Dog Basics

Zuchon

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Description: A Zuchon is a hybrid breed which consists of a cross-breed between a Shih Tzu and a Bichon Frise. They may show traits from either of the two breeds. Hybrid breeding is a new trend which is not yet recognized by the American Kennel Club or Canadian Kennel Club. The key to hybrid breeding is producing a healthier dog with superior genetics.

Height: 8-11 inches
Weight: 9-16 pounds

Color: Any combination of Black and white, silver or gray, tan or cream.
Coat: Double-coated; soft, medium length, curly. Requires regular grooming

Temperament: Good temperament, eager to please; energetic, well-behaved.
With Children: High - They are good with children, hypoallergenic, and are typically gentle.
With Pets: Medium - High

Care and Exercise: More suited to be an indoor dog, but still need some outdoor activity.
Training: High - Highly intelligent and obedient.
Learning Rate: Medium - High - They tend to have the intelligence of the Bichon Frise and are not difficult to train like the Shih Tzus.

Activity: High - Energetic and love being active.

Health Issues: This breed typically has no major health issues, and tend to stay very healthy.

History: There is not much history to this breed as it was created just a few years ago by cross-breeding the Shih Tsu and the Bichon Frise.

Yorkshire Terrier

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Description: The Yorkshire Terrier is a long-haired toy terrier with a blue and tan coat. Their coat is parted in the middle from head to tail, with it hanging evenly on either side of their body. They have naturally erect ears, a black nose, and a flat and small skull. The puppies of Yorkshire Terriers are born black and tan, but the color of their coat tends to change to blue and tan as they get older. Newborn Yorkshire Terriers are born black in color with tan on the eyebrow, jaws, chest and feet. They are fully mature in two years. The Yorkshire Terrier is one of the world's smallest dogs and should not get larger than 7lbs. Yorkshire Terriers may be tiny but they are a big-dog in a little-dog package. The Yorkie is an intelligent and confident pet. They are spirited and spunky, affectionate and lively. They can be scrappy, courageous and assertive. They get along with everyone, but they may get nippy if not trained or socialized correctly. Yorkshire Terriers are compact in size, sweet in nature and cheerful in character.

Other Names: Yorkie

Type: Companion Dog

Height: 6 - 9 inches.
Weight: 3 - 7 lbs.

Colors: Dark blue from back of head to their tail. Face, chest and feet are tan.
Coat: Glossy, fine and silky.

Temperament: Yorkshire Terriers are intelligent, confident, and affectionate. Lively and spirited, the Yorkshire Terrier is no wimp. They do sound the alarm if the need be, and though small can be hardy. They are brave and self-assured, and posses the typical terrier attitude. They are devoted, assertive, and courageous. They can be demanding and/or nippy if they are not correctly socialized or trained, and should be kept from children if this is the case.
With Children: Yes, does best with an only child and no roughhousing or hectic activity.
With Pets: Yes, they should be even tempered and co-exist peacefully with other breeds.
Special Skills: Rat catcher and family pet.

Watch-dog: Very High.
Guard-dog: Low.

Care and Training: Frequent daily brushing will keep the coat of the Yorkie in beautiful condition. They need consistent grooming. Yorkshire Terriers do best when some type of exercise is given, though it need not be special. A romp through an apartment or house will suffice. Extra care must be taken for the Yorkshire Terrier in cold or bad weather.
Learning Rate: High. Yorkies are easily trained but be careful not to spoil them, they can become demanding and nippy. Obedience - medium to low. Problem Solving - High.

Activity: Very High. This little breed has a lot of energy to use, and fortunately a small amount of room is needed for this.
Special Needs: Dental care, grooming, socialization, supervision with children and large animals, and training.
Living Environment: Yorkshire Terriers are quite adaptable. They can live anywhere from the city to the country. An apartment, house, urban or rural living is great for this breed. The best owner for this breed would be a firm but loving individual or family.

Health Issues: Eye irritations, hypoglycemia, Legg-Perthes disease, liver shunt, patellar luxation, premature dental disease and some puppies are born with open fontanels (parts of the skull).

Life Span: 12 -15 years. These dogs, like most smaller dogs, can live a long life.
Litter Size: 2 - 3 puppies.

Country of Origin: Great Britain
History: Yorkshire Terriers first originated in the same district as the Airedale terrier in England. They first appeared from "Huddersfeld Ben", the "first" Yorkie, around the year 1850. The Yorkie is thought to be made of the Old English Black and Tan Terrier, Maltese, Clydesdale Terrier, Manchester Terrier, Paisley Terrier and Skye Terrier. But, there are different lines that may have come from different dogs in the first place. Today they retain all of the same traits, however. The breed was perpetuated by income of poor farmers and workers, and thus to compete in the market, they would not share their "ingredients" of their particular Yorkies. The Yorkie (Yorkshire Terrier) became a fashionable pet in the late Victorian era in Yorkshire, England. They were originally called the Broken-haired Scotch Terriers. Yorkshire Terriers are a half progenitor of the Silky Terrier. The Australian Terrier and the Yorkshire Terrier were mixed to create the Sydney Silky, or Silky Terrier. Only 20 years from their start did they come to America, and 66 years later became recognized by the American Kennel Club. Yorkshire Terriers made their presence known in the U.S. today and have become one of the most popular toy breeds ever.

First Registered by the AKC: 1936
AKC Group: Toy
Class: Toy
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 3), KC (GB), UKC

Xoloitzcuintli

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Description: According to the American Kennel Club website, the breed's name is pronounced "show-low-eats-queen-tlee". The Xoloitzcuintli (Xolo, for short) is a a sensitive breed of above average intelligence and devotion. They are protective, but will meet aggression, rather than instigate it, taking their cues from their master's uneasiness of a situation or person. Xoloitzcuintli are still primitive to some degree and need to be guided by reason and respect, rather than force of will. Though the Xoloitzcuintli is known as a hairless breed, litters often contain pups that are fully coated. Because the coated pups have traditionally been destroyed at birth, there is no standardization in coat color. This perhaps, has led breeders to believe that the coated pups are mixed breed puppies. A short course in genetics will disprove this belief. The coated Xoloitzcuintli has a short, course coat that sheds minimally. The coated Xoloitzcuintli is recognized by the UKC. The breed has a sleek body, almond-shaped eyes, and pointed bat-like ears. They look very similar to the Pharaoh Hound. Xolo come in three different sizes: Standard, Miniature and Toy. The biggest of the varieties are more likely to act as a guard dog than their smaller siblings.

Other Names: Mexican Hairless Xoloitzcuintli Dog, Xolo, Xoloitzcuintle, Xoloitzquintle, Tepeitzcuintli

Type: Sighthound and Pariah

Height:
Standard: 22.5 inches.
Miniature: 13 - 18 inches.
Toy: Under 13 inches.

Weight:
Standard: 20 - 31 lbs.
Miniature: 13 - 22 lbs.
Toy: 9 - 18 lbs.

Colors: Hairless Xoloitzcuintli may be black, charcoal, lighter gray, bronze, liver or red. Solid colors are preferred, but some do have spots without pigment, which need sun block. Coated dogs can be any combination of colors.
Coat: Hairless Xoloitzcuintli may have hair on head, feet, nape and/or tail. Some will be completely hairless. Coated Xoloitzcuintli have short, course hair that sheds minimally. They are also hypo-allergenic.

Temperament: Xoloitzcuintli are a calm, quiet dog, cheerful, attentive and alert. Suspicious towards strangers, Mexican Hairless are a good watchdog, an excellent pet. The Xolo (Xoloitzcuintli) is exceptionally intuitive and affectionate with their family. They are noisy only when they need to be, faithful, and very intelligent. When they are happy they are active, calm and get along with others if socialized. They are loving and intuitive.
With Children: Yes, excellent with children, completely at ease with their sudden movements.
With Pets: Yes, they generally do fine with other pets, but some may be dog aggressive.
Special Skills: Watchdog and family pet. A popular hot water bottle, this breed has a higher than average body temperature of 104 degrees Fahrenheit.

Watch-dog: High. Xoloitzcuintli are very alert and can be very noisy when necessary.
Guard-dog: Standard size is High, taking their cues from their master's uneasiness
with a situation or person. The smaller sizes are Medium; less likely to guard/protect.

Care and Exercise: Hairless Xoloitzcuintli tolerate sun quite well, though spots lack pigment and need sun block. Though the hairless Xolo (Xoloitzcuintli) does need greater protection from the elements, they are hardy and can tolerate even extreme cold for brief periods of time. Mexican Hairless dogs do not require much exercise. To play and romp will keep them content, but they will also enjoy a walk on the leash.

Training: Early socialization and firm handling, without harsh correction or heavy handedness are imperative. Gentleness is the way to go. Without these, the pups may grow to be fearful of new situations and insecure. This isn't a breed for permissive parents, or heavy-handed tyrants.
Learning Rate: Very high. The Xoloitzcuintli wants to please their master. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - High.

Activity: Medium - Low. Xolos (Xoloitzcuintli) do very well in apartments with daily walks as well in the country with room to run.
Special Needs: Attention, socialization, sun protection and skin care.
Living Environment: Xoloitzcuintli need to be involved in family life more than any other single thing. They will not thrive if confined to the backyard for long periods of time without human interaction. A Xolo (Xoloitzcuintli), even fully coated should be considered an indoor dog. The best owner for this breed would be an active individual or family living in a suburban or city environment. An apartment is suitable for this breed.

Health Issues: Xoloitzcuintli have no know genetic problems at this point. Some do have drug sensitivities, and caution must be used when using any chemical for the first time. Other health concerns include acne, missing teeth, food allergies and skin infections.

Life Span: 12 - 15 years. Xolos live quite a long time.
Litter Size: 4 puppies is average.

Country of Origin: Mexico
History: The Xoloitzcuintli, also know as the Mexican Hairless, is among the oldest of purebred dogs. It is thought to have existed at least 3500 years ago in pre-hispanic Mexico, as well as claimed to be the first dog of the Americas. The breed was regarded as the earthly representative of the god Xolotl, from which its name is derived. It was thought by the Toltec, Mayan and Aztec cultures that the Xoloitzcuintli was created from the Bone of Life, from which all man was created as well. The god Xolotl gave the Xoloitzcuintli to man as a gift and told them to protect it with their lives. The Xoloitzcuintli was thought to be able to guide man through the dangers of the world of Death, or Mictlan, in order to pass through it to get to the Evening Star of the Heavens. For this reason the breed was thought to have medicinal and spiritual powers. Their most important task may have been to accompany the souls of the dead to their final place of rest. However, they were also regarded as a source of food, protector of the home, family companion and healer of various ailments. Therefore there have been records from 16th century Spanish explorers telling of large banquets of Xoloitzcuintli being served for dinner. People also ate them because they thought they might heal them if they ate the meat. Some places in Mexico are still thought to sell this breed as food, as some people still believe the legend. Unknown to most people, the breed was actually registered by the AKC in 1887, but in April of 1959, the breed had few followers, and no major breeding programs were producing high quality Xolos, thus purebred Xoloitzcuintli interest declined and the AKC voted to drop the breed from the stud books. However, the breed has been on the Foundation Stock Service since 1997.

First Registered by the AKC: FSS (Foundation Stock Service - not yet eligible for the AKC)
Class: Non-Sporting Group
Registries: FCI (Group 5), UKC (Sighthounds and Pariah Dogs), KC (UK) (Utility), CKC (Toys)

Wirehaired Pointing Griffon

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Description: In Europe they are still known as the Korthals Griffon. They are medium sized dogs that have wiry brown, white and gray fur. With ears that drop down, the breed also has somewhat of a beard and mustache around their yellow to brown eyes and brown nose. The tail can be docked at half or one-third its length. The Wirehaired Pointing Griffon is an excellent family dog who is trustworthy and has a tremendous willingness to please. Easy to train, they make a wonderful pet for a strong, confident owner. An active breed, they exhibit pointer-like behavior but have a terrier-like attitude. Wirehaired Pointing Griffons make pleasant companions and skillful, multipurpose hunting dogs. Wirehaired Pointing Griffons have a quick and intelligent mind and they are easily trained. They can get bored easily, however, which requires some mental stimulation on part of the owner. When they get bored, they also tend to get manipulative in what they want to do. This breed is rather docile an gets along with other pets very well. They are a fine breed of workability and versatility. Wirehaired Pointing Griffons are outgoing and make a meticulous hunting companion.

Other Names: Korthals Griffon, Pointing Wirehaired Griffon, Griffon D'Arrêt a Poil Dur

Type: Gun Dog
Wirehaired Pointing Griffon

Height: Females: 20 - 22 inches; Males: 22 - 24 inches.
Weight: 40 - 60 lbs.

Colors: Steel gray with chestnut markings, white and chestnut, or white. Sometimes they come in orange and white.
Coat: A wiry, rough, coarse, hard outer coat, and a downy undercoat.

Temperament: Wirehaired Pointed Griffons are independent and intelligent. They are amiable, willing to please, and quite devoted. The breed is sometimes quite comical as well. They can be reserved with strangers, but remain quite affectionate with family. Wirehaired Pointing Griffons are also very energetic. They can get bored easily, so mental and physical stimulation should be provided. But when they do get bored, they also get manipulative.
With Children: Medium - Low. Older, respectful children are okay.
With Pets: Yes, they are generally friendly towards other dogs and pets.

Watch-dog: Very High.
Guard-dog: Medium.

Care and Training: Minimal grooming and trimming of their coat is needed. The Wirehaired Pointed Griffon Requires plenty of exercise and would make a great jogging partner. The owner must have time for training as they are a high-energy dog that enjoys hunting or other outside activities.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - Medium. This breed is quite intelligent and obedient.

Activity: Very High.
Special Needs: Firm training, a job or activity to do, and socialization.
Living Environment: The Wirehaired Pointing Griffon enjoys working in the field and water and is therefore much better suited to live in the country, but they will adapt to city living if they have a house with a fenced yard and obtain sufficient exercise. The Wirehaired Pointed Griffon is unsuited for apartment living due to their high activity. The best owner for this breed would be an active, dog-experienced owner living in a rural or suburban environment.

Health Issues: Skin allergies, thyroid problems, and hip dysplasia.

Life Span: 10 - 12 years.
Litter Size: Average is 8 puppies.

Country of Origin: France
History: Although they were developed by Edward K. Korthals, a wealthy fancier and banker from Holland in 1874, they are listed as a French breed. Due to Korthals developing them, they are now often referred to as Korthals Griffons. Korthals wanted to create a breed that would be a gundog that could be used for any type of game, on different types of ground. Korthals started with a female who was a Griffon of Barbet origins and crossed her with 20 different breeds such as the Small Munsterlanders, Braque Francais, Otterhounds, other types of griffons, various setters and pointers. Developed to be a methodical, close worker in all types of terrain, they filled the need for a versatile hunter that could point and retrieve. He succeeded in producing a breed with a good nose and extreme endurance. In 1887 the breed obtained a breed standard, and was also the year they first came to the United States. The popularity of the breed continually rose until World War II, when everything was halted due to war. Today the breed is not as popular as before, but still serves as an excellent gun dog. Today they are a rare breed.

First Registered by the AKC: 1887
AKC Group: Sporting Group
Class: Gundog
Registries: AKC, CKC, FCI (Group 7), UKC

Wire Fox Terrier

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Description: The Wire Fox Terrier is a gay, lively, active dog. The Wire Fox Terriers are an energetic, inquisitive, playful breed who love to run, chase and explore. Identical to the Smooth Fox Terrier except for its coat, it is affectionate and trainable making the ideal child's companion. Never refusing to play, they do everything with full force such as scrambling over furniture to reach a ball. They are very friendly and get along well with children. However, a Wire Fox Terrier may try to dominate other dogs and will treat other small pets in the same fashion it would a fox! This breed, being a terrier, loves to dig and bark when they need to. They are alert and determined, ready to be a great watchdog. The Wire Fox Terrier is affectionate, trustworthy and eager. They remain an enthusiastic little dog with longer legs than the average terrier. They have mostly white bodies of short and leanly muscular build. They often have spots of brown and black, especially on the face. Their drop button ears and terrier build attract onlookers even outside the show ring. This breed has a long face that is more slender than the Jack Russell Terrier, which it resembles. The Wire Fox Terrier is one of the oldest of the terrier breeds who were bred to dig down into burrow to flush out foxes or catch small animals. Easy dogs to live with, they enjoy being a part of the family. Wire Fox Terriers are eager to please and clean in their household habits. They make delightful companions for active people.

Type: Terrier

Height: 14 - 15.5 inches.
Weight: 15 - 19 lbs.Wire Fox Terrier

Colors: White with tan or black markings, all white, brindle, red or liver. White should be predominant, and red, brindle and liver are all highly undesirable.
Coat: Dense, hard and very wiry. The coat is medium length.

Temperament: Alert, determined, eager, trustworthy, and affectionate. They are trainable, get along with children, and are very friendly. Bold and active, this terrier likes to dig. Smaller animals are not an option for this breed, as they will often hunt them. The Wire Fox Terrier is enthusiastic, energetic, and loves to play.

With Children: Yes, gets along well with children and is always ready to play.
With Pets: Not usually, small pets such as cats may be fair game and they may try to dominate other dogs.
Special Skills: Vermin hunter and family pet.

Watch-dog: Very High. This breed is extremely alert and very active. They may bark if something unusual is suspected.
Guard-dog: Low.

Care and Exercise: Wire Fox Terriers need regular brushing with a natural bristle brush or glove and comb. They also require stripping to remove their old dead coat twice yearly. Teeth and nails need regular attention. Bathe them only when necessary. Exercise of the Wire Fox Terrier should consist of on-leash walks and off-leash play in a yard or a romp in the park.
Training: The Wire Fox Terrier responds well to a firm hand with love and plenty of exercise. Learning very quickly, the Wire Fox Terrier (like any terrier) can be stubborn. Be consistent positive when training your Fox Terrier.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Medium. Problem Solving - Very High. This breed is very intelligent.

Activity: Indoors - Very High. Outdoors - Very High.
Special Needs: Exercise, a fenced yard, leash, socialization, supervision with other animals, and training.
Living Environment: An apartment is adequate if given sufficient exercise but the ideal environment is a home with a fenced backyard, as they are an active terrier. Do not leave this breed alone in the yard as they may bark and try to dig their way out. To own a Wire Fox Terrier you need to be a confident leader who prefers an active, feisty breed, not a couch potato. The best owner for this breed would be an active, responsible owner living in a rural or suburban home.

Health Issues: Lens luxation, cataracts, Cushing's disease, deafness, hip dysplasia, Legg-Perthes disease, and skin allergies.

Life Span: 12 - 14 years. This breed is relatively long-lived.
Litter Size: 3 - 6 puppies.

Country of Origin: England
History: The Wire Fox Terrier first became noticed as a breed in the 1860s. They were originally bred to hunt vermin and foxes, as the name suggests. Their descendants are other terriers from the English counties of Cheshire and Shropshire with possibly some Beagle blood. Other breeds possibly included in the mix were black-and-tan terrier, bull terrier, and the greyhound. The Fox Terrier has been documented since 1790, where a recording of the breed was made in print and on canvas. The breed of 1790 is still remarkably similar to the breed we have today. The original Wire-haired type came from the regions of Durham and Derbyshire in England and Wales. It is not entirely known where the Smooth came from, but the Smooth did come first. Wires resulted from the breeding of a male Smooth Fox Terrier named Jock and a female of unknown breed with Wire-hair named Trap. The breed was accepted by the British Kennel Club in 1876, three years after the BKC opened. Both the Smooth Fox Terrier and the Wire Fox Terrier share the same conformation and were recognized as the same breed until 1984 when the AKC approved separate standards. Reverend Jack Russell, who perpetuated and developed the Jack Russell Terrier of today, also aided in the perpetuation of the Fox Terrier. Russell kept the Wire Fox Terrier of pure strain until 1870, and only crossed with a Smooth Terrier once for improvement during that time. Today, the Wire Fox Terrier is much more popular than the Smooth, but the Smooth still reigns in Sweden.

First Registered by the AKC: 1885
AKC Group: Terrier Group
Class: Terrier
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 3), KC (GB), UKC

Whippet

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Description: The Whippet looks like a miniature Greyhound. They are medium sized sight hounds giving the appearance of elegance and fitness, denoting great speed, power and balance without coarseness. They are one of the fastest breed in the world having been timed at 36.5 mph for a 150 yard course, which is at least 10 mph faster than the fastest human can run. Whippets have frail bodies, but they are intense when racing. They have small rose ears, a black nose and thin snout. Their bodies are thin and lean but muscular. Their tapering tail remains undocked. Whippets are gentle, affectionate and adaptable, splendid watch dogs. Delightful companions or great jogging partners, the Whippet needs plenty of exercise and might as well get it with you. Whippets are considered one of the friendliest of the sight hounds, but can be initially nervous or reserved around strangers. They tend to get along very well with other dogs, but smaller animals may be hunted by this breed. They get along well with children however and are very playful, though children should be gentle. The Whippet is a calm and sensitive breed that is powerful on the race track and playful at home.

Type: Scenthound and Pariah

Height: 17 - 22 inches.
Weight: 20 - 28 lbsWhippet.

Colors: Any color or mixture of colors, and any pattern.
Coat: Short, fine, smooth and close.

Temperament: Whippets are amiable, friendly, gentle, but capable of great intensity during sporting pursuits. They may seem fragile, but they compete with tenacity during races. They are sensitive to the cold, however, and should be housed indoors. The Whippet does well with all people, children included. They do not do well with small animals, however, and they will try to hunt them. They should also be kept on a leash in the public as they like to roam. Whippets are adaptable, somewhat fragile, but amiable. They are among the most obedient sight hounds as well. They are calm inside the house and are playful.
With Children: Yes, they do good with older children.
With Pets: Yes with dogs, but the Whippet needs to be watched around other small animals as they have a strong prey drive.
Special Skills: Hunting dog and companion.

Watch-dog: High. The Whippet is an alert breed.
Guard-dog: Low.

Care and Training: Grooming of the Whippet's short coat is minimal. Brush the coat with a firm brush and bathe them only when necessary. Wiping down the coat will keep them clean and shiny. You can also give them a rub down to keep them clean. Whippets need plenty of exercise which should consist of running free on open ground and long, brisk walks. This speedy breed needs plenty of exercise to keep in shape. They are sensitive to the cold and should be kept indoors and not in a kennel.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Medium. Problem Solving - Medium. This breed is said to be the most obedient of the sight hounds.

Activity: Indoor - Low. Outdoor - Very High.
Special Needs: Attention, fenced yard, leash, and protection from the cold.
Living Environment: Whippets will do well in a house or apartment if they are exercised. They are susceptible to cold weather and do better in arid climates. They need to have a warm, soft bed. The best owner for this breed would be an active owner living in either the city or country, as they are very adaptable to different places.

Health Issues: The Whippet may get sunburned and they are sensitive to cold. They also may have delicate bones, or genetic eye diseases.

Life Span: 12 - 15 years.
Litter Size: 4 - 8 puppies.

Country of Origin: Great Britain
History: Developed from the Greyhound with the possibility of a cross between breeds such as the Pharaoh Hound and various terrier breeds. The other half of the Greyhound cross is unsure. They were developed into a fast little dog used for hunting rabbit and later on racing. Known in Britain as the "poor man's racehorse," the Whippet were expected to earn their keep at the races, which they did! The Whippet has turned out to be the fastest dog breed, racing up to 36 mph! Earlier, terriers were tried out in rabbit racing, in which they miserably failed due to the speed of rabbits. Therefore, they were replaced with the Whippet. Later when using live rabbits was banned in England, racers turned to using lure or rag racing. The dogs were first exhibited at the Crufts Dog Show in 1897, and in 1902 the breed was accepted by the British Kennel Club. The Whippet was accepted by the AKC in 1888. When English Lancashire textile mill workers immigrated to the United States they brought these little race dogs with them to New England in the early 1900s during the Industrial Revolution. Thus, the breed spread into North America and became moderately popular. There are longhaired Whippets, but kennel clubs have no accepted it.

First Registered by the AKC: 1888
AKC Group: Hound
Class: Hound
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 10), KC (GB), UKC

Wetterhound

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Description: The Frisian People in Northwestern corner of the Netherlands have developed the Wetterhound (Water Dog) breed in the 1600s or earlier to find and kill Otters in near by lakes. The Wetterhoun dog is a tough and fearless working dog. Wetterhouns were also use as gundogs and game. With a coat is greasy waterproof and a tightly spiraled tail. This breed loves the water and happy to swim in freezing weather.

Other Names: Otterhoun, Datch Spaniel, Frisian Water Dog

Type: Gun Dog

Height: 21-23
Weight: 33-44

Colors: Liver, Liver & white, black or black & white
Coat: Oily, Thick, Tight curls all over except smooth head, legs and ears. Coat must not be woolly.

Temperament: Wetterhouns are not suitable for New Dog Owners. This Rugged and Soundly built water dog is an unsinkable all weather all purpose dog. Mostly used as a farmhand or companion in Holland. Wetterhounds are loving but reserved with strangers.
With Children: Wetterhouns are good-natured and friendly. Good with children in a proper environment.
With Pets: Yes

Special Skills: Hunt Otters and make great gun dogs

Watch-dog: Yes
Guard-dog: Yes

Care and Training: Light grooming required. Comb coat occasionally and check ears.

Learning Rate: High. Learn very quickly

Activity: High
Living Environment: The Wetterhoun is not recommended for apartment life. Wetterhouns can life outdoors in a kennel as long as they get adequate exercise and constant human contact. They will do well in cold climates as long as they have shelter.

Country of Origin: Netherlands
History: The Wetterhoun was developed about 400 years ago in the Dutch Providence of Friesland. Wetterhoun is Dutch for "Water Dog". Developed by breeder of the Dutch province of Friesland about 400 years ago. This breed is rare but seldom outside its native land. This breed most likely descended from the old Water Dog, a breed that contributed to a number of modern Spaniel types but is now extinct. Wetterhouns were developed approximately around the same time as the Stabyhoun breed.

Registries: FCI, CKC, APRI, ACR, NKC

West Highland White Terrier

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Description: The West Highland White Terrier (Westie) is a small well-balanced hardy looking terrier, exhibiting good showmanship. They are elegant looking with a beautiful, shiny white coat and bright, button eyes, shaggy eyebrows and a black nose. Their fur around the face is bristly, which gives the dog a rounded face. Their skin is black or pink, but fur is white. Their tails resemble that of an inverted carrot, and is never docked. They have hard, 2 inch long fur that is cut longer around the legs and belly. With natural prick ears, some Westies keep their ears down around their owners to show submittal. An intelligent dog who learns quickly, the West Highland White Terriers love human companionship and will play with their family indoors or out. Their size makes them great for an apartment but they are just as at home in the country. They are a hardy breed, capable of playing with children and other dogs. West Highland White Terriers make great companions for children of all ages. Easygoing, active, responsive and friendly are all the ingredients for making a Westie. They are one of the most popular breed of dogs today. West Highland White Terrier

Other Names: Poltalloch Terrier, Roseneath Terrier

Type: Terrier

Height: 10 - 11 inches.
Weight: 15 - 22 lbs.

Colors: All white, no other colors, or else they'd be called Cairn Terrier.
Coat: They have a double coat that is harsh and straight and about 2 inches long, with a wiry outer coat and a soft, close, furry undercoat. The coat is bristly and stands off around the face, making the face appear rounded.

Temperament: West Highland White Terriers are active, assertive, fun-loving, well-behaved and light-hearted. They are alert and friendly. Being stable, they love to play and will do so with each other or with you. They are courageous, self-reliant and have good self-esteem. They can be independent but mostly rely on their families for love and affection, two things they severely need. They like to dig in the yard and should be trained to avoid this, as they also will kill any vermin they find around the house. Some Westies may not be good with children, as some are more picky than others for a companion. They generally get along well with other dogs and if trained, with other pets such as cats. West Highland White Terriers need consistent attention, exercise and mental stimulation or else they will become lazy and out of shape. If given the opportunity, the Westie will sit on your lap or next to you and enjoy your petting for hours.
With Children: Yes, they make excellent playmates for children because they can withstand rough play and highly enjoy it.
With Pets: Yes, but teach them when they are young to tolerate cats.
Special Skills: Vermin destroyer and family pet.

Watch-dog: High. These dogs are very alert to sounds and smells of the things around them, and they will alert you with a bark.
Guard-dog: Low.

Care and Training: The West Highland White Terrier is easy to train and should have basic training. They need regular brushing two to three times a week to help keep their white coat clean. Monthly bathing is necessary for a clean coat as well. Minimal trimming is needed if they are just a pet. If you plan to show them, they will also need trimming, plucking and stripping of the coat.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - Very High.

Activity: Indoor & Outdoor - Very High, unless they are ignored.
Special Needs: Attention, exercise, grooming, firm but positive training and socialization.
Living Environment: At home in the country or the city the West Highland White Terrier will do well as an apartment dweller if they are walked at least once or twice a day, though they will always enjoy having the freedom to play in a yard. West Highland White Terriers do best with human or canine companionship. The best owner for this breed would be a terrier-experienced person living in either the city or country, as this breed is very adaptable.

Health Issues: This breed is healthy and robust. There may be some problems with skin allergies, patellar luxation, hernias, cranio mandibular osteopathy (lion jaw), deafness and congenital heart disease. They can also be susceptible to atopy, cataracts, copper toxicosis, enzyme deficiency, inguinal hernia, and Legg-Perthes disease.

Life Span: 15 + years. This is a long lived breed.
Litter Size: 2 - 8 puppies.

Country of Origin: Scotland
History: They were developed in the high mountains of west Scotland and claim ancestry to the Scotch Terrier. For a long time, the Westie was interbred with the Cairn, and white ones were simply called Westies, while the colored ones were called Cairns. The Westie is thought to be around 300 years old. King James I, King of England in the 1620s, was reported to have requested "little white earth dogges" that may have been Westies. Sir Edwin Landseer's painting in 1831 titled "The Breakfast Party" features several Highland Terriers. They were very much like the West Highland White Terriers of today. They were at one time cross bred with Cairn, Scottish and Dandie Dinmont Terriers. In the later 1800s there was a strain of white Scottish Terriers who were owned by Colonel Malcolm of Polltalloch and were known as Polltalloch Terriers. West Highland White Terriers were originally bred to hunt vermin, fox and badger, and be distinguished from the prey when hunting. They were bred specifically to be white so the hunter wouldn't accidentally shoot the dog instead of the prey. This was decided by Malcom of Polltalloch, Argyleshire, Scotland when he accidentally shot and killed his favorite dark-colored terrier. The breed may have been started by this person, as the type of dog was kept by Malcom's family since the 18th century. Similarly, other people continued the breed, such as the Duke of Argyll's estate of Roseneath, Scotland. Because of this, the breed was also called Roseneath Terriers during the 19the century. In the first dog show in the 1800s, the breed was called the White Scottish Terrier, by which they were related. The breed was then classified as West Highland White Terriers in 1904, and was first exhibited in Westminster in 1906. Over the years, the breed has survived the outrageous fads of body size, straight front legs, etc., as other breeds have in the past. In 1917 the AKC ruled that Cairn Terriers could be registered if they carried West Highland White Terrier blood. But today the breed is back to normal and continuing to be one of the most popular breeds.

First Registered by the AKC: 1908
AKC Group: Terrier
Class: Terrier
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 3), KC (GB), UKC

Welsh Terrier

2008-01-28T10:52:00.000-08:00

Description: Bold and spirited, the Welsh Terrier is similar to the Airedale Terrier and Lakeland Terrier in appearance. A true terrier at heart, they are not as hot-headed as some of the other terriers. They are affectionate dogs who have outgoing natures making them ideal family pets. Welsh Terriers are reserved around strangers, and make brave watchdogs. Welsh Terriers are a game, alert, aware, and spirited breed. But at the same time, Welsh Terriers are friendly and show self control. Welsh Terriers are intelligent and have a desire to please which is evident in their attitude. Being of smaller size than their relatives the Airedale Terriers, they are of good size with small drop ears and docked tails. Welsh Terriers are sometimes referred to as "Welshies", and usually have black and tan colorations. They have wiry, abundant fur that is hard to the touch. With somewhat of a beard and a fringe on their legs, the Welshie is an interesting looking breed with a curious personality.

Type: Terrier

Height: 14 - 15.5 inches.
Weight: 19 - 22 lbsWelsh Terrier.

Colors: Black and tan as well as black, grizzle and tan. It is free of black penciling on the toes and black below the hocks is undesirable.
Coat: Their double coat is abundant, wiry, dense, hard and close.

Temperament: Welsh Terriers are active and playful. They are very curious, sometimes too much for their own good. They are an intelligent and game breed, ready for any kind of fun. They are friendly and outgoing with all kinds of people. Welsh Terriers are spirited, courageous and bold dogs.
With Children: Yes, they are usually patient with children.
insert bold tagsyle="font-weight:bold;">With Pets: Yes, if socialized from a young age not to chase.
Special Skills: Hunting dog and family pet

Watch-dog: Very High. Welsh Terriers are very inquisitive and intelligent.
Guard-dog: Low.

Care and Exercise: Brush the Welsh Terrier three times per week, bathe when necessary. Regular trimming of their coat is needed if they are being shown, preferably by hand-stripping. Their coats need to be stripped twice a year. Clipping the dog's coat is a popular alternative. Regular daily exercise is also needed, on or off the leash. They enjoy their exercise. Welsh Terriers enjoy a game of ball or a run in the countryside. They also enjoy swimming.
Training: Welsh Terriers need basic obedience training to make them an enjoyable companion. Give them a constant variety and remain consistent as they will try to divert you from your intentions.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Low. Problem Solving - Medium.

Activity: Very High. This breed requires a lot of exercise.
Special Needs: Exercise, firm but positive training, grooming and socialization.
Living Environment: An apartment is adequate if daily exercise is provided for the Welshie. They are an adaptable breed. The best owner for this breed would be a dog-experienced owner living the city or country, as long as it has enough activity.

Health Issues: Epilepsy, glaucoma, skin allergies and thyroid problems.

Life Span: 10 - 12 years.
Litter Size: 3 - 6 puppies.

Country of Origin: Wales
History: Developed in North Wales and the north of England they were used to hunt otter, foxes and badgers. Their direct ancestors are two from strains: The Celtic strain using the coarse-haired Black and Tan Terrier and the English strain using the Airedale and Fox Terrier. They only appeared as a separate breed in the 18th late century. It is thought that the English strain has run dry presently. In 1885 the Celtic version was shown and a year later the Welsh Terrier Club was formed in England. They were recognized by the British Kennel Club in 1887. In 1901 the breed made its way to America, and they were originally popular for hunting badger, fox and otter. They are often compared to the Airedale terrier, in which the Welsh is smaller. They are also compared to the Wire Fox Terrier, in which the Welshie has a broader head.

First Registered by the AKC: 1888
AKC Group: Terrier
Class: Terrier
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 3), KC (GB), UKC

Springer Spaniel

2008-01-28T10:51:00.002-08:00

Description: The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a very sociable and intelligent dog who thrives on human companionship. Smaller than their English cousin, they also have less feathering on the ears, more tapered heads and higher set ears. The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a medium sized dog that is muscular and has drop ears. They have brown eyes and a black or brown nose. The Welsh Springer Spaniel's tail is docked or can be natural length. With a medium length coat, the feathering on their ears and body unveil colors of vibrant red and white, with the additional red freckles. Originally used as a gun dog, today Welsh Springer Spaniels have more fame as family pets with good natures, adaptability and every ready eagerness to get up and go. The Welsh Springer Spaniel is an active dog displaying a loyal and affectionate disposition. Although Welsh Springer Spaniels are reserved with strangers, they are not timid, shy nor unfriendly. They are jovial and outgoing, active and intelligent. The Welsh Springer Spaniel exhibits an attitude very inspiring and cheerful.

Type: Gun Dog

Height: 17 - 19 inches.
Weight: 35- 50 lbsWelsh Springer Spaniel.

Colors: Rich red and white only.
Coat: Straight and flat, silky in texture; there is some feathering on the chest, underside of body and the legs.

Temperament: Welsh Springer Spaniels are attentive, friendly, cheerful, sensitive, and independent. They are quite jovial, being outgoing and agreeable. They are intelligent and active, always willing to "spring" to your side. The Welsh Springer Spaniel is highly trainable, but must remain motivated in order to be trained. They are devoted to family, get along well with children as well as with pets. They get along with everyone, making them good watchdogs but not so good guard dogs.
With Children: Yes, they are gentle with children.
With Pets: Yes, they will tolerate other pets.

Watch-dog: High. Welsh Springer Spaniels are an alert and sensitive breed.
Guard-dog: Medium - Low.

Care and Exercise: For Welsh Springer Spaniels a regular brushing with a stiff bristle brush twice a week is needed. Shedding is twice a year and needs extra attention. Bathe or dry shampoo when necessary. Occasional professional grooming is desirable. Check their ears for grass seeds and any other signs of infection. Trim hair between toes and keep the nails clipped. Welsh Springer Spaniels need regular exercise on and off the leash. Without enough exercise, they have a tendency to become fat and lazy. Welsh Springer Spaniels enjoy swimming and should be given a chance to do so.
Training: Welsh Springer Spaniel puppies need to be kept as close to people as possible for socialization. Obedience training and retrieval exercises can be started at six months of age. They have a tendency to wander and need training to prevent wandering.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Medium. Problem Solving - Medium.

Activity: Indoors - High. Outdoors - Very High.
Living Environment: Welsh Springer Spaniels do not do well in a kennel. They should have a house with a fenced yard. An owner of a Welsh Springer Spaniel needs to spend time providing them doing a job, whether it is hunting, retrieving, or agility work. The best owner for this breed would be an active family or individual living in a rural or suburban environment.

Health Issues: Hip dysplasia, cataracts, entropion, hypothyroidism, seizures and epilepsy.

Life Span: 12 - 14 years.
Litter Size: 6 - 10 puppies.

Country of Origin: Wales
History: Related to the English Springer Spaniel, they come from the same stock. Hunting spaniels had existed in England since the Medieval times. Welsh Springer Spaniels are mentioned in the Laws of Wales as early as 1300 A.D. Hunters kept these hunting spaniels for flushing game. Theory suggests that the breed's forefathers arrived with the Gauls in pre-Roman times. Bred in Wales for more than 400 years, there is speculation that they were crossed between the Clumber Spaniel and some indigenous Welsh Spaniels. They are certainly related to the Brittany in some way. Until the 19th century this breed was unknown outside of Wales. Before 1902, the Welsh Springer was referred to as the Welsh Cocker, even when it was recognized by the KC (UK). During the World Wars the breed's numbers diminished, but they stood through the test of time. They were first imported into the U.S. after World War II. In Wales, this breed is also known as a "Starter". Over the last 20 years or so the breed has spread from its homeland to the U.S. and elsewhere.

First Registered by the AKC: 1914
AKC Group: Sporting
Class: Gundog
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 8), KC (GB), UKC

Weimaraner

2008-01-28T10:51:00.001-08:00

Description: The Weimaraner or "Silver Ghost" is a picture of grace, speed, stamina, alertness and balance. One-family dogs that are reserved with strangers, they will make good watchdogs as well as good guard dogs. They require owners with a firm, no-nonsense approach who will take time to train and socialize them. Boundlessness of energy, tirelessness, self-driven and a remarkable sense of smell make Weimaraners great hunting dogs. Weimaraners have been known to hunt for as long as six hours at a stretch. When well trained, the Weimaraner is a confident and assertive dog who makes a wonderful companion. One thing most owners do not realize is that there are two varieties of Weimaraner coat, shorthaired and wirehaired. The wirehaired has fur 1 - 2 inches long and it is fringed like a setter's hair. The wirehair's tail is usually not docked, unlike the shorthaired. This larger breed is lean and muscular and fit for the hunt. They have long, wide, drop ears and a long broad head.

Other Names: Weimaraner Vorstehhund, Weim, Silver Ghost, Grey Ghost

Type: Gun Dog

Height: Females: 22 - 25; Males: 24 - 28 inches.
Weight: 60 - 86 lbs.Weimaraner

Colors: Preferably silver gray; shades of mouse or roe gray. There may be small white markings on the chest.
Coat: There are two variaties: Wirehaired and Shorthaired. The Shorthaired is short, smooth, fine, and sleek. The Wirehaired is 1 - 2 inches and fringed as a setter.

Temperament: Weimaraners are responsive, alert, and strong-willed. They make excellent hunting dogs and companions. They are intelligent, energetic and love to have fun. They get along well with children if they are socialized, and get along with other pets as well. They are hard workers but need training, and they will constantly try to get their own way. They are a resilient breed, good natured and agile in movement. Reserved with strangers, the Weimaraner makes an excellent watch dog and guard. They have a lot of energy.
With Children: Yes, usually very friendly with children if properly socialized at a young age.
With Pets: Yes, they get along well with other pets.
Special Skills: Field sports dog and family pet.

Watch-dog: Very High. They are very alert.
Guard-dog: High. More suspicious than the Vizsla, these dogs can actually be good guards.

Care and Training: Brush or dry shampoo the Weimaraner coat as necessary. A rub over with a chamois will make their coat gleam. Prone to sunburn on their nose in the summer. Weimaraners need plenty of opportunity to run free and a lot of regular exercise. The Weimaraner requires obedience training which should begin at 5 - 8 months of age.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Medium. Problem Solving - High. This breed will avidly try to get what it wants.

Activity: Very High.
Special Needs: Exercise, job or activity, socialization and training.
Living Environment: Weimaraners will adapt to urban living but do need plenty of space. They do not kennel well. To be an owner of a Weimaraner you should be active and confident. They are not a breed for the sedentary, lazy trainers who will leave them alone for long periods of time. The best owner for this breed would be an active, dog-experienced owner living in a rural or suburban environment.

Health Issues: Hip dysplasia, dermoid cysts, dwarfism, eye problems, von Willebrand's disease, cancer, bleeding disorders and gastric torsion, also known as bloat. Bloat is a health concern to most dogs and it is likely fatal. It is caused by the dog eating too fast and should be avoided.

Life Span: 10 - 12 years.
Litter Size: 5 - 7 puppies.

Country of Origin: Germany
History: The Weimaraner made their first official appearance over 125 years ago in the German court of Weimar. There is a painting of a dog very similar to a Weimaraner, painted in 1631 by Van Dyke. The breed is supposedly thought to have purposely been bred in the 1800s, however, by Sir Duke Karl August of Weimar in Germany. The Saint Hubert, French hounds, Shorthaired Pointers, Spanish Pointers, Bloodhounds and German Schweisshunds are all thought to be a part of the Weimaraner's ancestry. Originally they were bred to be used to stalk deer and to hunt bear and wild boar in the Thuringian forest of Germany. But soon, the breed's use turned to bird hunting. Thus, the Weim was crossed with "huenerhunden" in order to affirm their bird dog characteristics. Weimaraners are believed to be a partial progenitor to the Vizsla breed. Although a few came out to the U.S. before the War, they made an impact in the U.S. and Canada after the Second World War. When the breed was first introduced to America there was a lot of widespread rumor that this breed was naturally an exquisite hunter and naturally that good at obedience. Unfortunately, the Weim requires great training, such as any animal, to ensure the best abilities, and the public soon found this out. Many owners of the "Silver Ghost" suddenly became aware that they did not come pre-trained. The breed did not gain popularity in the UK until the 1950s, but today he is an actively popular breed in both areas.

First Registered by the AKC: 1943
AKC Group: Sporting
Class: Gundog
Registries: AKC, ANKC (Group 3), CKC (Group 1), FCI (Group 7), KC (GB), UKC (Gun Dogs), NZKC (Gundogs)

Volpino Italiano

2008-01-28T10:50:00.002-08:00

Description: Spitz-type dog were found in the ancient world. Volpino Italiano name meaning "little fox". The Volpino Italiano is known by the Italian royalty for centuries being a special favorite with the ladies. Although this breed strongly resembles the Pomeranian, the Volpino Italiano is much older and has a different background. The Volpino Italianos were kept as guard dogs despite the small size of the breed alerting Mastiffs of an Intruder. Although rare the Volpino Italiano make wonder pets, guard dogs and even may be used as a gun dog if trained properly. Volpino Italianos are friendly affectionate and active.

Other Names: Cane de Quirinale, Italian Spitz

Type: Companion Dog

Height: 10-12in
Weight: 9-11 lbs.

Colors: White, Fawn, Black
Coat: Hair bushy, very long and exceptionally standing-off. Of harsh texture with straight stiff hairs; must never be falling; must be upstanding even when there is not a lot of coat. The body gives the impression of being wrapped up in a muffle, particularly on the neck where the coat forms an abundant collar. The skull is covered with semi-long hairs which hide the base of the ears. Hairs are short on the muzzle. On the ears, the hair is very fine and smooth. The tail is covered with very long hair. On the edges of the hindquarters, the coat forms fringes.

Temperament: Very attached to family environment. Lively, Happy and playful.
With Children: Yes
With Pets: Yes

Watch-dog: High
Guard-dog: Medium

Learning Rate: High

Country of Origin: Italy, Switzerland
History: The Volpino were found throughout the ancient world. Specimens from this group have been found preserved in European peat bogs which anthropologists trace to 4000 BC. The remains with curly tails, foxy heads, and small erect ears have been found dating back over 5,000 years. These little pets wore decorative ivory bracelets and collars.

Group: Utility
Registries: FCI (Group 5), Italian National Kennel Club

Vizsla

2008-01-28T10:50:00.001-08:00

Description: "Vizsla" means alert and responsive in the Hungarian language. They have become popular work, show and companion dogs in the past few years. Robust but lightly built, they are great jumpers and if bored will try to escape from a yard that does not have a sufficiently high fence. Vizslas are the happiest when they have something to do. The Vizsla will adapt to city living, but will require long walks and human companionship as they have enormous stamina. Somewhat sensitive, they need to be handled gently. They are reliable with children and will quickly adapt to family life. Vizslas are medium sized dogs which usually have short, fine hair all over. There is a variation of the breed which has wirehair. Vizslas have long thin ears that are rounded on the ends, and somewhat wrinklable skin. They are almost completely solid gold rust to sandy yellow in color, but sometimes may have patches of white on the chest and feet. They often have a docked tail, and they are lean muscular dogs. The Vizsla makes an attractive pet, both inside and out!

Other Names: Hungarian Vizsla, Magyar Vizsla, Hungarian Pointer, Drotszoru Magyar Vizsla

Height: Females: 21 - 23.5 inches; Males: 22.5 - 25.5 inches.
Weight: 48.5 - 66 lbs.Vizsla

Colors: Solid golden rust, various shades of gold and sandy yellow; small white marks on the chest and feet are acceptable.
Coat: There are two variations of coat short, dense, straight and fine. The Wirehaired is bristly but short and it conforms to the outline of the dog's body, with some beard and brow visible.

Temperament: Vizslas are gentle, responsive, and alert. They are good natured, lively, and affectionate. They can be sensitive but they are excellent hunters. They are quite versatile and trainable, making them an ideal gundog, hunting dog, whatever dog you want! They are good with children, get along with other animals, and are quite obedient. Vizslas, although versatile, do not adapt to dramatic changes easily. They can do well in hot desert areas, however, as they originally started out in a hot central plain of Hungary.
With Children: Yes, usually gets along with children.
With Pets: Yes, usually gets along well with other household animals.
Special Skills: Hunting dog and family pet.

Watch-dog: High. "Alert" is their middle name, or first name in this case. "Vizsla" in Hungarian means "alert and responsive".
Guard-dog: Low.

Care and Exercise: Brush the Vizsla's shorthaired coat with a firm bristle brush regularly and dry shampoo them occasionally. Keep the nails trimmed and in good condition. It is best to give them plenty of opportunity to run off leash and regular daily walks as they are an energetic breed that needs exercise to feel both physically and mentally happy. They need plenty of exercise, and owners are warned not to create a lazy dog out of your Vizsla pup.
Training: Basic training should be introduced as a puppy. Early contact with people is needed. Vizslas are easy to train as they try to please their owners. Harsh training techniques can ruin the Vizsla, as they can be sensitive. Consistency in training is best for this breed.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - Medium. This breed is intelligent and quite good at obedience.

Activity: Indoors - Low. Outdoors - High.
Special Needs: Attention, exercise, a job or activity to do, and positive training.
Living Environment: The Vizsla is best suited for country living as they do not do as well in a city or suburban life but will adapt if sufficient exercise is given. However, they are not the best at adapting, either. Owners need to make their authority clear from the beginning but in a positive way. They would make a great companion for a hunter or a jogger. The best owner for this breed would be an active owner living in a rural environment.

Health Issues: Hip dysplasia, skin problems, allergies, cancer, eye problems, thyroid disorders, von Willebrand's disease and epilepsy.

Life Span: 11 - 14 years.
Litter Size: 6 - 8 puppies.

Country of Origin: Hungary
History: Also known as the Hungarian Pointer, Hungarian Vizsla or Magyar Vizsla, the Vizsla may trace their ancestry back to the Magyars who invaded Hungary from the east. They are actually thought to have existed for at least a thousand years. Etched portrayals of Vizsla-type dogs have been carved in stone from centuries past, as well as manuscripts mentioning them from the 14th century. Vizslas descended from the Turkish Yellow Dog, the Transylvania Hound and the Weimaraner. They were once used to hunt on the vast plains of Hungary, called the Puszta, where game birds and hare lived. Because of this they do well in hot dry weather. Like almost all other breeds, the Vizslas numbers went down dramatically after World War I & II and they almost went extinct. The breed had many emigrants take them into different countries, and thus spread the breed all around. Thanks to fanciers' exhaustive work, the Vizsla's numbers have risen again. They were only known in Hungary until after World War II when they were brought into other countries. In 1960 they were accepted by the AKC. Today they have become a popular house dog and hunting dog in the United States and elsewhere.

First Registered by the AKC: 1960
AKC Group: Sporting
Class: Gundog
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 7), KC (GB), UKC

Treeing Walker Coonhound

2008-01-28T10:49:00.002-08:00

Description: The Treeing Walker Coonhound is an exceptionally intelligent breed of coonhound that has an excellent nose and strong desire to hunt. They are a medium to large sized dog that almost looks like a large Beagle. They come in tricolors of white, tan and black or brown. They have catlike feet, a deep chest and a long tail. With medium length ears and dark eyes, the Treeing Walker Coonhound charms its way into the hearts of owners all over the U.S. They are very intelligent dogs, and are known for manipulating the environment to serve their needs. Treeing Walker Coonhounds are also very loving and greatly enjoy being near you. Outside or anywhere, however, they are very energetic and outgoing - always ready for a hunt or a scent. When on a scent, they don't bat an eyelash to their owners and simply follow their nose. But they are easy to train, when they listen to the training. Confident, gentle and friendly, the Treeing Walker Coonhound is a breed one won't soon likely forget.

Type: Hound

Height: 20 - 27 inches.
Weight: 45 - 70 lbs.

Colors: Tricolors in white, black and tan, or brown. Tricolors are preferred but bicolors are allowed. Some dogs are white with tan spots or white with black spots.
Coat: Short, smooth, and glossy.

Temperament: The Treeing Walker Coonhound is excellent at hunting and has great scenting abilities. They have a choppy voice. They are intelligent, loving, eager to please but high strung. They may be very energetic. The Treeing Walker Coonhound is confident and brave, having speed and drive for the hunt. They are outgoing, energetic, and they get along with almost anyone. They are also very gentle, and they like to sleep in bed with you if they can! They are relatively easy to train but stubborn once on a trail. They have been known to manipulate their surroundings in order to accomplish something, such as arranging furniture in order to jump up on something. They are an intelligent breed with excellent problem solving skills. They like to dig if they have something to bury.

With Children: Yes, they are good with children.
With Pets: Yes, they along well with other dogs and work with them.

Watch-dog: Medium. They are effective as a watch dog and have a choppy voice to boot.
Guard-dog: Low. This breed is friendly to everyone.

Tree Walker Coonhound Care and Exercise: The Treeing Walker Coonhound should be occasionally brushed and bathed in order to remove dead hair and dirt. Low maintenance is all this breed requires. This breed should be exercised regularly to keep them in shape for hunting, as they have a strong desire to hunt and need the exercise.

Training: When training a Treeing Walker Coonhound one should be very to help them avoid every loophole possible. These dogs can be particularly intelligent when it comes to undermining your command.

Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Medium. They are easily trained, yet like any hound, they lose all response to their owners when on a scent. Problem Solving - High.

Activity: High.
Special Needs: Exercise, fenced yard, and a leash.
Living Environment: This breed requires exercise to keep in shape, and does better in the country. They are not suitable for an apartment. The best owner for this breed would be an active owner living in a rural or suburban environment.

Tree Walker Coonhound Health Issues: There are no known health conditions particular to this breed.

Life Span: 12 - 13 years.
Litter Size: 7 - 8 puppies.

Country of Origin: United States
Tree Walker Coonhound History: The Treeing Walker Coonhound has had a longer history than some other coonhounds. This breed came from the English Foxhound and the English Walker foxhounds. English Walker foxhounds came to America around 1742, and were developed by a man named Thomas Walker, who was from Virginia. From these beginnings came different "Virginia hounds". The English Foxhounds were imported to the United States by George Washington, no less. In the 1800s a dog of unknown origin that seemed like a foxhound but had an intense work drive was crossed with the Walker hounds. The offspring of these hounds produced what is now known as the Treeing Walker Coonhound. Having a hot nose, excellent game sense, drive, speed, and a chop mouth, the Treeing Walker Coonhound has been said to be the best coonhound there is. Although a hound, this breed specializes in raccoon and opossum. In 1945 the Treeing Walker Coonhound split from the English Coonhound breed. Today they are still on the Foundation Stock Service list in the Hound Group.

First Registered by the AKC: FSS (Foundation Stock Service - not yet eligible for the AKC)
AKC Group: Hound Group
Class: Miscellaneous
Registries: UKC

Treeing Tennessee Brindle

2008-01-28T10:49:00.001-08:00

Description: The Treeing Tennessee Brindle is another variation of the coonhounds of America. They are smaller than other coonhounds, however, and only range from around 16 to 24 inches. They have catlike paws, and a choppy bawl for a bark. With small ears and a brindle body, this breed is discouraged from changing size, ear length, tail, or colors so that it doesn't also change category. Treeing Tennessee Brindles are good at open trailing and locating prey. Courageous hunters and companions, the Treeing Tennessee Brindle is said to have an abundance of "heart and try." They are a sensitive breed, however, and owners warn never to mistreat the breed. This breed can be more sensitive than normal toward neglect or abuse, and it is thought that once you mistreat them they will never treat you the same again. They are good natured and friendly dogs, getting along with anyone and everyone. This breed is intelligent, alert, and vocal. They love to bark because it is usually their job. The Treeing Tennessee Brindle is a an American breed with a strong work drive and friendly demeanor.

Type: Hound

Height: 16 - 24 inches.
Weight: 30 - 50 lbs.

Colors: Brindle or black with a brindle trim. They can also have small white markings on the chest and feet.
Coat: Short, smooth and dense.

Temperament: Treeing Tennessee Brindles are friendly and active dogs. They get along well with other dogs, as they are usually used to hunt with other dogs. They are also friendly almost any person. Easygoing and good-natured, this breed is also a very hard worker. They are intelligent, alert, and affectionate. This breed is more sensitive to treatment than most other dogs. It is believed of their hearts that, "You can take it out, but you can never put it back." When choosing a puppy, the best personality would be a pup who is bold, happy, confident, and inquisitive. The Treeing Tennessee Brindle is also very vocal.

With Children: Yes, they get along well with children.
With Pets: Yes, good with other pets.

Watch-dog: High. The breed standard for the Treeing Tennessee Brindle describes it as alert.
Guard-dog: Low. Although they may appear threatening, this breed is very friendly.

Care and Exercise: The Treeing Tennessee Brindle should be occasionally brushed and bathed in order to remove dead hair and dirt. Low maintenance is all this breed requires. This breed should be exercised regularly to keep them in shape for hunting, as they have a strong desire to hunt.

Training: When training a Treeing Tennessee Brindle one should be very careful not to abuse them in any way. These dogs can be particularly sensitive, and may never trust you again if abused. The best way to train this breed is by positive, loving reinforcement that is consistent.
Learning Rate: Medium. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - Medium.

Activity: High.
Special Needs: Exercise, fenced yard, and a leash.
Living Environment: This breed requires exercise to keep in shape, and does better in the country. They are not suitable for an apartment. The best owner for this breed would be an active owner living in a rural or suburban environment.

Health Issues: There are no known health problems particular to this breed.

Life Span: 12 - 13 years.
Litter Size: Unknown.

Country of Origin: United States
History: The history behind the Treeing Tennessee Brindle is not a long one. Only in the last 50 or so years have they actually separated into a different breed and begun to be recognized. Hounds of all types existed from the Appalachian Mountains to the Ozark Mountains, from whence many other breeds came too. A dog came from this that was smaller in size, had a brindle color and shorter ears. In the early 1960s, Reverend Earl Phillips was interested in the variation of treeing dog and began writing articles on it. He wrote a column for the national hunting dog magazine, and in doing so learned a great deal about the Brindle. Readers began to write about their own dogs, commenting on how their Brindle dogs were excellent hunters with good treeing ability, good nose, brave and a good companion. At the time there were plenty of people promoting Mountain Cur dogs, but none who were specifically promoting the Brindle. In 1967 Phillips called on the people who were interested in the breed and suggested they create a club for the breed. The Treeing Tennessee Brindle Breeders Association began on March 21, 1967. Later, advocates applied for the Brindle to be in the AKC, and it is still on the Foundation Stock Service list today.

First Registered by the AKC: FSS (Foundation Stock Service - not yet eligible for the AKC)
AKC Group: Hound Group
Class: Miscellaneous
Registries: UKC

Toy Poodle

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Description: Identical to the Standard and Miniature Poodle except in height, they are a descendant of the Miniature Poodle. The Toy Poodle is a dainty, sensitive little dog who make perfect pets for a less active person who has time to pamper these natural little clowns and be amused by their quaint antics. Well proportioned and squarely built, the Toy Poodle was bred down from the Miniature Poodle. They are an intelligent breed with a delicate disposition and are very easy to train, the easiest of all the Poodles. Toy Poodles are delightful, good natured, and lively dogs. The Poodle makes an excellent family pet who will adapt to any situation and will try anything an owner wants. Toy Poodles are an efficient choice for the owner who wants an obedient dog. They are affectionate with their family, a little wary with strangers, but still accepting of them. They love to be around family and friends, and should not be left alone for long periods of time. Toy Poodles are more sensitive than the Standard Poodle, but still get along well with other animals and children. They come in any solid color, and have very curly, thick fur. Poodles have natural drop ears and a puff of fur on top of the head. Not only do they have an infectious personality, but their hypoallergenic coat is non-shedding. Toy Poodles are bright, perky little dogs who are easy to train and eager to please.

Other Names: Caniche

Type: Companion Dog

Height: 10 inches or smaller.
Weight: 4 - 8 lbs.Toy Poodle

Colors: They come in all solid colors, while clear colors are generally preferred.
Coat: Very profuse, curly and dense with a good harsh texture.

Temperament: Toy Poodles are loyal, sociable, happy and good tempered. Toy Poodles are lively, quick to mimic and learn. They are highly intelligent and very obedient. Toy Poodles love to be around humans and are not good for kenneling. They are good with other pets and children, but wary with strangers, although they do warm up to them. They are friendly and affectionate, and are slightly more sensitive than their Standard siblings. Toys have a spring in their step and are well-mannered dogs. They are peppy and easier to train than their counterparts. Responsive, alert, sensitive and eager to please describes this breed. They may bark a lot, but they are devoted to their family.

With Children: Yes, if children are older and do not rough-house. This breed is fragile.

With Pets: Yes, they are social and playful with other pets.

Special Skills: Family pet.

Watch-dog: Very High. These dogs are highly alert and will let you know if something unusual is happening.
Guard-dog: Very Low.

Care and Exercise: The Toy Poodles' coat grows rapidly and should be shampooed and brushed every week. Frequent trips to the canine beauty parlor should be part of their routine. Careful attention should be paid to the ears and teeth. Toy Poodles can be exercised indoors or in a fenced yard, but they will also enjoy a walk on a leash.

Training: Quick to learn, Toy Poodles need a gentle but consistent approach to training.

Learning Rate: Very High. Toy Poodles are very intelligent. Obedience - Very High. Problem Solving - Very High. The training and learning abilities of this breed have made it a popular show dog and companion.

Activity: Very High.
Special Needs: Attention, grooming, protection from predators and rough play, socialization, some exercise and training.
Living Environment: Apartment living is fine if enough exercise is given. The Toy Poodle is adaptable to the city or suburbs. The best owner for this breed would be a gentle owner living in the city or suburban area.

Health Issues: Subject to dislocated knees, epilepsy, diabetes, Addison's disease, Cushing's disease, hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism, Legg-Perthes disease, von Willebrand's disease, genetic eye diseases, PRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy), and bloat.

Life Span: 14 - 17 years, if healthy. This breed is known to have a long life span.
Litter Size: 2 - 5 puppies.

Country of Origin: France
History: The Toy Poodle is the smallest version of the Poodle. France is where the Toy was bred down in size from the Miniature. Toy Poodles are believed to have originated in either Germany or Russia where the standard poodle was used foremost as a water retriever. The word poodle comes from the German pudelin for the splash made by an oar hitting water. Another name for the Poodle is Chien Canard, which means "duck dog". They share common ancestors with the Irish Water Spaniel, and were originally used as a gundog and retriever. Their original purpose hardly goes in line with what they are used for today: shows. Poodles have become the iconic breed of dog shows to most people, though the Toy Poodle is much more of a companion than a performer today. Originally used in Germany and France as a retriever of waterfowl in their "standard" size, they were later favored by circus performers for their comic appearance and the ease of training. The Miniature and the Toy have both been found in seventeenth century paintings, and are known to have been popular with European aristocracy. Louis XVI owned a Poodle, as well as Queen Anne of England. In the 18th and 19th centuries the breed performed in numerous circuses, and known as a circus breed. In one circus a Poodle named "Domini" was thought to be able to tell time and play dominos. Poodles were also used to seek out truffles, an edible fungus. They are still one of the most popular breeds in many countries today.

First Registered by the AKC: 1887
AKC Group: Toy Group
Class: Non-Sporting
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 9), KC(GB), UKC

Toy Manchester Terriers

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Description: The Toy Manchester Terriers (or English Toy Terrier) were registered as separate breeds until 1959 when they became a single breed with the Manchester Terrier with two varieties, the Toy and the Standard. It should be noted that the Toy Manchester may not have their ears cropped as their larger counterparts can. They are a Toy breed with definite terrier characteristics which make them devoted pets who are faithful to their owners. The Toy Manchester Terrier enjoys the comforts of home and should be given a soft bed to lay down in. This breed is thought to be a contributing progenitor to several other breeds. Both have cropped erect ears or naturally drop ears. They have hardly a stop at all on the face, and come in colors of black and tan. They have the usual Doberman markings. Toy Manchester Terriers are a true terrier: inquisitive, alert and keen to investigate and look into everything. Although, they are said to be less active than the normal terrier. They have a long lifespan, a moderate activity level and a good watchdog bark. They are intelligent, one-person dogs. they can, however, be difficult to train and do not readily obey their owners. They cannot be trusted around small animals either, as they have a high prey drive. Despite this, Manchester Terriers are easy to care for, clean, alert and make excellent companions.

Other Names:Toy Manchester English Toy Terrier

Type: Terrier

Height for Toy Variety: 8 - 13 inches.
Weight for Toy Variety: 7 - 12 lbs.

Colors: Jet black and rich tan.
Coat: Close, smooth, short, and glossy.

Temperament: Toy Manchester Terriers are lively and attentive. This breed is more suited for being watchdog than the typical terrier. They are less active than most terriers, are wary with strangers and aggressive with other animals. With family, they are affectionate, gentle and playful. They like the comforts of being inside, such as something soft to sleep on. Toy Manchester Terriers are alert and untrustworthy with small animals. Like a terrier, however, they like to dig, bark and protect their food and toys. Although sensitive to their family, they can be tough when the need be.

With Children: Yes, but they may not tolerate the hectic activity of young children.

With Pets: No, they may be overly aggressive to other dogs and are untrustworthy with small ones.

Watch-dog: High. The English Toy Terrier is a good alert watch-dog, as they are suspicious of strangers.
Guard-dog: Medium. This is a small dog, but they can be tough when they need to be.

Care and Training: Toy Manchester Terriers are easy to care for as all they require is a daily brushing or a rub down to give their coat a shine. Bathe only when necessary. Nails should be trimmed periodically. They can obtain their exercise in a small area, but they do enjoy a good run. The Toy Manchester Terrier should be socialized at a young age.

Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Low. Problem Solving - High. Intelligent as they are, they still retain the stubborn obedience of the typical terrier.

Activity: Medium.
Special Needs: Socialization and training.
Living Environment: Toy Manchester Terriers adapt well to either apartment or country living. They do need to be with their people and should not be kenneled. They also make a good companion for the elderly as they enjoy being a one person dog. The best owner for this breed would be anyone, anywhere. They adapt well to active or sedentary people, and can survive well in the city or country.

Health Issues: Sensitivity to the sun, cold and damp weather, deterioration of the ball of hip, possible skin ailments, fractures, slipped stifle, glaucoma, and von Willebrand's disease.

Life Span: 10 - 11 years.
Litter Size: 3 - 5 puppies.

Country of Origin: Great Britain
History: Manchester Terriers were originally known as the Black and Tan Terrier in the 16th century in England, and have been referred to as such even today. At one time they were called the "Gentleman's Terrier", since Manchester was a poor town in England, this breed's name was not very popular. Though, later they were officially named Manchester Terrier in 1923. They were used as a ratter and a companion dog back then, and were extremely efficient at their job. Putting a terrier in a box full of rats was a popular spectator sport in the 19th century, especially in Manchester of northern England. One record-making Manchester named "Billy" was set in a box with 100 rats in it, and given a time limit of 8 and 1/2 minutes. He killed all 100 rats in nearly 6 minutes! It took him only 3 and a half seconds to kill each rat. The Manchester Terrier may have been produced by crossing the Whippet, Italian Greyhound, Doberman, Dachshund, possibly King Charles Spaniel and other terriers such as the White English Terrier. The Toy version of the breed was produced by breeding the smallest of the Manchester Terriers. They are both identical except for size. During Queen Victoria's reign, the breed was miniaturized to the extent of receiving poor health and pathetic results. At this time it was not uncommon to see Manchesters of two and a half pounds, full grown! When problems of normalcy became apparent, people stopped breeding for smallness and the breed regained it's health. In 1889 ear cropping was outlawed, as well as pitting rats against dogs, and the breed's popularity declined. Because of ear cropping, breeders did not worry about the size of ear when breeding Manchester Terriers, thus making it quite difficult to get a Manchester of correct ear size and markings for show after the ear cropping ban. Fortunately for the Toy, ear cropping is not allowed on this breed. The Manchester and Toy Manchester were considered one breed until 1959 when the AKC declared them to be separate varieties of an interbreeding breed.

First Registered by the AKC: 1887
AKC Group: Toy
Class: Terrier
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 3), KC (GB), UKC

Toy Fox Terrier

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Description: The Toy Fox Terrier, also known as the AmerToy or the American Toy Terrier, are so small they can be carried in one arm. Toy Fox Terriers remain playful most of their lives. Their comical antics can entertain you for hours, as they were once used as circus dogs. Toy Fox Terriers are bold and curious, exhibiting their intelligence with easy training. Despite their diminished size they are courageous and are not intimidated by other pets. They do accept other dogs, however, and get along with children who are not rough with them. Toy Fox Terriers make a wonderful indoor companion, obtaining most of their exercise from run of the house. Generally they are a one person or one family dog. A miniature of the Smooth Fox Terrier, Toy Fox Terriers are square in body shape and have tall prick ears that are always on the alert for new sounds. They generally come in colors of Tricolor, Chocolate, or Tan and White. They have large black eyes and a black nose. The Amertoy's tail may be docked or kept. A dog adaptable and small enough to fit into almost anyone's lifestyle, the American Toy Terrier is a lovely companion who can live anywhere from an apartment to the suburbs.

Other Names: American Toy Terrier, AmerToy

Type: Terrier

Height: 8.5 - 11 inches.
Weight: 3.5 - 7 lbs.

Colors: Tricolor. White and black, white and tan, white, chocolate and tan, all of them will have a predominant color on the head and at least 50% white on the body.
Coat: Short, satiny and shiny; fine in texture and smooth to the touch.

Temperament: Toy Fox Terriers are self-possessed, spirited and determined. They are intelligent, bold and athletic. Having the mind of a terrier, they are highly inquisitive and playful. They remain playful all of their life. Small as they are, they are still rather hardy and easily trained. They enjoy being around their humans, and can adapt to their human's lifestyle by being active or sedentary. They are not as active or high-strung as the Jack Russell Terrier.
With Children: They get along, but are not recommend for small children because of their size.
With Pets: Yes, they will accept other dogs into the family.

Watch-dog: High. "Not a fearful bone in their body".
Guard-dog: Low. This is a very small breed.

Care and Exercise: Occasionally bathe the Toy Fox Terrier when necessary. Trim toe nails when necessary. The occasional brush is needed to remove dead hairs, but care is minimal. Superior intelligence makes them easy to house train. Minimal exercise is required as they will generally self-exercise themselves. But if you wish to exercise with them, they should have a quick walk and a play session every day.

Activity: High.
Special Needs: Socialization, training, and a fenced yard.
Living Environment: Toy Fox Terriers are equally at home in a house or apartment or condo. They are not a completely outdoor dog. They may need a sweater in cold weather. They do adapt well to different people, active or sedentary, and make a great pet for the elderly or disabled. The best owner for this breed would be an owner living in the city or suburbs.

Health Issues: Allergies, Legg-Perthes disease, and patellar luxation.

Life Span: 13 - 14 years.
Litter Size: 2 - 3 puppies.

Country of Origin: England
History: Their immediate ancestors are the larger Smooth Fox Terriers. The original Fox Terrier breed standard was established in England in 1876 indicating a size of 18 to 20 lbs. Owners of the Fox Terrier found the smallest (runts) pups who were the scrappiest of the bunch and bred them with toy terriers, such as the Manchester Terrier, Chihuahua and possibly the Italian Greyhound. The Toy Fox Terrier was created in the 1900s. These smaller dog were developed and eventually were found in the seven-pound range, and were used for hunting smaller vermin, but equally good at it. The Smooth Fox Terrier had already been registered, and until 1936 the Toy Fox Terrier was registered under the same title of Smooth Fox Terrier by the United Kennel Club. In 1936 the breed obtained its own recognition with the UKC, and nearly 65 years later was registered with the American Kennel Club. The reason this breed is also called the American Toy Terrier even though they are originally from England is because after the Smooth Fox Terrier was developed in England, they brought it to America, thus perpetuating the Toy Fox Terrier there as well. The Toy Fox Terrier was one of the most popular non-AKC breeds in the U.S. before it was registered. Today they are used by farmers, as companions, and as helpers for the disabled.

First Registered by the AKC: 2001
AKC Group: Toy Group
Class: Terrier
Registries: UKC (Terriers), AKC, CKC

Tosa

2008-01-28T10:47:00.002-08:00

Description: The Tosa Ken, a strong, powerful and massive breed native to Japan, is a popular fighting dog. They have been bred over the years in Japan simply for that purpose, to compete in traditional dog fights. Therefore, these tough Mastiffs were honored for not offering the slightest whimper when fighting to the death. Other than those aspects, the Tosa Ken is a quiet, reserved and loyal breed. Their first priority is to their family, and they remain affectionate and kind. They welcome friends they know, but to strangers they stay aloof. Japanese Tosa are dog aggressive and should always be kept away from other pets unless they have been raised with them. They are devoted, trainable and well-behaved. Tosas are big dogs, muscular and with the typical Mastiff face. One thing they lack that most Mastiffs posses is constant drooling. They have strong forelimbs an drop, triangular ears. Their colors are prized for red, however, they also come in tan, brindle, dull black, or fawn. They often have a black mask and white on the chest and paws. This powerful breed is an excellent guard and watchdog, coupled with the ability to be affectionate and loyal to its family.

Other Names: Tosa Ken, Tosa Inu, Tosa-Token, Japanese Fighting Dog and Japanese Mastiff.

Type: Mastiff

Height: 22 - 25.5 inches.
Weight: 90 - 200 lbs.

Colors: Tan with or without markings in a different shade of tan, or tan markings on white. They can also be red, brindle, dull black, and fawn. They often have a black mask.
Coat: Short, smooth and hard. The red color is the most preferred. They often have white on the chest and feet.

Temperament: Tosa Kens are quiet and reserved inside the home. They are affectionate and friendly with family. They are more aloof with strangers, however, and can be used as an excellent guard dog. They can be dog aggressive, however. They are devoted to their family. Tosas are trainable, excellent fighters, agile and athletic. They are well behaved at home and a protective companion. They are happy to greet friends and family, but suspicious of strangers. They do not like being left alone, and should not be left in a kennel. They bark only when necessary, and are brave and intelligent. The Tosa are also a patient breed.

With Children: Yes, they get along with children, but should be supervised.

With Pets: No, the Tosa is dog-aggressive. They only do well with animals with which they were raised.
Special Skills: Fighting dog and family guard.

Watch-dog: High.
Guard-dog: High. This breed is a good guard against strangers as well as strange animals, being naturally aggressive toward other dogs and aloof toward strangers.

Care and Exercise: The Tosa Inu does not require a lot of exercise, only an average amount. If given a yard and a place to roam, they will get all the exercise they need. The coat is easy to care for, only needing a brush every once in a while to remove dead hairs. This breed does not drool like many other Mastiff-type breeds, making maintenance very low.
Training: The Tosa Ken is sensitive to the tone of your voice, and should be trained accordingly. They need very consistent, friendly training.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - High.

Activity: Indoors - Low to Medium. Outdoors - High.
Special Needs: Attention, socialization, and training.
Living Environment: The Tosa Inu will do better with a dog-experienced person. This is likely a person who is firm and dominant mentally and physically. The best owner for this breed would be an owner living in a rural or suburban home.

Health Issues: Eye problems, hip and elbow dysplasia, and bloat. Bloat is a common health issue to most dogs, being the second biggest killer of dogs other than cancer. It is also referred to as twisted stomach or gastric torsion.

Life Span: 10 - 12 years.
Litter Size: 6 - 12 puppies.

Country of Origin: Japan
History: Brave and majestic, the Tosa Inu came from a land devoted to the breed's strength and ability to fight to the death without so much as a whimper. They were only developed after 1854, when Commodore Perry visited Japan. This visit connected Japan to the Western World and opened up trade, thus allowing other countries to experience the Tosa. The Tosa is thought to be a mix of the indigenous breeds such as the Shikoku and foreign breeds such as the Great Dane, German Pointer, Bulldogs and Mastiffs. This led to the sumo-wrestler of Japanese dogs, the Tosa Ken. Ceremonial dog fighting was a big part of the Japanese culture, and thus the Tosa was an ideal breed for this. They are still used for that very purpose to this day. They were trained with whips to not whine or whimper in a fight, even to the death. The dogs would be in a parade on their route to the dog fighting ring, wearing colorful traditional dress. As with many breeds, the Tosa was devastated after World War II. The best of the breed was sent to northern Japan to be bred. In time, the breed was standardized and revived again. Today they exist in places other than Japan such as the U.S. and Germany, but they serve as guards in those countries.

First Registered by the AKC: FSS (Foundation Stock Service - not yet eligible for the AKC)
AKC Group: Working Group
Class: Miscellaneous Class
Registries: FCI (Group 2), UKC (Guarding Dog)

Tibetan Terrier

2008-01-28T10:47:00.001-08:00

Description: The Tibetan Terrier is not really a terrier at all, just as the Tibetan Spaniel is not a spaniel at all. They are appealing, shaggy little dogs who are devoted to their owners and to children. Tibetan Terriers are persistent, resourceful, and like to have a reminder of their humans around. They can be wary and reserved with strangers, however. Along with intelligence and a good nature, they are loyal and affectionate with family and friends. They are very friendly and get along well with anyone they meet. Friendly with children and animals, this breed is quite adaptable. A unique-looking breed, the
Tibetan Terrier is a true herding dog. They are a medium sized breed that is powerfully built. Its ears, hidden beneath the heavy coat, are pendulant and dropped. Tibetan Terriers were made for the snow, having particularly interesting round, large, flat feet. They have a shaggy outer appearance that can be any color or combination of colors. Floppy and fun, the Tibetan Terrier is a breed worth considering.

Other Names: Dhokhi Apso

Type: Guardian Dog

Height: 14 - 17 inches.
Weight: 18 - 30 lbs.Tibetan Terrier

Colors: Any color or combination of colors, being white, gray, black, golden, with or without tan.
Coat: Soft, woolly undercoat; long, fine outer coat that can be straight or wavy. The fur often covers the face unless trimmed or brushed away.

Temperament: Tibetan Terriers are friendly, alert, and affectionate with their families. They are reserved with strangers, but usually get along with everyone. They are good with children as well as other pets. Loyal, intelligent and good-natured, the Tibetan Terrier is the quintessential shaggy dog. They were used for herding in the past. Playful, they have been known to play with objects like a cat, batting at them, holding and grasping balls. They can be stubborn dogs, and do not do well in obedience. But, they make a cheery housepet to play with.
With Children: Yes, good with children if children do not pester them.
With Pets: Yes, but they need to be socialized to cats at a young age.
Special Skills: Family Pet

Watch-dog: Very High. This breed has developed over the years as a herding breed, alerting Tibetan Mastiffs to danger.
Guard-dog: Medium.

Care and Exercise: Special attention and regular grooming to the Tibetan Terrier's heavy double coat is required. Use a metal comb to keep them free of tangles. Shedding is twice a year. Bathe with a mild shampoo or dry shampoo only when necessary. Clean the ears and trim around the eyes. Daily regular exercise for the Tibetan Terrier is needed as a play session or a walk.
Training: Tibetan Terriers are easy to train but need a calm, equal manner as they are sensitive to sounds and will react to the the tone of your voice.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Low. Problem Solving - Medium. Although intelligent, the Tibetan Terrier is not prone to obeying much as other dogs.

Activity: Indoor - High. Outdoor - Medium.
Special Needs: Attention, grooming, moderate exercise, positive training, and socialization.
Living Environment: An apartment is adequate if sufficient exercise is given. The owner of a Tibetan Terrier should be a patient leader who desires an active, sensitive companion. This breed is very adaptable to different places, ranging from the city to suburban to a country environment.

Health Issues: Hip dysplasia, lens luxation, hypothyroidism, PRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy), and eye diseases.

Life Span: 12 -15 years.
Litter Size: 5 - 8 puppies.

Country of Origin: Tibet
History: Native to remote sections of the high Himalayas, the Tibetan Terrier is the result of more than 1000 years of natural adaptation to some of the harshest, most variable climate and geography in the world. They are thought to have come from the North KunLun Mountain Dog and the Inner Mongolian Dog, believed to resemble the Russian Owtcharkas. They were used for herding and guarding. They were known to hop down on the backs of sheep into narrow crevices to aid shepherds, as recorded by Margareta Sundqvist. They worked side by side with the Tibetan Mastiff, alerting them to strangers. The Tibetan Terrier was also used for guarding the monasteries of the Lost Valley. They are believed to be around 2000 years old. This breed was highly regarded and thought to be holy, thus only given as a gift and never sold. They are actually thought to be the progenitors of the Lhasa Apso. They are also thought to be related to the Puli, as the Tibetan Terrier was brought into Europe by the Magyars. Unknown until about 70 years ago, they are still somewhat of a rarity in the Western countries. The first Tibetan Terriers were brought to England by a physician named H.R. Grieg after she saved the life of a person who consequently gave her one of these dogs as a gift. India has recognized the Tibetan Terrier since 1920, and England since 1937, while the U.S. has taken until 1973 to recognize the breed.

First Registered by the AKC: 1973
AKC Group: Non-Sporting
Class: Non-Sporting
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 9), KC (GB), UKC

Tibetan Spaniel

2008-01-28T10:46:00.002-08:00

Description: Despite the name Spaniel, the Tibetan Spaniel is not related to spaniels and is not known to have been used as a hunting companion or gundog. They are related to the Pekingese and Japanese Chin Dogs. Tibetan Spaniels are small dogs who are longer than they are tall. Their muzzle is wrinkle free, unlike some of the breeds it is related to. The ears are small and medium size and hang down. Their well-feathered tail is high on the back end and curls over the back. They have silky fur and is double coated and medium in length. The fur is ruffed around the neck and profuse towards the backs of the legs and tail, and they come in all different colors. Tibbies, as they are sometimes called, are very eager to please and chipper. They are a breed who love comfort and companionship and display a charming, good nature. Tibetan Spaniels live to play and are heartier than their size may suggest. They can be wary with strangers, though, and will bark until they are noticed. They are good with almost everyone, however, and get along with dogs and other pets as well. Perfect for children, this breed has been described as catlike. This affectionate, family oriented dog is certainly a delightful choice for any family.

Other Names: Tibbies

Type: Guardian Dog

Height: 9 - 11 inches.
Weight: 9 - 15 lbs.Tibetan Spaniel

Colors: All solid colors and mixtures are permissible.
Coat: Moderately long and silky in texture; shorter on the face and fronts of the legs; there is feathering on the ears, backs of legs and tail.

Temperament: Tibetan Spaniels are intelligent and assertive. They are very eager to please, and get along well with everyone, except maybe the occasional other female dog. They are cheery, affectionate and family-oriented. They make delightful watchdogs, barking to alert unusual things. The Tibetan Spaniel is hardy, though small; they are not as fragile as Chihuahuas. They are playful and loving companions.
With Children: Yes, good with children, they make a splendid house pet.
With Pets: Yes, good with cats and other dogs, and they can learn to accept exotic birds. There could be some female-to-female aggression in certain groups.
Special Skills: Family pet.

Watch-dog: High. The Tibetan Spaniel is aloof with strangers and will bark long enough to attract attention.
Guard-dog: LowTibetan Spaniel.

Care and Training: Regular brushing of the Tibetan Spaniel's silky coat will keep it clean and free of mats. Extra care needs to be taken during seasonal shedding. Trim the hair between the pads of the feet, trim the nails, clean the ears and teeth. Bathe only when necessary. The Tibetan needs routine walks and runs as they love to romp outdoors and do their best when they have received a lot of exercise. Sometimes stubborn, the Tibetan Spaniel may be hard to housebreak. They will benefit from obedience training. Puppies need to be handled when they are young.
Learning Rate: High. They are a smart independent thinkers and will require a creative trainer. Obedience - Medium to Low. These dogs are independent thinkers and like to explore. Problem Solving - High.

Activity: High. But they are not hyperactive.
Special Needs: Moderate grooming and socialization.
Living Environment: The Tibetan Spaniel does not make a good kennel dog. Tibetan Spaniels are an indoor dog who will enjoy a fenced backyard. Care must be taken to have adequate fencing as they has been known to scale chain-link fences. They are adaptable, however, and they will do well in the city or country.

Health Issues: PRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy), cataracts, juvenile kidney disease, patellar luxation, hip dysplasia, and liver shunts.

Life Span: 15 - 16 years.
Litter Size: 2 - 4 puppies.

Country of Origin: Tibet
History: The Tibetan Spaniel is thought to have been around even before Tibet was established in the 7th century, making their past quite obscure. It is not known where this little dog came from, but there are theories that the Tibetan Spaniel was given to a royal in Tibet from a royal in China. These countries often exchanged dogs, trying to breed these little dogs, as well as Pekingese, Foo Dog and others in the likeness of a small lion. Lions were highly regarded in the Buddhist culture, and therefore the ancestors of this breed were very popular among royalty and dalai lamas. Tibetan Spaniels were bred by Buddhist monks for whom they served as companions, watchdogs and prized possessions. Some believe the Tibetan Spaniel was crossed with a Pug to create the Pekingese, and yet there are theories of the opposite happening. The Pekingese, Shih Tzu, Foo Dog, and Tibetan Spaniel are all of the same lineage, but who came first is still a mystery. Known as the "prayer dog" for turning the monks' prayer wheel, they date back to at least 1100 B.C. They may have also been used as hot water bottles. The first Tibetan Spaniel was brought to the United Kingdom in 1905 by F. Wormald. They first appeared in England in the 1890s but did not become popular until the 1950s. It was not until the 1960s that they were brought to Canada, and were accepted by the CKC in 1979. Following suit years later, the breed was accepted by the AKC in 1983.

First Registered by the AKC: 1983
AKC Group: Non-Sporting
Class: Non-Sporting
Registries: AKC, ANKC, CKC, FCI (Group 9), KC (GB), UKC

Tibetan Mastiff

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Description: The Tibetan Mastiff is the largest of the Oriental breeds, it’s a native to Central Asia. The Tibetan Mastiff can be found throughout the Himalayan region. Their prime function has been as guard dogs and herding dogs, but they also make an ideal family companion. Generations of working as a guardian of yak, sheep and, more importantly women and children and requiring always a protector and not a killer has produced a disposition and temperament of controlled strength, initiative, and fearlessness. This is tempered with patience, loyalty, and gentleness. The Tibetan Mastiff has incorporated many attributes: impressive stature, formidable appearance, and great strength. The Tibetan Mastiffs are well built dogs, well muscled and have much substance and bone. The skin on the face hangs down, giving the impression of a long face. Noble and impressive, this large, powerful, heavy dog is of solemn but kindly appearance.

Other Names: Bangara Mastiff, Do-Khyi, Tsang-khyi

Type: Guardian Dog

Height: 22 - 30 inches.
Weight: 75 - 180 lbs.

Colors: Rich black, brown, gold and black/tan, grizzle, sable, blue/tan.
Coat: They have a thick, medium length, double-coat. They have a dense undercoat and a hard, straight outer coat.

Temperament: Tibetan Mastiffs are intelligent, independent, reliable, loyal and strong willed. They can be reserved and independent, often stubborn and dominant. This breed requires a dominant owner. They have been said to have "catlike" behavior. They are very protective, and sometimes interpret unthreatening situations as threatening. They make excellent guards and watchdogs. Tibetan Mastiffs are good and gentle with children, but should be supervised with them, as they can be overprotective. They are used as guards of livestock, but are also equally happy to relax. They are easygoing when not under percieved threat. They can be quite aloof, but they usually enjoy being near their masters most of the time. They are adaptable to temperatures, able to do their job in a show drift or in hot weather.
With Children: Yes, they are good with children, gentle with their own family, but can be overprotective. They can sometimes interpret benign interactions as threatening.
With Pets: Yes, they do well with other pets, they’re not usually dog aggressive.
Special Skills: Protectors and guardians.

Watch-dog: High.
Guard-dog: High. This breed has been bred over the years for this very purpose.

Care and Exercise: Exercise this breed vigorously every day. They should be walked or run. Daily brushing is especially needed during the shedding season, but they should be brushed every day to remove dead hairs anyway.
Training: Socialization and discipline should begin at a very early age. This breed can be stubborn and independent, and thus somewhat difficult to train. They can also interpret benign interactions as threatening, and should be trained in order to avoid these situations.
Learning Rate: High.

Activity: Medium.
Special Needs: Fenced yard, firm training, grooming, leash, and socialization.
Living Environment: Urban civilization, house within a fence, or on a farm. Although used as guardians, they do not make the best fulltime livestock guard. The best owner for this breed would be a firm, dog-experienced owner living in a rural or suburban home.

Health Issues: They have a low susceptibility to illness, but cases of ectropion, entropion, hip and elbow dysplasia, and hypothyroidism have been reported.

Life Span: 10 - 12 years.
Litter Size: 3 - 10 puppies.

Country of Origin: Tibet
History: The Tibetan Mastiff originated in the Himalayan Mountains in certain areas of Tibet and parts of India. The Tibetan Mastiff’s existence has been documented back to 159 A.D. by the Greeks and Romans. The rest of the history of the Tibetan Mastiff is hidden in legend, along with the people of the high Himalayan Mountains and the plains of Central Asia. The Tibetan Mastiffs are considered to be the basic stock from which most modern large working breeds have developed. They first appeared in England in 1847 when Lord Hardinge, Viceroy of India, sent a "large dog from Tibet" called "Siring" to Queen Victoria. The Tibetan Mastiffs were introduced into England Alexandrea Palace Show in 1874 by the Prince of Wales. In 1931 the Tibetan Breeds Association in England was formed by a Mrs. Bailey and the first official standard for the breed was adopted by The Kennel Club. In the late 1950s, two Tibetan Mastiffs were sent from Tibet to President Eisenhower. They were taken to a farm in the Midwest and nothing more was heard of them. Then in 1969, several Tibetan Mastiffs were imported from Nepal and India into the U.S. The American Tibetan Mastiff Association was formed in 1974. Finally in January of 2005, the breed was accepted by the American Kennel Club.

First Registered by the AKC: January 2005
AKC Group: Working Group
Class: Miscellaneous Class
Registries: AKC (Working), ANKC (Group 6), CKC (Miscellaneous), FCI (Group 2), KC(GB), KC(UK) (Working), UKC (Guardian), NZKC (Utility),

Thai Ridgeback

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Description: The Thai Ridgeback is found mainly in Thailand. They are very intelligent dogs, which tend to have a mind of their own. Thai Ridgebacks are independent, somewhat undomesticated, and naturally protective of their own. The Thai Ridgeback is very intelligent and tough. Unfortunate to some, they can often be aggressive with other dogs and with strange people. The Thai Ridgeback is a medium sized dog, it has a wedged-shaped head, pricked ears with a short coat. It’s one of the oldest dog breeds in the world. Thai Ridgebacks have an interesting look to them, looking almost like they have been pushed back into their own skin, making it wrinkly around the neck and face. The Thai Ridgeback can be a variety of colors, being chestnut, red, blue, fawn or black. Some have been white as well, but it is rare. Thought to be the perfect mix of a spitz-type dog and a primitive breed, the Thai Ridgeback is a classic example of the results of isolated breeds. They are only one of three breeds every discovered to have a ridge of hair growing in the opposite direction on the back: the Rhodesian Ridgeback of Africa, and the Phu Quoc Dog of Vietnam. Thai Ridgebacks have up to eight different types of ridges along their backs, and some Ridgebacks are actually born without ridges or with plush coats! With a spotted or completely blue or black tongue, the Thai Ridgeback is truly a unique breed.

Other Names: Mah Thai Lung Ahn, TRD

Height: 18 - 26 inches.
Weight: Females: 37 - 55 lbs.; Males: 51 - 75 lbs.

Color: Light chestnut, red, black, fawn, silver or blue. Some have been recorded as white. All solid colors.
Coat: Very short, smooth and soft, with a ridge of hair growing in the opposite direction along the back.

Temperament: Intelligent and protective dogs, the Thai Ridgebacks have primitive instincts. They can be wary with strangers, and are not averse to a scrap with their fellows as well as people they do not know. They are tough as well, being somewhat undomesticated for many years. They have been known to kill cobras. They are independent. They are excellent jumpers and exercise this trait. They are excellent guard dogs and excellent watch dogs. They do well at hunting as well as simply being a companion. They can be difficult to train, are very active and lively.
With Children: Yes, they are good with children.
With Pets: May be dog aggressive.
Special Skills: Hunting and watchdog. They are very tough and active with excellent jumping and climbing skills.

Watch-dog: High.
Guard-dog: High. This breed has been used in the past mainly as a guard and watch dog.

Care and Exercise: Daily exercise with little grooming such as brushing occasionally will keep the coat looking smooth and remove dead hairs.
Training: Gentle and consistent approach with a dominant owner is needed. This dog can turn aggressive and unmanageable if not raised correctly.
Learning Rate: Medium. They are moderate learners. Obedience - Medium. Trainer should be firm; obedience training is strongly recommended while they are pups. Thai Ridgebacks can be somewhat difficult to train and require a strong leader.

Activity: Medium. They have considerable stamina; they are very active and agile. They are more tentative around strangers.
Special Needs:
Living Environment: The Thai Ridgeback loves to run around in a secure yard, but also enjoys indoor life, making them an excellent choice for a housedog. They do not like cold weather, however, and much prefer warmer temperatures. An apartment is okay as long as they get enough exercise. The best owner for this breed would be a dominant, attentive, experienced owner living in a rural or suburban environment.

Health Issues: Prone to allergies, ear infections and obesity. Some common diseases and disorders are hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism, osteochondrosis, dermoid sinus, and gastric torsion (bloat). Bloat is a deadly health issue to most dogs, being the second largest killer of dogs other than cancer. It is also known as twisted stomach, and dogs with deep chests are more susceptible to it.

Life Span: 8 - 12 years.
Litter Size: Relatively small litters, but the average is 5 puppies.

Country of Origin: Thailand
History of the Thai Ridgeback: Thai Ridgebacks got their name by a ridge growing in the opposite direction to the rest of their coat. They have also been known in Thailand for at least 350 years. They were used by farmers for hunting and as a guard dog, and were once called the "cart-following dog". They are most common in Eastern Thailand, and have rarely seen outside of Thailand. They were kept pure by isolation, and are thought to be related to the Rhodesian Ridgeback of Africa and Phu Quoc Dog of Vietnam. DNA research is being done to determine this. Only until recently did American dog enthusiast Jack Sterling stumble upon the breed in Bangkok and exported a few to to America, more specifically California. Today they are still extremely rare outside of Thailand, and have been placed on the Foundation Stock Service list since 1997. The Dog Association of Thailand is now trying to ensure that the breed will continue to thrive in years to come. They are slowly becoming more common in the United States.

First Registered by the AKC: FSS (Foundation Stock Service - not yet eligible for the AKC)
AKC Group: Hound
Class: Miscellaneous
Registries: UKC on January 20, 1996 as Sighthounds and Pariah Dogs, FCI (Group 5)

Swedish Vallhund

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Description: In its native Sweden, these dogs are called Vasgotaspets, which means "Spitz of the West Goths." Such a powerful name is given to this little dog of great heart. The Swedish Vallhund is not only very friendly but also very eager to please. Loyal and affectionate, these Swedish Cattledogs need plenty of exercise to keep in shape to do as their master asks. They are eager, alert, bold and curious. Energetic, this breed is ideal for children who like to play. The Swedish Vallhund is an intelligent breed and they get along well with other pets and other people. All of this exciting package is wrapped up in a small sized, sturdy spitz type body. They are a rectangular shape, and may be related to the Corgi with their short, long stature and naturally long, bob, or docked tail. The ears are pricked and the coat is double with a thicker undercoat and grey to red coarse outer coat. Swedish Vallhunds have a foxy look to them, with the impression of pride in their expression. For the owner needing a small yet strong, well balanced dog, the Swedish Vallhund is top notch.

Other Names: Vasgotaspets, Swedish Cattledog, Viking Dog, Spitz of the West Goths

Type: Herding Dog

Height: 12 - 16 inches.
Weight: 20 - 35 lbs.

Colors: Ranging from grey to red, this breed has a variety of colors. They can be shaded grey which is preferred, red, brindle, blue-grey, and have white markings. The white markings should be less than 40% of the color of the body.
Coat: Medium length, thick and hard. It is double coated and coarse.

Temperament: Swedish Vallhunds are alert, bold and curious little dogs. They are energetic and fun. Being a hard worker, the Swedish Vallhund is highly intelligent and can be trained easily. They are eager to please and friendly with almost everyone they meet. They get along with children and other pets quite well. The Swedish Vallhund is a talented detector of moods. They are sensitive to their owner's mood, and if they get a particular reaction out of people such as laughing or clapping for some action they performed, they will do it again and again. They have their own sense of humor, is spirited and joyous.
With Children: Yes, gets along well with children.
With Pets: Yes, gets along well with other pets.

Watch-dog: High. The Swedish Vallhund is a very alert breed.
Guard-dog: High. Small as he is, this breed is actually known for being a good guard dog.

Care and Exercise: Easy to care for, the Swedish Vallhund does not require a lot of maintenance. The coat only requires brushing once a week with a firm bristle brush to remove the dead hairs, as they do shed. They should be bathed as necessary. The most care for this breed would be for exercise, as they need plenty of it to keep fit. They should receive plenty of mental and physical exercise each day, exercising their mind to keep them from boredom.
Training: The best method of training for a Swedish Vallhund is positive training.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - High. Problem Solving - High.

Activity: Medium.
Special Needs: Exercise.
Living Environment: Owners of a Swedish Vallhund should be aware that this breed requires activity and exercise. They are very adaptable to different places, however. The best owner for this breed would be an active owner living in the city, suburbs or country with enough exercise.

Health Issues: Cleft palate, cryptochidism, hip dysplasia, luxating patellas and retinal dysplasia.

Life Span: 12 - 14 years.
Litter Size: Can have up to 9 puppies.

Country of Origin: Sweden
History: Originating in the Vastergotland plains of Sweden, the Swedish Vallhund is claimed as the Viking Dog. They are thought to be at least a thousand years old. Because the Swede heavily resembles the Welsh or Pembroke Corgi, some consider them to be in the blood of the Vallhund. The Corgi area was certainly visited by Vikings, thus giving some weight to the theory. Once known as the Vikingarnas Dog, this breed was in danger of extinction in the 1930s. Thanks to dedicated fanciers, the leader being Count Bjorn von Rosen, a comeback was made for this breed. They were used mainly for herding cattle and sheep, but served as an all-purpose breed. Surprisingly, until 1948 the breed did not obtain any kind of recognition by a kennel club, and was only recognized as a breed by the Swedish Kennel Club. The Vallhund was taken to England in the 1970s, and initially to the United States in the '80s. Marilyn Thell bred the first litter of Swedish Vallhunds in the U.S. in 1986 from her Jonricker Kennel. By 1984 the breed received British Kennel Club recognition. Very recently did the Swedish Vallhund receive AKC recognition in 2007, which is the year in which this profile was written. Today the breed has a growing number of fans, much of them in England.

First Accepted by the AKC: 2007
AKC Group: Herding Group
Class: Miscellaneous
Registries: FCI (Group 5), AKC, ANKC (Group 5), CKC (Group 7), KC(UK) (Pastoral), NZKC (Working), UKC (Herding Dogs)

Swedish Lapphund

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Description: Swedish Lapphunds are a medium sized dog with profuse fur and a spitz-type tail. Their tails curl over the back like all the nordic-spitz tails do. They were developed thousands of years ago in the Scandinavian land of the Sami people. These people cultivated a breed that would herd and guard their precious reindeer. The Swedish Lapphund developed right along side the Finnish Lapphund, and both are from the same stock. They are muscular, rectangular-shaped dogs, appearing in the typical spitz fashion. Their natural prick ears are alert to sounds and their foxy muzzle was once often used for barking to let the reindeer know that they are a friend. Swedish Lapphunds have a double coat in which the outer coat is curly and dense while the under coat is long and straight. The coat is very long around the neck, at the backs of the legs and on the tail. The Swedish Lapphund comes in colors of black, brown or bear brown, with the occasional dash of white. Although cute and cuddly, the Swedish Lapphund has developed a barking habit due to its previous use. Lapphunds were supposed to bark all the time in order to differentiate themselves from silent, threatening animals that might've come around the reindeer. Therefore, they do bark a lot and potential owners should be warned. intelligent, trainable and friendly, the Swedish Lapphund is a rare find, literally!

Other Names: Suomenlapinkoira, Lapinkoira, Lapland Spitz, Lapplandska Spets

Type: Herding Dog

Height: 16 - 20 inches.
Weight: 43 - 45 lbs.

Colors: Swedish Lapps come in colors of black, brown, or bear brown. There may be white on the paws, chest and tail tip. The predominant color should be black, brown or bear brown.
Coat: This breed has a double coat. The outer coat consists of an outer coat that is curly and dense while the under coat is long and straight. It is thick and profuse.

Temperament: The Swedish Lapphund has an appealing demeanor. They are intelligent, trainable and very friendly. Lapphunds can be stubborn in training, however. They are well known for barking, as was their previous employment. Training is required if they are to be taken into the public. The Swedish Lapphund very much enjoys a cool climate and the outdoors. They love to work and demand vigorous exercise mentally and physically. They do not like to be walked on a leash and will learn better if they are not trained on one. The are affectionate, well disciplined and faithful dogs. Kind, patient, lively and alert are characteristics of this breed.
With Children: Yes, they are very fond of children.
With Pets: Yes, they get along with other pets if introduced correctly.
Special Skills: Reindeer herder and family pet.

Watch-dog: High. They make excellent watch dogs.
Guard-dog: Medium. The Swedish Lapphund is suspicious of strangers.

Care and Exercise: The Lapinkoira needs excessive exercise in order to keep in shape. They are very physical dogs and require a great amount of hard work every day. Typically the Swedish Lapphund should be walked for 3 hours a day if they are kept in the city where no herding or guarding jobs are available. Ears, nails and teeth should be checked periodically.
Training: Lappland Spitz are easily trained. Although they can be quite stubborn and think their own way is better, it is not difficult to change their mind if they are trained correctly. They should be trained from puppyhood, and they do best if leashes are not used.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - Medium. They are trained well but can be stubborn. Problem Solving - High. The Swedish Lapphund needs constant mental stimulation as they enjoy mind games.

Activity: Medium to High.
Special Needs: Exercise, grooming, socialization, and training.
Living Environment: This breed needs a dedicated owner that can provide the exercise needed for it. They also enjoy and prefer colder climates over hotter ones. Although there is some controversy over whether the Lapphund does as well in the city as it does the country, the Lapphund has proven to do fine in the city as long as it gets enough exercise and stimulation. The best owner for this breed would be an active owner living in the country or suburban areas.

Health Issues: Epilepsy and hip dysplasia. Like most rare breeds, they have been so isolated and under-bred that they carry almost no genetic defects.

Life Span: 12 - 13 years.
Litter Size: 4 - 6 puppies. The average littler size is 5.

Country of Origin: Sweden
History: Used and developed by the Sami people of Lappland, Swedish Lapphunds are closely related to the Finnish Lapphund. They were once used for hunting as well as to herd reindeer. The breed was trained to bark at all times when around the reindeer, so that when a strange dog came by that did not bark, the reindeer would know to avoid it. The Swedish Lapphund probably came to Scandinavia with the Sami people, as a 7,000 year old skeleton of a dog was found to be extremely similar to the Lapphunds of today. This skeleton was found near Varanger, Norway. The breed is therefore thought to be at least 7,000 years old, while some speculate 9,000 years old. When the methods of reindeer management changed in the 1920s, there was little effort to keep the breed going. But a few of the specimens were collected and saved. In the 1960s the Swedish Kennel Club took the breed into a breeding program to enhance their guarding abilities. The breed is still very rare outside of its native country.

First Registered by the AKC: FSS (Foundation Stock Service - not yet eligible for the AKC)
AKC Group: Herding Group
Class: Herding
Registries: SKC, FCI