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	<title>Duck For Congress | Educations sites</title>
	
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		<title>Kids trike for learning bikes</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/kids-trike-for-learning-bikes/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/kids-trike-for-learning-bikes/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:08:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=230</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Though balance bikes ended up usually a type of early bicycle they may be now a lot more associated with youthful children&#8217;s learning bikes. Stability bikes had been noticed as an ideal method of obtaining children into driving their first bike soon after key suppliers like PUKY as well as LikeABike realised that will stabilisers [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/kids-trike-for-learning-bikes/">Kids trike for learning bikes</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Though balance bikes ended up usually a type of early bicycle they may be now a lot more associated with youthful children&#8217;s learning bikes. Stability bikes had been noticed as an ideal method of obtaining children into driving their first bike soon after key suppliers like <a href="http://www.capitalplay.co.uk/brands/puky.html" target="_blank">PUKY</a> as well as LikeABike realised that will stabilisers basically cease young children via finding out the best way to appropriately equilibrium on the pedal bike. A harmony motorcycle around the other hand uses a child&#8217;s own legs to ensure that they&#8217;re upright however they can readily provide their hip and legs approximately &#8220;balance&#8221; journey together.</p>
<p>This kind of flexibility for your baby to manage their particular mastering fee intended these asics bikes were found to become more effective at educating youthful children how you can experience over a stabilisers which is why many individuals also contact them learner motorcycles or training bikes.</p>
<p>Although to begin with created for young children (2-3 years) numerous producers started to discharge bigger <a href="http://www.capitalplay.co.uk/wheeled-toys/trikes.html" target="_blank">kids trike</a> variants of their common models in order to cater for a little older kids (3-6 years) due to their enormous results.</p>
<p>When learner bikes have been 1st remaining manufactured they were only available in two important flavours: solid wood and plastic. The plastic wide variety had been built like a budget supplying when the wood learner bicycles ended up designed for strong high quality and trustworthiness. Unfortunately the actual wooden bikes did have their own troubles so the German manufacturer PUKY chose to start engineering material and silicone bikes created to exacting complex standards that will tax perhaps the most strict German auto producers.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/kids-trike-for-learning-bikes/">Kids trike for learning bikes</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>Bio Pyramid</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/bio-pyramid/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/bio-pyramid/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Jun 2011 17:24:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environmental]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biome]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[energy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food chain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[plankton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[power]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pyramid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trophic]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=225</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the ongoing energy debate, biomass energy is getting a lot of play among politicians. To understand the concept, it first helps to understand the bio pyramid. Bio Pyramid All of the organisms in the world follow orders of classification. Whether you choose to put them into groups of plants and animals, herbivores and carnivores, [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/bio-pyramid/">Bio Pyramid</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the ongoing energy debate, biomass energy is getting a lot of play among politicians. To understand the concept, it first helps to understand the bio pyramid.</p>
<p>Bio Pyramid</p>
<p>All of the organisms in the world follow orders of classification. Whether you choose to put them into groups of plants and animals, herbivores and carnivores, or any other of the many different types of classification systems, organisms can be put into many groups in order to understand their relationship to one another. One way to classify organisms is to put them into their order, or hierarchy, in the food chain. In this way, we can see how animals and other organisms relate to each other based on what they consume.</p>
<p>There are several different ways to look at the food chain, and one important and useful tool in this area is the bio pyramid. A bio pyramid is a graphical chart that shows the comparative mass of the consumers to the producers in the food chain. This can be helpful in determining how energy is transferred to the top levels of the pyramid from the bottom levels.</p>
<p>Each level in a bio pyramid is composed of a trophic level. Trophic levels are groupings of different “consumer” groups, such as primary producers (usually just plants or other photosynthetic organisms) rising all the way up to carnivores (such as humans).  While a typical biological pyramid might group these consumers in order of energy produced, a bio pyramid shows them in order of total mass from highest to lowest. This often means that the primary consumers, such as the plants, are at the bottom because they are more numerous and take up more mass. The levels are built upon then by how many upper level organisms could survive based on the level below. An example can be seen in this sea bio pyramid:</p>
<p>It would take 1,000,000 kg of phytoplankton (1st level), to feed 100,000 kg of zooplankton (2nd level), to feed 10,000 kg of shrimp (3rd level), to finally feed 1,000 kg of large fish. The final level, the 5th, would only be able to have 100 kg of shark supported by the levels below.<br />
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In this way, a bio pyramid shows the inefficiency of the food chain, and lets researchers know that if a level was able to be skipped (such as a shark dipping down and eating shrimp instead of fish), more energy would be conserved and the food chain would lose less energy along the way. Given this fact, a bio pyramid is an important tool when looking at the laws of conservation of energy among different classes of organisms.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/bio-pyramid/">Bio Pyramid</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>A week in the life of an online student</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/a-week-in-the-life-of-an-online-student/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/a-week-in-the-life-of-an-online-student/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jun 2011 19:25:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[online degree distance learning]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=223</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ever wondered what it would be like to be taking college courses online? This entry will give you a flavor of how online classes are conducted and what you as the student have to do to be successful. The course I am taking is a human-computer interaction course for my Master&#8217;s in Computer Education. plagiarism [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/a-week-in-the-life-of-an-online-student/">A week in the life of an online student</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ever wondered what it would be like to be taking college courses online? This entry will give you a flavor of how online classes are conducted and what you as the student have to do to be successful. The course I am taking is a human-computer interaction course for my Master&#8217;s in Computer Education.</p>
<p><a href="http://plagiarismdetect.com">plagiarism detect</a> &#8211; useful source for students and writers.</p>
<p>Monday</p>
<p>I login to WebCT, my schools online course software, to pick up my weekly email from the course&#8217;s instructor. She details the assignments we need to complete this week, discussions to post, and includes a review for an upcoming test. While the list of assignments due this week is available in the syllabus on WebCT, I appreciate having this weekly reminder of what I need to complete this week.</p>
<p>I notice that new grades have been posted on some of the prior assignments I have already turned in. I am pleased with the result and note comments that she has made for future reference.</p>
<p>Tuesday</p>
<p>Today, I pulled open the book and read the assigned chapter. I used sticky notes to mark important sections that I might need for a test later. Some people prefer to mark in the book directly with highlighters, but I prefer stickies. There is also a Powerpoint presentation with 30 slides.</p>
<p>Wednesday</p>
<p>There is a video I need to watch. It is available online or I can pull it off the cd the professor provided at the beginning of the course. Since I have a high-bandwidth connection, I download and stream it directly from WebCT.<br />
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Thursday thru Saturday</p>
<p>These days I tend to work on my other course or not at all. As a consummate procrastinator, I tend to put the written assignments off until Sunday, or Saturday if they are extensive. I do read the assignments on Monday so that I can at least be thinking about them as I drive to and from work or have other down time.</p>
<p>Sunday</p>
<p>I prepare my written assignment(s). Then I go into WebCT into the appropriate assignment and upload the Word document with the professor&#8217;s naming convention. After the upload, the assignment is marked submitted and I receive a confirmation email that I was successful.</p>
<p>My final duty is to prepare an answer to a &#8220;discussion question of the week&#8221; in the WebCT bulletin board for this course. I scan through the prior postings and reply to an interesting one. Finally, I post my answer to the question and submit it. I review the schedule for next week to prepare myself for the following week. Another week complete.</p>
<p>I have taken a number of course from UNT through WebCT and others through other systems that the University provides. The University is only 30 miles away so I take face-to-face classes as well, because I really like the interaction of a class. I like both methodologies. You may prefer one or the other, you won&#8217;t know till you try.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/a-week-in-the-life-of-an-online-student/">A week in the life of an online student</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>5 Good Reasons To Pursue An Online It Degree</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/5-good-reasons-to-pursue-an-online-it-degree/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/5-good-reasons-to-pursue-an-online-it-degree/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jun 2011 19:24:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Weather]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[online degree]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Online IT Degree]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=221</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Pursuing an online IT degree can not only add to your education and beef up your resume; it can also boost your career and put you on the fast track to success. If you are tossing around the idea of going back to school, here are 5 reasons why an online IT degree is the [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/5-good-reasons-to-pursue-an-online-it-degree/">5 Good Reasons To Pursue An Online It Degree</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pursuing an online IT degree can not only add to your education and beef up your resume; it can also boost your career and put you on the fast track to success.  If you are tossing around the idea of going back to school, here are 5 reasons why an online IT degree is the right choice for you.</p>
<p>Good Reason #1: Convenience</p>
<p>There’s no doubt that getting an online IT degree is more convenient than getting your degree the traditional way.  It used to be that going back to school required you to rearrange your schedule, risking or perhaps even leaving your job so that you would be able to attend classes.  And as if that weren’t enough, you also had to sacrifice valuable time normally spent with your family and loved ones.</p>
<p>An online format changes all of that.  Instead of planning your life around your degree, plan your degree around your life: Log in, check messages, and do coursework all at your convenience.  If you want to &#8220;go&#8221; to class in the middle of the night in your pajamas, no one will be the wiser for it.  If you want to take advantage of the time you save not having to commute, you can even take an extra class or two and finish your degree a little faster.</p>
<p>Good Reason #2: Job Security</p>
<p>These days, you have your choice of online degrees you can pursue.  Information technology personnel are in demand.  The more businesses turn to computerized systems to run everything from inventory lists to complicated company networks, the clearer it becomes that information technology is the way of the future.</p>
<p>Businesses in particular need IT personnel in three specific areas: computer systems, programming, and networking.  Most businesses have computer systems that need to be set up and maintained.  In addition, some businesses, particularly large companies, program their own systems in-house.  And with any moderate or large sized business, there is a network that allows everyone’s computers to network, which will also need to be set up and maintained.</p>
<p>No matter what happens to other industries, these jobs are not going to go away, because they handle the things businesses are founded on.  An online IT degree will ensure you job security, by making you eligible to work in one of the most necessary industries in today’s business world.</p>
<p>Good Reason #3: Earning Power</p>
<p>The addition of a degree very often means a salary increase, but IT jobs are especially lucrative.  The salaries of IT personnel entering the workforce typically start at about $45,000 per year.  In addition, you have the option to add management training to your online IT degree, which will make you eligible for management positions starting at $80,000 or more per year.<br />
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Good Reason #4: Room for Advancement</p>
<p>An online IT degree puts you into a career where you will have plenty of room for advancement.  IT manager positions start out paying between $80,000 and $112,000 per year; increasing exponentially the higher you go.  The business world’s dependence on information technology has created a large IT workforce, which requires many high-level managers to keep the system running smoothly.</p>
<p>Good Reason #5: Availability of Perks</p>
<p>As with any job that has a lot of room for advancement, the higher up you go the more perks you get to enjoy.  Many IT managers enjoy things like paid travel, expense accounts, bonuses, and benefits such as stock options.  Having an online IT degree under your belt widens your possible career options dramatically, perhaps even making you eligible for careers and perks such as these.</p>
<p>If you want to beef up your resume with a degree or are looking for a career change, an online IT degree might be just the thing for you.  With the convenience of getting an online degree, combined with the benefits of working in the IT industry, the decision to get your online IT degree is the first and best step toward a successful life and career.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/5-good-reasons-to-pursue-an-online-it-degree/">5 Good Reasons To Pursue An Online It Degree</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>Animals and The Melting Arctic Ice Cap</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/animals-and-the-melting-arctic-ice-cap/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/animals-and-the-melting-arctic-ice-cap/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 Jun 2011 20:09:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[arctic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ice cap]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[melt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[melting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[polar bears]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[salmon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[seals]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=219</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The arguments for global warming can sound a bit vacuous when discussing temperature changes of only one degree. The impact of the melting Arctic ice cap on animals is much more tangible. Animals and The Melting Arctic Ice Cap There is little dispute that the Arctic ice cap is melting. Since 1979, it has definitively [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/animals-and-the-melting-arctic-ice-cap/">Animals and The Melting Arctic Ice Cap</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The arguments for global warming can sound a bit vacuous when discussing temperature changes of only one degree. The impact of the melting Arctic ice cap on animals is much more tangible.</p>
<p>Animals and The Melting Arctic Ice Cap</p>
<p>There is little dispute that the Arctic ice cap is melting. Since 1979, it has definitively shrunk by 20 percent. The issue amongst most people debating global warming is whether this is because of global warming or just a natural cycle of the planet.</p>
<p>From a common sense point of view, it is difficult to imagine global warming is having no impact on the ice caps. The rising temperature of the planet would seem to be a common sense cause of the melting ice. Alas, common sense rarely seems to be used in debates these days.<br />
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As the cap melts, the impact on animals in the area is readily apparent. The primary problem is the reduction of habitat. Polar bears are the most obvious animals suffering from this situation. The habitat of the polar bears is the ice flow areas around the edges of the caps. As the caps melt, the flows are disappearing and pulling back to the extent that there is no ice on the shores. The extent of the melting is such that a Russian ship was able to reach the North Pole in 2005 without the use of an ice breaker. This lost habitat is pushing the polar bears to the edge of extinction. Various estimates put the total population at 20,000 and dropping.</p>
<p>There are, however, positive developments for some species. Recent empirical evidence shows the various seal populations of the Arctic are exhibiting growing population numbers. The exact reason is unclear, but they are appearing more and more in southern regions of the cap, which leads to the conclusion that their habitat is actually expanding.</p>
<p>The receding caps are also opening up extensive new habitats for fish. The melting ice is full of nutrients and fish migration to the new opening seas is astounding. Pink salmon, in particular is being seen spawning in rivers far to the north of their usual spawning grounds.</p>
<p>In general, the impact of the melting Arctic ice caps is a mixed situation. The polar bears certainly don’t see anything to be happy about.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/animals-and-the-melting-arctic-ice-cap/">Animals and The Melting Arctic Ice Cap</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>Diagnosing Personality Disorders</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/diagnosing-personality-disorders/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/diagnosing-personality-disorders/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Jun 2011 19:21:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Psychology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Diagnosing Personality Disorders]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=217</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Personality traits are enduring, usually rigid patterns of behavior, thinking (cognition), and emoting expressed in a variety of circumstances and situations and throughout one&#8217;s life (typically from early adolescence onward). Some personality traits are harmful to both oneself and to others. These are the dysfunctional traits. Often they cause discomfort and the person bearing these [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/diagnosing-personality-disorders/">Diagnosing Personality Disorders</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Personality traits are enduring, usually rigid patterns of behavior, thinking (cognition), and emoting expressed in a variety of circumstances and situations and throughout one&#8217;s life (typically from early adolescence onward). Some personality traits are harmful to both oneself and to others. These are the dysfunctional traits. Often they cause discomfort and the person bearing these traits is unhappy and self-critical. This is called ego-dystony. At other times, even the most pernicious personality traits are happily endorsed and even flaunted by the patient. This is called &#8220;ego-syntony&#8221;.</p>
<p>The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) describes 12 ideal &#8220;prototypes&#8221; of personality disorders. It provides lists of seven to nine personality traits per each disorder. These are called &#8220;diagnostic criteria&#8221;. Whenever five of these criteria are met, a qualified mental health diagnostician can safely diagnose the existence of a personality disorder.</p>
<p>But important caveats apply.</p>
<p>No two people are alike. Even subjects suffering from the same personality disorder can be worlds apart as far as their backgrounds, actual conduct, inner world, character, social interactions, and temperament go.</p>
<p>Diagnosing the existence of a personality trait (applying the diagnostic criteria) is an art, not a science. Evaluating someone&#8217;s conduct, appraising the patient&#8217;s cognitive and emotional landscape, and attributing motivation to him or her, is a matter of judgment. There is no calibrated scientific instrument that can provide us with an objective reading of whether one lacks empathy, is unscrupulous, is sexualizing situations and people, or is clinging and needy.<br />
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Regrettably, the process is inevitably tainted by value judgments as well. Mental health practitioners are only human (well, OK, some of them are&#8230;:o)). They hail from specific social, economic, and cultural backgrounds. They do their best to neutralize their personal bias and prejudices but their efforts often fail. Many critics charge that certain personality disorders are &#8220;culture-bound&#8221;. They reflect our contemporary sensitivities and values rather than invariable psychological entities and constructs.</p>
<p>Thus, someone with the Antisocial Personality Disorder is supposed to disrespect social rules and regard himself as a free agent. He lacks conscience and is often a criminal. This means that non-conformists, dissenters, and dissidents can be pathologized and labeled &#8220;antisocial&#8221;. Indeed, authoritarian regimes often incarcerate their opponents in mental asylums based on such dubious &#8220;diagnoses&#8221;. Moreover, crime is a career choice. Granted, it is a harmful and unpalatable one. But since when is one&#8217;s choice of vocation a mental health problem?</p>
<p>If you believe in telepathy and UFOs and have bizarre rituals, mannerisms, and speech patterns, you may be diagnosed with the Schizotypal Personality Disorder. If you shun others and are a loner, you may be a Schizoid. And the list goes on.</p>
<p>To avoid these pitfalls, the DSM came up with a multi-axial model of personality evaluation.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/diagnosing-personality-disorders/">Diagnosing Personality Disorders</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>On Being Human</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/on-being-human/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/on-being-human/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Jun 2011 08:00:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Philosophy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Being Human]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=215</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Are we human because of unique traits and attributes not shared with either animal or machine? The definition of &#8220;human&#8221; is circular: we are human by virtue of the properties that make us human (i.e., distinct from animal and machine). It is a definition by negation: that which separates us from animal and machine is [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/on-being-human/">On Being Human</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are we human because of unique traits and attributes not shared with either animal or machine? The definition of &#8220;human&#8221; is circular: we are human by virtue of the properties that make us human (i.e., distinct from animal and machine). It is a definition by negation: that which separates us from animal and machine is our &#8220;human-ness&#8221;.</p>
<p>We are human because we are not animal, nor machine. But such thinking has been rendered progressively less tenable by the advent of evolutionary and neo-evolutionary theories which postulate a continuum in nature between animals and Man.</p>
<p>Our uniqueness is partly quantitative and partly qualitative. Many animals are capable of cognitively manipulating symbols and using tools. Few are as adept at it as we are. These are easily quantifiable differences &#8211; two of many.</p>
<p>Qualitative differences are a lot more difficult to substantiate. In the absence of privileged access to the animal mind, we cannot and don&#8217;t know if animals feel guilt, for instance. Do animals love? Do they have a concept of sin? What about object permanence, meaning, reasoning, self-awareness, critical thinking? Individuality? Emotions? Empathy? Is artificial intelligence (AI) an oxymoron? A machine that passes the Turing Test may well be described as &#8220;human&#8221;. But is it really? And if it is not &#8211; why isn&#8217;t it?</p>
<p>Literature is full of stories of monsters &#8211; Frankenstein, the Golem  &#8211; and androids or anthropoids. Their behaviour is more &#8220;humane&#8221; than the humans around them. This, perhaps, is what really sets humans apart: their behavioural unpredictability. It is yielded by the interaction between Mankind&#8217;s underlying immutable genetically-determined nature &#8211; and Man&#8217;s kaleidoscopically changing environments.<br />
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The Constructivists even claim that Human Nature is a mere cultural artefact. Sociobiologists, on the other hand, are determinists. They believe that human nature &#8211; being the inevitable and inexorable outcome of our bestial ancestry &#8211; cannot be the subject of moral judgment.</p>
<p>An improved Turing Test would look for baffling and erratic patterns of misbehaviour to identify humans. Pico della Mirandola wrote in &#8220;Oration on the Dignity of Man&#8221; that Man was born without a form and can mould and transform &#8211; actually, create &#8211; himself at will. Existence precedes essence, said the Existentialists centuries later.</p>
<p>The one defining human characteristic may be our awareness of our mortality. The automatically triggered, &#8220;fight or flight&#8221;, battle for survival is common to all living things (and to appropriately programmed machines). Not so the catalytic effects of imminent death. These are uniquely human. The appreciation of the fleeting translates into aesthetics, the uniqueness of our ephemeral life breeds morality, and the scarcity of time gives rise to ambition and creativity.</p>
<p>In an infinite life, everything materializes at one time or another, so the concept of choice is spurious. The realization of our finiteness forces us to choose among alternatives. This act of selection is predicated upon the existence of &#8220;free will&#8221;. Animals and machines are thought to be devoid of choice, slaves to their genetic or human programming.</p>
<p>Yet, all these answers to the question: &#8220;What does it mean to be human&#8221; &#8211; are lacking.</p>
<p>The set of attributes we designate as human is subject to profound alteration. Drugs, neuroscience, introspection, and experience all cause irreversible changes in these traits and characteristics. The accumulation of these changes can lead, in principle, to the emergence of new properties, or to the abolition of old ones.</p>
<p>Animals and machines are not supposed to possess free will or exercise it. What, then, about fusions of machines and humans (bionics)? At which point does a human turn into a machine? And why should we assume that free will ceases to exist at that &#8211; rather arbitrary &#8211; point?</p>
<p>Introspection &#8211; the ability to construct self-referential and recursive models of the world &#8211; is supposed to be a uniquely human quality. What about introspective machines? Surely, say the critics, such machines are PROGRAMMED to introspect, as opposed to humans. To qualify as introspection, it must be WILLED, they continue. Yet, if introspection is willed &#8211; WHO wills it? Self-willed introspection leads to infinite regression and formal logical paradoxes.</p>
<p>Moreover, the notion &#8211; if not the formal concept &#8211; of &#8220;human&#8221; rests on many hidden assumptions and conventions.</p>
<p>Political correctness notwithstanding &#8211; why presume that men and women (or different races) are identically human? Aristotle thought they were not. A lot separates males from females &#8211; genetically (both genotype and phenotype) and environmentally (culturally). What is common to these two sub-species that makes them both &#8220;human&#8221;?</p>
<p>Can we conceive of a human without body (i.e., a Platonian Form, or soul)? Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas think not. A soul has no existence separate from the body. A machine-supported energy field with mental states similar to ours today &#8211; would it be considered human? What about someone in a state of coma &#8211; is he or she (or it) fully human?</p>
<p>Is a new born baby human &#8211; or, at least, fully human &#8211; and, if so, in which sense? What about a future human race &#8211; whose features would be unrecognizable to us? Machine-based intelligence &#8211; would it be thought of as human? If yes, when would it be considered human?</p>
<p>In all these deliberations, we may be confusing &#8220;human&#8221; with &#8220;person&#8221;. The former is a private case of the latter. Locke&#8217;s person is a moral agent, a being responsible for its actions. It is constituted by the continuity of its mental states accessible to introspection.</p>
<p>Locke&#8217;s is a functional definition. It readily accommodates non-human persons (machines, energy matrices) if the functional conditions are satisfied. Thus, an android which meets the prescribed requirements is more human than a brain dead person.</p>
<p>Descartes&#8217; objection that one cannot specify conditions of singularity and identity over time for disembodied souls is right only if we assume that such &#8220;souls&#8221; possess no energy. A bodiless intelligent energy matrix which maintains its form and identity over time is conceivable. Certain AI and genetic software programs already do it.</p>
<p>Strawson is Cartesian and Kantian in his definition of a &#8220;person&#8221; as a &#8220;primitive&#8221;. Both the corporeal predicates and those pertaining to mental states apply equally, simultaneously, and inseparably to all the individuals of that type of entity. Human beings are one such entity. Some, like Wiggins, limit the list of possible persons to animals &#8211; but this is far from rigorously necessary and is unduly restrictive.</p>
<p>The truth is probably in a synthesis:</p>
<p>A person is any type of fundamental and irreducible entity whose typical physical individuals (i.e., members) are capable of continuously experiencing a range of states of consciousness and permanently having a list of psychological attributes.</p>
<p>This definition allows for non-animal persons and recognizes the personhood of a brain damaged human (&#8220;capable of experiencing&#8221;). It also incorporates Locke&#8217;s view of humans as possessing an ontological status similar to &#8220;clubs&#8221; or &#8220;nations&#8221; &#8211; their personal identity consists of a variety of interconnected psychological continuities.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/on-being-human/">On Being Human</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>Arkansas Child Support and Enforcement</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/arkansas-child-support-and-enforcement/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/arkansas-child-support-and-enforcement/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 08 Jun 2011 03:27:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Legal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[arkansas child support]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[child support]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[child support laws]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OCSE]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=212</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Child Support Arkansas child support is known to be administered under the Office of Child Support Enforcement. The (OCSE) is under the jurisdiction of the Division of Revenue, which is within the Department of Finance and Administration. Applying for Child Support Any parent who receives state assistance, such as Foster care or Transitional Employment Assistance [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/arkansas-child-support-and-enforcement/">Arkansas Child Support and Enforcement</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Child Support</strong><br />
Arkansas child support is known to be administered under the Office of Child Support Enforcement. The (OCSE) is under the jurisdiction of the Division of Revenue, which is within the Department of Finance and Administration.</p>
<p><strong>Applying for Child Support</strong><br />
Any parent who receives state assistance, such as Foster care or Transitional Employment Assistance will be automatically referred to the Office of Child Support Enforcement for any child support help. Child Support applications can be obtained through your local child support enforcement office or by calling the local number which is provided for you by clicking the link below. The Office of Child Support Enforcement aims to retrieve at least a partial amount of the actual cost of services that it provides to parents that are not in the Transitional Employment Assistance programs. These cost include: legal work done by an (OCSE) attorney, cost to establish paternity, and the expenses of locating the missing non-custodial parent.</p>
<p><strong>Enforcing Arkansas Child Support</strong><br />
Child support laws, weather state or federal provides a numerous amount of tools and methods that Arkansas child support can us to collect and enforce child support laws. These methods include: income withholding, property liens, unemployment compensations deducted, reporting any debt to the credit bureaus, the suspensions of drivers licenses etc. These methods will be enforced on any non-custodial parent who is behind are refuses to pay child support.<br />
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<strong>Modifying Arkansas Child Support</strong><br />
Over the years child support orders may need to be modified due to a change in life styles. The OCSE office can provides assistance  with these procedures. You may also modify a child support order and have it terminated if the child no longer needs support.</p>
<p>In today’s world, child support plays an important role in the custodial parent and child’s life. Child support payments assist the custodial parents to provide and nurture their children. Child support payments help pay for food, clothes and anything else the child may need to survive and live a health live. For more information on Arkansas Child Support, please click the links below.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/arkansas-child-support-and-enforcement/">Arkansas Child Support and Enforcement</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>English Grammar Really Does Matter</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/english-grammar-really-does-matter/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/english-grammar-really-does-matter/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Jun 2011 02:29:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Language]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[english grammar]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=209</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Whether we are talking about a five year old that is about to start learning to read or whether we are talking about a thirty year old woman who is attempting to write a thesis for her master&#8217;s degree, we cannot deny the fact that taking time to learn proper English grammar is important. When [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/english-grammar-really-does-matter/">English Grammar Really Does Matter</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whether we are talking about a five year old that is about to start learning to read or whether we are talking about a thirty year old woman who is attempting to write a thesis for her master&#8217;s degree, we cannot deny the fact that taking time to learn proper English grammar is important.</p>
<p>When we see or hear about English grammar, the immediate reaction of many people I know is to cringe. They are reminded of junior high and high school English class and the way that their English teachers made them to English grammar exercise after exercise. Because English grammar is usually seen in such a negative sense, it is all the more important that people replace those lies with the truth that learning English grammar really is important for anyone who wants to have a proper perspective of the English language.</p>
<p>When we are speaking or hearing English, not too many of us take the time to think about the fact that English grammar is the very thing that allows us to communicate with and understand one another. It is not so much because we use the same words of the English language, but it is because we all put our words together in certain ways to form thoughts and sentences that we can understand each other. This, in short, is the purpose of English grammar.</p>
<p>English grammar is the mechanics of the English langauge that allows for two people who use the same vocabulary to be able to communicate without misunderstanding. Certainly there will always be some level of misunderstaning that happens when two people communicate, but so much of our problems will be lessened if we all take some time to learn English grammar.<br />
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Many schools today are moving away from making English grammar a part of the regular curriculum. So while students may learn how to read and write successfully, they will likely never learn the English grammar or the reasons why they are speaking and writing as they are. So if you or someone you know is struggling with any element of the English language, or if you know a child or someone who is attempting to learn English for the first time, then make sure English grammar is included as an important part of the learning process.</p>
<p>Being able to speak, understand and write a language is an important part of being successful no matter what you do in life. And taking the time to learn even the basics of English grammar will go far in helping people communicate even better.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/english-grammar-really-does-matter/">English Grammar Really Does Matter</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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		<title>Back to School Responsibilities Again</title>
		<link>http://duckforcongress.org/back-to-school-responsibilities-again/</link>
		<comments>http://duckforcongress.org/back-to-school-responsibilities-again/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jun 2011 21:40:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[K-12 Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[educate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[new]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[old]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[responsibilities]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[responsibility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[school]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://duckforcongress.org/?p=207</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It’s that time of year when mom and dad look for ways to improve their child’s academic standing during the upcoming scholastic year or, at least, they should be. There are many options to weigh in such as: new school clothes, school supplies, peer pressure, after school care, homework, league sports, and transportation. This is [...]<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/back-to-school-responsibilities-again/">Back to School Responsibilities Again</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It’s that time of year when mom and dad look for ways to improve their child’s academic standing during the upcoming scholastic year or, at least, they should be.</p>
<p>There are many options to weigh in such as: new school clothes, school supplies, peer pressure, after school care, homework, league sports, and transportation.</p>
<p>This is time of year for great changes, but here are two changes that will impact your child for life and require a bit of work and commitment on your part.</p>
<p>Expose your child or children to some kind of faith: The faith of your parents, your faith, your spouse’s faith, or the faith that you left behind.  Set an example and start attending a temple, mosque, shrine, or church right now.</p>
<p>If your children have nothing to believe in, will they have a happy, productive, and successful life?  You already know the answer to the question, and it requires work to teach children.  Anybody can let years go by, and teach their children nothing.<br />
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Find a hobby that suits your child and have them stick to it.  Oh no, more work!  Yes, it is, but your child will benefit immensely from this decision.</p>
<p>It could be dance, Yoga, martial arts, music, gymnastics, boy scouts, girl scouts, or something else, but whatever it is, your child should initially like it.  At that point have them make a commitment and don’t allow them to quit unless there is a solid reason.</p>
<p>If a coach, teacher, or tutor is abusive, that’s an understandable reason to leave, but you can always find another coach.  In truth, if you allow laziness, in your child, you will receive it.  Children will usually follow the path of least resistance, but they crave structure.</p>
<p>My experience has been: Children constantly turn their attitudes around, for the better, in martial arts and Yoga classes.  Due to the fact, that there is a formal set of existing rules and a code of conduct.</p>
<p>Don’t allow them to sit in a corner with a video game and a television, except for rare occasions.  There are too many good things going on in the “real world” that need their attention.</p>
<p>These two changes will instill fortitude, perseverance, and goal-setting skills that last a lifetime.  The rewards can be endless, for your whole family.</p>
<p><a href="http://duckforcongress.org/back-to-school-responsibilities-again/">Back to School Responsibilities Again</a> is a post from: <a href="http://duckforcongress.org">Duck For Congress | Educations sites</a></p>
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