http://ieeexplore.ieee.org TOC Alert for Publication# 13 2012 May 24 Your (optional) copyright messageType in keywords, separated by commas, that can help listeners locate your podcast when searching with iTunesYour (optional) podcast author email addressYour (optional) podcast author nameYour (optional) podcast author namenoType in keywords, separated by commas, that can help listeners locate your podcast when searching with iTunesType a description you would like potential listeners to see when viewing your podcast listing in iTunesType a description you would like potential listeners to see when viewing your podcast listing in iTunes 55 2 C1 C4 125 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 C2 C2 41 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 157 163 708 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 164 168 447 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 169 179 4005 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 180 189 931 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 190 195 287 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 196 202 672 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 203 212 1499 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 213 217 312 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 218 225 1154 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 226 232 1496 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) V_id, both laboratory measurements and PSPICE and LTspice simulation results for the output voltage V_o are considerably lower than one base emitter unit V_BE(on) below the supply voltage V_CC, as predicted by a textbook derivation. Modification of the derivation to include the p-n-p transistor base currents and the current gain β_P and the supply voltage and specifications for the four transistors provide equations that predict results for V_o that are consistent with laboratory experience and computer simulations. The output voltage is in excess of three V_BE(on) units below V_CC when β_P is 50. At larger values for β_P , V_o is increased by a factor proportional to 1/β_P, reaching one V_BE(on) unit below V_CC as β_P approaches infinity. Larger values for V_CC cause an additional modest difference between V_CC and V_o at low values for β_P. The derived equations and LTspice values are used to develop an empirical equation that predicts output voltages for the given Early voltages. The technique is adaptable to student data evaluation assignments. The computer simulations also showed that increased supply voltage results in increased gain for a given input value for V_id, while larger values for β_P result in a modest increase in gain at all values of V_CC.]]> 55 2 233 237 1159 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 238 247 1236 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 248 254 1161 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 255 262 1230 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 263 270 1155 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 271 278 2351 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 279 284 529 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) Z-transforms of rational functions have some limitation: 1) the direct division method does not, in general, provide enough information to derive an analytical expression for the time-domain sequence x(k) whose Z-transform is X(z) ; 2) computation using the inversion integral method becomes labored when X(z)zk-1 has poles at the origin of the complex plane; 3) the partial-fraction expansion method, in spite of being acknowledged as the simplest and easiest one to compute the inverse Z-transform and being widely used in textbooks, lacks a standard procedure like its inverse Laplace transform counterpart. This paper addresses all the difficulties of the existing methods for computing inverse Z -transforms of rational functions, presents an easy and straightforward way to overcome the limitation of the inversion integral method when X(z)zk-1 has poles at the origin, and derives five expressions for the pairs of time-domain sequences and corresponding Z-transforms that are actually needed in the computation of inverse Z -transform using partial-fraction expansion.]]> 55 2 285 290 1402 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 291 298 2586 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 299 304 1130 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 305 305 87 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 306 306 133 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 307 307 1346 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 308 308 320 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 C3 C3 32 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) 55 2 1 2 189 Your (optional) podcast author email address (Your (optional) podcast author name) en-usYour (optional) copyright messageYour (optional) podcast author namenonadult