Drupal Dummies

Difference between Drupal 6 and 7 - installation

2012-03-20T06:38:00.000-07:00

Drupal 6:
a. Version: Drupal-6.25
b. Profiles: Default profile folder
c. Installation Steps:

Disable right click on Image IE and FF

2012-03-20T00:55:00.000-07:00

< script src="jquery-1.7.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" >< /script >
< script language="javascript" >
/*
   Disable right click script (on images)- By Mano
   for all Browsers :)
*/

$(document).ready(function(){
$('img').bind("contextmenu",function(e){
   return false;
});
});
< /script >

Note: This will not work only in IE browser

Disable right click on Image tag using Javascript Jquery

2012-03-20T00:11:00.002-07:00

< script src="jquery-1.7.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" >< /script >
< script language="javascript" >
/*
Disable right click script (on images)- By Mano
*/

$(document).ready(function(){
$("img").attr("oncontextmenu", "return false;");
});
< /script >

Note: This will not work only in IE browser

Custom Node Creation

2012-03-19T06:34:00.000-07:00

Code in manomodule.module file

/* Error handling */
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set("display_errors","On");

/**
*
* Implementation of menu hook
*/
function manomodule_menu() {
    $items = array();
    $items['test_form'] = array(
    'title' => t('Test form'),
    'page callback' => 'get_products',
    'access callback' => TRUE,
    'type' => MENU_CALLBACK,
    );


    return $items;
}

/**
*
* Implementation of theme hook
*/
function manomodule_theme() {
    return array(
         'page_node_form' => array(
        'arguments' => array('form' => NULL),
                  'template' => 'product-list',
    ),
    );
}

function get_products() {
      /* Create a new node and form creation */
    $node = new stdClass();
    $node->type = 'page';
    module_load_include('inc', 'node', 'node.pages');
    $form_arr = drupal_get_form('page_node_form',$node);
    return $form_arr;
}

/**
*
* Implementation of form alter hook
*/
function manomodule_form_alter(&$form, &$form_state, $form_id) {
    /* Theme alter based on form id */
    if ($form_id == 'page_node_form') {
        $form['#theme'] = 'page_node_form';
    }
}

/**
*
* Implementation of node related process hook
*/
function manomodule_nodeapi(&$node, $op) {
    if ($node->type == 'page') {
        switch ($op) {
            case 'insert':
                $_SESSION['fromform'] = 'product';
                break;
            case 'view':
                // redirect to thank you page when submit
                // and workflow process done.
                $fromform = $_SESSION['fromform'];
                unset($_SESSION['fromform']);
                if ($fromform == 'product') {
                    drupal_goto('admin/content/node');
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}

Code in product-list.tpl.php

print drupal_render($form['title']);
print drupal_render($form['body_field']['body']);

print drupal_render($form['form_id']);
print drupal_render($form['form_build_id']);
print drupal_render($form['form_token']);
print drupal_render($form['buttons']['submit']);

/* print drupal_render($form); */

CTS interview questions for PHP & MySQL

2012-03-06T22:25:00.003-08:00

1st Round in Telephonic:

Drupal
1. How can we achieve multi site?
2. Purpose of DB Prefix?

MySQL
3. How can we achieve Transactions & Non-Transactions ?
4. How can we switch two different DB in PHP?
5. How can we optimize a DB table?
6. PDO ? Purpose ?

AJAX
7. Purpose of AJAX?
8. Scenario: Call to Ten table data by every table data need to fetch it and show it in Front end one by one..

JQuery
9. How to change the div content using the div ID and div class?
10. Live in Jquery?

Payment Gateway
11. What are the important information needed to sent payment request?
12. Paypal with and without API?

Web Service
13. Different between CURL & SOAP?

Linux
14. Copy command syntax and purpose?
15. How to export DB or dump ?

Interview Conduct by: Pandy
Interview Date: 05-03-2012, 5pm

2st Round in Telephonic:

Drupal
1. How can use perform Multi-site?
2. How can we share a particular tables in Multi-site?
3. What is the configuration file needed to differentiate the DB information for Multi-site?

PHP
4. How can process an array values without interation (foreach, for, while etc..) ?
5. How can we achieve multiple inheritance ?
6. How to process a php file?

Open Source
7. Difference between Oscommerce, Zencart and Xcart Shopping cart code?

Linux
8. How can we setup cron tab for a particular page?
9. What are the different value need to pass while setting cron tab?
10. What is the folder structure in Linux?

SVN (vertioning control)
11. How can we solve the conflicted file ?

Perl
12. What about your interest in moving to Perl programming?

Interview Conduct by: Senthil and Ramya
Interview Date: 07-03-2012, 11am

Top PHP companies with number of Employees

2012-03-05T05:30:00.002-08:00

Company Name	Employees

IBM	4,26,751 (2010)
HP	3,49,600 (2011)
Accenture	2,44,000 (2011)
TCS	2,26,751 (2011)
HCL	1,70,076 (2012)
(HCL Technologies & HCL Infosystems)
Infosys	1,45,088 (2011)
CTS	1,37,700 (2011)
Wipro	1,19,491 (2011)
Capgemini	1,17,428 (end 2011)
Dell	1,00,300 (2011)
ADP	51,000 (June 2011)
Mahendra satyam	32,280 (2011)

Google, Yahoo, Facebook and obviously Photon Info Tech are fastly growing PHP related Software Companies in Employee count wise. We can expect these companies in the top 10 in 2020.

How to run Apache and IIS on same machine at a time?

2012-02-15T21:40:00.000-08:00

By default, IIS (Internet Information Server) and Apache ( A Patch Server) both runs in Port number 80.

If you want to run both IIS and Apache at the same time, you just give different port number to one another.
Just like IIS can run in Port 80. You can give Apache server port number as 81 (Maximum limit for a port number range into 32768). Say for example you can give the port number as 22222 which is under the maximum limit of port number.

For this change you need to do a small favor in Apache configuration file, i.e. httpd.conf file. Say for example the configuration file in C:\xampp\apache\conf\httpd.conf

Step: #1
In the configuration file, search with the word "Listen 80" replace it with "Listen 22222"

Step: #2
In the configuration file, search with the word "ServerName localhost:80" replace it with "ServerName localhost:22222"

Step: #3
Stop the Apache server and Start Again or Restart the Apache server.

Step: #4
Check you site with localhost:22222/drupal

Step: #5
Finish

Infosys - Drupal Interview Questions

2012-02-09T04:57:00.001-08:00

Techinical Round #1

1. Tell about your profession experience?
2. How can we create a new theme in drupal?
3. What are the mandatory file to create custom module in drupal?
4. How can we create a new region and block in drupal?
5. How many ways to create a block in drupal?
6. What is the structure of Drupal CMS?
7. What are the core modules in drupal and its purpose?

8. Purpose of JQuery?
9. How can we change a website design through Jquery?
10. What is Autocomplete and its working nature?

11. What is SDLC?
12. What is Agile Methodology? and its functionality?
13. What is 2-tier architechture, 3-tier and multi-tier architechture ?
14. What is shared Database?
15. What is Web services and how can we achieve it in Drupal?
16. What is REST API?

Technical Round #2 (Via Telephone call)

1. What is the purpose of Drupal?
2. Difference between Drupal and Joomla?
3. How can we change a image in a page in drupal?
4. Purpose of FCKEditor?
5. Purpose of Upload module?
6. What are the information in .info file? (indirectly .. both module and theme )
7. Where is the settings configuration file in drupal?
8. What are the informations in settings file?
9. What are the different configuration files in Drupal? (indirectly.. php.ini, htaccess, settings.php)
10. How the file upload is working and where it is storing in drupal?

Overloading and Overriding in PHP with Examples

2012-02-02T07:43:00.000-08:00

	Overloading	Overriding

Function	Possible	Not possible

Method	Possible	Possible

function overriding:

Function overriding is not possible. In PHP, we try to use two difference function in same name in same file or different included file. PHP will throw an error like "Fatal error: Cannot redeclare compute() (previously declared". So, Function overriding is not possible in PHP 5. It may possible in upcoming version of PHP. I am waiting for that.. :)

method overriding:

An example of overriding:


class Foo {
   function myFoo() {
      return "Foo";
   }
}
class Bar extends Foo {
   function myFoo() {
      return "Bar";
   }
}

$foo = new Foo;
$bar = new Bar;
echo($foo->myFoo()); //"Foo"
echo($bar->myFoo()); //"Bar"

Note: Bar class overriding the myFoo() function from the Foo class and calling

its own method myFoo();

Function overloading:

function compute($first, $second, $third = 0) {
      return $first+$second+$third;
   }

echo "<br>Example #1: ".compute(10, 20);
echo "<br>Example #2: ".compute(10, 20, 30);

Output:
Example #1: 30
Example #2: 60

Example for Class Overloading :

class Addition {
    function compute($first, $second, $third = 0) {
      return $first+$second+$third;
   }
}

$AdditionObj = new Addition;
echo "<br>Example #3: ".$AdditionObj->compute(100, 200);
echo "<br>Example #4: ".$AdditionObj->compute(100, 200, 30);

Output:
Example #3: 300
Example #4: 330

Simple information to learn Cache in Drupal

2012-02-02T06:10:00.001-08:00

Cache is used to save the data fetched from DB and store it in a table. Display the stored information using the Cache ID i.e. cid.

cid is primary key in "cache" table. Few more cache tables available in drupal for other purposes like.. caching the blocks, caching the filters, caching the forms, caching the menus etc..

So, for every single purpose drupal use a separate table. Tables like..

cache_block
cache_filter
cache_form
cache_menu
cache_page
cache_update

Different Themes for Different nodes (pages) in Drupal

2012-02-01T22:25:00.000-08:00

Steps to achieve:
1. Create 5 nodes i.e 5 pages in drupal
2. Enable 5 different themes in Admin Panel
3. Use the below code to switching the themes based on page id
4. Thats it..!

function yourmodule_init(){
global $custom_theme;

/* Page 1, using page id as 1 */
if (arg(0) == "node" && arg(1) == 1){
    $custom_theme = "bluemarine";
}

/* Page 2, using page id as 2 */
if (arg(0) == "node" && arg(1) == 2){
    $custom_theme = "chameleon";
}

/* Page 3, using page id as 3 */
if (arg(0) == "node" && arg(1) == 3){
    $custom_theme = "danland";
}

/* Page 4, using page id as 4 */
if (arg(0) == "node" && arg(1) == 4){
    $custom_theme = "garland";
}

/* Page 5, using page id as 5 */
if (arg(0) == "node" && arg(1) == 5){
    $custom_theme = "marvin";
}

}

SOLVED: An illegal choice has been detected. Please contact the site administrator

2012-01-10T02:31:00.000-08:00

‘#validated’ => ‘TRUE’ add this into your form elements definitions:

Example:
form['my_dynamic_select'] = array(
…
‘#type’ => ‘select’,
‘#validated’ => TRUE
…
)

Reason:
If we are using an input in AJAX related situation we will fill the input field like SELECT (dropdown) this error will shown in the interface. Because when a value is not present in the page load will not allowed in form submission time. So, the Drupal restricts this type of value. This value is considered as illegal value. Say for example an user can inject a set of value in our site and they can choose a particular value in it.

But our case is also same like injecting in sense of pushing a new set of values through AJAX. So now and then we need to used the form field attribute "validate as True", to get a Permanent and Perfect solution too.

Thanks.

Calling the codes in Background processing in PHP

2011-12-23T09:12:00.000-08:00

$check_async_calls_dashboard = variable_get('gems_dashboard_async_call', '0');
if ($check_async_calls_dashboard) {
     // buffer all upcoming output
     @apache_setenv('no-gzip', 1);
     @ini_set('zlib.output_compression', 0);
     @ini_set('implicit_flush', 1);
     ignore_user_abort(true);
     set_time_limit(0);
     ob_start();
     echo 'done';
     // get the size of the output
     $size = ob_get_length();
     // send headers to tell the browser to close the connection
     header("Content-Length: $size");
     header('Connection: close');
     // flush all output
     ob_end_flush();
     ob_flush();
     flush();
     // close current session
     // if (session_id()) session_write_close();
}

/* put your coding here.. which need to call in background process.. */

Custom Caching code for Repeatedly used code in Drupal

2011-12-16T10:30:00.000-08:00

global $contentType_cache;

    if (!isset($contentType_cache)) {
        $cache_content = cache_get("CACHE_TBL_CONTENTTYPE");
        $cache_content = $cache_content->data;
        if (!isset($cache_content)) {
            // Load the complete list of the thumbnail
            $result = db_query("SELECT type, name FROM {node_type}");
            $records = array();

            while ($record = db_fetch_object($result)) {
                $records[$record->type] = $record;
            }
            cache_set("CACHE_TBL_CONTENTTYPE", $records);
            $contentType_cache= $records;
        } else {
            $contentType_cache= $cache_content;
        }
    }

Find and Replace in Mysql Query with Example

2011-12-09T08:05:00.000-08:00

Syntax:
update [table_name] set [field_name] = replace([field_name],'[string_to_find]','[string_to_replace]');

Example:

UPDATE system SET filename = replace( filename,  'sites/all/themes/gemswebsitetheme',  'sites1/all/themes/gemswebsitetheme2'  ) ;

Cleaning the unwanted Characters in a String

2011-10-07T23:38:00.000-07:00

function cleanStringData(&$str) {
$str = preg_replace("/\t/", " ", $str);
$str = preg_replace("/\r?\n/", " ", $str);
$str = preg_replace("/,/", "|", $str);
}

$string = "this, is a valid string";
cleanStringData($string);
echo "--".$string;

Get Child taxonomy items in Drupal

2011-10-07T22:31:00.000-07:00

$parent_tid = 1002;
$childs = taxonomy_get_children($parent_tid);
foreach ($childs as $ksubspec) {
$childs_lists .= $ksubspec->name." | ";
}
echo "Child Taxonomy list : ".$childs_lists;

Get Parents taxonomy items in Drupal

2011-10-07T22:29:00.000-07:00

$child_tid = 1075;
$parents = taxonomy_get_parents($child_tid);
foreach ($parents as $ksubspec) {
$parents_lists .= $ksubspec->name." | ";
}
echo "Parent Taxonomy list : ".$parents_lists;

Simple Image Gallery using Views in Drupal

2011-10-06T23:13:00.001-07:00

Simple Image Gallery using Views in Drupal

Finding a module list which are having a particular hook in Drupal

2011-10-04T04:42:00.000-07:00

Syntax:

module_implements($hook, $sort = FALSE,
$refresh
= FALSE)

Parameters:

$hook The name of the hook (e.g. "help" or "menu").
$sort By default, modules are ordered by weight and filename, settings this option to TRUE, module list will be ordered by module name.
$refresh For internal use only: Whether to force the stored list of hook implementations to be regenerated (such as after enabling a new module, before processing hook_enable).

Example #1

$list = module_implements("cron");
ep($list);

Output #1

Array
(
    [0] => dblog
    [1] => filter
    [2] => node
    [3] => search
    [4] => system
    [5] => update
    [6] => captcha
)

Example #2

$list = module_implements("cron", true);
ep($list);

Output #2

Array
(
    [0] => captcha
    [1] => dblog
    [2] => filter
    [3] => node
    [4] => search
    [5] => system
    [6] => update
)

Checking whether a module having a hook or not

2011-10-04T04:33:00.000-07:00

echo "--".module_hook("common", "chellam");
/* if the hook method exists in a module, then it will return 1 else return 0 */

Enabling a module in Drupal

2011-10-04T03:38:00.000-07:00

Syntax:
module_enable($list of module name);

Note: You have to give module name insense of array format. You can enable a single or multiple modules at the time.

Example:
module_enable(array("common", "adsense"));

Disabling a module in Drupal

2011-10-04T03:27:00.000-07:00

Syntax:
module_disable($list of module name);

Note: You have to give module name insense of array format. You can disable a single or multiple modules at the time.

Example:
module_disable(array("common", "adsense"));

With this example, am disabling two modules at the same time.

Checking whether a module is Exists in Drupal or not

2011-10-04T03:15:00.000-07:00

/* Checking with valid module */
$status = module_exists("system");
echo "--".$status;
/* output: 1 i.e. Module exists */

/* Checking with invalid module */
$status = module_exists("systems");
echo "--".$status;
/* output: 0 i.e. Module does not exists */

Required Modules in Drupal in module.inc

2011-10-04T03:09:00.000-07:00

Function Definition:

function drupal_required_modules() {
  return array('block', 'filter', 'node', 'system', 'user');
}

Example:

$list = drupal_required_modules() ;
ep($list);

Array ( [0] => block [1] => filter [2] => node [3] => system [4] => user )

So, here is the place the list of required core modules desided in Drupal.