Electrician Adda

COME ALONG CLAMP

2020-04-25T18:15:00.000+05:30

This clamp is used for holding conductor & ground wire in the overhead lines. It can be used whenever a Conductor or a Rope made of Aluminum, Aluminum/ Steel, Copper or Steel has to be stretched.
These clamps are available in multiple diameter, weight and design that are ideal to use in electrical works. They are ideal to pull conductors as they are lightweight and compact in structure.

BENCH VICE

2020-04-25T18:05:00.000+05:30

A vice is a mechanical apparatus used to secure an object to allow work to be performed on it.
In electrical works, cutting does play an important role. Cutting an electrical conduit has to be secure enough so that a smart cut is made. A bench vice is a perfect way to do this.
Bench vice is used to grip the job (object).

Bench vise has the following features:
1 Base Plate (permanently fixed on the working
table sides).
2 Fixed Jaw (fixed with Base Plate)
3 Moving Jaw (could be moved according to the
thickness of job)

EARTHING

2020-04-24T16:55:00.000+05:30

Earthing means connection of non-current carrying parts (metallic parts) of electrical apparatus to the world to discharge power with none danger. Earthing is finished by connecting the appliance or machinery to earth by good conductor referred to as earth electrode. Earthing is finished to save lots of human life from the danger of reflex, just in case physical structure comes in contact with actor of electricity. If earthing is finished correctly and therefore the metallic part comes up-to-date with actor, it'll be discharged into the world. during this condition thanks to zero potential of earth an over sized amount of current flows to the world. If the current exceeds the limiting value of the fuse, it blows off or MCB trips and cuts off the appliance from supply.

UNIT CONSUMPTION'S

2020-04-24T12:40:00.004+05:30

Unit= KWH

1 KWH = 1000 WH

W= watts
H = hours

For single phase

Watt = Voltage (V) * Current (A)* Cos phi * hours

For three phase

Watt = √3 * Voltage (V) * Current (A)* Cos phi * hours

AC VOLTAGE SYSTEM

2020-04-24T12:29:00.004+05:30

Single phase

Phase to neutral = 240 V

Three phase

Phase to Phase = 415 V

POWER

For single phase

Watt = Voltage (V) * Current (A)* Cos phi

For three phase

Watt = √3 * Voltage (V) * Current (A)* Cos phi

DIGITAL MEGGER

2020-04-24T12:02:00.000+05:30

The Megger is the instrument uses for measuring the resistance of the insulation. It works on the principle of comparison, i.e., the resistance of the insulation is compared with the known value of resistance.

TOOLS OF ELECTRICIAN

2020-04-22T13:21:00.000+05:30

When you work with appliance repair, you need to be familiar with working of the tools. You may already be familiar with the typical wrenches and screwdrivers.

Therefore, it is necessary to be sure that you are equipped with enough knowledge to properly use the tools that will be needed. Always remember to take them when you are working on a job.

Various tools and equipment are required for maintaining as well as erection of various electrical components.

Therefore, it is necessary to know about various tools and equipment to operate them safely.

1. LINE TESTER

It is used to verify the presence of electric voltage in electrical equipment

2. PLIERS

A plier is used to hold objects like nuts and bolts firmly also used for cutting metal wires.

3. SCREW DRIVERS

It is used to turn, tighten or remove screws.

4. TEST LAMP

Test lamp used to determine the presence of electricity in a piece of equipment under test.

5. SPANNER

D.E. SPANNER

It is used to provide grip to apply torque for turning objects such as nut or a bolt. A spanner is available with variable diameter to tighten nuts and bolts of various sizes.

RING SPANNER

6.ADJUSTABLE WRENCH

It is used to loosen or tighten a nut or bolt. It has a "jaw" which is of adjustable size.

7. ALLEN KEY SET

It is used for driving bolts and screws with a hexagonal socket.

8. FILE

It is used to remove fine amounts of material from a work-piece.

9. HACKSAW

It is principally made for cutting metal, but can also cut various other materials, such as plastic and wood.

10. TORCH

Torch or flashlight are used as a light source when in a place without electrical outlets, during power outages or when light is needed in a place where a wired lamp is difficult to use.

11. KNIFE

It is used to cut various objects, such as wires, cords, and tapes.

12. HAMMER

It is used to fix nails in walls and wood, fit parts, or forge metal and breaking different materials.

13. CRIMPING TOOL

It is used to conjoin two pieces of metal by deforming one or both of them in a way that causes them to hold each other.

14. MULTI METER

It is used to measure various electrical quantities like resistance, voltage, current, etc

Digital Multimeter

15. LADDER

It is used to climb upwards to reach higher places.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE).

2020-04-20T20:21:00.000+05:30

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) FOR ELECTRICIAN

2020-04-20T20:18:00.000+05:30

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

1. SAFETY HELMET ( सेफ्टी हेल्मेट)

Helmets are designed for falls protection and live wires while working on live lines.

2. GLOVES (दस्ताने)

Insulating gloves offer personal hand protection for workers against electrical shocks when working near or on live wires, cables and electrical equipment including substation switch-gear and transformers – risk assessment identifies electrical shock during the jointing of cables or excavating around live cables as a potential cause of accident which can be avoided when appropriate safety precautions and gloves are worn.

3. SAFETY SHOES (सेफ्टी शूज)

for a higher protection it would be better to wear EH polymeric boots with electrical resistance. Many workers of this sector prefer to use simple leather shoes with an EH (Electrical Hazard) marking, having the out sole with electrical isolation.

4. SAFETY JACKET (सेफ्टी जैकेट)

Flame resistant safety jacket to be used in the electrical industries include many standards for your protection and to meet compliance. Several of these electrician's safety jacket share multiple safety measures such as high visible, fire resistance and Arc ratings.

5. SAFETY BELT OR HARNESS (सेफ्टी बेल्ट या हार्नेस)

A safety harness is a system of restraints that prevent the wearer from falling from a height. By wearing the belt or harness the risk of injury from a fall is greatly reduced.

6. GOGGLES (गॉगल्स)

Safety glasses typically use a hard plastic lens, although toughened glass is also sometimes used. Safety glasses are often worn by construction workers, lab technicians, electricians, lineman, and many other trades where eye protection is required.

REASONS OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS (विद्युत दुर्घटना के कारण)

2020-04-19T13:43:00.000+05:30

●Opening and closing of switches without permission or warning.

(बिना अनुमति या चेतावनी के स्विच खोलना और बंद करना).

●Working without PPE and proper tools (पीपीई और उचित उपकरणों के बिना काम करना).

●Wrong operation of switch-gears (स्विचगियर्स का गलत संचालन).

●Making safety devices inoperative(सुरक्षा उपकरणों को निष्क्रिय बनाना).

●Using unsafe equipment, wrong tools for the job or using hands instead of right tools.

(असुरक्षित उपकरण, काम के लिए गलत उपकरण या सही उपकरण के बजाय हाथों का उपयोग करना)
●Lack of knowledge (ज्ञान की कमी).

●Lack of planning (नियोजन की कमी).

●Breaking safety rules or instructions (सुरक्षा नियमों या निर्देशों को तोड़ना).

●Failure to use protective devices (सुरक्षात्मक उपकरणों का उपयोग करने में विफलता).

●Use of Defective tools, materials and machines

(दोषपूर्ण उपकरण, सामग्री और मशीनों का उपयोग).

●Carelessness on the part of the persons(व्यक्तियों की ओर से लापरवाही).

●Working in a hurry(जल्दबाजी में काम करना).

●Lack of concentration (ध्यान की कमी).

●Lack of common sense (सामान्य ज्ञान का अभाव).

●Overconfidence (अति आत्मविश्वास).

●Un-authorized working on lines (अन-अधिकृत रूप से लाइनों पर काम करना).

●Wrong line clearance (गलत लाइन क्लीयरेंस).

●Distracting, teasing, joking, quarreling, annoying.

(विचलित करना, चिढ़ाना, मज़ाक करना, झगड़ा करना, गुस्सा करना).

WHY SAFETY IS REQUIRED Iसुरक्षा की आवश्यकता क्यों हैI?

2020-04-18T12:26:00.000+05:30

●To safeguard the self, fellow employees and public (स्वयं, साथी कर्मचारियों और जनता की सुरक्षा के लिए).

●To safeguard the machines and equipment's (मशीनों और उपकरणों की सुरक्षा के लिए).

●To safeguard materials (सामग्री की सुरक्षा के लिए).

●To reduce down time due to non-availability of men and machines or service

(पुरुषों और मशीनों या सेवा की अनुपलब्धता के कारण समय कम करने के लिए).

●To increase productivity by reducing idle due to manpower loss.

(जनशक्ति हानि के कारण निष्क्रिय को कम करके उत्पादकता बढ़ाने के लिए)

●To discharge the social commitment of a responsible industrial house. (एक जिम्मेदार औद्योगिक घराने की सामाजिक प्रतिबद्धता का निर्वहन करना)

MAIN FEATURES OF DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER

2020-04-15T17:26:00.004+05:30

OUTDOOR,OIL COOLED, 3 PHASE,50HZ.

PRIMARY IS DELTA CONNECTED AND SECONDARY IS STAR CONNECTED.

NATURALLY COOLED (ONAN TYPE).

AMONG-ST ALL THE TYPES OF TRANSFORMERS THIS IS THE MOST REQUIRED AND MOST USED TYPE.

PARTS OF TRANSFORMER

2020-04-15T15:43:00.005+05:30

MAIN TANK

RADIATORS

CONSERVATOR

EXPLOSION VENT

LIFTING LUGS

AIR RELEASE PLUG

OIL LEVEL INDICATOR

TAP CHANGER

HV/LV BUSHINGS

FILTER VALVES

OIL FILLING PLUG

DRAIN PLUG

CABLE BOX

BREATHER

BUCHHOLZ RELAY

MOG

TYPES OF SAFETY HELMET

2020-04-15T15:21:00.000+05:30

DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER

2020-04-15T14:59:00.003+05:30

Transformer which is used for the purpose of distribution of power is called distribution transformer.

11KV/ 440V( 3 phase) and 230V ( single phase) is the standard voltage.

Standard KVA Ratings:-

10, 16, 25, 32, 50, 63, 100, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 750, 990, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1600, 2000, 2500 KVA.

I.S. 2026 is the national I.S. standard.

TYPES OF TRANSFORMER IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

2020-04-14T21:32:00.001+05:30

There are five types of transformer which is used in distribution network.

1.DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER

2.POWER TRANSFORMER

3.CURRENT TRANSFORMER

4.POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

5.GROUNDING TRANSFORMER

WHAT IS A TRANSFORMER?

2020-04-14T21:16:00.005+05:30

TRANSFORMER IS A STATIC DEVICE WHICH TRANSFORMS A.C. ELECTRICAL POWER FROM ONE VOLTAGE TO ANOTHER VOLTAGE KEEPING THE FREQUENCY SAME BY ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION PRINCIPAL.

FPI ( FAULT PASSAGE INDICATORS)

2020-04-08T12:57:00.000+05:30

The flow of current towards an undesired path or abnormal stoppage of current is termed as fault. Fault passage indicators (FPI) are devices which indicate the passage of fault current. When properly applied, they can reduce operating time, costs and reduce service interruptions by identifying the section of cable that has failed.

RATCHET DEVICE

2020-04-08T12:28:00.000+05:30

It is a device consisting of a bar or wheel with a set of angled teeth in which a pawl, cog, or tooth engages, allowing motion in one direction only. Ratchets are widely used in power distribution sub-division, machinery and tools as well as over head line maintenance works.

A wheel provided with suitably shaped teeth, receiving an intermittent circular motion from an oscillating or reciprocating member, is called a ratchet wheel. A simple form of ratchet mechanism is shown in Figure.

A is the ratchet wheel, and B is an oscillating lever carrying the driving pawl, C. A supplementary pawl at D prevents backward motion of the wheel.

CHAIN PULLEY

2020-04-08T11:43:00.000+05:30

It is a pulley with depressions in the periphery of its wheel, or projections from it, made to fit the links of a chain. The desired capacity chain pulley is hooked at the centre to lift heavy load for loading and unloading at site. It is a mechanism used to lift and lower heavy loads using a chain. Chain blocks contain two wheels which the chain is wound around. When the chain is pulled, it winds around the wheels and begins to lift the item that is attached to the chain via a hook.

ELECTRIC DRILL MACHINE

2020-04-08T11:10:00.000+05:30

Electric drill machine the below mentioned properties:

1. It is a portable electric powered tool used

for drilling the surface.

2. It has a high speed motor to revolve the chuck.

3. It is used to make holes smoothly and easily.

DIGITAL CLAMP METER

2020-03-31T22:13:00.000+05:30

A digital clamp meter is a testing and measuring tool which is used to measure the current flowing through a conductor. Digital clamp meters find application in numerous fields. They can be used to measure current, voltage, continuity, resistance.

How It Work

Clamp meters work on the principle of magnetic induction to make non-contact AC current measurements. Electric current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field. A current transformer inside the clamp meter senses the magnetic fluctuations and converts the value to an AC current reading.

Steps to Follow While Using a Clamp Meter to Measure Current

Step 1

Switch ON the meter and remove the probes (if attached)

Step 2

Select the AC current or DC current function using the dial.

The display should show a jaw sign, which will confirm that the measurement is being detected through the clamp (Read the user manual to see how your meter indicates this)

Step 3

Open the jaw-like structure using the side lever and insert the conductor through which the current is to be measured

Technicians can do this with their secondary hand so that measurements can be noted down using the primary one

Step 4

Then close the jaw-like structure and level the conductor between the alignment marks inscribed on the jaws.

If these marks are not shown in your model, try to adjust the conductor in the center of the clamp

Step 5

The display will show the appropriate reading. Users can change the resolution as per requirements, but most meter models do this automatically.

It is recommended that all measurements should be taken for conductors that are insulated properly.