<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><rss xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:openSearch="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/" xmlns:blogger="http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008" xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss" xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0" version="2.0"><channel><atom:id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260</atom:id><lastBuildDate>Sun, 08 Dec 2024 18:25:55 +0000</lastBuildDate><category>job creation</category><category>unemployment</category><category>economic stimulus</category><category>public investment</category><category>jobs</category><category>WPA</category><category>green jobs</category><category>full employment</category><category>infrastructure</category><category>jobs legislation</category><category>education</category><category>underemployment</category><category>affordable housing</category><category>community jobs</category><category>living wages</category><category>state and local government</category><category>Jobs Conference</category><category>New Deal</category><category>inequality</category><category>ob creation</category><category>Hurricane Katrina</category><category>deficit</category><category>job creation and retention</category><category>living wage</category><category>tax policy</category><category>American Economic Recovery Act</category><category>American Recovery and Reinvestment Act</category><category>Financial Crisis</category><category>First Friday</category><category>Rebuild the American Dream</category><category>Speakout for Good Jobs</category><category>call to action</category><category>cities</category><category>climate change</category><category>conservation</category><category>energy</category><category>food system</category><category>higher education</category><category>industrial policy</category><category>infrastructure bank</category><category>job loss</category><category>long-term spending</category><category>manufacturing</category><category>mass transit</category><category>public jobs</category><category>public service employment</category><category>stimulus</category><category>unemployment benefits</category><category>youth</category><category>32 hour week</category><category>Bankster</category><category>CCC</category><category>Children and youth</category><category>FDR</category><category>Federal Writers Project</category><category>Gulf Coast Civic Works</category><category>JOLTS</category><category>Make it in America</category><category>Medicare</category><category>Obama</category><category>Orzag</category><category>Roosevelt</category><category>Schools</category><category>Social Security</category><category>Wall Street</category><category>a new social contract</category><category>child care</category><category>conservative critique</category><category>conyers</category><category>crisis</category><category>deficit commission</category><category>deficit reduction</category><category>democracy</category><category>documentary</category><category>economic bill of rights</category><category>economy</category><category>environment</category><category>federal jobs program</category><category>financial meltdown</category><category>financial speculation tax</category><category>foreclosures</category><category>gulf coast</category><category>health benefits</category><category>home care</category><category>income distribution</category><category>job availability</category><category>job creation legislation</category><category>jobs for all</category><category>layoffs</category><category>long term care</category><category>marshall plan</category><category>mayors</category><category>minumum wage</category><category>nursing</category><category>plant closing</category><category>public services</category><category>recovery plan</category><category>retirement</category><category>school renovation</category><category>solar power</category><category>summer jobs</category><category>trade</category><category>training</category><category>unemployment rates for men and women</category><category>veterans</category><category>wages</category><category>water</category><category>work hours</category><title>Full Employment Now!</title><description>Good Jobs for All</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/</link><managingEditor>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</managingEditor><generator>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>307</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-9001727504011084247</guid><pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2014 15:15:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-12-10T07:22:46.342-08:00</atom:updated><title>December 10 is International Human Rights Day. We demand our right to a Living Wage Job!!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGkdCbNEg2A-48eltabvqsh9Ksdol_VemlZphLBeKZxJ5Xonh1ArQmPen9DRaT_kkWVms5MqG_EpjDp33kNZamUnLfxbUMfnchVWrhnTK_g6s9mX3Dqa_qXapgQ93uF1FwSM11G05m2JAy/s1600/FAST+FOOD.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGkdCbNEg2A-48eltabvqsh9Ksdol_VemlZphLBeKZxJ5Xonh1ArQmPen9DRaT_kkWVms5MqG_EpjDp33kNZamUnLfxbUMfnchVWrhnTK_g6s9mX3Dqa_qXapgQ93uF1FwSM11G05m2JAy/s1600/FAST+FOOD.jpg&quot; height=&quot;266&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3474036425801326260&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Fast food workers, healthcare workers and their supporters
shout slogans at a rally and march to demand an increase of the minimum wage in
Los Angeles, Calif. on Dec. 4, 2014. &amp;nbsp;Photo by Robyn Beck/AFP/Getty&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/fast-food-workers-strike-again&quot;&gt;http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/fast-food-workers-strike-again&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;
&quot;…Where, after all, do universal rights begin? In small places, close to
home -- so close and so small that they cannot be seen on any maps of the
world. Yet they are the world of the individual person; the neighborhood he or
she lives in; the school or college he or she attends; the factory, the farm or
office where he or she works.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;Such are the places where every man, woman and child seeks
equal justice, equal opportunity, and equal dignity without discrimination.
Unless these rights have meaning there, they have little meaning anywhere.
Without concerted citizen action to uphold them close to home, we shall look in
vain for progress in the larger world…&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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--Eleanor Roosevelt (1968) commenting on the 20th
anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&quot;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;It is the purpose of the Humphrey Hawkins 21st
Century Full Employment and Training Act (HR 1000) to expedite progress&amp;nbsp;to
fulfill the right to useful work at living wages for all persons seeking
employment, as promptly as possible and at the earliest practicable date&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;by
establishing a Full Employment Trust Fund to fund &amp;nbsp;and operate a national
program of public service employment and to provide additional labor market
opportunities to complement those offered by the existing private, public, and
nonprofit sectors.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&quot;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;--&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://njfac.org/wpb/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/HR1000.pdf&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;HR 1000 (Full
Text)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;, introduced by Rep. John Conyers (D-MI) with 57 co-sponsors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;December 10 is International Human Rights Day and the
anniversary of the day that the Universal Declaration was adopted in 1948.
&amp;nbsp;This year’s slogan,&amp;nbsp;H&lt;/span&gt;uman Rights 365&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;, encompasses the idea
that&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;nbsp;every day is Human Rights Day&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;. It celebrates the fundamental
proposition in the Universal Declaration that each one of us, everywhere, at
all times is entitled to the full range of human rights, that human rights
belong equally to each of us and bind us together as a global community with
the same ideals and values.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;
For more info, visit:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.un.org/en/events/humanrightsday/&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;http://www.un.org/en/events/humanrightsday/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.putamericatowork.net/&quot;&gt;www.PutAmericaToWork.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/12/december-10-is-international-human.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGkdCbNEg2A-48eltabvqsh9Ksdol_VemlZphLBeKZxJ5Xonh1ArQmPen9DRaT_kkWVms5MqG_EpjDp33kNZamUnLfxbUMfnchVWrhnTK_g6s9mX3Dqa_qXapgQ93uF1FwSM11G05m2JAy/s72-c/FAST+FOOD.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-6538923645100969980</guid><pubDate>Mon, 24 Nov 2014 04:17:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-11-23T20:18:46.823-08:00</atom:updated><title>Can We Earn a Living on a Living Planet?</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
Cross posted from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://prospect.org/article/must-environmentalists-and-labor-activists-find-themselves-odds-each-other&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;American Prospect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0_ZHH0XuTGpZqx0xx081fCEjm2LeJfRJiHZ7Kzyn-Co6uyFsjMpydIUt-V37KHjFqgCGyLhtVvH29GsfZbzXbOWkDClw68NTkTUwKJAv7TDkZNnhbGk56RB5gYu9gfQdVS2_1arHojm4/s1600/Pocono+Solar.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0_ZHH0XuTGpZqx0xx081fCEjm2LeJfRJiHZ7Kzyn-Co6uyFsjMpydIUt-V37KHjFqgCGyLhtVvH29GsfZbzXbOWkDClw68NTkTUwKJAv7TDkZNnhbGk56RB5gYu9gfQdVS2_1arHojm4/s1600/Pocono+Solar.jpg&quot; height=&quot;266&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;This July 30, 2010, photo shows a worker walking through a field of 
solar panels at Pocono Raceway, in Long Pond, Pa. When Pocono Raceway 
flipped the switch on its 25-acre solar farm last week for the 
Pennsylvania 500, a NASCAR track became the world&#39;s largest 
solar-powered sports facility and thrusted the racing series into a 
leading role among U.S. sports in promoting alternative energy.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://prospect.org/article/must-environmentalists-and-labor-activists-find-themselves-odds-each-other&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Can We Earn a Living on a Living Planet?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;The Need for Jobs, and the Ecological Limits to Growth&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
by Chuck Collins, 10/13/14&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It has been a tough couple of years in the effort to unite labor, 
community, and environmental groups, an alliance that has always been 
strained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The extractive energy sector—coal, gas, oil—has historically had 
strong union representation and well-paying jobs. Tensions rose in 2011 
after the Sierra Club escalated their campaign to close coal plants and 
350.org, the climate protection group led by activist Bill McKibben, 
called for a halt to the Keystone XL Pipeline project. &amp;nbsp;Even Obama’s 
relatively mild order this past June on reducing pollution from power 
plants was opposed by the International Brotherhood of Electrical 
Workers (IBEW) and the Mineworkers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;pullquote-large&quot;&gt;
“Where is the transition plan for workers? Why isn’t this part of your demands?”&lt;/div&gt;
At
 a February 2013 meeting of labor and environmental activists, Damon 
Silvers, the AFL-CIO’s director of policy and special counsel, yelled 
and pounded the table, &lt;span class=&quot;pullquote&quot;&gt;“Where is the transition plan for workers? Why isn’t this part of your demands?”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Divisions will increase in the coming years, as two competing 
urgencies collide. Labor and community justice organizations will demand
 jobs, economic growth, and reductions in inequality. And environmental 
activists will increase pressure to curtail fossil fuel production in 
the face of climate disruptions. Both the politics and the policies of 
these goals seem to diverge. But must they?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“Pitting jobs versus the environment is a false choice,” says Joe 
Uehlein, a longtime trade unionist, now board president of the Labor 
Network for Sustainability, which builds alliances between environmental
 and labor sectors. “We need to figure out how to make a living on a 
living planet.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://prospect.org/article/must-environmentalists-and-labor-activists-find-themselves-odds-each-other&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/11/can-we-earn-living-on-living-planet.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0_ZHH0XuTGpZqx0xx081fCEjm2LeJfRJiHZ7Kzyn-Co6uyFsjMpydIUt-V37KHjFqgCGyLhtVvH29GsfZbzXbOWkDClw68NTkTUwKJAv7TDkZNnhbGk56RB5gYu9gfQdVS2_1arHojm4/s72-c/Pocono+Solar.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-3090316884009764491</guid><pubDate>Mon, 24 Nov 2014 03:09:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-11-23T19:09:14.897-08:00</atom:updated><title>Low wages keep restaurant workers in cycle of poverty</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cross-posted from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.citizen-times.com/story/news/local/2014/11/22/low-wages-keep-restaurant-workers-cycle-poverty/19425759/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ashville Citizen-Times&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Low wages keep restaurant workers in cycle of poverty&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.citizen-times.com/staff/11321/mackensy-lunsford&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;asset-metabar-author asset-metabar-item&quot; itemprop=&quot;name&quot;&gt;Mackensy Lunsford&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;asset-metabar-time asset-metabar-item nobyline&quot;&gt; November 22, 2014&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&quot;...The [restaurant] industry as a whole has recorded five straight years of economic 
growth, but “quick-service” restaurants, which include fast-food 
eateries, are experiencing more robust growth with sales this year at 
4.4 percent over last.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;At the same time, nearly 17 percent of the 
country’s 10 million restaurant workers live below the poverty line, 
with 40 percent living below twice the poverty line, commonly used as a 
measure of what it takes for a family to make ends meet without 
assistance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;That’s more than twice the rate of workers outside of the restaurant industry.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.citizen-times.com/story/news/local/2014/11/22/low-wages-keep-restaurant-workers-cycle-poverty/19425759/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/11/low-wages-keep-restaurant-workers-in.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7485180381221522579</guid><pubDate>Mon, 24 Nov 2014 02:37:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-11-23T18:46:29.397-08:00</atom:updated><title>Most unemployed don&#39;t get benefits</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cross posted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grandhaventribune.com/article/1328206&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Grand Haven Tribune&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Even though the U.S. job market is gaining strength, there
are still a lot of unemployed Americans. Yet only a fraction of them are
receiving financial aid from the government.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;AP WIRE,&amp;nbsp;WASHINGTON,&amp;nbsp;NOV 23, 2014&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Fewer than 25 percent of those out of work are signed up for
weekly unemployment benefits, a near-record low since the government began
tracking this data in 1987. That&#39;s a sharp turnaround from just after the
recession, when as many as three-quarters of those out of work received help, a
record high.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;The drop counters a common assumption that most of those out
of work receive unemployment benefits. It is partly a sign of an improving job
market: Layoffs have plummeted and Americans seem more confident in their
prospects for finding a job. But the drop also reflects the fact that state and
federal benefit programs have been downsized from where they were just a few
years ago.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Unemployment benefits had been extended nationwide for as long as 99
weeks in 2009.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&quot;We cut back on the safety net really sharply when the
labor market is still damaged,&quot; said Josh Bivens, director of research at
the Economic Policy Institute, a liberal think tank.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;In October, an average of 2.1 million people received
benefits each week, according to calculations by the EPI. That is equal to just
23.3 percent of the nearly 9 million who were out of work, and is just above
September&#39;s 23.2 percent, the all-time low.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grandhaventribune.com/article/1328206&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/11/most-unemployed-dont-get-benefits.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7044960569353447602</guid><pubDate>Fri, 24 Oct 2014 01:57:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-11-23T18:59:19.258-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">underemployment</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">youth</category><title>1 in 7 Young Adults Neither Working Nor in School</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cross posted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.salon.com/2013/08/05/millennials_are_hopeless_and_its_all_our_fault/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Salon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Millennials are hopeless, and it’s all our fault&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Jobs are vanishing for young Americans, thanks to a
narcissistic national politics that&#39;s disconnected from reality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.salon.com/writer/robert_hennelly/&quot;&gt;ROBERT
HENNELLY&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;- &amp;nbsp;MONDAY, AUG 5, 2013\&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&quot;...[H]ere in the U.S. there are signs of a growing
class of young people on their way to being sidelined. This wound appears
self-inflicted by a narcissistic national politics totally disconnected from
the current social conditions of people outside the Beltway.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;According to the Social Science Research Council’s report,
“A Measure of America Study,”&amp;nbsp;an “astonishing one in seven Americans ages
16 to 24 is neither working nor in school — 5.8 million young people in all.”&amp;nbsp;The
authors rightly point out that such idleness has long-erm impacts for our
nation. As their plugged-in peers ascend the ladder of success with that first
job, these “disconnected youth find themselves adrift at society’s margins
unmoored from the structures that confer knowledge, skills, identity and
purpose.”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;How ironic. Even as we fret most furiously about the lack of
a sufficient workforce to carry us baby boomers into our “golden years,” we
fail to see that we are squandering the generation we are counting on to carry
the load.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Read&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.salon.com/2013/08/05/millennials_are_hopeless_and_its_all_our_fault/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/11/1-in-7-young-adults-neither-working-nor.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-5178619780450277028</guid><pubDate>Sun, 07 Sep 2014 02:39:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-11-23T19:39:52.406-08:00</atom:updated><title>More than a Third of U.S. Workers are Freelancers Now</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
Cross-posted from&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2014/09/05/more-than-a-third-of-u-s-workers-are-freelancers-now-but-is-that-good-for-them/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; Forbes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;More
Than A Third Of U.S. Workers Are Freelancers Now, But Is That Good
For&amp;nbsp;Them?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;By Susan Adams&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;9/05/2014 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&quot;... [T]he progressive non-profit group National Employment Law Project released a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/Reports/Temped-Out.pdf?nocdn=1&quot;&gt;report&lt;/a&gt;
 this week, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/Reports/Temped-Out.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Temped Out: How The Domestic Outsourcing of Blue-Collar Jobs Harms America’s Workers&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, that explores the dark side of contingent 
work. It focuses on the 12 million people who got jobs through staffing 
agencies last year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Though NELP’s focus is on blue collar workers and it
 tallies its numbers differently from the Freelancers Union, Rebecca 
Smith, the report’s co-author, says the report’s findings extend to many
 of the jobs highlighted by the Freelancers Union. 
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;The focus of NELP’s study is the spread of temporary work to areas of
 the economy like manufacturing and warehousing, where workers were 
traditionally full-time and often unionized, with full benefits and good
 wages. Now that those workers are temporary, employers are paying 
median wages that are 22% lower than in the overall economy, according 
to NELP’s research.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Says Smith, “Staffing agencies not only fail to 
provide livable wages, benefits or job security for their workers, but 
their influence in an industry can lower standards for all workers in 
that industry.” When a worker has an issue, it’s not clear whether the 
staffing agency or the top-line company is responsible for setting wages
 or controlling working conditions.&lt;br /&gt;
 
&lt;br /&gt;
The NELP report highlights the conditions faced by several workers 
who got their jobs through staffing agencies, like David Fields, a 
45-year-old father of four who worked for staffing agency LINC Logistics
 in a Walmart consolidation center in Hammond, IN, where he toiled 
outside in sub-zero temperatures on a warehouse loading dock during the 
Christmas rush.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“It’s dangerous to move heavy equipment when you can’t 
feel your hands and you’re walking on ice,” Fields told the NELP 
researchers. “But as temp workers, we were expendable, so we just kept 
on working.” Fields wound up organizing fellow workers and presenting a 
petition to LINC and Walmart, which put a turbine heater on the dock and
 granted workers warm-up breaks. The vast majority of workers who are 
employed through staffing firms are not as successful, says Smith.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2014/09/05/more-than-a-third-of-u-s-workers-are-freelancers-now-but-is-that-good-for-them/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/09/more-than-third-of-us-workers-are.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7849630774191304242</guid><pubDate>Thu, 24 Jul 2014 02:27:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-11-23T19:43:59.870-08:00</atom:updated><title>The Poorly Attended Hearing on One of the Economy&#39;s Toughest Problems</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
C&#39;mon Members of Congress.&amp;nbsp; You can do better than this.&amp;nbsp; Even if you can&#39;t do anything because of gridlock, can&#39;t you pound the podium and shout and stamp your feet?&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Is there any passion about unemployment and underemployment inside the Beltway?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;The Poorly Attended Hearing on One of the Economy&#39;s Toughest Problems&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Cross-posted from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nationaljournal.com/congress/the-poorly-attended-hearing-on-one-of-the-economy-s-toughest-problems-20130424&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;National Journal&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp; by Niraj Chokshi, April 24, 2013&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;lazy&quot; data-desktop_src=&quot;http://cdn-media.nationaljournal.com/?controllerName=image&amp;amp;action=get&amp;amp;id=28144&amp;amp;format=nj2013_10_columns&quot; data-laptop_src=&quot;http://cdn-media.nationaljournal.com/?controllerName=image&amp;amp;action=get&amp;amp;id=28144&amp;amp;format=nj2013_1024_10_columns&quot; src=&quot;http://cdn-media.nationaljournal.com/?controllerName=image&amp;amp;action=get&amp;amp;id=28144&amp;amp;format=nj2013_10_columns&quot; data-phone_src=&quot;http://cdn-media.nationaljournal.com/?controllerName=image&amp;amp;action=get&amp;amp;id=28144&amp;amp;format=nj2013_phone_full&quot; data-tablet_src=&quot;http://cdn-media.nationaljournal.com/?controllerName=image&amp;amp;action=get&amp;amp;id=28144&amp;amp;format=nj2013_8_columns&quot; height=&quot;225&quot; style=&quot;display: block;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;
                
                    
            &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;When the Joint Economic Committee&#39;s 
hearing on fixing the nation&#39;s long-term unemployment problem kicked off
 on Wednesday, April 24, 2013, only one lawmaker was in attendance: Sen. Amy 
Klobuchar, the Committee&#39;s vice chair who was holding the hearing.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;credits&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;credits&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
It stands to reason that lawmakers who often decry the high jobless rate
 would want to be seen publicly trying to tackle the problem, right? 
Well, apparently not.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
When
 a hearing to explore how to get the long-term unemployed back to work 
kicked off on Wednesday morning, only one lawmaker was in attendance. 
That was Sen. Amy Klobuchar, who was holding the hearing in her role as 
the vice chair of the Joint Economic Committee. The Joint Economic 
Commitee is one of a handful of committees whose members come from both 
parties and both houses of Congress. Klobuchar was eventually joined by 
three colleagues (in order of their appearance): Connecticut Sen. Chris 
Murphy, Maryland Rep. John Delaney and Maryland Rep. Elijah Cummings. 
All four are Democrats.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Lawmaker
 schedules are often packed with votes, hearings, meetings, press 
conferences, the works. By 10:30 a.m., when the long-term unemployment 
hearing began, more than 25 hearings had already kicked off in the House
 and Senate. But elected officials also often try to show up at 
important hearings, even if only for a few minutes, for no other reason 
than to be seen. For a group that often bickers over how to solve the 
nation’s biggest economic problems, Wednesday’s hearing represented a 
perfect chance to do just that: be seen discussing how to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nationaljournal.com/domesticpolicy/jobs-market-is-improving-but-the-long-term-unemployed-still-can-t-catch-a-break-20130308&quot;&gt;tackle the intractable problem of long-term unemployment&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The
 long-term unemployed have it incredibly rough: their ranks have swelled
 in recent years, accounting for a larger share of the unemployed; the 
problem is compounded by eroding skills; and the psychological effects 
of unemployment can take a toll on them and their families. In a &lt;a href=&quot;http://pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/11/760-recession.pdf&quot;&gt;2010 Pew survey&lt;/a&gt;,
 close to half of the people out of work six or months said being 
unemployed for so long had strained family relations, and more than 40 
percent said they’d lost contact with close friends.&amp;nbsp;Just being 
unemployed for a long period makes individuals less employable. It’s 
what Kevin Hassett, a former economic advisor to Republican presidential
 contender Mitt Romney, called a “national emergency” at Wednesday’s 
hearing.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nationaljournal.com/congress/the-poorly-attended-hearing-on-one-of-the-economy-s-toughest-problems-20130424&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/07/the-poorly-attended-hearing-on-one-of.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-500991513370007795</guid><pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2014 01:46:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-01-30T18:16:30.903-08:00</atom:updated><title>Join sign-on campaign in support of HR 1000!!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Jobs for All Campaign&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Sign-on Letter in Support of Rep. John Conyers’ Jobs
Legislation &amp;nbsp;(HR 1000)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Dear Friends,&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
US Representative John Conyers has reintroduced jobs
legislation HR 1000. It is the most significant jobs creation bill in recent
times. The “Humphrey-Hawkins 21st Century Full Employment &amp;amp; Training Act”
is a comprehensive and innovative federal and local government job creation and
training bill that would create millions of new jobs for the nation’s
unemployed. It targets the long-term unemployed and poor communities that are
being left behind. The bill will be funded by a financial transactions tax on
stocks and bonds.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
We are very exited by the legislation and its potential role
in mobilizing a larger movement for jobs. Below is the sign-on letter in
support of HR 1000, We are seeking organizational and individual endorsements.
Our goal is to have as many local, state and national organizations as possible
endorse the bill over the next several months. This effort is key in making job
creation by the federal government a national priority.&amp;nbsp;Please forward
this e-mail to key contacts with a note of your support.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us know of any
endorsements you are able to secure.&amp;nbsp; Thanks.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
For Jobs and Peace,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Logan&amp;nbsp;Martinez&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Outreach Coordinator &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
The National Jobs for All Coalition / Jobs for All Campaign&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Email: loganmartinez2u [at] yahoo.com&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Please click here&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/D?d113:1000:./list/bss/d113HR.lst::&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;H.R.1000&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;for&amp;nbsp;the
complete text, summary and cosponsors for the Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment
and Training Act. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.njfac.org/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;
/&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jobscampaign.org/&quot;&gt;http://www.jobscampaign.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_1612718263&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_1612718264&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;
/&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.putamericatowork.net/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;www.PutAmericaToWork.net&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Jobs for All Campaign&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Quality Jobs with a Living Wage and a Voice in the Workplace&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Dear Member of Congress,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
We are writing on behalf of the members of our organizations
urging you to cosponsor and pass into law Representative John Conyers’ bill,
H.R. 1000, the&amp;nbsp;Humphrey Hawkins 21st&amp;nbsp;Century Full Employment and
Training Act.&amp;nbsp;This legislation would create a national public jobs program
to complement job creation by the private sector. Ultimately, it would ensure
full employment, so that every American seeking work would have a job.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
We&#39;re facing a severe jobs crisis. The economy is
consistently failing to create sufficient new jobs to sustain the struggling
recovery. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported the Seasonally Adjusted
Unemployment Rate was 7.5% in April. While 12 million Americans are
&quot;officially&quot; unemployed, millions of others have given up looking for
work entirely. More than 17 million Americans are currently unemployed, and
millions more remain underemployed. 4.6 million Americans have been unemployed
for more than six months, and more than 3 million have been out of work for at
least a year.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Economists, as well as religious, civil society, political,
and other leaders from across the political spectrum agree: Creating jobs is
preferable to providing government assistance. Persistent joblessness
devastates families, communities, and our economy, drives up our deficit, and
weakens our nation.&amp;nbsp;The Humphrey Hawkins Act&amp;nbsp;would solve this crisis.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Philip Harvey, Professor of Law and Economics at the Rutgers
School of Law, estimates&amp;nbsp;The Humphrey Hawkins Act&amp;nbsp;would provide
resources to businesses, states and localities to directly create 3.1 to 6.2
million jobs, and 1 to 2 million additional jobs indirectly within two years.
The National Full Employment and Training Trust Fund—supported by a modest levy
on financial transactions—would finance creation of these new jobs.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
New jobs would provide opportunity and security to millions
of Americans who would also benefit from improved infrastructure including
newer, safer, and better roads, dams, bridges, community facilities, schools,
libraries, parks, and more. New hires would quickly begin work improving and
repairing our dangerously distressed infrastructure, providing child and elder
care, offering job training and other education. Communities could hire more
police, first responders, teachers, and similar public servants.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
We the undersigned strongly urge you to cosponsor H.R. 1000
and to work with your colleagues in Congress to pass this jobs-creating
legislation into law as a top priority.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Thank you.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Sincerely,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Endorsers [list in formation]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Coalition of Labor Union Women&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
President Tanaka Charles (AFSCME)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Memphis Workers&#39; Center &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Workers Interfaith Network&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Alfredo Pena, Executive Director&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Greater Charleston&amp;nbsp;AFL-CIO&amp;nbsp;Central Labor Council&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Erin McKee, President&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Dee R. Wernette, Ph.D.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Chicago&amp;nbsp;Activist Researcher&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Georgia Citizens&#39; Coalition on Hunger&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Carolyn Pittman, Executive Director&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Pastor Robert E. Jones&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
College Hill Community Church&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Presbyterian Church (USA)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Dayton, Ohio&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Community Organizing Center&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Columbus, OH&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Mark D. Stansbery&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Arkansas Interfaith Committee for Worker Justice&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Arkansas Interfaith Alliance.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Rev. Steve Copley&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 South Eastern Michigan Jobs With Justice&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Jobs Committee, Kae Halonen&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Restaurant Opportunities Centers United&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Miami, FL; Washington, DC; Los Angeles, CA&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Detroit, MI; Albuquerque, NM; Oakland, CA;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
New Orleans, LA; Chicago, IL; Houston, TX; &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Philadelphia, PA.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Britton Loftin,&amp;nbsp;National Policy Coordinator&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Demos&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Benjamin P. Peck , Senior Legislative and Policy Associate&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Chris Tilly&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Professor, Department of Urban Planning, UCLA&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 New York City Council Progressive Caucus&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Greater New York Labor-Religion Coalition&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Rabbi Michael Feinberg,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Executive Director&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 National Jobs for All Coalition&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Trudy Goldberg, Chair&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Chicago Political Economy Group&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Bill Barclay&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 U.S. Labor Against the War (USLAW)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Michael Eisenscher, National Coordinator&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Frank Stricker, Emeritus Professor of History and Labor&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Studies, California State University, Dominguez Hills,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Organize! Ohio&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Larry Bresler&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Green For All&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Kimberly Freeman Brown, DC Office Chief&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Rimson Development Corp (Detroit)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
James C Clark, CEO&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Association of UW Professionals (AFT Local 3535)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Bryan Kennedy, Ph.D. President, AFT-Wisconsin&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Boston Democratic Socialists of America&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Mike Pattberg, Boston DSA Exec Board&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 People&#39;s Empowerment Coalition of Ohio&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Lynn Williams&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Coalition for Economic and&amp;nbsp;Social Justice (CESJ)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Jesse Arms&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;San Francisco, CA -&amp;nbsp;Belleville,
IL&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Advocacy and Education Committee&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
(Community Action Partnership) Dayton, OH&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Carole L. Grimes, Chairwoman&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Miami Valley Full Employment Council&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Tiki Kai-Krismano, Exec Board&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 George&amp;nbsp;Friday&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
North Carolina Activist&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more info on HR 1000, visit:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.putamericatowork.net/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;www.PutAmericaToWork.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/01/join-sign-on-campaign-in-support-of-hr.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7806561063463861555</guid><pubDate>Thu, 30 Jan 2014 02:07:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2014-01-30T18:16:57.516-08:00</atom:updated><title>Conyers Forms Full Employment Caucus</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ody-hgroup &quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-color: rgb(44, 44, 44); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 2px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ody-date&quot; id=&quot;ody-date&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 13px;&quot;&gt;
Cross-posted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.detroitnews.com/article/20140129/POLITICS03/301290102&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Detroit News&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ody-date&quot; id=&quot;ody-date&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 13px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ody-date&quot; id=&quot;ody-date&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 13px;&quot;&gt;
January 29, 2014 at 4:51 pm&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 13px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Conyers forms Full Employment Caucus&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul class=&quot;byline&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
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Rep. John Conyers (Drew Angerer / Getty Images)&lt;/h6&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;Washington&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;— Rep. John Conyers launched a new congressional caucus Wednesday aimed at cultivating ideas to put all Americans back to work.&lt;br /&gt;
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The Full Employment Caucus was formed by the longtime Democratic leader with the idea jobs will solve the country’s poverty and crime problems, particularly in his hometown of Detroit.&lt;br /&gt;
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“In African-American and Hispanic communities, unemployment is 30 percent or more,” Conyers said Wednesday, flanked by fellow members of the Congressional Black Caucus who have joined Conyers in his effort. “... In our communities, we experience profound unemployment and, without a job, poverty is the only alternative.”&lt;br /&gt;
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There are nearly 300 official caucuses in Congress that bring together lawmakers with similar interests or backgrounds. They range from political (Tea Party Caucus) to ethnic (Hispanic Caucus) and everything in between (Congressional Songwriter Caucus and the Bourbon Caucus).&lt;br /&gt;
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Conyers, the dean of the Congressional Black Caucus and a leading liberal voice in Congress, said this caucus will meet regularly with economic experts and organize events in members’ districts to find the best solutions.&lt;br /&gt;
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Fellow caucus member Sheila Jackson-Lee, D-Texas, noted President Barack Obama’s State of the Union speech Tuesday in which he pledged to move on economic initiatives even if Congress drags its feet. She argues the work of the caucus could formulate executive orders the president could sign without congressional approval.&lt;br /&gt;
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“We will be answering the call of all of America because people need work and we’re not doing right by them by creating work,” Jackson-Lee said. “I believe this caucus will put us on the right path and we’ll give President Obama a number of executive orders that he can sign with pride and strength.”&lt;br /&gt;
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Conyers, the top Democrat on House Judiciary Committee, has long championed legislation to fund jobs and employment programs, known as the Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment and Training Act.&lt;br /&gt;
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His legislation would create two separate federal trust funds. The first would grant money to communities and states for job-creating activities and the other for training people without skills.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:mschultz@detroitnews.com&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(70, 116, 156) !important; outline: 0px;&quot;&gt;mschultz@detroitnews.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(202) 662-8736&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 13px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From The Detroit News:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.detroitnews.com/article/20140129/POLITICS03/301290102#ixzz2rwCqjaf9&quot; style=&quot;color: #003399; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;http://www.detroitnews.com/article/20140129/POLITICS03/301290102#ixzz2rwCqjaf9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2014/01/conyers-forms-full-employment-caucus.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-475308590120904360</guid><pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2013 14:05:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-12-12T06:06:24.666-08:00</atom:updated><title>Congressional Budget Deal Fails to Extend Aid for Long-Term Unemployed</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/UI/2013/Issue-Brief-Two-Million-Unemployed-Lose-Federal-Jobless-Aid-Shut-Down.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/UI/2013/Issue-Brief-Two-Million-Unemployed-Lose-Federal-Jobless-Aid-Shut-Down.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;More than 2 million unemployed workers will lose federal jobless aid by early 2014, if Congress allows Federal Benefits to shut down at year&#39;s end&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/UI/2013/Issue-Brief-Two-Million-Unemployed-Lose-Federal-Jobless-Aid-Shut-Down.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbqbE-GBLMHXZAD4D7o7cejsLU4hqj1Vk7aaWox0MRmaeK9D27bR4dwaKU8lWZ1dN4sZqilLnE2GEDln1yra6M1c-2DuQK4tuQJQlGcqlHm-KO39HODVzfjWKMUI2JTicwqYmaPW4ik3Yt/s400/NELP+Graphic.JPG&quot; width=&quot;270&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/UI/2013/Issue-Brief-Two-Million-Unemployed-Lose-Federal-Jobless-Aid-Shut-Down.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Source: National Employment Law Project &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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Despite efforts by Democrats, the recent budget deal struck by Sen. Patty Murray and Rep. Paul Ryan failed to include extension of benefits for long-term unemployed workers.&amp;nbsp; See great issue brief from National Employment Law Project on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/UI/2013/Issue-Brief-Two-Million-Unemployed-Lose-Federal-Jobless-Aid-Shut-Down.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the risk that Congress may cutoff aid to long-term unemployed workers&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&quot;...In the wake of October’s harmful government
shutdown, we now face another critical looming deadline – the shutdown of
federal unemployment insurance for long-term unemployed workers at the end of
December. As detailed below, with unemployment still unacceptably high, labor
market conditions persistently weak and long-term unemployment remaining at
crisis levels, Congress must act to avert a shutdown of federal jobless aid and
swiftly renew the program for 2014.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;MS Mincho&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: JA;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;If Congress fails to reauthorize the federally-funded Emergency
Unemployment Compensation (EUC) program, more than two million unemployed
job-seekers will lose federal jobless aid by the end of March 2014.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; In the week
between Christmas and New Year’s, the 1.3 million workers currently receiving
federal EUC willbe abruptly cut off. Another 850,000 workers will run out of
stateunemployment insurance in the first three months of 2014, with no access to
federal EUC&lt;/span&gt;...&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/page/-/UI/2013/Issue-Brief-Two-Million-Unemployed-Lose-Federal-Jobless-Aid-Shut-Down.pdf?nocdn=1&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;NELP Issue Brief&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Visit the National Employment Law Project web site:&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nelp.org/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; www.nelp.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/12/new-congressional-budget-deal-fails-to.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbqbE-GBLMHXZAD4D7o7cejsLU4hqj1Vk7aaWox0MRmaeK9D27bR4dwaKU8lWZ1dN4sZqilLnE2GEDln1yra6M1c-2DuQK4tuQJQlGcqlHm-KO39HODVzfjWKMUI2JTicwqYmaPW4ik3Yt/s72-c/NELP+Graphic.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-6853182992209401527</guid><pubDate>Sun, 20 Oct 2013 22:25:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-10-20T15:28:25.707-07:00</atom:updated><title>An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century (10/18/13 Webcast)</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;a class=&quot;thumbnail&quot; href=&quot;http://livestre.am/4Er1b&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; background-image: url(http://www.livestream.com/images/new_channel/background-video-large.gif); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); color: #3987cc; display: block; font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; height: 99px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-decoration: none; width: 176px;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;time&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url(http://www.livestream.com/images/new_channel/background-transparency-black.png); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); bottom: 5px; color: white; font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 9px; height: 13px; left: 5px; line-height: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 3px; position: absolute; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 0px; z-index: 3;&quot;&gt;50:19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img class=&quot;img&quot; original=&quot;http://www.livestream.com/filestore/user-files/chinternetsocietychapters/2013/10/18/74f2a5ed-4736-42b8-973a-4351ac6625be_1.jpg&quot; src=&quot;http://www.livestream.com/filestore/user-files/chinternetsocietychapters/2013/10/18/74f2a5ed-4736-42b8-973a-4351ac6625be_1.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; display: block; height: 99px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: 176px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Rep. John Conyers speaks at the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.economicbillofrights.net/&quot; style=&quot;color: #cc6633;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #771000;&quot;&gt;An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;conference at Columbia University on October 18, introduced by Chuck Bell of the National Jobs for All Coalition&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://livestre.am/4EhrW&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;color: #3987cc; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century - Morning session&quot;&gt;An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century -...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
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Morning sessions from the conference&lt;/div&gt;
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&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://livestre.am/4Erro&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;color: #3987cc; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century -Afternoon session&quot;&gt;An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century -...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
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Afternoon sessions from the conference&lt;/div&gt;
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Webcast sponsored by&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://isoc-ny.org/&quot; style=&quot;color: #cc6633;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ISOC-NY&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

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www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/10/an-economic-bill-of-rights-for-21st.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-325616690542236968</guid><pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2013 10:19:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-10-18T02:12:41.264-07:00</atom:updated><title>FRI, OCT 18 &gt;&gt; An Economic Bill of Rights for the 21st Century - Conference in NYC</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;A conference celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Columbia University Seminar on Full Employment, Social Welfare &amp;amp; Equity&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Friday, October 18, 2013, 9:00 AM—4:30 PM (breakfast at 8:30 AM)&lt;br /&gt;Columbia University Faculty House&lt;br /&gt;64 Morningside Dr., Manhattan&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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$20 Pre-registration, $25 at Door (includes breakfast &amp;amp; lunch)&lt;br /&gt;
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Web:&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.economicbillofrights.net/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;www.EconomicBillofRights.net&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Co-sponsors:&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;
 Columbia University Seminar on Full Employment, Social Welfare &amp;amp; 
Equity; the Roosevelt Institute; The Nation, The National Jobs for All 
Coalition; Demos; Dollars &amp;amp; Sense; Workers Defense League; Modern 
Money Network, Greater New York Labor-Religion Coalition, The Worker 
Institute at Cornell, ILR School &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1944 Franklin D. 
Roosevelt proposed an Economic Bill of Rights whose guarantees included 
employment at living wages, housing, medical care, education and old age
 security.&amp;nbsp; This conference will consider FDR’s proposal in light of 
subsequent history.&amp;nbsp; Have any of those rights originally proposed been 
achieved?&amp;nbsp; What are their interconnections?&amp;nbsp; How does FDR’s Bill of 
Rights need to be updated for the 21st Century?&amp;nbsp; How can we secure these
 rights in the present political climate?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Speakers:&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;
 The Honorable John Conyers (D-MI); David Woolner, Senior Fellow and 
Resident Hyde Park Historian, The Roosevelt Institute; Philip Harvey, 
Prof. of Law and Economics, Rutgers University; William Quigley, Prof. 
of Law, Loyola University; Gertrude Schaffner Goldberg, Professor 
Emerita of Social Policy, Adelphi University; Sheila D. Collins, 
Professor Emerita of Political Science, William Paterson University; 
Helen Lachs Ginsburg, Professor Emerita of Economics, Brooklyn College, 
CUNY; Dean Baker, Co-Director Center for Economic and Policy Research; 
William Darity, Jr. , Professor of Public Policy, African and 
African-American Studies and Economics, Duke University; Katrina vanden 
Heuvel, Editor and Publisher, The Nation; Gary Dorrien, Reinhold Niebuhr
 Professor of Social Ethics, Union Theological Seminary; ; Michael 
Lighty, Director of Public Policy, California Nurses’ 
Association/National Nurses United; Chris Policano, Director of 
Communications, AFSCME.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Conference Welcome:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt; 
Robert Pollack, Director, Columbia University Seminars Program&amp;nbsp; Panel 
Chairs: June Zaccone, Assoc. Prof. Emerita of Economics, Hofstra 
University; Eduardo Rosario, Executive Board, Labor Council for Latin 
American Advancement (NYC Chapter); Chuck Bell, Programs Director, 
Consumers Union; Logan Martinez, Outreach Coordinator, National Jobs for
 All Coalition&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;b&gt;Concluding Remarks:&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp; Peter Marcuse, Prof. 
Emeritus of Urban Planning, Columbia University, co-editor Cities for 
People, Not for Profit, and Searching for the Just City.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To view the Program for this event, visit &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.economicbillofrights.net/&quot;&gt;www.EconomicBillofRights.net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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To register for this event, please visit:&lt;br /&gt;
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More information?&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Please email us at:&amp;nbsp; economicbillofrights [at] yahoo.com&lt;br /&gt;
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www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/09/fri-oct-18-economic-bill-of-rights-for.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzPvn_05zZOK3lAkAFbVqUczY0t2HahhoTMNd5qjf9mxa6ja2rsDOBrry2og2Nl1gcRrE5_5NT_bZ6LF6j1PR3uMVfC2m327vqVVAIZJKakIUelPA4thyulaCPuM-EvA_l33WpOuT0vw4/s72-c/ebor-jpeg.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-2063301262796241752</guid><pubDate>Fri, 06 Sep 2013 00:27:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-09-05T17:29:17.635-07:00</atom:updated><title>From 1963 to 2013: NPQ&#39;s Economic Progress Quiz</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
Cross-posted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/policysocial-context/22812-the-march-for-jobs-and-freedom-from-1963-to-2013-npq-s-economic-progress-quiz.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nonprofit Quarterly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;h1 class=&quot;contentheading&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 26px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; text-align: -webkit-auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/policysocial-context/22812-the-march-for-jobs-and-freedom-from-1963-to-2013-npq-s-economic-progress-quiz.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #f47b27; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;From 1963 to 2013: NPQ’s Economic Progress Quiz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;article-top clearfix&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 0px; clear: both; color: #838282; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: 1em; margin: 5px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;

&lt;dl class=&quot;article-info&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; float: left; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 441px;&quot;&gt;&lt;dd class=&quot;createdby&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; float: left; line-height: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WRITTEN BY&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;author_disabled&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/author.html?id=51303&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #838282; cursor: text; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CHUCK BELL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;dd class=&quot;create&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; float: left; line-height: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CREATED ON&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WEDNESDAY, 28 AUGUST 2013 13:07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;article-tools clearfix&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; clear: both; color: #838282; float: none; font-size: 10px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-transform: lowercase; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;img alt=&quot;MArch&quot; src=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/images/stories/Wash-March-Jobs-Freedom.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The March for Jobs and Freedom—From 1963 to 2013&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;NPQ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;’s Economic Progress Quiz&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The March for Jobs and Freedom in 1963 had a very strong emphasis on jobs and economic equality.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
As recounted by John Branston at the&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Memphis CityBeat&lt;/i&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.memphisflyer.com/CityBeat/archives/2013/08/20/revisiting-the-march&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the marchers demanded&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;“a massive federal program to train and place all unemployed workers—Negro and white—on meaningful and dignified jobs at decent wages.” They also demanded a “a national minimum wage act that will give all Americans a decent standard of living. (Government surveys show that anything less than $2 an hour fails to do this.)” They demanded an extension of the Fair Labor Standards Act to include all areas of employment that were presently excluded, and a federal Fair Employment Practices Act that would bar discrimination by federal, state, and municipal governments, and by employers, contractors, employment agencies, and trade unions.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
How far have we come in the past fifty years? Take this brief quiz and see for yourself.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part I: Unemployment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1) Was the unemployment rate in 1963 higher or lower than it is today?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;higher&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;lower&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;about the same&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;they didn’t keep labor statistics then&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: a) lower&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The unemployment rate for the workforce as a whole was actually lower in 1963 than it is today. In 1963, the official unemployment rate for the workforce as a whole was&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/unemployment-rate&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;5.7 percent&lt;/a&gt;. In July 2013,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/jobnews.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the official national unemployment rate was 7.4 percent&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;2) In 1963, the unemployment rate was 5 percent for whites and about 11 percent for blacks. How has the racial gap in unemployment changed since 1963?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it was completely eliminated&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it was reduced by over 50 percent&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it was reduced by 25 percent&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it is about the same&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d) it is about the same&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
As is recorded in “&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.epi.org/files/2013/EPI-The-Unfinished-March-An-Overview.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The Unfinished March: An Overview&lt;/a&gt;” by Algernon Austin for the Economic Policy Institute, “In 1963, the black unemployment rate was…2.2 times the white rate.” Black people were over twice as likely to be unemployed as white people. “The ratio of the black unemployment rate to the white unemployment rate has changed little in the intervening decades, ranging from about 2 times to 2.5 times the white rate. In 2012, the ratio was 2.1 (the white unemployment rate was 6.6 percent, compared with 14.0 percent for black unemployment).”&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Even when the national unemployment rate has been low, the unemployment rate for African Americans has remained high. For example, in 2000, at the end of the Clinton years, though the national unemployment rate was 4.0 percent, and the non-Hispanic white unemployment rate was 3.1 percent, the unemployment rate of non-Hispanic blacks was still 7.6 percent.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In fact, the average annual unemployment rate closely tracks the 1963 disparity. The average annual unemployment rate for white people over the last 50 years since 1963 has been 5.1 percent. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/08/19/charts-the-economic-gap-between-blacks-and-whites-hasnt-budged-for-50-years/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;average annual unemployment rate for blacks&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;has been 11.5 percent. This consistently high rate for blacks is significantly worse than the most recent peak in the national unemployment rate of over 9.5 percent in 2009. The recession in 2009 was considered a serious unemployment crisis demanding the immediate attention of Congress and the President, leading to the enactment of an emergency stimulus package of $787 billion.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;3) Who does the Bureau of Labor Statistics currently count as unemployed?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;unemployed people actively looking for work in the prior 4 weeks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;part-time workers who want a full-time job, but can’t find one&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;unemployed people who want jobs, but are not actively looking&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;all of the above&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: a) unemployed people actively looking for work in the prior 4 weeks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The official unemployment rate of 7.4 percent in July 2013&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/us4.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;does not include&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;those underemployed people who work part-time and who may want full-time jobs, or those who are not actively looking for work.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Because of the growth in the population, and more women working, the labor force has grown over time. Six million Americans were officially unemployed in 1963. Fifty years later, in July 2013, 11.5 million people were counted as being officially unemployed. So we have nearly twice as many people unemployed now as we did in 1963.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In July 2013, there were also 14.8 million other people who are considered to be among the “hidden unemployed.” 8.2 million people worked part-time because they couldn’t find a full-time job. Another 6.6 million people wanted jobs but were not actively looking, of which about 2.4 million had searched for work in the prior 12 months, and were available for work during the reference week.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Taken together, 26.3 million people, or 16.2 percent of the labor force need jobs. Currently, there are approximately seven job seekers for every available opening.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
(For purposes of calculating the unemployment rate, the approximately 2.3 million Americans in prison are not counted, even though they will likely need jobs if and when they get out of jail.)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part II: Minimum Wage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;4) At the time of the 1963 march, what was the national minimum wage?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$1.00&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$1.15&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$2.75&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$5.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/whd/minwage/chart.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1.15&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;5) What is the federal minimum wage in 2013?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$5.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$7.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$8.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$10.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/wages/minimumwage.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$7.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;25&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;6) After adjusting for inflation, how much would the 1963 minimum wage of $1.15 an hour be worth in today’s dollars?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$4.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$6.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$8.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$10.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: c) $8.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
After adjusting for inflation, R.J. Eskow computes that 1963’s minimum wage would be $8.37 in contemporary dollars—&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rj-eskow/a-dream-deferred-the-mini_b_3820416.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;and that’s higher than the current federal minimum wage&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;of $7.25.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
On July 24, 2009,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://epi.3cdn.net/a6e6514b1f17bf3c47_tym6bh182.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the federal minimum wage was increased to its current level, $7.25 per hour&lt;/a&gt;. This was the final step of a three-step increase passed in 2007, when the minimum wage was only $5.15. In this last step, about 4.5 million workers received a raise, providing an additional $1.6 billion annually in increased wages. However, once adjusted for inflation, the new federal minimum was still less than the minimum wage through most of the period from 1961 to 1981.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;7) At the 1963 March for Jobs and Freedom, the marchers demanded an increase of the minimum wage to $2.00 an hour. If they had achieved this increase, how much would that $2.00 minimum wage be worth in today’s dollars?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$9.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;11.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$13.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$15.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d) $15.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The march’s key civil rights demands were met in 1964 and 1965 with the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. But these economic demands were never met. Ross Eisenbrey of EPI tells us that “The minimum wage was raised to $1.25 in Sept. 1963, but it didn’t reach $2.00 an hour until 1974, by which time inflation had shrunk its value back to 1963 levels.”&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
At its highest point (in inflation-adjusted dollars) the minimum wage was worth $9.44 in 1968. It’s 23 percent lower now. And despite those who claim that a higher minimum wage leads to greater unemployment, the official unemployment figure in August of 1968 was 3.5 percent—less than half the current rate of 7.4 percent.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Dean Baker and Will Kimball, writing for the Center for Economic and Policy Research, demonstrate in their piece “&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cepr.net/index.php/blogs/cepr-blog/the-minimum-wage-and-economic-growth&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;The Minimum Wage and Economic Growth&lt;/a&gt;” that the minimum wage has fallen behind as worker productivity increased. Had it kept pace, the minimum wage in 2012 dollars would be $16.54 an hour.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In 2011, a full-time, year-round worker would need to earn $11.06 an hour to keep a family of four above the poverty line. More than a third of non-Hispanic black workers—36 percent—&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.epi.org/publication/unfinished-march-overview/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;don’t earn wages that high&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
22 million people fell below the poverty line in 1963, while 50 million fell below the poverty rate in 2012.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;8) When was the minimum wage for tipped workers last increased?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1968&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1991&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1994&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;2008&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b) 1991&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The minimum wage for tipped workers&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rocunited.org/action-center/wages/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;has not been increased for 22 years&lt;/a&gt;. Experts estimate that about&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rocunited.org/action-center/wages/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;14.5 percent of food service workers live in poverty&lt;/a&gt;, including 16.7 percent of waiters.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part III: Income for Whites and Blacks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;9) What percentage of the white median income did black households earn in 1968?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;40%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;75%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: c) 60%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;10) What percentage of white median income did black households earn in 2010?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;37%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;57%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;87%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;97%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b) 57%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In the period between 1968 and 1980,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://faireconomy.org/sites/default/files/State_of_the_Dream_2012.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;black median income relative to the median income of whites declined from 60 percent to about 57 percent&lt;/a&gt;. It reached 62 percent in the year 2000, as unemployment rates trended down, and it has since fallen back to about 57 percent of white median income. Latino families also have a median income of about 57 percent of white median income in 2010.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;11) In 2009, the median White American had $98,000 in&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;net worth&lt;/i&gt;, defined as assets (such as home equity, investments, retirement savings) minus debts. How much did the median Black American have in net worth?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$88,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$42,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$21,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$2,200&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stanford.edu/group/scspi/slides/Wealth.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;$2,200&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part IV: The Fair Labor Standards Act&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;12) According to the FLSA, what is the current federal minimum wage for workers who receive tips?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$2.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$4.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$5.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$7.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: a) $2.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) requires payment of at least the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/elaws/esa/flsa/minwage.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;federal minimum wage&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;to&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/whd/regs/compliance/whdfs14.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;covered&lt;/a&gt;, nonexempt employees. However, an employer of a tipped employee is only required to pay $2.13 an hour in direct wages, provided that amount plus any tips received at least equals the federal minimum wage, the employee retains all tips, and the employee customarily and regularly receives more than $30 a month in tips. If an employee’s tips combined with the employer’s direct wages of at least $2.13 an hour do not equal the federal minimum hourly wage, the employer must make up the difference.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Some&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/whd/state/state.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;states&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;have minimum wage laws specific to tipped employees. When an employee is subject to both the federal and state wage laws, the employee is entitled to the provisions which provides the greater benefits.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;13) What types of workers are excluded from the overtime and minimum wage provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;home care workers&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;farmworkers&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;executive, administrative, professional, and computer employees&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;all of the above&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d) all of the above&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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FLSA, originally enacted in 1938, guarantees most workers a minimum wage for each hour worked. FLSA also provides for overtime pay by requiring that most employees who work more than 40 hours in a workweek be paid one and one-half times the regular rate of pay for each hour over forty hours per week. FLSA further requires employers to comply with recordkeeping requirements, including maintaining payroll records for employees.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Since its enactment,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rhrealitycheck.org/article/2013/06/26/race-and-the-fair-labor-standards-act-75-years-later-vestiges-of-racism-persist/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;home care workers have been excluded from the overtime and minimum wage provisions of the FLSA&lt;/a&gt;. Former Labor Secretary Hilda Solis, working with domestic workers’ advocates, proposed new regulations in 2012 that would undo this “companionship exemption” and apply federal minimum wage and overtime laws to caregivers.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Also, until 1966, the FLSA&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.farmworkerjustice.org/advocacy-and-programs/us-labor-law-farmworkers&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;excluded farmworkers&lt;/a&gt;. FLSA now applies the minimum wage and recordkeeping provisions to most agricultural workers and employers. Agricultural workers who are paid on a piecework basis rather than an hourly basis are entitled to receive the minimum wage -- their average earnings should be sufficient to yield an average hourly wage at least equivalent to the minimum wage. The overtime pay provisions of FLSA still do not apply to farmworkers, though. Further, the many agricultural workers employed on smaller farms—any farm that employs fewer than roughly seven workers in a calendar quarter—are not even protected by the minimum wage provisions of the FLSA.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The FSLA also does not apply to certain types of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/free-books/employee-rights-book/chapter2-2.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;administrative, office and computer work&lt;/a&gt;, which may pose difficulties for certain types of workers who fall into these categories.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
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From the foregoing, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that Black people in America live in a permanent, never-ending recession that is not taken seriously by political leaders and economic policymakers. Life is a permanent state of emergency for all American workers who are unemployed, underemployed and underpaid. Further, it seems that workers and communities will need to be highly organized and insistent to secure the modest, highly reasonable economic justice demands made by the civil rights marchers in 1963.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Several weeks before his death in 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., told a group of santiation workers in Memphis:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0.5in 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
“Now our struggle is for genuine equality, which means economic equality. For we know now that it isn’t enough to integrate lunch counters. What does it profit a man to be able to eat at an integrated lunch counter if he doesn’t have enough money to buy a hamburger?”&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
With increased spending on the war in Vietnam, less resources were made available for the War on Poverty and public job creation. Government action to create jobs and reduce poverty became a non-priority. Direct government creation programs, such as CETA, ended in 1982 after the election of President Reagan. Today, many conservatives and liberals alike believe that “government can’t create jobs.” Many seem to think the private sector will create all the jobs we need. But with 26 million Americans in search of work, it seems unlikely private market forces will close the gap anytime soon.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Given that our communities have so many unmet needs, it’s time to think about closing America’s other gaping deficits: the deficit of good living wage jobs, and the deficit of underinvestment in infrastructure and public services. If we were meeting America’s needs for roads, bridges, schools, water systems, clean energy, affordable housing, home care, child care and afterschool programs, all of us would be working—and then some.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Chuck Bell is Vice-Chair for the National Jobs for All Coalition, based in Lynbrook, New York. NJFAC is a national organization working to create a new national movement for full employment. NJFAC participated in the 50th Anniversary March for Jobs and Freedom on August 24. With the coalition’s support,&amp;nbsp;Rep. John Conyers (D-MI) has introduced HR 1000,&amp;nbsp;the 21st Century Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment and Training Act, to provide a living wage job for everyone who wants one. For more info, visit&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;www.NJFAC.org&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;We are proud to say that&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Chuck Bell is also the chair of the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;NPQ&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;board of directors.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;article-meta-wrap compPlgTerms-wrap&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; clear: both; margin: 15px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;article-meta-content compPlgTerms-content clearfix&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #555555; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 6px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Terms:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;terms&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/all-site-terms/term/summary/106.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Democratic Activism&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/all-site-terms/term/summary/116.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Inequality&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Direct Link &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h1 class=&quot;contentheading&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 26px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/policysocial-context/22812-the-march-for-jobs-and-freedom-from-1963-to-2013-npq-s-economic-progress-quiz.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #f47b27; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;From 1963 to 2013: NPQ’s Economic Progress Quiz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
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&lt;dl class=&quot;article-info&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; float: left; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 441px;&quot;&gt;&lt;dd class=&quot;createdby&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; float: left; line-height: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WRITTEN BY&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;author_disabled&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/author.html?id=51303&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #838282; cursor: text; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CHUCK BELL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;dd class=&quot;create&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; float: left; line-height: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CREATED ON&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WEDNESDAY, 28 AUGUST 2013 13:07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt;
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vertical-align: baseline; width: 1px !important;&quot;&gt;More Sharing Services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;comment-icon&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/policysocial-context/22812-the-march-for-jobs-and-freedom-from-1963-to-2013-npq-s-economic-progress-quiz.html#jac-wrapper&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url(http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/templates/ja_t3_blank/images/comment-lrg.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border: 0px; color: #005081; display: block; float: right; height: 30px; left: -300px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration: none; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 39px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;MArch&quot; src=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/images/stories/Wash-March-Jobs-Freedom.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The March for Jobs and Freedom—From 1963 to 2013&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;NPQ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;’s Economic Progress Quiz&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The March for Jobs and Freedom in 1963 had a very strong emphasis on jobs and economic equality.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
As recounted by John Branston at the&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Memphis CityBeat&lt;/i&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.memphisflyer.com/CityBeat/archives/2013/08/20/revisiting-the-march&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the marchers demanded&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;“a massive federal program to train and place all unemployed workers—Negro and white—on meaningful and dignified jobs at decent wages.” They also demanded a “a national minimum wage act that will give all Americans a decent standard of living. (Government surveys show that anything less than $2 an hour fails to do this.)” They demanded an extension of the Fair Labor Standards Act to include all areas of employment that were presently excluded, and a federal Fair Employment Practices Act that would bar discrimination by federal, state, and municipal governments, and by employers, contractors, employment agencies, and trade unions.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
How far have we come in the past fifty years? Take this brief quiz and see for yourself.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part I: Unemployment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1) Was the unemployment rate in 1963 higher or lower than it is today?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;higher&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;lower&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;about the same&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;they didn’t keep labor statistics then&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: a) lower&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The unemployment rate for the workforce as a whole was actually lower in 1963 than it is today. In 1963, the official unemployment rate for the workforce as a whole was&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/unemployment-rate&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;5.7 percent&lt;/a&gt;. In July 2013,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/jobnews.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the official national unemployment rate was 7.4 percent&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;2) In 1963, the unemployment rate was 5 percent for whites and about 11 percent for blacks. How has the racial gap in unemployment changed since 1963?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it was completely eliminated&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it was reduced by over 50 percent&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it was reduced by 25 percent&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;it is about the same&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d) it is about the same&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
As is recorded in “&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.epi.org/files/2013/EPI-The-Unfinished-March-An-Overview.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The Unfinished March: An Overview&lt;/a&gt;” by Algernon Austin for the Economic Policy Institute, “In 1963, the black unemployment rate was…2.2 times the white rate.” Black people were over twice as likely to be unemployed as white people. “The ratio of the black unemployment rate to the white unemployment rate has changed little in the intervening decades, ranging from about 2 times to 2.5 times the white rate. In 2012, the ratio was 2.1 (the white unemployment rate was 6.6 percent, compared with 14.0 percent for black unemployment).”&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Even when the national unemployment rate has been low, the unemployment rate for African Americans has remained high. For example, in 2000, at the end of the Clinton years, though the national unemployment rate was 4.0 percent, and the non-Hispanic white unemployment rate was 3.1 percent, the unemployment rate of non-Hispanic blacks was still 7.6 percent.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In fact, the average annual unemployment rate closely tracks the 1963 disparity. The average annual unemployment rate for white people over the last 50 years since 1963 has been 5.1 percent. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/08/19/charts-the-economic-gap-between-blacks-and-whites-hasnt-budged-for-50-years/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;average annual unemployment rate for blacks&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;has been 11.5 percent. This consistently high rate for blacks is significantly worse than the most recent peak in the national unemployment rate of over 9.5 percent in 2009. The recession in 2009 was considered a serious unemployment crisis demanding the immediate attention of Congress and the President, leading to the enactment of an emergency stimulus package of $787 billion.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;3) Who does the Bureau of Labor Statistics currently count as unemployed?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;unemployed people actively looking for work in the prior 4 weeks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;part-time workers who want a full-time job, but can’t find one&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;unemployed people who want jobs, but are not actively looking&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;all of the above&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: a) unemployed people actively looking for work in the prior 4 weeks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The official unemployment rate of 7.4 percent in July 2013&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/us4.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;does not include&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;those underemployed people who work part-time and who may want full-time jobs, or those who are not actively looking for work.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Because of the growth in the population, and more women working, the labor force has grown over time. Six million Americans were officially unemployed in 1963. Fifty years later, in July 2013, 11.5 million people were counted as being officially unemployed. So we have nearly twice as many people unemployed now as we did in 1963.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In July 2013, there were also 14.8 million other people who are considered to be among the “hidden unemployed.” 8.2 million people worked part-time because they couldn’t find a full-time job. Another 6.6 million people wanted jobs but were not actively looking, of which about 2.4 million had searched for work in the prior 12 months, and were available for work during the reference week.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Taken together, 26.3 million people, or 16.2 percent of the labor force need jobs. Currently, there are approximately seven job seekers for every available opening.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
(For purposes of calculating the unemployment rate, the approximately 2.3 million Americans in prison are not counted, even though they will likely need jobs if and when they get out of jail.)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part II: Minimum Wage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;4) At the time of the 1963 march, what was the national minimum wage?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$1.00&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$1.15&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$2.75&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$5.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/whd/minwage/chart.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1.15&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;5) What is the federal minimum wage in 2013?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$5.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$7.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$8.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$10.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/wages/minimumwage.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$7.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;25&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;6) After adjusting for inflation, how much would the 1963 minimum wage of $1.15 an hour be worth in today’s dollars?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$4.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$6.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$8.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$10.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: c) $8.37&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
After adjusting for inflation, R.J. Eskow computes that 1963’s minimum wage would be $8.37 in contemporary dollars—&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rj-eskow/a-dream-deferred-the-mini_b_3820416.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;and that’s higher than the current federal minimum wage&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;of $7.25.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
On July 24, 2009,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://epi.3cdn.net/a6e6514b1f17bf3c47_tym6bh182.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;the federal minimum wage was increased to its current level, $7.25 per hour&lt;/a&gt;. This was the final step of a three-step increase passed in 2007, when the minimum wage was only $5.15. In this last step, about 4.5 million workers received a raise, providing an additional $1.6 billion annually in increased wages. However, once adjusted for inflation, the new federal minimum was still less than the minimum wage through most of the period from 1961 to 1981.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Default&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;7) At the 1963 March for Jobs and Freedom, the marchers demanded an increase of the minimum wage to $2.00 an hour. If they had achieved this increase, how much would that $2.00 minimum wage be worth in today’s dollars?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$9.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;11.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$13.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$15.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d) $15.33&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The march’s key civil rights demands were met in 1964 and 1965 with the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. But these economic demands were never met. Ross Eisenbrey of EPI tells us that “The minimum wage was raised to $1.25 in Sept. 1963, but it didn’t reach $2.00 an hour until 1974, by which time inflation had shrunk its value back to 1963 levels.”&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
At its highest point (in inflation-adjusted dollars) the minimum wage was worth $9.44 in 1968. It’s 23 percent lower now. And despite those who claim that a higher minimum wage leads to greater unemployment, the official unemployment figure in August of 1968 was 3.5 percent—less than half the current rate of 7.4 percent.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Dean Baker and Will Kimball, writing for the Center for Economic and Policy Research, demonstrate in their piece “&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cepr.net/index.php/blogs/cepr-blog/the-minimum-wage-and-economic-growth&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;The Minimum Wage and Economic Growth&lt;/a&gt;” that the minimum wage has fallen behind as worker productivity increased. Had it kept pace, the minimum wage in 2012 dollars would be $16.54 an hour.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In 2011, a full-time, year-round worker would need to earn $11.06 an hour to keep a family of four above the poverty line. More than a third of non-Hispanic black workers—36 percent—&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.epi.org/publication/unfinished-march-overview/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;don’t earn wages that high&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
22 million people fell below the poverty line in 1963, while 50 million fell below the poverty rate in 2012.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;8) When was the minimum wage for tipped workers last increased?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1968&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1991&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1994&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;2008&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b) 1991&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The minimum wage for tipped workers&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rocunited.org/action-center/wages/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;has not been increased for 22 years&lt;/a&gt;. Experts estimate that about&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rocunited.org/action-center/wages/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;14.5 percent of food service workers live in poverty&lt;/a&gt;, including 16.7 percent of waiters.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part III: Income for Whites and Blacks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;9) What percentage of the white median income did black households earn in 1968?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;40%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;60%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;75%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: c) 60%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;10) What percentage of white median income did black households earn in 2010?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;37%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;57%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;87%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;97%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: b) 57%&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
In the period between 1968 and 1980,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://faireconomy.org/sites/default/files/State_of_the_Dream_2012.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;black median income relative to the median income of whites declined from 60 percent to about 57 percent&lt;/a&gt;. It reached 62 percent in the year 2000, as unemployment rates trended down, and it has since fallen back to about 57 percent of white median income. Latino families also have a median income of about 57 percent of white median income in 2010.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;11) In 2009, the median White American had $98,000 in&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;net worth&lt;/i&gt;, defined as assets (such as home equity, investments, retirement savings) minus debts. How much did the median Black American have in net worth?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$88,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$42,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$21,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$2,200&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stanford.edu/group/scspi/slides/Wealth.pdf&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;$2,200&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Part IV: The Fair Labor Standards Act&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;12) According to the FLDA, what is the current federal minimum wage for workers who receive tips?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$2.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$4.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$5.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;$7.25&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: a) $2.13&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) requires payment of at least the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/elaws/esa/flsa/minwage.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;federal minimum wage&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;to&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/whd/regs/compliance/whdfs14.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;covered&lt;/a&gt;, nonexempt employees. However, an employer of a tipped employee is only required to pay $2.13 an hour in direct wages, provided that amount plus any tips received at least equals the federal minimum wage, the employee retains all tips, and the employee customarily and regularly receives more than $30 a month in tips. If an employee’s tips combined with the employer’s direct wages of at least $2.13 an hour do not equal the federal minimum hourly wage, the employer must make up the difference.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Some&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dol.gov/whd/state/state.htm&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;states&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;have minimum wage laws specific to tipped employees. When an employee is subject to both the federal and state wage laws, the employee is entitled to the provisions which provides the greater benefits.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;13) What types of workers are excluded from the overtime and minimum wage provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;border: 0px; list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;home care workers&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;farmworkers&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;executive, administrative, professional, and computer employees&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;all of the above&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ANSWER: d) all of the above&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
FLSA, originally enacted in 1938, guarantees most workers a minimum wage for each hour worked. FLSA also provides for overtime pay by requiring that most employees who work more than 40 hours in a workweek be paid one and one-half times the regular rate of pay for each hour over forty hours per week. FLSA further requires employers to comply with recordkeeping requirements, including maintaining payroll records for employees.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Since its enactment,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rhrealitycheck.org/article/2013/06/26/race-and-the-fair-labor-standards-act-75-years-later-vestiges-of-racism-persist/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;home care workers have been excluded from the overtime and minimum wage provisions of the FLSA&lt;/a&gt;. Former Labor Secretary Hilda Solis, working with domestic workers’ advocates, proposed new regulations in 2012 that would undo this “companionship exemption” and apply federal minimum wage and overtime laws to caregivers.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Also, until 1966, the FLSA&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.farmworkerjustice.org/advocacy-and-programs/us-labor-law-farmworkers&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;excluded farmworkers&lt;/a&gt;. FLSA now applies the minimum wage and recordkeeping provisions to most agricultural workers and employers. Agricultural workers who are paid on a piecework basis rather than an hourly basis are entitled to receive the minimum wage -- their average earnings should be sufficient to yield an average hourly wage at least equivalent to the minimum wage. The overtime pay provisions of FLSA still do not apply to farmworkers, though. Further, the many agricultural workers employed on smaller farms—any farm that employs fewer than roughly seven workers in a calendar quarter—are not even protected by the minimum wage provisions of the FLSA.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
The FSLA also does not apply to certain types of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/free-books/employee-rights-book/chapter2-2.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;administrative, office and computer work&lt;/a&gt;, which may pose difficulties for certain types of workers who fall into these categories.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 5px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
From the foregoing, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that Black people in America live in a permanent, never-ending recession that is not taken seriously by political leaders and economic policymakers. Life is a permanent state of emergency for all American workers who are unemployed, underemployed and underpaid. Further, it seems that workers and communities will need to be highly organized and insistent to secure the modest, highly reasonable economic justice demands made by the civil rights marchers in 1963.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Several weeks before his death in 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., told a group of santiation workers in Memphis:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0in 0.5in 10pt; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
“Now our struggle is for genuine equality, which means economic equality. For we know now that it isn’t enough to integrate lunch counters. What does it profit a man to be able to eat at an integrated lunch counter if he doesn’t have enough money to buy a hamburger?”&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
With increased spending on the war in Vietnam, less resources were made available for the War on Poverty and public job creation. Government action to create jobs and reduce poverty became a non-priority. Direct government creation programs, such as CETA, ended in 1982 after the election of President Reagan. Today, many conservatives and liberals alike believe that “government can’t create jobs.” Many seem to think the private sector will create all the jobs we need. But with 26 million Americans in search of work, it seems unlikely private market forces will close the gap anytime soon.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
Given that our communities have so many unmet needs, it’s time to think about closing America’s other gaping deficits: the deficit of good living wage jobs, and the deficit of underinvestment in infrastructure and public services. If we were meeting America’s needs for roads, bridges, schools, water systems, clean energy, affordable housing, home care, child care and afterschool programs, all of us would be working—and then some.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Chuck Bell is Vice-Chair for the National Jobs for All Coalition, based in Lynbrook, New York. NJFAC is a national organization working to create a new national movement for full employment. NJFAC participated in the 50th Anniversary March for Jobs and Freedom on August 24. With the coalition’s support,&amp;nbsp;Rep. John Conyers (D-MI) has introduced HR 1000,&amp;nbsp;the 21st Century Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment and Training Act, to provide a living wage job for everyone who wants one. For more info, visit&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;www.NJFAC.org&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;We are proud to say that&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Chuck Bell is also the chair of the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;NPQ&lt;i style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;board of directors.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;article-meta-content compPlgTerms-content clearfix&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #555555; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 6px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Terms:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;terms&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/all-site-terms/term/summary/106.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Democratic Activism&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/all-site-terms/term/summary/116.html&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; color: #005081; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Inequality&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Read more news and commentary from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nonprofit Quarterly&lt;/a&gt; at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/09/from-1963-to-2013-npqs-economic.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-5603439605483302164</guid><pubDate>Sun, 19 May 2013 13:35:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-05-19T06:35:33.790-07:00</atom:updated><title>Student debt weighs on overall economy</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
Cross-posted from USA Today&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/05/19/student-debt-weighs-on-overall-economy/2321133/&quot;&gt;Student debt weighs on overall economy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Cliff Peale, Cincinnati Enquirer, 5-19-13&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;lead-in&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;The loans that gave college students the funds they needed to move forward in life are now holding them back.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
CINCINNATI -- Mary Knauff would like to start saving money, for retirement or for some future spending.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But because of about $28,000 in student loans, which she&#39;s paid down to about $17,000, the 2010 Xavier University graduate will continue living paycheck to paycheck.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&quot;It&#39;s sort of disheartening,&quot; said Knauff, 25. &quot;I knew going in that I was going to a private school. Especially when you&#39;re trying to get started, when loans take up a third of your living expenses, it&#39;s frustrating.&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That delay in buying cars and condos, in starting families and savings accounts, reveals the true cost of student debt, to graduates such as Knauff and to the larger economy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/05/19/student-debt-weighs-on-overall-economy/2321133/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/05/student-debt-weighs-on-overall-economy.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-2553462520175451802</guid><pubDate>Thu, 07 Mar 2013 00:23:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-04-06T16:23:25.013-07:00</atom:updated><title>HR 1000 reintroduced on March 6!</title><description>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyZ1Ni6UsU-C0JuP9bUjf1XlOgzLopD5NWVFK_skaP-jVbCqczlYSCES11Y46n68H6zfS_Qxf2px40zusfcqVhJ7z_qVrQf0Qe-W5J1hDI_8xHIxPrGHkZdp-kNTrf11jRA2zZTev5eLc/s1600/HR+1000+bill.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/D?d113:1:./temp/~bdNkQ7:@@@L&amp;amp;summ2=m&amp;amp;|/home/LegislativeData.php|&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;HR 1000, the Humphrey-Hawkins 21st Century Full Employment and Training Ac&lt;/a&gt;t, was reintroduced by Rep. John Conyers (D-MI)
on March 6, 2013.&amp;nbsp; This transformative federal legislation would create a
national public service jobs program to complement job creation efforts in the
private and nonprofit sectors.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Most notably, the bill &quot;&lt;i&gt;aims to provide
a job to any American that seeks work, and to ultimately, create a full
employment society&lt;/i&gt;.&quot;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
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HR 1000 creates a national &quot;Full Employment and Training Trust Fund,&quot;
funded by a small Financial Transactions Tax on stock, bond and derivatives
transactions. This would create a major new national funding source large
enough to create 2.5 to 4 million jobs in the first two years of the program.
The bill would also provide much additional funding to support innovative job
training programs, such as one-stop career centers, YouthBuild and Job Corps,
among others.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
(Previous versions of HR 1000 were introduced in 2010 and 2011 (HR 870 and HR 4277)). &lt;/div&gt;
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For more information, read &lt;a href=&quot;http://njfac.org/wpb/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/HR1000.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;HR 1000&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://njfac.org/wpb/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/HR-1000-summary.doc&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;bill summary&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://njfac.org/wpb/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/HR1000.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbT4icpXgdidVomVxcPgkhetHmOWziT_gJVBGH00DA9e_cGtLo-AuIrk6f8QBDtzFMowyF9cJC3x2t4dZok4cKtAsRFVjb4SNfqhCWqOUQHTmihqJWsnGbopE7jVc8FHMsKANWVeUFAgY/s320/HR+1000+bill.JPG&quot; width=&quot;248&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://njfac.org/wpb/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/HR1000.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Download Full Text of HR 1000 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://njfac.org/wpb/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/HR-1000-summary.doc&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtv4HlBgl5d30Eg8_kzqhgwyDysLDX9d6gOPS8-rF-zYvVcDNQnLeZHZuNZz05BIZUWLwxmlYiPLK-Nieeqmh9IblDnbw4SawVqW8DwreCcmkgLLXovxerOjDfr1M9KMwBSaa1iGTwl5o/s320/HR+1000+Fact+Sheet.JPG&quot; width=&quot;259&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPY79pN1vJP5F6HcenebrmQp3x_EI3TQPAe8RJdhvrcP3Q_2WDtXTS8PXzNukFEMGUlGVoH0x6mlMgPK2zqgKhVbgFaXG34UtxtcTGu5IYMhpFOuuZTjtuhIdBz-12_H-28mRxtiSLjpM/s1600/HR+1000+Fact+Sheet.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyZ1Ni6UsU-C0JuP9bUjf1XlOgzLopD5NWVFK_skaP-jVbCqczlYSCES11Y46n68H6zfS_Qxf2px40zusfcqVhJ7z_qVrQf0Qe-W5J1hDI_8xHIxPrGHkZdp-kNTrf11jRA2zZTev5eLc/s1600/HR+1000+bill.JPG&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPY79pN1vJP5F6HcenebrmQp3x_EI3TQPAe8RJdhvrcP3Q_2WDtXTS8PXzNukFEMGUlGVoH0x6mlMgPK2zqgKhVbgFaXG34UtxtcTGu5IYMhpFOuuZTjtuhIdBz-12_H-28mRxtiSLjpM/s1600/HR+1000+Fact+Sheet.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;Download Bill Summary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/03/hr-1000-reintroduced-on-march-6.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbT4icpXgdidVomVxcPgkhetHmOWziT_gJVBGH00DA9e_cGtLo-AuIrk6f8QBDtzFMowyF9cJC3x2t4dZok4cKtAsRFVjb4SNfqhCWqOUQHTmihqJWsnGbopE7jVc8FHMsKANWVeUFAgY/s72-c/HR+1000+bill.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7810219398063192878</guid><pubDate>Sun, 10 Feb 2013 14:29:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-04-06T16:25:06.517-07:00</atom:updated><title>Sign our Petition to Create a National Jobs Program!!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Poster from the WPA Work Programs of the 1930s&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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Join the movement for Jobs for All by &lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blastroots.com/campaign/put-america-to-work&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;signing a petition&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;to Congress to enact HR 1000, the Humphrey Hawkins 21st Century Full Employment and Training Act, introduced by Rep. John Conyers (D-MI).&lt;/div&gt;
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Promote the link to the petition:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blastroots.com/campaign/put-america-to-work&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.blastroots.com/campaign/put-america-to-work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2013/02/sign-our-petition-to-create-national.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKHXc-wpP29cbV4tpJFy4oupRn2wqxr6loLXQFsqJNkM18_LmpsvYUebE4FqSL7vO2NLRpt-NnarnOT1lmGn54h_o0LPvN63j19G3HVJJPferct47eFCj1MmP5SD8W-BU-HoMwY47FUrNj/s72-c/Work+Pays+America.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-1680587603679217385</guid><pubDate>Thu, 20 Dec 2012 00:21:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-19T16:23:22.205-08:00</atom:updated><title>Artstrike!!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Dec. 19, 2012 is ARTSTRIKE — a day of action to share
powerful art and music that can convince our friends that more cuts and tax
breaks aren’t the answer. Artists from across the country have come together to
make their voices heard. It couldn&#39;t come at a more urgent time, as Washington,
D.C. nears a deal that would slash Social Security and raises taxes on the poor
and middle class. Check out a few of my favorites below, and help me share them
far and wide.&amp;nbsp;music that can convince our friends that more cuts and tax
breaks aren’t the answer. Artists from across the country have come together to
make their voices heard. It couldn&#39;t come at a more urgent time, as Washington,
D.C. nears a deal that would slash Social Security and raises taxes on the poor
and middle class. Check out a few of my favorites below, and help me share them
far and wide.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/12/artstrike-takes-on-prophets-of-austerity.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfRH4VulssyWegWwuDzxdhIeAedYxiCfqJmhSyyLOrb7mWHwTFGIHLuuJLOpzapIRV8pcpCs5L6DffB4kQL-uvb82X63WwCe-2YHkSrfECvoYdr0_zwGTdqBQkmIh4z9w4k1AAGAUG6rSW/s72-c/tumblr_mf5ydeVkgj1rmddcro1_400.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-5086265300021023323</guid><pubDate>Tue, 18 Dec 2012 04:11:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-17T20:11:26.776-08:00</atom:updated><title>Without deal, unemployment checks stop Dec. 29</title><description>&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2012/12/17/extended-unemployment-benefits/1775065/&quot;&gt;Without deal, unemployment checks stop Dec. 29&lt;/a&gt;:&#39;&lt;br /&gt;
Paul Davidson, USA Today, 12/17/12&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&quot;...About 2.1 million Americans will lose their extended jobless benefits on Dec. 29, leaving many on the brink of poverty, if Washington doesn&#39;t renew them as part of a deal on the package of tax increases and spending cuts known as the &quot;fiscal cliff.&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An additional 930,000 people will run out of unemployment insurance in early 2013 when their 26 weeks, give or take, of state benefits end, according to the National Employment Law Project (NELP).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Although the issue is far less publicized than other parts of the fiscal cliff, such as income-tax increases and entitlement reform, an abrupt cutoff of benefits would have a far more dramatic impact on the well-being of millions of Americans.&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2012/12/17/extended-unemployment-benefits/1775065/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/12/without-deal-unemployment-checks-stop.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-4193542718458152808</guid><pubDate>Tue, 18 Dec 2012 03:57:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-17T19:58:55.568-08:00</atom:updated><title>We&#39;re Not Broke!!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
We&#39;re not broke, we&#39;re not broke! We&#39;re being played for
chumps. There&#39;s no &quot;fiscal crisis.&quot; There is, however, a Destructive
Political Opportunity in arguing about the so-called &quot;fiscal
crisis.&quot;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
The real crisis is the jobs and unemployment crisis. For
every 1 million people that go back to work THE FEDERAL DEFICIT GOES DOWN BY
$54 BILLION.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
TIght labor markets -- low unemployment -- is the key for working
people. MASS UNEMPLOYMENT drives down wages. If wages go up, the budget balance
for Medicare and Social Security looks much better.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
[30 second economic teach-in] Live better, cut the crap.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Default&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;244&quot; src=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/embed/33ywO0SgGYE&quot; width=&quot;420&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: &#39;lucida grande&#39;, tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: &#39;lucida grande&#39;, tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=33ywO0SgGYE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow nofollow&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; font-family: &#39;lucida grande&#39;, tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;word_break&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;watch?v=33ywO0SgGYE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/12/were-not-broke.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/33ywO0SgGYE/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7562033994109893754</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2012 15:51:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-08T07:55:57.316-08:00</atom:updated><title>Why Austerity Economics Hurts Low-Wage Workers the Most</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
by Robert Reich, 12/5/12&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Cross posted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://robertreich.orghttp//robertreich.org/post/36892075499/#ixzz2ETZQlfYZ&quot;&gt;RobertReich.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&quot;... What does the drama in Washington over the “fiscal cliff”
have to do with strikes and work stoppages among America’s lowest-paid workers
at Walmart, McDonald’s, Burger King, and Domino’s Pizza?&quot;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&quot;Everything. &amp;nbsp;Jobs are slowly returning to America, but most of them pay
lousy wages and low if non-existent benefits. &amp;nbsp;The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that seven out of
10 growth occupations over the next decade will be low-wage — like serving
customers at big-box retailers and fast-food chains.&quot;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&quot;That’s why the median wage keeps dropping, especially for
the 80 percent of the workforce that’s paid by the hour...&quot;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://robertreich.org/post/36892075499/#ixzz2ETZQlfYZ&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://robertreich.org/post/31335756096&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5sueI5QN7DBpGLzVgeC-xn7v6Ob9mMZnv9HzSspKEHaPHigmzyr3HwZqqg8nVwWlWUziYNEntenztRJfh0AMbpuJCpFpj5139xr7Gtc3cxa3Hd8fazyI9V3zIr4tIwzpWTTxglqT-03NO/s640/RRCartoon1.gif&quot; width=&quot;398&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See Robert Reich&#39;s &lt;a href=&quot;http://robertreich.org/post/31335756096&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Slideshow&lt;/a&gt; for his new book, &lt;a href=&quot;http://robertreich.org/post/31335756096&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Beyond Outrage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/12/why-austerity-economics-hurts-low-wage.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5sueI5QN7DBpGLzVgeC-xn7v6Ob9mMZnv9HzSspKEHaPHigmzyr3HwZqqg8nVwWlWUziYNEntenztRJfh0AMbpuJCpFpj5139xr7Gtc3cxa3Hd8fazyI9V3zIr4tIwzpWTTxglqT-03NO/s72-c/RRCartoon1.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-6098939514332216213</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2012 15:45:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-08T07:46:52.825-08:00</atom:updated><title>The Forgotten Millions </title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/07/opinion/krugman-the-forgotten-millions.html&quot;&gt;The Forgotten Millions - NYTimes.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;







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&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
By Paul Krugman, 12/6/12&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&quot;...Let’s get one thing straight: America is not
facing a fiscal crisis. It is, however, still very much experiencing a job
crisis. &amp;nbsp;It’s easy to get confused about the fiscal thing, since
everyone’s talking about the “fiscal cliff.” Indeed, one recent poll suggests
that a large plurality of the public believes that the budget deficit will go
up if we go off that cliff.&quot;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 &quot;In fact, of course, it’s just the opposite: The
danger is that the deficit will come down too much, too fast. And the reasons
that might happen are purely political; we may be about to slash spending and
raise taxes not because markets demand it, but because Republicans have been
using blackmail as a bargaining strategy, and the president seems ready to call
their bluff...&quot;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/07/opinion/krugman-the-forgotten-millions.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-forgotten-millions.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-6248243378161597780</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2012 15:33:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-08T07:57:18.823-08:00</atom:updated><title>Dude, Where&#39;s My Job?</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
If you&#39;re feeling frustrated by getting caught up in the austerity-deficit-obsession framing of the Right, Center, and Neo-Liberal-Left, don&#39;t feel bad. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You&#39;re the victim of a corporate scam, funded by the ill-gotten gains of private equity billionaire Pete Peterson, who has been generously investing in media and think tank generation of deficit hysteria, through his tax-exempt (!) foundation. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, the former CEO of Blackstone group pays the bargain-basement 15% tax rate on carried interest that is the relatively exclusive privilege of America&#39;s richest families and hedge fund managers. &amp;nbsp; The guy ran around leaving a trail of smashed union jobs and corporate wreckage. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We were idiots to let him get away with this, but we are insane if we treat him as a source of authority for dealing with the severe unemployment crisis this country is facing. &amp;nbsp;You know the old saying, fool me once, shame on you, fool me twice....&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Criticizing a &quot;Fiscal Summit&quot; that Peterson
organized, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-kuttner/fiscal-folly_b_524760.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;Bob Kuttner
of the American Prospect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; pointed out the irony of involving
Peterson&#39;s hand-picked experts -- Alan Greenspan and Robert Rubin -- to
pontificate about how to fix the economy they wrecked.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;blockquote class=&quot;tr_bq&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;If the orgy of financial deregulation that led to the crash
had two prime sponsors, the Democratic one was Rubin and the Republican one was
Greenspan. &lt;b&gt;Inviting these characters to a fiscal summit to devise a way out of
the crisis is like inviting arsonists to design a seminar on fire prevention.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Peterson himself, who underwrites the work of the foundation
with a billion dollar gift, made his money as one of America’s private-equity
moguls. Private equity companies have been among main offenders in the world of
shadow banking that helped cause the collapse, and are now lobbying against
tough financial reform and regulation.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
So, the next time you see Peterson, or David Walker, or one
of these &quot;Fix the Debt CEOs&quot; running around barking economic orders,
turn on your crap detector. &amp;nbsp;You want to fix the Debt, Mr. Corporate CEO?
&amp;nbsp;Shut up and pay your fair share, and quit gouging the public and gouging
workers with your lavish tax breaks, corporate welfare and union-smashing
schemes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
As Malcolm X said, &quot;...Ya been had!&amp;nbsp;Ya been
took!&amp;nbsp;Ya been hoodwinked!&amp;nbsp;Bamboozled!&amp;nbsp;Led astray!&amp;nbsp;Run
amok!&quot;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Cross-posted from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/petepeterson&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Campaign for America&#39;s Future&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h1 class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;color: #002b36; font-family: &#39;Arial black&#39;; font-size: 27px; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 29px; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-transform: capitalize;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/petepeterson&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;What You Need To Know About Peter G. Peterson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;node ntype-report&quot; id=&quot;node-75972&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;
What&#39;s Behind His Big-Money Campaign On The Federal Deficit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;submitted date&quot; style=&quot;font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;November 21st, 2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;taxonomy&quot; style=&quot;display: inline; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;Related Topics:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul class=&quot;links inline&quot; style=&quot;display: inline; font-size: 10px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; width: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;first taxonomy_term_3&quot; style=&quot;border: none; display: inline; list-style-type: none; margin: 7px 0px; padding: 0px 0.1em 0px 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;taxonomy_term_3&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/economy&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0.1em; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;
We must build a new economy out of the ruins of the old. Creating an economy of shared prosperity and sustainable growth will require fundamental changes in strategy, priorities and policies. Among other things, we need:

• Comprehensive financial reform to curb the Wall Street casino.
• A new engine for economic growth to replace the bubble-bust economy of the past decades.
• Sustained public investment in areas vital to our future.
• A revived manufacturing sector leading the new green industrial revolution.
• Expanded but balanced global trade.
• Workers empowered to organize so that the blessings of future prosperity are widely shared.
 

Read our mainfesto: &amp;quot;Building The New Economy: The Challenge Ahead&amp;quot;
&quot;&gt;An Economy for All&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;li class=&quot;last taxonomy_term_1&quot; style=&quot;border: none; display: inline; list-style-type: none; margin: 7px 0px; padding: 0px 0.1em 0px 0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;taxonomy_term_1&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/thebigcon&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0.1em; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;The Big Con&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;content&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 15.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 5px 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;bloglsides&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #ececbc; color: #333333; float: left; margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; padding: 5px; width: 240px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/files/pete_peterson.png&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;240px&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;color: #002b36; font-family: &#39;Arial black&#39;; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.5px; margin: 0px 0px 0.1em; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;
RESOURCES YOU CAN USE&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px; position: relative;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;margin: 7px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/plain-page/2012114720/truth-about-fix-debt-ceos&quot; style=&quot;color: #9f0028; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The Truth About the &#39;Fix the Debt&#39; CEOs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;margin: 7px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/plain-page/2012114720/evolution-peter-petersons-spending&quot; style=&quot;color: #9f0028; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The Evolution of Pete Peterson&#39;s Spending&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;margin: 7px 0px; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/plain-page/2012114720/mandate-our-leaders-put-regular-americans-first&quot; style=&quot;color: #9f0028; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The Mandate To Our Leaders: Put Regular Americans First.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0px 0px 12px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #333333;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;Peter G. Peterson is an American businessman who was CEO of
several prominent companies such as Bell &amp;amp; Howell and Lehman Brothers
before founding the private equity firm Blackstone Group. He is currently most
well-known for being the founder and principal financier of his Peter G.
Peterson Foundation, that claims their mission is to &quot;increase public
awareness of the nature and urgency of key fiscal challenges threatening
America&#39;s future and to accelerate action on them.&quot; He also served as Secretary
of Commerce under President Richard Nixon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;He has been called the most influential billionaire in
politics due to his spreading of his wealth throughout the political spectrum
to reduce the debt.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;Our Take on Peter G. Peterson&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;These &quot;Fix the Debt&quot; CEOs are the same CEOs that
crashed our economy, took their bonuses, and ran, leaving the rest of America
to clean up their mess. Although their calls for bipartisan cooperation hit all
the right notes to the American public, we believe that the push to get a lower
corporate tax rate from a bipartisan solution is the ulterior motive of these
CEOs. Peterson himself has contributed almost half a billion dollars to his
foundation that pushes for the reform of programs such as Social Security,
Medicare and Medicaid.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;Peterson has not limited his donations to one party, but
rather built a coalition of Democrats and Republicans. His efforts are
complimented by his online news service,&amp;nbsp;The Fiscal Times, which supports
the Peterson-funded groups in his vision.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0px 0px 12px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange;&quot;&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ourfuture.org/petepeterson&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rest of article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/12/dude-wheres-my-job.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-2923421900987025506</guid><pubDate>Sat, 25 Aug 2012 23:32:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-08-25T16:35:28.737-07:00</atom:updated><title>Women&#39;s Employment Report Video</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;!--StartFragment--&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
 Noreen Connell of&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nownys.org/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;National Organization For Women of New York State
(NOW-NYS)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;interviews&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Jon Bloom of the Workers Defense League&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Jim Brown of the New York State Labor Department,&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Helen Ginsburg of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.njfac.org/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;National Jobs for All Coalition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
about the
jobs crisis and the need for a national jobs program. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
 Produced by the National Organization For Women of New York
State (NOW-NYS) and Manhattan Neighborhood Network.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
 More info:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
National Jobs for All Coalition: www.JobsCampaign.org,
www.NJFAC.org&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
 National Organizaiton for Women: www.NOWNYS.org&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
 Workers Defense League: (212) 627-1931&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
 NY State Department of Labor: www.Labor.ny.gov&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;embed src=&quot;http://a.blip.tv/api.swf#AYOB1VQC&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot; type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot;&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/08/womens-employment-report-video.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-3112003977291702740</guid><pubDate>Sat, 25 Aug 2012 02:40:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-08-24T19:43:45.363-07:00</atom:updated><title>Robert Pollin: Back To Full Employment</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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Cross-posted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=767&amp;amp;Itemid=74&amp;amp;jumival=8640&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;The Real News&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Robert Pollin is interviewed by Paul Jay on the Real News about the jobs crisis and the opportunity to pursue economic policies that would create full employment, where everyone who wants to work could have a job.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more information, see Bob&#39;s new book,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&amp;amp;tid=12891&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Back to Full Employment&lt;/a&gt;, on MIT Press. &amp;nbsp;Here&#39;s more info from the publisher&#39;s web site.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&amp;amp;tid=12891&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Back to Full Employment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/author/default.asp?aid=39666&quot;&gt;Robert Pollin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
 Full employment used to be an explicit goal of economic
policy in most of the industrialized world. Some countries even achieved it.
In&amp;nbsp;Back to Full Employment, economist Robert Pollin argues that the United
States--today faced with its highest level of unemployment since the Great
Depression--should put full employment back on the agenda. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
There are good reasons to seek full employment, Pollin
writes. Full employment will help individuals, families, and the economy as a
whole, while promoting equality and social stability. Equally important,
creating a full-employment economy can be joined effectively with two other
fundamental policy aims: ending our dependence on fossil fuels and creating an
economy powered by clean energy. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Explaining views on full employment in macroeconomic theory
from Marx to Keynes to Friedman, Pollin argues that the policy was abandoned in
the United States in the 1970s for the wrong reasons, and he shows how it can
be achieved today despite the serious challenges of inflation and
globalization. Pollin believes the biggest obstacle to creating a
full-employment economy is politics. Putting an end to the prevailing
neoliberal opposition to full employment will require nothing less than an
epoch-defining reallocation of political power away from the interests of big
business and Wall Street and toward the middle class, working people, and the
poor, while mounting a strong defense of the environment. In the end, achieving
full employment will be a matter of political will: Can the United States make
having a decent job a fundamental right? &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
About the Author &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Robert Pollin is Professor of Economics and Codirector of
the Political Economy Research Institute at the University of Massachusetts,
Amherst. He is the author of&amp;nbsp;Contours of Descent: U.S. Economic Fractures
and the Landscape of Austerity&amp;nbsp;and coauthor of&amp;nbsp;A Measure of Fairness:
The Economics of Living Wages and Minimum Wages&amp;nbsp;in the United States.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--EndFragment--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
www.NJFAC.org&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://fullemployment.blogspot.com/2012/08/robert-pollin-back-to-full-employment.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD1u4oyOUoENwXiBTg8uqiE40kwW9UB317-3V52-n-Oqwu4a-eEntYv9zVsPkXNuFXGvYEhdA5XqBObMzyp48QG5fwyRopkrfvLRztDBBIeK8_dhyphenhyphenOtR2vpTUFlr7-uYzSu-6VseJO-Rzz/s72-c/BacktoFE.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3474036425801326260.post-7796829760751299349</guid><pubDate>Fri, 10 Aug 2012 13:38:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-08-10T06:38:28.736-07:00</atom:updated><title>Workers Stand for America -- Join us in Philly!!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
From:&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://workersstandforamerica.com/&quot;&gt;WorkersStandForAmerica.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.workersstandforamerica.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; kda=&quot;true&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaS7QKCIgF0S19e4r-OJd5O_Xaq_Avv6n3uXwsQqh968nB74UB7R-9qzA3P8uESc07Anl49FRpe6i9rggHBaMctLhrLdJrkBuG1IsoujiXoLazf-0i7ZhtlL8uYYfOqtLpbo3C2-woe4Q/s400/WorkersStandForAmerica2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Join Us in Philly! &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;11 a.m. Saturday, August 11, 2012&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Eakins Oval&lt;br /&gt;26th Street and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway&lt;br /&gt;Philadelphia, PA 19130 &lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.workersstandforamerica.com/coverage.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NEW: LIVE DIGITAL COVERAGE ON AUGUST 11TH... &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;style3&quot;&gt;(click for more info)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;America&#39;s Second Bill of Rights &lt;/h2&gt;
We the People want to strengthen our nation, as a beacon of equality, economic opportunity and freedom for all. We hold these rights to be essential to our vision of America and believe that the principles contained therein should guide our government, business leaders, organizations and individuals in our common goal of a just and fair society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;
The Right to Full Employment and a Living Wage: &lt;/h5&gt;
All Americans willing and able to work have the right to safe, gainful employment at a fair and livable wage. We call on the public and private sectors to invest in America’s infrastructure and promote industrial development, maintaining job creation as a top policy priority. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;
The Right to Full Participation in the Electoral Process: &lt;/h5&gt;
Recent initiatives to disenfranchise citizens seek to reduce the rolls of eligible voters and empower money instead of people. We believe these actions constitute an assault on our nation’s democracy and history of heroic struggle against voting restrictions based upon property ownership, religion, race and gender and call for reinforcing our fundamental right to vote.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;
The Right to a Voice at Work:&lt;/h5&gt;
All workers have the right of freedom of association in the workplace, including the right to collectively bargain with their employer to improve wages, benefits and working conditions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;
The Right to a Quality Education:&lt;/h5&gt;
Education is a fundamental bedrock of our democracy, vital to America’s competitive position in the world and the principal means by which citizens empower themselves to participate in our nation&#39;s economic and political systems. Quality, affordable education should be universally available from pre-kindergarten to college level, including an expanded use of apprenticeships and specialty skills training to prepare Americans for the workplace.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h5&gt;
The Right to a Secure, Healthy Future:&lt;/h5&gt;
Americans have the right to a baseline level of health care, unemployment insurance and retirement security, all of which have been badly eroded by the disruption of the social compact that served the nation well for decades. We call on government and private industry together to confront the issues of declining access to health care especially for children, weakening of unemployment coverage, and inadequate pension plans that undermine the ability of working men and women to retire in dignity, even as Social Security and Medicare are under strain and threatened with cutbacks. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Endorse the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.workersstandforamerica.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Second Bill of Rights&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.workersstandforamerica.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;WorkersStandForAmerica.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;6&quot; cellspacing=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;width: 586px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;31&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;pdf icon&quot; height=&quot;31&quot; src=&quot;http://workersstandforamerica.com/images/PDFicon.gif&quot; width=&quot;31&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;469&quot;&gt;&lt;h5&gt;
Click to Download the&lt;a href=&quot;http://workersstandforamerica.com/text.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Bill of Rights&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;in Printable PDF format &lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;h5 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Click to Download the&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://workersstandforamerica.com/signature.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; &quot;Sign-up Sheet&quot; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;in Printable PDF format &lt;/h5&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;Jobs for All at Living Wages Now!!

www.DriveForDecentWork.org
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