<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564</id><updated>2024-11-01T03:34:38.312-07:00</updated><category term="Desarrollo"/><category term="¿Por qué soy un economista?"/><title type='text'>El Gacetill</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>16</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-2515104416861451379</id><published>2012-03-02T12:24:00.003-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-02T12:33:06.608-08:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Desarrollo"/><title type='text'>Empowering Women Is Smart Economics -- Finance &amp; Development</title><content type='html'>NOT long ago women faced tremendous barriers as they sought  opportunities that would set them on an equal footing with men. Going  back a mere quarter century, inequality between women and men was widely  apparent—in university classrooms, in the workplace, and even in homes.  Since then, the lives of women and girls around the world have improved  dramatically in many respects. In most countries—rich and  developing—they are going to school more, living longer, getting better  jobs, and acquiring legal rights and protections.&lt;br /&gt;
But large gender gaps remain. Women and girls are more likely to die,  relative to men and boys, in many low- and middle-income countries than  their counterparts in rich countries. Women earn less and are less  economically productive than men almost everywhere across the world. And  women have less opportunity to shape their lives and make decisions  than do men.&lt;br /&gt;
According to the World Bank’s 2012 &lt;i&gt;World Development Report: Gender Equality and Development&lt;/i&gt;,  closing these gender gaps matters for development and policymaking.  Greater gender equality can enhance economic productivity, improve  development outcomes for the next generation, and make institutions and  policies more representative.&lt;br /&gt;
Many gender disparities remain even as countries develop, which calls  for sustained and focused public action. Corrective policies will yield  substantial development payoffs if they focus on persistent gender  inequalities that matter most for welfare. To be effective, these  measures must target the root causes of inequality without ignoring the  domestic political economy (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2012/03/revenga.htm&quot;&gt;Full Article&lt;/a&gt;).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/2515104416861451379/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2012/03/empowering-women-is-smart-economics.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/2515104416861451379'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/2515104416861451379'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2012/03/empowering-women-is-smart-economics.html' title='Empowering Women Is Smart Economics -- Finance &amp; Development'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-1893685220287225866</id><published>2011-11-08T06:50:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-11-08T06:50:46.068-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Europe’s Darkness at Noon - Barry Eichengreen - Project Syndicate</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/eichengreen36/English&quot;&gt;Europe’s Darkness at Noon - Barry Eichengreen - Project Syndicate&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/1893685220287225866/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/11/europes-darkness-at-noon-barry.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/1893685220287225866'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/1893685220287225866'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/11/europes-darkness-at-noon-barry.html' title='Europe’s Darkness at Noon - Barry Eichengreen - Project Syndicate'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-7774495857279385534</id><published>2011-05-20T23:34:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-05-20T23:34:58.425-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Programas Sociales: ¿Qué mejorar?</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; 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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXAZ0HXQu3RfmWDr1RKxLOxJMgRn-Lb57YP2uanmpHoApKhjn3lztsJnT03mXGzDxFbL4Dgu-lMoyIN8jDDvHs_lect1eua1ba3bDzcGArGW1ZndXRFJh9_O9pUgS3E3eBAu4YFGSD4ZyY/s1600/pobreza.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;267&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXAZ0HXQu3RfmWDr1RKxLOxJMgRn-Lb57YP2uanmpHoApKhjn3lztsJnT03mXGzDxFbL4Dgu-lMoyIN8jDDvHs_lect1eua1ba3bDzcGArGW1ZndXRFJh9_O9pUgS3E3eBAu4YFGSD4ZyY/s320/pobreza.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Los programas sociales no son malos, por el contrario, son necesarios para dar un “empuje” a determinados sectores de la población a iniciar un cambio en sus oportunidades de desarrollo. Muchos de los hogares más pobres de nuestra sociedad están destinados a seguir en su pobreza. Con mayor probabilidad, los hijos de hogares pobres se mantendrán en la pobreza, ello no impide que un pequeño grupo sobresalga y abandone la pobreza, pero no deja de ser eso, un grupo pequeño.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Como se pregunta&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larepublica.com.pe/actualidad-economica-javier-iguiniz/19/09/2010/arriba-los-de-arriba-abajo-los-de-abajo&quot;&gt;Javier M. Iguiñiz&lt;/a&gt;, en un artículo publicado en la República en el 2010, ¿Por qué para unos es tan fácil mantenerse “arriba” y para otros es tan probable seguir “abajo”?, ¿En qué hay que poner nuestros esfuerzos para cambiar esta realidad? El actor más importante y el que tiene que estar más interesado en este problema es el Estado.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Uno de los medios para este fin, es una adecuada ejecución de los programas sociales. Pero si siempre se han llevado a cabo diversos programas sociales, ¿por qué aún no hemos mejorado en este problema? La respuesta está en los problemas de focalización, aquellos problemas relacionados a beneficiar a quienes realmente se debe beneficiar. Hay mucha evidencia sobre esto, los problemas más graves no necesariamente se deben a la subcobertura, sino que los programas sociales están beneficiando a personas que no deberían, personas que pueden acceder a los bienes o servicios que el programa cubre, pero sin embargo, los mecanismos hacen que tengan incentivos para “filtrarse”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Un estudio de referencia es el realizado por &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/cd61/seguro-escolar.pdf&quot;&gt;Miguel Jaramillo&lt;/a&gt; para el caso del Seguro Escolar Gratuito (SEG) y el Seguro Materno Infantil (SMI), dos programas de extensión de cobertura en salud, establecidos entre 1997 y 1998 &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;por el Ministerio de Salud, orientados a eliminar la barrera económica de acceso a estos servicios. Los resultados muestran problemas más significativos para el caso del SMI, este presentó subcobertura y errores de Focalización. Pero lo que ambos programas compartieron fue el hecho de no haber tenido impacto sobre el quintil inferior, es decir, sobre los más pobres.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Queda mucho por corregir en esta materia, aún no se aprende de las experiencias pasadas, queda pendiente mejorar la ejecución de estos programas que deberían tener un impacto en el sector menos favorecido, el objetivo tiene que ser el de darle las condiciones mínimas a la población más pobre para que pueda desarrollarse. Además, los programas sociales que se apliquen no deberían ir aislados, tienen que estar complementados entre sí dentro de un marco mayor cuyo fin es cambiar el rumbo al que está destinada actualmente la generación de aquellos hogares pobres.&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/7774495857279385534/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/05/programas-sociales-que-mejorar.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7774495857279385534'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7774495857279385534'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/05/programas-sociales-que-mejorar.html' title='Programas Sociales: ¿Qué mejorar?'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXAZ0HXQu3RfmWDr1RKxLOxJMgRn-Lb57YP2uanmpHoApKhjn3lztsJnT03mXGzDxFbL4Dgu-lMoyIN8jDDvHs_lect1eua1ba3bDzcGArGW1ZndXRFJh9_O9pUgS3E3eBAu4YFGSD4ZyY/s72-c/pobreza.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-3168491486007204143</id><published>2011-04-12T18:34:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-04-12T18:40:12.456-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Elecciones 2011: ¿qué pasó en el Perú?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVERukklLzfKw2e8o_75o5eoKVBBDeb5rahUkeXV7xhe71Xd-IIDUbUwCk2aoxKBfLayi2ILBPQfNggptP11EYh_H9cixpudh7L83sTk5csT6hGcE9v3rmdpylDjkb7g0EsSapQokqW4_2/s1600/images.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVERukklLzfKw2e8o_75o5eoKVBBDeb5rahUkeXV7xhe71Xd-IIDUbUwCk2aoxKBfLayi2ILBPQfNggptP11EYh_H9cixpudh7L83sTk5csT6hGcE9v3rmdpylDjkb7g0EsSapQokqW4_2/s1600/images.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Luego de los resultados de la primera vuelta sólo nos queda reflexionar y no dejarnos llevar por miedos infundados. Lo que tenemos que aprender es a respetar los resultados democráticos, nos guste o no.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Aquí, un artículo interesante de Farid Kahhat a tomar en cuenta.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.americaeconomia.com/politica-sociedad/politica/elecciones-2011-que-paso-en-el-peru&quot;&gt;http://www.americaeconomia.com/politica-sociedad/politica/elecciones-2011-que-paso-en-el-peru&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/3168491486007204143/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/04/elecciones-2011-que-paso-en-el-peru.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/3168491486007204143'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/3168491486007204143'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/04/elecciones-2011-que-paso-en-el-peru.html' title='Elecciones 2011: ¿qué pasó en el Perú?'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVERukklLzfKw2e8o_75o5eoKVBBDeb5rahUkeXV7xhe71Xd-IIDUbUwCk2aoxKBfLayi2ILBPQfNggptP11EYh_H9cixpudh7L83sTk5csT6hGcE9v3rmdpylDjkb7g0EsSapQokqW4_2/s72-c/images.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-7534983564457461489</id><published>2011-02-10T16:57:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-10T17:03:38.702-08:00</updated><title type='text'>El Top 20 de los artículos del American Economic Review</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Por su 100 años, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aeaweb.org/aer/index.php&quot;&gt;American Economic Review &lt;/a&gt;(AER) encargó al comité conformado por Kenneth J. Arrow, B. Douglas Bernheim, Martin S. Feldstein, Daniel L. McFadden, James M. Poterba, y Robert M. Solow; escojer los 20 artículos más importantes que fueron publicados en la AER durante el siglo pasado.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Algunas de las referencias para la elección final fueron el número de citas del artículo en otras investigaciones y el número de investigaciones en &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jstor.org/&quot;&gt;JSTOR &lt;/a&gt;. Por supuesto que a ello se sumó la calidad intelectual, la influencia en las ideas y aplicaciones&amp;nbsp; de los economistas y la significancia general en el desarrollo de la teoría económica y en las decisiones de política en el mundo real.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Los que destacan en la lista son Diamond y Stiglitz, con dos artículos cada uno. El top 20 comprende los siguientes papers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Alchian, Armen A., and Harold Demsetz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1972. “Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Arrow, Kenneth J. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1963. “Uncertainty and the Welfare Economics of Medical Care.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Italic&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Cobb, Charles W., and Paul H. Douglas. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1928. “A Theory of Production.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Deaton, Angus S., and John Muellbauer. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1980. “An Almost Ideal Demand System.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Diamond, Peter A. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1965. “National Debt in a Neoclassical Growth Model.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Diamond, Peter A., and James A. Mirrlees. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1971. “Optimal Taxation and Public Production I: Production Efficiency.”&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Italic&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;UniMath&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;UniMath&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;, “Optimal Taxation and Public Production II: Tax Rules.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Dixit, Avinash K., and Joseph E. Stiglitz. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1977. “Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Italic&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Friedman, Milton. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1968. “The Role of Monetary Policy.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Grossman, Sanford J., and Joseph E. Stiglitz. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1980. “On the Impossibility of Informationally Efficient Markets.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Harris, John R., and Michael P. Todaro. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1970. “Migration, Unemployment and Development: A Two-Sector Analysis.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Italic&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Hayek, F. A. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;1945. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;“The Use of Knowledge in Society.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Italic&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Jorgenson, Dale W. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1963. “Capital Theory and Investment Behavior.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Krueger, Anne O. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1974. “The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Krugman, Paul. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1980. “Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Kuznets, Simon. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1955. “Economic Growth and Income Inequality.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Lucas, Robert E., Jr. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1973. “Some International Evidence on Output-Inflation Tradeoffs.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Modigliani, Franco, and Merton H. Miller. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1958. “The Cost of Capital, Corporation Finance and the Theory of Investment.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Italic&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Mundell, Robert A. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1961. “A Theory of Optimum Currency Areas.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Ross, Stephen A. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1973. “The Economic Theory of Agency: The Principal’s Problem.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Bold&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Shiller, Robert J. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;TimesLTStd-Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1981. “Do Stock Prices Move Too Much to Be Justified by Subsequent Changes in Dividends?” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Puedes leer la síntesis de cada artículo &lt;a href=&quot;http://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/aer.101.1.1&quot;&gt;aquí.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/7534983564457461489/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/02/el-top-20-de-los-articulos-del-american.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7534983564457461489'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7534983564457461489'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/02/el-top-20-de-los-articulos-del-american.html' title='El Top 20 de los artículos del American Economic Review'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-6223027193179058025</id><published>2011-02-10T10:03:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-10T10:05:44.121-08:00</updated><title type='text'>The Poverty of Dictatorship by Dani Rodrik - Project Syndicate</title><content type='html'>Aquí un artículo sobre los hechos relacionados a los &quot;aparentes&quot; éxitos  económicos en Egipto y Tunes opacados por el tipo de régimen político  que domina estos países árabes. Dani Rodrik nos deja una conclusión  general: Los logros en materia económica tienen que ir de la mano de un  desarrollo institucional que sea capaz de atender las demandas de la  población.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/rodrik53/English&quot;&gt;The Poverty of Dictatorship by Dani Rodrik - Project Syndicate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/6223027193179058025/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/02/poverty-of-dictatorship-by-dani-rodrik.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/6223027193179058025'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/6223027193179058025'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/02/poverty-of-dictatorship-by-dani-rodrik.html' title='The Poverty of Dictatorship by Dani Rodrik - Project Syndicate'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-5517621902135946170</id><published>2011-02-01T16:27:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-01T16:27:05.070-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Mundo árabe convulsionado: Poder de tres décadas</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;ES&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/&gt;    &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/&gt;    &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs/&gt;    &lt;w:CachedColBalance/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiWXE_YM0CSfbZuvd04Yju_AoU0paIcxx63JNtZPS_XcFOMUyceb__B3KBHSKDlEX8b8Mul8t5mx2OGj1MhDcnP1ZmlmFVpV4kNM1seRzv70-5BT63JieNPaqpLFwyA0ndwJLecTI8aYT9/s1600/CrisiEgipto.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;97&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiWXE_YM0CSfbZuvd04Yju_AoU0paIcxx63JNtZPS_XcFOMUyceb__B3KBHSKDlEX8b8Mul8t5mx2OGj1MhDcnP1ZmlmFVpV4kNM1seRzv70-5BT63JieNPaqpLFwyA0ndwJLecTI8aYT9/s400/CrisiEgipto.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Portada ElPais.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Hoy Egipto amaneció a la espera del discurso de su presidente Hosni Mubarak en medio de &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;protestas que ya van por su segunda semana. Lo que muchos han llamado “día D” comenzó, como hace varios días, con la concentración de miles de manifestantes en la plaza Tahrir en centro del Cairo. Las medidas anunciadas de creación de un nuevo gobierno con reformas constitucionales no fueron suficientes. La población egipcia quiere que el régimen de Mubarak, quien ha gobernado por tres décadas, de un paso al costado y abra espacio a un cambio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Durante el día la población manifestante continuó con su denominada “marcha del millón”. Hoy la marcha fue pacífica, quizás porque el ejército decidió no acatar el toque de queda luego de una jornada, iniciada el martes pasado, que ya tiene como resultado alrededor de 200 personas muertas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La noche llegó, y Mubarak por fin dio su discurso. Para disgusto de la mayoría, dejó en claro que no saldrá del poder hasta las nuevas elecciones de setiembre en las que no participará. Acusó a la oposición de haber manipulado a la población y creado el caos en el país. Además manifestó que pedirá al parlamento que se revisen los artículos referentes a la reelección y los partidos políticos. Estas declaraciones no serán suficientes para calmar a una población que amenazó con seguir protestando si hoy Mubarak no dimitía.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Mientras las protestas continúen la economía interna se verá mucho más afectada. Hasta el momento se estima que las pérdidas llegan a los 8,700 millones de euros. El sector más afectado es el turismo, que representa un 11% del PBI egipcio y del cual dependen 1 de cada 8 empleos. Como es de esperar ante tal crisis política y social, la actividad comercial se ha paralizado y los precios se han disparado. Esto último agrava la situación de al menos &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;40% de la población que subsiste con menos de 2 euros al día.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;El futuro cercano de Egipto aún es incierto; y mientras ello dure, los efectos hacia otros países comienzan a hacerse notar. El principal efecto de la crisis del país más poblado del mundo árabe en la economía mundial, se ve reflejado en el precio del petróleo; y es que aunque Egipto no es uno de los grandes productores de petróleo en el mundo, de todas maneras un eventual paro de sus petroleras impactaría en los precios internacionales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Lo que sí es seguro es el “aparente” fin de del régimen de Mubarak, y digo aparente porque muchos analistas ven en la designación de Omar Suleiman -a quien The New York Times describe como la mano derecha de Hosni Mubarak- como vicepresidente, &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;un paso estratégico con el fin de una continuidad interna en el poder, según BBC Mundo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Esperemos que la crisis egipcia sea afrontada de manera adecuada por la oposición con el objetivo que la estabilidad política, y con ella, &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;la económica y social regrese nuevamente y la población no se vea más afectada. Esta semana es clave en el futuro del país árabe.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/5517621902135946170/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/02/mundo-arabe-convulsionado-poder-de-tres.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/5517621902135946170'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/5517621902135946170'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/02/mundo-arabe-convulsionado-poder-de-tres.html' title='Mundo árabe convulsionado: Poder de tres décadas'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiWXE_YM0CSfbZuvd04Yju_AoU0paIcxx63JNtZPS_XcFOMUyceb__B3KBHSKDlEX8b8Mul8t5mx2OGj1MhDcnP1ZmlmFVpV4kNM1seRzv70-5BT63JieNPaqpLFwyA0ndwJLecTI8aYT9/s72-c/CrisiEgipto.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-3559064150785162274</id><published>2011-01-17T16:04:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-01-17T16:22:04.212-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Una misión absurda</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiusaok1ZP3qaBimCTGjcjuRrj56556idUobdxE0edUot8uuxMYrrnQ1HGToiEqE6zvW1TQb_sqHH9gpyFdj4pIoym7R5xauhaOsL61rohuP2kfctDO9EnZohgAFOa5lYHjIfOmNSTpaJyV/s1600/descofianza.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiusaok1ZP3qaBimCTGjcjuRrj56556idUobdxE0edUot8uuxMYrrnQ1HGToiEqE6zvW1TQb_sqHH9gpyFdj4pIoym7R5xauhaOsL61rohuP2kfctDO9EnZohgAFOa5lYHjIfOmNSTpaJyV/s200/descofianza.jpg&quot; width=&quot;140&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Las cosas en Europa aún siguen pintadas de negro. Al parecer las políticas económicas son empujadas por lo que los mercados desean. Con el fin de satisfacer las demandas de los mercados y recuperar su confianza, las decisiones se toman de la misma forma que un padre actúa ante el llanto berrinchoso de un hijo que reacciona de distintas formas frente a una misma cosa, según le convenga.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Y es que si no se actúa de esa forma, los mercados te castigan con primas de riesgo más altos, haciendo mucho más difícil colocar deuda a tasas razonables. Eso se temía la semana pasada en Europa. Se temía que Portugal no logre obtener financiamiento a tasas que el mercado cree conveniente, felizmente Portugal lo “logró” &amp;nbsp;y colocó deuda a un costo menor al esperado. Aparentemente, los mercados se tranquilizaron luego de una semana turbulenta llena de miedos. Ni los datos macroeconómicos de Estados Unidos levantaban las bolsas Europeas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La desconfianza llega al punto de ejercer presiones para que países como Portugal soliciten ayuda financiera del fondo de rescate. Ya lo hicieron con Irlanda que ahora, en palabras de Krugman, está luchando para evitar la quiebra. Los mercados también miran con recelo a España, y es que para estos el sólo hecho de tener la etiqueta “España” crea desconfianza hoy en día.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Para muchos la solución pasa por aumentar el fondo de rescate. Para sus defensores, ello daría una clara señal al mercado de que se tienen los medios y se va actuar de forma adecuada en caso de ser necesario; sin embargo, el principal opositor es Alemania, país de la zona euro que más ha aportado en este fondo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Para &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elpais.com/articulo/primer/plano/Tiene/salvacion/Europa/elpepueconeg/20110116elpneglse_2/Tes&quot;&gt;krugman&lt;/a&gt;, sería necesario que Europa se convierta en una &quot;unión de transferencias&quot; en la que los Gobiernos y los países más fuertes proporcionen ayuda sistemáticamente a los más débiles.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;No hay duda que en la actualidad la incertidumbre reina y las sombras de los problemas de deuda no se irán en mucho tiempo, mientras tanto, los mercados seguirán acusando y presionando sobre las decisiones de política económica. Lo malo es que es difícil predecir hacia donde se orientará el sentimiento de los mercados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Como menciona &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/rodrik45/Spanish&quot;&gt;Dani Rodrik&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;“&lt;/i&gt;hoy, los mercados parecen pensar que unos grandes déficits fiscales son la mayor amenaza para la solvencia de un Estado. Mañana pueden pensar que el verdadero problema es el escaso crecimiento y lamentar las políticas fiscales estrictas que contribuyeron a producirlo. Hoy les preocupan los gobiernos pusilánimes, incapaces de adoptar las duras medidas necesarias para abordar la crisis. Tal vez mañana pierdan el sueño por las manifestaciones de masas y los conflictos sociales que las políticas económicas duras hayan provocado...Políticas similares producen reacciones diferentes de los mercados, según cuál sea la historia predominante o la moda del momento. Ésa es la razón por la que dirigir la economía conforme a los dictados de la confianza de los mercados es una misión absurda.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/3559064150785162274/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/01/una-mision-absurda.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/3559064150785162274'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/3559064150785162274'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2011/01/una-mision-absurda.html' title='Una misión absurda'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiusaok1ZP3qaBimCTGjcjuRrj56556idUobdxE0edUot8uuxMYrrnQ1HGToiEqE6zvW1TQb_sqHH9gpyFdj4pIoym7R5xauhaOsL61rohuP2kfctDO9EnZohgAFOa5lYHjIfOmNSTpaJyV/s72-c/descofianza.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-6118279523213200887</id><published>2010-12-14T09:21:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-12-14T14:09:54.745-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Lo que trajo WikiLeaks</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU_XWOA0Tro5ZanuPJheS1jBWMiXRiNwKOcJGV49RmoFZmCLSn2yXltksQ97DjB8kZFm72agN34a6huNbQL5lSEU_C_8vTidVrpixJnpYxHXLm24NIGF_j8P9uZziRKmthg7e3uJGblGw0/s1600/WikiLeaks.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU_XWOA0Tro5ZanuPJheS1jBWMiXRiNwKOcJGV49RmoFZmCLSn2yXltksQ97DjB8kZFm72agN34a6huNbQL5lSEU_C_8vTidVrpixJnpYxHXLm24NIGF_j8P9uZziRKmthg7e3uJGblGw0/s200/WikiLeaks.jpg&quot; width=&quot;132&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El caso WikiLeaks trae consigo una marea de efectos que escapan del ámbito político, que significó desde un inicio la difusión de los cables proveídos a medios de comunicación importantes en el mundo, para trasladarse a terrenos como la &lt;i&gt;libertad de expresión o la forma en que se brinda la información&lt;/i&gt;. El primero saca a relieve el problema de cuán sensible a manipulación puede estar el internet. El segundo se refiere a un nuevo modelo de información que se está extendiendo en la red tomando como referencia la forma de operación de WikiLeaks.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;A la persecución en masa por parte de la CIA, FBI y la Interpol de Julian Assange se sumaron la cesación de servicios de empresas financieras como Visa y MasterCard a WikiLeaks. Como el último recurso por &lt;i&gt;delito de difamación&lt;/i&gt; no era suficiente, el generoso Gobierno sueco lanzó una ayudadita para imputarle al fundador de WikiLeaks, delitos sexuales, que nada tienen que ver con violación como se mencionaba en un inicio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Previo a las financieras estadounidenses, PayPal yAmazon ya le habían cerrado las cuentas a WikiLeaks aduciendo que había violado sus normas y que la organización estaba involucrada en actividades ilícitas. En respuesta a ello, WikiLeaks difundió los cables en el que Estados Unidos ejerce presión sobre Rusia para salvaguardar la posición de las financieras frente a un proyecto de ley ruso que tenía como objetivo crear un nuevo sistema de pagos con tarjeta de crédito. El nuevo sistema permitiría al gobierno ruso apoderarse de las comisiones de transacciones realizadas con tarjetas de crédito dentro de Rusia, ello privaría a Visa y MasterCard de una cuantiosa cantidad de ingresos por ese concepto. Por ello, un diplomático estadounidense especializado en asuntos económicos de la embajada en Moscú, solicitó una comisión que aborde el tema aprovechando que el proyecto de ley aún no se había presentado y podía ser modificado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Previo a la difusión de los cables de la presión estadounidense, Visa y MasterCard fueron atacados momentáneamente por internautas en una operación que sus actores han denominado &lt;i&gt;Payback (Venganza)&lt;/i&gt;. Además de estas, los ciberactivistas también atacaron la web de la fiscalía sueca y de PostFinance, banco suizo que congeló las cuentas de Assange. Los ataques son atribuidos a la organización Anonymous, una suerte de guerrilla cibernética que pelea por la libertad en internet. No se sabe exactamente quienes conforman esta organización, pero se cree que en su mayoría serian jóvenes de entre 18 a 24 años de todas partes del mundo. El fin de semana se dio a conocer en Holanda un arresto efectuado a un adolescente de 16 años. Al parecer es el único activista identificado que habría participado en los ciberataques de la semana pasada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los ataques son realizados mediante un software que la comunidad Anonymous ha facilitado para ser descargado desde su página. Con ese software se lanzan ataques de negación de servicio a los sitios web, los inundan con peticiones de información, hasta que logran colapsar los servidores. Los ataques al sitio web en la mira, se dan en forma simultánea por miles de ciberactivistas. Los ataques no son recientes, ya se han producido anteriormente. Sin embargo, los producidos la semana pasada en defensa de WikilLeaks, sin duda han sido los más exitosos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Algunos creen que esta situación se puede extender. En un eventual escenario como el anterior, quizás la libertad del internet se vea afectada. Las posiciones están divididas. Los que condenan este tipo de actos creen que el hecho de bloquear webs motivados por defender la libertad de expresión, se contradicen. Y los que apoya estos ataques, simplemente creen que es una respuesta efectiva e interesante en contra de injusticias&amp;nbsp; que pongan en peligro la libertad en internet.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Los efectos de la filtración de cables también han provocado que se creen más organizaciones de filtración de información. El nuevo modelo de información que practica WikiLeaks sin duda vino para quedarse y extenderse. Ya se conoce de la nueva organización &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/mundo/noticias/2010/12/101213_1100_wikileaks_otros_sitios_openleaks_filtraciones_dc.shtml&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;OpenLeaks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt; fundada por un ex integrante de WikiLeaks, Daniel Domscheit-Berg. También de BalkanLeaks.eu o IndoLeaks.org, y el que se espera sea concretado en junio del 2011 &quot;Government Leaks&quot;, sitio &amp;nbsp;que se dedicaría a exponer secretos del gobierno chino.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El Perú no es ajeno al efecto WikiLeaks. Ya se publicó en &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/red/corrupcion/tejida/Montesinos/sobrevive/Ejercito/peruano/elpepuint/20101212elpepuint_12/Tes&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El Pais.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt; un cable donde EE.UU. considera que la red de corrupción relacionada con la droga aún no ha desaparecido. La afirmación se basa en denuncias de altos jefes militares sobre pagos realizados de narcotraficantes a miembros del ejército en el VRAE. Incluso menciona la destitución de un jefe del ejército porque sus operaciones amenazaban el lucrativo negocio de la venta de combustible por parte de oficiales del Ejército a traficantes de droga.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Lo que no se puede negar, es la información que se ha dado a conocer durante este tiempo. Los diarios a los que se les brindó los cables originales, se encargan de clasificar y publicar los documentos que crean conveniente. El caso WikiLeaks aparte de sentar un antes y un después en el mundo diplomático, también marca un antes y un después en la forma en que se provee información, sobretodo aquella que algunos desean mantener bien oculta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/6118279523213200887/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/12/lo-que-trajo-wikileaks.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/6118279523213200887'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/6118279523213200887'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/12/lo-que-trajo-wikileaks.html' title='Lo que trajo WikiLeaks'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU_XWOA0Tro5ZanuPJheS1jBWMiXRiNwKOcJGV49RmoFZmCLSn2yXltksQ97DjB8kZFm72agN34a6huNbQL5lSEU_C_8vTidVrpixJnpYxHXLm24NIGF_j8P9uZziRKmthg7e3uJGblGw0/s72-c/WikiLeaks.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-7959580933344056501</id><published>2010-11-19T17:31:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-11-19T17:31:31.592-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Brecha del PBI per cápita</title><content type='html'>&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;A partir del 2002 la mayoría de países de la región ha experimentado niveles de crecimiento del PBI significativos. El caso del Perú es un ejemplo, la tasa de crecimiento en el 2008 llego al 9.8 % y la mínima durante el periodo 2002-2008 fue de 4%, registrada en el año 2003. Sin embargo, hemos comprobado que estos niveles de crecimiento no son sostenibles y se deben más a una coyuntura favorable que han experimentado los términos de intercambio estos últimos años. De crecer a un ritmo del 10% en el 2008 pasamos a crecer sólo 0.9% en el 2009.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Veamos cómo hemos avanzado con respecto a Estados Unidos. Veamos si nuestros niveles de crecimiento durante los últimos 60 años han hecho que la brecha entre el PBI per cápita de nuestro país y el de Estados Unidos disminuya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;El gráfico siguiente muestra cómo han evolucionado el PBI per cápita de Perú, Chile, Brasil y Argentina frente al PBI per cápita de Estados Unidos. Se presentan las medias móviles, por periodo de 5 años, del ratio entre el PBI per cápita de cada país y el de Estados Unidos desde 1950 hasta el 2009. Este ratio nos da una idea de cuánto nos hemos acercado a los niveles de ingreso de Estados Unidos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Los datos son tomados de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.conference-board.org/data/economydatabase/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0000cc; font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;aquí&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0000cc; font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2jGSo3umsJ2Feo7l987OGgrLC4xDQvMW1vuCRksRH1AHpe54i2Cee1txZ6X9eK-405e7ZEfW-krbsVcEfAnqE8IxKitrADkefCtIyUPk5PZckj2OJJBZWgseVp1hwO7Y2SE-S8OTqacuV/s1600/Brecha+PBI+per+capita.bmp&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;211&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2jGSo3umsJ2Feo7l987OGgrLC4xDQvMW1vuCRksRH1AHpe54i2Cee1txZ6X9eK-405e7ZEfW-krbsVcEfAnqE8IxKitrADkefCtIyUPk5PZckj2OJJBZWgseVp1hwO7Y2SE-S8OTqacuV/s320/Brecha+PBI+per+capita.bmp&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Como se observa, en la década del 50 el PBI per cápita del Perú era aproximadamente el 24% del PBI per cápita de Estados Unidos. En la última década, este ratio presenta un nivel de 10 puntos porcentuales menos al de hace 60 años. La mayor caída se da en la década del 80 y se empieza a recuperar a partir del 94. Cae levemente del 2000 al 2003 y ha ido creciendo un poco más rápido desde el año 2004. En contraste, Chile tiene un PBI per cápita más cercano a los niveles de Estados Unidos y mayores a los presentados en la década del cincuenta, a pesar de que el ratio disminuyó desde la primera mitad de los 60 para recuperarse recién a partir del 90. El caso argentino es el que más llama la atención. El ratio ha caído alrededor de 17 puntos porcentuales. Pasando de tener un PBI per cápita cercano a la mitad del estadounidense, a llegar a un nivel un poco mayor al 30% en la actualidad. El caso brasileño es más conservador, pero se caracteriza por presentar una tendencia a la baja desde el 80 hasta el 2004.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;El ratio analizado no es exhaustivo en cuanto a evaluar la brecha entre países en desarrollo y los desarrollados, pero de alguna manera da una idea de lo que ha sucedido, desde 1950, con los ritmos de crecimiento entre los dos grupos de países. Nos da una idea de lo que ha sucedido en el largo plazo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;De lo anterior se observa que &lt;i&gt;la brecha &lt;/i&gt;no ha disminuido, incluso aumentó como en el caso peruano o argentino. El tema es que América latina ha crecido muy poco respecto al resto del mundo y eso hace referencia a problemas estructurales en la región.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La pregunta sería ¿Qué tenemos que hacer para disminuir la brecha con los países desarrollados? Muchos autores coinciden en que la clave está en la productividad. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Las estimaciones obtenidas en una &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iadb.org/research/dia_detail.cfm?lang=es&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;investigación del BID&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; señalan que la productividad de América Latina asciende a cerca de la mitad de su potencial y no se está poniendo a la par de la frontera de productividad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La productividad significa hacer más con la misma cantidad de factores. Aquí es donde se diferencia un crecimiento por aumento de productividad, y otro por acumulación de factores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/7959580933344056501/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/11/brecha-del-pbi-per-capita.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7959580933344056501'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7959580933344056501'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/11/brecha-del-pbi-per-capita.html' title='Brecha del PBI per cápita'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2jGSo3umsJ2Feo7l987OGgrLC4xDQvMW1vuCRksRH1AHpe54i2Cee1txZ6X9eK-405e7ZEfW-krbsVcEfAnqE8IxKitrADkefCtIyUPk5PZckj2OJJBZWgseVp1hwO7Y2SE-S8OTqacuV/s72-c/Brecha+PBI+per+capita.bmp" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-5678456826140913199</id><published>2010-11-09T17:04:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-11-09T17:04:23.357-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Todos Apunta al Yuan</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt; &lt;style&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;El jueves se reúnen en Seúl los miembros del G20, y todo indica que la&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;prioridad será el tema de las divisas. No en vano el presidente del Fondo Monetario Internacional ha calificado la situación de las actuales políticas cambiarias como una &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;guerra de divisas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. En el actual contexto de desbalance global, en el que un grupo de países enfrenta altos superávits comerciales y otro grupo déficits significativos, con políticas fiscales en marcha como medidas para enfrentar la crisis, la preocupación para muchos es la recuperación económica mediante las exportaciones. Sin embargo hay quienes creen que ello está llevando a una nueva mutación de la crisis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Los dedos acusadores apuntan al continente Asiático, específicamente a China. Todos coinciden en que la moneda china está en un nivel inferior al que realmente debería estar. Las presiones para que China ceda y aprecie su moneda son cada vez mayores, y es que al parecer la política que queda, y en la que la mayoría deposita sus esperanzas, es la devaluación de sus monedas para hacer más competitivas sus exportaciones. Lo viene haciendo Estados Unidos de forma indirecta, al tratar de bajar los tipos de interés de mediano y largo plazo. También lo hace Alemania, aunque duramente criticada, está impulsando la recuperación europea mediante la venta a sus socios comerciales. Aquí es donde las políticas cambiarias de estos dos países se enfrentan con las intervenciones del banco central chino, cuyo objetivo parece ser evitar que su moneda se “dispare”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Estados Unidos es el más interesado, la apreciación del yuan ayudaría a reducir su crítico nivel de déficit comercial. Sin embargo eso no bastaría, tendría que vender más a otros países. El problema es que todos coinciden en ir por esa vía, y tratan de evitar las presiones del dólar mediante medidas que impidan ingresar capitales extranjeros de corto plazo, redireccionados hacia mercados emergentes en busca de mayor rentabilidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Luego de una década de permanecer fijo, a partir del 2005 el Yuan comenzó a apreciarse viéndose interrumpido con el estallido de la crisis financiera en el 2008.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuBmmmKPpd8aAym91S0aoKkHYB_DoO_NG93F0t_hTF0cdwzNYkwZIPJBjBocstF9ALSyKBC765Q83cDbVVdgDzK08YsPo7lCnnnGGkOHQOhqOLKMFLUuTNfMK4QsFiJWGRZhUPxImFub7-/s1600/Apreciaci%25C3%25B3n+Yuan.bmp&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;217&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuBmmmKPpd8aAym91S0aoKkHYB_DoO_NG93F0t_hTF0cdwzNYkwZIPJBjBocstF9ALSyKBC765Q83cDbVVdgDzK08YsPo7lCnnnGGkOHQOhqOLKMFLUuTNfMK4QsFiJWGRZhUPxImFub7-/s320/Apreciaci%25C3%25B3n+Yuan.bmp&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Recién a partir de setiembre de este año, y a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por mantenerlo en su nivel, el Yuan comenzó a apreciarse nuevamente. Lo ha expresado el primer ministro Chino, los efectos de una apreciación rápida de su moneda se reflejarían en un menor nivel de empleo en el sector exportador y repercutirían fuertemente en su economía.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;El consenso es que a pesar de las presiones, China no apreciará su moneda con la rapidez que muchos demandan. Por el contrario, el cambio será gradual y quizás eso sea lo correcto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/5678456826140913199/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/11/todos-apunta-al-yuan.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/5678456826140913199'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/5678456826140913199'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/11/todos-apunta-al-yuan.html' title='Todos Apunta al Yuan'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuBmmmKPpd8aAym91S0aoKkHYB_DoO_NG93F0t_hTF0cdwzNYkwZIPJBjBocstF9ALSyKBC765Q83cDbVVdgDzK08YsPo7lCnnnGGkOHQOhqOLKMFLUuTNfMK4QsFiJWGRZhUPxImFub7-/s72-c/Apreciaci%25C3%25B3n+Yuan.bmp" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-7252450789514082840</id><published>2010-11-06T19:07:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-11-06T19:09:37.081-07:00</updated><title type='text'>¿Instrumentos No Convencionales de Política Monetaria?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg-YGKkg7BcjU6bmH_LipS2Vo1tTM5Vo79jKWXaoqT16vbWQR2ff1887uyd5EuS9auyzK1GEqzdiLOKG3NHK7QOSu_0I0Fi0ufGb-4dfldwfY96ae1Agl1f_E2dPojpae7c1Toazd0t6m9/s1600/agua-bancos.jpg_400.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;125&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg-YGKkg7BcjU6bmH_LipS2Vo1tTM5Vo79jKWXaoqT16vbWQR2ff1887uyd5EuS9auyzK1GEqzdiLOKG3NHK7QOSu_0I0Fi0ufGb-4dfldwfY96ae1Agl1f_E2dPojpae7c1Toazd0t6m9/s200/agua-bancos.jpg_400.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;El último miércoles, la Reserva Federal de Estados Unidos (FED) se comprometió a comprar 600,000 millones de dólares en bonos del Tesoro Norteamericano, medida que durará hasta mediados del próximo año. Esta medida encaja en lo que se conoce como “instrumentos no convencionales” de política monetaria, las cuales se han ido aplicando ya desde el cuarto trimestre del 2008 cuando estalló la crisis financiera que ya todos conocemos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;En un escenario donde los mercados pierden liquidez, la política monetaria de tasa de interés es menos efectiva. Eso fue lo que sucedió en el 2008, los mercados interbancarios colapsaron, y los créditos se paralizaron. En este escenario, donde la política monetaria &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;convencional&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt; es menos efectiva, se recurrió a políticas &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;no convencionales&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt; como la compra de bonos del tesoro, papeles del tesoro e incluso créditos subprime (caracterizados por su alto riesgo de impago), como los adquiridos por la FED. Estos instrumentos tienen un lado bueno y otro malo. Lo bueno es que hace posible intervenir en el mercado financiero directamente, frente a la poca efectividad de los mecanismos de la tasa de interés, reactivando los canales de crédito y dándole dinamismo a la actividad económica. Lo malo es que ello implica riesgos crediticios para los bancos centrales. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;De a cuerdo a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Publicaciones/Revista-Moneda/Moneda-144/Moneda-144-01.pdf&quot;&gt;Castillo y Contreras&lt;/a&gt;, entre las principales medidas no convencionales adoptadas por bancos latinoamericanos frente a esta crisis se tienen: Adquisición y propuesta de adquisición de deuda pública, creación de nuevos mecanismos e instrumentos, ampliación de colaterales, alargamiento del plazo de las operaciones de inyección de liquidez ordinarias, otorgamiento de líneas de crédito especiales para los sectores más vulnerables al impacto de la crisis e intervenciones en el mercado cambiario.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;La política monetaria del FED, de adquirir deuda pública, lo que busca es bajar las tasas de interés de mediano y largo plazo para incentivar el gasto privado. Para &lt;a href=&quot;http://gestion.pe/impresa/noticia/politica-monetaria-estados-unidos-economia-peruana/2010-11-05/24828&quot;&gt;Gonzales Izquierdo,&lt;/a&gt; esta medida tendrá efectos en la economía peruana. Una caída en las tasas de interés, provocará un ajuste de los portafolios de inversiones, haciéndose más atractivo invertir en commodities, los cual provocará una mejora en los términos de intercambio. Se esperaría una presión a la baja del tipo de cambio por la entrada de capitales de corto plazo. Y como la medida ha generado gran expectativa, se espera que la economía mundial se reactive y que empuje nuestro crecimiento por &amp;nbsp;medio de las exportaciones.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Como se ve, las políticas no convencionales pueden ser tan efectivas como las convencionales en un contexto en el que estas últimas resultan poco efectivas. La última medida de la FED tendrá efectos en nuestra economía, esperemos que estos efectos contribuyan a mejorar el escenario internacional aún sombrío.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/7252450789514082840/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/11/instrumentos-no-convencionales-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7252450789514082840'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/7252450789514082840'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/11/instrumentos-no-convencionales-de.html' title='¿Instrumentos No Convencionales de Política Monetaria?'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg-YGKkg7BcjU6bmH_LipS2Vo1tTM5Vo79jKWXaoqT16vbWQR2ff1887uyd5EuS9auyzK1GEqzdiLOKG3NHK7QOSu_0I0Fi0ufGb-4dfldwfY96ae1Agl1f_E2dPojpae7c1Toazd0t6m9/s72-c/agua-bancos.jpg_400.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-5370909507376983882</id><published>2010-10-26T19:29:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-10-26T19:39:46.836-07:00</updated><title type='text'>La Corrupción: Una de las peores trabas al progreso.</title><content type='html'>&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4mKCj-HE5N9FYXJLrRwFMqvA71bnHDLnH2HRNdsar7SQ0Xcic5dmD2mReL6lNRar_bHbbN-qml7TkMgEn6Cf5p85Oqh0xqlzAgjpH-FX5gGbqQeyy3egMf4BW9axEmuWtJGVfYlMTlOcW/s1600/corrupci%C3%B3n.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4mKCj-HE5N9FYXJLrRwFMqvA71bnHDLnH2HRNdsar7SQ0Xcic5dmD2mReL6lNRar_bHbbN-qml7TkMgEn6Cf5p85Oqh0xqlzAgjpH-FX5gGbqQeyy3egMf4BW9axEmuWtJGVfYlMTlOcW/s200/corrupci%C3%B3n.jpg&quot; width=&quot;145&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Hoy se publicó el &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Índice de Percepción de Corrupción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;, y como es de esperarse el ranking no nos favorece, por el contrario, muestra nuestra realidad. Este índice clasifica a los países de acuerdo a la percepción de corrupción en el sector público. Toma una escala de 0 a 10, siendo cero si el país es altamente corrupto y 10 si está “limpio”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;De acuerdo a este índice, los países menos corruptos son Dinamarca, Nueva Zelanda y Singapur, todos con un score de 9.3. El Perú se ubica en el puesto 78 de 178 países, compartiendo el lugar con países como China, Colombia y Grecia. El otro extremo lo ocupa Somalia, con un score de 1.1. Le siguen Myanmar (país del sudeste asiático) y Afganistán, ambos con un índice de 1.4. El sudamericano mejor ubicado es Chile, en el puesto 21. Por el contrario, Venezuela es percibida como el más corrupto de la región.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Como lo menciona el reporte, entre los países que han mostrado un descenso en su posición respecto del año pasado destacan aquellos más afectados por una crisis financiera que estuvo precipitada por déficits de transparencia e integridad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;En resumen, lo que hace este índice es recordarnos algo que todos sabemos que es cierto. La transparencia y buen manejo de los recursos públicos es un tema que nos golpea con frecuencia. La necesidad de combatir este hecho es de vital importancia si queremos seguir avanzando y desarrollándonos como país. La corrupción en el sector público siempre será un enemigo desde el estado, que hará difícil distribuir los beneficios del crecimiento y erradicar la pobreza que enfrentan millones de personas actualmente. Es deber del estado crear mecanismos para fortalecer las buenas prácticas de gobierno en beneficio de la mayoría.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/5370909507376983882/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/10/la-corrupcion-una-de-las-peores-trabas.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/5370909507376983882'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/5370909507376983882'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/10/la-corrupcion-una-de-las-peores-trabas.html' title='La Corrupción: Una de las peores trabas al progreso.'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4mKCj-HE5N9FYXJLrRwFMqvA71bnHDLnH2HRNdsar7SQ0Xcic5dmD2mReL6lNRar_bHbbN-qml7TkMgEn6Cf5p85Oqh0xqlzAgjpH-FX5gGbqQeyy3egMf4BW9axEmuWtJGVfYlMTlOcW/s72-c/corrupci%C3%B3n.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-6284987928808596447</id><published>2010-10-21T17:43:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-10-21T17:43:55.756-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Remuneración Mínima Vital: ¿Cómo se ajusta?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPpU1wJiJUIQWnteGEPzulORTwep8lbNHG2obfX45czYLJq5L87QhyV7NpTCF1oB-S3KJ-1CcNH2JDvyF-YNHHFBt3aT94CelEOKx9IB0p10knGIdWHyEPvF9abyXjq_t3qnn1cMBuDIGW/s1600/Salario.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPpU1wJiJUIQWnteGEPzulORTwep8lbNHG2obfX45czYLJq5L87QhyV7NpTCF1oB-S3KJ-1CcNH2JDvyF-YNHHFBt3aT94CelEOKx9IB0p10knGIdWHyEPvF9abyXjq_t3qnn1cMBuDIGW/s1600/Salario.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Alguna vez se ha preguntado cómo es que se ajusta la Remuneración Mínima Vital (RMV) en el Perú. En particular, este precio mínimo que debe recibir una persona por haber ofertado su trabajo a una empresa en una jornada de ocho horas, en el caso de ser modificado, ¿está sujeto a una determinada metodología?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Primero veamos a que nos referimos con “Remuneración Mínima Vital”. El salario mínimo o RMV, como es denominada en el Perú, es la remuneración mínima mensual que debe recibir un trabajador por una jornada de ocho horas de trabajo. Para nuestro país, este salario toma un valor único y actualmente se encuentra en 550 nuevos soles. Con “valor único” me refiero a que este salario no toma un valor en Arequipa y otro en Lima. Por el contrario, por ley este salario es el mismo para todas las regiones; así el salario mínimo en Puno es el mismo al de Piura, Tumbes u otra región del país. Esto último nos conduce a una pregunta adicional, por qué la RMV es igual en todas las regiones si estas no tienen la misma dinámica en su actividad económica.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Esta pregunta ha generado un debate estos últimos años y hay quienes están a favor de un salario mínimo diferenciado y otros quienes están en contra por los efectos sociales que produciría esa política. Por ejemplo, cuál sería la “regla” adecuada para establecer un salario mayor en una región y uno menor en otra. Es adecuado pensar que establecer una política de salarios diferenciados por región, traería efectos sociales de por medio. Por lo tanto, ¿Qué sustenta el hecho de pensar en aplicar semejante política?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Bueno, siendo más técnicos, tendríamos que ver como se ajusta el salario mínimo actualmente. En el Perú, el Consejo Nacional del Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo (CNTPE); conformado por organizaciones sindicales, gremios empresariales y representantes del Ministerio de Trabajo, es el encargado de la política de salarios mínimos. La metodología que se aplica es la sugerida en García 2007 (“Crecimiento de la Productividad y Reajuste del Salario Mínimo”). Así, el ajuste de la remuneración mínima vital se establece en función al aumento de la productividad multifactorial y a la inflación subyacente (aquella que incluye sólo a los bienes y servicios cuyos precios son menos volátiles, descartando aquellos bienes y servicios cuyos precios difieren de la tendencia general). Esto significa que para ajustar la RMV se estima el cambio porcentual en la productividad multifactorial y se añade la inflación subyacente estimada para el periodo en el cual regiría el nuevo salario. Además hay una cláusula denominada “cláusula del gatillo”, que sirve para incrementar la RMV luego de su fijación, la cual debe ser aplicada de forma automática si la inflación subyacente efectiva resulta ser mayor a la inflación subyacente estimada, hecho que sucedió en el año 2008 pero no se puso en práctica.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;De lo anterior, se puede obtener un argumento a favor de la diferenciación del salario entre regiones. De hecho, cada región difiere en productividad unas de las otras, incluso la inflación por región también es distinta. Los ajustes del salario no tienen una periodicidad regular, se había establecido que se ajustaría cada dos años, por lo que este año debía haberse ajustado el salario mínimo. Incluso como se mencionó, en el 2008 se tuvo una inflación subyacente mayor a la esperada (la tasa inflación esperada era de 4.4% y la efectiva fue de 9.3%), y por lo tanto se debió aplicar la cláusula del gatillo con lo cual la RMV debería estar en 577 nuevos soles hoy en día.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Vemos que las razones económicas, políticas y sociales del nivel y de los reajustes de la RMV son temas sujetos aún a debate y que se deben tomar en cuenta para el año que viene, ya que se espera que se dé el nuevo ajuste que debió darse a inicios de este año. &lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/6284987928808596447/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/10/remuneracion-minima-vital-como-se.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/6284987928808596447'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/6284987928808596447'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/10/remuneracion-minima-vital-como-se.html' title='Remuneración Mínima Vital: ¿Cómo se ajusta?'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPpU1wJiJUIQWnteGEPzulORTwep8lbNHG2obfX45czYLJq5L87QhyV7NpTCF1oB-S3KJ-1CcNH2JDvyF-YNHHFBt3aT94CelEOKx9IB0p10knGIdWHyEPvF9abyXjq_t3qnn1cMBuDIGW/s72-c/Salario.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-8124651212742639457</id><published>2010-05-18T09:10:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2010-05-18T09:10:11.994-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Agenda Digital Peruana</title><content type='html'>Check out this SlideShare Presentation: &lt;div style=&quot;width:425px&quot; id=&quot;__ss_2603544&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;display:block;margin:12px 0 4px&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/fundapi/agenda-digital-peruana&quot; title=&quot;Agenda Digital Peruana&quot;&gt;Agenda Digital Peruana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;object id=&quot;__sse2603544&quot; width=&quot;425&quot; height=&quot;355&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;movie&quot; value=&quot;http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=agendadigitalperuana-091128133508-phpapp01&amp;stripped_title=agenda-digital-peruana&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowFullScreen&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;/&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowScriptAccess&quot; value=&quot;always&quot;/&gt;&lt;embed name=&quot;__sse2603544&quot; src=&quot;http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=agendadigitalperuana-091128133508-phpapp01&amp;stripped_title=agenda-digital-peruana&quot; type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot; allowscriptaccess=&quot;always&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; width=&quot;425&quot; height=&quot;355&quot;&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding:5px 0 12px&quot;&gt;View more &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/&quot;&gt;presentations&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/fundapi&quot;&gt;Fundapi&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/8124651212742639457/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/05/agenda-digital-peruana.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/8124651212742639457'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/8124651212742639457'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2010/05/agenda-digital-peruana.html' title='Agenda Digital Peruana'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3963295343645886564.post-1234836851028684746</id><published>2009-09-07T15:40:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2009-09-10T20:42:42.684-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="¿Por qué soy un economista?"/><title type='text'>¿Por qué soy un economista?</title><content type='html'>&lt;meta content=&quot;text/html; 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&lt;/style&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La semana pasada, buscando algo para leer de entre los archivos digitales de mi carpeta en&amp;nbsp; la computadora, encontré una carpeta cuyo nombre&amp;nbsp; era “Lectures on Macroeconomics”,&amp;nbsp; esta era una carpeta&amp;nbsp; que un buen amigo me había proporcionado hace tiempo. Revisando las lecturas, hubo una que captó mi atención y un interés repentino. Era pues, un documento corto del gran Paul Krugman, en la que explica por qué él es un economista.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;En ese escrito, Krugman menciona su interés por la Historia más que por la economía en los años del pregrado en la universidad.&amp;nbsp; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Como lo menciona Krugman, a medida que vas estudiando economía en la universidad te das cuenta que esta ciencia se basa en un esquema mayor a una simple racionalización de los hechos que ya sabes que han pasado, aquellos resultados que ya ocurrieron en algún instante del tiempo. Un economista dice Krugman, necesita un modelo ampliamente aplicativo, una forma sistemática de pensar el mundo,de ver el mundo. Pero claro, ¿cual es ese modelo?, ¿existe ese esquema?, ¿Cómo comenzar a crearlo?.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo muy a pesar de los problemas que implican tener un modelo, con este podemos realizar predicciones, que pueden ser buenas o incluso pueden llegar ha ser realmente malas de todo tipo y dimensión; sin embargo,&amp;nbsp; los economistas tenemos un método, una manera sistemática de pensar el mundo que&amp;nbsp; al final de cuentas nos da la experiencia real aunque de manera imperfecta. Esto es lo que diferencia a la economía de otras ciencias sociales, las otras ciencias sociales aún no han encontrado algo remotamente equivalente.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: white; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Narrow&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Realmente, Krugman encontró su vocación, no me imagino a este genio dedicándose a otra ciencia como la historia , debido a que su aporte a la economía es de gran envergadura.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: black none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: white; font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;u1:p&gt;&lt;/u1:p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/feeds/1234836851028684746/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2009/09/por-que-soy-un-economista-interesado-en.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/1234836851028684746'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/3963295343645886564/posts/default/1234836851028684746'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://elgacetill.blogspot.com/2009/09/por-que-soy-un-economista-interesado-en.html' title='¿Por qué soy un economista?'/><author><name>Hans Lavilla</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12958627204806935032</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-qhYalERAgNbjC4G69aJcVR0P7oDPMICBUr8ChVwu67s04gJMY19Ym7s-j7Jtr49Fw1iXuOBt1n8QACq6yNDmONgEGPAUAN61QWcqJBQettwVtfxcaw0XWQlHEVlldHc/s220/billiard.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgXUaPRN7neUOGjc7w5PskwvANtZaCuS2LofwAaoBH0yZyHx-I-hQ5mJPuBmzDQCN4fclLJNUANiixdCd3_hS4pxkNpiWO3Dy-8b_mmEsjo5u7MTprqq8jAOAx6nBkaCbDCCdrik8Bx2w-/s72-c/The+End+is+Still+Coming.jpeg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>