<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891</id><updated>2025-06-03T22:30:41.406-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Dokter Hewan Pontianak</title><subtitle type='html'>PONTIANAK KALIMANTAN BARAT</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>18</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-554874403575101532</id><published>2016-07-17T05:08:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2016-07-17T05:08:46.668-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 20.0pt;&quot;&gt;KOMUNITAS PENYAYANG
HEWAN PONTIANAK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;KOMUNITAS PENYAYANG KUCING (KOMPAK) PONTIANAK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Pontianak
memiliki komunitas yang terdiri dari sekelompok orang pecinta hewan khususnya
kucing. Mereka menamakan diri sebagai Komunitas Penyayang Kucing (KOMPAK).
KOMPAK sendiri terbentuk 25 Mei 2014 dan sudah memiliki struktur organisasi
untuk operasionalnya. &quot;Kami peduli kucing karena kami ingin menyadarkan
masyarakat bahwa kucing bukanlah binatang pengganggu atau pembawa penyakit.
Jika tingkat populasi kucing di Pontianak dapat ditekan, maka akan tercipta keindahan
dan keselamatan bagi pengguna jalan. Sebenarnya target kami juga mau ke
tempat-tempat yang banyak kucing terlantar seperti pasar Flamboyan, tapi karena
kendala waktu mungkin akan terlaksana di &#39;stray cat&#39; yang kedua lagi,&quot;
ujar Juni yang merupakan salah satu anggota Kompak.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Rencananya,
Kompak akan dilegalkan segera, agar pergerakan untuk menyelamatkan
kucing-kucing mendapat dukungan yang banyak serta pengakuan dari pemerintah.
&quot;Saya mengusahakan legalitas Kompak ini agar secara organisatoris bisa mendapat
banyak dukungan. Mulai dari pemerintah maupun sponsor. Selain itu, legalitas
kita juga akan menjadi pegangan apabila ada oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab
mencoba membubarkan kita. Jadi kita ada pegangan hukum,&quot; tambah Juni.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Adapun
visi dari komunitas ini adalah membentuk sebuah KOMPAK (KOMUNITAS PENYAYANG
KUCING) KALIMANTAN BARAT yang maju dan berkembang Untuk mencapai tujuan
tersebut, KOMPAK secara konsisten melakukan berbagai kegiatan guna memajukan
komunitassnya. Adapun beberapa agenda atau kegitan yang rutin dilakukan oleh
KOMPAK yaitu megadakan gathering taip minggunya, mengadakan pameran untuk
pengenaLan ke masyarakat umum, mengadakan kontes kebersihan dan kesehatan
kucing, sharing dan tanya jawab dengan Dr. Spesialis Hewan, adanya vaksinasi gratis
yang untuk hewan terutama kucing, serta beberapa kegiatan positif lainnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://pontinesia.com/komunitas/komunitas-penyayang-kucing-kompak-pontianak&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext;&quot;&gt;http://pontinesia.com/komunitas/komunitas-penyayang-kucing-kompak-pontianak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;DOG LOVERS &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;PONTIANAK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;ok dehh, kita lanjut aja
gan .. tidak usah berbasa basi lagi &lt;br /&gt;
di sini ane mau buat semua pemilik doggie di daerah pontianak dan sekitarnya
berkumpul disini yah..kita sharing informasi mulai dari anjing masing-masing
dan semua hal yang berhubungan dengan doggie ..aneka dog food dan lain-lainnya
klo bisa plus poto doggie nya yah...&lt;br /&gt;
Jangan lewatin juga setiap :&lt;br /&gt;
Hari : Minggu&lt;br /&gt;
Jam : 15:00 - 17:00 .&lt;br /&gt;
Lokasi : Rumah betang, Jl.sutoyo (Pontianak)&lt;br /&gt;
Ayo bawa doggie agan2 &amp;amp; sista sekalian buat berkumpul bersama dog lovers
lainnya, disana kita bukan hanya membawa doggie kita berjalan2, tapi juga bisa
menambah teman dan juga bisa berkumpul bersama dog lovers dan juga doggie2 mrka
..&lt;br /&gt;
Bagi yang tidak memiliki doggie tidak masalah, silahkan datang saja dan berkumpul
bersama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/5206f278f8ca175328000006/kaskuser-quotpontianakquot-dog-lover-kumpul-sini/1&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext;&quot;&gt;http://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/5206f278f8ca175328000006/kaskuser-quotpontianakquot-dog-lover-kumpul-sini/1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;KELUARGA
MUSANG LOVERS PONTIANAK (KAMULOP)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Jika
Anda mengenal binatang musang sebagai hama, ternyata sekarang musang yang
memiliki nama lain luwak ini sudah dijadikan maskot kopi. Karena harga kopi
yang berasal dari proses alami dipilih dan dimakannya biji kopi oleh musang
sangatlah menjanjikan. Dengan hal tersebut sekarang ini musang bukan lagi hewan
yang liar, tetapi sudah menjadi salah satu hewan peliharaan yang diminati oleh
masyarakat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Seperti
di Kota Pontianak, sejak tanggal 16 Februari 2014 sudah terbentuk KAMULOP
(Keluarga Musang Lovers Pontianak)—suatu komunitas yang terbentuk karena
memiliki hobi yang sama, yaitu gemar memelihara musang.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;KAMULOP
memiliki visi mensosialisasikan musang sebagai hewan peliharaan, dengan
mengubah pola pandang masyarakat, bahwa musang bukanlah hama. Dan dengan misi
yaitu, menjadi wadah para pencinta musang yang berada di Kalimantan Barat
menjalin tali silaturahmi, bertukar pikiran, pengalaman, serta mengembangbiakan
musang untuk pelestarian.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Komunitas
ini biasa melakukan kumpul bareng (gathering) setiap hari Sabtu di sekitaran
alun-alun Kapuas dan hari Minggu di Gelanggang Olah Raga Pangsuma. Dan di acara
gathering ini sering dilakukan tukar pengalaman sesama anggotanya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Kini
KAMULOP yang menginduk kepada komunitas Musang Lovers Indonesia (MLI) memiliki
anggota sebanyak 60 orang dan memiliki musang sebanyak 70 ekor. Jenis-jenis
musang yang dipelihara adalah jenis pandan, akar, bulan dan tenggalung.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;(http://mediabnr.com/2014/09/28/keluarga-musang-lovers-pontianak-kamulop-terus-sosialisasikan-musang-bukanlah-hama)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;PONTIANAK
SUGAR GLIDER &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Pontianak,
thetanjungpuratimes.com – Pontianak Sugar Glider merupakan komunitas pecinta
hewan Sugar Glider yang sudah berdiri sejak 28 Oktkber 2015. Anggota yang aktif
diperkiraan 30 orang. Penyebaran habitat hewan ini, berada di Papua, Tasmania
dan Australia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Menurut
anggota Pontianak Sugar Glider, Nico, memelihara Sugar Glider merupakan
hobinya. Selain itu, ketertarikan Nico terhadap hewan ini memiliki keterikatan
terhadap pemilknya atau yang biasa disebut Bounding.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;“Sementara
makanan hewan ini antara lain, Makanan bubur bayi, Ulat hongkong, Ulat Jerman,
dan Jangkrik,” tuturnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Rico
mengatakan, cara perawatannya hanya dengan mengelap tissue basah seminggu
sekali kepada Sugar Glider.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;“Saya
harap, kedepannya lebih banyak yang masuk ke komunitas pecinta hewan ini,”
pungkasnya. (Kurniawati/Yuniar)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://thetanjungpuratimes.com/2016/05/16/di-pontianak-ada-komunitas-pecinta-sugar-glider/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext;&quot;&gt;http://thetanjungpuratimes.com/2016/05/16/di-pontianak-ada-komunitas-pecinta-sugar-glider/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;5.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;IGUANA
KITE PONTIANAK (IKP)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;TRIBUNPONTIANAK.CO.ID
- Berkembangnya hobi memelihara reptil, menjadikan iguana sebagai alternatif
pecinta reptil herbivora. Hal ini memengaruhi banyak bermunculannya komunitas
iguana di Indonesia, tak terkecuali di Pontianak. Seperti Iguana Kite Pontianak
(IKP), merupakan sebuah komunitas bagi para pecinta hewan yang mirip bunglon
ini. Di Pontianak sendiri IKP adalah komunitas pecinta Iguana yang pertama.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Pada
awalnya Iguana Kite Pontianak (IKP) hanyalah merupakan wadah untuk para
pencinta iguana di Pontianak. Dikatakan Indra Hermawan selaku ketua IKP, pada
awalnya ia hanya memelihara iguana sebagai hobi di rumah, dan ada beberapa temannya
yang juga tertarik untuk memelihara iguana setelah melihat hewan pendiam ini di
rumahnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;“Terbentuknya
IKP ini berdasar pada kecintaan terhadap iguana dan juga sebagai sarana untuk
berbagi informasi tentang reptil berdarah dingin ini, selain itu IKP juga
bertujuan untuk mengedukasikan masyarakat tentang apa itu iguana dan bagaimana
cara perawatan nya guna menjadi hewan kesayangan layaknya hewan hewan
peliharaan pada umumnya, “ tutur Indra kepada Tribun.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Iguana
Kite Pontianak sebenarnya adalah cabang dari Komunitas Pencinta Iguana (KPI)
yang merupakan komunitas pusat untuk para pencinta iguana yang sudah berdiri
sejak 2001 silam. Sedangkan IKP sendiri terbentuk pada 6 Desember 2014 lalu,
dengan beranggotakan 8 orang pada awal berdiri.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Dan
mereka ingin mencoba menciptakan wadah untuk para pecinta iguana. Untuk saat
ini IKP sudah beranggotakan sekitar 25 orang yang masing-masing anggota
berhasil bergabung atau tersaring dari gathering yang mereka lakukan atau dari
media sosial.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;http://pontianak.tribunnews.com/2015/01/05/ikp-komunitas-pecinta-iguana-pertama-di-pontianak&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext;&quot;&gt;http://pontianak.tribunnews.com/2015/01/05/ikp-komunitas-pecinta-iguana-pertama-di-pontianak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;6.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;PONTIANAK
OWL CLUB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Apa
yang anda pikirkan ketika mendengar kata Burung Hantu? Apakah burung hantu itu
menyeramkan, mistis, atau burung yang dianggap burung pembawa malapetaka?
Sekilas burung ini memang sangat menakutkan kalau dilihat dari namanya, tetapi
butung ini juga mempunyai keuntikan dan keindahan. Jujur saja ini
pertamakalinya saya melihat burung hantu bahkan foto bersama lebih dekat.
Burung hantu adalah kelompok burung anggota Ordo Strigiformes dan merupakan
burung yang keluar di malam hari.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Nah,
kali ini saya diberikan kesempatan untuk Gathering bersama Komunitas Pontianak
Owl Club (POC) Minggu, 19 April 2015 di Simpang Bandara Supadio (Bundaran
Pesawat) Kabupaten Kubu Raya pukul 16.00 sampai selesai. Di kegiatan Gathering
ini Komunitas POC mengenalkan Burung Hantu kepada masyarakat khususnya
Pontianak, berkumpul dan bertukar informasi antar pecinta burung hantu,
mencegah punahnya burung hantu dari habitatnya, merubah paradigma lama dari
burung hantu, dan memperlihatkan jenis-jenis burung hantu yang ada di
Kalimantan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;(http://sitimustiani.com/2015/04/pontianak-owl-club-mengenalkan-burung-hantu-kalimantan-kepada-masyarakat/)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/554874403575101532/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2016/07/v-behaviorurldefaultvmlo.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/554874403575101532'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/554874403575101532'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2016/07/v-behaviorurldefaultvmlo.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-460817155872542398</id><published>2012-07-23T20:12:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-07-23T20:15:41.620-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;SIKLUS
ESTRUS ANJING&lt;/span&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_OhNsByPZLRA/Sj8e3osA_jI/AAAAAAAAABY/4ME6ZT9X53Q/s200/Dogs+in+Heat.bmp&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_OhNsByPZLRA/Sj8e3osA_jI/AAAAAAAAABY/4ME6ZT9X53Q/s200/Dogs+in+Heat.bmp&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Permulaan
Pubertas&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ras memegang peranan penting terhadap waktu dimana anjing
pertama kali mengalami estrus. Secara umum, anjing menunjukkan siklus pertama
mereka beberapa bulan setelah mencapai tinggi dan berat tubuh dewasa mereka.
Ras beagle, contohnya, biasanya menunjukkan proestrus pertama mereka pada umur
7 – 10 bulan. Beberapa anjing ras kecil memasuki estrus pertama mereka pada
umur 6 – 10 bulan. Walaupun anjing ras besar juga memulai proestrus mereka
sebelum umur 1 tahun, beberapa anjing ras besar tidak memulai siklus sampai
berumur 18 – 24 bulan. Gejala yang muncul pada saat ini bervariasi tergantung
individu dan ras. Keberagaman ini ditambah dengan siklus yang dinamakan silent
heat, membuat dokter hewan dan juga pemilik hewan sulit memprediksi waktu
estrus pertama anjing.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Silent heat adalah estrus yang tidak terdeteksi oleh
pemilik hewan karena hanya terjadi sedikit pembengkakan vulva, perdarahan,
aktivitas menarik perhatian pejantan, dan perubahan tingkah laku pada anjing
betina muda. Panjang pendeknya bulu anjing, kebersihan anjing, dan kehadiran
anjing jantan di rumah adalah beberapa variabel yang dapat memudahkan pemiliki
untuk mendeteksi estrus. Umur ideal untuk mengawinkan anjing adalah 2 – 6
tahun. Perkawinan pertama direkomendasikan pada selama estrus kedua atau
ketiga, setelah pemilik menyaksikan paling tidak satu siklus normal ovarium
yang sempurna.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Fase-fase
Siklus Ovarium&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ada
empat fase siklus ovarium pada anjing.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Proestrus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ini
merupakan periode dimana terjadi peningkatan aktivitas folikuler sebelum kemudian
diikuti oleh estrus dimana pejantan tertarik pada betina namun betina menolak
untuk dikawinkan,&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Estrus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Estrus
adalah periode dimana betina mengijinkan pejantan untuk menaiki dan
mengawininya.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Diestrus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ini
merupakan periode setelah kawin dan berkaitan dengan aktivitas corpus luteum.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Anestrus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Waktu
antara akhir fase luteal (progesteron) dan permulaan fase folikuler (proestrus)
disebut anestrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 21.1pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Proestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Durasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Proestrus dimulai ketika perdarahan vagina
terlihat untuk pertama kali dan berakhir ketina betina mengijinkan pejantan
untuk menaiki dan mengawininya. Kriteria lainnya yang digunakan untuk
mendefinisikan permulaan dan akhir proestrus adalah perubahan mukosa vagina
yang dilihat dengan menggunakan endoskop dan perubahan sitologi sel epital
vagina. Kriteria lainnya meliputi pembengkakan vulva, menarik perhatian
pejantan, dan perubahan tingkah laku terhadap pejantan. Lamanya waktu dari saat
permulaan proestrus hingga saat kawin pertama kali biasanya 6 – 11 hari, dengan
rata-rata 9 hari.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Pada
saat awal proestrus, ketertarikan pejantan disebabkan oleh sekresi feromon.
Peningkatan aktivitas untuk menarik perhatian pejantan namun menolak untuk
dinaiki pejantan juga umum terjadi. Anjing betina juga akan berusaha menutupi
vulvanya dengan menggunakan ekor. Tingkah laku ini akan berubah secara bertahap
seiring berjalannya proestrus. Anjing betina biasanya menjadi lebih reseptif
yang ditunjukkan dengan aktivitas bermain dengan pejantan. Pada akhir
proestrus, tingkah laku anjing betina akan menjadi pasif dan bersedia untuk
dinaiki pejantan, dengan atau tanpa lordosis dan pengangkatan ekor.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Proestrus dicirikan, walaupun tidak selalu, dengan
lelerah dari vagina. Perdarahan vagina dimulai saat eritrosit mengalami
diapedesis melewati endometrium dan secara subepitelial seiring rupturnya
kapiler yang ada di endometrium. Darah ini kemudian mengalir melewati serviks
yang relaksasi dan memasuki vagina. Sejumlah kecil eritrosit juga dapat berasal
dari mukosa vagina. Perubahan cepat dari ketebalan dan perkembangan mukosa
vagina dan endometrium merupakan respon terhadap sekresi estrogen dari folikel.
Volume perdarahan bervariasi antara anjing betina yang satu dengan lainnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Anjing betina yang selalu membersihkan diri dengan jalan
menjilati tubuh, proestrus menjadi sulit terdeteksi. Deteksi proestrus juga
menjadi lebih sulit pada anjing berbulu panjang dengan ekor turun dibandingkan
dengan anjing berbulu pendek yang tidak memiliki ekor. Lelerah darah dari
vagina akan berhenti seiring proestrus memasuki estrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Vulva&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;. Vulva yang membengkak selama proestrus
disebabkan oleh akumulasi cairan. Vulva yang edema dan bengkak ini menghalangi
masuknya penis pejantan. Seiring beralihnya proestrus menjadi estrus, vulva
akan melunak secara dramatis dan menghilangkan rintangan yang sebelum terbentuk.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Perubahan hormon dan anatomi ovarium&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;. Anjing betina pada saat proestrus berada dalam pengaruh estrogen.
Estrogen disintesis dan disekresikan oleh folikel ovarium yang sedang
berkembang. FSH dan LH dilepaskan pada akhir anestrus, dan peralihan dari
anestrus menjadi proestrus berkaitan dengan peningkatan sekresi FSH dan LH.
Akibat stimulasi gonadotropin, folikel menjadi masak dan mencapai kapasitasnya
untuk mensintesis dan mensekresikan estrogen. Estrogen yang disekresikan menyebabkan
leleran vagina, menarik perhatian pejantan, dan persiapan uterus untuk
kebuntingan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Konsentrasi estrogen yang meningkat secara dramatis
selama proestrus berkaitan dengan perubahan dramatis pada uterus, mukosa
vagina, dan vulva, dan juga pada sekresi folikuler dan tingkah laku anjing
betina. Konsentrasi estrogen selama anestrus biasanya antara 5 – 15 pg/ml.
Proestrus berkaitan dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi estrogen (estradiol) diatas
15 pg/ml. Konsentrasi tertinggi estradiol dicapai pada 24 – 48 jam sebelum
akhir proestrus (permulaan estrus).&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Penurunan konsentrasi estradiol menstimulasi permulaan
estrus. Selama 5 – 20 hari berikutnya, konsentrasi estradiol menurun secara
progresif ke level basal. Konsentrasi progesteron selama proestrus kecuali pada
24 – 72 jam terakhir adalah rendah. Akhir proestrus dan permulaan estrus
berkaitan dengan konsentrasi progesteron yang meningkat sementara konsentrasi
estrogen menurun. Konsentrasi progesteron &amp;gt;1 ng/ml dibutuhkan untuk induksi
perubahan tingkah laku estrus dan untuk memelihara kebuntingan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Anatomi uterus, oviduct, dan kelenjar mamae.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Beberapa jaringan target estrogen terpengaruh oleh peningkatan konsentrasi
estrogen selama proestrus. Perubahan ini meliputi pertumbuhan duktus dan
tubulus glandula mamae, proliferasi fimbria oviduct, penebalan oviduct,
pemanjangan kornu uteri, penebalan endometrium, peningkatan sensitivitas
myometrium, pembesaran serviks, pemanjangan dan edema vagina, proliferasi
dinding vagina, dan sintesis enzim metobolis steroid hepatika. Persiapan
implantasi di endometrium meliputi peningkatan ketebalan dinding dan aktivitas
glanduler, yang berkaitan dengan perdarahan. Perdarahan uterus ini merupakan
sumber utama perdarahan vagina pada saat proestrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Anatomi vagina dan endoskopi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;.
Peningkatan konsentrasi estrogen menyebabkan penebalan dinding vagina, yang
melindungi anjing dari trauma pada saat kawin. Ketebalan epitel vagina pada
saat anestrus hanya beberapa lapis dan mudah rusak. Peningkatan konsentrasi
estrogen pada saat proestrus menyebabkan multiplikasi cepat pada lapisan sel
epitel vagina. Sehingga, ketika penis pejantan memasuki vagina, maka tidak akan
berbahaya bagi anjing betina.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Peningkatan jumlah lapisan menyebabkan lapisan sel yang
berada dekat dengan lumen tidak menerima aliran darah sehingga mengakibatkan
kematian sel. Sel-sel mati berperan sebagai sel yang kurang sensitif dan tidak
mudah hancur. Sel menjadi tidak mudah rusak tidak hanya karena meningkatnya
jumlah lapisan sel, tetapi juga dikarenakan oleh perkembangan prekursor keratin
di dalam sel-sel ini. Penebalan mukosa vagina dapat diketahui dengan sitologi.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Selama proestrus, mukosa tampak membulat, edema, licin,
dan berkilau. Lipatan vagina berwarna merah muda dan menggelembung ke arah
lumen akibat dari retensi cairan. Penurunan konsentrasi estrogen dan peningkatan
progesteron pada 1 – 3 hari sebelum akhir proestrus, menyebabkan edema pada
mukosa vagina berkurang, dan permukaan lumen yang tertarik menjadi
berlipat-lipat secara progresif. Peristiwa ini disebut krenulasi. Krenulasi
vagina terlihat dalam 24 jam sebelum lonjakan LH.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Lonjakan LH akan diikuti oleh ovulasi dalam waktu kurang
lebih 24 – 48 jam. Pengawinan sebaiknya terjadi pada saat ini. Mukosa menjadi
lebih terkrenulasi secara progresif, dan lipatan vagina menjadi lebih rata
seiring berkurangnya edema. Selanjutnya, karena lapisan epitel yang menebal
telah menghilang, mukosa sekali lagi menjadi mudah rusak dan hemoragi
superfisial dapat terlihat dengan vagioskopi.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Estrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Durasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Estrus biasanya berlangsung selama 5 – 9
hari. Namun, panjangnya waktu estrus dapat bervariasi tergantung individu.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;. Perubahan tingkah laku
yang terjadi pada saat estrus adalah anjing betina bersedia menerima pejantan
yang ingin menaiki dan mengawini. Anjing juga akan membungkuk dan menaikkan
perineumnya. Tekanan yang diberikan pada punggung bawah menyebabkan ekor
disingkapkan ke samping dan tekanan yang jelas terlihat pada kaki belakang yang
berguna untuk mnenahan berat tubuh pejantan.&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Leleran
vagina berwarna merah muda dan mengandung glukosa.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Endoskopi vagina&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;.
Perubahan sekresi dari estrogen menjadi progesteron oleh folikel preovulatory
mengakibatkan berkurangnya vaskularisasi mukosa vagina dan edema. Permukaan
lumen vagina menjadi lebih terkrenulasi atau lebih melipat.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Perubahan hormonal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Konsentrasi
estrogen meningkat 1 – 2 hari sebelum permulaan estrus. Biasanya anjing betina
mulai menampakkan gejala estrus hanya ketika konsentrasi estrogen yang
sebelumnya meningkat menjadi menurun. Penurunan konsentrasi estrogen
merefleksikan proses final pematangan folikel ovarium, beberapa hari sebelum
ovulasi.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Bersamaan dengan penurunan level estrogen, sel-sel
folikel lainnya mengalami luteinisasi dan mensekresikan sejumlah besar
progesteron. Kombinasi dari penurunan konsentrasi estrogen dan peningkatan
konsentrasi progesteron pada akhir proestrus menstimulasi perubahan tingkah
laku anjing betina pada saat estrus dan memberikan feedback positif terhadap
hipotalamus dan pituitary, menghasilkan sekresi FSH dan LH pada permulaan
estrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Progesteron meningkat diatas serum basal sebelum lonjakan
LH. Dengan kata lain, sel-sel folikel yang mampu mensintesis dan mensekresikan
progesteron berfungsi sebelum perkembangan corpus luteum. Peningkatan
progesteron ini memperkuat intensitas dan durasi tingkah laku estrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Penurunan konsentrasi estradiol yang diikuti dengan
peningkatan konsentrasi estrogen juga dianggap berperan dalam mengiinisiasi
lonjakan LH. Lonjakan LH menginisiasi ovulasi dalam waktu 24 – 48 jam, yang
setelahnya kemudian akan terbentuk corpus luteum.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ovarium dan uterus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;.
Ovarium yang membesar dapat dilihat dengan abdominal ultrasonografi. Ovarium
memiliki bentuk oval yang akan menjadi bulat setelah ovulasi. Struktur yang
teridentifikasi setelah ovulasi adalah nonovulatory folikel, korpora
hemoragika, korpora luteal yang berisi air, atau folikel yang mengalami
luteinisasi.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Folikel
yang ruptur dengan cepat terluteinisasi. Bagian yang ruptur ini mengalami
reorganisasi menjadi korpus luteum yang mampu mensintesis dan mensekresikan
progesteron selama 2 bulan ata&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Lebih.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Selama periode ini, uterus terus bersiap untuk
implantasi. Perdarahan mikrovaskuler biasanya, walaupun tidak selalu, berhenti,
dan perkembangan glandula diiringi peningkatan vaskularitas mendekati selesai.
Uterus menjadi lebih mudah dipalpasi pada pemeriksaan abdomen, menunjukkan
peningkatan ukuran dan ketebalan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Diestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Durasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Diestrus adalah fase setelah fase estrus
dimana konsentrasi progesteron menjadi dominan. Fase ini berlangsung selama 56
– 58 hari pada anjing yang bunting dan 60 – 100 hari pada anjing yang tidak bunting.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Perubahan
hormonal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Konsentrasi progesteron di dalam plasma meningkat diatas level basal
(&amp;gt;0,5 ng/ml) pada akhir proestrus menjadi lebih besar dari 1 – 2 ng/ml pada
saat permulaan estrus. Setelah ovulasi, korpus luteum berkembang di dalam
ovarium pada bekas lokasi folikel yang ruptur, menyebabkan peningkatan populasi
sel yang dapat mensintesis dan mensekresikan progesteron. Puncak sintesis
progesteron oleh korpus luteum ini dicapai 20 – 30 hari setelah ovulasi. Pada
saat ini, konsentrasi progesteron meningkat secara dramatis lebih tinggi
daripada konsentrasi basal (15 – 90 ng/ml).&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ovarium dan uterus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;.
Korpus luteum berlokasi di permukaan ovarium selama diestrus. Uterus merespon
terhadap peningkatan konsentrasi progesteron dengan jalan memelihara struktur
dan vaskularisasi yang dibutuhkan untuk kebuntingan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Bersamaan
dengan degenerasi korpus luteum dan berhentinya sekresi progesterin, diestrus
berakhir dan uterus mengalami periode perbaikan. Periode involusi uterus ini
membutuhkan waktu 1 – 3 bulan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;. Fase diestrus dimulai
ketika anjing betina menolak untuk dikawini. Vulva kembali ke ukuran semula dan
tidak lagi membesar. Secara umum, tidak ada perbedaan yang timbul baik pada
saat anestrus maupun diestrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Glandula mamae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;. Meningkatnya konsentrasi
progesteron pada saat standing heat menginisiasi perkembangan glandula pada
jaringan mamae. Perubahan ini biasanya menjadi lebih jelas ketika anjing
mencapai trimester akhir dari diestrus. Konsentrasi prolaktin, yang meningkat
selama minggu terakhir kebuntingan, menyebabkan persiapan laktasi untuk fetus
yang akan dilahirkan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Anestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Definisi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Anestrus adalah suatu fase dalam siklus
reproduksi dimana uterus mengalami involusi. Anestrus dimulai pada saat anjing
melahirkan dan berakhir pada saatnya dimulainya proestrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Durasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Seperti fase lainnya, durasi anestrus pun
bervariasi. Variasi ini tergantung dari ras, kesehatan, umur, lingkungan, dan
berbagai faktor lainnya. Biasanya anjing betina memulai proestrus mereka setiap
7 bulan. Proestrus berlangsung selama 9 hari, estrus 7 – 9 hari, diestrus 58
hari, dan anestrus 4,5 bulan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Konsentrasi hormon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;.
Seperti pada spesies lainnya, ledakan sporadis sekresi LH terjadi selama
anestrus pada anjing. Peningkatan LH yang terjadi secara tiba-tiba dan
sementara ini menyebabkan munculnya dua episode sekrestori LH yang singkat
namun potensial. Satu lonjakan LH segera diikuti permulaan proestrus, dan yang
satunya lagi diikuti atau berbarengan dengan permulaan estrus dan kemudian
ovulasi. Konsentrasi serum FSH juga meningkat selama anestrus, level hormon ini
pada akhir anestrus sama tingginya seperti level hormon FSH pada saat lonjakan
FSH preovulatory pada saat estrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Konsentrasi
estrogen berfluktuasi secara signifikan selama anestrus. Lonjakan konsentrasi
estrogen dilaporkan terjadi, dan hal ini diasumsikan berasal dari gelombang
perkembangan folikel subklinis dan kemungkinan berumur pendek. Folikel-folikel
ini mensitesis dan mensekresikan estrogen, menyebabkan naiknya, walaupun
sedikit, konsentrasi estrogen. Karena folikel tidak pernah berkembang dengan
sempurna, mereka regresi dan berkembang menjadi sel lutein yang mensekresikan
progesteron. Serum estrogen menurun sebelum permulaan proestrus. Sebaliknya,
progesteron tetap pada konsentrasi yang sangat rendah selama anestrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Uterus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Uterus selama anestrus mengalami perbaikan.
perbaikan sempurna endometrium ke keadaan semula membutuhkan waktu kurang lebih
120 hari setelah konsentrasi progesteron kembali ke level basal pada anjing
yang tidak bunting dan setelah 140 hari pada anjing yang bunting.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;SIKLUS
ESTRUS KUCING&lt;/span&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kittens-lair.net/store/en/articles/img146.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.kittens-lair.net/store/en/articles/img146.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Kucing biasanya memiliki siklus estrus
pertamaantara usia 5 sampai 10, dengan usia rata-rata sekitar 6 bulan. Kucing
betina mengalami estrus kira – kira 2 sampai 4 kali dalam setiab tahunnya. Jika
perkawinan tidak terjadi, estrus dapat berlangsung 7 hari sampai 10 hari dan
terulang kembali dalam wakti 15 sampai 21 hari kemudian. Kucing dapat mengalami
estrus sekitar enam minggu setelah beranak.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ada lima fase dalam siklus estrus pada kucing, yaitu
proestrus, estrus, interestrus, diestrus, dan anestrus.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Proestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Merupakan fase pertama dari siklus estrus. Periode
pertama fase estrus ini pertama kali terjadi pada kucing yang berusia empat
bulan. Fase proestrus biasanya berakhir sekitar dua hari. Tapi terkadang
pemilik tidak dapt mengetahuinya. Ciri – ciri dari fase ini adakah kucing
sering berputar – putar pada lantai, menggosok-gosokkan kepala pada barang dan
manusia. Dia akan mengambil posisi jika kita menepuk lembut pada bagian pangkal
ekor. Melakukan senggama atau kawin tidak selamanya terjadi pada stadium ini.
Kucing jantan sangat tertarik pada kucing betina pada fase ini, tetapi biasanya
kucing betina tidak akan membiarkan kucing jantan mengawininya.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Estrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Hanya pada fase inilah betina dapat menerima pejantan.
Perubahan perilaku yang lebih jelas dalam estrus daripada di proestrus. Fase
ini dapat bertahan selama sepuluh hari jika tidak ada perkawinan. Namun, tidak
ada perubahan mencolok dalam penampilan atau ukuran dari alat kelamin eksternal
yang jelas. Tetapi jika perkawinan terjadi, maka estrus dapat berlangsung tiga
sampai empat hari saja. Jika itu kucing liar, maka dapat kawin dengan beberapa
kucing jantan. Kucing betina disebut dengan “induced ovulator” yaitu betina
hanya akan ovulasi ketika kehamilan tidak terjadi. Kopusi dimulai ketika
hormone LH dibebaskan dan akan menstimulasi terjadinya ovulasi. Akan tetapi
level LH bervariasi pada setiab kucing betina. Beberapa betina sudah cukup
distimulasi oleh oleh satu pejantan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Interestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Fase ini adalah periode fase beriring estrus jika ovulasi
tidak terjadi. Jika kucing betina tidak mengalami perkawinan dia kan estrus
rata – rata dua sampai tiga minggu.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u2:shapetype coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; spt=&quot;75&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:formulas&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;u2:path connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; extrusionok=&quot;f&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:lock aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;&lt;/u1:lock&gt;&lt;u2:shape id=&quot;Picture_x0020_4&quot; spid=&quot;_x0000_i1027&quot; style=&quot;height: 78pt; visibility: visible; width: 171pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CYUDI%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.png&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/u2:imagedata&gt;&lt;/u2:shape&gt;&lt;/u2:path&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:f&gt;&lt;/u2:formulas&gt;&lt;/u2:stroke&gt;&lt;/u2:shapetype&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Diestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Pada fase ini, kucing – kucing betina akan menolak kucing
jantan untuk mendekatinya dan perilakunya kan kembali normal. Tetapi jika
terjadi perkawinan pada fase ini maka dapat menimbulkan kehamilan (9 minggu).
Jika tidak terjadi perkawinan itu akan bertahan sekitar satu sampai dua minggu
sebelum ke fase berikutnya. Kehamilan semu dapat selalu terjadi jika ovulasi
terjadi tanpa ada konsepsi. Pada kasus ini, diestrus akan bertahan sebulan atau
enam minggu bahkan lebih panjang lagi. Satu-satunya perbedaan antara tahap ini
dan selanjutnya adalah tingkat tinggi hormon progesteron dalam tubuhnya.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u2:shape id=&quot;Picture_x0020_7&quot; spid=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; style=&quot;height: 69.75pt; visibility: visible; width: 2in;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CYUDI%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.png&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/u2:imagedata&gt;&lt;/u2:shape&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Anestrus&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;Ini merupakan fase akhir dari siklus estrus. Fase ini
adalah fase istirahat sebelum menuju kembali ke fase proestrus dan pada periode
ini system reproduksi inaktif atau bias disebut dengan fase “mandul”. Kucing
betina akan menolak kucing jantan.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u2:shape id=&quot;Picture_x0020_10&quot; spid=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;height: 76.5pt; visibility: visible; width: 120pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;u2:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CYUDI%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.png&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/u2:imagedata&gt;&lt;/u2:shape&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Ovulasi
dipicu oleh kopulasi atau terjadinya stimulasi pada daerah vagina. Ini terjadi
karena adanya rangsangan pada hipotalamus menuju ke sumsum tulang belakang.
Hipotalamus akan membebaskan GnRH dari hipofisis anterior kemudian menghasilkan
LH (estrogen) yang akan menstimulasi terjadinya ovulasi dan perkembangan dari
corpus luteum.&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;DAFTAR PUSTAKA&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNoSpacing&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 17.3pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Cambria, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;Feldman,
E. C. dan Nelson, R. W., 2004. Canine and Feline Endocrinology and
Reproduction, Third Edition. Elsevier, USA.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/460817155872542398/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/07/siklusestrus-anjing-permulaanpubertas.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/460817155872542398'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/460817155872542398'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/07/siklusestrus-anjing-permulaanpubertas.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_OhNsByPZLRA/Sj8e3osA_jI/AAAAAAAAABY/4ME6ZT9X53Q/s72-c/Dogs+in+Heat.bmp" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-1773881295018614739</id><published>2012-07-22T20:07:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-07-22T20:07:54.593-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;BUDIDAYA TANAMAN
ALFALFA &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;(Medicago
sativa)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpxnH12fExDYgnE5IQCFRcVfrTH1kVQ_A6Tr-7BMMfhZHJigjna0HkfGO01RklMVzQV7HfaPNwyq5riLBcwTZQiYpdVl1Uh6zQkmNKrGWMJkOahyytr5-qxnquBGyTrgv3E_tgzQNKIuA/s1600/IMG_0741.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpxnH12fExDYgnE5IQCFRcVfrTH1kVQ_A6Tr-7BMMfhZHJigjna0HkfGO01RklMVzQV7HfaPNwyq5riLBcwTZQiYpdVl1Uh6zQkmNKrGWMJkOahyytr5-qxnquBGyTrgv3E_tgzQNKIuA/s320/IMG_0741.JPG&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Klasifikasi Ilmiah
Alfalfa:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Kingdom&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; :Plantae&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Divisi&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; :Magnoliophyta&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Kelas&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;:Magnoliopsida&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Ordo&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;:Fabales&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Famili&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;:Fabaceae&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Upafamili&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; :Faboideae&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bangsa&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;:Trifolieae&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Genus&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;:Medicago&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Spesies&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;:M.
sativa&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Alfalfa&amp;nbsp;(Medicago
sativa) adalah&amp;nbsp;spesies tanaman yang dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan ternak (pakan)
untuk sapi perah, kuda, sapi potong, domba dan kambing. Alfalfa juga digunakan
dalam sistem&amp;nbsp;rotasi tanaman&amp;nbsp;pangan karena dapat mengikat nitrogen
memperbaiki struktur tanah, dan mengontrol gulma&amp;nbsp;untuk tanaman berikutnya
yang akan dibudidayakan. Sejarah tertua mengenai tanaman ini berasal dari
sisa-sisa alfalfa berusia 6000 tahun telah ditemukan di Iran. Tulisan tertua
mengenai alfalfa diperkirakan berangka tahun 1300 SM dan ditemukan di Turki. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sebagai pakan ternak,
tanaman ini memiliki kandungan protein, vitamin dan mineral yang
tinggi.&amp;nbsp;Untuk melakukan budidaya alfalfa, kondisi tanah yang harus
diperhatikan adalah pH (tingkat keasaman) tanah berkisar 6,3-7,5 dan kandungan
garam dalam tanah tidak boleh terlalu tinggi.&amp;nbsp;Selama masa aktif
pertumbuhannya, alfalfa tidak membutuhkan tanah yang basah. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Deskripsi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Alfalfa adalah tanaman
sejenis tanaman herba tahunan yang memiliki beberapa ciri, yaitu berakar
tunggang, batang menyelusur tegak dari dasar kayu dan tingginya berkisar 30-120
cm, serta daun tersusun tiga. Tangkai daun berbulu dan berukuran 5-30
mm.&amp;nbsp;Kedalaman akar alfalfa dapat mencapai 2-4 meter. Saat memulai
perkembangan batang, tunas aksiler di bagian bawah ketiak daun akan membentuk
batang sehingga mahkota pada bagian dasar menjadi pangkal dan tunas aksiler di
atas tanah membentuk percabangan. Perbungaan tersusun pada tandan yang padat
dengan bunga kecil berwarna kuning. Tumbuhan ini mampu hidup hingga 30 tahun,
bergantung dari keadaan lingkungan. Alfalfa juga memiliki bintil (nodul) akar
yang mengandung bakteri&amp;nbsp;Rhizobium meliloti&amp;nbsp;sehingga dapat menambat
atau mengikat nitrogen dari atmosfer untuk keperluan tumbuhan. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Kultivasi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Musim penanaman alfalfa
biasanya berlangsung pada peralihan antara musim semi ke musim gugur, namun
pertumbuhan utama terjadi pada akhir musim semi atau awal musim panas. Tumbuhan
ini memerlukan waktu penyinaran yang panjang. Perkebangan perbungaan dari
setiap kultivar alfalfa dapat berbeda satu sama lain karena lama penyinaran
yang diperlukan juga berbeda. Alfalfa tahan terhadap herbisida seperti
benazolin, bentazon, dan&amp;nbsp;asam 2,4-Diklorofenoksiasetat. Apabila ingin menanam
alfalfa saja (monokultur), terutama pada musim dingin, dapat digunakan
propizamida untuk mencegah pertumbuhan gulma yang mengganggu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tanaman ini dapat
dibudidayakan bersamaan dengan beberapa tanaman lain, seperti kembang telang (Clitoria
ternatea),&amp;nbsp;Cenchrus ciliaris,&amp;nbsp;Macroptilium bracteatum, dan lain-lain.
Tanaman alfalfa lebih tahan terhadap kekeringan bila dibandingkan tanaman
kacang-kacangan lainnya. Hal ini dikarenakan akar yang panjang dan tanaman
memiliki kemampuan melakukan dormansi (tidak aktif) saat musim kemarau yang
parah. Saat mencapai kelembaban tertentu, alfalfa dorman dapat kembali aktif.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pada tahap pembenihan,
irigasi umumnya diperlukan. Untuk mencegah hama dan penyakit, penyemprotan
fungisida dan insektisida diperlukan dalam masa penanaman. Beberapa agen
penyebab penyakit pada alfalfa adalah&amp;nbsp;Xanthomonas alfalfa,&amp;nbsp;Alternaria
solani,Fusarium oxysporum,&amp;nbsp;Rhizoctonia solani,&amp;nbsp;Phytophthora megasperma,
dan&amp;nbsp;Uromyces striatus. Pada waktu panen, biji-bijian biasanya disemprot
dengan pengering tanaman untuk mempercepat pengeringan. Waktu panen yang tepat
adalah ketika polong-polongan berisi biji sudah 65-75% berwarna coklat gelap.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Manfaat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Budidaya alfalfa
sebagai pakan ternak dilakukan untuk beberapa tujuan, yaitu penggembalaan dan
konservasi. Alfalfa dapat ditanaman sendiri ataupun sebagai campuran di antara
rumput tropis dan sub-tropis. Bibit alfalfa juga banyak ditanaman sebagai
kecambah untuk makanan manusia. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Alfalfa banyak diproduksi karena nilai
nutrisi dan produksinya yang menguntungkan, selain itu tanaman ini juga
disebutkan memiliki rasa yang enak. Dibandingkan dengan pakan ternak dari
tanaman lainnya, alfalfa memiliki kandungan&amp;nbsp;proyein dan&amp;nbsp;kalsium yang
tinggi, tetapi energi termetabolisme dan kadar fosfor di dalamnya relatif
rendah. Alfalfa juga termasuk berserat rendah sehingga mudah mencapai rumen
(perut besar) dan mudah dicerna oleh hewan ternak. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Dengan pemberian
irigasi, tanaman alfalfa dapat memproduksi 25-27 ton per hektar kadar kering
pada tahun pertama dan turun hingga 8-15 ton per tahun pada tahun ketiga.
Produksi tersebut bergantung pada densitas tanaman, tingkat resistensi hama dan
penyakit, aktivitas di musim dingin, dan hujan yang memengaruhi kelembaban
tanah. Dengan hasil produksi tersebut, penanaman alfalfa dapat meningkatkan
produksi susu pada sapi. Alfalfa yang tumbuh sepanjang tahun ini juga mencegah
terjadinya defisiensi (kekurangan) energi pada ternak dan memperbaiki atau
meningkatkan padang rumput. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Manfaat Tanaman Alfalfa&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Daun alfalfa dan rumput timothy adalah pakan
ternak yang sangat baik dibandingkan rumput lain karena pakan ini kaya akan
kandungan protein, vitamin dan mineral, selain diberikan dalam keadaan segar
pada ternak/hewan peliharaan. Daun alfalfa dan rumput timothy juga dijadikan
hay(rumput kering) yang banyak dijual dipetshop dengan harga kisaran
50-60rb/kg.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Alfalfa kaya akan berbagai zat gizi. Kandungan
klorofilnya sangat tinggi, sehingga tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan daunnya
ini dipercaya bisa menyembuhkan bermacam penyakit, mulai dari perut kembung
sampai kanker. Kata alfalfa mungkin masih terasa asing di telinga orang
Indonesia. Tanaman alfalfa memang belum banyak dibudidayakan di sini, meski
berbagai produknya banyak dijual di pasaran. Salah satunya dalam bentuk
suplemen. Alfalfa merupakan tanaman kacang-kacangan yang tumbuh di berbagai
kondisi iklim, dengan kemampuan adaptasi cukup baik, sehingga tersebar di
berbagai belahan dunia. Amerika Serikat merupakan produsen alfalfa terbesar
hingga saat ini.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Namun, tanaman ini juga dibudidayakan di
Eropa, Australia, Amerika Selatan, Afrika Selatan, Cina, dan Timur Tengah. Di
Indonesia, tanaman ini mulai dibudidayakan sebagai pakan ternak. Alfalfa
dikenal sebagai salah satu tumbuhan dengan kandungan gizi sangat tinggi.
Kandungan kalsium, klorofil, karoten, dan vitamin K yang cukup tinggi,
menjadikan alfalfa sebagai salah satu suplemen yang sering dikonsumsi manusia.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Saponin pada akar alfalfa dapat menghambat
peningkatan kolesterol dalam darah hewan percobaan yang diberi pakan tinggi
kolesterol (sebesar 25 persen). Sayangnya, saponin juga memiliki efek negatif,
yaitu bersifat hemolitik dan dapat mengganggu metabolisme vitamin E.&lt;br /&gt;
Keunggulan lain alfalfa adalah memiliki kandungan vitamin dan mineral cukup
lengkap. Vitamin yang terkandung dalam alfalfa adalah: vitamin A, thiamin
(vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niasin (vitamin B3), vitamin B5, vitamin
B6, vitamin C, vitamin K, dan asam folat. Mineral unggulan, yakni kalsium,
besi, magnesium, fosfor, tembaga, dan seng. Jumlah vitamin dan mineral tersebut
dapat dilihat pada tabel.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Kandungan Nutrisi per 100 gram Alfalfa&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot;&gt;
 &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;NAMA&amp;nbsp; ZAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;KADAR NUTRISI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Calories&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;23.0 kkal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Carbohydrate&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;2.1 g&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Dietary Fiber&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;1.9 g&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Total Fat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;0.7 g&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Protein&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;4.0 g&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Vitamin A&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;155 IU&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Vitamin C&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;8.2 mg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Vitamin K&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;30.5 mcg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Folate&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;36.0 mcg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Calcium&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;32.0 mg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Iron&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;1.0 mg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Magnesium&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;27.0 mg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Phosphorus&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;70.0 mg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Potassium&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;79.0 mg&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Water&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;92.8 g&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 135.0pt;&quot; width=&quot;180&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 119.25pt;&quot; width=&quot;159&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;*sumber:www.nutritiondata.com&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sebetulnya hampir seluruh tumbuhan hijau
mengandung vitamin K. Namun, kandungan vitamin K dalam 100 gram alfalfa cukup
tinggi, yang dapat memenuhi 38 persen dari total kebutuhan tubuh dalam sehari.
Hal ini dapat menjadikan alfalfa sebagi salah satu sumber vitamin K bagi
tubuh.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Vitamin K sangat penting untuk pembentukan
protein dan penggumpalan darah pada saat terjadi luka. Vitamin K juga dapat
berfungsi sebagai zat antihemolitik, khususnya saat terjadi perdarahan, seperti
pada orang-orang yang sedang melakukan terapi antibiotik dan bagi penderita
diare kronis.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Syarat Tanam Alfalfa Agar Tumbuh Subur :&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tanah subur dan gembur
(&lt;i&gt;Sandy&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tanah tidak basah juga
tidak kering&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;PH tanah agar tumbuh
optimal pada kisaran 6,7 sampai dengan 6,9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Cukup pengairan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;5.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Cukup sinar matahari&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;6.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Cukup penyemprotan
pupuk daun secara berkala&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;7.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Cukup pembersihan
lahan dari gulma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;8.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pembenihan perlu
menggunakan mulsa atau paranet agar terjaga dari terpaan angin, hujan, dan
terik sinar matahari langsung.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;9.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Masa rawan pembenihan
sampai dengan 40 hari&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;10.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pola tanam sebaiknya
semai langsung tanam pada lahan (tidak dipindahkan)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;11.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Panen perdana usia 2
bulan, selanjutnya setiap bulan dapat dipanen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;12.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Masa produktif tanaman
alfalfa 3 – 5 tahun&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;13.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Setiap lubang diberi
3-5 biji alfalfa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;14.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Jarak tanam antar
lubang 5-10 cm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sumber:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Anonim,
2011, alfalfa Indonesia. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alfalfa-indonesia.com/2011/06/syarat-tanam-alfalfa.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;www.alfalfa-indonesia.com/2011/06/syarat-tanam-alfalfa.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Wikipedia
bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/1773881295018614739/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/07/budidaya-tanamanalfalfa-medicagosativa.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/1773881295018614739'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/1773881295018614739'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/07/budidaya-tanamanalfalfa-medicagosativa.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpxnH12fExDYgnE5IQCFRcVfrTH1kVQ_A6Tr-7BMMfhZHJigjna0HkfGO01RklMVzQV7HfaPNwyq5riLBcwTZQiYpdVl1Uh6zQkmNKrGWMJkOahyytr5-qxnquBGyTrgv3E_tgzQNKIuA/s72-c/IMG_0741.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-5123948795165155876</id><published>2012-07-08T19:23:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-07-08T19:27:41.785-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;KADAL PELIHARAAN&lt;/u&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Iguana&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://iguanapets.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/iguana1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;223&quot; src=&quot;http://iguanapets.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/iguana1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Iguana&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;ialah
sejenis&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;kadal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;yang hidup di daerah&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;tropis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;di&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt; Amerika tengah, Amerika selatan dan Karibia.&lt;/span&gt;
Pertama kali mereka disebutkan oleh seorang naturalis berkebangsaan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Austria&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Josephus
Nicolaus Laurenti&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;pada
tahun 1768. Ada 2 spesies yang berbeda dari jenis kadal ini:&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;iguana hijau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;dan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;iguana Antilles Kecil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kedua
spesies kadal tersebut memiliki lipatan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;kulit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;di bawah rahang, sekumpulan kulit yang
mengeras yang berderet di punggungnya hingga&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;ekor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;,
dan &quot;mata ketiga&quot; di kepalanya. Mata ini disebut sebagai&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;mata
parietal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;, yang mirip
seperti tonggak di atas kepalanya. Di belakang lehernya ada&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;sisik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;kecil yang menyerupai paku panjang,
dan disebut&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;tuberculate scale&lt;/i&gt;.
Iguana juga memiliki sisik besar bundar di pipinya yang disebut sebagai
selubung subtimpani.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Iguana
memiliki&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;penglihatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;yang baik dan bisa melihat bentuk,
bayangan, warna, dan gerakan pada jarak yang jauh. Iguana menggunakan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;matanya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;untuk mengarahkannya mengarungi&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;hutan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;lebat, untuk menemukan makanan. Mereka
juga menggunakan matanya untuk berkomunikasi dengan anggota spesies yang sama.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Mereka
merespon rangsangan visual berupa warna seperti jingga, kuning, merah muda, dan
biru yang terdapat pada substansi&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;makanan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;mereka.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Telinga
iguana disebut timpanum, yang merupakan gendang telinga iguana dan terdapat di
kanan atas selubung subtimpani dan di belakang mata. Ini adalah bagian tubuh
iguana yang amat tipis dan lembut, dan amat penting untuk pendengarannya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 14.25pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Mereka sering
kali sulit untuk diketahui keberadaannya karena kemampuan mereka untuk menyatu
dengan lingkungannya. Warna hijau alaminya sangat membantu dalam menyembunyikan
dirinya dari&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;predator&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Steppe Runner Lizard&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reptilechannel.com/images/care-sheets/Steppe2-600.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;224&quot; src=&quot;http://www.reptilechannel.com/images/care-sheets/Steppe2-600.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Steppe Runner Lizard atau kadal yang
bernama ilmiah Eremias arguta ini memiliki habitat asli di Rumania, Ukraina
&amp;amp; Rusia. Kadal ini memiliki warna yang bervariasi dari cerah hingga ke
warna yang lebih gelap, dengan pola yang lebih kontras pada beberapa
spesimennya. Bayi Steppe lizard menetas dari telur dan memiliki panjang sekitar
2 inci, sangat kecil untuk ukuran bayi kadal, tapi kelamaan akan tumbuh dan
semakin membesar jika dipelihara dengan baik dan benar. Ukuran kadal steppe
dewasa yang sedang bisa mencapai 6 inci. Kandang steppe lizard harus memiliki
gradasi suhu dengan panas dan dingin id masing masing sisi kandang. Gunakan dua
thermometer di masing masing sisi supaya bisa terus mengetahui suhunya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Steppe runner lizard termasuk reptil
peliharaan yang keren untuk reptile pemula maupun yang udah senior. Steppe
runner lizard mudah ditangani untuk ukuran kadal yang kecil yang biasanya
cenderung sifatnya agak ‘lincah’ alias ngga mau diem..&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kalau kebanyakan kadal kecil sifatnya
pemalu &amp;amp; sulit untuk ditangkap, Steppe runner lizard selalu siap makan dari
tangan pemiliknya, dan jangan heran kalau kadal ini juga suka melingkar di
telapak tangan kita dan memanfaatkan hangatnya telapak tangan manusia.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Saat ini (bualn April 2012), Steppe
runner lizard masih tergolong baru untuk bisnis reptil. Tapi spesies ini sejauh
ini sudah diternakkan dengan baik di penangkaran, dan Steppe runner lizard CB
hamper selalu tersedia untuk pasar, sama seperti kadal2 import.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Bayi Steppe runner lizard CB tersedia
sepanjang tahun. born babies are available all year. Bayi bayi Steppe runner
lizard &amp;nbsp;ini punya lebih sedikit masalah kesehatan jika dibandingkan dengan
Steppe runner lizard import yang sudah dewasa. Steppe runner lizard
&amp;nbsp;dewasa jauh lebih kuat. Steppe runner lizard &amp;nbsp;yang sehat akan
terlihat aktif dengan mata yang terbuka lebar dan selalu penasaran dengan
lingkungan sekitarnya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kalau mau membeli Steppe runner
lizard, periksa telinganya yang terbuka, pastikan juga tidak ada sisa kulit
shedding yang tertinggal di jari jarinya dan perhatikan juga pennampilan
keseluruhan kadal ini.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Steppe runner lizard sendiri bukan
jenis kadal yang harganya mahal. Di Us, harganya berkisar antara 30 hingga 50
USD. Karena peternak biasanya tidak berhenti di satu morph, maka aka nada
banyak warna dan pola yang membuat kadal ini harganya jadi makin mahal.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Steppe Runner Lizard memang baru dalam
komunitas reptile, jadi umur rata ratanya belum bisa diketahui. Tapi
diperkirakan kadal ini bisa hidup hingga 10 tahun di penangkaran.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Untuk kandangnya, bayi Steppe Runner
Lizard bisa ditempatkan pada terrarium khusus untuk reptile atau di dalam
aquarium ukuran 10 galon dengan tutup di atasnya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Sebuah kandang dengan dimensi lantai
berukuran 10 inci kali 20 inci sudah cukup besar bagi kadal ini, walaupun
semakin besar kandang akan semakin baik.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Steppe runner adalah hewan terrestrial
dan lebih menyukai tinggal di dasar kandang daripada di bagian atas atau daerah
yang bisa dipanjat. Bebatuan merupakan tempat mereka bersembunyi dan juga
berjemur. Saat menyusun bebatuan di terrarium, pastikan batu batu tadi tersusun
dengan aman hingga tidak longsor atau menjatuhi kadal ini. Kelompok kecil
steppe runner bisa ditempatkan di kandang yang lebih besar. Sediakan banyak
tempat untuk bersembunyi dan berjemur untuk menghindari perebutan teritori.
Sangat disarankan untuk memelihara satu saja kadal jantan dalam tiap kandang
yang berisi kadal betina.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Chameleon / Bunglon&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.the-lizard-lounge.com/content/gallery/lizard-pictures/veiled-chameleon/veiled-chameleon-01-female.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;303&quot; src=&quot;http://www.the-lizard-lounge.com/content/gallery/lizard-pictures/veiled-chameleon/veiled-chameleon-01-female.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Bunglon salah satu hewan reptil
yang tenar dengan kemampuan mengubah warna, terus terang saya pribadi merasa
geli kalau harus memegang reptil ini, tapi karena banyaknya permaintaan lewat
email saya agar saya mengulas juga tentang bunglon (ternyata ada juga yang
memelihara reptil ini?) karena pengetahuan saya agak minim mengenai hewan satu
ini, maka saya langsung seraching di internet mencari bahan tulisan dan saya
mendapatkan beberapa, berikut hasil dari perburuan saya tentang bunglon.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Bunglon adalah salah satu
reptil yang paling terkenal terutama di daerah penduduk asli benua Afrika dan
Madagaskar, ditemukan di beberapa tempat lainnya di Eropa dan Asia. Ada lebih
dari 120 spesies yang termasuk dalam keluarga bunglon. Yang paling umum bunglon
(Chamaeleo) ditemukan di wilayah Mediterania. Menariknya banyak yang tidak
mengetahui bahwa terjemahan &#39;bunglon&#39; adalah &#39;Bumi Lion / Little singa&#39; (saya
aja bingung reptil kaya gini kok dikasih istilah Singa Kecil?) Ada beberapa
fakta lain mengenai bunglon yang saya temukan cukup menarik.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Fakta
tentang Bunglon, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;ada beberapa fakta yang menunjukkan bahwa reptil ini telah
mengembangkan beberapa keterampilan yang paling khusus jika dibandingkan dengan
hewan lainnya dan mereka dapatkan tanpa mengikuti kursus atau Balai Latihan
Kerja (BLK), terutama di dunia reptil.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Atribut
Fisik, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Bunglon memiliki tubuh yang pipih lateral berbasis. Fitur fisik
utama pada bunglon adalah bahwa mereka seperti memiliki hiasan selain warna
yang natural dan tajam, Memiliki puncak, duri dan tanduk dan mata yang
menonjol. Mata mereka memiliki kualitas yang unik, yaitu bahwa mereka dapat
memutar independen. Dalam arti bahwa sementara satu mata melihat ke depan, yang
lain bisa melihat learah lain secara bersamaan (saya pengen punya yang kaya
gitu..). Ini membantu mereka untuk tetap waspada di lingkungan mereka dan
menyadari bahaya yang mengancam. Kemampuan mereka diketahui sebagai kemampuan
terbaik mereka, dan sering disebut &#39;teropong&#39; alam.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Bunglon memiliki satu jari
kaki, yang dapat ditemukan di sisi kakinya. Jari ini bertindak seperti jepitan,
dan membantu mereka untuk mengenali cabang-cabang pohon tempat mereka
bertengger. Mereka memiliki fitur warna-warna cerah dan lidah mereka panjang
dan lengket, yang diperlukan bagi mereka untuk mendeteksi dan bahkan menangkap
mangsanya. Mereka berjalan di dahan sangat lambat dan hampir tidak bisa berlari
cepat meskipun melihat setan, Mereka memiliki kuku tajam yang membantu mereka
untuk berpegangan dan naik ke permukaan pohon. Bunglon dewasa berganti kulit
mereka setiap 4-5 bulan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Bunglon memiliki dua lubang
kecil sebagai telinga, yang terletak di dekat mata dan tidak dapat dilihat
dengan mata telanjang. meskipun demikian mereka tidak tuli, mereka dapat
mendengar dan merasakan getaran di udara. Hal ini membantu mereka terhindar
dari bahaya dan juga membantu mereka untuk memburu mangsanya. Bunglon memiliki
gigi yang membantu mereka untuk menggigit makanan mereka. Mereka menggunakannya
untuk menghancurkan dan kemudian mengunyah makanan mereka, kadang-kadang
memecahnya menjadi kepingan sebelum akhirnya menelannya (kayaknya ini gak perlu
saya bahas?).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Habitat
Bunglon, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Para bunglon adalah makhluk arboreal, yang berarti mereka
tinggal di pohon. Hal ini karena ini bahwa mereka biasanya berwarna hijau gelap
sehingga mereka bisa berkamuflase baik dengan lingkungan sekitar mereka.
bunglon membutuhkan air dan sinar matahari untuk kelangsungan hidupnya. Mereka
jarang turun dari pohon kecuali untuk bertelur dan mencari mangsa.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pakan
Bunglon, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Bunglon menggemari serangga, mereka menggunakan lidah mereka
untuk menangkap serangga. lidah mereka adalah fitur utama dari tubuh mereka,
karena dirancang khusus dalam fungsi mereka sebagai bagian mencari nafkah.
Ujung lidah mereka sangat panjang dan lengket. Dan ketika dilepaskan, ukurannya
bisa sekitar satu setengah kali panjang tubuh mereka. Ketika bunglon melihat
mangsa, ia akan fokus mengukur jarak antara dirinya dan mangsanya. Kemudian
ujung lidahnya akan terlontar dan dalam satu lontaran cepat mangsa akan tertangkap
dan itu berlangsung selama sepersekian detik.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Kemampuan
mengubah warna, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Kemampuan lainnya dari hewan ini adalah merubah warna kulitnya
sesuai lingkungan atau tempat tinggalnya. Bertentangan dengan kepercayaan yang,
bunglon tidak memiliki kemampuan bawaan untuk mengubah warna sesuai dengan
keinginannya, faktor eksternal seperti suhu, bahaya dan emosi (dari bunglon)
lebih mempengaruhi kemampuan ini. bunglon ini memiliki melanophores di dalamnya
tubuh yang bertanggung jawab atas perubahan warna dan mereka sangat sensitif
dengan perubahan suhu. Reaksi mereka terhadap suhu panas dan dingin menyebabkan
perubahan warna kulit. Begitu juga dengan kondisi takut, naluri teritorial dan
bahaya akan membuat mereka merubah warna kulit mereka.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Setelah kita mengetahui beberapa fakta menarik tentang bunglon,
akan lebih mudah bagi kita untuk mempertimbangkan memelihara hewan ini.
Meskipun beberapa orang senang menganggap bunglon sebagai hewan peliharaan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Argentine
Black &amp;amp; White Tegu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-3I0dC-9qgon2X9SwnonFtK28Wqh6QeFe3T30mCJS-Qo_wymcDG1ccWc_5NQgRH-ff1mVrTjp_kCew5PlaLWcfiIiH_JMXsq9y-uQ9GHEpDh4U_BD57tZz8eBOEQ9rqweBp16sWXiThPx/s1600/ArgentineBlackAndWhiteTeguJuvenile001.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-3I0dC-9qgon2X9SwnonFtK28Wqh6QeFe3T30mCJS-Qo_wymcDG1ccWc_5NQgRH-ff1mVrTjp_kCew5PlaLWcfiIiH_JMXsq9y-uQ9GHEpDh4U_BD57tZz8eBOEQ9rqweBp16sWXiThPx/s320/ArgentineBlackAndWhiteTeguJuvenile001.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Ada beberapa s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp;pesies Tegu dan ada beberapa spesies tegu
tertentu yang memiliki kebutuhan berbeda. Semua jenis Tegu yang baru menetas
akan memakan daging sampai usia 1 tahun. Daging yang bisa diberikan meliputi
jangkrik yang sudah ditaburi vitamin, ulat hongkong, ulat jerman, daging ayam
yang juga ditaburi vitamin, pingkies dan telur matang. Bersihkan sisa makanan
jika ada supaya tidak mengundang serangga karena selain serangga dapat
mengakibatkan stres pada reptile, juga dapat membuat kandang menjadi kotor dan
bau.&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Setelah lewat setahun,
spesies Argentine Black &amp;amp; White Tegu, Giant Tegu dan Argentine red Tegu
akan berubah kebiasaan makannya, sedangkan Blue Tegu dan Colombian Black &amp;amp;
White atau Gold Tegu tetap menjadi pemakan daging seumur hidupnya. Oya, di
habitat aslinya, Argentine Black &amp;amp; White dan Red tegu berhibernasi
menjelang musim dingin sampai sekitar 7 bulan setelahnya. Ini berarti tegu akan
berhenti makan. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Karena di Indonesia
tidak ada musim dingin, tegu tidak berhibernasi dan tidak berhenti makan.
Karena alesan inilah tegu di Indonesia jauh lebih cepat berganti menu makanan
ke buah dan sayuran. Saat tegu umur 3 bulan sudah bisa mulai diberi buah dan
sayuran. Campur dengan jangkrik atau ulat Hongkong/Jerman, ikan atau apapun
yang biasa dimakan saat masih bayi. Kalau tegu menolak untuk makan coba berikan
setiap beberapa hari sekali sampe tegu mau memakannya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Tegu Argentine Black and
White dan Argentine red Tegu dewasa memakan kalkun, bisa juga ayam, telur
rebus, hewan pengerat, ikan segar, anak ayam, anggur, tomat, strawberries,
melon dan buah buahan lembut yang lainnya. Pisang juga bisa diberikan, tapi
jangan berikan sebagai makanan rutin. Pisang memiliki kandungan potassium yang
tinggi dan potassium adalah zat yang tidak berikatan dengan kalsium yang
dibutuhkan tegu. Selain itu pisang juga memiliki kandungan fosfor yang tinggi.
Jadi berikan pisang tidak lebih dari 1 kali setiap beberapa minggu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Gold
Tegu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.venomousreptiles.org/data/classifieds/images/27275.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;http://www.venomousreptiles.org/data/classifieds/images/27275.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Blue Tegu dan Colombian
Black &amp;amp; White atau Gold Tegu memakan semua jenis daging yang disebutkan
diatas, kecuali buah buahan. Oya, kalo mau ngasih makan hewan pengerat,
sebaiknya dimatikan dulu sebelum diberikan. Hewan pengerat yang masih hidup
bisa menggigit balik tegu. Hati hati saat memberi makan karena Tegu bisa jadi
agresif di dalam kandang. Kadang tegu mengira tangan pemilik mereka adalah
makanan. Ada beberapa cara aman untuk memberi makan tegu. Cara yang pertama
adalah dengan cara menaruh makanan di kandang lain lalu masukkan tegu di
kandang yang sudah ada makanannya. Cara lain adalah dengan memberikan makanan pada
malam hari atau ketika tegu sedang bersembunyi. Cara yang pertama adalah cara
yang terbaik karena pemilik tegu akan berkesempatan memegang tegu setiap hari
dimana hal ini akan banyak membantu dalam proses penjinakan. Alasan lainnya
adalah untuk mencegah tegu memakan substrat secara tidak sengaja. Jangan sampai
tegu mengalami penyumbatan saluran pencernaan karena memakan substrat secara
tidak sengaja. Dan alasan yang terakhir adalah makanan akan diberikan dengan
cara ini akan lebih segar dibandingkan dengan makanan yang diberikan pada malam
hari. Oya, Tegu juga membutuhkan air segar setiap hari dan seperti biasa,
usahakan tempat minum tegu cukup besar untuk digunakan sebagai tempat berendam
juga.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Argentine
Red Tegu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://gallery.pethobbyist.com/data/122871MVC-063X.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;http://gallery.pethobbyist.com/data/122871MVC-063X.JPG&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;Tegu yang baru menetas
dapat dipelihara di terarium dengan panjang 50 cm. Bayi tegu tumbuh dengan
cepat. Sedangkan tegu dewasa membutuhkan tempat yang jauh lebih besar. Untuk
tegu dewasa akan membutuhkan kandang hingga berukuran 2,4 mtr x 2,4 mtr. Jika
di dalam rumah, gunakan kandang berukuran 400 galon. Hal yang perlu diingat
jika akan membuat sendiri kandang tegu adalah tegu memiliki sifat terrestrial
atau hidupnya diatas tanah jadi ketinggian tidak diperlukan. Kandang cukup
berukuran 180 x 90 x 90 cm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Tegu membutuhkan
kelembaban yang tinggi yaitu sekitar 60% hingga 70%. Kelembaban ini sangat
dibutuhkan tegu supaya tegu tumbuh sehat dan bisa berganti kulit dengan
sempurna.&amp;nbsp;Iklim di Indonesia tidak jauh berbeda dengan habitat asli tegu
jadi tidak diperlukan misting. Yang pasti, jangan membuat substrat menjadi
basah karena akan mempermudah pertumbuhan jamur. Gunakan substrat yang tidak
menghasilkan banyak debu pada saat kering maupun basah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Untuk pencahayaan
gunakan lampu ultraviolet full spectrum. Cahaya yang memancarkan UVB sangat dibutuhkan
reptil ini. Lampu ultraviolet penting untuk pembentukan vitamin D3 yang
diperlukan untuk metabolisme kalsium. Temperatur titik berjemur maksimum 42
derajat celcius dengan sisi teduh bersuhu 21 dearjat Celcius. Pemanasan sisi
teduh kandang tidak diperlukan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Spanish
Ribbed Newt&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://newttank.co.uk/images/newts/spanish%20ribbed%20newt.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;http://newttank.co.uk/images/newts/spanish%20ribbed%20newt.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Kadal air yang bernama Spanish
Ribbed Newt atau Pleurodeles waltl. Pleurodeles waltl, atau dalam bahasa
Inggrisnya disebut juga dengan Spanish Ribbed Newt, dikenal juga dengan
beberapa sebutan atau nama lain yaitu: Spanish newt, Ribbed newt, Sharp-ribbed
salamander, Spanischer rippenmolch, Gallipato, Ofegabous, Spansk
ribbenssalamander, Hispaania ribivesilik, pleurodèle de Waltl, triton à côtes,
pleurodele di Waltl, Ribbensalamander, Salamandra-de-costelas-salientes.. Wah,
banyak juga nama lainnya ya.. Salamander air ini banyak ditemukan di
Semenanjung Iberia hingga Maroko. Pleurodeles waltl ini adalah salamander yang
tertutup lendir dengan panjang dewasanya sekitar 30 cm. Newt ini menghabiskan
waktunya di air yang dingin, dibawah bebatuan atau di dalam celah celah batu
dan memakan invertebrata kecil atau apapun yang berada terlalu dekat dalam
jangkauannya. Pleurodeles waltl sering disangka sebagai kadal biasa, hingga
saat ia menunjukkan peri laku pertahanan dirinya. Pada saat mempertahankan
diri, Pleurodeles waltl akan bereaksi dengan cara mengembangkan tulang rusuknya
hingga ujung tulang iganya menembus keluar kulitnya. Serem juga ya? Ketika
diserang, Pleurodeles waltl mendorong keluar rusuknya hingga menembus tubuhnya
sendiri dan ini akan mengeluarkan sederetan tulang yang berfungsi seperti
pelindung dirinya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Pleurodeles waltl
&amp;nbsp;atau Newt berusuk Spanyol ini memiliki warna yang beraneka ragam dari
gelap hingga abu abu terang dan ditutupi bintik gelap dengan bercak coklat.
Perutnya berwarna lebih terang dari pada bagian punggungnya. Bagian perutnya
biasanya berwarna krim dengan pola bintik yang sama. Tiap newt memiliki
sederetan tuberkel yang berderet di tiap sisi tubuhnya. Dari sinilah rusuk
mereka yang tajam dapat keluar dan bertindak sebagai mekanisme pertahanan diri
yang sangar. Walaupun kulitnya ditembus tulang rusuknya sendiri, hal ini tidak
terlalu menyakitkan bagi kadal air ini. Yang perlu diingat, mekanisme
penonjolan tulang rusuk ini sangat jarang dilakukan oelh newt yang
&amp;nbsp;berasal sari penangkaran.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kemampuan Pleurodeles
waltl &amp;nbsp;untuk mengeluarkan tulang rusuknya pertama kali disadari oleh
seorang ilmuan di tahun 1879. Saat Pleurodeles waltl merasakan adanya bahaya,
maka ia akan segera mengayunkan maju rusuknya dan meningkatkan sudutnya ke dada
hingga 50 derajat. Tidak hanya untuk menakuti musuhnya, tulang rusuk yang
menonjol keluar ini juga dipenuhi oleh kelenjar racun, sebagaimana juga di
bagian punggungnya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Sayangnya spesies ini
mulai menghdapi masalah yang klasik seperti kebanyakan yang mempengaruhi amfibi
lainnya yaitu hancur dan hilangnya tempat untuk berkembang biak. Biasanya danau
tempat mereka berkembang biak tidak terlalu luas dan sifatnya hanya sementara,
jadi agak sulit untuk dilindungi, ditambah lagi dengan polusi yang muncul
dengan cepat. Spesies ini cukup kuat dan bisa bertahan di air yang
terkontaminasi dengan level yang tinggi dan juga bisa bertahan dari tekanan
predator (biasanya predator hewan ini adalah bangau &amp;amp; ular Natrix Maura).
&amp;nbsp;Kelebihan lain dari kadal air ini adalah walaupun mereka bisa dengan
mudah memakan mangsa kecil yang bergerak, bahkan tanaman dan ular kecil, kadal
air ini akan dengan mudah juga merubah makanan utamanya kalau sumber makanan
utamanya sudah mulai jarang didapat. Selain itu Spanish ribbed newt ini juga
bisa tahan tidak makan dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Populasi kadal air ini
relatif stabil walaupun mereka akan menghilang saat biotope hancur. Pembangunan
jalan raya sering kali menghilangkan populasi yang ada di dekatnya. Populasi
yang ada di Spanyol dan Portugal sangat rentan dan harus selalu dimonitor
disamping populasi mereka sendiri sudah dilindungi oleh pemerintah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Fire
Skink Lizard&amp;nbsp; / Kadal Api&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFb2dWv_q1shEQHNsZn-3zmxvNiUVs1OSomgB34NnX4Ay-l9otWEuhrwefTSzIZpHNBbepHPBlQNjK1pamkLZ0nTn34boBVRAqlbrvqowIsgFBFGi_yyIln4hGix1UawfbNCG7Rb-sx-pw/s1600/FireSkink001.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFb2dWv_q1shEQHNsZn-3zmxvNiUVs1OSomgB34NnX4Ay-l9otWEuhrwefTSzIZpHNBbepHPBlQNjK1pamkLZ0nTn34boBVRAqlbrvqowIsgFBFGi_yyIln4hGix1UawfbNCG7Rb-sx-pw/s320/FireSkink001.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Fire Skink Lizard
(Lepidothyris fernandi) atau yang biasa disebut dengan kadal api adalah salah
satu spesies kadal yang terkenal pemalu. Sebagian besar waktunya lebih banyak
digunakan untuk bersembunyi di liang liang dalam tanah atau di bawah tumpukan
daun daunan. Saat merasa lapar, kadal api baru akan keluar dari persmbunyiannya
untuk mencari makan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Banyak pecinta reptile
yang menghabiskan waktu untuk mengamati karakter dan keindahan kadal api ini.
Daya tarik kadal api terletak pada warna kulitnya yang cantik. Sisiknya
berwarna kemerahan dan kuning seperti warna api dengan kombinasi garis garis
hitam dan bercak bercak keperakan. Jika kadal api terkena sinar, tubuhnya akan
nampak mengkilap dan halus. Di habitat aslinya, kadal ini ternyata banyak
diburu orang untuk diambil kulitnya dan dugunakan sebagai bahan kerajinan
tangan atau suvenir.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Reptil ini bukan asli
Indonesia tapi berasal dari Afrika Barat. Walaupun kadal api terkenal pemalu,
tapi kadal api mudah jinak hingga banyak dipelihara pecinta reptil. Dalam hal
memeliharanya pun tak terlalu rumit. Kadala api ini cukup diletakkan di tempat
yang suhunya rata rata 23 hingga 32 derajat celcius. Tapi dalam kandang harus
dijaga kelembaban, hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan cara menyediakan tempat air
untuk berendam &amp;amp; minum. Dapat juga dilakukan misting beberapa hari sekali.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kadal api yang jantan
ukuran tubuhnya pada umumnya lebih besar dan warnanya lebih cerah dibandingkan
dengan kadal api yang betina. Kadal api punya umur yang cukup panjang yaitu
sekitar 15 hingga 20 tahun dan maksimal panjang tubuhnya adalah 15 inci. Kadal
ini memakan jangkrik, cacing, semut dan serangga lainnya. Selain itu kadal ini
juga memakan sayur dan buah. Sayur dan buah harus disediakan bergantian sebagai
selingan karena kadal ini juga memakan sayur dan buah, dan berikan juga
suplemen kalsium dan suplemen vitamin.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Untuk system reproduksi
kadal api, setelah melalui proses perkawinan, kadal api akan segera bertelur
beberapa hari kemudian. Jumlah telurnya berjumlah 5 hingga 9 butir. Telur tlur
ini kemudian disimpan atau disembunyikan di sarangnya dan akan menetas dalam
waktu 40 hingga 50 hari kemudian.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Scary Horned Lizard&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satwaunik.com/reptil/uploads/2011/08/Horned-Lizard1-300x195.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.satwaunik.com/reptil/uploads/2011/08/Horned-Lizard1-300x195.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kalo ditanya binatang, khususnya
reptil apa yang nyeremin, kayanya Horned Lizard atau kadal bertanduk yang bakal
menang. Sebenernya ‘penampakannya’ sama aja kaya jenis jenis kadal lainnya,
tapi ga lama akan segera ketauan kenapa kadal yang satu ini nyeremin banget.&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kadal ini bisa mengeluarkan atau malah
menembakkan darah dari matanya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Sebagai pertahanan diri dari predator
seperti anjing atau kucing, kadal bertanduk akan membatasi aliran darah di
kepala, sehingga meningkatkan tekanan darah sampai pembuluh darah kecil di
sekitar kelopak matanya pecah. Kadal dapat menyemprotkan aliran darah dengan
tepat dalam jarak hingga 5 meter. Hal ini tidak hanya membingungkan predator
tapi darah yang dikeluarkan kadal ini memiliki rasa yang tidak enak untuk
predator hingga membuat kadal ini tampak sangat tidak enak untuk dimakan. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;Kadal Soa Layar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://a1.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-prn1/552768_2679481966105_1827980592_1556401_1382104374_n.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;http://a1.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-prn1/552768_2679481966105_1827980592_1556401_1382104374_n.jpg&quot; width=&quot;240&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kadal Soa Layar, reptile
unik ini dinamakan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;demikian
karena memlikik ciri khas berupa gelambir kulit yang berada di lehernya yang
bisa menyerupai layar bila dikembangkan. Gelambir&amp;nbsp; kulit tersebut akan
mengembang apabila kadal soa layar merasa terganggu, terancam oleh predator dan
tentu saja untuk menarik perhatian lawan jenisnya. Habitat kadal Soa layar
adalah di daerah beriklim basah seperti hutan tropis dan savana tropis. Kadal
Soa layar adalah reptile arboreal yaitu menghabiskan banyak waktunya di pohon
pohon tapi sesekali kadal soa layar akan turun dari pohon untuk mencari makan.
Makanan favorit kadal soa layar adalah serangga dan beberapa jenis kadal kecil.
Keunikan lain Kadal Soa layar ini adalah kadal soa layar tidak memiliki warna
yang standar karena warna mereka dipengaruhi langsung oleh lingkungan tempat
tinggal mereka.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sumber :
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;http://google.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;http://id.wikipedia.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;http://satwaunik.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;http://mypeliharaan.blogspot.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/5123948795165155876/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/07/kadal-peliharaan-iguana-iguana.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/5123948795165155876'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/5123948795165155876'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/07/kadal-peliharaan-iguana-iguana.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-3I0dC-9qgon2X9SwnonFtK28Wqh6QeFe3T30mCJS-Qo_wymcDG1ccWc_5NQgRH-ff1mVrTjp_kCew5PlaLWcfiIiH_JMXsq9y-uQ9GHEpDh4U_BD57tZz8eBOEQ9rqweBp16sWXiThPx/s72-c/ArgentineBlackAndWhiteTeguJuvenile001.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-80056001815125532</id><published>2012-06-12T20:43:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-06-12T20:43:18.612-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;JENIS ANJING RAS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0wcby5WX6jrqNs3wxOX-dH5UOnPbHRQYGxEFE1QtEcjjIviAHmrX-xPH2m35O3C_zJZUqjvxGEpR3x7PXjPV_Sr0esJeWOX8Qq-pSs9zFrSX0F3b0O_NKkt8z9daIJePUTTCRwncHEblk/s1600/american_bulldog.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0wcby5WX6jrqNs3wxOX-dH5UOnPbHRQYGxEFE1QtEcjjIviAHmrX-xPH2m35O3C_zJZUqjvxGEpR3x7PXjPV_Sr0esJeWOX8Qq-pSs9zFrSX0F3b0O_NKkt8z9daIJePUTTCRwncHEblk/s200/american_bulldog.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
american bulldog&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOJVv6iwHqi1NJfllFQv5O2fP3U_yTDJ7jG5Tvb28wm71ZXOmJXFsRcJZy3MtoTuRfYZ1PyVoH_wh-amwOnT8bmr0EyWQfGniLQ-pWUgnk3TC2hL9g3OOcOJE2uhzNp68sDvZga0OxTsfM/s1600/affenpinscher.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOJVv6iwHqi1NJfllFQv5O2fP3U_yTDJ7jG5Tvb28wm71ZXOmJXFsRcJZy3MtoTuRfYZ1PyVoH_wh-amwOnT8bmr0EyWQfGniLQ-pWUgnk3TC2hL9g3OOcOJE2uhzNp68sDvZga0OxTsfM/s200/affenpinscher.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;affenpinscher&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0rLLOJ2w2C7N8jLcZRA3rEvHSU4THL4qaTc7L-0GmGqMNlyligZEQ2oALNULWGY2yJsov4_izWXyDEm5HWfZjD-eVYClzRi5OrU12wGCkqvwv-JWflXdABoJlfRrxGGLiKbhsX3SZzoIF/s1600/american+pitbul+terier.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;133&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0rLLOJ2w2C7N8jLcZRA3rEvHSU4THL4qaTc7L-0GmGqMNlyligZEQ2oALNULWGY2yJsov4_izWXyDEm5HWfZjD-eVYClzRi5OrU12wGCkqvwv-JWflXdABoJlfRrxGGLiKbhsX3SZzoIF/s200/american+pitbul+terier.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;american pitbul terier&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuKr7DzV00QhmOl4785aR-n_K6ldtRC0X3jn85G4F1w8LHoXBG-8pjv7G8DuKJ5BJTIftxuY1BB2sHtQ5SQEkIjMzTzGQtfQefU9dAlut0X0YQyKIn7I6_bRCLPdYPh5TZMGBJGdtxWTHo/s1600/american_eskimo.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuKr7DzV00QhmOl4785aR-n_K6ldtRC0X3jn85G4F1w8LHoXBG-8pjv7G8DuKJ5BJTIftxuY1BB2sHtQ5SQEkIjMzTzGQtfQefU9dAlut0X0YQyKIn7I6_bRCLPdYPh5TZMGBJGdtxWTHo/s200/american_eskimo.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;american eskimo&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdXS3cVctIg0BXm7yT6x5cWoTgRzLgac69I-E64Wob-ksbc-o75-HmcNI98P1SY4b4ZE-62xonFQJqhwRJtj0xCQVPptr-wlIGPevTTiLiq7RlDt9DIsH3A3K1_e5vSayMVhPVr88Gw03J/s1600/american_foxhound.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdXS3cVctIg0BXm7yT6x5cWoTgRzLgac69I-E64Wob-ksbc-o75-HmcNI98P1SY4b4ZE-62xonFQJqhwRJtj0xCQVPptr-wlIGPevTTiLiq7RlDt9DIsH3A3K1_e5vSayMVhPVr88Gw03J/s1600/american_foxhound.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;american foxhound&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAg_5C5_C6raw6AfGRbDKdGEsouOOHWUj1KuTG8wK0-SaWxgUKy6EVoNWAfL1eGtCRIiG5D6Vvex6XGjThFE7Ccx_QOb2_J-n0A6eQ5zPZvXqjdXbPwfAO6V4XpMkCYwX44m_mTsx4IC0T/s1600/basenji.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAg_5C5_C6raw6AfGRbDKdGEsouOOHWUj1KuTG8wK0-SaWxgUKy6EVoNWAfL1eGtCRIiG5D6Vvex6XGjThFE7Ccx_QOb2_J-n0A6eQ5zPZvXqjdXbPwfAO6V4XpMkCYwX44m_mTsx4IC0T/s1600/basenji.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;basenji&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL_4YrVWoYEt0dOjkh6IMnfjPh0gLQuxJ7VmJOxjlj0Scc_QB6tZVWgS4E1zHIyHtbptHbFdU9Fi0CURXWDvl6T_IOhQR_nl7QyltvZQjC7Q46DpDETuDF9BYTKG2hFn1IclF4iPpX0bBn/s1600/basset_hound.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL_4YrVWoYEt0dOjkh6IMnfjPh0gLQuxJ7VmJOxjlj0Scc_QB6tZVWgS4E1zHIyHtbptHbFdU9Fi0CURXWDvl6T_IOhQR_nl7QyltvZQjC7Q46DpDETuDF9BYTKG2hFn1IclF4iPpX0bBn/s1600/basset_hound.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;basset hound&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCfWkSiDrDUTBbLQRPlDoYy60aYwm0dKs67ARzUFC-jTrR2tgkYoAuS4a_Eb9-Y8Ar5z9tk71xUhmQtBqMolhtTi3H89729-r1gqPPHzEVanOXe4ue6rML3kpLx_5gDtn4WKquOc6Hl5FQ/s1600/beagle1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;188&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCfWkSiDrDUTBbLQRPlDoYy60aYwm0dKs67ARzUFC-jTrR2tgkYoAuS4a_Eb9-Y8Ar5z9tk71xUhmQtBqMolhtTi3H89729-r1gqPPHzEVanOXe4ue6rML3kpLx_5gDtn4WKquOc6Hl5FQ/s320/beagle1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;beagle&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbaCi6zh-s-pWADhRn8qz3P9DuyGhssVyYReebu7z6rK4F-MzBwQ01hB223mWnVh1f4_y8jY6A8eYDF6YqxC67JJxey0KYMclf-Y69OM4cCQj8rkCIj8hT8L2b-njyAoF8puFIS8LA45-X/s1600/belgian_malinois.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbaCi6zh-s-pWADhRn8qz3P9DuyGhssVyYReebu7z6rK4F-MzBwQ01hB223mWnVh1f4_y8jY6A8eYDF6YqxC67JJxey0KYMclf-Y69OM4cCQj8rkCIj8hT8L2b-njyAoF8puFIS8LA45-X/s1600/belgian_malinois.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;belgian malinois&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj11US4FL_sQKz6HaqRXH64xEZhebKTyF5Q1e68PeUlSX8KlqPvwYQBqnemt7bVVE8LoFS-fmEDSO9v6Zcxow21gh-3TDdRZFpEM-aFljU8IYOKZ4_5lJhx9s8U-DgqwPXO2Nz7uoiJLQqi/s1600/belgian_shepherd.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj11US4FL_sQKz6HaqRXH64xEZhebKTyF5Q1e68PeUlSX8KlqPvwYQBqnemt7bVVE8LoFS-fmEDSO9v6Zcxow21gh-3TDdRZFpEM-aFljU8IYOKZ4_5lJhx9s8U-DgqwPXO2Nz7uoiJLQqi/s1600/belgian_shepherd.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;belgian shepherd&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl1HqY9y5ItZ62oU-OA8LbnY16KiwZxnU1Sj5WoydOkVq0Rc9UySsVNpBgvtvSYUl9tzdwnK8CFKs2OjeeQls016MuVhDNdB_Udl-myMmG5S-0hs7UJ-7pnuYSiwP5FTosj4-fQnAkz7Gw/s1600/bichon_frise.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl1HqY9y5ItZ62oU-OA8LbnY16KiwZxnU1Sj5WoydOkVq0Rc9UySsVNpBgvtvSYUl9tzdwnK8CFKs2OjeeQls016MuVhDNdB_Udl-myMmG5S-0hs7UJ-7pnuYSiwP5FTosj4-fQnAkz7Gw/s1600/bichon_frise.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;bichon frise&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjph6nSN3Yq7gsSiOI9n2YfkxypJ2CwrNErui0eLWAa1bRGwEyb64hyphenhyphenUwscZQYh0o6woJjLAOo2qMR8lw5b3-DsQL8m99KcrFy5SvG3wF6XH0BiN_l4wY-WQWCzMjbgr7fzylJZexEgfiN1/s1600/bolognese.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjph6nSN3Yq7gsSiOI9n2YfkxypJ2CwrNErui0eLWAa1bRGwEyb64hyphenhyphenUwscZQYh0o6woJjLAOo2qMR8lw5b3-DsQL8m99KcrFy5SvG3wF6XH0BiN_l4wY-WQWCzMjbgr7fzylJZexEgfiN1/s1600/bolognese.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;bolognese&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWtpkvR3s7Fs64HBhajpIs6DwV_N5hPEf-FbpIv-tW7-suoJK_1Od81aEGHHZcIBWNAwsQ9c9BCKplPBQxm1NZcq3DoX8dCwaF2LWKEs0k78J4gKuUy0kXcOT-nILONnyWHi62h4gHUasZ/s1600/border_collie.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWtpkvR3s7Fs64HBhajpIs6DwV_N5hPEf-FbpIv-tW7-suoJK_1Od81aEGHHZcIBWNAwsQ9c9BCKplPBQxm1NZcq3DoX8dCwaF2LWKEs0k78J4gKuUy0kXcOT-nILONnyWHi62h4gHUasZ/s1600/border_collie.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;border collie&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbaZ4SaVqvGFwcNBffomZKBkQUOe4Zbz0UcdDESCKdQDF4vmYnU36KBr6HINeaq0tDsN_t-cYMHnK92-J6hmyxJkG7d0Hql2Tqx7Ma6pnDtrAC5qG0xpKwJfLSq8JIPrdBUZzaAbKbh3DB/s1600/boston+terier.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;144&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbaZ4SaVqvGFwcNBffomZKBkQUOe4Zbz0UcdDESCKdQDF4vmYnU36KBr6HINeaq0tDsN_t-cYMHnK92-J6hmyxJkG7d0Hql2Tqx7Ma6pnDtrAC5qG0xpKwJfLSq8JIPrdBUZzaAbKbh3DB/s320/boston+terier.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;boston terier&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRU8XowJd45WKdEIJPnH49NpH5Z6FKYKA6xuUQMX5W9z5WsDJfa0nxQ462-E53_OLdDs86var_GhuDt2IXEDxF-V4YAyUTxisMWD04XsRUnSovDKiWxUQTvZ7zoWj1gyt1oRI15IPyb_k2/s1600/boxer.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRU8XowJd45WKdEIJPnH49NpH5Z6FKYKA6xuUQMX5W9z5WsDJfa0nxQ462-E53_OLdDs86var_GhuDt2IXEDxF-V4YAyUTxisMWD04XsRUnSovDKiWxUQTvZ7zoWj1gyt1oRI15IPyb_k2/s1600/boxer.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;boxer&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx0PoEpPhtkpdV9GqLCocA8XvFQu6Ii6LOSuHiKrNrPuyz3QYnEbpFDHNKauGDUGFnSr7MtHrYfwq7B_gaoIBXLgaNhQ0VOoXcusVUmwF9VsTYqw27qSBSXzGcPNYN_DPxNrIFl3NkPQbI/s1600/chi+hua+hua.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;204&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx0PoEpPhtkpdV9GqLCocA8XvFQu6Ii6LOSuHiKrNrPuyz3QYnEbpFDHNKauGDUGFnSr7MtHrYfwq7B_gaoIBXLgaNhQ0VOoXcusVUmwF9VsTYqw27qSBSXzGcPNYN_DPxNrIFl3NkPQbI/s320/chi+hua+hua.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;chi hua hua&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyWswxNyhIkgJ6PDm6NdFT9iIdTGnUD4hqJmuMRFTBqWaFc7RUkAZoY76QqtSM_1qxc4EhcNuD0CGLYYQYjNTq2ZhrTNURxIlmR8VOBLUoIk134V6bJmP7uETtKSNVS3wa3Jdf5sWOPcj0/s1600/chinese+sharpei.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;197&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyWswxNyhIkgJ6PDm6NdFT9iIdTGnUD4hqJmuMRFTBqWaFc7RUkAZoY76QqtSM_1qxc4EhcNuD0CGLYYQYjNTq2ZhrTNURxIlmR8VOBLUoIk134V6bJmP7uETtKSNVS3wa3Jdf5sWOPcj0/s320/chinese+sharpei.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;chinese sharpei&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSiktXM1VfkQIrAaTDjLxdVIx_Q3zs3IbUwEx7UlX3TfFgetZKE1nrPoNtRtpYUaBqWELAhS6I3ZZI1x-RpjAaWAQ8OR6HcjfTvG0ErcJ8E72YGD7YP2o1FPyd_Mi_73i_JfV31Im6l_yK/s1600/chow_chow.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSiktXM1VfkQIrAaTDjLxdVIx_Q3zs3IbUwEx7UlX3TfFgetZKE1nrPoNtRtpYUaBqWELAhS6I3ZZI1x-RpjAaWAQ8OR6HcjfTvG0ErcJ8E72YGD7YP2o1FPyd_Mi_73i_JfV31Im6l_yK/s1600/chow_chow.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;chow chow&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6atxSA0i2fuHkv64_5vJDbSQwwHuaCuWEKBqf_EMmOBfwT07kW14_UxCjAVt0gx9ykdTSUQ3VFK4hvvJMw97B4eO3GO4NLfO9a2diYn7AxBe_T4Iyg42zq_aEgFyJ5InYsai849wwhGVu/s1600/cockapoo.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6atxSA0i2fuHkv64_5vJDbSQwwHuaCuWEKBqf_EMmOBfwT07kW14_UxCjAVt0gx9ykdTSUQ3VFK4hvvJMw97B4eO3GO4NLfO9a2diYn7AxBe_T4Iyg42zq_aEgFyJ5InYsai849wwhGVu/s1600/cockapoo.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;cockapoo&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4TroG5WYl6ndUcnffHxxiPGntbGGQ0O3Vostti9tpodSnH7m9sfGFwr8cfbw9w2saLJW-kuErCPUBNfHuUnthRD7xmZwGJssSpM673-gNVxbQWtqyusMSm7lWajhaqM-ZVu8lxhYmksy7/s1600/collie.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4TroG5WYl6ndUcnffHxxiPGntbGGQ0O3Vostti9tpodSnH7m9sfGFwr8cfbw9w2saLJW-kuErCPUBNfHuUnthRD7xmZwGJssSpM673-gNVxbQWtqyusMSm7lWajhaqM-ZVu8lxhYmksy7/s1600/collie.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;collie&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Fitft4iX649-yTQUV_ti1lFmZzwVLmWSzYzODrAEU53GG09B7Gag2RDwCJYoxWdMOchsmrVuMDDScTepngHyMgaHgzMfrA2oRXcFVU2og8sI9i68gJ63d7ZdOMPr3pNjVQHqbdK56L6o/s1600/dachshund.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Fitft4iX649-yTQUV_ti1lFmZzwVLmWSzYzODrAEU53GG09B7Gag2RDwCJYoxWdMOchsmrVuMDDScTepngHyMgaHgzMfrA2oRXcFVU2og8sI9i68gJ63d7ZdOMPr3pNjVQHqbdK56L6o/s1600/dachshund.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;dachshund&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGhqHmZWSNHkFNUtFVjD8OeQOO1HAE8l3Qpu-DQgai6to81uFR-bZcRlZuGnlGU7KU6N0Kmx3NF2592bFLlb0Nz2SE3ZYSIT5gd6HyLCmj5mlzFOggRE894K-cf9ROfzLixtUCqcoK1N_6/s1600/dalmatian1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;167&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGhqHmZWSNHkFNUtFVjD8OeQOO1HAE8l3Qpu-DQgai6to81uFR-bZcRlZuGnlGU7KU6N0Kmx3NF2592bFLlb0Nz2SE3ZYSIT5gd6HyLCmj5mlzFOggRE894K-cf9ROfzLixtUCqcoK1N_6/s320/dalmatian1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;dalmatian&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-wAAOTlUQI5GI1P1Q4ZukLCC6ualgTMRlamF_OKZBr63PNl_dLMO9ogxJkE5jRvxYpRtIRChSV7zdPzlcWzb2CzgXAawIGQ3I7xWA5w5mQUi6t1ZsKtZ5rdl2RPEHmFWh-uyiPM6pUTKI/s1600/doberman+pinscher.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;220&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-wAAOTlUQI5GI1P1Q4ZukLCC6ualgTMRlamF_OKZBr63PNl_dLMO9ogxJkE5jRvxYpRtIRChSV7zdPzlcWzb2CzgXAawIGQ3I7xWA5w5mQUi6t1ZsKtZ5rdl2RPEHmFWh-uyiPM6pUTKI/s320/doberman+pinscher.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;doberman pinscher&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3jro3mF50PfLSDung7kbBVujMCktSHKlXEeCL9CYm_RF80Ak1-qvH35yMbM-m3Wbe0H8Bt-rtsz32hm5u6O3ECuBz8cJGN3aG2o_B7AjCcj-V99r86QYnajuD3umoIldehDj6XTJ_3H0Y/s1600/dogo+argentino.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;242&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3jro3mF50PfLSDung7kbBVujMCktSHKlXEeCL9CYm_RF80Ak1-qvH35yMbM-m3Wbe0H8Bt-rtsz32hm5u6O3ECuBz8cJGN3aG2o_B7AjCcj-V99r86QYnajuD3umoIldehDj6XTJ_3H0Y/s320/dogo+argentino.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
dogo argentino&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu7zWq7RoEnh9U4mqWNirenVQSzJ3GM5_Th4YCy3o05wURtaxSE3vorlh9MV0_BmRFiDQcjCNYcc_7VsA99LynMC1rACIx2Ul25lh7DssQl1zryIKQkbwsC2z5fR077YN51WtI5UHGJMwO/s1600/frenchie+buldog.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;245&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu7zWq7RoEnh9U4mqWNirenVQSzJ3GM5_Th4YCy3o05wURtaxSE3vorlh9MV0_BmRFiDQcjCNYcc_7VsA99LynMC1rACIx2Ul25lh7DssQl1zryIKQkbwsC2z5fR077YN51WtI5UHGJMwO/s320/frenchie+buldog.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;frenchie buldog&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNdhva2MeHuqTnKUenTE0IY380dlhSkYlkw-qzXm4cTccJYKndO5oDvVsBBomJ-hU5Wcz1oenzkWSA4gRGue5tT4oDPVPf17z94Z9TxDDJiYQ4A5Z0VB06jOIqdrnszZUJGSvEOvFZhCtI/s1600/german+shepherd+(herder).jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;181&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNdhva2MeHuqTnKUenTE0IY380dlhSkYlkw-qzXm4cTccJYKndO5oDvVsBBomJ-hU5Wcz1oenzkWSA4gRGue5tT4oDPVPf17z94Z9TxDDJiYQ4A5Z0VB06jOIqdrnszZUJGSvEOvFZhCtI/s320/german+shepherd+(herder).jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;german shepherd (herder)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV91pV2oQDzMpBGp6McZ7ulgvZermDBB4X2cjovMT8OXZmCPR1BxIx8pgmAja3rND3QmbOuAsefFTBif7_oR_nsNNioepKgk0EL6Ij-XiWAiVT1kNFWzw6M19LBOul4SylP9PFp3f5Wnkp/s1600/german_shorthaired_pointer.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV91pV2oQDzMpBGp6McZ7ulgvZermDBB4X2cjovMT8OXZmCPR1BxIx8pgmAja3rND3QmbOuAsefFTBif7_oR_nsNNioepKgk0EL6Ij-XiWAiVT1kNFWzw6M19LBOul4SylP9PFp3f5Wnkp/s1600/german_shorthaired_pointer.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;german shorthaired pointer&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjesTlXZysjN9r_lRBnXTNIbmUUyVtXz_v2ccWMGYI3z02ljtfLC-n8dZse4fVx_kIHdZy5uDdOErouJUQzhYpCCaKPAryAP51F3ELN4oXBrgGi2i83XFXYC7gQMIwc9R3zcAwvNj1Kb9t/s1600/golden+retriver.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;181&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjesTlXZysjN9r_lRBnXTNIbmUUyVtXz_v2ccWMGYI3z02ljtfLC-n8dZse4fVx_kIHdZy5uDdOErouJUQzhYpCCaKPAryAP51F3ELN4oXBrgGi2i83XFXYC7gQMIwc9R3zcAwvNj1Kb9t/s320/golden+retriver.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;golden retriver&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYVIoWEmCheBfV7NoqQxz3dbdYoi7VjHiMsX77WFM-bMlZk94rIwf23RSRD7sui_OQsuNJwwNwRkaXHPG_M7Y2MK5Ynf4SV615VBY1FZqLTjAJs6WMzqzq2xTaBqUpgD7nCYIKUxJNXnvh/s1600/great+dane.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;219&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYVIoWEmCheBfV7NoqQxz3dbdYoi7VjHiMsX77WFM-bMlZk94rIwf23RSRD7sui_OQsuNJwwNwRkaXHPG_M7Y2MK5Ynf4SV615VBY1FZqLTjAJs6WMzqzq2xTaBqUpgD7nCYIKUxJNXnvh/s320/great+dane.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;great dane&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimeV7BLOwuGol_jbeMb0UzA_0MlX3vRtZ06XSkjfBI37Gdp1e9moNSq0Kkcy8E-3GW7rLFjEyZapoCgEB2NNp6rjztyvTLBWZDHXr1b0i4XcHhogajWYuR2foslSPNukqsmc190C7kv_dQ/s1600/greyhound.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimeV7BLOwuGol_jbeMb0UzA_0MlX3vRtZ06XSkjfBI37Gdp1e9moNSq0Kkcy8E-3GW7rLFjEyZapoCgEB2NNp6rjztyvTLBWZDHXr1b0i4XcHhogajWYuR2foslSPNukqsmc190C7kv_dQ/s1600/greyhound.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;greyhound&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPjoRNUknG8jBskJaJQG0dLrnQ2G_48n3B2Elb7YsF3nShZr7KH3RytfX9-u56wltnvp81S5G2A-yZHJPyEBJgoDmNhIz-jgGUkLjloXb7UWYl4ABUtygHrNR6aJ5eInimhUwsHtlh876I/s1600/keeshond.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;160&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPjoRNUknG8jBskJaJQG0dLrnQ2G_48n3B2Elb7YsF3nShZr7KH3RytfX9-u56wltnvp81S5G2A-yZHJPyEBJgoDmNhIz-jgGUkLjloXb7UWYl4ABUtygHrNR6aJ5eInimhUwsHtlh876I/s320/keeshond.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;keeshond&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1qIC7HbwnBe4yBwglUiRCj3NU3xhkYdTzcFHzS0ttZ3NRTugNz0QvFGAyEM6yvBHeHHB2kpqYqhLKr9Dor-ycTBHjRTu-Iot0zKxkfv2yMTdR9CvEXvstlsg0HBLEbbfrH58KPbaoVmQY/s1600/labrador+retriver.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;188&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1qIC7HbwnBe4yBwglUiRCj3NU3xhkYdTzcFHzS0ttZ3NRTugNz0QvFGAyEM6yvBHeHHB2kpqYqhLKr9Dor-ycTBHjRTu-Iot0zKxkfv2yMTdR9CvEXvstlsg0HBLEbbfrH58KPbaoVmQY/s320/labrador+retriver.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;labrador retriver&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS_RsmKxtzf4rRNSpPAOzOrw-jPRD6_uqNEf8gnUI1l62LnXKzda6U6xE40NaNmrHV8r51qLtdJXMxQvMV4punYM7hXYw4ldEZn8SYsgotLwBOx-PTuZeDvNJJqUBnGc1IyqNKNlGdue6H/s1600/maltese.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;163&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS_RsmKxtzf4rRNSpPAOzOrw-jPRD6_uqNEf8gnUI1l62LnXKzda6U6xE40NaNmrHV8r51qLtdJXMxQvMV4punYM7hXYw4ldEZn8SYsgotLwBOx-PTuZeDvNJJqUBnGc1IyqNKNlGdue6H/s320/maltese.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;maltese&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYU-PiXD38UwSO1qwGyN1Xvt2NYNhLZQqOQOk6I8Ia5-5AIa1Ai9GMddi8QxT9xzlHoQyLE94j4PELDSO4YZhOu1OVrJhXRQ4ogshgz_mJaA8va_aFiklGf-Wbk3Ht3zPWKZrL5Sa7ZTJV/s1600/miniatur+schnauzer.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;136&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYU-PiXD38UwSO1qwGyN1Xvt2NYNhLZQqOQOk6I8Ia5-5AIa1Ai9GMddi8QxT9xzlHoQyLE94j4PELDSO4YZhOu1OVrJhXRQ4ogshgz_mJaA8va_aFiklGf-Wbk3Ht3zPWKZrL5Sa7ZTJV/s320/miniatur+schnauzer.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;miniatur schnauzer&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJNvm7LcrxrcU1NnbM1ZHIFTLU4-NVZ_8zarNWY1eXhDstQFMVqjtKvVUviUVAmlds-iRNf6k5xhgdULq4IIgLegB0uNAVieTY_2CoJmM_nFiL6vTa86HpBvfFZK4SxJs_0BM0oSIY5NW6/s1600/papillon.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJNvm7LcrxrcU1NnbM1ZHIFTLU4-NVZ_8zarNWY1eXhDstQFMVqjtKvVUviUVAmlds-iRNf6k5xhgdULq4IIgLegB0uNAVieTY_2CoJmM_nFiL6vTa86HpBvfFZK4SxJs_0BM0oSIY5NW6/s320/papillon.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;papillon&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibdEYERSpCuX894Cz3hJWrB2K8KjATXwo9WLE3djjoh7I4doqkuBKggMIFQERcbJQOOZ2rJgb5F9okLUZ-G7arXavQuf0CIcWuEXw1lJJPY8Go3M2CTyaSYUIWFjeVHGXsoEmYbvmd_9vr/s1600/pekingese.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibdEYERSpCuX894Cz3hJWrB2K8KjATXwo9WLE3djjoh7I4doqkuBKggMIFQERcbJQOOZ2rJgb5F9okLUZ-G7arXavQuf0CIcWuEXw1lJJPY8Go3M2CTyaSYUIWFjeVHGXsoEmYbvmd_9vr/s1600/pekingese.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;pekingese&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdOMpOswEOQlDpt47ml0GLQ1dtuzkiHgrKYEZPOQFntMCRwe72h7WlDHdMUcinVbac9dwCEg9lhRm3-S0PgfnYg6jnqjWwza8t3DijJd40HdEIMxreRMTuf44rU_C8Yx9_mE0dBaeXKG8x/s1600/pembroke+welsh+corgi.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;176&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdOMpOswEOQlDpt47ml0GLQ1dtuzkiHgrKYEZPOQFntMCRwe72h7WlDHdMUcinVbac9dwCEg9lhRm3-S0PgfnYg6jnqjWwza8t3DijJd40HdEIMxreRMTuf44rU_C8Yx9_mE0dBaeXKG8x/s320/pembroke+welsh+corgi.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
pembroke welsh corgi&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKCWyqd8FoOXaBzIZ-uLy5oxI3ImRQDofej9jgreW9se6UfjuHbQ_ridt2o-kaGBP0Th5k1uByDqmzvK82KguU4U7zg5hq5qLADp2KjHw6q315vKt2bzHKzr0BGD1N5xmSdyAoImC74i3p/s1600/petit_basset.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKCWyqd8FoOXaBzIZ-uLy5oxI3ImRQDofej9jgreW9se6UfjuHbQ_ridt2o-kaGBP0Th5k1uByDqmzvK82KguU4U7zg5hq5qLADp2KjHw6q315vKt2bzHKzr0BGD1N5xmSdyAoImC74i3p/s1600/petit_basset.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;petit basset&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjdaLezII2izSHHjcM9nNv19XuJ_OG4UB00MTDzEQpoN1BgNJqqH7ov8QW4HFHcpaAekzNaBOTZyfMOvxlG_GeCFGkcO-94SvJPx7bBQTPtxi-romsOERA6B5lSkn_btkk0E803AUy58wH/s1600/pharaoh_hound.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjdaLezII2izSHHjcM9nNv19XuJ_OG4UB00MTDzEQpoN1BgNJqqH7ov8QW4HFHcpaAekzNaBOTZyfMOvxlG_GeCFGkcO-94SvJPx7bBQTPtxi-romsOERA6B5lSkn_btkk0E803AUy58wH/s1600/pharaoh_hound.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;pharaoh hound&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY2GvBL2yyQZDhOs9Vz8jWr-wbVgkJ4q0DIzKDqz5SHQnLwBSP2GxnU-hPnf0-wNBbL9_du7LM3TeiGZfPNusdGUNR94rYNpdg9zCqCgt7L6e_DGqCWIRrw6aHabry4Auxh09Mtq31o4HV/s1600/pomerian.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;169&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY2GvBL2yyQZDhOs9Vz8jWr-wbVgkJ4q0DIzKDqz5SHQnLwBSP2GxnU-hPnf0-wNBbL9_du7LM3TeiGZfPNusdGUNR94rYNpdg9zCqCgt7L6e_DGqCWIRrw6aHabry4Auxh09Mtq31o4HV/s320/pomerian.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;pomerian&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBoljG9CZ2t1mKR2sBfFlSzerW43DBe8gM6ulFZRRFWrjypkNqYb3saSPpuwTs_N-kF-Mylp1ojmVHGhmalqbPgmdVVEOLsdm563WAtFJjS6V3POd7WIbRUMbRiqyJNgtPnh4MBcZaLqcN/s1600/pug.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;147&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBoljG9CZ2t1mKR2sBfFlSzerW43DBe8gM6ulFZRRFWrjypkNqYb3saSPpuwTs_N-kF-Mylp1ojmVHGhmalqbPgmdVVEOLsdm563WAtFJjS6V3POd7WIbRUMbRiqyJNgtPnh4MBcZaLqcN/s320/pug.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;pug&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhccahiXXsQ4n68tM3P85LPqQKvkdmMOZ2ZrYsCOMkyD_1jheGbVmpksvzJdKPNc7hDzBT0rMJ3iOfC91AjTyHuX-cSxqJVEhvRm3nliQSMp4GMjRklhMmdnRyKl4q9aKQp0vptNv-t_WNv/s1600/rottweiler.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhccahiXXsQ4n68tM3P85LPqQKvkdmMOZ2ZrYsCOMkyD_1jheGbVmpksvzJdKPNc7hDzBT0rMJ3iOfC91AjTyHuX-cSxqJVEhvRm3nliQSMp4GMjRklhMmdnRyKl4q9aKQp0vptNv-t_WNv/s1600/rottweiler.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
rottweiler&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibDJclRwvrD0-o6lkicL3j72-mZv2W6nphWzhsK6DUmXcR4c4vzU7ZcKXtawFM9Ky_AR11DFi6Rv7_8Sti3FC2jdVi00GnoOswFh6fRLXnF3-4lM-_JelsPzErfhg1gMo5HiIpQyHUwSpL/s1600/saint+bernard.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;142&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibDJclRwvrD0-o6lkicL3j72-mZv2W6nphWzhsK6DUmXcR4c4vzU7ZcKXtawFM9Ky_AR11DFi6Rv7_8Sti3FC2jdVi00GnoOswFh6fRLXnF3-4lM-_JelsPzErfhg1gMo5HiIpQyHUwSpL/s320/saint+bernard.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;saint bernard&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3hlgFAOsBn-GRr2E6K13TWBUU9oR1NH7saTkEfLI-5-LbFLZQJ5WryXR1RCvuUDqvQAS9LrIJX5MRxOi5yA911otjHYUqoMDsvbvQFN0LhJSmI-z5v_OjRzOSOHGNsbO23DSuBygADQAz/s1600/samoyed.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;142&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3hlgFAOsBn-GRr2E6K13TWBUU9oR1NH7saTkEfLI-5-LbFLZQJ5WryXR1RCvuUDqvQAS9LrIJX5MRxOi5yA911otjHYUqoMDsvbvQFN0LhJSmI-z5v_OjRzOSOHGNsbO23DSuBygADQAz/s320/samoyed.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;samoyed&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxrhMF7M21bjKnGWQqJ2rXxRRH-AwkpH-G63mJqJWDAS_lzZ3KkcxL1vHkhzzcSMxoDi3GI-5onp6Lvscp0qG4VSRaDFQBueT05WL9eLQenuqWc96ULdYE9OQF_xfD38j_cgyg_BGZUl4q/s1600/shetland+sheepdog.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;166&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxrhMF7M21bjKnGWQqJ2rXxRRH-AwkpH-G63mJqJWDAS_lzZ3KkcxL1vHkhzzcSMxoDi3GI-5onp6Lvscp0qG4VSRaDFQBueT05WL9eLQenuqWc96ULdYE9OQF_xfD38j_cgyg_BGZUl4q/s320/shetland+sheepdog.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;shetland sheepdog&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0dtRE0ul5bunWbMwRs3YDOIWwJt72a4iCsqSXJntECuG4GDh5Z0QZNaksWnTnx6UiY3ih78nHojQgO8C9hjHxACUZHRf0iJRmCa_n2NFrt4p3aOsY5xf3s1IEmRxE8Ow_HSkkNrqgO_wO/s1600/shih+tzu.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;184&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0dtRE0ul5bunWbMwRs3YDOIWwJt72a4iCsqSXJntECuG4GDh5Z0QZNaksWnTnx6UiY3ih78nHojQgO8C9hjHxACUZHRf0iJRmCa_n2NFrt4p3aOsY5xf3s1IEmRxE8Ow_HSkkNrqgO_wO/s320/shih+tzu.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;shih tzu&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcOmIp4_-xzVDpduaWCgNZ2uhvNTBNBbdcxjNyE665pWNQJjBcpud9TlUDRPosHN4bpfk0Y4wTQRGl-rGKPluyFxvUGR_xn9axjeDMtkz2aisF-f0tykhU9bOpzYi3NRFCa4BowVLKG2k7/s1600/siberian+huskie.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;232&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcOmIp4_-xzVDpduaWCgNZ2uhvNTBNBbdcxjNyE665pWNQJjBcpud9TlUDRPosHN4bpfk0Y4wTQRGl-rGKPluyFxvUGR_xn9axjeDMtkz2aisF-f0tykhU9bOpzYi3NRFCa4BowVLKG2k7/s320/siberian+huskie.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;siberian huskie&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAk8WUJpx52guNf-86GKKJ1Po4k4cyfvEVnEJnQbhi9VV_Zk9tsfh5V8MGrxJl6TkxSatGL6QuGNM12SV96tXQrspFWtb5nksowI-BdLEaSbs2T-c3iNv7HCgPcjQJqqk5cpSJ9gnizhWx/s1600/toy_fox_terrier.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAk8WUJpx52guNf-86GKKJ1Po4k4cyfvEVnEJnQbhi9VV_Zk9tsfh5V8MGrxJl6TkxSatGL6QuGNM12SV96tXQrspFWtb5nksowI-BdLEaSbs2T-c3iNv7HCgPcjQJqqk5cpSJ9gnizhWx/s1600/toy_fox_terrier.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;toy fox terrier&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoLO94epan9FF3gnC0GqEZXXaDWAbZQG_dlpywdIoC4BI9U_otOBNy1NVMD698toWCSlPoXP1zzPtr9MhpgCoekWoP4l2yPhh-1jc9mLCSiHSdc8QeTDVFrqJPTmCRizUrTPr1zW7U2_di/s1600/toy_poodle.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoLO94epan9FF3gnC0GqEZXXaDWAbZQG_dlpywdIoC4BI9U_otOBNy1NVMD698toWCSlPoXP1zzPtr9MhpgCoekWoP4l2yPhh-1jc9mLCSiHSdc8QeTDVFrqJPTmCRizUrTPr1zW7U2_di/s1600/toy_poodle.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;toy poodle&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjkRkmbikMO13t2w-shRDwkNAeKZ9XvqfHkf0m4UrJ_5dcaq4hNr1jKPJ-NvnWctcL3cg2vGw6uARcrTh93BdRAk1fQbnP-sFAuDVGAdVaLODtoIR5oo5UyBMhpUJUHYtwhphoMICy81Rj/s1600/westie2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;158&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjkRkmbikMO13t2w-shRDwkNAeKZ9XvqfHkf0m4UrJ_5dcaq4hNr1jKPJ-NvnWctcL3cg2vGw6uARcrTh93BdRAk1fQbnP-sFAuDVGAdVaLODtoIR5oo5UyBMhpUJUHYtwhphoMICy81Rj/s320/westie2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
westie&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Sumber: Google&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span id=&quot;goog_1989055552&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_1989055553&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/80056001815125532/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/jenis-anjing-ras-american-bulldog.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/80056001815125532'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/80056001815125532'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/jenis-anjing-ras-american-bulldog.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0wcby5WX6jrqNs3wxOX-dH5UOnPbHRQYGxEFE1QtEcjjIviAHmrX-xPH2m35O3C_zJZUqjvxGEpR3x7PXjPV_Sr0esJeWOX8Qq-pSs9zFrSX0F3b0O_NKkt8z9daIJePUTTCRwncHEblk/s72-c/american_bulldog.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-6932203935581506217</id><published>2012-06-12T00:35:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-06-12T00:35:00.868-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;KUCING&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Kucing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;,&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Felis
silvestris catus&lt;/i&gt;, adalah sejenis&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karnivora.
Kata &quot;kucing&quot; biasanya merujuk kepada &quot;kucing&quot; yang telah
dijinakkan,&lt;sup&gt;[3]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tetapi bisa juga merujuk kepada
&quot;kucing besar&quot; seperti&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;singa,&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harimau, dan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;macan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing
telah berbaur dengan kehidupan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;manusia&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;paling tidak sejak 6.000 tahun SM,
dari kerangka kucing di&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pulau Siprus.&lt;sup&gt;[4]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Orang&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Mesir Kuno&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari 3.500 SM telah menggunakan kucing
untuk menjauhkan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tikus&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hewan
pengerat&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain dari&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lumbungyang menyimpan hasil panen.&lt;sup&gt;[5]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Saat
ini, kucing adalah salah satu hewan peliharaan terpopuler di dunia.&lt;sup&gt;[6]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kucing yang garis keturunannya
tercatat secara resmi sebagai kucing&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;trah&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau galur murni (&lt;i&gt;pure breed&lt;/i&gt;),
seperti persia, siam, manx, sphinx. Kucing seperti ini biasanya dibiakkan di
tempat pemeliharaan hewan resmi. Jumlah kucing ras hanyalah 1% dari seluruh
kucing di dunia, sisanya adalah kucing dengan keturunan campuran seperti kucing
liar atau kucing kampung.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; padding: 0in 0in 2pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Karakteristik&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing peliharaan atau kucing rumah
adalah salah satu&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;predator&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;terhebat di dunia. Kucing ini dapat membunuh
atau memakan beberapa ribu spesies—&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;kucing besar&lt;/span&gt;biasanya
kurang dari 100. Tetapi karena ukurannya yang kecil, kucing tidak begitu
berbahaya bagi manusia— satu-satunya bahaya yang dapat timbul adalah
kemungkinan terjadinya infeksi&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;rabies&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;akibat
gigitan kucing dan juga cakaran dari kuku kucing yang sangat perih dan
menyakitkan. Kucing dapat berakibat fatal bagi suatu&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ekosistem&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang
bukan tempat tinggal alaminya. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Pada beberapa kasus, kucing berperan
atau menyebabkan kepunahan. Kucing menyergap dan melumpuhkan mangsa dengan cara
yang mirip dengan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;singa&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;harimau&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;—
menggigit leher mangsa dengan gigi taring yang tajam sehingga melukai&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;saraf&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;tulang
belakang&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;atau menyebabkan mangsa kehabisan napas dengan merusak&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;tenggorokan&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing
dianggap sebagai &quot;karnivora yang sempurna&quot; dengan gigi dan saluran
pencernaan yang khusus. Gigi premolar dan molar pertama membentuk sepasang
taring di setiap sisi mulut yang bekerja efektif seperti gunting untuk merobek
daging. Meskipun ciri ini juga terdapat pada famili&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Canidae&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;atau&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;anjing&lt;/span&gt;, tapi
ciri ini berkembang lebih baik pada kucing. Tidak seperti&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;karnivora&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;lain,
kucing hampir tidak makan apapun yang mengandung tumbuhan.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Beruang&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;anjing&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;kadang
memakan buah, akar, atau madu sebagai suplemen jika ada sementara kucing hanya
memakan daging, biasanya buruan segar. Dalam penangkaran, kucing tidak dapat
diadaptasikan dengan diet vegetarian karena mereka tidak dapat mensintesis
semua asam-asam amino yang mereka butuhkan hanya dengan memakan tumbuhan;
berbeda dengan anjing peliharaan, yang sering diberi makan produk campuran
daging dan sayuran dan kadang dapat beradaptasi dengan diet vegetarian secara
total.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Meskipun memiliki reputasi sebagai
hewan penyendiri, kucing biasanya dapat membentuk&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;koloni&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;liar
tetapi tidak menyerang dalam kelompok seperti&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;singa&lt;/span&gt;. Setiap kucing
memiliki daerahnya sendiri (jantan yang aktif secara seksual memiliki daerah
terbesar, sedang jantan steril memiliki daerah paling kecil) dan selalu
terdapat daerah &quot;netral&quot; dimana para kucing dapat saling mengawasi
atau bertemu tanpa adanya konflik teritorial atau agresi. Di luar daerah netral
ini, penguasa daerah biasa akan mengejar kucing asing, diawali dengan menatap,
mendesis, hingga menggeram, dan bila kucing asing itu tetap tinggal, biasanya
akan terjadi perkelahian singkat.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing yang sedang berkelahi
menegakkan rambut tubuh dan melengkungkan punggung agar mereka tampak lebih
besar. Serangan biasanya terdiri dari tamparan di bagian wajah dan tubuh dengan
kaki depan yang kadang disertai gigitan. Luka serius pada kucing akibat
perkelahian jarang terjadi karena pihak yang kalah biasanya akan lari setelah
mengalami beberapa luka di wajah. Jantan yang aktif biasanya sering terlibat
banyak perkelahian sepanjang hidupnya. Hal ini tampak pada berbagai luka di
bagian&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;wajah&lt;/span&gt;,
seperti hidung atau telinga. Kucing betina kadang juga terlibat perkelahian
untuk melindungi anak-anaknya bahkan kucing steril pun akan mempertahankan
daerah kecilnya dengan gigih.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Melihat dari perilaku kucing yang
ada saat ini, kucing liar yang merupakan nenek moyang kucing peliharaan
diperkiraan berevolusi pada&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;iklim&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;gurun&lt;/span&gt;. Kucing senang dengan suasana hangat dan sering tidur di
bawah hangatnya sinar matahari. Kotorannya biasanya kering dan kucing lebih
suka menguburnya di tempat berpasir. Kucing dapat mematung, tidak bergerak
cukup lama terutama ketika sedang mengintai mangsa atau bersiap untuk
&quot;pounce&quot;. Di&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Afrika Utara&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;masih ditemukan kucing liar
yang mungkin berkerabat dekat dengan nenek moyang kucing peliharaan saat ini.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Karena memiliki kekerabatan yang
dekat dengan binatang gurun, ketahanan kucing terhadap panas dan dinginnya
iklim daerah subtropis agak terbatas. Kucing tidak tahan terhadap&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;kabut&lt;/span&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;hujan&lt;/span&gt;, dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;salju&lt;/span&gt;, meskipun ada
beberapa jenis seperti&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Norwegian Forest Cat&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Maine
Coon&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang mampu bertahan; dan berusaha mempertahankan suhu tubuh
normalnya, yaitu 39&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;°C&lt;/span&gt;,
dalam keadaan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;basah&lt;/span&gt;. Kebanyakan kucing
tidak suka berendam dalam&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;air&lt;/span&gt;, kecuali jenis&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Turkish Van&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Masa
kehamilan atau&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;gestasi&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;pada kucing
berkisar 63 hari. Anak kucing terlahir buta dan tuli. Mata mereka baru terbuka
pada usia 8-10 hari. Anak kucing akan disapih oleh induknya pada usia 6-7
minggu dan kematangan seksual dicapai pada umur 10-15 bulan. Kucing dapat
mengandung 4 janin sekaligus karena rahimnya memiliki bentuk yang khusus dengan
4 bagian yang berbeda.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing biasanya memiliki berat badan
antara 2,5 hingga 7&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;kilogram&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan jarang melebihi 10 kg. Bila diberi makan
berlebihan, kucing dapat mencapai berat badan 23 kg. Tapi kondisi ini amat
tidak sehat bagi kucing dan harus dihindari. Dalam penangkaran, kucing dapat
hidup selama 15 hingga 20 tahun, kucing tertua diketahui berusia 36 tahun.
Kucing peliharaan yang tidak diperbolehkan keluar rumah dan disterilkan dapat
hidup lebih lama (mengurangi risiko perkelahian dan kecelakaan). Kucing liar
yang hidup di lingkungan urban modern hanya hidup selama 2 tahun atau bahkan
kurang dari itu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing peliharaan yang tinggal di
dalam rumah harus diberi kotak kotoran yang berisi pasir atau bahan khusus yang
dijual di toko hewan peliharaan. Perlu juga disediakan tempat khusus bagi
kucing untuk mencakar. Hal ini penting karena kucing memerlukan kegiatan
mencakar ini untuk menanggalkan lapisan lama pada kukunya agar kukunya dapat
tetap tajam dan terjaga kesehatannya. Tidak adanya tempat khusus ini akan
menyebabkan kucing banyak merusak perabotan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Sering kali kucing menunjukkan
perilaku memilih makanan. Hal ini dikarenakan mereka memiliki organ pembau
khusus di langit-langit mulutnya yang disebut sebagai&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;organ vomeronasal&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;atau&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;organ
Jacobson&lt;/i&gt;. Ketika organ ini terstimulasi oleh suatu jenis makanan tertentu,
kucing akan menolak makanan selain makanan itu.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing
dapat melihat dalam cahaya yang amat terang. Mereka memiliki&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Selaput
pelangi&lt;/span&gt;atau&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;iris&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;membentuk celah pada&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mata&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang akan
menyempit. Meskipun demikian, penyempitan ini juga mengurangi bidang pandang
kucing. Suatu organ yang disebut&lt;i&gt;tapetum lucidum&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;digunakan dalam
lingkungan dengan sedikit cahaya. Organ inilah yang menyebabkan warna-warni
mata kucing ketika difoto dengan menggunakan blitz. Seperti kebanyakan
predator, kedua mata kucing menghadap ke depan, menghasilkan persepsi jarak dan
mengurangi besarnya bidang pandang. Mata kucing memiliki&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;persepsi&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;trikomatik&lt;/span&gt;yang lemah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Ketika cahaya yang ada terlalu
sedikit untuk melihat, kucing akan menggunakan &quot;kumis&quot; atau misainya
(&lt;i&gt;vibrissae&lt;/i&gt;) untuk membantunya menentukan arah dan menjadi alat indera
tambahan. Misai dapat mendeteksi perubahan angin yang amat kecil, membuat
kucing dapat mengetahui adanya benda-benda di sekitarnya tanpa melihat.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing memiliki kelopak mata ketiga
yang disebut&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;membrana niktitans&lt;/span&gt;.
Kelopak ketiga ini terdiri dari suatu lapisan tipis yang dapat menutupi mata
dan nampak ketika mata kucing terbuka. Membran ini menutup sebagian ketika
kucing sedang sakit. Kadang kucing yang amat mengantuk atau gembira juga
memperlihatkan membran ini.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Suara kucing sering ditulis
&quot;meong&quot; dalam&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bahasa
Indonesia&lt;/span&gt;. Dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan di&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Amerika&lt;/span&gt;,
suara kucing ditulis &quot;meow&quot;. Di negara&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Inggris&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;sendiri,
penulisannya adalah &quot;miaow&quot;, &quot;miaow&quot; dalam&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bahasa
Perancis&lt;/span&gt;, &quot;miau&quot; dalam&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bahasa Jerman&lt;/span&gt;,
&quot;nya&quot; dalam&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bahasa Jepang&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan berbagai penulisan lain
dalam berbagai bahasa. Suara &quot;meong&quot; kucing memiliki berbagai arti
tergantung pengucapannya oleh si kucing. Kucing juga dapat mengeluarkan suara
seperti dengkuran panjang yang sering disukai manusia. Karena suara ini bukan
merupakan suara vokal, maka kucing dapat mengeluarkan suara dengkuran dan
mengeong pada saat yang sama.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Umumnya
semua daun telinga kucing tegak. Tidak seperti pada anjing, kucing dengan
telinga terlipat amat jarang ditemukan. Jenis&lt;i&gt;Scottish Fold&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;adalah
salah satu jenis kucing dengan mutasi genetik yang langka ini. Ketika marah
atau takut, daun telinga kucing jenis ini akan tertekuk ke belakang sementara
si kucing mengeluarkan suara menggeram atau mendesis. Ketika mendengarkan suatu
suara, daun telinga kucing akan bergerak ke arah sumber suara; daun telinga
kucing dapat mengarah ke depan, ke samping, bahkan seolah menoleh ke belakang.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing termasuk hewan yang bersih.
Mereka sering merawat diri dengan menjilati rambut mereka.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Saliva&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;atau
air liur mereka adalah agen pembersih yang kuat, tapi dapat memicu&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;alergi&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;pada
manusia. Kadang kala kucing memuntahkan&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;hairball&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;atau gulungan
rambut yang terkumpul di dalam perut mereka.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing menyimpan energi dengan cara
tidur lebih sering ketimbang hewan lain. Lama tidur kucing bervariasi antara
12-16 jam per hari, dengan angka rata-rata 13-14 jam. Tetapi tidak jarang
dijumpai kucing yang tidur selama 20 jam dalam satu hari&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; padding: 0in 0in 2pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;


&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Jenis-jenis kucing peliharaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;


&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Ras&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Jumlah
jenis kucing ras di seluruh dunia amat banyak. Setiap ras memiliki ciri khusus,
tapi karena sering terjadinya kawin silang antar ras, banyak kucing yang hanya
dikelompokkan dalam jenis bulu panjang dan bulu pendek, tergantung jenis rambut
penutup tubuhnya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Ada banyak
macam ras kucing, beberapa diantaranya&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Manx&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Sebagian orang menyebutnya&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Rumpy&lt;/i&gt;. Ekornya pendek, Warna
bulunya cokelat dan lavender. Sifatnya setia, ramah dan pintar.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Maine
Coon&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Asalnya dari&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Maine, AS, keturunan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Angora&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan American Shorthair. Sifatnya lucu,
pemalu tapi mau, dan mudah akrab. Bulunya tipis, lembut, dan warnanya beragam.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;British
Shorthair&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Dikembangkan di Inggris. Kucing ini kalem, lembut,
hangat, dan pintar. Warna bulunya ada yang polos (putih,hitam,biru,merah dan
krem), dwiwarna, hitam pekat, belang.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Burmese
(Burma)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing ini dibiakkan oleh Dr. Thompson (AS) dari kucing
ratu wong mau (Burma) dan siam. Warna cokelat musang, warna lainnya biru,
champagne, lifa, merah, cokelat, dan biru kura-kura. sifatnya periang dan lucu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Chinchilla
longhair&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Inilah kucing persia paling anggun. Nenek moyangnya dari
Inggris. Ras ini dibagi dalam dua macam, yaitu chinchilla warna cerah (sejati)
dan yang agak gelap (perak gradasi).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;


&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Macam warna&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Kucing
memiliki banyak warna dan macam pola. Ciri fisik ini tidak bergantung pada
rasnya. Kucing rumahan dikelompokkan ke dalam jenis berikut berdasar penampakan
fisiknya&amp;nbsp;:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;bulu
pendek&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;bulu
panjang&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;oriental
(bukan ras khusus, semua kucing yang bertubuh langsing, mata berbentuk almond,
daun telinga lebar, dan rambut tubuh halus yang pendek)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 27pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Gen yang mengatur warna dan pola pada
bulu kucing menentukan penampilan fisik dari kucing yang membedakan mereka ke
dalam:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Telon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;atau&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;calico&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;dasar putih dengan bercak warna hitam atau oranye (atau
biru atau krem). Orang&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Jepang&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sering menyebut pola ini sebagai&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;mi-ke&lt;/i&gt;. Karena&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gen&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengendali warna bulu terletak pada&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kromosom&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelamin (bertaut&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelamin), kucing telon yang beraneka
warna ini umumnya betina.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tortoiseshell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;hitam dengan warna oranye dan putih tersebar di seluruh
tubuhnya. Kucing yang memiliki warna hitam, oranye terang, dan oranye gelap
disebut sebagai&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Calimanco&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Clouded
Tiger&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tabby&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;bergaris dengan bermacam pola. Pola klasik pada kucing
ini berbentuk bulatan-bulatan atau lingkaran. Tabby jenis&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;mackerel&lt;/i&gt;mempunyai tiga garis
yang tampak di samping tubuhnya, membuat kucing ini seperti ikan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mackerel.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Maltese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;nama lama dari kucing biru (abu-abu).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bicolor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;(dua
warna)&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;disebut juga&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Tuxedo
cat&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Jellicle cat&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karena memiliki bulu berwarna hitam
dengan sedikit warna putih pada bagian kaki, perut, dada, dan mungkin pula di
bagian wajah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; padding: 0in 0in 2pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;


&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Domestikasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Seperti
halnya hewan yang telah mengalami&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;domestikasi&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(penjinakan), kucing hidup dalam
hubungan&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mutualistik&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan manusia. Tapi sejarah
mutualisme ini jauh lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan hewan domestikasi yang
lain dan tingkat domestikasi kucing juga masih diperdebatkan. Karena keuntungan
yang diperoleh dari adanya kucing, maka manusia membiarkan kucing liar
berkeliaran di pemukiman. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Nenek
moyang kucing rumahan tidak terlalu dekat dengan pemiliknya, berbeda dengan
hewan domestik yang lain. Sejarah inilah yang mungkin menyebabkan tidak adanya
ikatan yang kuat yang dimiliki kucing pada pemiliknya. Akibatnya, kebanyakan
pemilik kucing menganggap kucing adalah hewan yang tidak terlalu peduli dan
mandiri. Namun, kucing dapat sangat dekat dengan pemiliknya, terutama jika ia
dibesarkan sejak kecil dan sering mendapatkan perhatian.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; padding: 0in 0in 2pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Aspek
budaya&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Pada masa silam diyakini bahwa&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;nenek moyang&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;kucing
adalah&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Miacis&lt;/i&gt;, binatang liar pada masa&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Eosen&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang sosoknya
mirip&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;musang&lt;/span&gt;,
kira-kira 50 juta tahun silam.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Catatan paling awal tentang usaha
domestikasi kucing adalah sekitar tahun 4000 SM di Mesir, ketika kucing
digunakan untuk menjaga toko bahan pangan dari serangan tikus. Namun, baru-baru
ini dalam sebuah makan di Shillourokambos,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Siprus&lt;/span&gt;,
bertahun 7500 SM, ditemukan kerangka kucing yang dikuburkan bersama manusia.
Karena tikus bukanlah hewan asli Siprus, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa paling tidak
pada saat itu, telah terjadi usaha domestikasi kucing. Kerangka kucing yang
ditemukan di Siprus ini mirip dengan spesies kucing liar yang merupakan nenek
moyang kucing rumahan saat ini.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[7]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[8]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Pada
tahun 1.800-an ditemukan suatu kuburan atau tepatnya &quot;situs&quot;
berisikan 300.000 mumi kucing dalam keadaan masih utuh, yang menandakan dahulu
kucing memang suatu hewan yang spesial. Orang Mesir kuno menganggap kucing
sebagai penjelmaan Dewi&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Bast&lt;/span&gt;, juga dikenal sebagai Bastet atau
Thet. Hukuman untuk membunuh kucing adalah mati, dan jika ada kucing yang mati
kadang dimumikan seperti halnya manusia.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Di&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;abad
pertengahan&lt;/span&gt;, kucing sering dianggap berasosiasi dengan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;penyihir&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan sering
dibunuh dengan dibakar atau dilempar dari tempat tinggi. Beberapa ahli sejarah
berpendapat bahwa takhyul seperti inilah yang menyebabkan wabah&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Black Death&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;menyebar
dengan cepat.&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Black Death&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;diperkirakan merupakan sebuah wabah&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;penyakit pes&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;di&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Eropa&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;pada abad
ke-14. Cepatnya penyebaran wabah ini menyebabkan banyak orang waktu itu percaya
bahwa&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;setanlah&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang
menyebabkan penyakit tersebut. Pernyataan&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Paus&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;menyebutkan bahwa kucing yang
berkeliaran dengan bebas telah bersekutu dengan setan. Karena pernyataan ini,
banyak kucing dibunuh di Eropa pada saat itu. Penurunan jumlah populasi kucing
menyebabkan meningkatnya jumlah tikus, hewan pembawa penyakit pes yang
sesungguhnya.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Saat ini, orang masih percaya bahwa
kucing hitam adalah pembawa sial sementara ada yang percaya bahwa kucing hitam
justru membawa keberuntungan. Kucing juga masih diasosiasikan dengan sihir.
Kucing hitam sering diasosiasikan dengan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Halloween&lt;/span&gt;.
Penganut&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;wicca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;neopaganisme&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang
lain mempercayai bahwa kucing sebenarnya baik, mampu berhubungan dengan dunia
lain, dan dapat merasakan adanya roh jahat.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Di&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Asia&lt;/span&gt;, kucing termasuk ke
dalam salah satu&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;zodiak&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vietnam&lt;/span&gt;. Namun kucing tidak termasuk ke dalam zodiak&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Tionghoa&lt;/span&gt;.
Menurut legenda, ketika Raja Langit mengadakan pesta untuk hewan yang akan
dipilih menjadi zodiak, ia mengutus tikus untuk mengundang hewan-hewan yang
telah dipilihnya. Bagian cerita ini dikisahkan dalam berbagai versi, tikus lupa
untuk mengundang kucing, tikus menipu kucing mengenai hari pesta, dan berbagai
variasi lainnya. Pada akhirnya kucing tidak hadir dalam pesta itu, tidak
terpilih menjadi hewan zodiak, sehingga memiliki dendam kesumat pada tikus.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Dalam&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;syariat Islam&lt;/span&gt;,
seorang muslim diperintahkan untuk tidak menyakiti atau bahkan membunuh kucing,
berdasarkan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;hadits&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;shahih
yang diriwayatkan oleh&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Imam Muslim&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;dari kisah&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Abdullah bin
Umar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[9]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Abu Hurairah&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[10]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Hukum menjual dan membeli kucing pun
dalam syariat Islam adalah haram hukumnya berdasarkan dalil hadits Nabi
Muhammad dan kaidah fiqih (al-qawa’id al-kulliyah). Dalil hadits Muhammad,
diriwayatkan dari sahabat&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Jabir bin Abdillah&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;bahwasanya
sang Nabi telah melarang memakan kucing dan melarang pula memakan harga kucing.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[11]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;Hadits
Muhammad itu menjadi dalil haramnya memakan kucing dan memperjual-belikan
kucing. Jadi Umat Islam diharamkan untuk memperdagangkan kucing sebagaimana
mereka diharamkan memakan daging kucing.&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[12]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; padding: 0in 0in 2pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: none; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;Catatan
kaki&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ITIS&lt;/span&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;ITIS
Standard Report Page: Felis catus domestica&quot;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref
bernama&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Driscoll&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;&quot;Housecat&quot;
in the American Heritage Dictionary&quot;&lt;/span&gt;. Education.yahoo.com.
Diakses pada 6 Oktober 2010.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Meet Helen
and Aphrodite, Cyprus&#39;s indigenous cats&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&quot;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;China
Daily&lt;/i&gt;. Diakses pada 3 November 2009.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;5.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;Oldest
Known Pet Cat? 9500-Year-Old Burial Found on Cyprus&quot;&lt;/span&gt;. National
Geographic News. 8 April 2004. Diakses pada 6 Maret 2007.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;6.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Carlos A. Driscoll, Juliet
Clutton-Brock, Andrew C. Kitchener and Stephen J. O&#39;Brien.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;The
Evolution of House Cats&quot;&lt;/span&gt;. Scientific American. Diakses pada 26
Agustus 2009.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;7.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2004/0408cats.shtml&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;8.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;http://www.cbc.ca/stories/2004/04/08/sci-tech/cat_tomb040408&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;9.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Kisah dari&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Abdullah bin
Umar&lt;/span&gt;, bahwa Muhammad bersabda, &quot;Seorang wanita disiksa karena
mengurung seekor kucing sampai mati. Kemudian wanita itu masuk neraka
karenanya, yaitu karena ketika mengurungnya ia tidak memberinya makan dan tidak
pula memberinya minum sebagaimana ia tidak juga melepasnya mencari makan dari
serangga-serangga tanah.&quot; Hadits shahih diriwayatkan oleh&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Imam Muslim&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;No.4160.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;10.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Kisah dari&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Abu Hurairah&lt;/span&gt;,
Muhammad bersabda, &quot;Seorang wanita disiksa karena seekor kucing yang tidak
diberi makan dan minum serta tidak pula ia melepasnya mencari makanan dari
serangga-serangga tanah.&quot; Hadits shahih riwayat&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Imam Muslim&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;No.4161.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;11.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Hadits riwayat Tirmidzi, Ibnu
Majah, dan Al-Hakim, hadits shahih. Lihat Imam As-Suyuthi, Al-Jami’ Al-Shaghir,
Juz II hal. 191).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;12.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Tentang haramnya memakan
kucing lihat Asy-Syarbaini Al-Khathib, Al-Iqna`, Juz II hal. 273; Syaikh
Zakariyya Al-Anshari, Fathul Wahhab, Juz II hal. 192.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 38.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/goog_1542669155&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sumber: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kucing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/6932203935581506217/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/kucing-kucing-felissilvestris-catus.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/6932203935581506217'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/6932203935581506217'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/kucing-kucing-felissilvestris-catus.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-3888969527797946508</id><published>2012-06-11T23:40:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2012-06-11T23:40:31.036-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #cc0000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;SMEDI &amp;nbsp;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;stillbirth , mummification , embryonic death, and infertility)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #cc0000;&quot;&gt;Pada Babi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; SMEDI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; (sebuah akronim dari kelahiran mati , mumifikasi , kematian embrio, dan infertilitas) adalah penyakit reproduksi babi yang disebabkan oleh porcine parvovirus (PPV) dan porcine Enterovirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Istilah SMEDI biasanya mengarah ke porcine &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Enterovirus,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; tetapi juga bisa
mengarah porcine &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;parvovirus,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
yang merupakan penyebab penting dari sindrom. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhsLQOw2RFtermSSSZQ3PWJ-NmYkg#cite_note-1&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[2]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
SMEDI juga menyebabkan aborsi, kematian neonatal, dan penurunan kesuburan
pejantan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Dari sudut pandang ekonomi SMEDI adalah penyakit penting
karena hilangnya produktivitas dari kematian janin menyebabkan kerugian pada
peternak. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhsLQOw2RFtermSSSZQ3PWJ-NmYkg#cite_note-Kohler_1983-2&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[3]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
infeksi awal dari sebuah kawanan menyebabkan pengaruh paling besar, tapi
kerugian berjalan lambat dari waktu ke waktu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Penyakit ini disebarkan paling sering dari konsumsi makanan
dan air yang terkontaminasi dengan kotoran yang terinfeksi dan kadang-kadang
melalui kontak seksual dan kontak dengan jaringan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhsLQOw2RFtermSSSZQ3PWJ-NmYkg#cite_note-Carter-3&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;[4]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
Sebuah &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;vaksin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; tersedia ( &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;ATCvet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; code: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;QI09 AA02&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Hal ini tergantung pada usia hewan yang terkena dan
efisiensi sistem kekebalan tubuh.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;perlindungan
Colostral berlangsung sampai usia 5 bulan, setelah itu menurun dan meningkatkan
lagi di sekitar 12 bulan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;infeksi Prenatal: perjalanan virus
dari induk yang terinfeksi ke janin melalui plasenta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Dalam hal ini, waktu kehamilan
menentukan tingkat infeksi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0in;&quot; type=&quot;circle&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Jika
      janin terinfeksi dalam 30 hari pertama kehidupan janin, Terjadi kematian
      dan penyerapan semua, atau sebagian janin. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Dalam hal ini, Anda mungkin memiliki
kelahiran anak babi yang sehat, immunotollerant.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0in;&quot; type=&quot;circle&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Jika
      infeksi terjadi pada 40 hari, Terjadi &amp;nbsp;kematian dan mumifikasi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Juga dalam kasus ini beberapa janin
bisa lahir carrier sehat dan immunotollerant, atau kena penyakit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0in;&quot; type=&quot;circle&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Jika
      virus menyerang &amp;nbsp;plasenta pada
      trimester terakhir, mungkin terjadi kematian neonatal, atau kelahiran
      anak babi yang sehat dengan kekebalan pre-colostral.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0in;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Infeksi postnatal (babi sampai
     usia 1 tahun). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Infeksi terjadi oro-nasal, diikuti
dengan periode viremic terkait dengan leukopenia sementara.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0in;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Infeksi pada dewasa (lebih dari
     1 tahun). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Hewan ini akan memiliki sistem perlindungan
kekebalan aktif yang melindungi hewan, meskipun harus kawin dengan pejantan
yang terinfeksi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Oleh
karena itu, penting untuk dicatat bahwa virus sangat berbahaya bagi pejantan
dalam kehamilan pertama, pada usia 7-8 bulan, karena ia akan memiliki jumlah
antibodi yang sangat rendah pada usia ini dan dengan mudah dapat terinfeksi virus
melalui kopulasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Lesi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Histologi, uterus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;menderita luka di miometrium karena infiltrasi
monosit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gambaran
Janin: pertumbuhan terbelakang, kongesti jaringan superfisial &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;yang mungkin berhubungan dengan perdarahan dan
dehidrasi yang menyebabkan mumifikasi janin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Referensi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;^&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Fenner, Frank J.; Gibbs, E. Paul J.; Murphy, Frederick A.;
Rott, Rudolph; Studdert, Michael J.; White, David O. (1993). Veterinary Virology (2nd ed.) . &lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;
Fenner, Frank J.; Gibbs, E. Paul J.; Murphy, Frederick A.; Rott, Rudolph;
Studdert, J. Michael; White, David O. (1993))
Hewan. Virologi (2nd ed.. Academic Press, Inc. ISBN 0-12-253056-X . Academic
Press, Inc ISBN 0-12-253056-X .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;
Carter, GR, Wise, DJ Flores, EF (2006). &quot;Picornaviridae&quot;
. A Concise Review of Veterinary
Virology . http://www.ivis.org/advances/carter/Part2Chap22/chapter.asp?LA=1
. &lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;
Carter, GR, Wise, DJ Flores, EF (2006). &quot;Picornaviridae&quot;
. Sebuah Tinjauan Singkat dari
Virology Hewan. http://www.ivis.org/advances/carter/Part2Chap22/chapter.asp?LA=1
. Retrieved 2007-03-31 . Diperoleh 2007/03/31.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;
Kohler H (1983). &lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;
Kohler H (1983). &quot;Pathophysiology of gravidity&quot;. Nord Vet Med &lt;b&gt;35&lt;/b&gt; (3): 140–50. &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj9yzi2CMpPZsyA3blOI9g8GSJDhg&quot; title=&quot;PubMed Identifier&quot;&gt;PMID&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6683837&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhz_GRBhJRklkgpp_5MMk6f84JRGA&quot;&gt;6683837&lt;/a&gt;
. &quot;Patofisiologi dari gestasi&quot; 140-50. Nord Vet Med &lt;b&gt;35&lt;/b&gt; (3).: &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj9yzi2CMpPZsyA3blOI9g8GSJDhg&quot; title=&quot;PubMed Identifier&quot;&gt;PMID&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6683837&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhz_GRBhJRklkgpp_5MMk6f84JRGA&quot;&gt;6683837&lt;/a&gt;
.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhsLQOw2RFtermSSSZQ3PWJ-NmYkg#cite_ref-Carter_3-0&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
Carter GR, Wise DJ (2006). &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carter/Part2Chap9/chapter.asp%3FLA%3D1&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhe_EavOHrD1o8PdPFAv6IUGQiSsg&quot;&gt;&quot;Parvoviridae&quot;&lt;/a&gt;
. A Concise Review of Veterinary
Virology . &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carter/Part2Chap9/chapter.asp%3FLA%3D1&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhe_EavOHrD1o8PdPFAv6IUGQiSsg&quot;&gt;http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carter/Part2Chap9/chapter.asp?LA=1&lt;/a&gt;
. &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhsLQOw2RFtermSSSZQ3PWJ-NmYkg#cite_ref-Carter_3-0&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;^&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
Carter GR, Wise DJ (2006). &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carter/Part2Chap9/chapter.asp%3FLA%3D1&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhe_EavOHrD1o8PdPFAv6IUGQiSsg&quot;&gt;&quot;Parvoviridae&quot;&lt;/a&gt;
. Sebuah Tinjauan Singkat dari
Virology Hewan. &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&amp;amp;langpair=en%7Cid&amp;amp;u=http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carter/Part2Chap9/chapter.asp%3FLA%3D1&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.co.id&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhe_EavOHrD1o8PdPFAv6IUGQiSsg&quot;&gt;http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carter/Part2Chap9/chapter.asp?LA=1&lt;/a&gt;
. Retrieved 2006-06-10 . Diperoleh 2006/06/10.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/3888969527797946508/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/smedi-stillbirth-mummification.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/3888969527797946508'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/3888969527797946508'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/smedi-stillbirth-mummification.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-3944168998060105086</id><published>2012-06-11T00:08:00.004-07:00</published><updated>2012-06-11T00:18:40.645-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tatavetblog.blogspot.com/2011/11/munculnya-penyakit-porcine-reproductive.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Munculnya
penyakit Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) baru dan
keterkaitannya dengan patogen zoonosis Streptococcus suis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://images.detik.com/content/2010/06/03/763/babi-depan-vietnamnews.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;220&quot; src=&quot;http://images.detik.com/content/2010/06/03/763/babi-depan-vietnamnews.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;﻿﻿﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Hampir 60% populasi ternak babi
dunia terletak di China dan Asia Tenggara, namun demikian situasi kesehatan
dari populasi&amp;nbsp;babi&amp;nbsp;tersebut sebenarnya sulit diramalkan. [3] Sejak
tahun 2006, industri ternak babi di wilayah ini dilanda munculnya penyakit baru
(emerging disease) highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory
syndrome (HP-PRRS) yang pertama kali dilaporkan di China, kemudian menyebar ke Vietnam,
Filippina, Thailand,&amp;nbsp;Kamboja, Laos, dan Myanmar. [1, 2]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1876131531724721891&quot; name=&quot;more&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Sejak
era Koch dan Pasteur di masa dahulu, para ahli dunia sudah berhasil
mengkompilasi pemahaman yang menakjubkan tentang berbagai penyebab penyakit
menular, bahkan pengetahuan biologi molekuler di era moderen ini berhasil
memberikan pemahaman mendalam sampai ”skala nano” (nanoscale) tentang mekanisme
penyakit pada individu hospes. Meskipun begitu pemahaman para ahli tentang apa
yang mendorong terjadinya perubahan pola penyakit pada tingkatan lebih tinggi,
seperti pada tingkat kelompok ternak (herds), wilayah, nasional, regional,
bahkan global, untuk kurun waktu lama tetap menjadi sesuatu yang relatif
rudimenter. [4]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Ekspansi
dan intensifikasi produksi ternak diidentifikasi sebagai penyebab paling utama
yang menyebabkan masalah-masalah lingkungan di dunia, meliputi pemanasan
global, degradasi lahan, polusi air dan udara, serta kehilangan biodiversitas.
[5, 4] Prediksi tentang pentingnya penyakit menular pada babi di masa mendatang
tidak bisa dilepaskan dari evolusi biologis yang terus berlanjut dan cenderung
menghasilkan patogen-patogen baru. Kita menyaksikan belakangan ini bagaimana
penyakit-penyakit baru muncul seperti Nipah virus, swine influenza H1N1, begitu
juga PRRS dan Porcine Circovirus tipe 2 (PCV2) dimana yang kedua terakhir ini
terus menjadi masalah industri babi yang menonjol sampai saat ini. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Selama
20 tahun terakhir, pergeseran kesehatan populasi babi berlangsung secara
dramatis terutama dipicu oleh perubahan antropogenik terhadap lingkungan dan
dinamika populasi babi. Efisiensi produksi telah mendorong terjadinya sistem
produksi ternak yang lebih intensif, mengarah kepada spesialisasi industri yang
lebih besar, konsentrasi produksi dan integrasi vertikal. Namun peranan
pergeseran ini terhadap kemunculan beberapa penyakit babi baru, seperti PRRS
dan PCV2 tidak diketahui pasti. [4]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Meskipun
efisiensi produksi dibarengi dengan inovasi manajemen kesehatan babi yang lebih
baik telah berhasil mengurangi dampak penyakit-penyakit babi endemik
tradisional seperti trichinellosis, toxoplasmosis, swine dysentry, sarcoptic
mange, neonatal collibacillosis, transmissible gastroenteritis dan lain
sebagainya, akan tetapi risiko munculnya penyakit-penyakit baru (disease
emergence) akan terus ada dan tetap mengancam kesehatan babi dan bahkan manusia
apabila patogen tersebut mampu menular antar spesies. [4]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Dinamika HP-PRRS di Asia Tenggara&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Penyakit
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) atau juga disebut penyakit
kuping biru (blue ear disease) adalah suatu penyakit menular ganas pada babi
yang pertama kali ditemukan hampir secara bersamaan di Amerika utara pada akhir
1980-an dan di Eropa barat pada awal 1990-an. Agen penyebab penyakit ini adalah
virus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (virus PRRS), suatu virus
RNA dengan untaian pendek dan tunggal serta tidak tersegmentasi. [6]
Tanda-tanda klinis dikarakterisasi dengan kegagalan reproduksi pada induk babi
dan gangguan respirasi pada anak babi dan babi untuk penggemukan (fattening
pigs). Penyakit ditularkan horizontal dari babi sakit ke babi yang peka melalui
kontak langsung dan secara vertikal melalui foetus. [7] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Penyakit
ini kemudian dilaporkan terjadi di hampir semua lokasi produksi babi utama di
seluruh dunia, kecuali Australia, Selandia Baru dan Switzerland yang bebas dari
infeksi virus PRRS ini. Pada kenyataannya PRRS merupakan penyakit viral yang
paling merugikan secara ekonomi pada peternakan babi intensif di Eropa dan
Amerika utara. [7] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Virus
PRRS dapat diklasifikasi menjadi dua genotipe yang secara genetik sangat
berbeda. PRRS tipe 1 atau strain Eropa, dengan penyebaran utamanya di benua
Eropa, dan tipe 2 atau strain Amerika utara yang kebanyakan diisolasi di benua
Amerika (utara dan selatan) dan juga di Asia. Secara retrospektif, sirkulasi
virus PRRS tipe 1 atau tipe 2 sebenarnya sudah ditemukan di China dan Thailand
sejak 1996 dan wilayah Mekong River Delta di Vietnam sejak 2000, akan tetapi
sebelumnya pada saat itu tidak ada gejala klinis hebat dihubungkan dengan penyakit
ini. [6, 8]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Pada
musim semi 2006, suatu varian baru virus PRRS dilaporkan di China dan mulanya
diklasifikasi sebagai penyakit demam tinggi (high fever disease). Penyakit ini
menyerang hampir 2,12 juta ekor babi dengan kematian 400 ribu ekor. Gejalanya berbeda
dengan PRRS tradisional dan dikarakterisasi dengan demam tinggi, bintik-bintik
perdarahan pada kulit (petechiae), bercak-bercak kemerahan memucat pada kulit
eritematosa dengan kematian mencapai 100% pada satu unit produksi. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Gambaran
molekuler dari virus PRRS yang diisolasi dari wabah di China tersebut
menunjukkan adanya penghilangan 30 asam amino dari non-struktural protein 2
(NSP2) dan ini kemudian dijadikan sebagai penanda genetik dari virus PRRS baru.
Analisa filogenetik isolat-isolat virus dari China diklasifikasikan menjadi 4
sub-kelompok yang sekuens genomnya memiliki kemiripan 99% satu sama lain. [6]
Dengan penemuan baru tersebut, maka genotipe ini kemudian disebut sebagai virus
PRRS strain China. Begitu juga karena gejala klinis dan patogenesitas berbeda
dengan PRRS tradisional,&amp;nbsp;maka penyakit ini kemudian disebut highly
pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (HP-PRRS). Penyebaran
HP-PRRS sejak pertama kali dilaporkan di China dan kemudian ke Asia Tenggara
2006-2011 dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij1Qt_kHXfzEDOcdx801XEP-aZZ_kFN_ECtmJGCf47ka8YZ_yQBwzZJQ3MC-fSS-mU7c7kqlvXIwxXuzKE8KLFZYqk80okFm28acU98P-GGaSYgeW22biylcR5p_0vFIlW2ePMVieIdK-q/s1600/Spread+of+HP-PRRS+in+SEA.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;199&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij1Qt_kHXfzEDOcdx801XEP-aZZ_kFN_ECtmJGCf47ka8YZ_yQBwzZJQ3MC-fSS-mU7c7kqlvXIwxXuzKE8KLFZYqk80okFm28acU98P-GGaSYgeW22biylcR5p_0vFIlW2ePMVieIdK-q/s320/Spread+of+HP-PRRS+in+SEA.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Gambar 1.
  Penyebaran HP-PRRS di Asia Tenggara 2006-2011&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Wabah
HP-PRRS muncul kembali pada 2007 di China dan terus persisten pada populasi
babi walaupun dengan besaran dampak yang berbeda. Wabah 2007 tersebut
dilaporkan begitu meluas dengan 826 kasus wabah di 26 provinsi, wilayah
otonomus dan kota, meliputi 257 ribu ekor babi terjangkit, 68 ribu ekor mati
dan 175 ribu ekor harus dimusnahkan (culled). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Wabah
HP-PRRS kemudian juga muncul di Vietnam pada 2007. Satu penjelasan yang
kemungkinan bisa dikemukakan dalam wabah di China dan Vietnam 2006/07 adalah
turunan virus PRRS tipe 2 (strain Amerika utara) berevolusi menjadi suatu
strain sangat virulen dibawah tekanan yang dipicu oleh perubahan
praktek-praktek peternakan babi di China. Termasuk juga keterkaitan
epidemiologis antara tingginya populasi babi dengan tatanan sistem produksi
berbeda-beda dan faktor lingkungan (temperatur dan kelembaban pada musim semi).
Koinfeksi bakterial kemungkinan juga berkontribusi terhadap penampakan klinis
dari virus PRRS yang sangat virulen ini. [6]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Sumber
wabah di China dan Vietnam pada 2007 tersebut tetap gelap sampai sekarang.
Suatu studi berhasil mengindikasikan bahwa varian virus PRRS yang ditemukan di
ke-dua negara tersebut berada pada tingkat 99% identik satu sama lain. Dengan
demikian tidak bisa dihindarkan munculnya suatu hipotesa bahwa kemungkinan
strain China 2006 baru ditularkan ke Vietnam dan kemudian bersirkulasi secara
cepat di negara itu. Tambahan pula, pengangkutan babi di dalam provinsi maupun
antar provinsi dan kesamaan iklim antara Vietnam dan China yang bertetangga
mungkin saja berkontribusi terhadap munculnya wabah-wabah tersebut. [10]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Penyebaran
virus PRRS antar peternakan umumnya diakibatkan oleh introduksi babi atau semen
terinfeksi, sedangkan penyebaran di dalam peternakan terutama disebabkan oleh
pergerakan antar kelompok babi dimana virus PRRS terbawa oleh babi ’carrier’
atau babi yang terinfeksi atau bisa juga terjadi pada saat mencampur babi-babi
tersebut selama masa produksi. [1] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Pola
penyebaran penyakit pada 2007 di Vietnam menunjukkan ada dua kali kejadian
wabah dengan total 44 kasus yaitu wabah pertama antara Maret-Agustus 2007 di
wilayah utara, bersamaan dengan liburan ”Tet” yaitu suatu masa dimana
berlangsung panen produksi babi dan peningkatan pergerakan manusia dan babi di
negara tersebut. Wabah ke-dua terjadi Juni-Juli 2007 di wilayah selatan negara
ini. [6, 9] Sekitar 44 ribu ekor babi terjangkit dan 4 ribu diantaranya mati.
[9] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Di
Vietnam, wabah HP-PRRS terus terjadi pada 2008-2009, akan tetapi tidak terlalu
hebat. Wabah berikutnya yang agak hebat terjadi kembali pada 2010 dengan
kerugian ekonomi cukup besar bagi produksi babi. Suatu studi molekuler
menunjukkan bahwa virus PRRS 2010 ini agak berbeda dengan virus yang diisolasi
pada 2007. [22] Dimulai pada April 2010 di wilayah utara negara ini, dan
menyebar ke wilayah selatan pada Juli 2010. [23]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;﻿﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;﻿﻿﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Di
Filippina, wabah HP-PRRS dilaporkan pertama kali pada 2008 dan menyebar
terutama di wilayah-wilayah dimana terdapat kepadatan babi yang tinggi dan
peningkatan produksi babi komersial. Jumlah kasus yang terdeteksi terus
bertambah setiap tahun dan mencapai puncaknya pada 2009. Selama dilakukan
surveilans, semakin jelas terdeteksi bahwa kebanyakan kasus positif HP-PRRS
yang diuji ternyata juga positif terhadap patogen babi lainnya, seperti virus
classical swine fever (CSF), PCV2 dan virus swine influenza (SIV).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Di
Thailand, wabah HP-PRRS pertama dilaporkan pada 2010 dengan angka kematian yang
tinggi. Diawali di Nongkai pada bulan Juni 2010, dan dalam waktu sebulan telah
menyebar ke Provinsi Udonthani. Pada September-Oktober 2010, wabah HP-PRRS
telah menyebar ke peternakan-peternakan babi skala kecil di 12 provinsi di
wilayah timur laut Thailand. Penyakit menyebar terutama karena anak babi yang
dijual atau dibeli dari perusahaan pembibitan babi tertular. Pada
November-Desember 2010, wabah menjangkiti lebih banyak lagi peternakan babi
skala kecil dan juga menengah, dan bahkan meluas ke wilayah tengah dan wilayah
utara Thailand. [11] Keterkaitan dengan penyakit babi lainnya juga dilaporkan
terjadi, seperti halnya yang terjadi di China, Vietnam dan Filippina. [1] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Negara-negara
yang belakangan juga melaporkan berjangkitnya HP-PRRS adalah Laos dan Kamboja
pada 2010, serta Myanmar pada 2011. Kejadian wabah pertama kali di Laos terjadi
pada Juni 2010 diawali dengan satu peternakan komersial di Vientiane Capital
yang letaknya berbatasan dengan Nongkai, Thailand dimana pada saat yang sama
wabah HP-PRRS sedang terjadi. [1, 11] Wabah ke-dua di Laos terjadi pada Juli
2011 dengan penyebaran penyakit meluas ke 2 provinsi lainnya yaitu Bokeo dan
Bolikhamxay.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Laporan
pertama kali di Kamboja pada Juli 2010 dan sangat mungkin sumber wabah adalah
babi tertular yang diimpor secara ilegal dari Vietnam. Pemerintah Kamboja
kemudian memberlakukan larangan impor babi dari Thailand dan Vietnam. [1, 6,
20] Sedangkan wabah pertama kali dilaporkan di Myanmar pada Februari 2011,
diawali di Mandalay, kota terbesar ke-dua di negara ini. Kemudian wabah
menyebar ke Kota Nay Pyi Taw pada April 2011 dan Bago pada Juni 2011.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Koinfeksi HP-PRRS dan Streptococcus suis&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Meskipun
munculnya wabah PRRS menimbulkan kekhawatiran besar terhadap industri babi dan
juga kesehatan masyarakat global, akan tetapi penyakit ini sendiri bukanlah zoonosis.
[10]. Penyebaran penyakit akhirnya secara cepat ke seluruh dunia melalui
perdagangan babi, semen, dan penularan lewat udara, termasuk melalui penumpang
pesawat udara yang bisa membawa virus ini melekat pada pakaian, sepatu atau
peralatan yang dibawa selama perjalanan. [12]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Virus
PRRS dan Streptococcus suis merupakan patogen yang umum ditemukan pada babi.
[14] Infeksi S. suis sendiri sifatnya adalah zoonosis artinya dapat ditularkan
ke manusia, dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi sistemik hebat pada manusia yang
terekspos babi tertular atau setelah mengkonsumsi produk babi yang tidak
dimasak secara baik. [13] Kuman S. suis adalah gram positif, katalase negatif,
dan anaerob yang fakultatif. Pertama kali diberi nama Streptococcus&amp;nbsp;suis
pada 1987. Meskipun nama tersebut merujuk pada isolat yang berasal dari babi,
akan tetapi diidentifikasi juga pada sejumlah spesies lainnya. [15] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Saat
ini terdapat 35 serotipe S. suis yang berhasil diidentifikasi, akan tetapi pada
babi kebanyakan ditemukan serotipe 1-9 dengan serotipe 2 yang dikenal paling
virulen. [15] Serotipe 2 ini adalah yang paling umum dikaitkan dengan penyakit
pada babi dan manusia, dan juga yang paling sering dilaporkan diisolasi dari
hewan tertular di seluruh dunia. [16] Selama ini berhasil dipastikan bahwa
babi-babi terinfeksi virus PRRS menjadi lebih peka terhadap S. suis serotipe 2,
dan angka kematian pada babi yang mengalami koinfeksi seperti ini secara
signifikan lebih tinggi daripada babi-babi yang hanya terinfeksi virus PRRS.
[14]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Wabah
S. suis pertama pada babi dilaporkan terjadi di Inggris pada 1951 dengan angka
kematian yang tinggi serta gejala meningitis dan artritis. Setelah itu
dilaporkan terjadi di Belanda pada 1954, sampai akhirnya dilaporkan muncul juga
di Amerika utara pada 1969. [15] Gejala pada hewan pada umumnya ditandai dengan
septikemia, meningitis, endokarditis, artritis, dan kadang-kadang infeksi
lainnya. [17] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Kasus
manusia pertama terinfeksi S. suis dilaporkan di Denmark pada 1968, dan sejak
itu Eropa utara dan Asia Tenggara mengalami sejumlah wabah kasus meningitis
pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh S. suis tipe 2. Di China terjadi wabah pada
1998 dengan 25 kasus manusia dan 14 meninggal. [15] Gejala pada manusia berupa
demam tinggi, tidak enak badan, mual dan muntah, diikuti dengan gejala syaraf,
bercak kemerahan subkutaneus, syok septik dan koma pada kasus parah. [17]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Pada
2004, jumlah kasus manusia mencapai lebih dari 200 orang di seluruh dunia.
Kemudian pada 2005, China mengalami wabah untuk kedua kalinya yang mendapatkan
perhatian dunia akan potensi zoonosis dari S. suis ini. Antara bulan Juni dan
Agustus tahun tersebut, di Ziyang County, Provinsi Sichuan, terjadi wabah
dengan 204 kasus dan 38 meninggal (angka fatalitas kasus 18,6%). [15, 17] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Sampai
saat ini, relatif hanya sekitar 700 kasus S. suis dilaporkan di seluruh dunia,
kebanyakan terjadi dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ini. Di negara maju kebanyakan
dikaitkan dengan pendedahan terhadap pekerjaan yang berkaitan dengan babi,
seperti pekerja peternakan babi dan pekerja rumah pemotongan hewan. Di negara
berkembang dengan sistem produksi babi yang intensif seperti di Asia Tenggara,
risiko untuk terinfeksi S. suis tidak diketahui pasti mengingat penyakit ini
bukan merupakan penyakit yang wajib dilaporkan (notifiable disease) dan umumnya
kurang berhasil didiagnosa secara tepat (under diagnosis). [13]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Dalam
sampel yang dikumpulkan selama terjadinya wabah HP-PRRS di berbagai wilayah di
China, virus PRRS dan S. suis serotipe 7 ternyata selalu diisolasi bersama,
terutama pada kejadian demam tinggi atau disebut porcine high fever syndrome
(PHFS). Suatu penelitian di China berhasil membuktikan bahwa infeksi HP-PRRS
meningkatkan kepekaan babi terhadap S. suis serotipe 7, dan koinfeksi virus
PRRS dengan S. suis serotipe 7 secara signifikan meningkatkan patogenisitas
kuman ini terhadap babi. [14]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Di
Vietnam, S. suis dideteksi pada 17,9% babi-babi yang tertular HP-PRRS di Mekong
River Delta. Laporan dari Rumah Sakit di Kota Ho Chi Minh mengindikasikan bahwa
S. suis merupakan penyebab utama dari kasus manusia dengan gejala meningitis
(151/450), dimana 33% diantaranya terekspos dengan daging babi satu minggu
sebelumnya. [18] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Dalam
10 tahun belakangan ini mayoritas laporan kasus S. suis pada manusia berasal
dari Asia Tenggara, dimana penyakit ini dianggap sudah endemik, terutama di
China, utara Thailand, dan Vietnam. Penemuan ini dapat diterangkan oleh
tingginya kepadatan babi di wilayah ini, praktek-praktek penyembelihan ternak
tanpa tindakan pencegahan, dan konsumsi produk babi yang tidak dimasak atau
kurang dimasak dengan baik. [19]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Kesiapsiagaan regional&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Dengan
munculnya HP-PRRS sejak 2006 di wilayah yang kepadatan populasi babinya sangat
tinggi seperti China dan virus kemudian menyebar ke Asia Tenggara (paling tidak
ke wilayah Greater Mekong), menunjukkan bahwa penyakit ini mengikuti jalur
intensifikasi produksi babi. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan awalnya penyakit
berkembang di negara-negara yang memiliki unit-unit produksi komersial besar
dengan kepadatan ternak tinggi (seperti Vietnam, Thailand), tetapi kemudian
juga menjangkau negara-negara yang sektor komersial ternaknya belum berkembang
(seperti Laos, Kamboja dan Myanmar). [6]&lt;b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Indonesia,
sebagai negara produksi babi terbesar ke-empat di Asia Tenggara (setelah
Vietnam, Thailand dan Filippina), tentu harus senantiasa meningkatkan
kewaspadaan terhadap kemungkinan HP-PRRS ini masuk ke wilayahnya. Kalaupun
kejadian PRRS diindikasikan sudah berjangkit di Indonesia sejak 2008, tetapi
informasi resmi tidak mudah didapatkan. Tidak adanya pengaturan dan pelayanan
teknis pemerintah terhadap sektor babi, menyebabkan lemahnya pelaksanaan
surveilans penyakit dan kesiapsiagaan terhadap munculnya penyakit baru. Padahal
dengan pasar global yang terjadi pada dekade ini, setiap virus yang muncul
dalam bentuk sangat ganas dan berpotensi lintas batas (transboundary) harus
dianggap sebagai ancaman.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Risiko
menularnya HP-PRRS antar negara akan semakin meningkat [2], dan ini berarti
juga berpotensi lebih jauh menjadi ancaman zoonosis apabila terjadi koinfeksi
bakterial seperti halnya dengan S. suis. Babi secara fisiologik lebih
menyerupai manusia, diakui atau tidak, karena kemiripan sistem pencernaan dan
alat tubuh antar keduanya. Peter Dazak, seorang ahli ekologi dan satwa liar
dari Ecohealth Alliance mengatakan: ”Semakin dekat suatu spesies dikaitkan
dengan kita, semakin besar kesempatan suatu patogen yang dibawanya menulari
kita”. [24]&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Perlu
disadari bahwa pemicu kemunculan penyakit (disease emergence) seringkali
menjadi fungsi dari dua faktor. Pertama, faktor probabilitas dimana dikatakan
ancaman selalu ada dan kemunculan hanyalah suatu fungsi dari waktu. Ke-dua,
faktor pemicu kemunculan adalah suatu perubahan ekologi dimana patogen itu
hidup. [25] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Tulisan
ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan suatu peningkatan kesadaran akan pentingnya
kesiapsiagaan regional bahwa pertumbuhan industri babi yang begitu cepat di
Asia Tenggara dalam 20 tahun terakhir ini bukan hanya dipandang penting di
sektor ekonomi, tetapi juga di sektor kesehatan. Mengingat potensi ancamannya,
Indonesia harus memperkuat kapasitas surveilans, pengendalian lalu lintas hewan
dan produk hewan, peningkatan kapasitas diagnostik laboratorium, serta
pengaturan biosekuriti dan biokontainmen. Untuk efektivitas kesiapsiagaan dan
pencegahan, ke depan dibutuhkan surveilans yang mengikutsertakan sektor swasta
dan partisipasi masyarakat (community-based surveillance). &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Referensi:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;1. Ayudhaya S.N.N. and Thanawongnuwech R. (2011).
One World – One Health The Threat of Emerging Pig Diseases: An Asian
Perspective. Proceedings International Symposium on Emerging and Re-emerging
Pig Diseases. Barcelona, Spain, 12-15 June 2011. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;2. An T.-Q., Tian Z.-J., Leng C.-L., Peng J.-M., and
Tong G.-Z. (2011). Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory
Syndrome Virus, Asia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 17(9): 1782-1784. DOI: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1709.110411&quot;&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1709.110411&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;3. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grease-network.com/index.php?n=39&amp;amp;title=Swine%20network&quot;&gt;http://www.grease-network.com/index.php?n=39&amp;amp;title=Swine%20network&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;4. Davies
P.R. (2008). Old Diseases, Emergent Diseases: The Evolution of Health in the
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Meichanetsidis P.S., Stougiou D., Mintza D., and Papaiouannou P.S. (2011).
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Schultsz C. (2009). Streptococcus suis: An Emerging Human Pathogen. Clinical
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;21. Ayudhya S.N.N., Puranaveja S., Kortheerakul K.,
Teankum K., Amonsin A., and Thanawongnuwech R. (2011). First outbreak of
HP-PRRSV, A Chinese-like strain in Thailand. Proceedings International
Symposium on Emerging and Re-emerging Pig Diseases. Barcelona, Spain, 12-15
June 2011. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;22.&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pigprogress.net/news/behaviour-of-hp-prrs-in-vietnam-surprises-veterinarians-7126.html&quot;&gt;http://www.pigprogress.net/news/behaviour-of-hp-prrs-in-vietnam-surprises-veterinarians-7126.html&lt;/a&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;23. Tung N., Dang N.H., Vui D.T., Tho N.D., and
Inui, K. (2011). Molecular Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic PRRS in Vietnam in
2010. Proceedings of the 5th Asian Pig Veterinary Society Congress, 7-9 March
2011, Pattaya, Thailand. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;24.&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/30/contagion-infectious-disease-animals-environment-health_n_987455.html?1317396819&quot;&gt;http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/30/contagion-infectious-disease-animals-environment-health_n_987455.html?1317396819&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;25. Deen J. (2011). One World – One Health. The
threat of emerging pig diseases: An American perspective. Proceedings
International Symposium on Emerging and Re-emerging Pig Diseases. Barcelona,
Spain, 12-15 June 2011.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Oleh: Tri Satya Putri Naipospos&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;*) Penulis bekerja di
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Emergency Centre for
Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD) di Laos.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/3944168998060105086/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/munculnyapenyakit-porcine-reproductive.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/3944168998060105086'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/3944168998060105086'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/06/munculnyapenyakit-porcine-reproductive.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij1Qt_kHXfzEDOcdx801XEP-aZZ_kFN_ECtmJGCf47ka8YZ_yQBwzZJQ3MC-fSS-mU7c7kqlvXIwxXuzKE8KLFZYqk80okFm28acU98P-GGaSYgeW22biylcR5p_0vFIlW2ePMVieIdK-q/s72-c/Spread+of+HP-PRRS+in+SEA.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-8250352012157611171</id><published>2012-02-10T04:27:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T04:40:46.908-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Jenis Penyakit Pada Kambing Dan Pengendaliannya</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;post_top&quot;&gt;      Berikut ini kami ingin berbagi  informasi seputar jenis-jenis penyakit yang sering dialami oleh kambing  dan juga penyebab munculnya penyakit beserta cara pengendaliannya.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;1. Pneumonia&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Umumnya, serangan pneumonia disebabkan  keadaan udara yang lembap, dingin dan kotor. Pneumonia sering menyerang  kambing yang kurang baik pemeliharaannya. Kambing yang terserang  pnemonia menunjukkan gejala seperti sulit bernafas, nafsu makan hilang,  sering batuk dan demam.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan pneumonia bisa dilakukan  dengan cara menjaga kandang agar tidak lembap, selalu bersih, serta  memperbaiki sirkulasi udara, tidak ada genangan air di sekitar kandang,  menutup kandang jika angin kencang, dan memisahkan kambing yang sakit  dengan kambing yangs ehat. Pengobatan dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan  preparat antibiotik, tetapi harus sepengetahuan dokter hewan atau mantri  hewan setempat.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;2. Konstipasi&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Konstipasi biasa menyerang anak kambing  karena kotoran pertama yang berwarna hitam mengental dan keras.  Akibatnya, kotoran yang biasanya dikeluarkan beberapa jam setelah  kelahiran tersebut tidak bisa keluar. Gejala konstipasi terlihat dari  anak kambing yang memperlihatkan tanda-tanda susah buang kotoran,  berguling-guling, dan sering mengembik.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan pada penyakit ini dapat  dilakukan dengan cara memberikan pakan yang cukup. Sementara itu,  pengobatan konstipasi dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan minyak sayur  sebanyak satu sendok makan pada kambing.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;3. Kembung (Bloat)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Penyakit kembung terjadi karena kambing  dilepas dan memakan rumput yang masih basah, sehingga timbul gas dalam  pencernaan yang tidak bisa dikeluarkan dari dalam perut. Kambing yang  menderita kembung terlihat dari bagian perut sebelah kirinya yang  membesar, punggung membungkuk, dan frekuensi pernapasan meningkat.  Penyakit kembung yang tidak segera diatasi dapat menyebabkan kematian.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan penyakit ini dapat dilakukan  dengan tidak memberi kambing pakan yang masih basah atau tidak melepas  kambing yang lapar terlalu pagi, karena rumput masih basah oleh embun.  Pengobatan penyakit ini dapat dilakukan dengan cara menekan-nekan perut  bagian bawah dengan menggunakan bambu utuh. Sambil ditekan dengan bambu,  angkat hewan sampai gas keluar.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;4. Ecthyma Contagiosa (Orf)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Penyakit ecthyma contagiosa disebabkan  virus yang bersifat zoonosis, yaitu bisa menular kepada manusia.  Gejalanya terdapat luka di sekitar mulut yang bisa menyebar ke sela-sela  kuku. Akibatnya badan kambing menjadi kurus karena nafsu makan menurun.  Penyakit ini bisa sembuh dengan sendirinya setelah 4 minggu. Namun bisa  mengakibatkan kematian jika terjadi infeksi sekunder.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan penyakit ini bisa dilakukan  dengan mengkarantinakan kambing yang berasal dari tempat lain selama 2-3  minggu atau mengisolasi kambing yang diduga menderita penyakit  tersebut. Pengobatan dilakukan dengan memberikan antibiotika leukomosin.  Antibiotik tersebut untuk mencegah infeksi sekunder yang bisa  menyebabkan kematian.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;5. Keracunan&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Keracunan disebabkan  kambing  mengonsumsi pakan hijauan yang mengandung racun. Gejalanya, kambing  mengalami kejang-kejang, mulut berbusa, selaput lendir mata berwarna  kebiru-biruan, dan kotoran bercampur darah. Pada kondisi yang parah bisa  menyebabkan kematian yang mendadak.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pada kasus keracunan yang diketahui  secara dini, pemberian tablet norit atau air kelapa muda bisa  menyelamatkan kambing dari kematian. Namun jika sudah akut, kambing  sulit tertolong. Pencegahan dilakukan dengan cara tidak memberikan  hijauan yang mengandung racun, seperti daun singkong segar, dan hijauan  yang masih muda. Selain itu, harap diperhatikan tempat dimana kambing  digembalakan, jangan sampai ada tanaman beracun yang bisa termakan oleh  kambing. Daun singkong dan hijauan lain dapat diberikan jika dilakukan  terlebih dahulu selama 3-4 jam.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;6. Cacingan&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Cacingan disebabkan oleh serangan cacing  haemonchus cocortus yang hidup bersama cacing lain. Cacing ini melekat  pada selaput usus dan mengisap sari makanan. Kambing penderita cacingan  tidak bisa gemuk, meskipun makannya banyak. Biasanya anak kambing  berumur 3-4 bulan yang terserang penyakit ini bisa menjadi kurus, bahkan  mengalami kematian.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Gejalanya yaitu kambing susah buang  kotoran, kotoran yang keluar pada awalnya keras lalu lunak dan akhirnya  mencret, akibatnya bulu dekat anus menjadi kotor oleh kotoran mencret.  Selain itu, perut kambing terlihat besar, bulunya kasar (tidak  mengilap), dan terlihat lesu.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan penyakit cacingan dapat  dilakukan dengan cara menjaga kebersihan kandang dan menggembalakan  kambing pada siang hari agar tidak ada lagi telur cacing yang menempel  di rumput. Seluruh kambing diberi obat cacing, terutama bila ada kambing  yang terserang cacingan. Untuk obat cacing yang biasa digunakan antara  lain &lt;em&gt;cetarin concurat&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;wormex powder&lt;/em&gt;, atau &lt;em&gt;pheno plus&lt;/em&gt;  dosis 5-10 g/ekor, diberikan melalui air minum setiap 3 bulan sekali.  Atau sesuai dosis yang ada dalam kemasan. Sebelum pemberian obat cacing,  kambing dipuasakan terlebih dahulu selama 12 bulan.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sumber: Buku Petunjuk Praktis Menggemukkan Domba, Kambing, dan Sapi Potong&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/8250352012157611171/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/02/jenis-penyakit-pada-kambing-dan.html#comment-form' title='5 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/8250352012157611171'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/8250352012157611171'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2012/02/jenis-penyakit-pada-kambing-dan.html' title='Jenis Penyakit Pada Kambing Dan Pengendaliannya'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>5</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-1227185049991509812</id><published>2011-02-21T08:05:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-21T08:06:29.278-08:00</updated><title type='text'>PENYAKIT PADA KURA-KURA</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:worddocument&gt;   &lt;w:view&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:trackmoves/&gt;   &lt;w:trackformatting/&gt;   &lt;w:punctuationkerning/&gt;   &lt;w:validateagainstschemas/&gt;   &lt;w:saveifxmlinvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; 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font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Respiratory disease&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Respiratory disease adalah penyakit saluran pernafasan dan yang umum terjadi adalah RNS. Tidak diragukan lagi “Runny Nose Syndrome” (RNS) merupakan penyakit yang paling sering dijumpai terutama pada kura-kura darat. Penyakit ini dibahas dengan cukup mendalam pada artikel berikut: RNS, Penyakit “ingusan” Mematikan pada Kura-Kura&lt;br /&gt;Jadi silahkan menyimak artikel tersebut untuk mempelajarinya lebih lanjut.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Susah buang air besar&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Untuk menanggulangi penyakit ini cobalah untuk merendam kura-kura darat anda pada air yang dangkal dan hangat sekitar 30 menit dengan ketinggian air mencapai plastron (dataran perut bawah) mereka. Apabila ini tidak berkerja dengan baik, konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan anda. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Diare&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Tambahkan alfalfa (pelet kelinci adalah alfalfa yang dikompres) ke dalam makanan mereka untuk sementara (karena mereka memiliki protein yang terlalu tinggi sebagai makanan rutin) dan ganti ke makanan yang kandungan airnya lebih sedikit. Pemberian buah-buahan yang berlebihan adalah penyebab umum dari diare. Gunakan obat hanya apabila terjadi infeksi, konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan anda. Apabila diarenya bau, segera laporkan ke dokter hewan anda secepat mungkin. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Muntah&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Adalah tanda yang sangat berbahaya, konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan anda secepat mungkin. Ini juga bisa menandakan adanya worm didalam badan mereka.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abscess&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Ini juga cukup umum pada kura-kura darat, terutama pada telinga. Bawalah kura-kura darat anda ke dokter hewan anda apabila anda melihat pembengkakan yang tidak normal. Abscess juga bisa dikarenakan oleh gigitan ringan atau luka lainnya, seperti penusukan oleh benda tajam. Abscess pada kura-kura darat tidak akan hanya memberi respon pada perawatan antibiotik. Abscess harus di buang dan dikeringkan dan semua daging mati harus dibuang melalui operasi, lukanya di biarkan mengering tanpa jahitan. Perawatan setelah operasi sangat penting.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pneumonia&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Penyebab yang paling umum dari penyakit pernafasan adalah: Kondisi yang basah dan tidak bersih. Terlalu ramai atau terlalu penuh kura-kura dalam satu tempat. Suhu yang tidak memadai.&lt;br /&gt;Dihadapi dengan carrier (binatang yang memiliki virus/bakteri penyakit).&lt;br /&gt;Gejala: Megap-megap dan mulut terbuka untuk bernafas.&lt;br /&gt;Leher memanjang dan kesulitan bernafas.&lt;br /&gt;Terdapat cairan lendir pada lubang hidung dan mulut.&lt;br /&gt;Kaki lemah dan penarikan kaki (memasukkan kaki) dengan lemah. Semua kaki di masukkan ke dalam tempurung.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dehidrasi&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Depresi&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Pertolongan dokter hewan sangat diperlukan untuk menyelamatkan kura-kura tersebut. Beri suntikan antibiotik. Bahkan penundaan beberapa jam saja bisa berakibat fatal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Infeksi Mata&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Infeksi mata biasanya diberikan perawatan melalui obat tetes air mata Genoptic (gentamycin) atau obat mata terracortril. Infeksi ringan bisa di sembuhkan dengan salep mata Neomycin atau Chloramphenicol. Ketika anda melihat adanya pembengkakan parah pada alis mata biasanya ada infeksi bakteri, untuk kasus ini antiobiotik diperlukan. Beberapa masalah mata adalah akibat dari kekurangan vitamin A. Berikan vitamin A dan gunakan salep mata yang ringan. Apabila kondisi tidak membaik dalam waktu yang cukup singkat, segera dapatkan pertolongan dari dokter hewan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Impacted colon&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Impacted colon bisa di artikan usus yang mengerut. Kadang-kadang ditemukan, biasanya akibat dari makanan yang salah, termakan benda asing secara tidak sengaja, dan bisa berkembang menjadi septicaemia (keracunan pada darah) apabila tidak di rawat. Terlalu banyak worm di dalam usus juga bisa menyebabkan penyempitan pada usus. Penyempitan pada perut bisa mempengaruhi kapasitas paru-paru dan menghambat pernafasan yang kemudian bisa mematikan dalam waktu cepat. Penyempitan pada usus seharusnya dicurigai ketika binatang tersebut tidak buang air besar, lemah, dan susah bernafas. Merendam kura-kura darat di dalam air yang hangat juga akan memperlancar buang air besar. Kasus yang parah butuh perawatan dari dokter hewan secepat mungkin. X-ray dan operasi juga mungkin diperlukan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Septicaemia&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Septicaemia bisa di artikan penyakit pada darah seperti adanya organisme beracun dalam darah. Tanda-tanda meliputi muntah-muntah, lemah, dan kemerahan pada plastron. Terjadi pendarahan pada lidah dan pengeluaran cairan lendir, kekuningan (semacam sakit kuning, kuning pada mata, dsb), dan binatang tersebut minum air dalam jumlah yang terlalu banyak. Ini biasanya di akibatkan oleh penahanan telur atau perpecahan telur dalam perut atau penyempitan pada usus. Segera dapatkan bantuan dari dokter hewan secepat mungkin.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Penahanan Telur&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Tanda-tanda meliputi keengganan untuk berjalan, lemah, dan tanda-tanda umum pada septicaemia. Disini pencegahan lebih baik daripada penyembuhan. Pencegahan yang bisa di lakukan:&lt;br /&gt;Sediakan nutrisi yang baik yang kaya akan kalsium.&lt;br /&gt;Sediakan tempat bertelur yang layak untuk spesies tersebut.&lt;br /&gt;Jagalah stress pada level yang minimum (jangan membuat mereka stress).&lt;br /&gt;X-ray bisa di pakai untuk mengkonfirmasi adanya telur di dalam perut mereka dan kemudian dokter hewan anda akan menentukan perawatan terbaik. Untuk mendorong pengeluaran telur, anda bisa menyuntikkan kalsium dan oxytocin.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Disfungsi Ginjal&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Tanda-tanda meliputi oedema (penahanan air), cairan lendir pucat, lemah, tidak bisa kencing, berat bertambah akibat penahanan cairan. Sering juga diikuti dengan anorexia(tidak nafsu makan), dehidrasi, dan infeksi bakteri. Segera dapatkan bantuan dari dokter hewan secepat mungkin. Pada tahan awal, perendaman air hangat secara teratur dan physiotherapy pada kaki belakang akan membantu melepaskan setiap halangan pada saluran pembuangan. Selalu pastikan bahwa kura-kura darat anda memiliki akses menuju air yang bersih.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Diabetes&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Gejala meliputi lemah, letih, lesu, dan anorexia (tidak ada nafsu makan). Dokter hewan anda bisa melakukan test darah untuk memastikan adanya diabetes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Shell rot&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Shell rot bisa di artikan pembusukan pada tempurung. Ini biasanya di akibatkan oleh luka dan kadang-kadang oleh serangga. Perawatan meliputi pembuangan bagian-bagian yang lepas akibat pembusukan dan melalui pembersihan setiap hari dengan cairan Nolvasan atau Betadine. Apabila perawatan ini gagal, flamazine bisa di gunakan sehari sekali setelah pembersihan. Pada kasus yang parah, mungkin dibutuhkan perawatan secara bersamaan melalui penyuntikkan antibiotik dari dokter hewan anda.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Infeksi kulit&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Rawat sedini mungkin. Bersihkan dengan betadine atau chlorhexidine (Nolvasan) dua kali sehari dan gunakan salep betadin apabila di perlukan. Konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan anda.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Septic arthritis dan articular gout&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Mereka berdua bisa diartikan sebagai pembengkakan pada sendi. Biasanya terjadi bersamaan dan akan terlihat kaki-kaki atau sendi yang membengkak, kekakuan, dan kesakitan pada bagian penggerak. Ini biasanya di sebabkan oleh makanan yang terlalu kaya akan protein yang kemudian meningkatkan urea darah pada level yang berbahaya. Konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan anda secepat mungkin.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Anorexia&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Ini biasanya disebabkan:&lt;br /&gt;Infeksi parasit.&lt;br /&gt;Masalah metabolisme seperti disfungsi pada sistem ginjal dan hati.&lt;br /&gt;Rahang yang patah atau abscess pada telinga yang menyebabkan kesakitan pada saat makan.&lt;br /&gt;Memerlukan investigasi lebih lanjut oleh dokter hewan anda.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Stomatitis&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Stomatitis bisa di artikan pembengkakan pada bagian mulut. Apabila diketahui sejak dini, bersihkan mulut mereka dua kali sehari dengan Nolvasan atau povidone-iodine (cairan Betadine). Pada kasus yang parah, dibutuhkan perawatan dari dokter hewan. Perawatan pada mulut sangat penting untuk mencegah stomatitis. Beberapa bentuk di sebabkan oleh virus dari grup herpes (penyakit kulit). Koloni yang terdiri dari campuran berbagai spesies akan lebih beresiko daripada grup kecil yang merupakan spesies yang sama.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sterile gut syndrom&lt;/b&gt;e:&lt;br /&gt;Bisa di sebabkan oleh terapi antibiotik (biasanya Tetracycline atau flagyl). Gejala bisa meliputi diare yang parah, seringkali kotoran yang dihasilkan berupa makanan yang tidak tercerna. Dan sering di ikuti oleh infeksi flagellate yang parah. Ini merupakan indikasi bahwa bakteri menguntungkan pada sistem usus telah dihilangkan dan berkurang. Pengobatan bisa berupa pemberian Benebac pada makanan atau yoghurt natural. Konsultasikan dengan dokter hewan anda mengenai perawatan apabila anda tidak yakin mengenai ini.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Parasit&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;Untuk setiap parasit yang external (berada di luar), anda bisa celupkan kura-kura tersebut kedalam Alugan atau dilusi tritix (Amitraz) 1-2ml/liter. Kutu bisa di buang secara manual. Pertama basahi dengan alcohol atau vaseline dan kemudian cabut. Berikan betadine pada bagian dimana kutu tersebut berdiam diri.&lt;br /&gt;Berikut adalah gejala-gejala parasit yang berada pada dalam tubuh (worm):&lt;br /&gt;1. Diare.&lt;br /&gt;2. Anorexia.&lt;br /&gt;3. Kadang-kadang muntah-muntah.&lt;br /&gt;4. Beberapa kura-kura mengeluarkan cairan dengan volume sedikit dari mulut mereka.&lt;br /&gt;5. Apabila diabaikan, infeksi oleh worm ini akan menyebabkan pelubangan pada usus atau halangan pada usus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;sumber : petdepo&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/1227185049991509812/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2011/02/penyakit-pada-kura-kura.html#comment-form' title='18 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/1227185049991509812'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/1227185049991509812'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2011/02/penyakit-pada-kura-kura.html' title='PENYAKIT PADA KURA-KURA'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>18</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-8802145226168620919</id><published>2011-02-18T01:16:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-18T01:29:54.259-08:00</updated><title type='text'>INFESTASI CACING Raillietina echinobothrida, Ascaridia galli, Heterakis Sp, KUTU PENGGIGIT Menopon gallinae, DIISOLASI DAN DIIDENTIFIKASI Stapylococcu</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt; v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} &lt;/style&gt; 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priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;  mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;  mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:shapedefaults ext=&quot;edit&quot; spidmax=&quot;1034&quot;&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:shapelayout ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;   &lt;o:idmap ext=&quot;edit&quot; data=&quot;1&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:shapelayout&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ayam (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gallus domesticus&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ayam peliharaan (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gallus domesti&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;us&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;) disebut ayam ternak karena hidupnya terbatas di lingkungan manusia. Berdasarkan cara budidayanya, ayam peliharaan dapat di bedakan menjadi dua kelompok besar, yaitu ayam ras dan ayam bukan ras (buras) yang sering di sebut ayam kampung (Mulyono, 1999). Asal usul ayam piaraan adalah dari Asia Tenggara, yaitu Birma, dan ditemukan pada tahun 6000 Sebelum Masehi. Dari Asia Tenggara, kemudian ayam menyebar ke India, Eropa, dan Amerika (Yuwanta, 2004).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Gallus varius&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dianggap sebagai nenek moyang ayam yang sekarang masih ada. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gallus varius&lt;/i&gt; mempunyai warna yang bagus sehingga keberadaannya lebih dikenal dibandingkan dengan gallus yang lain. Karakteristik &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gallus gallus bankiva&lt;/i&gt; jantan yang tersebar di Sumatra dan Sulawesi mempunyai berat badan 0,9 kg-1,2 kg, sedangkan betina antara 0,7 kg- 0,8 kg dan kemampuan bertelurnya 5 -7 butir per musim. Ayam inilah yang menjadi nenek moyang ayam kampung Indonesia yang desa ini banyak diternakkan sebagai ternak unggas penghasil telur, daging, dan hewan kesenangan (Mulyono, 1999).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ayam bukan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ras (buras) yang dulu disebut “ayam kampung” mempunyai banyak varietas dan spesies. Beberapa varietas ayam buras yang penting di Indonesia adalah sebagai berikut: ayam kedu, ayam nunukan, ayam sentul, ayam sumatra, ayam banten, ayam bali, ayam ciparage, ayam bangkok, ayam arab, ayam tolaki, ayam ayunai, ayam pelung, ayam delona, ayam belenggek, ayam gaok, ayam kapas, ayam bekisar, ayam walik, ayam wareng, ayam katai. Ayam kedu merupakan ayam lokal yang berkembang di Kabupaten Magelang dan Temanggung.berdasarkan penampilan warna, ayam kedu dapat dibedakan menjadi empat jenis sebagai berikut: ayam kedu hitam, ayam kedu cemani, ayam kedu putih, ayam kedu merah. Ayam kedu merah merupakan ayam dwiguna yakni sebagai ayam petelur dan pedaging. Berat ayam jantan dewasa 3 kg- 3,5 kg dan ayam betina 2 kg- 2,5 kg dengan produksi telur maksimal adalah 40 butir (Rukmana, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Taksonomi dari ayam menurut Yuwanta (2004) adalah: Phylum &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Chordata&lt;/i&gt;, subphylum &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Craniata&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Vertebrata&lt;/i&gt;), class &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Aves, &lt;/i&gt;ordo &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Galliformes&lt;/i&gt;, familia &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Phasianidae&lt;/i&gt;, subfamili &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Phasianinae&lt;/i&gt;, genus &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gallus&lt;/i&gt;, spesies &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gallus domesticus&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;Raillietina echinobothrida&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;Spesies ini menyerupai &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Railleitina tetragona&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dalam ukuran dan bentuk tubuhnya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;rostelum memiliki 200 kait, panjangnya 10-13 µm, terdiri dari 2 baris, acetabulum berbentuk sirkuler dan dilengkapi dengan 8-10 baris kait yang ukurannya dua kali lebih besar dari ukuran kait &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Raillietina &lt;/i&gt;tetragona&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt; porus genital &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;tersusun unilateral, segmen gravid &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;berada di &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;bagian tengah (Soulsby, 1968). Cacing ini&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt; sering menimbulkan nodula &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;di &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;tempat melekatnya &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;skoleks &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;pada dinding usus (Levine, 1994).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; Semut &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Tetramorium caespitum &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;dan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pheidole vinelandica&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; adalah vektor dari &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;NL&quot;&gt;Raillietina echinobothrida&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; di Amerika utara (Soulsby, 1968). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;table align=&quot;left&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;19&quot; width=&quot;143&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width=&quot;36&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width=&quot;84&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width=&quot;35&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;33&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style=&quot;vertical-align: top; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;white&quot; height=&quot;33&quot; width=&quot;36&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: absolute; left: 0pt; z-index: 251664384;&quot;&gt;   &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;    &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;     &lt;td&gt;     &lt;div style=&quot;padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt;&quot; class=&quot;shape&quot;&gt;     &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;/div&gt;     &lt;/td&gt;    &lt;/tr&gt;   &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style=&quot;vertical-align: top; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;white&quot; height=&quot;33&quot; width=&quot;35&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: absolute; left: 0pt; z-index: 251665408;&quot;&gt;   &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;    &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;     &lt;td&gt;     &lt;div style=&quot;padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt;&quot; class=&quot;shape&quot;&gt;     &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;/div&gt;     &lt;/td&gt;    &lt;/tr&gt;   &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; height=&quot;143&quot; hspace=&quot;12&quot; width=&quot;283&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;table align=&quot;left&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;241&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width=&quot;18&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width=&quot;32&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: top; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;white&quot; height=&quot;30&quot; width=&quot;32&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: absolute; left: 0pt; z-index: 251667456;&quot;&gt;   &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;    &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;     &lt;td&gt;     &lt;div style=&quot;padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt;&quot; class=&quot;shape&quot;&gt;     &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;/div&gt;     &lt;/td&gt;    &lt;/tr&gt;   &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;24&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style=&quot;vertical-align: top; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;white&quot; height=&quot;24&quot; width=&quot;18&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: absolute; left: 0pt; z-index: 251666432;&quot;&gt;   &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;    &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;     &lt;td&gt;     &lt;div style=&quot;padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt;&quot; class=&quot;shape&quot;&gt;     &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;/div&gt;     &lt;/td&gt;    &lt;/tr&gt;   &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 49.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -49.65pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Gambar &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;. A. Skoleks &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Raillietina tetragona&lt;/i&gt;; B. Skoleks &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Raillietina echinobothrida&lt;/i&gt;; 1. kait dari acetabulum; 2. Kait dari rostelum &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;CharacterStyle1&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;(Soulsby, 1968).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ascaridia galli&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ascaridia galli &lt;/i&gt;terdapat pada usus halus ayam dan burung galinaseosa lain di seluruh dunia. Esofagus berbentuk alat pemukul dan tidak memiliki bulbus posterior. Cacing jantan memiliki penghisap preanal dengan tepian kutikuler. Spikulum sama besar dan tidak memiliki gubernakulum. Panjang cacing jantan 30-80 mm dengan diameter 0,5-1,2 mm. Penghisap preanal berdiameter 220 µm dan memiliki papila-papila pada tepi tubuh bagian posterior. Panjang spikulum 4 mm. Cacing betina memiliki panjang 60-120 mm dengan diameter 0,9- 1,8 mm. Vulva berada di anterior dekat pertengahan tubuh. Telur berbentuk elips dan memiliki kulit agak tebal (Levine, 1994).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; height=&quot;251&quot; hspace=&quot;12&quot; width=&quot;98&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; height=&quot;70&quot; hspace=&quot;12&quot; width=&quot;98&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 49.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -49.65pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Gambar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;. A. ujung anterior cacing &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ascaridia galli; &lt;/i&gt;B.&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/i&gt;ujung posterior &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ascaridia galli&lt;/i&gt; cacing jantan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Heterakis sp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Cacing nematoda ini termasuk dalam subfamily Heterakoidea. Cacing ini ditemukan pada sekum ayam. Pada ayam, penyakit ini terutama disebabkan oleh Hetrerakis gallinarum. Cacing ini dapat ditemukan juga pada kalkun, itik, angsa, ayam mutiara, sejenis ayam hutan dan burung puyuh. Cacing ini tidak pathogen namun mempunyai arti penting dalam penyebaran protozoa Histomonas meleagridis, penyebab blackhead atau enterohepatitis pada kalkun, ayam dan burung lainnya (Flynn, 1973).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Cacing ini mempunyai bulbus posterior pada oesophagusnya. Cacing jantan mempunyai panjang 7-13 mm dan betina 10-15 mm, kesuanya mempunyai ekor yang menggulung. Alae, perluasan dari kutikula, membentang sepanjang sisi tubuh.Ekor cacing jantan mempunyai alae, precloacal sucker dan 12 pasang papila. Spikula unequal, kanan 2 mm dan kiri 0,65-0,7 mm. Vulva membuka di belakang bagian tengah tubuh dan telurnya mempunyai panjang 65-80 µ dan lebar 35-46 µ, dengan cangkang halus dan telah berembrio ketika dikeluarkan (Olsen, 1962).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Siklus hidupnya langsung. Telur ber sel tunggal ketika dikeluarkan bersama tinja. Telur tersebut mencapai tahap infektif (mengandung larva stadium kedua) dalam 12-14 hari pada suhu kamar, dan menginfeksi unggas melalui pencernaan. Sebagian telur menetas di dalam empedal dan duodenum, dan larva menuju sekum untuk menjadi matang di dalam lumen. Sebagian larva memasuki jaringan limfe selama 2-5 hari, tetapi segera kembali ke dalam lumen. Larva menyilih menjadi stadium ke tiga 4-6 hari sesudah tertelan, menjadi stadium ke mpat 9-10 hari setelah tertelan. Cacing tanah dapat menelan telur dan bertindak sebagai induk semang transpor, melindungi larva untuk satu tahun lebih (Levine, 1978). Identifikasi berdasarkan pada identifikasi telur dalam feses atau cacing dewasa dalam sekum (Flynn, 1973).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;CharacterStyle1&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Menopon gallinae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;CharacterStyle1&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;CharacterStyle1&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Merupakan kutu batang bulu “&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;shaft louse&lt;/i&gt;”, berwarna kuning pucat, dan hidup pada batang bulu. Panjang kutu jantan 1,71 mm dan betina 2,04 mm. Pada masing-masing segmen di bagian thorax dan abdomen memiliki sebaris rambut yang berdiri “bristle”. Kutu ini terdapat pada ayam, itik, serta merpati. Gerakannya sangat cepat dan kumpulan telurnya diletakkan di atas bulu hospesnya (Soulsby, 1968).&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kutu ini termasuk ke dalam superfamili &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;amblycera&lt;/i&gt;. Antena tidak begitu tampak, terletak di dalam lekukan ventrolateral pada masing-masing sisi samping kepala, dan masing-masing antena terdiri dari 5 ruas. Palpus maksilaris kadang-kadang tidak ada, tetapi mungkin menonjol di samping kepala yang sering dikelirukan dengan antena (Soulsby, 1968; Noble et al., 1989).&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; height=&quot;144&quot; hspace=&quot;12&quot; width=&quot;147&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Gambar &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Menopon gallinae&lt;/i&gt; (Levine, 1994)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Stapylococcus epidermidis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Stapylococcus epidermidis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; adalah bakteri yang tergolong dalam famili &lt;i&gt;Micrococcaceae, &lt;/i&gt;genus &lt;i&gt;Stapylococcus &lt;/i&gt;yang meliputi sekitar 20 spesies. Bakteri tersebut bersifat gram-positif, berbentuk kokus (bulat), dan pad preparat apus terlihat bergerombol menyerupai untaian buah anggur. &lt;i&gt;Stapylococcus sp. &lt;/i&gt;Yang sering diisolasi dari unggas meliputi &lt;i&gt;Stapylococcus aureus, Stapylococcus epidermidis dan Stapylococcus gallinarum. &lt;/i&gt;Bakteri tersebut bersifat &lt;i&gt;aerobik, fakultatif anaerobik&lt;/i&gt;, dan dapat diisolasi 5% agar darah.(Tabbu, 2000)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Stapylococcus epidermidis memiliki persamaan dengan Stapylococcus aureus yaitu keduanya merupakan bakteri yang sangat toleran terhadap garam, namun bakteri Stapylococcus epidermidis menunjukkan hasil negatif pada uji koagulase dan manitol (Bailey, 1962).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Bakteri Stapylococcus epidermidis merupakan bakteri yang normal di kulit. Infeksi terjadi jika bagian tertentu dari sistem pertahanan ayam mengalami kerusakan, misalnya luka pada kulit atau kerusakan membrana mukosa. Masa inkubasi stapylococcosis biasanya singkat, antara 1-3 hari dan penyakit tersebut dapat berlangsung 1-5 minggu (Tabbu, 2000). Ada beberapa stain Stapylococcus epidermidis yang dapat di isolasi dari conjunctiva normal, kasus ulser pada cornea dan endophtalmitis (Reddy &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;, 2004)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Infectious Coryza&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Infectious coryza (snot)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; merupakan penyakit saluran pernafasan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;pada ayam, yang disebabkan oleh bakteri dan dapat berlangsung akut sampai kronis. Secara umum snot dikenal sebagai penyakit yang menyebabkan kematian rendah tetapi morbiditasnya tinggi. Penyakit ini bersifat sangat infeksius dan terutama menyerang saluran pernapasan bagian atas (Tabbu, 2000). Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa penyebab penyakit ini adalah &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus gallinarum&lt;/i&gt;, yaitu organisme yang dalam pertumbuhannya memerlukan factor X (hemin) dan factor V ( nicotinamide adenine dinucleotid, NAD). Namun sejak tahun 1960, isolat bakteri ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;yang diisolasi hanya memerlukan factor V untuk pertumbuhan, yang kemudian organismenya dikenal dengan nama &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus paragallinarum. &lt;/i&gt;Penyakit ini dapat ditemukan hampir pada setiap periode pemeliharaan ayam (pedaging maupun petelur). Gejala klinis yang tampak menciri antara lain terdapat akumulasi eksudat di sinus nasalis dan sinus orbitalis, pembengkakan daerah facial, lakrimasi, anoreksia dan diare. Penurunan konsumsi pakan dan air menyebabkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan ayam dan menurunkan produksi telur (Calnek, 1997)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Infectious coryza biasanya sering terjadi pada musim penghujan atau musim dingin. Outbreak terjadi ketika ada ayam carrier dalam flock. Infeksi dalam flock disebarkan karena kontak langsung serta udara yang tercemar bakteri. Lamanya waktu infeksi bervariasi. Infeksi sekunder, kondisi kandang yang kurang baik, parasit, kekurangan nutrisi dapat memperlama waktu infeksi (Biester, 1952).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Perubahan makroskopik penyakit ini biasanya terbatas pada saluran pernapasan bagian atas. Penyakit ini akan menyebabkan keradangan kataralis akut pada membrana mukosa cavum nasi dan sinus (Chairman, 1989). Keradangan yang kronis akan ditandai dengan munculnya eksudat kaseosa pada sinus nasalis, sinus orbitalis, dan saccus konjungtiva (Biester, 1952). Kerapkali akan ditemukan adanya konjungtivitis kataralis dan edema subkutan pada daerah facialis dan pial. Perubahan histopatologi pada cavum nasi, sinus orbitalis dan trakea meliputi hyperplasia lapisan mukosa dan glandularis, edema, hyperemia, infiltrasi heterofil, mast cell dan makrofag di daerah tunika propria. Jika infeksi meluas ke saluran pernapasan bagian atas, maka akan ditemukan adanya bronkopneumonia akut, yang ditandai dengan adanya infiltrasi heterofil di antara dinding parabronki (Chairman, 1989). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES-AR&quot;&gt;Diagnosa Infectious coryza dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara. Pertama, isolasi dan identifikasi agen penyebab dengan menggunakan media dan prosedur yang sederhana. Spesimen diambil dari dari ayam stadium akut ( inkubasi 1-7 hari). Kulit di bawah mata diiris dengan pisau steril, sinus nasalis dipotong dengan menggunakan gunting steril. Bakteri ini tidak dapat bertahan hidup setelah 5 jam diluar tubuh ayam. Sehingga jika tidak segera dilakukan penanaman bakteri, sebaiknya organ disimpan dalam freezer. Swab steril dimasukkan kedalam sinus dimana organisme diduga terdapat dalam jumlah yang banyak. Swab kemudian di streak pada plat agar darah, kemudian di streak silang dengan &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus&lt;/i&gt; dan diinkubasi 37&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C dalam candle jar (Calnek, 1997). &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus paragallinarum &lt;/i&gt;tumbuh dalam 5% CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; pada suhu 37&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (Chairman, 1989). &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus epidermidis &lt;/i&gt;atau&lt;i&gt; Staphylococcus hycus &lt;/i&gt;merupakan organisme yang biasanya digunakan sebagai sumber makanan &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus paragallinarum&lt;/i&gt;, karena tidak semua strain mampu menghasilkan faktor V, sebagai faktor pertumbuhan (Calnek, 1997). Setelah inkubasi &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus paragallinarum&lt;/i&gt; akan tumbuh sebagai koloni cocobacillus diameter 0,3 mm, Gram negatif. Bakteri ini bersifat mikroaerofil, tidak motil, oksidase positif, koagulase negatif, pleomorphic, katalase negatif. (Chairman, 1989).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES-AR&quot;&gt;Selain dengan cara diatas &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus paragallinarum&lt;/i&gt; dapat ditumbuhkan tanpa mneggunakan nurse culture untuk isolasi. Namun hal ini tidak dianjurkan sebab beberapa media dapat menumbuhkan bermacam-macam organisme. Sedangkan pada nurse culture yang diikuti avian haemophili mudah dikenali dengan terbentuknya &lt;i&gt;satellitic growth&lt;/i&gt;. Beberapa media telah dibuktikan dapat digunakan untuk mensupport pertumbuhan avian haemophili, yaitu Haemophilus Maintenance Medium (HMM) dan Supplement Test Medium Agar (TM/SM). Avian haemophili dapat dipropagasi pada embrio ayam umur 5-7 hari. Biasanya inokulasi dilakukan melalui yolk sac. Setelah diiinkubasi satu malam, sejumlah besar Haemophilus akan tampak pada yolk sac dan dapat dipanen dan disimpan pada freezer -70&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C. Prosedur diagnosa yang lain adalah dengan inokulasi eksudat suspect dari sinus infraorbitalis pada 2 atau 3 ekor ayam (umur 4 minggu atau lebih). Gejala klinis diagnosa akan muncul 24-48 jam (Chairman, 1989).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES-AR&quot;&gt;Penyakit yang mirip dengan infectious coryza adalah SHS, CRD, fowl cholera, fowl pox dan A-avitaminosis. Sehubungan dengan kemungkinan adanya infeksi campuran antara coryza dengan bakteri lain atau virus, maka jika terjadi mortalitas yang tinggi dan proses penyakit yang lama, maka kemungkinan tersebut perlu dipertimbangkan (Calnek, 1997).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES-AR&quot;&gt;Karena ayam carrier dapat berperan sebagai&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;sumber infeksi, maka perlu dihindari untuk membawa pullet atau ayam lain yang mungkin membawa kuman &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus paragallinarum&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt; ke dalam lokasi peternakan yang tidak terinfeksi. Praktek pengamanan biologis yang ketat perlu dipertahankan, misalnya sanitasi/desinfeksi yang ketat, sistem perkandangan yang memadai dan istirahat kandang yang cukup (sekitar umur 17 minggu). Jumlah kelompok umur dalam suatu lokasi peternakan sebaiknya dikurangi untuk menghindari penularan penyakit dari ayam tua ke ayam muda. Praktek pengamanan biologis yang ketat, system perkandangan yang memadai dan istirahat kandang yang cukup (sekitar 2 minggu) (Calnek, 1997). Pemberian vaksin inaktif sebelum perkiraan timbulnya kasus dan sebelum produksi telur, yang didukung oleh praktek manajemen yang ketat kerapkali memberikan hasil yang menjanjikan. 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priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; 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Kanisius. Yogyakarta. Hal.58-60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Bailey, W.R. 1962. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Diagnostic Microbiology. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Saint Louis. The C.V. Mosby Company. Pp.119-121.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Benjamin, M.M., 1961. &lt;i&gt;Outline of Veterinary Clinical Pathology.&lt;/i&gt; Second edition. The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA. Pp.65-59, 72, 85-90.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Biester H.E.and L.H Schwarte. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1952. &lt;i&gt;Disease of Poultry. &lt;/i&gt;3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; edition. The IOWA State College Press. Ames. IOWA USA. Pp 79, 377-381.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Breed, R.S. 1948. &lt;i&gt;Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology .&lt;/i&gt;6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition. The Williams &amp;amp; Wikins Company.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;Pp 585-589.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Calnek B.W. 1997. &lt;i&gt;Disease of Poultry. &lt;/i&gt;10&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition. Iowa State University Press. Ames. Iowa. USA. Pp 179-185.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Chairman &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. 1989. &lt;i&gt;A Laboratory Manual&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;for The Isolation and Identification of Avian Pathogens. &lt;/i&gt;3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; edition. American Association of Avian Pathologists. University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square. Pp 27-30, 43. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Coles E.H. 1986. &lt;i&gt;Veterinary Clinical Pathology. &lt;/i&gt;3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; edition. The Iowa State University Press. Ames.Iowa. USA. Pp.77, 80-81.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Fieldman, B. F., Zinki, J. G., and Jain, N. C. 2000. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Schalm’s&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Veterinary Hematology&lt;/i&gt;. 5&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;ed. A. Walters Kluwer Company. New York. Pp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;38-40, 196.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Flynn, R.J. 1973. &lt;i&gt;Parasites of Laboratory Animal&lt;/i&gt;. The IOWA State University Press. Amess. Pp.163-167,226-229&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Hariono B. 1993. &lt;i&gt;Hematologi, Buku Pedoman Patologi Klinik.&lt;/i&gt; Laboratorium Patologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan UGM. Yogyakarta. Hal.15-16, 96-98.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Hofstad, M.S.; Calnek, B.W.; Hemboldt, C.F.; Reid, W.M.;Yoder, H.W. 1972. &lt;i&gt;Diseases of Poultry. &lt;/i&gt;6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; ed. The IOWA State University Press. Ames. Pp.844-897.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Jain N.C. 1986. &lt;i&gt;Veterinary Hematology.&lt;/i&gt; 4&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition. Lea and Febiger. Philadelphia. Pp.257, 829, 947-948.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Levine D Norman. 1978. &lt;i&gt;Veterinary Parasitology&lt;/i&gt;. Burgess Publishing Company. Minneapolis. P.72.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Levine, D.N., 1994. &lt;i&gt;Parasitologi Veteriner.&lt;/i&gt; Cetakan ke-2. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. Hal.167-168, 268-270.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;      &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Mitruka B. M and M. R. Howard. 1981.&lt;i&gt;Clinical Biochemical and Hematological, Reference Value in Normal Experimental Animals and Normal Human. &lt;/i&gt;2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; edition. Your Book Medical Publisher. Chicago Press. Ames.Iowa. USA. Pp.453-467.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 30pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -30pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Mulyono, S. 1999. Memelihara Ayam Buras Berorientasi Agribisnis. Penebar Swadaya. Hal.36-49&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Olsen, O.W. 1962. &lt;i&gt;Animal Parasites : The Biology and Life Cycles&lt;/i&gt;. Burgess Publishing Company. Minneapolis 15, Minnesota. Pp.210-215&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Reddy T.N., Mahajan V.M. 2004. &lt;i&gt;Toxigenik strain of Stapylococcus epidermidis and their experimental cornel pathogenic in rabbits &lt;/i&gt;.R.p. Centre New Delhi India&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Verdana&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color: rgb(0, 0, 37);&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Journal International ophthalmology. Abstract&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Rukmana, R. 2003. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ayam Buras, Intensifikasi dan Kiat Pengembangan&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;Yogyakarta&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;Penerbit Kanisius. Pp.14-33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Schalm, O.W, Jain,N.C, Carrol,E.J, 1975&lt;i&gt;, Veterinary hematology&lt;/i&gt;, 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; Edition, Mosby, P.504&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Soulsby, E.J.L. 1968. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animal &lt;/i&gt;7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition. London : The English Language Book Society and Bailliere Tindall. Pp.100; 291; 300; 337 – 338; 367.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Tabbu R. C. 2000. &lt;i&gt;Penyakit Ayam dan Penanggulangannya&lt;/i&gt;. Volume 1. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. Hal.14-20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Tizard. Ian. &lt;i&gt;Pengantar Imunologi Veteriner&lt;/i&gt;. Edisi ke duaAir Langga University Press. Surabaya.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Hal.145&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Yuwanta, T. 2004. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Dasar Ternak Unggas&lt;/i&gt;. Yogyakarta : Penerbit Kanisius. Hal.25-31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES-AR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/8802145226168620919/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2011/02/infestasi-cacing-raillietina.html#comment-form' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/8802145226168620919'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/8802145226168620919'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2011/02/infestasi-cacing-raillietina.html' title='INFESTASI CACING Raillietina echinobothrida, Ascaridia galli, Heterakis Sp, KUTU PENGGIGIT Menopon gallinae, DIISOLASI DAN DIIDENTIFIKASI Stapylococcu'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-6669443701903761061</id><published>2010-12-26T19:21:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-12-26T19:21:40.611-08:00</updated><title type='text'>REPTIL</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt; v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:officedocumentsettings&gt;   &lt;o:allowpng/&gt;   &lt;o:targetscreensize&gt;1024x768&lt;/o:TargetScreenSize&gt; 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priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt; 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priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:10.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:20pt;&quot;  &gt;REPTIL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;ULAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;Ular adalah suatu kelompok reptilia yang bertubuh gilig panjang dan ramping. Panjangnya bervariasi; yang terkecil (ular lidi) sekitar 10 centimeter, sedangkan yang terbesar (ular sawa atau python) menurut Guinness Book of Record adalah 10 meter ditemukan di Sulawesi pada tahun 1912. Namun menurut Gatra (2004) di Taman Rekreasi Curug Sewu, Kendal, Jawa Tengah, terdapat ular &lt;i&gt;Python reticulatus&lt;/i&gt; (ular sanca) dengan panjang 15 meter, lingkar tubuh 84 cm dan berat 447 kg hasil tangkapan suku kubu, Jambi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 42pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ular merupakan hewan berdarah dingin, maka temperatur tubuh&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;mendekati suhu lingkungan, sehingga reptil ini sering berjemur di bawah sinar matahari saat hari dingin dan bersembunyi dalam tempat teduh saat udara panas. Seekor ular yang terlalu dingin akan menjadi lemas dan tidak dapat mencerna makanan dengan baik. Ular–ular tampak di daerah &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;hibernate&lt;/i&gt; ketika musim dingin. Sebagian besar ular merupakan hewan semiakuatik yang hidup di darat tetapi masuk ke dalam air saat mencari mangsa. Ular air dapat bergantung di atas tumbuhan air dan mereka akan terjun ke dalam air saat dikejutkan atau saat mencari mangsa (Carpenter, 2001).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;Ular tidak punya kaki, telinga dan gendang telinga. Tidak punya kelopak mata yang dapat digerakkan, untuk membedakan dengan keluarga kadal. Karakteristik anatomi yang lain tidak terlihat dari luar dan digunakan sebagai karakteristik pembeda (Grzimek, 1975). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;Ular terdiri dari &lt;i&gt;pectoral&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;girdle&lt;/i&gt; dan tulang dada, bagian yang longgar dari tengkorak, lengkungan tulang zygomatic, tulang lacrimale dan elemen tulang lain. (Grzimek, 1975). Ular memiliki 200 – 300 ruas tulang iga kecuali dua tulang leher pertama. Tulang belakang dan tulang iga mempunyai persendian (artikulasi) yang sangat luwes. Itulah sebabnya ular mampu melakukan gerakan melingkar, melilit, mengembang atau mengempis (Dharmojono, 1998). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;Bentuk dan letak organ internal (hati, lambung, paru-paru, ginjal, jantung, dan sebagainya) menyesuaikan bentuk tubuh ular yang langsing. Jantung di semua reptil tidak mempunyai ruangan yang sepenuhnya terpisah. Akan tampak lain bila dibandingkan dengan kura-kura yang tampak terlihat seperti kantung yang tertekan. Meskipun tidak memiliki thorax yang keras dan pelindung tubuh, tetapi relatif lembut. Lokasi jantung tidak dapat ditunjukkan secara visual. Di beberapa species, jantung terletak pada seperempat bagian dari panjang tubuh dari depan. Ular tidak suka dipegang pada bagian ini. Dan mereka akan bereaksi bersikap bertahan. Pada embrio, jantung dekat dengan kepala. (Grzimek, 1975).&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Delaney (2000) mengatakan bahwa ular dapat dibedakan atas beberapa famili yaitu: &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Leptotyphlopidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;thread snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 2 genus, 78 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Typhlopidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;blind snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 3 genus, 180 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Anomalepidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;dawn blind snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 4 genus, 20 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Acrochordidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;asian wart snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 2 genus, 3 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Aniliidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;false coral snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 9 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Uropeltidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;shield tail snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 8 genus, 44 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Xenopeltidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;sunbeam snake&lt;/i&gt;) 1 genus, 1 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Boidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;boas, pythons&lt;/i&gt;) 27 genus, 88 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Colubridae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;colubrids, boomslang, bird snake&lt;/i&gt;) 292 genus, 1562 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Elapidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;cobras, mambas, coral&lt;/i&gt;) 61 genus, 236 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Viperidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;vipers&lt;/i&gt;) 7 genus, 187 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Hydrophidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;sea snakes&lt;/i&gt;). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Beberapa karakteristik umum akan membantu kita dalam membedakan ular yang berbisa dan yang tidak berbisa. Ular yang berbisa memiliki bintik atau bukaan di antara kedua matanya dan lubang hidung. Mereka juga memiliki pupil mata yang secara vertical berbentuk elips. Ular yang tidak berbisa tidak memiliki bintik dan memiliki pupil mata yang bulat. Selain itu, ular yang berbisa memiliki 1 baris sisik di bawah ekornya, sedangkan ular yang tidak berbisa tampak memiliki 2 baris sisik di bawah ekornya. Pola pewarnaan kulit secara umum sulit hingga tidak dapat secara pasti digunakan untuk membedakan kedua jenis ular karena adanya variasi dalam 1 spesies (Miller, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Viperidae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt; dan &lt;i&gt;Crotalidae&lt;/i&gt; mewakili sebagian besar perkembangan spesies dari reptil. Dua famili ini termasuk spesies yang berbisa sekali yang mempunyai alat memasukkan atau menyuntikkan venom mutlak sempurna. Pada ular yang pendek ujung tulang maxillaris keduanya panjang, gigi taringnya tajam melalui saluran internal yang mana racun diproduksi oleh glandula venom. Pintu saluran dekat ujung dari taring. Ketika mulut ular tertutup, gigi taring akan menutup ke dalam tetapi ketika mulut ular terbuka lebar gigi taring ditinggikan oleh rangkaian pengangkat tulang (Anonim, 2000). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Secara umum ular benar-benar tidak menggigit, mereka memasukkan giginya ke dalam daging korbannya dengan gerakan ke bawah dan memasukkan atau menyuntikkan venom pada waktu yang sama. Sistem kerjanya seperti siring hipodermik (Anonim,2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;Senjata yang baik ini hanya digunakan untuk berburu baik ular berbisa maupun ular berderik. Ketika mangsa jaraknya dekat ular dengan cepat menangkap kepala dan bagian depan tubuh mangsa, menyuntikkan racun ke dalam tubuh korbannya kemudian menariknya dan meninggalkan mangsanya. Gerakannya sangat cepat sehingga kadang-kadang kita tidak dapat melihatnya. Setelah menyerang ular akan menunggu pengaruh racunnya dan akhirnya mencari tubuh mangsanya menggunakan sedikit penciuman untuk menangkap dengan garpu lidahnya (Anonim, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;Famili ular berbisa ini hanya ditemukan di Asia, Eropa dan Afrika. Mangsa yang disukai oleh ular berbisa adalah rodensia kecil dan besar. &lt;i&gt;Viperidae&lt;/i&gt; dan &lt;i&gt;Crotalidae &lt;/i&gt;meninggalkan tempat persembunyiannya&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;ketika suhu lingkungan diantara 60-80&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt; F. Sehingga kita dapat mendekatinya dengan tetap menjaga jarak pada malam hari tergantung dengan temperatur. Seperti ular-ular lain, ular berbisa meletakkan telur mereka dan membiarkannya. Tetapi mereka berbeda dari ular&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;yang lain dalam hal ini, ketika telur-telur diletakkan telur tersebut telah berisi penuh embryo yang sedang berkembang yang mana kulitnya dapat pecah dan keluar setelah beberapa jam. Pada beberapa spesies, perkembangan dari embryo di samping tubuh induknya dan betina dari ular berbisa sudah mempunyai venom dan segera pergi untuk berburu (Miller, 2003). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Viperidae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt; merupakan ular berbisa yang juga disebut ular biludak, yang hidup di Eropa dan Asia. Satu dari kebanyakan spesies yang cantik mempunyai warna yang terang pada kulitnya yaitu ular berbisa &lt;i&gt;rhinocheros&lt;/i&gt; (Miller, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Crotalidae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt; lebih mengejutkan dibanding beberapa ular karena mereka besar, berat, hitam mengkilat. Meskipun begitu ular derik kurang berbahaya karena mereka memberi peringatan pada manusia daripada mereka membunuh manusia dengan cara menggerakkan ekor yang kecil. Cincin ekor akan bergetar menimbulkan bunyi yang khas dimana ini membuktikan bahwa ular tidak tentu agresif, gesit dan sebagai pemburu. Ketika melihat mangsanya ular derik tidak mendekati tapi menakuti dengan getaran ekornya atau jika di hadapannya panas (Anonim, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Organ istimewa ular derik ada di atas kepala, di antara hidung dan mata. Mereka mempunyai dua lubang penghubung dengan ruang kecil masing-masing bagian setengah dari membran. Organ itu dapat melepaskan sinar infra merah ke tubuh mangsa. Ular menggunakan itu untuk berburu, mereka menggunakan untuk mengikuti mangsa. Ular dapat berburu di semua situasi, siang, malam atau dalam gelap. Mereka juga dapat menggunakan untuk mamalia dengan tubuh lebih panas dari sekitar, tetapi tidak dapat bekerja untuk mangsa berdarah dingin seperti amphibi dan reptil (Miller, 2003). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;color:black;&quot;    lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pakan ular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;color:black;&quot;   &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;color:black;&quot;    lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pakan ular bervariasi. Ular air mengkonsumsi sejumlah besar ikan dan hewan amfibi. Ular darat memakan rodensia, telur burung, hewan amfibi seperti misalnya katak dan &lt;i&gt;salamander&lt;/i&gt; dan ular lainnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; Pemberian pakan ular didasarkan pada jenisnya :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Rattle snake&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; : mammalia&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;kecil,&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;burung,&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;dan kadal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;King kobra&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;: ular lain&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Rainbow&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;: mammalia kecil dan burung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Racer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil, burung, kadal, dan amphibi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Green&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: insektifora&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;King snake&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil dan kadal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Hog nosed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia, katak, dan salamander&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Coral&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: ular lain, kadal, mamalia kecil, dan ikan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kobra&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil dan burung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Copperhead&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;             &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: anakan kadal, katak dewasa, dan mama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;lia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; kecil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Gropher, Bull,Pine&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil dan burung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Anaconda&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;: mammalia kecil, burung, dan ikan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Python, Boa &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;               &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;: mammalia dan burung&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;(Delaney, 2000)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent3&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penentuan frekuensi pemberian pakan didasarkan pada rutinitas defekasi, tingkah laku dan kebutuhan fisiologi. Pada masa reproduksi frekuensi pemberian pakan sebaiknya ditingkatkan (Anonim, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent3&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Handling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Anastesi sangat diperlukan saat hendak memegang ular yang berbisa. Ular yang agresif harus dipegang secara lembut dan kuat pada bagian belakang kepala dan tubuhnya. Untuk mengantisipasi urinasi, defekasi dan sekresi dari glans analis, maka bagian belakang tubuh ular perlu diletakkan dalam karung (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png&quot; height=&quot;275&quot; width=&quot;528&quot; /&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                                                &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                                                                                    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;(Miller, 2003)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Sexing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Jenis kelamin ular dapat dibedakan menggunakan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;probe&lt;/i&gt; yang steril yang setelah diberi lubrikan dimasukkan ke dalam &lt;i&gt;inverted&lt;/i&gt; hemipenis. Ular jantan memiliki hemipenis terbuka sehingga &lt;i&gt;probe&lt;/i&gt; dapat masuk kira–kira 6–8 sisik panjangnya atau lebih. Pada ular betina &lt;i&gt;probe&lt;/i&gt; hanya masuk sekitar 2–4 sisik. Beberapa betina memiliki vestigeal hemipenis (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pemeriksaan kesehatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ular yang baru datang hendaknya dikarantina terlebih dahulu selama 90 hari. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan, meliputi pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan feses dan pemeriksaan ektoparasit. Dalam pemeriksaan juga perlu dilakukan penimbangan terhadap berat badan. Pemeriksaan dimulai dengan mengamati gerakan respirasi dan tingkah laku ular. Bisa ular beracun diambil dengan menjepitkan gigi taring atas ular pada pinggiran gelas. Pada tahap ekdisis juga dilakukan penilaian yang tergantung pada umur, nutrisi dan ukuran ular. Pada awal ekdisis, mata dan kulit akan berkabut, pada pertengahan ekdisis mata menjadi bersih dan mengkilat, sedangkan pada tahap &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;shed&lt;/i&gt; terjadi 1–4 hari setelah tahap pertengahan. Selama siklus &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;shed&lt;/i&gt; hendaknya ular jangan dipegang karena kulit dalam kondisi sangat rapuh. Pemeriksaan gigi dilakukan dengan mengamati susunan gigi. Sebagian ular mempunyai 4 jajaran gigi pada bagian atas dan 2 jajaran gigi pada bagian bawah. Pergantian gigi ular terjadi secara teratur. Pada kondisi normal mukosa mulut ular berwarna pucat, mengkilat dan lembut. Auskultasi pada jantung dan respirasi ular sulit dilakukan, yang mungkin dilakukan adalah palpasi jantung. Ular merupakan hewan yang memiliki jadwal rutin dalam defekasi dan urinasi sehingga jika terjadi perubahan dapat digunakan sebagai indikasi terjadinya penyakit. Ular menyimpan urin di ureter dan kolon, bukan di vesika urinaria (Delaney, 2000;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;Carpenter, 2001).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pengambilan sampel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Sampel darah dapat diambil dari v. palatina dorsalis, v. ventralis ekor dan kardiosentesis. Antikoagulan yang sebaiknya digunakan adalah heparin lithium (Miller, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kandang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kandang hendaknya disesuaikan dengan kebiasaan ular serta dibuat seaman mungkin sehingga ular tidak mudah keluar. Bahan untuk pembuatan kandang ular antara lain adalah kaca, fiberglass atau akrilik. Alas kandang dapat berupa koran atau ampas gergaji (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Aplikasi medikasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pemberian obat biasanya dilakukan suntikan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;SC, IM, IV dan Intra Caelomic. Di samping itu bisa juga dilakukan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;cardiac puncture&lt;/i&gt; (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Beberapa penyakit dan gangguan yang sering dijumpai pada ular antara lain adalah : trauma, fraktur spina, kulit terbakar, anoreksia, infeksi sistemik sekunder, prolaps uterus-kolon–rektum, distokia dan obstipasi atau konstipasi (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;KEGIATAN PERAWATAN REPTIL DI &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;KRKB GEMBIRA LOKA YOGYAKARTA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 200%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h4 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:12pt;&quot; &gt;Perawatan Ular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;Ular di karantina Gembira Loka di kandangkan di aquarium dari plastik yang memiliki tutup yang rapat dan di beri lubang yang cukup untuk kebutuhan sirkulasi. Setiap hari ular dan kandang dibersihkan bila telah kelihatan kotor. &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Caranya ular dikeluarkan dari akuarium dan dimasukkan ke dalam ember yang berisi air kemudian badan ular digosok dengan tangan. Setelah bersih, ular di jemur sambil di keringkan dengan handuk kering. Handling untuk ular yang besar dan atau berbisa selain menggunakan tangan dilakukan dengan hook ular serta dilakukan lebih dari satu orang. Pakan yang diberikan bervariasi antara lain mencit, tikus putih dan marmot. Pemberian pakan dilakukan setiap 1-2 minggu sekali dengan mencatat jenis dan jumlah makanan yang diberikan serta tanggal pemberiannya pada etiket yang di tempel di kandangnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Jenis ular yang terdapat di &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;Gembira Loka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; antara lain : &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Molurus python, Reticulatus python, Liasis albertisi, Trimeresurus sp., Angkistrodon rhodostoma, Cobra, King Cobra&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Cobra&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Spesies ini dikenal dengan tudung yang terletak disamping kulit dan kepala. Jika terancam &lt;i&gt;cobra&lt;/i&gt; akan menegakkan kepalanya dan membentangkan tudungnya. Pada keadaan normal akan terlihat lebih besar. Raja kobra mempunyai panjang 13 kaki (4 meter). Sedikit tetesan bisanya dapat membunuh dalam beberapa menit. Di Asia Selatan &lt;i&gt;cobra &lt;/i&gt;mempunyai tudung disekitar dorsal dengan ukuran tertentu dan topi yang keras seperti baja. Sedangkan &lt;i&gt;cobra Afrika&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Hemachalus &lt;/i&gt;atau kobra peludah) lebih suka tehnik mempertahankan. Binatang tersebut tidak kecil tetapi air liurnya beracun, ia dapat mengeluarkan bisanya dan berkelahi dengan sasarannya sejauh 6 kaki atau 2 meter, tetapi racunnya hanya efektif bila terkena mukosa. Jika bisa tersebut terkena mata dapat mengakibatkan kebutaan yang permanen (Miller, 2003).&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Python reticulatus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Python, atau ular sawah suatu kelompok ular yang berciri khas badan berukuran besar dengan pola gambar yang menarik (Gambar 1). &lt;i&gt;Python reticulatus&lt;/i&gt; bercirikan ukuran tubuh paling panjang diantara jenis python, yaitu dapat mencapai sekitar 13 meter. Warna kulit bagian punggung coklat atau kekuningan dengan bercak-bercak berbentuk silang atau jala. Bagian perutnya kuning muda dengan bercak-bercak kecil coklat. Di tengah bagian atas kepala terdapat garis hitam yang berjalan dari ujung moncong sampai bagian tengkuk, sedangkan di bagian sisi kepalanya terdapat garis miring berwarna gelap mulai dari mata sampai sudut moncong. (Anonim, 1994).&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 200%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;DAFTAR PUSTAKA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Anonim.,2000,&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Reptilia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;,&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.flmnh.edu/natschi/herpertology/Brittoncross/csp_cnov.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;http://www.flmnh.edu/natschi/herpertology/Brittoncross/csp_cnov.htm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;color:black;&quot;    lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Carpenter, Moshima, Rupiper, 2001, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Exotic Animal Formulary&lt;/i&gt;, 2nd edition, W.B Saunders Company, USA.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;color:black;&quot;   &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Delaney, C.A.J., 2000, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Exotic Companion Medicine Handbook&lt;/i&gt;, Zoological Education Network, Lake Worth, Florida.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Dharmojono, 1998. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Hewan Eksotik Kesayangan&lt;/i&gt;. Cetakan 1. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Grzimeks, 1976, &lt;i&gt;Animal Life Encyclopedia&lt;/i&gt;, Reptil vol.VI, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;  &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-family:&amp;quot;;font-size:12pt;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Miller, M. F.,2003,&lt;i&gt;Anatomyofsnake&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.herpetology.com/cdrom.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;http://www.herpetology.com/cdrom.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/6669443701903761061/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/12/reptil.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/6669443701903761061'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/6669443701903761061'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/12/reptil.html' title='REPTIL'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-5738355438368904053</id><published>2010-11-25T21:58:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-11-25T22:03:00.707-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt; v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:officedocumentsettings&gt;   &lt;o:allowpng/&gt;   &lt;o:targetscreensize&gt;1024x768&lt;/o:TargetScreenSize&gt; 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priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;  mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; 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 &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Oleh&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;: Sony Hanyuwito&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10cm; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; z-index: 251657728; left: -27px; top: 7px; width: 640px; height: 9px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png&quot; height=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Analog GnRH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Gn-RH alamiah merupakan hormon peptida pendek yang terdiri dari rangkaian 10 asam amino. Gn-RH ini memiliki waktu paruh yang singkat, ikatan reseptor yang lemah dan sangat mudah di hancurkan oleh enzim peptidase . Untuk mendapatkan analog Gn-RH , maka susunan asam amino pada Gn-RH alami diganti dengan asam amino lain pada rantai 6 dan 10. Menurut cara kerjanya analog Gn-RH di bagi dalam dua bentuk, yaitu agonis Gn-RH dan antagonis Gn-RH (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Speroff, 2005).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Agonis GnRhH&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Agonis GnRH adalah bentuk modifikasi dari GnRH yang mengikat reseptor GnRH pada hipofise dalam waktu lama, berbeda dengan GnRH alam yang mempunyai waktu paruh sangat pendek. Analog GnRH sudah cukup lama dikenal sejak ditemukan Schally dkk pada tahun 1977 yang berhasil mengisolasi, mengenal dan mensintesis Gn-RH. Gn-RH sintesis ini dikenal dengan istilah analog Gn-RH (Gn-RH-a). Hingga kini analog GnRH digunakan untuk beragam indikasi klinis antara lain: mencegah ovulasi dan menghentikan daur haid, menghentikan pertumbuhan dan memperkecil ukuran lesi endometriosis, memperkecil ukuran uterus, menghentikan pertumbuhan fibroma uterus dan meningkatkan penyusutan fibroma, perdarahan uterus disfungsi (PUD) dan kista ovarium.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Kerja Agonis GnRH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Pada pemberian agonis Gn-RH secara kontinyu (tanpa berdenyut), maka agonis Gn-RH tersebut akan menduduki reseptor di hipofisis anterior, dengan cara mengurangi sensitifitas hipofisis terhadap rangsangan agonis Gn-RH , sehingga terjadi penurunan sekresi LH dan FSH. Akibatnya produksi estrogen dan progesteron pun oleh ovarium akan berkurang (receptor down-regulation). Long-acting GnRH agonist ini (leuprolide, nafarelin, goserelin) mengakibatkan keadaan hipogonadal hipogonadotropik yang disebut pseudomenopause atau ooforektomi medikal , tetapi kedua istilah itu kurang tepat karena pada menopause ovarium tidak memproduksi estrogen karena tidak ada folikel. Pada kedua keadaan tersebut terjadi kenaikan kadar gonadotropin yang bermakna. Sebaliknya perempuan yang mendapat terapi agonis GnRH tidak memproduksi estrogen karena kedua ovarium tidak mendapatkan rangsang gonadotropin yang adekuat; akibatnya kadar FSH dan LH sangat rendah. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Pada awal pemberian terjadi stimulasi reseptor dan dengan sendirinya terjadi pengeluaran LH dan FSH dalam jumlah besar, sehingga terjadi pemicuan sintesis estrogen dan progesteron di ovarium (flare up). Ikatan reseptor agonis Gn-RH ini sangat kuat (slow reversibility), sehingga meskipun pemberiannya telah dihentikan namun efeknya terhadap tubuh manusia masih ada berbulan-bulan. Karena cara kerjanya yang menimbulkan flare up, dan mengurangi sensitivitas hipofisis anterior, maka analog Gn-RH jenis ini disebut pula sebagai agonis Gn-RH (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Schweppe, 2005)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;REFERENSI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 49.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -49.65pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Speroff. L, Fritz MA., Endometriosis , Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and&lt;br /&gt;Infertility, 7th, William &amp;amp; Willkins, Baltimore. 2005; 1103 – 34.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 49.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -49.65pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 49.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -49.65pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Schweppe K-W, Hummelshoj L. Recommendations on the use of GnRH in the management of endometriosis. In: Lunenfeld B (ed). GnRH Analogs in Human Reproduction. United Kingdom: Francis &amp;amp; Taylor, 2005:53-66.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/5738355438368904053/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvml-o_25.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/5738355438368904053'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/5738355438368904053'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvml-o_25.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-7411663655483713195</id><published>2010-11-19T01:31:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2010-11-19T01:31:54.715-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt; v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:officedocumentsettings&gt;   &lt;o:allowpng/&gt;   &lt;o:targetscreensize&gt;1024x768&lt;/o:TargetScreenSize&gt; 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name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; 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priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:10.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:shapedefaults ext=&quot;edit&quot; spidmax=&quot;1027&quot;&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:shapelayout ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;   &lt;o:idmap ext=&quot;edit&quot; data=&quot;1&quot;&gt;   &lt;o:rules ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;    &lt;o:r id=&quot;V:Rule1&quot; type=&quot;connector&quot; idref=&quot;#_x0000_s1026&quot;&gt;   &lt;/o:rules&gt;  &lt;/o:shapelayout&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;PENYAKIT INFERTILITAS PADA SAPI, BABI, KUDA, DOMBA, KAMBING, ANJING DAN KUCING&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; z-index: 251657728; left: -19px; top: 7px; width: 641px; height: 9px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png&quot; height=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;641&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA SAPI&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;BRUCELLOSIS PADA SAPI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Pada sapi di sebabkan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Brucella abortus&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; merupakan zoonosis, gram-negatif coccobacillus, ditularkan melalui konsumsi janin, plasenta, leleran rahim, atau bahan yang tercemar oleh produk tersebut&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Pada sapi gejala klinik yang mencolok terjadi abortus, terutama pada usia kebuntingan lanjut (7-8 bulan). Umumnya sapi hanya mengalami keguguran sekali saja pada kebuntingan yang brurutan. Meskipun demikian induk sapi yang mengalami keguguran tersebut masih membawa Br. abortus sampai 2 tahun. Sapi yang terinfeksi secara kronik dapat mengalami higroma (pembesaran kantong persendian karena berisi cairan bening atau fibrinopurulen).&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;-Untuk screening digunakan uji rose bengal atau rapid agglutination test.&lt;br /&gt;-Jika positif terhadap uji rose bengal perlu dilanjutkan dengan uji reaksi pengikatan komplemen (Complement Fixation Test) atau ELISA.&lt;br /&gt;-Untuk daerah baru pengukuhan diagnosis harus dilanjutkan dengan isolasi Br.abortus.&lt;br /&gt;-Uji serum aglutinasi pada manusia sering ditemukan negatif palsu meskipun sebenarnya mempunyai titer yang tinggi. Untuk mengatasi hal ini digunakan uji coombs atau anti human globulin test, disamping uji serum agglutinasi dan uji pengikatan komplemen.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;-Isolasi Br.abortus pada sapi dilakukan dengan mengirimkan cairan, membran fetus, susu, kelenjar limfe supramamaria dalam keadaan segar dan dingin ke laboratorium.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pada hewan khususnya sapi kasus brucellosis umumnya tidak berespon baik terhadap pengobatan. Oleh karena itu tindakan yang dilakukan didasarkan pada tinggi rendahnya prevalensi penyakit di suatu daerah. Pada daerah dengan prevalensi &lt;&gt; 2% dilakukan vaksinasi menggunakan vaksi Br. abortus strain 19.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;LEPTOSPIROSIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penyebabnya yaitu &lt;i&gt;Leptospira pomona, Leptospira gripothyposa, Leptospira conicola, Leptospira hardjo.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Cara&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;penularannya melalui kulit terbuka/ selaput lendir (mulut, &lt;i&gt;pharynx&lt;/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;hidung, mata) karena kontak dengan makanan dan minuman yang tercemar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala yang nampak diantaranya : &lt;i&gt;anoreksia &lt;/i&gt;(tidak mau makan), produksi susu turun, &lt;i&gt;abortus &lt;/i&gt;pada pertengahan kebuntingan dan biasanya terjadi &lt;i&gt;retensi plasenta, metritis dan&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;infertilitas&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pengendalian kejadian leptospirosis meliputi sanitasi yang baik, isolasi hewan yang sakit serta hindari pakan dan minuman dari pencemaran, vaksinasi dengan &lt;i&gt;serotipe &lt;/i&gt;(jenis) leptospira yang ada di daerah tersebut. Pengobatan dengan antibiotika dosis tinggi, 3 juta IU penicillin dan 5 gr streptomycin (2x sehari).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;VIBRIOSIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebabnya adalah &lt;i&gt;Vibrio fetus veneralis &lt;/i&gt;atau &lt;i&gt;Campylobacter foetus veneralis. &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Dapat menular melalui perkawinan dengan pejantan tercemar. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Gejala yang timbul diataranya : &lt;i&gt;endometritis &lt;/i&gt;dan kadang – kadang &lt;i&gt;salpingitis &lt;/i&gt;dengan leleran &lt;i&gt;mukopurulen&lt;/i&gt;, siklus estrus diperpanjang ± 32 hari, kematian embrio, &lt;i&gt;abortus &lt;/i&gt;pada trisemester 2 kebuntingan dan terjadinya &lt;i&gt;infertilitas &lt;/i&gt;karena kematian embrio dini.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pengendaliannya yaitu dengan cara IB dengan semen sehat, istirahat kelamin selama 3 bulan pada hewan yang terinfeksi, vaksinasi dengan bakterin 30-90 hari sebelum dikawinkan atau setiap tahun. Pengobatan dengan &lt;i&gt;infuse&lt;/i&gt; (pemasukan) antibiotika spektrum luas secara &lt;i&gt;intra uterin&lt;/i&gt;, injeksi pejantan dengan dihydrostreptomisin dosis 22 mg/kg BB secara subkutan (di bawah kulit).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;TUBERKULOSIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebabnya adalah &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium bovis&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Dapat menular melalui ekskresi, sputum (riak), feses, susu, urin, semen, &lt;i&gt;traktus&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;genitalis &lt;/i&gt;(saluran kelamin), pernafasan, ingesti dan perkawinan dengan hewan yang sakit. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Gejala yang nampak diataranya : &lt;i&gt;abortus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;retensi plasenta&lt;/i&gt;, lesi uterus bilateral, &lt;i&gt;salpingitis &lt;/i&gt;dan &lt;i&gt;adhesi &lt;/i&gt;(perlekatan) antara uterus. Penanganan dan pencegahan diantaranya dengan sanitasi kandang dan lingkungan, pengobatan dengan antibiotika, isolasi hewan yang terinfeksi dan vaksinasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;IBR- IPV&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebabnya adalah virus herpes dengan tingkat kematian prenatal dan neonatal cukup tinggi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Penularan dapat melalui air, pakan, kontak langsung maupun tidak langsung. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Gejala yang nampak dalam berbagai bentuk, yaitu :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Respiratorik bagian atas (demam, &lt;i&gt;anorexia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;depresi&lt;/i&gt;, leleran hidung, nodula/ bungkul-bungkul pada hidung, &lt;i&gt;pharynx&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;trachea&lt;/i&gt;, batuk, penurunan produksi susu).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Konjungtival (&lt;i&gt;hiperlakrimasi &lt;/i&gt;dengan eksudat &lt;i&gt;mukopurulen&lt;/i&gt;, konjungtiva merah dan bengkak, adanya pustula pada konjungtiva dan &lt;i&gt;ulcer nekrotik&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Digestif neonatal ( &lt;i&gt;septikemia&lt;/i&gt;, lesi pada mulut, &lt;i&gt;larynx &lt;/i&gt;dan &lt;i&gt;pharynx&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Meningoencepalitis &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;(kelesuan, inkoordinasi, tremor, mati dalam 3-4 hari).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Vulvovagina (&lt;i&gt;septikemia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;pustula &lt;/i&gt;dan &lt;i&gt;ulcer &lt;/i&gt;pada vagina dan vulva disertai leleran &lt;i&gt;purulen&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Preputial &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;(&lt;i&gt;pustula &lt;/i&gt;dan &lt;i&gt;ulcer &lt;/i&gt;pada penis dan &lt;i&gt;preputium&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Abortus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;dan prenatal (&lt;i&gt;abortus &lt;/i&gt;pada trisemester kebuntingan).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Intrauterina (&lt;i&gt;endometritis nekrotik&lt;/i&gt;, uterus tegang dan &lt;i&gt;edematus&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pemberian antibiotik, karantina hewan dan istirahat kelamin selama 3-4 minggu, vaksinasi kombinasi (IBR, IPV dan BVD-MD).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;BVD-MD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Virus BVD-MD.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:menyerang sapi dengan gejala: demam tinggi, depresi, &lt;i&gt;anorexia&lt;/i&gt;, diare, lesi pada mukosa mulut dan sistem pencernaan, &lt;i&gt;abortus &lt;/i&gt;pada 2-9 bulan kebuntingan serta terjadinya kawin berulang.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pengobatan dengan pemberian antibiotika, pencegahan dengan vaksinasi umur 9-10 bulan. Sanitasi dan desinfeksi kandang dan lingkungan penting untuk diperhatikan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;EBA (Epizootik Bovine Abortion)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebabnya C&lt;i&gt;hlamydia &lt;/i&gt;atau &lt;i&gt;Megawanella&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Gejala yang nampak :&lt;i&gt;abortus &lt;/i&gt;pada 4-9 bulan kebuntingan, &lt;i&gt;stillbirth &lt;/i&gt;(lahir kemudian mati), jika fetus lahir maka lemah, &lt;i&gt;retensi plasenta&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pengobatan dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian antibiotika. Sedangkan pengendaliannya dapat dilakukan dengan isolasi/ karantina hewan yang sakit, vaksinasi, sanitasi dan desinfeksi kandang.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;TRIKOMONIASIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebabnya &lt;i&gt;Trichomonas fetus&lt;/i&gt;, merupakan penyakit kelamin menular pada sapi yang ditandai dengan penurunan kesuburan (S/C tinggi), &lt;i&gt;abortus &lt;/i&gt;dini (4 bulan kebuntingan/trisemester pertama kebuntingan).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Penularan dengan kawin alam maupun dengan IB. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pengendaliannya dengan:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;IB dengan pejantan sehat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Istirahat kelamin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pemberian antibiotik intra uterin pada betina terinfeksi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pemberian estrogen/ PGF2α&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pejantan kronis diberi bovoflavin/ metronidazole atau dieliminasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;TOXOPLASMOSIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebabnya &lt;i&gt;Toxoplasma gondii&lt;/i&gt;, bersifat zoonosis sehingga dapat menyerang manusia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;: Penularan melalui pakan/ minum yang tercemar dengan &lt;i&gt;ookista&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Gejala yang nampak diataranya: demam, gangguan nafas dan syaraf, &lt;i&gt;abortus&lt;/i&gt;, prematur maupun lahir lemah. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Penanganan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pengobatan dengan antibiotika, kombinasi antara preparat sulfa (sulfadiazin) dan pyrimethamine. Pencegahan dengan menjaga sanitasi dan desinfeksi kandang serta lingkungannya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA BABI&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swine_vesicular_disease&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Swine vesicular disease (halaman belum tersedia)&quot;&gt;SWINE VESICULAR DISEASE&lt;/a&gt; (SVD)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;&quot;&gt;adalah penyakit, akut virus menular pada babi yang disebabkan oleh Swine vesicular disease virus, yaitu Enterovirus. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Hal ini ditandai dengan demam dan vesikel dengan bisul berikutnya di mulut dan di moncong, kaki, dan dot. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;patogen relatif tahan terhadap panas, dan dapat bertahan untuk waktu yang lama di asin, kering, dan produk daging asap.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 92.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Demam&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 92.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Vesikel di mulut dan di moncong dan kaki&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 92.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Kepincangan dan gaya goyah, menggigil dan gerakan kaki menghentak-jenis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 92.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;4.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;vesikula Ruptur dapat menyebabkan borok pada tungkai dan kaki, dan bantalan kaki mungkin longgar. &lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;hewan muda lebih parah terpengaruh. &lt;/span&gt;Pemulihan sering terjadi dalam seminggu. Tidak ada kematian dengan SVD.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;Pencegahan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Tidak ada vaksin untuk SVD. tindakan Pencegahan adalah sama dengan yang untuk penyakit kaki-dan-mulut: hewan mengendalikan diimpor dari daerah tertular, sanitasi dan pembuangan sampah dari pesawat udara internasional dan kapal, dan memasak menyeluruh sampah. hewan yang terinfeksi harus ditempatkan di karantina ketat. Pemberantasan tindakan untuk penyakit ini termasuk mengkarantina daerah tertular, depopulasi dan pembuangan babi yang terinfeksi dan kontak, dan pembersihan dan desinfeksi tempat yang terkontaminasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;BRUCELLOSIS BABI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Brucella suis&lt;/i&gt; ditularkan melalui kontak langsung dengan janin gugur dan sekresi, &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;serta perkawinan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Cara Penularan :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Brucellosis ditularkan melalui ingesti bakteri yang terdapat dalam susu, fetus abortus, membran fetus, dan cairan uterus atau kopulasi dan inseminasi buatan. Pada sapi jantan, bakteri ini dapat ditemukan dalam semen yang dihasilkan. Pada domba, brucellosis juga diketahui dapat ditularkan antar domba jantan melalui kontak langsung. Infeksi biasanya tahan lama pada domba jantan dan B. ovis akan diekskresikan dalam persentasi yang tinggi secara intermiten selama kira-kira ≥4 tahun. Brucellosis dapat ditularkan ke manusia melalui konsumsi susu segar dan produk susu dari hewan yang terinfeksi atau kontak langsung dengan sekresi, ekskresi, dan bagian tubuh hewan yang terinfeksi, seperti jaringan, darah, urin, cairan vagina, fetus abortus, dan plasenta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Babi terinfeksi atau induk babi mungkin mengalami dengan infertilitas. Selain itu, aborsi dapat terjadi di trimester pertama, jika infeksi terjadi pada peternakan, dan selama akhir kebuntingan jika infeksi terjadi setelah hari ke-35 dari kebuntingan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Organisme ini memiliki potensi zoonosis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis brucellosis pada babi mirip dengan gejala pada sapi dan kambing. Gejala yang umum muncul adalah aborsi, sterilitas sementara atau permanen, orchitis, kepincangan, paralisis posterior, spondylities, dan terkadang dapat juga terjadi metritis dan pembentukan abses pada ekstrimitas atau bagian lain dari tubuh. Kejadian aborsi dapat berkisar antara 0 – 80% dan dapat terjadi pada awal kebuntingan sehingga tidak terdeteksi. Hewan yang demikian akan segera kembali ke siklus estrusnya. Timbulnya sterilitas adalah umum dan itu dapat menjadi satu-satunya gejala klinis yang timbul. Oleh karena itu, bila ada sterilitas dalam sekelompok hewan maka brucellosis akan menjadi kecurigaan utama.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Diagnosa Banding :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa banding brucellosis pada babi adalah penyakit lain yang menyebabkan aborsi, orchitis, arthritis, paralisis posterior, dan kepincangan. Aborsi di babi dapat juga disebabkan oleh Aujeszky’s disease (pseudorabies), leptospirosis, erysipelas, salmonellosis, streptococcidiosis, classical swine fever and porcine parvovirus infection. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Pencegahan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Babi yang dicurigai brucellosis harus dilaporkan kepada petugas kesehatan hewan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Kehati-hatian sangat diperlukan saat membeli individu babi yang memiliki titer aglutinin yang rendah, kecuali bila status kelompok asal babi tersebut diketahui. Babi yang telah dibawa keluar dari peternakan harus selalu diisolasi terlebih dahulu sebelum digabungkan dengan kawanannya. Babi baru sebaiknya dibeli dari peternakan yang diketahui bebas brucellosis, atau diuji dan diisolasi selama 3 bulan, kemudian diuji sekali lagi sebelum digabungkan dengan kelompok ternak. Pengendalian penyakit didasarkan pada pengujian dan pemisahan serta pengafkiran ternak yang terinfeksi karena tidak ada vaksin yang tersedia maupun pengobatan yang dapat dianjurkan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;LEPTOSPIROSIS BABI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 63.8pt; text-indent: -63.8pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Leptospirosis pada babi disebabkan oleh&lt;br /&gt;1. Leptospira ponoma&lt;br /&gt;2. Leptospira Bratislava&lt;br /&gt;3. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagine&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Leptospirosis disebabkan oleh spiroceta gram-negatif. Transmisi terjadi melalui kontak mulut, hidung atau mukosa mata dengan air kencing terkontaminasi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Leptospira tidak mudah tampak dalam liver-smear secara natural walaupun dengan dark-ground illumination (penerangan dengan latar belakang gelap)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Namun dengan pewarnaan metode Levaditi akan ditemukan Leptospira pada sisi hati, ginjal, maupun glandula lymphatic abdominal yang mengalami hemoragi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Leptospira bisa tampak pada darah atau organ babi yang diinjekssi dengan organisme ini&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Diferensial Diagnosa :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;brucellosis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;parvovirus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 78pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;SMEDI (stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, and infertility) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Babi merupakan hospes pemeliharaan untuk serogrup &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pamona&lt;/i&gt;, Australis dan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Tarassovi&lt;/i&gt;, sedangkan infeksi insidental terjadi dengan strain dari &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Canicola&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Icterohaemorrhagiae, &lt;/i&gt;dan serogrup &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Grippotyphosa&lt;/i&gt;. Infeksi akut leptospirosis umumnya asimtomatik. Namun, Leptospirosis kronis dapat bermanifestasi sebagai aborsi, lahir mati, infertilitas, dan kelahiran anak babi yang lemah. Leptospirosis adalah zoonosis penting untuk peternak dan staf rumah potong hewan yang kontak dengan babi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Pencegahan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Vaksinasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Perawatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Kebersihan kandang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;mengasingkan babi yang terinfeksi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;sumber minuman yang baik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;SMEDI (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillbirth&quot; title=&quot;Stillbirth&quot;&gt;STILLBIRTH&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mummy&quot; title=&quot;Mummy&quot;&gt;MUMMIFICATION&lt;/a&gt;, EMBRYONIC DEATH, AND &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertility&quot; title=&quot;Infertility&quot;&gt;INFERTILITY&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; penyakit reproduksi babi yang disebabkan oleh parvovirus babi (PPV) dan Enterovirus babi. Istilah ini SMEDI biasanya menunjukkan Enterovirus babi, tetapi juga bisa menunjukkan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;parvovirus babi, yang merupakan penyebab lebih penting dari sindrom.SMEDI menyebabkan aborsi, kematian neonatal, dan penurunan kesuburan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;pejantan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Penyakit ini disebarkan paling sering oleh konsumsi makanan dan air yang terkontaminasi dengan kotoran yang terinfeksi dan kadang-kadang melalui kontak seksual dan kontak dengan jaringan dibatalka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;n.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;aksin tersedia (ATCvet kode: QI09AA02).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Hal ini tergantung pada usia hewan yang terkena dan efisiensi sistem kekebalan tubuh. perlindungan Colostral berlangsung sampai usia 5 bulan, setelah itu menurun untuk semua waktu rendah untuk meningkatkan lagi di sekitar 12 bulan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Prenatal infeksi: virus perjalanan dari i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;nduk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; yang terinfeksi kepada janin melalui plasenta. Dalam hal ini, waktu kehamilan menentukan hasil infeksi.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Jika janin akan terinfeksi dalam 30 hari pertama kehidupan janin, Anda memiliki kematian dan penyerapan semua, atau sebagian janin. Dalam hal ini, Anda mungkin memiliki kelahiran anak babi yang sehat, immunotollerant.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Jika infeksi terjadi pada 40 hari, Anda memiliki kematian dan mumifikasi. Juga dalam kasus ini, beberapa atau semua janin yang terlibat, yaitu beberapa janin bisa lahir carrier sehat dan immunotollerant, atau penyakit.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Jika virus melintasi plasenta pada trimester terakhir, Anda mungkin telah kematian neonatal, atau kelahiran anak babi yang sehat dengan pra-colostral kekebalan protektif.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Postnatal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; infeksi (babi sampai usia 1 tahun). Infeksi terjadi oro-sengau, diikuti dengan periode viremic terkait dengan leukopenia sementara.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Infeksi pada orang dewasa (lebih dari 1 tahun). subjek ini akan memiliki sistem, aktif kekebalan pelindung yang melindungi mereka, meskipun mereka harus kawin dengan laki-laki yang terinfeksi (yang rahasia virus dengan sperma).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Oleh karena itu, penting untuk dicatat bahwa virus sangat berbahaya bagi menabur dalam kehamilan pertama, yang akan pada usia 7-8 bulan, karena ia akan memiliki jumlah antibodi yang sangat rendah pada usia ini dan dengan mudah dapat kontrak virus melalui kopulasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Histologi, &lt;/span&gt;lesi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dalam miometrium karena infiltrasi monosit. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Perkembangan janin terhambat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;kongesti superficial yang berhubungan dengan hemoragi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;longtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dan dehidrasi yang menyebabkan mumifikasi janin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;PARVOVIRUS BABI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Parvovirus Babi adalah endemik di sebagian besar peternakan, dengan banyak babi yang menunjukkan kekebalan aktif terhadap virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Babi yang tidak memiliki kekebalan terhadap parvovirus babi sebelum konsepsi berada pada resiko tinggi infeksi dan penyakit reproduksi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;:Virus ini ditransmisikan oronasal dan transplacenta. Klinis bermanifestasi sebagai tanda kegagalan reproduksi. Infeksi embrio pada hari 10-30 dari hasil kebuntingan di resorpsi dan kembali estrus tidak teratur. Infeksi pada janin pada hari 30-70 dari hasil kebuntingan di mumifikasi, sedangkan infeksi setelah hari 70 hasil dalam imunokompeten anak babi sehat. Tanda-tanda klinis lain mungkin meliputi infertilitas, lahir mati, kematian neonatal, dan pengurangan vitalitas neonatal. Selama infeksi transplasenta, sebagian dari anak mungkin terinfeksi, dengan sebagian intrauterina menyebarkan virus ke anak yang lain. Dengan demikian, kombinasi dari resorpsi, mumifikasi, dan stillbirths bisa terjadi bersamaan dalam janin tunggal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;DEMAM BABI KLASIK (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;CLASICAL SWINE FEVER&lt;/i&gt;) / HOG CHOLERA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:disebabkan oleh Pestivirus. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES&quot;&gt;Babi juga rentan terhadap dua pestivirus lain, bovine virus diare dan penyakit. Babi adalah satu-satunya hospes alami virus demam babi klasik. Transmisi terjadi melalui kontak oronasal dengan babi yang terinfeksi, konsumsi pakan terkontaminasi, yang tersebar di udara jarak pendek, secara tidak langsung lewat muntahan, dan berpotensi melalui air mani. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:tanda-tanda klinis termasuk demam, anoreksia, konjungtivitis, diare, dan tanda-tanda pernafasan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;ES&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:transplasenta infeksi dapat terjadi pada setiap tahap kebuntingan dan mengakibatkan aborsi, mumifikasi dan stillbirths. Infeksi pada 50-70 hari dari kebuntingan dapat mengakibatkan kelahiran babi viremia. Anak babi ini tampak normal pada awalnya, tetapi kemudian mengembangkan tremor bawaan dan menurunkan berat badan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Mereka melayani sebagai terus-menerus reservoir virus demam babi klasik.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;ENTEROVIRUS BABI DAN TESCHOVIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Enterovirus Babi dan teschovirus adalah picornavirus [50]. Transmisi adalah melalui rute fecal-oral, tapi transmisi oleh bersin juga mungkin terjadi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Induk babi mungkin mengalami infertilitas, kematian embrio, lahir mati, dan mumifikasi, tanpa tanda-tanda klinis lain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;TOKSOPLASMOSIS BABI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Toxoplasma gondii, Toksoplasmosis terjadi melalui konsumsi makanan, air atau tanah yang terkontaminasi dengan oosista bersporulasi atau melalui konsumsi daging yang mengandung kista jaringan [60]. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Sedangkan kebanyakan infeksi tanpa gejala, aborsi mungkin terjadi [60,61]. Selain itu, babi mungkin akan lahir prematur, mati, lemah, atau mati segera setelah lahir [60]. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Pencegahan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Pencegahan toksoplasmosis pada babi adalah penting untuk mencegah infeksi manusia melalui mengkonsumsi daging babi mentah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 6pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;PENYAKIT ANTHRAX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Epidemi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;:Anthrax   adalah suatu penyakit pada hewan menyusui dan manusia, yang disebabkan oleh spora bakteri yang disebut Bacillusanthracis, Anthrax telah dan hampir menyebar di seluruh dunia dan bersifat penyakit zoonosis, yang berarti bisa ditularkan dari hewan kepada manusia. Anthrax merupakan penyakit yang indemik di Indonesia, kejadian sporadis diseluruh negara mengikuti kondisi lingkungan, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah,Yogyakarta, Sulawesi Selatan dan Nusa Tenggara Timur telah dilaporkan terjadi wabah anthrax pada hewan ternak pada tahun 2005.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Baccillusanthracis  adalah bakteri gram positip, didalam tubuh hewan atau manusia dia adalah bakteri yang bersifat aerob.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Inang/ Hospes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:Hewan memamah biak seperti sapi, domba dan kambing.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;CaraPenularan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:Melalui kontak langsung maupun tidak langsung, Anthrax masuk ke dalam tubuh melalui saluran pencernaan   (Ingesti), Paru paru (inhalasi) atau kulit (cutaneouse).Walaupun kejadiannya jarang, tetapi mungkin anthrax masuk ke dalam tubuh dengan cara penularan mekanik / tidak langsung. Gigitan lalat dan serangga lain yangmungkin membawa anthrax stadium vegetatip.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;Pada Babi,anjing dan kucing, tidak ada nafsu makan, biasanya memperlihatkan kebengkakan yang menciri pada lymponodes di leher. Yang menyebabkan susah menelan dan bernafas karena termakannya bakteri.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                        &lt;/span&gt;Berdasarkan Jalan masuknya penyakit menjadi ciri khas gejala klinis (pada manusia dan hewan):&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 88.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Anthrax tipe penafasan/paru-paru (pneumonic, respirasi, atau inhalasi) (biasanya pada manusia):&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 88.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Anthraxtipe inhalasi adalah fatal , dengan angka kematian mendekati 100 %. Demam tinggi, gelisah, susah bernafas, kegagalan bernafas, kejang, mati.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 88.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Anthrax tipe pencernaan (pad manusia dan hewan):&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 88.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Infeksi pencernaan dapat diobati tetapi angka kematiannya biasanya  adalah 25 - 60 % tergantung dari pengobatan yang segera datang atau lambat. Demam,gelisah, tidak ada nafsu makan, diare, kejang, mati.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 88.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;3.&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Anthrax tipe kulit (biasanya pada manusia):&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 88.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Anthrax tipe kulit adalah bentuk yang kurangfatal jika diobati. Tetapi tanpa pengobatan mendekai 20 % kasus infeksi bentuk kulit menimbulkan  toksemia dan mati.Infeksi antrax pada kulit terlihat seperti lukabakar yang pada akhirnya membentuk ulcer dengan warna hitam di tengahnya.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 99.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -99.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa Banding :Per acute black leg; Malignant edema; Bacillary hemoglobinuria; Hypomagnesemic tetany; Enterotoxaemia&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan secara Sanitasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1. Isolasi dari hewan yang sakit dan hewan yang pernah kontak dengan yang sakit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2. Musnahkan bangkai.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;3. Disinfeksi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;4. Lindungidaerah bebas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pencegahan secara medis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;1. Vaksin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 3cm; text-indent: -21.25pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;2. Umumnya  menggunakan vaksin aktip.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA KUDA&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;CONTAGIUS EQUINE METRITIS (CEM)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Disebabkan oleh bakteri &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Taylorella equigenitalis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Verdana&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kasus pertama di&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;diagnosis di Inggris pada tahun 1977.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Karena sifat berbahaya dari penyakit ini,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;sulit untuk menentukan asal atau seberapa luas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;itu &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;penyebarannya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;di &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;seluruh dunia. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Transmisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;CEM biasanya ditularkan secara langsung selama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; koitus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;dengan kuda yang positif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; CEM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; Transmisi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;juga dapat terjadi secara tidak langsung melalui inseminasi buatan, seperti tangan yang terkontaminasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;atau instrumen. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;uda jantan adalah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;sumber infeksi untuk wabah penyakit akut.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Selama musim kawin, kuda &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;carier &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;dapat menginfeksi beberapa kuda sebelum penyakit &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;tersebut ter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;diagnosis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Tanda-tanda klinis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Adanya tanda infertilitas, gagal untuk bunting setelah kuda dikawinkan. Kasus aborsi pada CEM jarang terjadi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ada tiga tingkatan umum infeksi pada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;kuda&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; : &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;• Akut:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; adanya &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;peradangan aktif &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;pada uterus terciri dengan penebalan, adanya&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;mucoid vulvar discharge&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; berlangsung &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;10 sampai 14 hari setelah dikawinkan.&lt;br /&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;kronis: radang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;uterus yang lebih ringan adanya &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;obvious vulvar discharge&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;, dan infeksi lebih sulit untuk &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;diterapi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Carrier: Bakteri ini &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;berkembang dan menetap &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;pada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;saluran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;reproduksi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;eskipun&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; terlihat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;tanpa gejala, masih menular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;kan penyakit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dan dapat tetap menjadi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;pembawa selama beberapa bulan atau lebih.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Dua dari infeksi kelamin paling umum pada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;kuda disebabkan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Klebsiella&lt;/i&gt; dan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pseudomonas&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;spp.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Diferensial diagnose &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;CEM &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;dapat digunakan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;isolasi &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;T. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;equigenitalis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;sampel untuk penanaman bakteri dapat diambil dari cervik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; atau endometrium &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;selama estrus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Usapan dari kuda jantan harus diambil dari &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;glans &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;penis, glandis fossa, dan sinus uretra. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;ampe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;l b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;akteri harus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;ditaruh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam media transportasi Aimes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;(Dengan arang) dalam pendinginan (4 sampai 6 ˚ C)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;dalam waktu 48 jam.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pada kuda, berbagai tes darah dapat digunakan untuk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;mendeteksi antibodi terhadap bakteri CEM. Pada kuda jantan,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; tes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;antibodi &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;tidak dapat terdeteksi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pengobatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Prinsip terapinya dengan menghilangkan dulu bakteri di dalam uterus, proses ini memakan waktu samapai beberapa bulan. Terapi untuk &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;alat kelamin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; eksternal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;kuda betina dan kuda jantan dapat diobati dengan desinfektan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;dan antibiotik. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pemberian Chlorexidine 2%&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;dengan di gosok-gosok dengan lembut pada genital eksternal kuda selama 5 hari berturut-turut, dapat juga diberikan deterjen ataupun garam. Untuk pemberian antibiotic secara topikal dapat menggunakan nitrofurazone.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;EQUINE VIRAL ARTERITIS&lt;/i&gt; (EVA)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Virus RNA positif dari golongan Arterivirus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Berukuran kecil, beramplop, berbentuk &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;icosahedral.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Demam (mencapai&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;41 &lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;C).&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Depresi.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Oedema (glandula &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;mammae&lt;/i&gt;, skrotum, dll).&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Konjungtivitis dan leleran hidung.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Abortus pada kuda yang sedang bunting.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Kematian pada anak kuda yang baru lahir.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Gangguan pernafasan.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Gangguan saraf.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Terdapat beberapa cara penularan virus ini, yang paling banyak adalah lewat sistem respiratori, melalui kontak langsung dengan hewan yang terinfeksi. Virus juga dapat tertular melalui perkawinan atau inseminasi buatan. Kuda jantan dapat menjadi &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;carrier &lt;/i&gt;virus ini. Abortus terjadi 30 hari setelah hewan terinfeksi virus. Dapat terjadi pada fase akut atau pada fase penyembuhan.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Melalui gejala klinis&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Tes laboratorium : uji sampel darah, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;nasal swab&lt;/i&gt; dan semen untuk isolasi virus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;PCR untuk mengetahui jenis virus RNa, ELISA untuk mendeteksi antibody dan uji netralisasi virus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terapi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;              &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Betina : terapi suportif.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Jantan : menekan hormon testosteron.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Tidak ada pengobatan pasti.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Pencegahan dilakukan dengan vaksinasi : &quot;Arvac®&quot; (&lt;i&gt;Fort Dodge Animal Health, Overland Park, KS USA&lt;/i&gt;), &quot;Artervac®&quot; (&lt;i&gt;also manufactured by Fort Dodge Animal Health&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;EQUINE HERPES VIRUS-1&lt;/i&gt; (EHV-1)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Virus RNA positif dari golongan Arterivirus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Berukuran kecil, beramplop, berbentuk &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;icosahedral.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Abortus pada kuda yang sedang bunting.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Paralisis.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Demam.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Gangguan pernafasan.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Gangguan saraf.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Terdapat beberapa cara penularan virus ini, yang paling banyak adalah lewat sistem respiratori, melalui mucosal epithelium yang berada pada lapiasan atas saluran pernafasan, dan melalui kontak langsung dengan sekresi hewan yang terinfeksi virus (dari nasofaring, saluran reproduksi, atau fetus yang abortus). Virus juga dapat tertular melalui perkawinan atau inseminasi buatan. Kuda terinfeksi setelah 14 hari virus masuk ke dalam tubuh.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Melalui gejala klinis&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Tes laboratorium : uji sampel darah, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;nasal swab&lt;/i&gt; dan semen untuk isolasi virus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;PCR untuk mengetahui jenis virus RNa, ELISA untuk mendeteksi antibody dan uji netralisasi virus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terapi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;              &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Betina : terapi suportif.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Pencegahan dilakukan dengan vaksinasi.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;OLE_LINK2&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;OLE_LINK1&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA DOMBA&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;OVINE VIBRIOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Camphylobacter fetus, Camphylobacter jejuni&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Merupakan b&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;akteri berbentuk batang, gram negatif yang ditularkan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;melalui ingesta dan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;di feses, janin diaborsikan, plasenta, dan leleran vagina domba yang keluar&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;Abortus pada akhir kebuntingan, Stillbirth, Cempe lahir dengan kondisi lemah, Metritis berkembang setelah abortus kemudian sakit dan mati, Subspecies jejunum dapat menyebabkan diare.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Lewat ingesti, melalui bangkai, masa inkubasi 7-25 hari.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:Dengan melihat plasenta yang mengalami keradangan, Oedema, Kotiledon fetus nekrosa dan fetus yang diaborsikan dalam keadaan segar, Pada bebrapa kasus, subkutan fetus oedema.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terapi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                          &lt;/span&gt;:Domba yang abortus diisolasikan, Domba yang bunting diinjeksi 300.000 IU Penicillin dan 1 g dihidrostreptomisin.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt -3.8pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;BRUCELLOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Aborsi pada domba dapat disebabkan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Brucella melitensis&lt;/i&gt; atau jarang &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;B. Ovis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Domba umumnya tidak menunjukkan gejala, tetapi dapat aborsi pada trimester ketiga, kelahiran mati atau melahirkan seekor anak domba lemah. Domba terbebas dari bakteri dalam beberapa minggu setelah aborsi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Melalui Ingesti dan inhalasi, Feses yang terkontaminasi, Silase dengan pH meningkat&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:Dengan Isolasi mo dari feses, susu, jaringan fetus (hati), Jika isolasi mo dari traktus genetal sebaiknya 10 hari setelah abortus sedang jaringan tubuh 25-36 hari, Imunofluorescent, Dengan Tes aglutinasi dan titer aglutinin perlu untuk dipertimbangkan.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terapi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                          &lt;/span&gt;:Mengisolasi domba yang abortus dan perbaikan pakan, Pemberian antibiotik dosis tinggi selama 5 hari.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;SALMONELLOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Aborsi pada domba dapat mengikuti infeksi dengan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Salmonella abortus-ovis, Salmonella Montevideo, &lt;/i&gt;atau &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Salmonella arizonae&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Asympomatik, Abortus terjadi 6-25 hari setelah infeksi dan fetus akan dikeluarkan secara kontinyu sampai hari ke 18 setelah abortus. Metritis dan retensi plasenta sering mengikuti setelah abortus. Infeksi dapat menyebabkan bakterimia, plasentitis diikuti dengan kematian fetus. Demam, depresi dan diare.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Melalui domba-domba yang tercemar, Ingesti lewat makanan dan minuman yang tercemar.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:Dengan Tes serologi. Identifikasi organisme dari isi perut fetus, jaringan plasenta atau leleran vagina.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terapi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                          &lt;/span&gt;:Isolasi hewan yang sakit. Pemberian chloramfenicol, furazolidone dan trimethropine, Vaksinasi.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;BLUETONGUE VIRUS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Bluetongue virus, sebuah orbivirus, ditularkan oleh nyamuk (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Culicoides variipennis&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Domba yang terinfeksi dapat aborsi, mengalami mumifikasi fetus atau membuat anak domba mengalami cacat bawaan (hiydranencephaly, &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;porencephaly, disgenesis cerebellar, kelainan bentuk tulang)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Abortus&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Mumifikasi fetus&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Cempe mengalami defek konginetal (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;hydranencephaly, porencephaly, cerebellar dysgenesis, skeletal deformities&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Domba menunjukkan tanda klinis demam, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;lameness&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ulcer pada&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/i&gt;mulut dan hidung, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;swollen tongue, ear dan face&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;ditularkan oleh nyamuk (&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Culicoides variipennis&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;TOXOPLASMOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Domba terinfeksi oleh&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt; Toxoplasma gondii&lt;/i&gt; melalui konsumsi pakan terkontaminasi dengan oosista bersporulasi&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Jika domba terinfeksi 14 hari kebuntingan asimptomatik&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Jika infeksi &lt;&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Jika infeksi pada 40-120 hari kebuntingan terjadi maserasi fetus, mumifikasi fetus, abortus.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Jika infeksi 120 hari kebuntingan menunjukkan stillbirth atau lahir lemah pada cempe&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 3cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Yang khas adalah kotiledon berwarna terang sampai gelap dengan nodule putih kecil yang banyak dengan diameter 1-3 mm.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Penyebaran lewat vektor yaitu kucing.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:Dilihat dari sejarah dan gejala klinis. Pemeriksaan mikroskopik dengan pengecatan Giemza atau Leisman dan histologik terhadap nodul. Atau dengan Tes serologic serum induk.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terapi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;              &lt;/span&gt;:Sulfonamide.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA KAMBING&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;LISTERIOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Disebabkan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;L. Monocytogenes&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Infeksi pada awal kebuntingan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;L. Monocytogenes &lt;/i&gt;dapat mengakibatkan aborsi, sedangkan infeksi pada akhir kebuntingan menyebabkan kelahiran mati atau kelahiran anak yang lemah&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Sebelum aborsi&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; bisa mengalami demam, penurunan nafsu makan, dan produksi susu berkurang.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosa&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Organisme bisa ditumpahkan dalam susu setelah mengalami aborsi. Umumnya, bentuk ensefalitis tidak terjadi bersamaan dengan aborsi. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;L. Monocytogenes &lt;/i&gt;bisa bertahan di dalam tanah dan kotoran, dan tumbuh di jerami yang terfermentasi sedikit. Aborsi dilaporkan setelah merumput pada rawa, tanah ber-pH tinggi. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Listeria&lt;/i&gt; adalah zoonotik dan dapat menyebabkan penyakit neurologik pada manusia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;BRUCELLOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;B. melitensis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; ditransmisikan ke kambing melalui konsumsi pakan atau air yang terkontaminasi&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pada saat bunting, bakteri dapat menginfeksi plasenta dengan resultan aborsi akhir kebuntingan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Organisme ini menyebabkan demam undulan (sinonim dengan demam Malta, demam Gibraltar, dan demam Mediterania) pada manusia yang mengkonsumsi susu terkontaminasi yang belum dipasteurisasi atau keju.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:M&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;enunjukkan tanda-tanda klinis demam, depresi, penurunan berat badan, diare, mastitis, kepincangan, dan melahirkan anak-anak yang lemah. Bakteri yang menumpahkan dalam susu, urine, kotoran, dan selama 2-3 bulan di leleran vagina.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;CAPRINE HERPESVIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Caprine herpesvirus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; adalah herpesvirus alpha yang dapat menyebabkan aborsi pada akhir kebuntingan tanpa ada tanda-tanda klinis sebelumnya&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;dapat menyebabkan aborsi pada akhir kebuntingan tanpa ada tanda-tanda klinis sebelumnya. Virus ini juga dapat menyebabkan vulvovaginitis dan penyakit pernapasan. kebuntingan berikutnya tidak terkena virus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Seperti herpesvirus lainnya, herpesvirus kambing memiliki keadaan laten yang bisa diaktifkan kembali oleh keadaan stres, imunosupresi atau mungkin dalam keadaan estrus. Setelah reaktivasi, virus bisa dikeluarkan melalui rute pernapasan atau kelamin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;TOKSOPLASMOSIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Toxoplasma gondii&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Toksoplasmosis bisa menyebabkan aborsi, kelahiran mati, kematian janin, resorpsi janin, kelahiran anak yang lemah, atau kelahiran anak sehat&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Diagnosis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Infeksi pada kebuntingan (30 - 90 hari) umumnya menghasilkan resorpsi janin atau mumifikasi, sedangkan infeksi pada paruh terakhir kebuntingan tidak menampakkan gejala namun aborsi terjadi &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;2-3 minggu sebelum melahirkan. &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Aborsi terjadi karena nekrosis dari kotiledon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:protozoa ini menular ke kucing melalui mengkonsumsi hewan pengerat atau burung yang terinfeksi. Melalui makanan atau air yang terkontaminasi dengan feses kucing yang mengandung oosit yang resisten; organisme kemudian memasuki aliran darah dan menyebar ke plasenta dan janin. Toksoplasmosis merupakan zoonotik potensial.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA ANJING&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;BRUCELLOSIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Pada anjing disebabkan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Brucella canis&lt;/i&gt;, Brucella canis adalah bakteri gram negatif intraseluler coccobacillus. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Infeksi dapat menyebabkan infertilitas, kematian embrio dini, resorpsi janin, dan aborsi akhir kebuntingan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Gejala Klinis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;:Anjing betina mungkin tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda klinis sebelum aborsi. Setelah aborsi, leleran vagina serosanguinus dapat muncul &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk 1-6 minggu. Sejumlah besar bakteri dapat berada dalam material aborsi dan leleran dari vulva setelah aborsi. Sedangkan potensi zoonosis &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;B. canis&lt;/i&gt; lebih kecil dari &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Brucella sp.&lt;/i&gt;, imunosupresi atau individu yang hamil harus menghindari kontak dengan cairan atau jaringan yang diaborsikan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;CANINE HERPESVIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Canine herpesvirus&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Dapat menyebabkan aborsi, kelahiran mati dan resorpsi embrio. Infeksi neonatal biasanya terjadi saat lahir, namun, infeksi transplasenta dapat terjadi dan menyebabkan mumifikasi fetus atau fetus mati, kelahiran mati, atau kelahiran anak anjing yang lemah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Penularan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;:Seekor anjing betina hamil dapat menjadi terinfeksi melalui kontak langsung dengan sekretsi dari mukosa (pernapasan atau alat kelamin). Selain itu, infeksi laten mungkin akan aktif kembali selama kebuntingan dengan virus yang dihasilkan berubah. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;CANINE DISTEMPER&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Canine distemper disebabkan oleh morbillivirus. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Virus ini telah terbukti menyebabkan aborsi, kelahiran mati dan infeksi bawaan pada anak anjing. Abortus dapat diikuti infeksi sistemik dari induk anjing atau infeksi transplasenta. Anak anjing yang terinfeksi transplacenta dapat mengembangkan tanda-tanda neurologis dalam waktu 6 minggu setelah kelahiran.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;CANINE PARVOVIRUS TIPE 1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Canine parvovirus tipe 1, agen penyebab minute virus of canines, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Dapat menyebabkan resorpsi embrio, kelahiran mati, atau kelahiran anak anjing yang lemah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;TOXOPLASMOSIS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Disebabkan oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Toxoplasma gondii,&lt;/i&gt; dapat menyebabkan placentitis dengan penyebaran takizoit pada fetus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Secara percobaan infeksi pada &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;anjing betina menyebabkan infeksi kongenital dan aborsi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;NEOSPORA CANINUM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Oleh &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;N. Caninum,&lt;/i&gt; telah terbukti secara eksperimental untuk ditransmisikan transplacenta. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Neosporosis dapat mengakibatkan kematian dini janin, mumifikasi, resorpsi dan kelahiran anak anjing yang lemah. Namun, belum terbukti dapat menyebabkan aborsi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;PENYAKIT YANG MENYEBABKAN INFERTILITAS PADA KUCING&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;FELINE HERPESVIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Feline herpesvirus 1 merupakan herpesvirus alpha yang menyebabkan rhinotracheitis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Infeksi secara eksperimen menyebabkan aborsi dan kematian janin intrauterina; Namun, virus belum dapat diisolasi dari jaringan janin yang diaborsikan. Hickman melaporkan bahwa dalam wabah herpesvirus di suatu koloni bebas patogen spesifik, hanya 1 dari 51 kucing bunting pada saat awal wabah yang mengalami aborsi. Namun, angka kematiannya 62% pada anak-anak kucing berumur 1 minggu yang lahir dari induk kucing yang terinfeksi secara akut selama periode perinatal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS VIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Feline infeksius peritonitis disebabkan oleh coronavirus. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Virus ini dikaitkan dengan aborsi kebuntingan akhir, bayi lahir mati, resorpsi janin, endometritis, dan kematian tinggi pada anak kucing pada &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;minggu pertama kehidupan. Beberapa kucing ras memiliki kecenderungan genetik untuk FIP (Heritabilitas 50%), dan dengan demikian tidak boleh digunakan sebagai pemuliaan hewan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Feline leukemia adalah retrovirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Dapat mengakibatkan aborsi, infertilitas dan resorpsi janin. Umumnya, induk kucing tidak menunjukkan gejala sebelum aborsi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Etiologi&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;:Feline panleukopenia virus merupakan parvovirus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;Patogenesis&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;:Dapat menyebabkan aborsi, kelahiran mati, dan hipoplasia cerebellar pada anak kucing. Tanda-tanda ini tidak selalu terkait dengan penyakit gastrointestinal klasik di induk kucing.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;REFERENSI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2008, Leptospirosis Pada Babi. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 2cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vet-klinik.com/Peternakan/Leptospirosis-pada-babi.html&quot;&gt;http://www.vet-klinik.com/Peternakan/Leptospirosis-pada-babi.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2009, SMEDI, Wikipedia. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMEDI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm; text-indent: -2cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2010, Balai Besar Karantina Tanjung Priok, Jakarta. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbkptgpriok.deptan.go.id/detailberita.php?id=272&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;http://www.bbkptgpriok.deptan.go.id/detailberita.php?id=272&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 2cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -2cm;&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2010, Brucellosis pada sapi. &lt;a href=&quot;http://id.shvoong.com/medicine-and-health/1974883-brucellosis/&quot;&gt;http://id.shvoong.com/medicine-and-health/1974883-brucellosis/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm; text-indent: -2cm;&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2010, Center For Indonesia Veterinary Analystical Studies. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.civas.net/content/penanganan-penyakit-brucellosis&quot;&gt;http://www.civas.net/content/penanganan-penyakit-brucellosis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;FI&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 42.55pt; text-indent: -42.55pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2010, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Contagious Equine Metritis, United states departement of agriculture.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health&quot;&gt;http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Anonimus, 2010, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Swine vesicular disease, Wikipedia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 2cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot; lang=&quot;SV&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swine_vesicular_disease&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swine_vesicular_disease&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm; text-indent: -2cm; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Daniel Givens, M., Marley, M.S.D. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Infectious Causes Of Embrionic And Fetal Mortality&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm; text-indent: -2cm; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -2cm; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Ratnawati D, Pratiwi C.W, dan Affandhy L., 2007, Petunjuk Teknis Penanganan Gangguan Reproduksi Pada Sapi Potong, &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Pusat Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Peternakan&lt;/span&gt; Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 2cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -2cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/7411663655483713195/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvml-o_2317.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/7411663655483713195'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/7411663655483713195'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvml-o_2317.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-4059249472622934512</id><published>2010-11-18T03:01:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-11-18T03:04:49.707-08:00</updated><title type='text'>ULAR</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt; v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:officedocumentsettings&gt; 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  &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:10.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:130%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;ULAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;TINJAUAN PUSTAKA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;ULAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt;Ular adalah suatu kelompok reptilia yang bertubuh gilig panjang dan ramping. Panjangnya bervariasi; yang terkecil (ular lidi) sekitar 10 centimeter, sedangkan yang terbesar (ular sawa atau python) menurut Guinness Book of Record adalah 10 meter ditemukan di Sulawesi pada tahun 1912. Namun menurut Gatra (2004) di Taman Rekreasi Curug Sewu, Kendal, Jawa Tengah, terdapat ular &lt;i&gt;Python reticulatus&lt;/i&gt; (ular sanca) dengan panjang 15 meter, lingkar tubuh 84 cm dan berat 447 kg hasil tangkapan suku kubu, Jambi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 42pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ular merupakan hewan berdarah dingin, maka temperatur tubuh&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;mendekati suhu lingkungan, sehingga reptil ini sering berjemur di bawah sinar matahari saat hari dingin dan bersembunyi dalam tempat teduh saat udara panas. Seekor ular yang terlalu dingin akan menjadi lemas dan tidak dapat mencerna makanan dengan baik. Ular–ular tampak di daerah &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;hibernate&lt;/i&gt; ketika musim dingin. Sebagian besar ular merupakan hewan semiakuatik yang hidup di darat tetapi masuk ke dalam air saat mencari mangsa. Ular air dapat bergantung di atas tumbuhan air dan mereka akan terjun ke dalam air saat dikejutkan atau saat mencari mangsa (Carpenter, 2001).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt;Ular tidak punya kaki, telinga dan gendang telinga. Tidak punya kelopak mata yang dapat digerakkan, untuk membedakan dengan keluarga kadal. Karakteristik anatomi yang lain tidak terlihat dari luar dan digunakan sebagai karakteristik pembeda (Grzimek, 1975). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt;Ular terdiri dari &lt;i&gt;pectoral&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;girdle&lt;/i&gt; dan tulang dada, bagian yang longgar dari tengkorak, lengkungan tulang zygomatic, tulang lacrimale dan elemen tulang lain. (Grzimek, 1975). Ular memiliki 200 – 300 ruas tulang iga kecuali dua tulang leher pertama. Tulang belakang dan tulang iga mempunyai persendian (artikulasi) yang sangat luwes. Itulah sebabnya ular mampu melakukan gerakan melingkar, melilit, mengembang atau mengempis (Dharmojono, 1998). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;Bentuk dan letak organ internal (hati, lambung, paru-paru, ginjal, jantung, dan sebagainya) menyesuaikan bentuk tubuh ular yang langsing. Jantung di semua reptil tidak mempunyai ruangan yang sepenuhnya terpisah. Akan tampak lain bila dibandingkan dengan kura-kura yang tampak terlihat seperti kantung yang tertekan. Meskipun tidak memiliki thorax yang keras dan pelindung tubuh, tetapi relatif lembut. Lokasi jantung tidak dapat ditunjukkan secara visual. Di beberapa species, jantung terletak pada seperempat bagian dari panjang tubuh dari depan. Ular tidak suka dipegang pada bagian ini. Dan mereka akan bereaksi bersikap bertahan. Pada embrio, jantung dekat dengan kepala. (Grzimek, 1975).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent2&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Delaney (2000) mengatakan bahwa ular dapat dibedakan atas beberapa famili yaitu: &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Leptotyphlopidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;thread snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 2 genus, 78 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Typhlopidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;blind snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 3 genus, 180 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Anomalepidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;dawn blind snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 4 genus, 20 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Acrochordidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;asian wart snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 2 genus, 3 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Aniliidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;false coral snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 9 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Uropeltidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;shield tail snakes&lt;/i&gt;) 8 genus, 44 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Xenopeltidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;sunbeam snake&lt;/i&gt;) 1 genus, 1 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Boidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;boas, pythons&lt;/i&gt;) 27 genus, 88 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Colubridae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;colubrids, boomslang, bird snake&lt;/i&gt;) 292 genus, 1562 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Elapidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;cobras, mambas, coral&lt;/i&gt;) 61 genus, 236 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Viperidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;vipers&lt;/i&gt;) 7 genus, 187 spesies; &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Hydrophidae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;sea snakes&lt;/i&gt;). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Beberapa karakteristik umum akan membantu kita dalam membedakan ular yang berbisa dan yang tidak berbisa. Ular yang berbisa memiliki bintik atau bukaan di antara kedua matanya dan lubang hidung. Mereka juga memiliki pupil mata yang secara vertical berbentuk elips. Ular yang tidak berbisa tidak memiliki bintik dan memiliki pupil mata yang bulat. Selain itu, ular yang berbisa memiliki 1 baris sisik di bawah ekornya, sedangkan ular yang tidak berbisa tampak memiliki 2 baris sisik di bawah ekornya. Pola pewarnaan kulit secara umum sulit hingga tidak dapat secara pasti digunakan untuk membedakan kedua jenis ular karena adanya variasi dalam 1 spesies (Miller, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Viperidae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt; dan &lt;i&gt;Crotalidae&lt;/i&gt; mewakili sebagian besar perkembangan spesies dari reptil. Dua famili ini termasuk spesies yang berbisa sekali yang mempunyai alat memasukkan atau menyuntikkan venom mutlak sempurna. Pada ular yang pendek ujung tulang maxillaris keduanya panjang, gigi taringnya tajam melalui saluran internal yang mana racun diproduksi oleh glandula venom. Pintu saluran dekat ujung dari taring. Ketika mulut ular tertutup, gigi taring akan menutup ke dalam tetapi ketika mulut ular terbuka lebar gigi taring ditinggikan oleh rangkaian pengangkat tulang (Anonim, 2000). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Secara umum ular benar-benar tidak menggigit, mereka memasukkan giginya ke dalam daging korbannya dengan gerakan ke bawah dan memasukkan atau menyuntikkan venom pada waktu yang sama. Sistem kerjanya seperti siring hipodermik (Anonim,2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;Senjata yang baik ini hanya digunakan untuk berburu baik ular berbisa maupun ular berderik. Ketika mangsa jaraknya dekat ular dengan cepat menangkap kepala dan bagian depan tubuh mangsa, menyuntikkan racun ke dalam tubuh korbannya kemudian menariknya dan meninggalkan mangsanya. Gerakannya sangat cepat sehingga kadang-kadang kita tidak dapat melihatnya. Setelah menyerang ular akan menunggu pengaruh racunnya dan akhirnya mencari tubuh mangsanya menggunakan sedikit penciuman untuk menangkap dengan garpu lidahnya (Anonim, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt;Famili ular berbisa ini hanya ditemukan di Asia, Eropa dan Afrika. Mangsa yang disukai oleh ular berbisa adalah rodensia kecil dan besar. &lt;i&gt;Viperidae&lt;/i&gt; dan &lt;i&gt;Crotalidae &lt;/i&gt;meninggalkan tempat persembunyiannya&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;ketika suhu lingkungan diantara 60-80&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt; F. Sehingga kita dapat mendekatinya dengan tetap menjaga jarak pada malam hari tergantung dengan temperatur. Seperti ular-ular lain, ular berbisa meletakkan telur mereka dan membiarkannya. Tetapi mereka berbeda dari ular&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;yang lain dalam hal ini, ketika telur-telur diletakkan telur tersebut telah berisi penuh embryo yang sedang berkembang yang mana kulitnya dapat pecah dan keluar setelah beberapa jam. Pada beberapa spesies, perkembangan dari embryo di samping tubuh induknya dan betina dari ular berbisa sudah mempunyai venom dan segera pergi untuk berburu (Miller, 2003). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Viperidae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt; merupakan ular berbisa yang juga disebut ular biludak, yang hidup di Eropa dan Asia. Satu dari kebanyakan spesies yang cantik mempunyai warna yang terang pada kulitnya yaitu ular berbisa &lt;i&gt;rhinocheros&lt;/i&gt; (Miller, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot;&gt;Crotalidae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt; lebih mengejutkan dibanding beberapa ular karena mereka besar, berat, hitam mengkilat. Meskipun begitu ular derik kurang berbahaya karena mereka memberi peringatan pada manusia daripada mereka membunuh manusia dengan cara menggerakkan ekor yang kecil. Cincin ekor akan bergetar menimbulkan bunyi yang khas dimana ini membuktikan bahwa ular tidak tentu agresif, gesit dan sebagai pemburu. Ketika melihat mangsanya ular derik tidak mendekati tapi menakuti dengan getaran ekornya atau jika di hadapannya panas (Anonim, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;Organ istimewa ular derik ada di atas kepala, di antara hidung dan mata. Mereka mempunyai dua lubang penghubung dengan ruang kecil masing-masing bagian setengah dari membran. Organ itu dapat melepaskan sinar infra merah ke tubuh mangsa. Ular menggunakan itu untuk berburu, mereka menggunakan untuk mengikuti mangsa. Ular dapat berburu di semua situasi, siang, malam atau dalam gelap. Mereka juga dapat menggunakan untuk mamalia dengan tubuh lebih panas dari sekitar, tetapi tidak dapat bekerja untuk mangsa berdarah dingin seperti amphibi dan reptil (Miller, 2003). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span  lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;color:black;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pakan ular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;color:black;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pakan ular bervariasi. Ular air mengkonsumsi sejumlah besar ikan dan hewan amfibi. Ular darat memakan rodensia, telur burung, hewan amfibi seperti misalnya katak dan &lt;i&gt;salamander&lt;/i&gt; dan ular lainnya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; Pemberian pakan ular didasarkan pada jenisnya :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Rattle snake&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; : mammalia&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;kecil,&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;burung,&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;dan kadal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;King kobra&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;: ular lain&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Rainbow&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;: mammalia kecil dan burung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Racer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil, burung, kadal, dan amphibi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Green&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: insektifora&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;King snake&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil dan kadal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Hog nosed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia, katak, dan salamander&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Coral&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: ular lain, kadal, mamalia kecil, dan ikan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kobra&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil dan burung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Copperhead&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;             &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: anakan kadal, katak dewasa, dan mama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt;lia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; kecil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Gropher, Bull,Pine&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;: mammalia kecil dan burung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Anaconda&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;: mammalia kecil, burung, dan ikan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Python, Boa &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;               &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;: mammalia dan burung&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;(Delaney, 2000)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent3&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt;Penentuan frekuensi pemberian pakan didasarkan pada rutinitas defekasi, tingkah laku dan kebutuhan fisiologi. Pada masa reproduksi frekuensi pemberian pakan sebaiknya ditingkatkan (Anonim, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyTextIndent3&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Handling&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Anastesi sangat diperlukan saat hendak memegang ular yang berbisa. Ular yang agresif harus dipegang secara lembut dan kuat pada bagian belakang kepala dan tubuhnya. Untuk mengantisipasi urinasi, defekasi dan sekresi dari glans analis, maka bagian belakang tubuh ular perlu diletakkan dalam karung (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png&quot; height=&quot;275&quot; width=&quot;528&quot; /&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                                                &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;                                                                                    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;(Miller, 2003)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Sexing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Jenis kelamin ular dapat dibedakan menggunakan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;probe&lt;/i&gt; yang steril yang setelah diberi lubrikan dimasukkan ke dalam &lt;i&gt;inverted&lt;/i&gt; hemipenis. Ular jantan memiliki hemipenis terbuka sehingga &lt;i&gt;probe&lt;/i&gt; dapat masuk kira–kira 6–8 sisik panjangnya atau lebih. Pada ular betina &lt;i&gt;probe&lt;/i&gt; hanya masuk sekitar 2–4 sisik. Beberapa betina memiliki vestigeal hemipenis (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pemeriksaan kesehatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Ular yang baru datang hendaknya dikarantina terlebih dahulu selama 90 hari. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan, meliputi pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan feses dan pemeriksaan ektoparasit. Dalam pemeriksaan juga perlu dilakukan penimbangan terhadap berat badan. Pemeriksaan dimulai dengan mengamati gerakan respirasi dan tingkah laku ular. Bisa ular beracun diambil dengan menjepitkan gigi taring atas ular pada pinggiran gelas. Pada tahap ekdisis juga dilakukan penilaian yang tergantung pada umur, nutrisi dan ukuran ular. Pada awal ekdisis, mata dan kulit akan berkabut, pada pertengahan ekdisis mata menjadi bersih dan mengkilat, sedangkan pada tahap &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;shed&lt;/i&gt; terjadi 1–4 hari setelah tahap pertengahan. Selama siklus &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;shed&lt;/i&gt; hendaknya ular jangan dipegang karena kulit dalam kondisi sangat rapuh. Pemeriksaan gigi dilakukan dengan mengamati susunan gigi. Sebagian ular mempunyai 4 jajaran gigi pada bagian atas dan 2 jajaran gigi pada bagian bawah. Pergantian gigi ular terjadi secara teratur. Pada kondisi normal mukosa mulut ular berwarna pucat, mengkilat dan lembut. Auskultasi pada jantung dan respirasi ular sulit dilakukan, yang mungkin dilakukan adalah palpasi jantung. Ular merupakan hewan yang memiliki jadwal rutin dalam defekasi dan urinasi sehingga jika terjadi perubahan dapat digunakan sebagai indikasi terjadinya penyakit. Ular menyimpan urin di ureter dan kolon, bukan di vesika urinaria (Delaney, 2000;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;Carpenter, 2001).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pengambilan sampel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Sampel darah dapat diambil dari v. palatina dorsalis, v. ventralis ekor dan kardiosentesis. Antikoagulan yang sebaiknya digunakan adalah heparin lithium (Miller, 2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kandang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Kandang hendaknya disesuaikan dengan kebiasaan ular serta dibuat seaman mungkin sehingga ular tidak mudah keluar. Bahan untuk pembuatan kandang ular antara lain adalah kaca, fiberglass atau akrilik. Alas kandang dapat berupa koran atau ampas gergaji (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Aplikasi medikasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Pemberian obat biasanya dilakukan suntikan&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;SC, IM, IV dan Intra Caelomic. Di samping itu bisa juga dilakukan &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;cardiac puncture&lt;/i&gt; (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Beberapa penyakit dan gangguan yang sering dijumpai pada ular antara lain adalah : trauma, fraktur spina, kulit terbakar, anoreksia, infeksi sistemik sekunder, prolaps uterus-kolon–rektum, distokia dan obstipasi atau konstipasi (Delaney, 2000).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot; &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;DAFTAR PUSTAKA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Anonim.,2000,&lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Reptilia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;,&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.flmnh.edu/natschi/herpertology/Brittoncross/csp_cnov.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;http://www.flmnh.edu/natschi/herpertology/Brittoncross/csp_cnov.htm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;color:black;&quot;   lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Carpenter, Moshima, Rupiper, 2001, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Exotic Animal Formulary&lt;/i&gt;, 2nd edition, W.B Saunders Company, USA.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Delaney, C.A.J., 2000, &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Exotic Companion Medicine Handbook&lt;/i&gt;, Zoological Education Network, Lake Worth, Florida.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Dharmojono, 1998. &lt;i style=&quot;&quot;&gt;Hewan Eksotik Kesayangan&lt;/i&gt;. Cetakan 1. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Grzimeks, 1976, &lt;i&gt;Animal Life Encyclopedia&lt;/i&gt;, Reptil vol.VI, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 200%;font-size:85%;&quot;  lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Miller, M. F.,2003,&lt;i&gt;Anatomyofsnake&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.herpetology.com/cdrom.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&gt;http://www.herpetology.com/cdrom.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/4059249472622934512/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/ular.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/4059249472622934512'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/4059249472622934512'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/ular.html' title='ULAR'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-6026645907808047127</id><published>2010-11-11T00:06:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-11-11T00:09:16.573-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt; v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:officedocumentsettings&gt;   &lt;o:allowpng/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; 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semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin-top:0cm;  mso-para-margin-right:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;  mso-para-margin-left:0cm;  line-height:115%;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:shapedefaults ext=&quot;edit&quot; spidmax=&quot;1028&quot;&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:shapelayout ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;   &lt;o:idmap ext=&quot;edit&quot; data=&quot;1&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:shapelayout&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Contraception in felids&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Linda Munson *&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;table style=&quot;width: 678px; height: 36px;&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;10&quot; width=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png&quot; height=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;523&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;Abstrak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;Kontrasepsi digunakan untuk kontrol reproduksi &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;yang bersifat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;reversib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;el&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; pada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; genetik felids&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;liar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;, sebagai kontrol reproduksi permanen pada &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;felids liar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;, dan sebagai cara yang dapat dipraktekan secara &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;praktis dan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;ekonomis untuk mengontrol &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;felids liar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;. Kontrasepsi progestin, megestrol acetate, melengesterol acetate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; levonorgestrol (diberikan secara oral, pada implant, atau s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;ecara injeksi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;), efektif mencegah kehamilan. Tetapi, penggunaan jangka panjang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; berhubungan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;dengan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;kejadian &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; mammary cancer. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs atau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; luteinizing hormone vaccines yang menerima kontrasepsi dengan menekan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;fungsi &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;ovarian atau testicular, tidak mempunyai efek kesehatan yang merugikan dari progestins. Tetapi, kemampuan reversib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;el&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; yang dapat diandalkan tidak ditunjukan,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; karakteristik &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;sekunder dari pejantan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;kemungkinan terte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;kan. Bisdiamines juga&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; menghambat spermatogenesis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;menurunkan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; konsentrasi testosteron pada kucing jantan yang ditreatmen. Porcine zona pellucida vaccines adalah kontrasepsi yang tidak efektif pada felids dan dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan serius ketika dikombinasikan dengan sejumlah adjuvants. Dikarenakan ketersediaan yang terbatas pada kontrasepsi non-progestin dan efek samping yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;berhubungan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt; dengan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;beberapa agen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;, penyebaran kontrasepsi pada felids telah dibatasi. Di masa yang akan datang banyak metode kontrasepsi non-steroidal harus dites sebagai alternatif untuk mengontrol reproduksi pada felids. Selanjutnya, semua informasi empiris &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;tentang kontrasepsi yang aman dan efektif &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;harus dikumpulkan dalam sebuah database untuk menyediakan pengetahuan yang dibutuhkan dokter hewan dan manajer untuk mengetahui keuntungan/resiko pada kontrasepsi felids, baik domestik &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;maupun &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;IN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;liar, yang tersedia saat ini.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;table align=&quot;left&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td height=&quot;7&quot; width=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/acer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png&quot; height=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;523&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Keywords:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;Contraception; Felid; Progestins; Deslorelin; Bisdiamines&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/6026645907808047127/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvml-o.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/6026645907808047127'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/6026645907808047127'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvml-o.html' title=''/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-7935105499853174055</id><published>2009-12-20T04:10:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-12-20T04:17:01.047-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Trik menStabilkan sinyal modem M2</title><content type='html'>&lt;meta equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=utf-8&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;ProgId&quot; content=&quot;Word.Document&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;Generator&quot; content=&quot;Microsoft Word 12&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;Originator&quot; content=&quot;Microsoft Word 12&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;link rel=&quot;File-List&quot; 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priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; 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priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; 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priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; 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size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Ternyata permasalahan lelet dan kurang cepatnya modem M2 diakibatkan oleh jarigan 3G yang kurang optimal dari pihak produser sehingga dalam merebutkan jaringan ini dibutuhkan kerja keras dari masing masing konsumen. Salah satu trik yg sederhana yg pernah saya coba adalah dengan memperkuat sinyal sekitar modem,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Cukup dengan antena TV dan kabel tunggal yg panjang menghubungkan antena dg modem&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Letakkan antena di tempat yg lebih tinggi dr rumah kita&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Arahkan antena ke BTS terdekat/antena Indosat yg paling dekat dg daerah kita&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Bila modem tidak ada colokan khusus buat antena, maka lilitkan kabel pd modem dengan menghilangkan lapisan karetnya sehingga yg terlihat hanya kawat tembaganya yg melilit modem kita&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;meta equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=utf-8&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;ProgId&quot; content=&quot;Word.Document&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;Generator&quot; content=&quot;Microsoft Word 12&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;Originator&quot; content=&quot;Microsoft Word 12&quot;&gt;&lt;link style=&quot;font-family: times new roman;&quot; rel=&quot;File-List&quot; href=&quot;file:///C:%5CUsers%5CSONYHA%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml&quot;&gt;&lt;link style=&quot;font-family: times new roman;&quot; rel=&quot;themeData&quot; href=&quot;file:///C:%5CUsers%5CSONYHA%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx&quot;&gt;&lt;link style=&quot;font-family: times new roman;&quot; 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defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;22&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; 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priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt; 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semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;style&gt; &lt;!--  /* Font Definitions */  @font-face 	{font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;; 	panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:roman; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:Calibri; 	panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:swiss; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;}  /* Style Definitions */  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal 	{mso-style-unhide:no; 	mso-style-qformat:yes; 	mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;; 	margin-top:0cm; 	margin-right:0cm; 	margin-bottom:10.0pt; 	margin-left:0cm; 	line-height:115%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;; 	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} .MsoChpDefault 	{mso-style-type:export-only; 	mso-default-props:yes; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;} @page Section1 	{size:612.0pt 792.0pt; 	margin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt; 	mso-header-margin:36.0pt; 	mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; 	mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 	{page:Section1;} --&gt; &lt;/style&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable 	{mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;; 	mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; 	mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; 	mso-style-noshow:yes; 	mso-style-priority:99; 	mso-style-qformat:yes; 	mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;; 	mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; 	mso-para-margin:0cm; 	mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; 	mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; 	mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;; 	mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; 	mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; 	mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;; 	mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Masuk pada pengaturan modem / setting -&gt; network setting -&gt; pilih file name (M2) kemudian Edit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Pilih kolom pengaturan DNS kemudian pilih &quot;Use the following DNS server addresss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;- Jika sudah, coba satu persatu masukkan address di bawah ini, gunakan yg menurut kalian paling stabil&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;pilihan 1&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Preferred DNS server: 202.155.0.10&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Alternate DNS server: 202.155.0.15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;pilihan 2&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Preferred DNS server: 202.155.0.20&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Alternate DNS server: 202.155.0.25&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;pilihan 3&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Preferred DNS server: 208.67.222.222&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;line-height: 115%; font-family: times new roman;&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Alternate DNS server: 208.67.220.220&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;font-family: times new roman;&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Selamat mencoba, lihat perbedaanya, lalu coment deh di&lt;/font&gt; sini..........&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/7935105499853174055/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2009/12/trik-menstabilkan-sinyal-modem-m2.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/7935105499853174055'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/7935105499853174055'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2009/12/trik-menstabilkan-sinyal-modem-m2.html' title='Trik menStabilkan sinyal modem M2'/><author><name>drh. Sony Hanyuwito</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/09180757470683608823</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='24' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7cN9_ON9EggSpZ4aM3p-tJUfNK3Gb0M03DVe3FQAry6RtqCsiDVCBZ_qXCOWYxB20yuGcBCU1IxsS7VfPG92TilYGUW8FH7wSRN1ddqWbMMTpl01So71G8iwYCkLElQI/s220/DSC03772.jpg'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1876131531724721891.post-34854045239198421</id><published>2009-12-16T04:22:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-12-16T04:28:41.265-08:00</updated><title type='text'>THE DESCRIPTION OF BODY TEMPERATURE, BREATHING FREQUENCY, AND PULSE OF BLIGON GOAT DURING ESTRUS CYCLE</title><content type='html'>&lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=utf-8&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;ProgId&quot; content=&quot;Word.Document&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;Generator&quot; content=&quot;Microsoft Word 12&quot;&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;Originator&quot; content=&quot;Microsoft Word 12&quot;&gt;&lt;link rel=&quot;File-List&quot; href=&quot;file:///C:%5CUsers%5CSONYHA%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml&quot;&gt;&lt;link rel=&quot;themeData&quot; href=&quot;file:///C:%5CUsers%5CSONYHA%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx&quot;&gt;&lt;link rel=&quot;colorSchemeMapping&quot; href=&quot;file:///C:%5CUsers%5CSONYHA%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt; 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Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt; 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Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt; 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Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt; 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Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;style&gt; &lt;!--  /* Font Definitions */  @font-face 	{font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;; 	panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:roman; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;}  /* Style Definitions */  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal 	{mso-style-unhide:no; 	mso-style-qformat:yes; 	mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;; 	margin:0cm; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	font-size:12.0pt; 	font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; 	mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;; 	mso-ansi-language:EN-US; 	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader 	{mso-style-priority:99; 	mso-style-unhide:no; 	mso-style-link:&quot;Header Char&quot;; 	margin:0cm; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:center 216.0pt right 432.0pt; 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	mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; 	mso-style-noshow:yes; 	mso-style-priority:99; 	mso-style-qformat:yes; 	mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;; 	mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; 	mso-para-margin:0cm; 	mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; 	mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; 	mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;; 	mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; 	mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; 	mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; 	mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;; 	mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: -0.05pt; text-align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: -0.05pt; text-align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: -0.05pt; text-align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;THE DESCRIPTION OF BODY TEMPERATURE, BREATHING FREQUENCY, AND PULSE OF BLIGON GOAT DURING ESTRUS CYCLE&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm -0.05pt 0.0001pt 72pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -72pt;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm -0.05pt 0.0001pt 72pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -72pt;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;By:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm -0.05pt 0.0001pt 72pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -72pt;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Sony Hanyuwito&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm -0.05pt 0.0001pt 72pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -72pt;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;05/187318/KH/05527&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Sometimes physiologic data is changeable and appropriate with the steps in estrus cycle.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;This research had aimed to distinguish the description of body temperature, breathing frequency, and pulse in bligon goat during the estrus cycle. The researcher used 5 female bligon goats age 2-3 years, weight between 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;-4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; kg, and normal estrus cycles for all of the goats between 20-23 days. These research animals were raised in the individual stage stalls which are located in Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Gajah Mada University. The data gathering was done in the afternoon at 4.00-5.00 p.m., during one estrus cycle. The researcher measured body temperature, breathing frequency, and pulse as the research variables. The result of their data measurement was analyzed by &lt;i&gt;Analysis of Variant &lt;/i&gt;(Anova).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoHeader&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;The research result proved that the average of body temperature in estrus phase 38,96 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;± 0,14°&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;luteal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 38,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;76&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; ± 0,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;09&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;°&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;C &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; proestrus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 38,82 ± 0,10°&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;, and the analysis result of body temperature variant proved the changing of inter-phase significantly &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;(P&lt;0,05). The average of breathing frequency in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; estrus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;46,80 ± 6,72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; per &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;minute&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;, luteal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 56,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;86&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; ± &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;60 per m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;inute&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; proestrus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 46,67 ± 7,26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; per m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;inute&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; The average of pulse frequency in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; estrus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 84,00 ± 9,80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; per &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;inute&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;, luteal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;7,74&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; ± 5,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;43 per &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;minute&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;, proestrus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;phase 7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;0 ± &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;42 per m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;inute. From the analysis result of breathing and pulse frequency variant in every phase showed that the changing was insignificant &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;(P&gt;0,05)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;According to the research result, it can be conclude that every phase during the estrus cycle gives a big influence toward the body temperature, but doesn’t give any influence toward the breathing frequency and pulse.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;Key words: &lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;estrus cycle, body temperature, breathing frequency and pulse&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/feeds/34854045239198421/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2009/12/description-of-body-temperature.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/34854045239198421'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1876131531724721891/posts/default/34854045239198421'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hanyuwito.blogspot.com/2009/12/description-of-body-temperature.html' title='THE DESCRIPTION OF BODY TEMPERATURE, BREATHING FREQUENCY, AND PULSE OF BLIGON GOAT DURING ESTRUS CYCLE'/><author><name>drh. 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