, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, dermoid cyst, thyroid gland, hernia,

UHS OSPE PAEDIATRICS 2010 Supplementary

2011-05-27T20:15:00.003-07:00

‎

‎1) Newborn baby with neonatal jaundice a few hours after birth, Hb:12----

(i) diagnosis?(Rh incompatibility)

(ii) important investigations (blood groups of mother and baby, direct coomb's test in the infant)

(iii) management (photo-therapy, exchange transfusion, pharmacologic therapy)

2) Picture of child with Down's syndrome

(i) diagnosis?

(ii) enlist clinical features seen in the picture?

(iii) type of defect? (trisomy 21)

3) ECG findings given---

(i) diagnosis? (Rheumatic fever with carditis)

(ii) ecg findings? (first degree heart block, PR interval prolonged)

4) Blood film picture showing infected RBCs----

(i) diagnosis? (cerebral malaria)

(ii) name of investigation?(thick and thin blood films)

(iii) management?

5) Picture of vesicular rash in specific skin area only---

(i) diagnosis: (herpes zoster infection)

(ii) treatment ?

6) Patient with relative on anti tb drugs---

(i) imp investigations?

(ii) (don't remember the other 2 questions sorry)

7) X-ray of wrists---

(i) diagnosis? (rickets)

(ii) x-ray findings? (cupping fraying flaring osteopenia)

(iii) important investigations?

8) X-ray with collapsed lung ---

(i) diagnosis? (pneumothorax)

(ii) xray findings?

(iii) emergency treatment?

What are Varicose Veins

2011-05-27T05:44:00.001-07:00

Abnormally long, swollen and twisted veins, especially in the lower limbs are called varicose veins.

Tags: Varicose veins, swellin

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

2011-05-26T02:07:00.000-07:00

When abdominal aorta becomes abnormally enlarge or balloons outward the condition is called Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm(AAA). It is a common form of aortic aneurysm. It can occur infrarenally, pararenally or suprarenally. About ninety percent of aortic aneurysm occur infrarenally. It is more common in men and occurs most commonly in individuals between 65 and 75 years old. Smokers are at stake and after 60 they must go for screening ultrasound. Life-threatening complication of aortic aneurysm is rupture of the aneurysm which can lead to death within minutes.

Causes or risk factors of aortic aneurysm include smoking, hypertension, hypercholestrolemia, male gender, emphysema, genetic factors and obesity. Abdominal aortic aneurysm may present with the symptoms of severe, sudden, persistent in abdomen or back, clammy skin, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia and shock. On examination examiner may find abdominal mass, stiff or rigid abdomen and pulsating sensations in the abdomen.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm can be asymptomatic or symptomatic. In asymptomatic AAA, surgery is indicated if the diameter of aneurysm is more than 5.4cm as there is high risk of its rupture. If it is symptomatic(pain, pressure, thromboembolic accidents), surgery is mandatory as mortality is 80% without surgery in one year. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm can be managed by graft(Dacron) or endovascular stent grafting.

UHS-OSPE- MEDICINE-2010 Supplementary

2011-05-26T00:26:00.000-07:00

A) Static Stations:
1- Solucortef: 2 indications? 2 adverse effects?
2- Picture acanthosis nigricans: identify? and write down causes?
3- Picture endotracheal tube: identify? indications? complications?
4- Write down positive and negative signs of schizophrenia? What are 3 drugs of its management?
5- ECG given (St elevation in v2-v5): diagnose? 3 steps of management?
6- Ct scan brain given (intracerebral hemorrhage): causes? management?
7- X-ray pleural effusion & cardiac tamponade...causes?
8- Anti Tuberculous drugs n their side effects.
B) Interactive Stations:
1- Scenario given(diabetic ketoacidosis): investigation? management?
2- 25 year old male with B.P 160/100mmHg and headache: diagnosis? investigations? management? (this is a tender age for presentation of secondary hypertension so investigate and manage)
3- HCV counselling
4- Scenario given (Anxiety): diagnosis? management? (medical and psychotherapies)

DATE SHEETS-2011 UHS Lahore

2011-05-25T08:46:00.000-07:00

Click On The Picture To Enlarge It!

First Professional MBBS(Part-1)

First Professional MBBS(Part-2)

Second Professional MBBS

Third Professional MBBS

Final Professional MBBS

UHS-SUGERY-OSPE 2010-(Supplementary)

2011-05-25T06:17:00.000-07:00

Inertactiv Stations:

1- Inguinoscrotal Swelling(photo given)

(a) What is this swelling called?

(b) What are THREE differential diagnosis?

2- Two-way Folley's catheter(photo given)

(a) What is the specimen?

(b) What are the steps of insertion of this object?

Static Station:

3- Air under diaphragm ( X-ray given)

(a) What is the probable diagnosis?[Typhoid perforation]

(b) Name THREE definitive procedures which can be done on this patient during surgery?

4- I.V cannula ( photo given)

(a) Identify this item?

(b) Name TWO sites at which it is commonly used.

(d) Name ONE complication of its use.

5- Proctoscope (photo given)

(a) What is this instrument?

(b) For what procedure is it used?

(d) Write down ONE diagnostic indication for its use?

(e) What should be the position of the patient during the procedure?

6- Three way Folley's catheter (photo given)

(a) What is this instrument?

(b) Name ONE emergency situation where it can be used?

7- X-ray of intestinal obstruction

(a) Name TWO initial steps in the management.

(b) What abdominal sign will warrant an immediate laprotomy?

(d) If at laprotomy there is a hard fixed ileocecal mass, name the surgical procedure which should be done?

8- A 25 years old male is brought to the emergency depatment because of unresponsiveness, somnolence and respiratory depression. His pupils are constricted bilaterally. A narcotic overdose is suspected. Arterial blood gases(ABGs) on room air are: pH= 7.25, PCO2=60 mmHg, HCO3= 26 mmol/litre

(a) What is the acid base diagnosis?

(b) How would you manage this patient?

9- A youg footballer sustained an injury to his knee. An X-ray was done showing the knee joint( Transverse fracture of patella)

(a) What injury has the patient sustained?

(b) What should be the appropriate definitive treatment?

10- An 18 year old motocyclist struck his head against an electric pole. He drove to a hospital emergency. Later on he became unconscious. The X-ray has been shown above(X-ray was given)

(a) What is the probable diagnosis?

(b) What clinical scoring should be done?

(d) What definitive treatment should be done?

11- ?

Kaplan Lectures

2011-05-24T02:26:00.000-07:00

All the lectures are available on this site below!

www.feedurbrain.com

Smoking is Terrible!

2011-05-24T02:24:00.001-07:00

All most all diseases are linked to smoking in some way! Most of the cancers are the fruit of smoking! Smoking causes impotence and kills men with letdowns and embarrassment. So, go ahead and quit smoking right now otherwise you'll have to repent for this bullshit!

Types Of I.V Cannula/Catheter

2011-05-23T23:09:00.000-07:00

Can you tell the types of IV cannula with their gauges and numbers?

UHS OSPE Paediatrics Annual 2009

2011-05-23T09:47:00.001-07:00

Club foot

VWB disease
Pneumothorax
Foley`s
X-ray rickets
GCS and management of trauma
ABd paracentisis and comlications
EPI chart
...............................

Tuberculoma .. t/m

Ascitic tab procedure

Enteric fever d/d?

Diarrhea plan C

Rickets

Phototherapy machine 3 complications

Clubbing causes

Fe def anemia

pleural effusion

............................

Hemolytic anemia

Glycogen storage diseases

Meningiomyelocele

Chest tube

Splinter Hemorrhage

...Infantometer

Renal stone

Xray B/L consolidation with lyphadenopathy

Hepatomegaly

ARI

pic of face with sunken eyes

...................

1st day peads ospe : haemolytic anemia,its diagnosis? treatment? 1 complication? / glycogen storage disease, other signs & investigations? / meningomyelocoele,identify picture? complications?what 2 give the mother 2 prevent further children? / chest tube drainage & its complications? / vsd presenting with complications of infective endocarditis? pic, investigate to confirm? / infantometer, its use n how 2 use it / kidney stone xray, findings, symptoms of dis / T.b xray findings n investigatnz.

2nd day peads ospe:

1.Clubing,other site,causes.2.Richeti rosary (pic),tel abnormality nd diagnosis.3.Tuberculoma,ct scan findng,management.4.Shock scenario,investigation,management.5.Hair on end apearance,diagnosis,investigation.6.Photother...apy machine,purpose of it,complications.7.Abd paracentesis,identify,procedure.8.Typhoid scenario,diagnosis, D/D,indication of steroid in it.

3rd day peads ospe:

1- head injry pt.count gcs n mangmnt

2-foly catheter..Indic nd cmplic

3-von willibrnd disease. Diagns tst, patrn of inherit

4-tension pnemo findings nd emrgncy treatmnt

...5-rckts findings nd diagnsis

6-vacc accordin to epi at brth,10 weeks,14 weeks,6 mnth & 15 mnth

7-abd paracentesis pic.Diag & cmplic

8-talipes equinvarus..Diag nd treatmnt

4th day peadz ospe:

1.weight machine....idntify n growth parametrz of newborm,1yr n 2yr.

2.pulse oxymetr....idntify,wat measurez

3.down synd pic....idntify,featurz n cmplicationz

4.term baby wid meconium...senerio....neonatal sepsis,specific in...vst.n managment

5.vomiting wid ph 7.4 Hco3 38...senerio....pyloric stenosis,mangment

6.x.ray wid plural efusion n cnsolidation...pneumonia,causz

7.x.ray of kidney wid uti infectionz history...findingz(dilatd pelvis n stonez),causez

8.peripheral blood film pic...idntify cellz(sickle cellz),featurz of it

UHS OSPE OF MEDICINE Annual 2010

2011-05-23T09:43:00.001-07:00

LMDC(8feb)

1.Cheyne stroke breathing picture d/d

2. consolidation xray

3.Haliotrope Rash picture d/d?

4.Xanthoma picture d/d

5.squint picture cause

6.microcytic hypochromic picture d/d

7.erythema nodusum picture d/d

8.Herpes zoster picture treatment

9.Jvp raised picture d/d

10.Observed Laryngosocpe usage

11.IHD cousnel

12.Type 1 DM counseling

13.Alcoholic pt counseling

PMC 8th Feb :

1.Laryngoscope(parts....indications....method of insertion)

2.MI complications and t/m – interactive-

3.Anxiety councelling

4.DM councelling

5.Exopthalmos(give 2 clinical signs....disease....treatment)

6.Calculate HR on ECG, causes of tachycardia,(....4 etiologies....heart rate calculation)

7.Metabolic Alkalosis with ABG findings(Type 2 resp failure...tell the abnormality from ABGs)

8.MRI – SOL=>findings?

9.Malar flush(SLE)(diagnostic test of this disease....4 complications from 4 different systems)

10.Digoxin(clinical signs of toxicity....Antidote)

11.Matching(like epigastric pain (pancreatitis), shifted trachea (effusion)

12. Kyphoscoliosis(.etiology....complications)

13. X ray pneumothorax(4 causes....treatment options)

OSPE NMC 8th feb

1. Anti-HCV counseling?

2. CT-interaventricular hemorrage(modality? what do u see? causes? diagnosis?)

3. Sinus bradycardia(ECG was given... is the rhythm regular or irregular?(regular) causes? calculate HR?

4. DM(3 graphs of s...ugar were given... 150gm, 170gm, bove 200 gm) what it shows?

5. X-ray(hyper-inflated lungs, cadiomegaly) findings? causes of cardiomegaly? further investigations?

6. Bell's palsy(diagnosis? if rashes are on ear then what is it called?(Ramsay hunt synd.)

7. Shingles(herpes zoster) diagnosis? long standing symptom(pain)? most specific therapt?(acyclovir)? if it is widely spread then what is the cause?(immunization)

8. Left heart failure- diagnosis? management?

9. Heparin(2 indications? 2 contraindications? name the antidote?)

10. ETT(parts? indications? how to insert?)

11. Post-partum psychosis( diagnosis? discuss treatment?)

12. Clubbing(what is shown in picture? give 4 possible diagnosis? name 3 investigations?

13. Matching (left parasternal heave=right ventriculat hypertrophy, pusating liver=right heart failure, tenderness in RIF= appendicitis, bronchial breath sounds= consolidation, periorbital puffiness= nephrotic syndrome.)

OSPE SIMS 8th feb

1.hemaccel coposition(what type of solution? 3 indications? contraindications?

2. 22 gauge branula(uses? complications?

3. Marfan's(picute of hyper-extended thumb)=> d/d? common at what age?

4. CT Scan Brain showing Intrace...rebral Haemorrhage with Ventricular Extension (What is this modality? findings? diagnosis?

5.ECG showing inferior wall MI(Findings? Diagnosis? 3 steps of management?

6.strawberry tounge(Identify? D/D? Common in what age?(childhood))

7. pleural effusion(What investigation is this? finding? likely diagnosis?)

8. malarial parasite( diagnosis? should we treat urgently this condition? prognosis?

9.hep b counselling(a man who has hepB is about to get married after 2 months afraid that his wife will contract HepB from him)

10. Ptosis (unilateral) (Finding? why this drooping has occurred? Causes?)

11. Counselling Hyperlipidemia (Dietary)

12. ECG with examine

OSPE of FMC...08-02-11

1.Neurofibromatosis(identify picture? management? neurological signs?)

2. CSF picture of bacterial meningitis(diagnosis of CSF findngs? treatment? pick abnormal findings in the report?

3. Hep B counseling(counsel a preg woman regrding antenatal risk,breastfeding, preventive measures for her married life..<intractive station> )

4. Folley's catheter(dentify? name parts?...complications?..<inttractive station>

5.antipsychotic(psychiatry...scenerio..a 17 yr old boy came with sudden onset of rigidity n protruding tongue...

answr<ask relvant questns in history><sugst Rx><prog n counsel>????

6.lobar pneumonia-x-ray (2caustve organisms? 4 physical sign??

7.acanthosis nigricans(idntify? etiolgy?)

8.spider nevi

9.subarachnoid haemorrhage....idntify the picture?..mangement? abnormality in the picture?

10.dobutamin(indications?contraindications? substitute??

11.MI(ecg-- st elevation) =>2 blood tests? mangement?

12. Matching(match the follwing

spleen- myelofibrosis

murmur -thyrotoxicosis

etc)

13. tension pneumothorax(....a man develops suddn dysnea and high grde fever..is a chronic smoker; other chest findings are norml.<spntaneous pneumothorax> management?

HFH RMC 8th feb

1. scenario of hepatic encaph: dx? 3 steps of management?

2. ETT picture: identify? give 3 complications?

3. butterfly rash picture: dx SLE?, write 5 signs?

4. scenario of metabolic acidosis: give 2 d/d (dka,salicylate poisoning), give 1 test to differentiate between ur d/d (urine test)

5. X-ray of pneumothorax: tell 3 findings on xray? write dx?

6. pic of RHD(swollen knee joints): dx (rheumatic heart disease)? give 3 major criteria?

7. hydrocortisone: identify? 3 uses?

8. scenario of anxiety disorder: tell dx? 3 drugs for Rx?

9. picture of hypothyroidism: tell dx? 3 tests?

10. interactive: management of hemetemesis?

11. interactive: MI ECG: dx? management?

12. interactive: prevention of spread of active TB?

13. interactive: diabetes counselling?

AIMC OSPE(8-2-11)

1-laryngoscope(observed)

2-endotracheal tube

3-schizophrenia counselling

4-erythema mutform

5-hep B counseling(observed)

6-meningits D/D(observed)

7-inferior wall MI

8-DVT and drugs used to treat it

9-extra dural hemorrage

10-enlaged heart x-ray

11.Tophaceous gout

12. Phenytoin

13. metabolic acidosis

WMC:8th feb:

1.Pulmonary edeme

2. DM

3. vent. tachycardia

4.ct infarct

5. xray opacity

6. acute gout

7. bromchiectasis----treatment? d/d?

8. meningitis

9. ureamia physical signs

10.herpes zoster

11.PCO management

12. h.pylori management n tests.

SZMC ospe....

1.ECG of MI... findings? diagnosis? imediate managment?

2.exophthalmos, hand clubbing wd resp.snerio,diagnosis? d/d? investigations?

3. LP nedl,nam,uses,

4.metabolc acidosis scnerio wd biochem,diag.causes,invst.

5 snerio of scurvy n pic of bledng gum.caus n odr featurs.

6 ivu,findngs n causes.

7.hydrocortison.ind.side effects?

8,intrctive,counslng of DVT.

9.Depression question? cause? management? duration of treatment?

10. Dcmpnstd Liver with hmatemsis in emrgncy, management?

11. Counslng hep.b (immunization)

12. CT Brain... infrction.

OSPE fsd medical university

1-NG tube indications and side effects

2-lasix

3-psoriasis picture and treatment

4-depression treatment

...5-x-ray copd findings

6-CT cereberal infarct and its cause which is atrial fibrillation in this scenario

7-infective endocarditis,pic of nail and eye

8-rheumatoid pic give 2 findings

9-bronchogenic carcinoma,causing laryngeal nerve palsy

10-CLD,hematemasis,HCV +ve give treatment

11-ETT

12-laryngoscope

13-diabetes complications and name hypoglycemc agents

qamc oscpe(8th feb)

larngoscpoe uses? complication ov use?

fever graph swinging fever condition? causes ov relative bradycardia?

hypertensive retinopathy investigation? instrument? finding?

zolmitrptan category? uses? complication?

typhoid fever scenario will hav it if visit that area again? preventive measures? vaccination available or nt? schedule ov vaccination?

pulse graph pulse bisferians causes?

metabolic acidosis findings? causes?

xray abdomen gall stone carrier state? operation? if chemotheraphy effective? name investigation?

xray chest bullae findings? disease?

picture plus scenario wegener granulomatosis wat lesion? diagnosis? wat drug modify it?

ecg ventricular tachycardia finding? diagnosis?

interactive tb councelling hw to protect family?

interactive depression diagnosis? treatment? duration of treatment?

WMC 9th feb OSPE

Autosomal recessive (identify, diseases), paraoxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria(dx,features),multiple myeloma(lesion,dx,investigations),atenolol(group,indications,contra),ecg(MI,rx,complications),graves (identify,rx), liver biopsy(needle identify,complications),mediastinal shift(dx,findings),ehler...s danlos syndrome (findings,dx,features),interactive: lp needle, hbsAg positive male,NG tube insertion.Hep A - transmission, precautions, carrier state?

sims 03/02/2011

1. Lp needle (indication, contra. Ind.)

2. Heparin (indicatn. , toxic eff.)

3. Erythema nodosum (finding, causes)

4. Wernicke's (clinical feat. 3, trea‎5. Scenario of AR (diag. 3 other physcl fndngs)

6. Scenario of lower lobe pneumonia(physical findings, empirical treatment)

7. Picture of inflammed, red, swollen joint (findings, 3 causes)

8. Scenario of addison's wth pic. Of hypopigmentation

(diag.,2 tests)

9. Interactive (diag. &trtmnt. Of pulmonary edema)

10. Interactive (folley's , parts, technique)

11. Interactive (pulm. Edema, diag. N trtmnt.)

12. Interactive (trtmnt. Of ulcerative colitis )

13. Scenario of dilutional hyponatremia , ccf(type of hyponatremia, other causes of ths type )

we had 2 interactive statns. Of pulm. Edema (diff. Scenario)

Fmh 09

Chest xray with opacity and history of painless hematuria(52 year old man, weighloss, fever, and painless hematuria. With the opacity shown. Left lung. It wasn't a proper so called coin lesion. Fluffly thi thori. I did TB. Though I thought of Ca also..but I moved to tb. I also had ...Goodpastuer Syndrome in mind!),

ct brain with hypodense region

vitiligo and associated diseases

gentamicin drug

ecg with scenario man presented with black out ecg showing v.tchycrdia

oxygen mask

management of mi

anxiety/panic counselling

tongue candidiasis

acute git bleed management

anemic mother pregnant cause, investigation and counselling.

Matching

Ulcerative colitis...pyoderma gangreonosum

Simian crease...trisomy 21

OSPE wah medical college 9-2-2011

Interactive stations

1.Hep B coucelling abt diet,Rx n tests fr diagnosis.

2.NG tube.. n C/I(c/I in corrosive acid/alkali poisoning fr lavage)

...3.LP needle method lumbar puncture method n C/I

4. Hep A councelling fr precautions n carrier state.

STATIC

1. Inheritance flow sheet.. Mode of inheritance: autosomal recessive

gve examples.

2. A pic of urine samples in test tube wd diff. colours diag.. paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria

other features?

3.graves pic.. Dx n Rx

4. Right sided colapse on x-ray diag? Features?

5. Liver biopsy needle indication n hazards

6.multiple myeloma x-ray name lesions dx n invest?

7.MI , Complications

8.marfan synd pic associated features?

AIMC OSPE 9.02.11

Scabies

Depression

A/E of digoxin

Folleys

...MI

Parkinsonism

XRAY Consolidation+Bronchogram

Intracerebral hematoma

Nephrotic syndrome(Interactive)

Pericardial effusion cardiac temponade

Hypoglycemia

Viral hep

Obesity counseling

qmc 9.2.11

exoph

constrictive pericarditis ecg

tb counsling

laryngoscope

...hydrocephalous

pulmonary hypertension x ray

metabolic acidosis

dka

h.zoster rash pic from davidson

lmdc

1.ptosis pic,2 causes,why drooping eyelid,

2.ecg Mi,clinical symtoms,3 steps for emergncy treatment

3.ett,indications

4.malaria pic of bld smear,symts,drugs

5.eryethema nodosom pic,causes,is it painful or no?

6.multiple sclerosis ct,invstigatins

7.obstrutv jaundice,causes,1invstigation

8.sle butrflyrash pic,diagnostic tests,2 systemic manisfestins

9.ulnar deviation xray,rheumtd arthritis,diagnostic criteria

4 interactive-DM lifestyle modification,DM diet counselling,dka managment,hep b counselling for other home members,will hep b transmit to baby?cn she breast feed?wat to do for baby if mother is hep b postive?

Nmc ospe..

1 leg ulcer pic..dia wagnr grnulomatosis treament

2..ptosis pic,causes

3..multple sclrosis scenrio wid mri.. Invstgn

4 match box

...5 livr biopsy nedle,complctns

6 hepts b pregncy couseling

7 foley cather,indctn

8 ett,larygoscope

9 dopler,echocardio

indictnz

10 cardiac asthma,mangment

11 x ray emphsma complctn

12 fundoscopy,htn retinopathy.

RMC OSPE

ADRENALINE identify and 3 uses

LP needle identify 3 uses

scenario diag... schicoph 3 drugs

rash pic... herpes zoster... 3 drugs used

...d/d of ant chst pain nt relivd by nitrats... and 2 investig

xray... b/l hilar lymphadenopathy or mediastinal widen... not sure... d/d

exophthalmos... signs and diag

scenrio....diag bact meningitis and d/d

rash daig...sle 2 diag tests

ccf or left ventr faliure 3 drugs

OBS

TB counselling

hepatocellular ca counselling

acute sever astma managment

UMDC

1.hypothyroidism...clinical signs...relevant questions to ask...

2.tension pneumothorax...signs nd treatment...

3.respiratory acidosis wid compensatory alkalosis...causes

4.multiple sclerosis...investigation nd eye defect...

5.acute severe ast...hma...management

6.depressio counselling...

7.respiratory acidosis...

8.hepatits C investigatn nd treatment...

9.foleyz catheter...indicatn nd side effects..

10.pneumothorax...treatment..

11.subdural haematoma...treatment..

12.insulin...indications nd side effects...

13.pulmonary edema...treatment..

OSPE 10TH FEB

10-2011 NMC Ospe

1.Porphyria(color bottles ..with urine samples and hx of thrombosis)

2.hep B counciling

3.counciling regarding Rheumatic heart disease.

4.councling schizophrenia

5.glargine

6.terphine biopsy needle.biopsy aspirate needle

7.murmurs (diagramatic representation..Murmur graphs .. MS, MR , AS, AR PDA)

8.fundoscopy...dx..D.retionopathy

9.chart of intermittent fever(pattern? causes?)

10.CXR..hydropneumothorax(findings? dx? rx)

11.MRI brain(hydrocephalus)

12.autosomal recessive diseases(pattern of transmition? examples?)

13.ambubag and op airway.(interactive)

RMC (Bbh) OSPE

1 . Counselling regarding hep b risk after a needle prick from hep b positive individual. 2. Counselling a patient regarding hypertension. INTERACTIVE STATIONS 3.identify the x ray pneumothorax and treatment.4. Scenario of DKA and treatment .5. Identify the lesion in nails of a patients having RA (splin...ter haemrrohages) what complication has occured and name drug for its prevention. 6. Picture of acromegaly explain loss of visual actuy in this case and name visual field defect(bitemporal hemianopia)7. Picture of ring worm lesion and its treatment 8. Depression scenario and its treatment 9. Menigitis scenario and its D/D and investigation 10. Drugs Calcium gluconate and its uses 11.laryngoscope

AIMC

Acne picture from internet, treatment

Collapse right sided XRay, causes

Horner syndrom, causes, what signs evident

Match columns

...Amiodarone drug, indication, complication

Heberdon node, underlying pathology, What found on its x ray

Anterior wall MI EKG

CT Abdomen, hypodense areas, differentials.

Metabolic acidosis, Partial pressure with ph and HCO3 given, diagnosis, treatment

interactive stations:

1 NG Tube, proceudre demo, indications, contraindications, complications

2 Inferior wall MI, drugs, complications, management lifestyle

3 Pos Myocardial case, your suggestions

4 . Depression lady with management, your advi...

‎10-02-11 LMDC ospe

UNOBSERVED SPOTS:

1)- Iron deficiency anemia (identification, sign/ symptoms, confirmatory test)

...2)- Fundoscopic picture of diabetic retinopathy (treatment, name of hemorrhages)

3)- Metabolic acidosis (causes, investigations)

4)- SLE (systemic manifestations, investigations)

5)- Scleroderma (types

6)- Pulses paradoxis (seen in which diseases)

7)- Abraham's pleural biopsy needle (uses, drawbacks)

8)- Hypothyroidism (treatment, investigations, features)

9)- Estelopram (contraindications, side effects, group)

OBSERVED SPOTS:

10, 11)- Counceing of a diabetic patient 2 spots

12)- Ambu bag and oro pharyngial air way (indications, demenstrate the use)

13)- Counceling differential diagnosis and treatment of an anxious patient

PMC(10-2-11)

*dermatitis herpetiformis......pic given......associated dis...and treatment.

*right bundle branch block......RSR(M) pattern on ECG.....causes.

*pitting of nails......diagnosis......other nail problems in same dis.

*CT abdomen......Cart wheel... app in the liver......diag(hydatid cyst)...treatment.

*CXR....straightning of left border of heart...MS.....other findings on auscultation.

*matching column....it was easy(no need to panic)

*frusemide....side effects.

*concelling.....1. senile dementia.

2.LP procedure

3.person taking steroid....councell reagrdin side effects....and how to stop drug.

4.pneumothorax...treatment.

10th feb(college?)

calcium gluconate idetify and uses

lyrngoscope uses

scenario of depression drugs used in it

councelling of a doctor who got pricked by a needle contaminated by hep b

photo of acromegaly, y she is getting eye prob, wat eye prob

xray of pleural effusion, diagnostic test

x ray of pneumothorax management

scenario of DKA management

councelling of a patient to quit smoking

tinea corporis, drugs used

UHS OSPE Gynecology and Obstetric 2010 Annual

2011-05-23T09:38:00.001-07:00

UHS OSPE Gynecology and Obstetric 2010 Annual

Gynae & Obs

Twin pregnancy

APH maternal and fetal complications feature on abd examination

Fetal skull diameters

Ventoz delivery indication prerequisite

CTG fetal distress decelerations

...B/L ovarian CA risk factors 3 , Screening , T/M

2 cytotoxic drugs

Incomplete abortion t/m and complications of procedure done

.........................................

Auscultation fetal heart

Counsel HIV pregnant , how `ll u treat the baby if transfered ,, can she breastfeed the baby

Wrigley`s forceps, procedure

Fibroids , prevalence , presenting symptoms

Cervical cerclage , mcdonald stitch

...Symptoms of cervical incompetence , how to diagnose it

...............................................

Imperforate hymen - how to diagnose ?

Hysterocope - indications , complications

Molar pregnancy - t/m , risk , diagnosis , followup

PCO , Usg findings T/m of menstrual irregularity

Normal menstrual cycle - pitutary hormones in secretory phase

...........................................

USG of Ancephaly type of congenital malformation, recur rate, how risk is reduced

CTG components with normal values

maternal DM 4 complications, 3 neonatal complications

PROM, 2 complications 3 investigations 2 drugs used

Observed stations: is ...vaginal delivery of extended breech is possible? 3 factors to take care of before delivery, 3 complictions/.

......................................................

Observed st: Turnur syndrome, treatmen invest; cuscos speculum, uses, wat to do if suspicious areas seen, treatment of cerviacl CA at stage 3a.

placental abruption with concealed hematoma, signs and symptoms,3 factors to consider before embarking on treatment

..........................................

UHS-OSPE-Surgery2009

2011-05-23T09:37:00.001-07:00

SURGERY

Surgry;

1.ETT parts 3indication sterilize(gamma rays)

2.Plain Xray abdomen erect posture wid multiple air fluid level showing small intestinal obstruction it 2causes

3.Plastic tracheostomy tube wid cuff its parts 2indicationz 3points of after ...care 3 complicationz

Surgery;

Interactive

Thyroid ca t/m in high risk pt complication t/m 4 bony mets

Suction bottle drain its uses its insertion 2cmplications it prevent

Dever retractor parts uses and sterilization

X-ray of fracture of radius ulna t/m

X-ray pelvis PRI SEC blader stone

t/m

Cholelithiasis 4complicaton t/m

Surgery;

MNG invst t/m cmpliction of surgery

Mammary fistula presentation of periductal mastitis t/m and its association(smoking)

Proctoscope its parts uses contraindcation and how sterilized(autoclav)

Ct of depres skul frcture clinical feature... t/m

3way foley's parts 3indication 2complication.

Surgery;

ETT 2uses anesthesia used cmplicationz

T-tube where&when used on which it iz remove&removal of distal cbd stone

Interactive station of grave disease

Interactive gas undr diaphragm 3cause 3finding

...Trucut biopsy nedle parts 2indication 3pre-requisities for liver biopsy 2cmplicationz

Surgry;

Foley right inguinoscrotal swelling gas under diaphragm(on 2stationz) ct of parietal bone proctoscope iv canula foley on interactive station and cmplication of patelar fracture

Surgery;

Oxalate stone cmplcation t/m hormone respnsble 4 r...ecur

Bulldog clamps indication

NG tube 2diagnostc 3therapeutic indication&resp cmplction

Pic of breast ca wid nipple retraction peau de orange appearance due2 blckage of s/c lymphatic chanel by tumor and stage 4

Surgery;

Intrctiv station

Mark deep inguinal ring incision 4 hrnial rpair wht is herniotomy&tnsion free repair

Incised wound type of healing 4fctor increase&decrease healing

Burn rule of 9 initial t/m 2late cmplication

...Ct brain extradural hematoma vessel injured(middle meningeal artery) lucid interval t/m

Last yr Ospe,Surgry(2009);

1thyroid substernal

,2 cholangitis,

3.percutaneous colageogarm,

4.ng tub,

...5.submandibular sweling,

6.fract tibia,

7.paraumblicl hernia,

‎8.cervicl spin xry.injury ,

9.ivu,

10.pneumthorax

11.Pelvic fracture crushing forcep

12.vicryl suture

...13.MNG breast ca

14.acute pancreatitis ERCP.

UHS-OSPE => GYNAE/OBS [2009]

2011-05-23T09:36:00.000-07:00

OSPE => GYNAE/OBS [2009]

1. Observed station: TURNER SYNDROME=> investigation? treatment?

2. Observed station: CUSCO SPECULUM=> uses? if suspicious area seen what is to do?(do colposcopy,biopsy), Rx of cervix ca at stage 3a?(radiology).

3. PLACENTAL ABRUPTION WITH CONCEAL HEMATOMA=> 5 presenting symptoms? 3 factors before making decision about Rx(maternal condition,fetal status, pelvic findings and bishop score).

4. Invasive cervical CA=> it's staging? treatment of 1b(radio/surgery)? standard surgical procedure(wertheim)? which group of lymph node removed(pelvic)?

5. Observed trocar&canula for laparoscopy=> explain procedure

6. Observed IUCD=> mechanism name any hormone releasing?

7. IUCG(LEVONORGESTRL)=> 2advantage of cupper devices?

8.Take history 15years old girl, not menstruating. relevant questions asked? 4 features u will look for? 2 tests? diagnosis? treatment?

9. ECLAMPSIA =>objective during treatment? mode of dlivery?

10. SHOULDR PRESNTATION=> 4 maternal & 4 fetal complications? how to deliver?

11. CERVICAL INCOMPITANCE=> relevant questions in obs history should be asked? what will u do for future pregnancy?

12. CERVICAL CERCLAGE=>indications? describe procedure? 2 complications?

13. UV prolaps with Cystocoel=> causes? treatment? 4 delayed complications?

14. D/D of primary infertility=> 4 possible mechanism to explain infertility due to endometriosis? role of laparoscopy?

15. Trichomonas how to prepare its slide? is it STD? its salient features? treatment?

16. Forcep delivery of head of breech,CTG with two decelerations,

17. Counseling of the followings => women smoker, c-section, PPH, Asherman syndrome, Cuscow, laproscopy, PCOs, suction catheter, abdominal hystrectomy, IUCD, Placenta picture, different mal-position pictures!

18. USG OF ANENCEPHALY=> type of congenital malformation? recur rate? how risk is reduced?

19. CTG=>components with normal values.

20. Maternal DM=> 4 complications? maternal & fetal 3 neonatal complications?

21. PROM=> 2 complications? 3 investigations? 2 drugs used?

22. OBSERVED STATION: EXTENDED BREECH=> is vaginal delivery possible?(yes), 3 factors before delivery, 3 complications?

23. Twin pregnancy=> ante-partem maternal & fetal complications? features of abdominal examination?

24. FETAL SKULL=> give length of different diameters?

25. VENTOUSE DLIVERY=> indications? prerequisites?

26. CTG of fetal hypoxia?

27. PERFORM ABDOMINL EXAM

28. BILATERAL OVARIAN CA=> 3 risk factors? screening? treatment? 2 cytotoxic drugs?

29. INCOMPLETE ABORTION=> treatment? complications of procedure done on this case?

30. Auscultate fetal heart rate?

31. Counsel HIV pregnant woman=> transmission? treatment? delivery? can she breastfeed(no)? will it transfer to baby? if it transferred how will u treat it?

32. Wrigley's forceps=> its procedure?

33. Fibroids=> prevalance? treatment? presenting symptoms?

34. Cervical Cerclage=> route? Mcdonald stitch? symptoms of cervical imcompetance? how to diagnose it?

35. Imperforate hymen=> how to make diagnosis? other presenting complaints? treatment?

36. Hysteroscope=> how to use it? 4 indications? 2 complications?

37. Molar prgnancy=> risk factors? how to diagnose? treatment? follow up?

38. PCOS USG=> features? investigations? treatment of menstrual irregularity?

39. Normal menstrual cycle=>define it? name phases? pituitary hormones in secretory phase?

40. Ventouse=> 2 types of cup? contraindications? fetal complications?

41. Interactive: take history of presenting complaints? index pregnancy? past obs history?

42. Prenatal diagnosis with cordocentesis 20wk, amniocntsis15wk,CVS 10WK for cytogenic biochemical enzymatic DNA analysis[ I couldn't understand this question :P]

43. Advice to lady who had c-section 7days back now stitches removed.

44. Pre-eclampsia=> 3 symptoms? 2 fetal complications? recur rate?

45. Fe deficiency anemia peripheral film=> causes? route Fe administration?

46. External cephalic version=> at what gestational age? advantage? 3 contraindications? 4 risks of this?

47. Synto inj=> what is active management of 3rd stage? its other uses? signs of placental separation?

UHS-OSPE of Surgery (Annual 2010)

2011-05-23T09:35:00.000-07:00

NMC ospe 1.3.11

1. Ett

2. Tracheostmy tube

3. Suprapubic cystostomy

4. Diabetic ulcer

5. Extradural hematoma

6. Clavical fracture

7. Interctive: inguinal hernia

8. Intrctiv abd incisions

9. Aud

10. X-ray abdomen showing ureteric stent

11. Plain forceps

SIMS OSPE 1/3/11

Folley's catheter, tru-cut needle, redivac suction drain, laryngeal mask, x-ray fracture radius ulna, thyroid cancers name, xray abdomen,erect, multiple air fluid levels,deaver's retractor

LMDC.

1.deavers retractor and morris retractor

2.picture of t.tube

3.cholangiogram of t tube

4.chest drain with under water seal

5.breast specimen findings

6.staghorn stone xray

7.safety triangle n chest tube

8.gastric outlet obstruction , x-ray

9.disposable syringe

10.shock(interactive)

11.intestinal obstruction x-ray(interactive)

UMDC 1/3/11

1) x.ray pyloric stenosis............... metabolic derrangements..... plus next investigation

2) x. ray chest........ puemothorax plus rib fracture...... type ov breathing. plus treatment

3) peri-umblical hernia........ abdomen diagram.... posit...ive finding???? striae due 2 multiparity nd obesity? treatment

4) ETT with telescope.......indication........ complications?

5) x. ray ( retrosternal goiter)

x. ray finding......... diagnosis? frther investigation

‎6) scenario....... strangulated volvulus......... plus treatmnt......

7) x.ray ......... vertebral fracture, x ray findng? treatment? findngz in x ray

8) femur fracture........... treatment.

9) ivu.......... finding........... diagnosis( renal carcinoma)....... further investigations?

OBSERVED............ proctoscope....... indications... parts.... contraindications........ how to sterilize it and y

OBSERVED........scenario............. appendicular mass...... d/d.? complications? treatmn

Qmc Ospe 02-03-11

1.Babcock: identify, indications, how sterilized?

2.foley's 2 way catheter: identify, indications, complications?, how sterilized?

3.Oropharyngeal airway? Identify, when is it use?(in an unconscious pt), how sterilized, other methods of maintaining airway?

4.Interactive: CT abdomen showing cyst in liver, most likely diag(hydatid cyst), other serological investigations, organism causing it?

5.(Interac) Colostomy bag: identify, indications? complications

6.CT scan skull showing extradural hematoma: name investigations, clinical features, management

7.Barium Swallow: name investigations, positive findings, wen this investigations indicated? what are complications of diverticulae coli?

8. X-ray showing fracture of mid-shaft of femur: what investigations? positive findings? clinical features? wat are the principles of fracture management?

9.X-ray chest: name investigations? positive findings?management?

RMC SURGERY OSPE 1.3.11:

1. vericose veins pic:dx,complications,clinical tests,treatment

2.bladder stones xray:dx,investigations,cause in 70yr man[bph],operative rx

3.direct laryngoscope pic:identify,in which procedure its used,at wot stage its used,wot precautions u will take 4 reuse

4.gall stone specimen pic:dx,short term complications,...types of operations for it,1serious complication

5.xray patella fracture:dx,immediate rx, specific rx.

6.peau-d orange pic:dx,how wud u do clinical confirmation,which imaging is helpful,management

7.extradural hematoma ct scan:name investigation and finding,immediate management,specific steps of rx

8.interactive venous ulcer examination and management

9.interactive pic of thyroidectomy scar:name the incision,which op is done,what r pre-operative preparation steps,name structures u will take care of during surgery,postop complicatns,post op drugs,immediate postoperative complication,cause of resp distress postop

10. ganglion pic on dorsum of hand:dx, 2imp clinical tests,treatment,complication of procedure

11. umblical hernia,imaging investigation,management

PMC 1/3/11

1.X.ray Retrostrnal thyroid. Diagnosis?, cmplication, physical sign, treatment.

2.. Obstrctive jaundice LFTs values, investigation, non operative management..

3.. PTC..name inves, findings, diag, other investgatn.

4.. NG tube.. Name uses diag and therapeutc. Cmplicatns

5.. Cervical spine injury. X.ray. Diag? Cmplication, treatment.

6.. Urethrogram. Diag of urethral stricture, late cmplication, treatment..

7.. Oropharyngeal airway, name, indication, when to rmov.

8.. Frctr tibia fibula.. Early cmplcatn, managment ov opn wound.

9.. Swelling neck d/d.. Parotid tumor surgery cmplcation, investgation.

AIMC ospe 1.3.11

1.Lipoma photo, Dx, how to confirm dx, Rx

2.Meckle's diverculum photo, Dx, Rx, complications

3.T tube cholangiogram photo, name, findings, why done, Rx options

4.Tension pneumothorax x-ray, Rx

...5.ETT photo, define definitive airway

6.Colle's fracture x-ray, which deformity, management

7.IVU photo with dilated renal pelvis n calyxes, radiological findings, x-ray timings, long term complications

Observed:

1.Intestinal clamp, uses, types, sterilization.

2.CT abdomen, dx. Hydatid cyst/disease of liver, medical Rx,which next organ is involved, causative organism, human which host.

WMC, Surgery Ospe, 2nd March:

1. Tracheostomy tube set: identify, indications for tracheostomy, care of tracheostomy?

2. Burns: identify, rule of nine, management, late complications?

3. Incised wound: identify, types of healing, factors responsible for healing, complications?

4. Gridiron incision: identify, procedure, complications of di...sease?

5. Proctoscope: identify, parts, indications, sterilize?

6. X-ray, Condylar Fracture humerus: identify, complications?

7. X-ray IVU: identify, dilated calyces, causes, management?

8. CT scan skull/brain: identify, depressed fracture skull, patient complaints, management?

9. ETT: identify, parts, indications, sterilize?

Interactive:

1. Picture: removed appendix: identify,types of incisions, complications?

2. Barrium swallow: stricture oesophagus?

AIMC 2 march

-patellar fracture n mech. of injury,direct hernia,airway secure-methods,solitary nodule,ivu-ca bladder,prolapsed heamorroids,intermittent claudication,courviser's law n obstructive jaundice,

obs:2nd thyrotoxicosis and xray diaphragm rupture, subdural haematoma-ct scan

LMDC 2nd march

t.tube cholangiogram,findings

t.tube.indications.what investigation before removing it

proctoscope,parts 2 diagnostic 2 thrapeutic indications

what is graft? what is a flap? 3 grafts name 3 flaps name

...multiple air fluid level,cause,further investigations

pelvis fracture,findings on an x-ray and complications

shoulder dislocation xray.type t/m complications

tracheostomy tube uses

AMPLE stands for?? (allergy,medications,previous medical history,last meal taken and events of trauma..it is done in trauma or something

interactive?

breast Ca counseling

below knee amputation krniii..counsel the patient

short cases

lipoma,MNG,paraumblical hernia and submandibular swelling

ospe SZMC..2march..

1.kuncher i.m nail, external fixator,wigly saw wire(uses),method of sterilization.

2.oxalate stone

3.multi-nodoular goiter

4.breast lump diagram(interactive)

...5.rodent ulcer photo (interactive)

6.L.P needle

7.goiter

8.gall bladder diag

9.proctoscope

10.n.g tube

PAEDS UHS-OSPE WITH KEY

2011-05-23T09:33:00.002-07:00

PAEDS OSPE WITH KEY

(21-02-2011 T0 24-02-2011)

BY: MUZAMMIL IRSHAD

NMC-21-02-2011

1. Ambu bag(pic)=>uses[respiratory insufiency, resp. arrest, mechanical ventilation],Complications:Hyper inflation of lungs, Bullae formation, Infections.

2.Hypopituitrism(pic of a dwarf child)=> cause of growth faiure[lack of hormones],anthropometric measures[length, height, weight, and head circumference acc. to age]

3.GBS(scenario with symmetrical loss of power and deep tendon reflexes in lower limbs)=> diagnosis? cause of mortality[respiratory muscles' involvement and respiratory failure]

4.Acute bacterial meningitis(CSF findings given)=>diagnosis? comlications?[cerebral edema and raised ICP, subdural effusion,inappropriate ADH secretion, seizures, stroke, shock, ataxia, blindness, anemia]

5. Marasmic child=> diagnosis? causes[dietary deficiency, infections, suboptimal weaning, over-diluted milk]

6. RDS(x-ray with scenario of 24 hour old child presented with severe respiratory distress)=>diagnosis? d/d[pnemonia, meconium aspiration, milk aspiration, diapgragmatic hernia, transient tachycardia in noeborn]

7. Nephrotic syndrome(pic of child wd generalized edema)=> diagnosis? four characteristic featues of child[protein urea, hypoproteinemia, edema, hyperlipidemia]

8. Kwashiorkor(pic)=> what is the nutirient deficiency?[protein], name one skin lesion[Flaky Paint dermatitis, ulcers]

NMC-OSPE- 22-02-11

1. Chicken-pox(photo given) => diagnosis? comlications?[infections, pupura fulminans, encephalitis, Reye's syndrome, pneumonia, myocarditis]

2. TOF(diagram)=> diagnosis? 4 features of TOF in diagram-label them?[pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta, VSD]

3. Lobar Pneumonia(X-ray given)=> diagnosis? findings in x-ray??[gross consolidation]

4. Iron Deficiency Anemia(laboratory investigations given)=> diagnosis? 3 types of diet you would like to recommend?[Apple, green leafy vegetables, meat, eggs, carrots]

5. Thalassemia major(laboratory investigations given)=> diagnosis? 3 modes of management?[blood transfusion, bone-marrow transfusion, chelation therapy,folic acid, calcium, splenectomy ]

6. Umblical hernia=> diagnosis? complications?[Ischemia, obstruction, strangulation, haemorrhage, infections, necrosis, gangrene, autoimmune problems]

7. Club-foot(photo)=> diagnosis? inheritence?[multifactorial]

8. Clubbing(photo)=> identify? causes?[given below]

NMC- OSPE 23-02-11

1. Club foot=> diagnosis? complications?[arthritis, psychosocial problems, footware problems], causes?[genetic, malpresentation, edward's synd., compartment synd., amniotic band synd.]

2. GBS=> diagnosis? Complication that causes death?[Respiratory failure]

3. Measles => diagnosis? complications?[given below]

4. Omphalocele=> diagnosis? complications?[infection, rupture and intestinal obstruction]

5. Congenital hypothyroidism=> two complications[mental retardation, growth retardation, heart defects]? treatment?[thyroxine with regular monitoring]

6. Ambu bag with face mask=> uses?[given above] complications?[given above]

7. Patent ductus arteriosis=> diagnosis? 1 auscultatory finding?[continuous murmur, P2 loud]

8. Angular stomatis=> diagnosis? which microneutruent is deficient?[deficiency in vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), B3 (Niacin), B6 (Pyridoxine), B9 (folic acid) or B12, Iron]

NMC-24-02-11

1. Clubbing(pic)=> identify? causes?[Lung cancer, TB, Interstitial lung disease, lung abscess, empyema, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, Congenital cyanotic heart disease, Subacute bacterial endocarditis, Malabsorption, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, Cirrhosis]

2. Acute hepatitis(scenario)=> investigations?[LFTs, Viral serologic testing, PT measurement]

3. VSD with PDA(pic)=> identify? 4 complications?[CCF, Infective endocarditis, Pulmonary hypertension(Eisenmenger's syndrome)]

4. Measles(photo)=> identify? complications?[otitis media, pneumonia, encephalitis, hemorrhagic measles, thrombocytopenia, myocarditis, corneal ulceration, conjunctivitis]

5. Diaphragmatic hernia(X-ray)=> describe x-ray?[gut loops in the chest, medistinum shift], investigations?[CBC, chest x-ray, ct, MRI, echo]

6. Microcytic anemia=> 2 d/d?[Iron deficiency anemia, Beta-thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, lead poinsoning] investigations?[Hb level, CBC morphology, MCV, MCH MCHC, serum iron level, transferrin level, bone-marrow exam, electrophoresis and x-rays for thalassemia]

7. Deudenal atresia(xray)=> findings?[An X-ray of the abdomen shows two large air filled spaces, the so-called "double bubble" sign..treatment: A tube is placed to decompress the stomach. Dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities are corrected by providing fluids through an intravenous tube. An evaluation for other congenital anomalies should be performed. Surgery to correct the duodenal blockage is necessary, but is not an emergency.]

8. Matching:

[thalassemia major with increased fetal Hb

alfa thalassemia with hydrops fetalis

sickle cell anemia with hyposplenism

g6pd with oxidative drugs

heredity spherocytosis with gall stones]

NMC- 25-02-11

1. Patient with H/O fits ten minutes back, he's given oxygen and diazepam rectally=> Choose 2 most important bed side tests...(i)blood sugar (ii)temperature (iii)SOMI (iv)ABGs (v)pulse-oxymetry=> [Ans= SOMI, temperature]

2. Nephritic syndrome=> ( Choose 3 best investigations out of six.... (i)24h hr urine collection (ii)urea & creatinine (iii)throat swab (iv)ASO titre (v)renal biopsy (vi)USG of kidney[Ans=(i)urea & creatinine (i)throat swab (iii)ASO titre]

3. Miliary TB=> diagnosis? x-ray findings?[Numerous small cavities seen... (small millets), hilar lymphadenopathy]

4. What are the effects of haemophilia and Vwf on bleeding time, APTT and PT?=> [In haemophila BT and PT are normal but APPT is increased... In Vwf BT and APPT are increased but PT is normal]

5. Diaphragmatic hernia(X-ray)=> describe x-ray?[gut loops in the chest, medistinum shift], investigations?[CBC, chest x-ray, ct, MRI, echo]

6. Down syndrome(face shown)=> 5 clinical features[ short stature, low set ears, slanting eyes, simian crease, flat facies, depressed nasal bridge]

7. Duedenal atresia(xray)=> findings?[An X-ray of the abdomen shows two large air filled spaces, the so-called "double bubble" sign..treatment: A tube is placed to decompress the stomach. Dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities are corrected by providing fluids through an intravenous tube. An evaluation for other congenital anomalies should be performed. Surgery to correct the duodenal blockage is necessary, but is not an emergency.]

8. Matching:

[thalassemia major with increased fetal Hb

alfa thalassemia with hydrops fetalis

sickle cell anemia with hyposplenism

g6pd with oxidative drugs

heredity spherocytosis with gall stones]

NMC-26-02-11

1.Malar rash(pic of face with rsh)=> What is the rash called? write two conditions in which this rash coulf occur[SLE, drug reaction, antiphospholipid synd]? What investigations you will go for?[CBC, renal parameters, antibodies, ESR, x-rays]

2. Chronic reanl failure(scenario... urine protein ++, BUN-120, pus cells 12-15, blood+, hypochromic microcytic cells, for 2 yrs, failure to thrive, )=> diagnosis? write down 1st five investigation you will like to order?[CBC, USG, urine protein, urine blood, serum urea, serum creatinine, isotopic GFR, ]

3. Thallasemic face(scenario- repeated blood transfusion... hepatosplenomegaly)=> two d/d?[thallassemia, Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency] investigations?[CBC, Hb electrophoresis, RBC morphology, serum Iron, x-ray]

4. Purpuric rash(pic)=> what is the rash called? investigations?[CBC, PT, BT, APPT, ESR, CT]

5. NG tube=> identify? indications?[unconscious, feeding, aspiration, gastric lavage]

6. Noonan syndrome....(webbed neck...a girl with short stature) => what is the finding shown? what other findings tou will look for in this patient?[heart defects, bleeding problems, and skeletal malformations. Eye abnormalities.. Triangular-shaped face, Hypertelorism, Down-slanting eyes, Ptosis, Strabismus (48%), Amblyopia (33%), Refractive errors (61%), Low-set ears with thickened helices, High nasal bridge, Short webbed neck]

7. Karyotyping(chromosomal pictures)=> what is this called? what sample is order for this?[blood cells, fetal skin cells (from amniotic fluid or the placenta) and occasionally bone marrow cells.]

8. RDS( a baby of 12 days developed respiratory distress and grunting)=> causes?[Surfactant deficiency, Mecnium aspiration, milk aspiration] treatment?[ABC, oxygen, steroids, nebulize salbutamol, good nursing care]

Paeds:

1. Two years old child presented with fever, cough and fits for 2 days=> diagnosis?[febrile fits], what will you ask in past history?[past history of fits with high grade fever.unconsciousness if any], what will advise the mother?[tell mother to take sp care when fever occurs.give antipyretic,do sponging and give tab diazepam with the dose of 0.2 - 0.4 mg/kg to avoid fits.and then bring the child to dr]

2. TOF(diagram)=> diagnosis? Complications?[CVA,brain abcess,FTT,polycyhtemia.], what is the cause of systolic murmur in TOF?[pulmonary stenosis]

3. Measles(maculopapular rash shown)=> diagnosis? what is the diagnostic feature in the oral cavity?[coplik spots]

4. IVP(x-ray)=> what is this investigation? what is the dye used in this?[telepaque, urograffin], two indications of this?[disturbed RPM,poor renal perfusion,recurrent pain abdomen,hematuria]

5. Growth chart(graph shown)=> what is this?, what are the anthropometric measures in one years old child?[weight=10 kg, HC= 47cm, height= 75cm]

6. Mumps( picutre and scenario of sweeling on mandible)=> diagnosis? complications?[epididymo orchitis, deafness, meningoencephalitis]

7. True-cut biopsy needle=> identify? what are the diagnostic and therapeutic uses?[liver bbiopsy,renal biopsy]

8. Kwashiorkor child( photo)=> what are your findings[wasting,odema,thin brittle hair], what is the nutrient deficiency?[protein] 3 steps of management?

UHS OSPE

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Chest X-ray after the Insertion of CVP Line

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Paediatrics Ospe ( UHS Feb 2012)

Tags: Pediatric Ospe, UHS, SMC, PMC, AIMC

Gynecology and Obstetrics Ospe ( UHS Lahore Feb 2012)

Tags: Gyne Ospe, Obs, UHS, LMDC, SMC

UHS OSPE Surgery February 2012

UHS OSPE Surgery (LMC Feb 09, 2012)

In growing nail, Foley’s catheter, Deaver’s retractor, subdural hematoma, Hydrocele, Lumber puncture technique Interactive stations: Carbuncle, Incisional hernia. Cullen’s sign, Pleural effusion /pneumoheamthorax, Colle's fracture

For Photos of OSPE stations please refer to Redgage

UHS OSPE Surgery (SMC Feb 10, 2012)

1. Colles fracture 2.Extra dural hematoma CT scan 3. DVT 4. T-tube cholangiogram 5. ETT 6.Pneumothorax x-ray 7. IVP 8. Lipoma 9.Meckels diverticulum Interactive stations: Hydatid cyst CT scan, Non crushing intestinal clamp

UHS OSPE Surgery (LMDC Feb 10, 2012)

UHS OSPE Surgery (PMC Feb 10, 2012)

UHS OSPE Surgery (PMC Feb 11, 2012)

UHS OSPE Surgery (NMC Feb 11, 2012)

Observe stations:

Interctive stations:

Nipple eroded 2 lesion (Eczema, Paget's disease), treatment? Hyperthyroidism (MNG) Symptioms treatment?

.UHS OSPE Surgery (RMC Feb 12, 2012)

Interactive:

Breast CA Cholecystectomy specimen , gall stones

Static:

Tags: UHS Surgery Ospe , LMC, SMC, LMDC, NMC, RMC

UHS OSPE MEDICINE 2012

MEDICINE (UMDC Feb 07, 2012)

Static Stations:

Interactive:

1. Tetunus immunization in a 30 year old man with road side accidental wound 2. Diabetes in an obese person recently diagnosed...counsel the patient. 3. Cerebral infarct and management 4. Pulmonary embolism and its management

MEDICINE ( SIMS Feb 07, 2012)

Interactive:

Static:

MEDICINE OSPE ( AIMC Feb 07, 2012 )

Interactive:

Acne vulgaris, Depression, X-ray pneumothorax

Statics:

MEDICINE OSPE ( QAMC Feb 07, 2012 )

MEDICINE OSPE ( PMC Feb 07, 2012 )

Static:

Interactive:

1. Status epilepticus and treatment2. Pulmonary edema and management3. Depression and drugs 4. DM, and life style and diet modifications

MEDICINE OSPE ( LMDC Feb 07, 2012 )

Unobserved:

1. Rhuematoid arthritis and causes 2. Erythema nodusum and treatment 3. Brain abcess on CT scan called ring enhancement lesion and tretment 4. CCF/pericarditis on x-ray 5.Dengue 6. Bipolar disorder 7. CT sacn bronchiectatsis

Observed:

1. HIV counseling 2. Postpartum psycoisis conseling 3. Resusuitation with ambu bag and cardiac thumb, resusutation of uncouncious pateint 4. Atrial fibrllation

MEDICINE OSPE ( UMDC Feb 08, 2012 )

MEDICINE OSPE ( LMDC Feb 08, 2012 )

Interactive:

1. Atropine uses and contraindications 2. Tetanus 3. Acute exacerbation of COPD/ (Pulsus paradosus...?) 4. Oropharyngeal airway, uses and how to use,

Static:

MEDICINE OSPE ( AIMC Feb 08, 2012 )

Interactive stations:

Non interactive station:

1. Acute coronary syndrome and management 2. Thalasaemia 3. SLE (butterfly rash was shown, H/O small joint pain) 4. Intracranial hemorrhage and its management 5. LP needle and its diagnostic indications. 6. TOF and its management,esophageal varices (endoscopic pic was shown) 7. Bell's palsy

MEDICINE OSPE ( PMC Feb 08, 2012 )

Interactive:

1. Pulmonary edema due to cardiogenic shock, what is the treatment? 2. Pulmonary edema due to accelerated hypertension. What is the treatment? 3. Foley's catheter, how to insert it? 4. Acute Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis, emergency management?

Static:

Tags: Medicine Ospe 2012,

Examination Of A Swelling

Swelling:

Examination:

General Survey:

Inspection:

Palpation:

Examination of regional nodes, nerves and vessels:

Percussion:

Auscultation:

Measurements:

Movements:

Examination for pressure effects:

UHS OSPE PAEDIATRICS 2010 Supplementary

What are Varicose Veins

In growing nail, Foley’s catheter, Deaver’s retractor, subdural hematoma, Hydrocele, Lumber puncture technique
Interactive stations: Carbuncle, Incisional hernia. Cullen’s sign, Pleural effusion /pneumoheamthorax, Colle's fracture

1. Colles fracture 2.Extra dural hematoma CT scan 3. DVT 4. T-tube cholangiogram 5. ETT 6.Pneumothorax x-ray 7. IVP 8. Lipoma 9.Meckels diverticulum
Interactive stations: Hydatid cyst CT scan, Non crushing intestinal clamp

Nipple eroded 2 lesion (Eczema, Paget's disease), treatment?
Hyperthyroidism (MNG) Symptioms treatment?

Breast CA
Cholecystectomy specimen , gall stones

1. Tetunus immunization in a 30 year old man with road side accidental wound
2. Diabetes in an obese person recently diagnosed...counsel the patient.
3. Cerebral infarct and management
4. Pulmonary embolism and its management

1. Status epilepticus and treatment
2. Pulmonary edema and management
3. Depression and drugs
4. DM, and life style and diet modifications

1. Rhuematoid arthritis and causes
2. Erythema nodusum and treatment
3. Brain abcess on CT scan called ring enhancement lesion and tretment
4. CCF/pericarditis on x-ray
5.Dengue
6. Bipolar disorder
7. CT sacn bronchiectatsis

1. HIV counseling
2. Postpartum psycoisis conseling
3. Resusuitation with ambu bag and cardiac thumb, resusutation of uncouncious pateint
4. Atrial fibrllation

1. Atropine uses and contraindications
2. Tetanus
3. Acute exacerbation of COPD/ (Pulsus paradosus...?)
4. Oropharyngeal airway, uses and how to use,

1. Acute coronary syndrome and management
2. Thalasaemia
3. SLE (butterfly rash was shown, H/O small joint pain)
4. Intracranial hemorrhage and its management
5. LP needle and its diagnostic indications.
6. TOF and its management,esophageal varices (endoscopic pic was shown)
7. Bell's palsy

1. Pulmonary edema due to cardiogenic shock, what is the treatment?
2. Pulmonary edema due to accelerated hypertension. What is the treatment?
3. Foley's catheter, how to insert it?
4. Acute Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis, emergency management?

VWB disease
Pneumothorax
Foley`s
X-ray rickets
GCS and management of trauma
ABd paracentisis and comlications
EPI chart
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