DragonJools

brief interruption

2012-06-02T11:52:00.001-04:00

If it ain't one thing, it's another. Last week, I fell and hyper-extended my right elbow, causing a rather nasty sprain - which is the term for ligament damage. Whoever coined the term "only a sprain" should be taken out and shot.

Anyway, no torchy torchy for me for a few days.

On the upside, after a decade of spinning mandrels with my left hand, it was about 24 hours before it occurred to me that it was my dominant hand that was impaired - and that was only when I realized that my hand writing was suddenly waaaay worse!

So - beadmaking - good for improving non-dominant hand dexterity! Cuz ya just never know!

Glass on Stainless Steel Wire

2012-05-25T11:38:00.000-04:00

You could call them headpins - but - um - big much?

Uh, yeah - everything I make is super-sized.

Ok - the point is not the glass-tipped tiny headpins, I was thinking more of making things on the ends of wire and twisting them into bunches. Bugs, flowers, birds, etc. Anyway - what I wanted to find out was, could I use the new Stainless Steel Wire from Artistic wire in the flame and melt glass onto it.

Was it, in fact, real stainless steel?

First up, I emailed Artistic Wire and asked them if it was really stainless steel, or was that just the name of the colour. I got a response within hours, and they confirmed that their Stainless Steel wire is, in fact, Stainless Steel. (Also, their Brass is brass, and everything else has a copper core.) I also know, from previous experience, that most of their products have a thin nylon coating to prevent tarnishing - but I didn't ask about that.

I just cut some lengths and started working in the flame.

No noxious fumes or ghastly odors, so we seem to be good on the no-coating front.

Next lesson learned was that the skinny, and not completely straight wires are tough to hold, and just about impossible to rotate in the hand. I wound up winding the glass around the wire, instead of holding the rod in one place and rotating the wire.You know, exactly what will get you into oodles of trouble if you try to make beads that way.

I then figured out that I could hold the wires in my rod grabber, and that was more comfortable. The wires still weren't straight - so rotating was now possible, but pointless.

But wrapping the glass around the wire works fine.

How to:

Cut your lengths of wire
Put a piece of wire into the rod holder if you have one
Heat the end of the wire to a light glow (you can melt through the wire, just like a skinny mandrel, if you work at it, but light heating is fine.)
Make a gather
Touch the gather down on the wire, in from the end of the wire
Wind the glass around the wire, wrapping around until you run out of glass or it goes stiff.
Heat the glass on the wire to smooth
Repeat until you have a reasonable size that you like, and have worked your way over to the end of the wire
Build some glass out on the end - covering the end of the wire and building up a cap
Roll in a frit if you like, and melt in
I heated these and pointed the far end of the wire at the ceiling to let the glass droop into a nice droplet.
Put the finished "headpin" into the kiln. I put on gloves, reach into the kiln with the wire still in the rod grabber, and let it go onto the floor of the kiln.
Repeat

They are fun, easy, and forgiving. You can mash the glass with some of your fancy mashers. Hey - how about using some of those brass presses that you have hanging around?

So, the verdict is, "Yes - it is real stainless steel and you can use it in the flame." Kewel.

Recycling Beads - Results

2012-05-23T22:41:00.001-04:00

And here are the results of the broken bead fusing test.

Pretty awesome, I'd say!

I was being lazy, and almost none of these were cleaned before fusing. I can grind that fused bead release away easily enough, probably use a flat lap to do that. However, I do observe that the half tubes of bead release have kept their shape, and so these still have a raised area. You could use the knowledge of that to your advantage, I'm sure. Maybe in deliberately creating a hollow or ridge or raised area, or open space.

I seriously think these have potential.

Cracked Bead Recycling

2012-05-21T12:14:00.001-04:00

This is a re-post from the Beadful Life - I contribute regularly to the blog there too.

Here is a little peek at a project I'm doing today. What to do with the cracked beads.

Beads crack because they get too cold (while you are admiring them or you are making too many at once!) before they go in the kiln. Perfectly nice beads, cracked in half. Some really nice beads, cracked in half. Such a shame!

So when you collect enough of them, you can put them in the kiln and fuse them - melt them into cabochons, which will flatten the backs out and take the sharp edges off.

I'm sure there are real fusers out there who can talk about this at great length - I just melt glass in the flame, so I'm not doing anything fancy.

If you have a collection of half beads and want to try this, here's the low-down.

Grab a kiln shelf - one may have come with your kiln, otherwise, get one from your kiln supplier, glass supplier, or a ceramics place. Make sure it fits in your kiln with room to spare. Everything gets bigger when it is hot.

Get some fibre paper, same sources as above. Cut a piece of the paper the same size as the shelf, and put it on the shelf. It probably came in a roll and wants to curl - once you have the beads in place, they will hold it down, so just weight it down for now.

Choose beads of more or less the same size, or at least, thickness. If you have super thick beads and thin together, by the time you have flatten out the fat ones, the thin ones are going to be too thin, I think.

Make sure your bead halves are clean and dry. You can grind off the bead release that might still be on them, or leave it - if the glass is opaque and you aren't going to use them so that the back can be seen, who cares. Otherwise, remove it. Not that I was that ambitious this morning.

If you do leave bead release on them, don't have it be damp. Damp + high temps = steam = bad things in the kiln.

Arrange them on the shelf, with lots of room.

Put them in the kiln. They are really small - so you can just zoom up to full temp. Ramp up at full speed to 1600 F.

Start peeking at about 1350 degree. Open the kiln door and have a quick look. You probably won't see any movement. You will notice it is hot and the glass is glowing.

Keep checking, every 30 - 50 degrees. You'll notice they are rounding a bit around 1420 +. Keep going until you think you like what you see. These in the picture went up to about 1480.

When they are done, you want to "crash cool" to 1000 degrees. This helps to prevent accidental devitrification.

Crash cooling consists of opening the kiln door and letting the temperature drop.

When the kiln gets down to 1000, then run a regular annealing cycle, i.e. hold at 970 for 15 mins, ramp down 100 degrees per hour to 815, hold 30 mins, ramp down 100 degrees per hour to 500, and shut off, or whatever you prefer.

You may have to open the kiln door and cool again, because as soon as you close it - the temp will climb back up. Some kiln controllers get a little upset if the temp climbs to more than 100 degrees above what they are set for, so you might see an error message. If so, just restart your annealing cycle again.

The above picture was shot at about 800 F - no glow on the glass.

I'll show you the results when they have cooled down. Too bad I didn't remember to shoot them before starting the experiment.

Spiral Tool

2012-05-12T23:17:00.000-04:00

This is a cool tool that totally rules, it will make you drool.

I LOVE this tool - I am using it on everything. It's just a simple spiral. It works well - doesn't tend to stick to the glass, it just totally rocks.

This was my first use of it - on turquoise and copper green - if you care.

I forget what these were - Sasha's silver on the bottom and Dalai Lama on the top, maybe?

This is Dalai Lama on the top, and not sure about the bottom. The Dalai Lama struck beautifully - best I've ever gotten - probably due to the rapid cooling. To make the spiral tool work on a hot, soft bead, I place the back of the bead on torch marver. Here too, I started adding the wavy Micheal Barley tool.

Here we go again - spiral and wavy. The bead itself it Vetro Black and Ivory, with all 4 of the frits I've been playing with lately (TAG Taxco and Deep Purple, Belladonna Royal Purple and Honey Glaze). Melt in, spot reduce, clear encase, mash, spiral.

This is also all 4 frits, on Vetro black, encased, mashed and spiraled.

White core, honey glaze rod, dichro, clear encase. Let drip, mash, apply spiral.

Here is the spiral again, also the wavy tool. The spiral is awesome. I'm putting it on everything. There's a serious danger of me completely overdoing it. How out of character is that? ;-)

More of the Beads from the Class - w Jeri Warhaftig

2012-05-11T12:08:00.000-04:00

As I did with the classes I've taken in the past few years, I'm sharing what I made in the class. Not because they are wonderful - but because they are first beads and learning experiences.

And so that I can come back and look at them later. ;-) And maybe snicker a little. ;-)

Brace yourself - there's a lot of them.

Embossed copper inclusions - you saw this bead a couple of days ago - so I'm just adding it here for completeness.

More copper inclusions - and learning to keep them looking coppery and shiny, instead of shifting to red. (Background glass is CiM Kryptonite, btw.)

Getting there. Bead release broke on me though.

Nice, but still not what I was trying to do.

Bingo! Now it's starting to work for me!

This is the same bead, after sandblasting, btw.

Working with Dichro. Again, bead release broke on me and so I didn't finish it.

Which made it a good bead to test the sandblasting on. No sense of loss if it messes up! Lesson learned from this one - much more masking required.

We explored the ol' enamel + copper foil effect. Base is Kryptonite, white enamel, copper foil.

This is a hollow - decorated with the same enamel and foil effect, and sandblasted.

Dichro on red bead. Happy with this one.

And on a leaf. Yeah - it's blue leaf.

We also practiced encasing dichro on coloured backing. Here's the leftover chunk.

We played with putting objects into a key mandrel.

Silver foil + rubino effect.

The sandblasting totally saved this bead - it was butt ugly. It was a hollow I lost control of, gave up and mashed and rolled in frit. It is now moderately interesting.

This is what my workstation looked like after a few hours of my toolbox barfing out tools.

(Yes - I moved the Tim Horton's bag before I lit the torch.)

It's ... black. Actually - it's enamel.

And this is the same bead, after masking and sandblasting.

And the other side.

Other assorted beads.

So help me - all I could think of was this reminded me of those acrylic toilet seats with the plastic fish in them.

Urg. This was a swing and a miss.

Hey - there's the Taxco frit on the obsidian base again!

And a proof of concept - dragons wrapped around a bead - and sandblasted. Needs work yet - but shows promise.

More Reactive Frit Combos

2012-05-10T07:51:00.000-04:00

More frit combos. I think there is something to combining these reactive/reduction frits - as the unpredictability of the chemistry from the frits reacting with each other as well as the base glass give even more extraordinary results.

This is a base of CiM Obsidian, with Belladonna Honey Glaze frit on the left, and BD Royal Purple on the right. Notice the overlap in the center.

BTW - CiM Obsidian is my new "must-have" glass - for it's reactions with silver and silver glass.

This is the combo as above, Obsidian, with Honey Glaze on the left and Royal purple on the right, but reduced.

And this is a base of Vetro Black - with Honey Glaze on the top, Royal Purple on the bottom, reduced lightly, encased (out of the flame - to avoid unreducing) and mashed.

Awesomeness!

Belladonna Honey Glaze - Rod

2012-05-09T13:04:00.000-04:00

I also got some of the Belladonna Honey Glaze in rod form - although - to be fair, it was more like stringer. Very thin rods.

Because I didn't have much of it, I made a base of clear, then encased it in the Honey Glaze. It didn't seem very dark - so I did 3 layers of encasing before I had some colour that I thought looked appealing.

I struck it a little (cool and reheat) and then did a gentle reduction. Note the iridescence in the reflection.

This is a base of white. This time, I only needed a single layer of Honey Glaze encasing - it coloured up much better. The right side of the bead was reduced.

This is a base of Vetro black, and Honey Glaze stringer - reduced - and it over reduced, I think I didn't let it cool enough - it went smokey and ick - so I unreduced it (turned the oxygen back up) and burned off the haze. The end result is quite interesting.

From the class - Jeri Warhaftig

2012-05-08T09:14:00.000-04:00

I just finished up a class with Jeri Warhaftig on the weekend, and those of you who have read back in this blog know that I don't have any expectations of getting beads I like from any class. I'm there to learn. I'm out of my comfort zone (although, learning in your own studio or one that you use frequently - home field advantage, so to speak - is a huge plus!) - I'm pushing the envelope and sometimes it pushes back.

However, I have to say, I'm pretty happy with this one.

This is about an inch across, using copper foil and goldstone, and sandblasted, using the new sandblasting set up at beadFX.

Thank you, Jeri and Neil. You were awesome!

Learning Something New

2012-05-07T08:36:00.000-04:00

The last four days of classes were fabulous! There's a bunch of reasons to take a class - learn a specific technique, learn a new approach, change your perspective, put some juice back in your mojo - but the best is mostly too much to hope for - when you get a great group of students and awesome teachers and you have great synergy and everyone learns and new things get discovered.

There was so much good stuff - I'm having a hard time figuring out what to focus on here!

But these past days with Jeri Warhaftig and her husband Neil - were fabulous - we covered soooo much.

Focus. Pick one thing.

Ok.

Copper foil inclusions in a lampwork bead. Somewhere, early in the process of talking about including copper foil in a bead, I had the inspiration to try embossing the copper foil using the new Sizzix/Vintaj Big Kick Machine.(Available from beadFX - but instore only.)

So we scooped up some copper foil, and headed over to the other class room where the BigKick is stored, and tried both the Embossing Plated and the Etching plates. The lightweight 40 gauge copper that we were using works beautifully - taking a nice crisp pattern from either process.

The long oval on the far right is "Etched" - it is a single, rubbery plate with the design as a series of lines - it makes a pattern that is thin, raised lines, as you can see. The long oval in the centre is using the "Emboss" - which is a folder, with two metal plates, one a reverse of the other, and it gives you a pattern that is less about lines and more about areas. The little flower is also using the Emboss plate.

So - does it hold up to being included in a bead? Can you see the pattern, or does it degrade?

Yes it does hold up! Beautifully, as a matter of fact.

And there are oodles of patterns to choose from!

Remember - you read it here first! If you were looking for justification to purchase the Big Kick machine (or any of it's siblings) - here you go.

Belladonna Honey Glaze Frit

2012-05-05T12:55:00.000-04:00

Also from Belladonna - Honey Glaze frit.

This is a base of clear, with Honey Glaze frit, melted in.

This is a base of clear, with Honey Glaze frit, melted in and reduced. It makes a nice lustre, fumes the clear, and also seems to strike to a darker colour.

Unfortunately - I let it cool too much in the reducing stage, and it cracked into two perfect halves. However - I know exactly what I want to do with these - fuse them into cabochons.

Belladonna - Royal Purple Frit

2012-05-03T12:39:00.000-04:00

Belladonna - you may remember - is a new, boutique line of 104 glass in some specialized colours. This is Royal Purple, as a frit.

Royal Purple is a blue purple, more like Tanzanite than Amethyst.

This is a base of clear, Royal Purple frit, melted in.

This is a base of clear, with Royal Purple, and reduced. Reduction didn't seem to affect it. It did seem to get darker - more like it was striking, but maybe that was just me getting more frit on the bead.

Nice colour - I personally prefer the purple that don't have a lot of red in them.

More Taxco and Deep Purple

2012-05-01T11:52:00.000-04:00

More beads featuring frit! These are featuring the last two frits I tried, Taxco and Deep Purple, both 104 CoE frits from Trautman Art Glass.

This is a base bead of clear, with Deep Purple on the left half and Taxco on the right. Melted in and reduced.

This is a base of black (CiM Obsidian) - Taxco and Med Purple, applied randomly. Some dots of clear, also random, melted in, and reduced.

This is a base bead of Obsidian, Taxco and Med Purple, melted in, reduced, and encased.

And the other side. This is awesome - I love these colours.

This is a base of Obsidian, Taxco, reduced, encased, smashed and shaped, and ridges put into it.

Same again, Obsidian base, Taxco. I noticed the blue colour happening between the frit before reducing it, so I was probably working in a slightly reducing flame to start. There was more blue between the frit after reduction - so it is probably the black reducing and going blue with the silver from the Taxco. Mental note: I must try just fuming some Obsidian with silver.)

And the other side.

I am really liking these!

Trautman Deep Purple Frit

2012-04-30T11:52:00.001-04:00

Trautman Art Glass, Deep Purple, in a frit. This is a 104 COE frit. Who am I, and what have you done with my brain? I'm starting to like frit!

The frit is a deep reddish purple.

Over clear, and melted in.

This is Deep Purple, over clear, melted in, and reduced. The clear has fumed to yellow, and the deep purple has gone shades of opaque ocean blue. (It looked more sea green when it was hot.)

Frit: Taxco

2012-04-25T07:33:00.000-04:00

This is Trautman Taxco - available as a frit.

I really enjoyed this frit. More so than the glass, as I remember.

I think I might have been expecting more intense colours from the rods - but I was quite happy with the subtle effects that I got from the frit - especially when combined with other frits - as you will see in upcoming posts.

This bead was a clear base, and rolled in Taxco - which was just melted in. There was a lot of bubbles and it did look sort of scummy at the time - but it came out looking fine.

This one is also a clear base, rolled in Taxco, and melted in and then reduced. The frit has fumed the clear, giving a golden tone to the clear, and making the frit appear more greenish.

I liked this - I can definitely see uses for spacers like this in extending a set themed on turquoise colours. But, as I said, it gets better in more exotic combos. Stay tuned.

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Graphite Mold - Stacked Cylinders

2012-04-23T22:29:00.000-04:00

Here's another graphite mold for shaping beads. It's sort of a stacked cyclinder - but here's a hint - you don't have to use the entire length of the mold cavity!

I actually found this one to be very easy to use - easier than most of the others I've tried. I started with a cylinder - shaped it, and then added a "spare tire" in the middle, and used the mold to refine the shape.

I didn't actually add the 3rd level of cylinders, as I rather liked what I had - and decided to quite while I was ahead!

I think it would look cool done in bright, primary colours - opaques - oranges and greens and yellows and reds and blues. Bright, playful colours. Maybe with some spots or bumps added too. Fun beads!

Looking forward to Class with Jeri Warhaftig

2012-04-21T22:19:00.002-04:00

I've signed up for 4 days of classes with Jeri Warhaftig - to be held at the newly re-designed studio at beadFX. As I was the re-designer - I'm looking forward to seeing how well the space is going to work!

A few years ago - ok, quite a few- I think it was 2006 - I bought a bead at auction at the ISGB gathering. I managed to lose the maker's info - but I was pretty darn impressed with the bead. It was - is - I still have it - cobalt blue, iridescent like carnival glass, and with a deeply etched pattern - almost like cut glass. It was hard to believe that it was handmade - the pattern was so crisp and tight and deep. I didn't know about sandblasting beads then - and I couldn't decide if it was carved or etched.

In looking at this bead from Jeri's site - I realize now that it was one of her beads! - and that it was sandblasted. And now I get to take a class with her. How cool is that? (The one I have is very similar to the one pictured! The dark areas in the pattern are actually the sandblasted parts - the glass is cut away there!)

Sandblasting is a process of using a stream of small, rough particles (like - SAND) to carve away part of the bead and leave a textured pattern on the surface. It opens the door to going beyond making beads and gives you many more options to customize your work. You might also recognize the technique from Diana East's classic beads. There is a really nice video here that gives you some insight as well.

Jean from Nortel Mfg (manufacturer of the Nortel torches, Minor, Mega, Mid-range, etc.) tells me that Jeri is an absolute sweetheart of a teacher - very kind and patient - always good to hear!

It has meant that the studio bought a whack of equipment for this class - sandblasting cabinet, air compressor, media recovery - so this will add a whole new level to glass beadmaking - as the equipment is not going away, and will be available after. I really want to get my head around how to use the equipment - so that after the class - I can continue to use it and find ways to incorporate it into my own work.

--
Jeri is scheduled to teach "Demystifying Dichroic and Conquering Copper" - a two-part class on May 3 and 4th. This class is $425 for the two days, and includes all the glass (including the dichro!!!), etc, that you will require. If you have favorite tools, your own glasses, you are welcome to bring them (I suggest marking them with tape or nail polish or paint to make them easy to i.d.) - but everything is provided.

The second class is on May 5 and 6 - the Saturday and Sunday and is "Sandblasting Lampworked Beads." We are installing a sandblasting unit expressly for this class - but it won't be going away after the class - we will still have it available for use - so unless you want it sitting there while you wished you knew how to use it - I suggest you sign up. This class is $450 - and again - everything you need is included. The description of the class states that you "should be able to make large beads with reasonable competency" in order to be successful - which would pretty much describe all the folks who got started by taking a class with me!

If you want to see more of Jeri's work - check out her website at jeribeads.com.
--

The classes are just week after next - May 3-4 and 5-6. There are spaces left - so you should jump on this opportunity right now. Jeri is NOT teaching at Bead and Button and has a limited teaching schedule this year - so this is a really good opportunity - especially for those in the Southern Ontario area - as the cost savings of not having to travel to the US are huge! Email Jenny H at beadfx and sign up now!

Kiln Troubleshooting

2012-04-16T01:26:00.000-04:00

Well - I'm back. Back from some serious time away from the torch and from glass. I think I would like to say that time spent at the torch is not deducted from your allotted days on earth.

Anyway - while I have many new insights on eldercare and aging - having spent a lot of hours staring in the mirror of my future - this blog is about lampworking - so I will save those insights - with the exception of the following: Do the things you love. Do them now. You might live a long, long time - and maybe you'll have another 40 or 50 years to do the things you love - but it would be tragic if you lived another 50 years, but were incapacitated and couldn't do them. Like arthritis robbed you of the fine motor skills in your hands, or you had the physical skills - but not the mental capacity to be trusted with a torch.

So - as you might imagine - a break of some weeks and I was itching to get back to the torch. As soon as I could, I fired up the kiln, and went off to load the dishwasher while it was heating up. However, apparently my long break without my regular sacrifices of bad beads and exploding rods to the glass gods had angered them, and when I returned to my kiln, it was blinking a message for me - not the happy and warm message of 972 - my temperature of choice, but tcL - alternating with the distinctly chilly 74 of ambient room temperature.

D4mn.

I dug out the manual - which - in defiance of all expectations - I have read and do keep handy for reference. However, there was no mention of a tcL error message - but it did say that tcF was a "themocouple failure." Hmmm. Not a good thing.

I went to the Paragon website for more insight into the error message - and downloaded a newer version of the manual. (Here is a link to it - for the 4.0 controller - just in case you need it. )

The manual was very helpful, and said that tcL is "thermocouple lag" - which is

The heating rate is slower than 9°F / 5°C per hour, and the actual kiln temperature is more than 100°F / 56°C away from the programmed temperature. The tCL alarm becomes inactive above 500°F. To return to the display, press any key.

Causes:

Worn or burned out elements, defective relays, low voltage, and defective thermocouple.

On kilns that use a portable controller, the thermocouple has fallen out of the firing chamber.

A bare spot on the thermocouple lead wires has touched a grounded object inside the kiln switch box causing the thermocouple to short out.

You have programmed a cooling segment temperature that is below room temperature.

I could eliminate 4 easily by checking the program. 2 was also easily eliminated - not a portable controller. As it had been working, and it hadn't been moved - 3 seemed unlikely - so something in the #1 cause seemed the most probable.

I held a lit lighter up near the thermocouple - and the temperature readout started to climb - ok - the thermocouple still works.

Checking out the elements was tricky - because it means sticking your head in the kiln - until my s.o. came along and pointed out that I could just use my cell phone camera - just take a picture and then look at the picture.

Good idea! The cell phone can also just provide illumination if that's what you need.

At that point - he got involved and unscrewed the controller and went at it with a multi-meter and determined that the relay had failed. I can do a lot of things - but poking around with a multi-meter and getting meaningful results is not one of them.

A quick phone call to Jean at Nortel had Paragon calling me back, and confirming the part I needed. A replacement relay was overnighted and hubby installed it - and I was back in business 36 hours from the initial failure.

Kudos to Paragon and Nortel for their outstanding customer service. I wish more companies understood that customer service is a value, not a cost! And thanks too to Dan for diagnosing and installing it! ;-)

Brief interruption

2012-04-02T02:21:00.003-04:00

No - I haven't fallen off the face of the planet. I am currently dealing with some family stuff - hope to be back soon!

Reichenbach Reduction 96 146 Iris Black

2012-03-22T19:37:00.000-04:00

Oooops - thought this looked cool - Iris Black - so picked up a couple of rods and as I go to try it, I realized that it is 96 COE.

I thought I would risk it on the ivory and just keep it to a small amount and see if I could get away with it.

So far - it seems ok. I hit it with a light reduction flame and it brought up a nice metallic sheen, and fumed the ivory.

As I don't stock a lot (any!) 96 COE glass - I thought I would use it by itself in this wavy heart, made on the Sirius system mandrel. Again, a light reduction brings up a nice metallic look.

But anyway - it's a 96 - so the take-away is: read the entire label before buying glass. ;-)

Lauscha Opaque Pink

2012-03-18T19:35:00.002-04:00

Yep, it's opaque. I'm no longer disappointed by these yummy colours that come out commonplace. If Lauscha says "Opaque" - they darn well mean it.

Labelled L SNO 420 Op Pink - from an old stash from Glassdaddy.com - not sure if they are still selling.

It's a angel-skin soft pink. A little darker on the sides where is got less direct heat. Nothing like the unworked rod.

Fun with Filigrana

2012-03-14T00:26:00.000-04:00

Here's a good way to use filigrana.

Filigrana - if you are new to this, is a commercially made glass rod (from Effetre) that is a coloured core with a clear outer layer. You can, of course, make your own, but having lots of consistent rods open up some creative possibilities - such as, making hollow beads!

This hollow was made with pink filigrana - which is actually a white core, with a layer of transparent pink, and then a clear encasing. Some of the filigrana colours are simply an encased colour, but a few are actually 3 layers. You can see in these photos, the pink over the white. It makes for a more interesting and complex look.

Make it the same as you would any other hollow - building up disks and then either building them up until they touch, or softening them with heat and moving them together until they touch.

Another neat variation is to make one disk in one colour and the other in a different color.

Colours in Glass

2012-03-08T19:59:00.000-05:00

Over the years - you pick up some info about the metals used to make the colour in glass. You learn early on that gold makes pinks and purples - and when the price of gold shot up - we saw the price of the purples and pinks shoot up too.

The ivories and yellows are sulfur-based - and they react with the copper-based colours - the greens and turquoise blues.

Tin gives you white, and manganese gives you black, and some of the browns are made with gold too. Chrome was used for the reds - although for health reasons - other elements have been found. Ditto for the colour we know as cobalt blue.

However, while reading Discover¹ - I came across a very interesting article on the "Rare Earths" - a category of elements that are neither particularly rare nor earthy. It's a good article - worth reading.

However - the part that really grabbed my attention was this passage:

Glass doped with cerium oxide effectively absorbs ultraviolet light ... . Two other rare-earth metals, neodymium and praseodymium, work their magic at the other end of the spectrum. They impede infrared light and so are incorporated into welders' goggles to protect workers eyes from the heat. These oxides also absorb yellow and green, so glass made with them has a characteristic mauve tinge.

Geez - could you describe our didymium lenses any better? Ooo - Di - meaning two - neodymium and praseodymium.

That explains that.

But wait - it gets better.

More broadly, rare earths add colour ... . Glazes on earthenware dishes contain oxides ... tin (white), copper (blue) or iron (amber). But rare-earth oxides ... create more exotic hues, such as pink and lime green. ... erbium oxide ... gives a subtle tone - more pink lemonade than Pepto-bismol.

So think about those fabulous new pinks that we have seen, like the Pinks from CiM - Gelly's Sty - a pink like no other in any of the other glass palettes.

Hmmm. Veddy interesting.

I realized that this information may not buy you anything - but I still think it is fabulous to know this stuff!

--
¹Discover Magazine, "Elements of Modern Style," by Hugh Aldersey-Williams. pp 62 - 67

Reichenbach 104 - 6210: Magic

2012-03-06T23:30:00.000-05:00

I've reviewed Magic before, but here it is again anyway.

This is a 104 glass from Reichenbach. It's kind of a nondescript opaque brown rod - but it can do some pretty interesting things.

This was a black base, magic, encased, and mashed.

This is the other side of the same bead. Personally - grey and yellow are not a winning combo - so this side is not doing it for me. It looked better when it went into the kiln.

This one, and the rest of them here, are done with stringer and not encased. It seems that more is less, and less is more. I'm using it like Raku - heat it a lot, cool it quickly by mashing or marvering.

The figure playing the drums is pretty cool - and completely accidental. The blue in the back ground is actually not from the magic - it might be Kronos, I think. I don't appear to have recorded what it was.

This one has a patch of silver foil on it.

Definitely go for smaller amount for more colour drama. Why that should be - I don't know. Maybe it thins out better? Cools faster? Maybe all the interesting stuff happens at the boundaries.

Maybe it just likes to live on the edge? ;-)

Studio set up - more pics

2012-03-03T21:29:00.000-05:00

As promised, more on the recent studio redesign, with pictures for your reference. You know, just in case you are building an 8-person flameworking studio using natural gas and oxygen. ;-)

Just for reference - this is what the studio looks like overall. Metal covered tables down the centre, with a table in between for the kilns. We had a power line dropped from the ceiling for the kilns, with two dedicated circuits, one 220 for the "silver" kiln, and one 110 for the "blue" kiln.

In the far corner - you can see two pipes running up the wall and across.

These are the pipes - the bottom one is gas, and the upper one is oxygen. Since this photo - the oxygen has been labeled with black on green labels to indicate that it is oxygen. (Black on green - it's a by-law. Make your own labels - it's cheaper.)

The pipes run down the wall and under the table. They are on "stand offs" which support them off the floor. The original plan was to run them under the bottom of the table - but the gas fitter suggested this and it is a much better idea, as the tables can be moved now without damaging the piping.

You can also see the sink we have installed for cleaning beads, etc. I really did want that sink closer to the corner - but I wasn't there when they installed it.

Each torch has it's own connection and shut-off valve for gas and oxygen - so a torch can be removed and swapped out without affecting anyone else working. (The green hose is the oxygen and the black is the gas.) Each torch has a 6 foot hose running to the connector, and the hoses are velcro'ed up out of the way to the legs at the side of the torches. No more hoses getting in the way!

We added a connection and a gauge at the end of the line to monitor oxygen pressure. I wanted to know if we were losing pressure due to friction at the end of the line. Turns out, we are not (this gauge is reading zero as the line wasn't charged when I took the photo.)

In the back room - away from the students and torchers is the gas booster. This brings the gas up to a pressure that will run all the torches simultaneously. It is noisy - and having it out of the room is won-der-ful! It's not so much loud as "white noise" - but you really notice it when you turn it off. Now it in a back room where no one "lives" - so it's not annoying anyone.

Next to it is the 3-place manifold for the oxygen. We have hooked up three tanks, and we set two to 10 psi, and the third to 8 psi - ensuring that the two primary tanks empty first, and the 3rd is the reserve.

This has already been very useful, in that we just had one of the oxygen regulators fail. Previously - this would have meant 2 torches were out of commission, and we would have been making an emergency trip to get a replacement. Now, it is not impacting the torching at all, and we can replace it at our leisure.

We've also posted a sign (since this photo) that says "Low Pressure Oxygen system - do not connect high pressure tanks with out a regulator." Another by-law. The wrench for removing the regulators is also attached to the wall with a length of chain. This is also a by-law - but has been very well received by all - as it prevents the wrench from walking away.

We have a set of little signs - just a folded sheet of paper and some string, that we hang on the tanks. They say "full" on one side, and "empty" on the other. We use these to distinguish between full and empty tanks. Some places use chalk and write on the tank - that works too - but we have had better luck keeping track of signs than chalk. ;-)

Hope that's useful to you!