Electro Hemp Organic Remediation

what is hinted is scary

2024-08-20T12:02:00.005-05:00

while reading this I realized the EPA are addressing the spread of the toxins but not the cause of the toxins.

tsk tsk tsk @EPA Are you serious? you are addressing the spread of the toxins by water and wind but not the Chemical Toxins used by the Farmers in the lower 48 ? > Environmental Protection Agency on Aug 19, 2024 https://t.co/ioU4m3KTJW I AM ashamed of what your org has become. pic.twitter.com/YfDOkcgoMH
— Scotty (@StLHandyMan) August 20, 2024

EPA Finalizes First-of-its-Kind Strategy to Protect 900 Endangered Species from Herbicides

WASHINGTON – Today, Aug. 20, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released its final Herbicide Strategy, an unprecedented step in protecting over 900 federally endangered and threatened (listed) species from the potential impacts of herbicide, which are chemicals used to control weeds. EPA will use the strategy to identify measures to reduce the amount of herbicides exposure to these species when it registers new herbicides and when it reevaluates registered herbicides under a process called registration review. The final strategy incorporates a wide range of stakeholder input, ensuring EPA not only protects species but also preserves a wide range of pesticides for farmers and growers.

“Finalizing our first major strategy for endangered species is a historic step in EPA meeting its Endangered Species Act obligations,” said Deputy Assistant Administrator for Pesticide Programs for the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention Jake Li. “By identifying protections earlier in the pesticide review process, we are far more efficiently protecting listed species from the millions of pounds of herbicides applied each year and reducing burdensome uncertainty for the farmers that use them.”

Jake Li < oddly "coincidental" > #Li also has the same name of one of the 13 "parasite" illuminati family bloodlines. Lesser known terms> #BlackSun #DragonFamily pic.twitter.com/4rlIGCpuc0
— Scotty (@StLHandyMan) August 20, 2024

The Biden-Harris Administration’s new approaches for protecting endangered species, which include the Herbicide Strategy, have resolved multiple lawsuits against EPA. For decades, EPA has tried to comply with the Endangered Species Act (ESA) on a pesticide-by-pesticide, species-by-species basis. However, because this approach is very slow and costly, it resulted in litigation against the agency and uncertainty for users about the continued availability of many pesticides. At the beginning of 2021, EPA faced almost two dozen lawsuits covering thousands of pesticide products due to its longstanding failure to meet ESA obligations for pesticides. Some of these lawsuits resulted in courts removing pesticides from the market until EPA ensured the pesticides comply with the ESA. Now, all but one of those lawsuits has been resolved. Unlike EPA’s historic approach to compliance, the Herbicide Strategy identifies protections for hundreds of listed species up front and will apply to thousands of pesticide products as they go through registration or registration review, thus allowing EPA to protect listed species much faster.

In July 2023, EPA released a draft of this strategy for public comment. EPA received extensive comments, with many reiterating the importance of protecting listed species from herbicides but also minimizing impacts on farmers and other pesticide users. In response to comments, EPA made many improvements to the draft, with the primary changes falling into three categories:

Making the strategy easier to understand and incorporating up-to-date data and refined analyses;
Increasing flexibility for pesticide users to implement mitigation measures in the strategy; and,
Reducing the amount of additional mitigation that may be needed when users either have already adopted accepted practices to reduce pesticide runoff or apply herbicides in an area where runoff potential is lower.

EPA focused this strategy on conventional herbicides used in agriculture in the lower 48 states because the most herbicides are applied there. In 2022, approximately 264 million acres of cropland were treated with herbicides, according to the Census of Agriculture from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The number of cropland acres treated with herbicides has remained fairly consistent since the early 2010s. EPA is also focusing this strategy on species listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) because herbicides generally impact those species. For species listed by the National Marine Fisheries Service, EPA is addressing pesticide impacts through a separate initiative with that agency.

Final Herbicide Strategy

The final strategy includes more options for mitigation measures compared to the draft, while still protecting listed species. The strategy also reduces the level of mitigation needed for applicators who have already implemented measures identified in the strategy to reduce pesticide movement from treated fields into habitats through pesticide spray drift and runoff from a field. The measures include cover crops, conservation tillage, windbreaks, and adjuvants. Further, some measures, such as berms, are enough to fully address runoff concerns. Growers who already use those measures will not need any other runoff measures. EPA identified these options for growers through its collaborations with USDA under its February 2024 interagency MOU and through over two dozen meetings and workshops with agricultural groups in 2024 alone.

The final strategy also recognizes that applicators who work with a runoff/erosion specialist or participate in a conservation program are more likely to effectively implement mitigation measures. These conservation programs include the USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service practices and state or private stewardship measures that are effective at reducing pesticide runoff. The strategy reduces the level of mitigation needed for applicators who employ a specialist or participate in a program. Geographic characteristics may also reduce the level of mitigation needed, such as farming in an area with flat lands, or with minimal rain such as western U.S. counties that are in the driest climates. As a result, in many of those counties, a grower may need to undertake few or no additional runoff mitigations for herbicides that are not very toxic to listed species.

The final strategy uses the most updated information and processes to determine whether an herbicide will impact a listed species and identify protections to address any impacts. To determine impacts, the strategy considers where a species lives, what it needs to survive (for example for food or pollinators), where the pesticide will end up in the environment, and what kind of impacts the pesticide might have if it reaches the species. These refinements allow EPA to focus restrictions only in situations where they are needed.

The final strategy will also expedite how EPA complies with the ESA through future consultations with FWS by identifying mitigations to address the potential impacts of each herbicide on listed species even before the agency completes the consultation process for that herbicide—which in many cases, can take five years or more. Further, EPA and FWS expect to formalize their understanding of how this strategy can inform and streamline future ESA consultations for herbicides.

The final strategy itself does not impose any requirements or restrictions on pesticide use. Rather, EPA will use the strategy to inform mitigations for new active ingredient registrations and registration review of conventional herbicides.

Hey #JakeLi with #EPA - "Million pounds of [Toxic] herbicides" damage Endangered Species & FARMERS > BUT don't endanger the people who eat the crops ??? https://t.co/tIobGxQaob pic.twitter.com/4jwRHxWoNj
— Scotty (@StLHandyMan) August 20, 2024

EPA understands that the spray drift and runoff mitigation from the strategy can be complicated for some pesticide users to adopt for the first time. EPA has also developed a document that details multiple real-world examples of how a pesticide applicator could adopt the mitigation from this strategy when those measures appear on pesticide labels. To help applicators consider their mitigation options, EPA is developing a mitigation menu website that the agency will release in fall 2024 and plans to periodically update with additional mitigation options, allowing applicators to use the most up-to-date mitigations without requiring pesticide product labels to be amended each time new measures become available. EPA is also developing a calculator that applicators can use to help determine what further mitigation measures, if any, they may need to take in light of mitigations they may already have in place. EPA will also continue to develop educational and outreach materials to inform the public and help applicators understand mitigation needs and where descriptions of mitigations are located.

The Final Herbicide Strategy and accompanying support documents are available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP-2023-0365 at the Regulations.gov page.

Visit EPA’s website to learn more about how EPA’s pesticide program is protecting endangered species.

Read the Final Herbicide Strategy

Moms Fight to Clean Up Thousands of Tons of Nuclear Waste in St. Louis (Exclusive)

2024-08-15T13:37:00.008-05:00

Moms Fight to Clean Up Thousands of Tons of Nuclear Waste in St. Louis (Exclusive)

Honored to be featured this week in @people magazine! @KarenNickelSTL and I are proud of what we have built and our fight, even though it has cost us and our family/kids/husbands so much! https://t.co/nNWjgDa6KX
— Dawn Chapman (@DawnChapmanSTL) August 15, 2024

The first warning sign was the stench that seemed to fill the air of Dawn Chapman’s suburban St. Louis neighborhood in 2012.

“You could smell burning, but there was something different about it, like jet fuel,” she says in this week's issue of PEOPLE. Her three children started to wake in the night with irritated eyes or bloody noses caused, she believes, by the caustic fumes.

By January 2013 Chapman, then a full-time mom, had discovered the source of the overpowering odor: a fire in an underground quarry at the Bridgeton Landfill about two miles from her home.

A photo taken in 1960 shows deteriorating steel drums containing radioactive residue in the St Louis area.

State Historical Society of Missouri, Kay Drey Mallinsckodt Collection

The blaze raised fresh alarm about a decades-old issue — how much atomic waste had been stored in the region post-World War II, with some radioactive material mixing with a local creek and, separately, 43,000-plus tons of it piling up at West Lake Landfill, which is next to Bridgeton Landfill.

Article continues:

Dawn Chapman (left) and Karen Nickel wear protective masks at the West Lake Landfill outside St. Louis on June 1, 2017.

Linda Davidson/The Washington Post via Getty

For more on Dawn Chapman and Karen Nickel's fight to clean up nuclear waste in their St. Louis suburb, pick up this week's issue of PEOPLE, on newsstands Friday, or subscribe.

Their suburban dream was tainted by toxic remnants of the country’s wartime past. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941, the U.S. chose St. Louis as one of the places to process the uranium used in the nation’s atomic weapons program the Manhattan Project.

In the decades that followed, the resulting radioactive waste was dumped close to the city airport, and contaminants washed into nearby Coldwater. In the ’70s the waste was moved to the West Lake Landfill, amid single-family homes in Bridgeton. In 1990 the landfill was designated a Superfund site — one of the nation’s most contaminated areas.

Many residents were none the wiser. Nickel grew up in the ’60s and ’70s playing softball in the parks beside Coldwater, where years later scientists would discover Manhattan Project-era radioactive material in the soil.

Nickel and Chapman (center, in Washington, D.C., in May) lobbying for support for what they say are victims of radioactive exposure.

Just Moms STL

“Fifteen people on my street passed from rare cancer in their 40s and 50s,” she says.

Three of her four adult children, whom she raised with husband Todd in a house less than two miles from the landfill, live with neurodevelopmental challenges, she says. And Nickel has lupus, an autoimmune disease she blames on exposure to radioactivity.

Chapman and her husband, Brian, moved to the Bridgeton area in 2000, unaware of the history. In 2002 her husband learned he had Crohn’s disease.

continues: https://people.com/is-nuclear-waste-poisoning-this-missouri-suburb-how-2-moms-teamed-up-for-answers-even-if-they-die-trying-8695532

Measuring Air Quality with ESP32 & Arduino

2024-03-17T09:25:00.005-05:00

Sep 23, 2022 Sensors - Sensing the outside world

Use an ESP32 or Arduino to measure the quality of the air you breathe! Today, we'll work with several air quality sensors.

Article with code: https://dronebotworkshop.com/air-quality

More articles and tutorials: https://dronebotworkshop.com

Join the conversation on the forum: https://forum.dronebotworkshop.com

Subscribe to the newsletter and stay in touch: https://dronebotworkshop.com/subscribe/

Pollution is a problem that affects everyone, no matter where they live. Even if you reside in a rural area, you are still subject to many types of pollution, both outdoors and inside your home.
Today we will look at several air quality sensors that you can use with a microcontroller. We’ll test them out using both an ESP323 and an Arduino, and we’ll also compare the readings to a commercial air quality meter to see if there is any correlation between readings.

We’ll be taking a look at the following sensors:

- MQ Gas Sensors (various models).

- PMS5003 PM2.5 Particulate Matter Sensor.

- BME280 Temperature, Humidity & Air Pressure Sensor.

- BME680 Temperature, Humidity & Gas Sensor.

- AHT20 Precision Temperature & Humidity Sensor.

- CCS811 Air Quality Sensor.

- SGP30 Air Quality Sensor.

- SGP40 Air Quality Sensor.

We’ll see how they work and what parameters they can measure, and we’ll hook them up and run a demo.

Then we’ll put a bunch of sensors together on an ESP32 to make an environmental monitoring platform.

Here is the Table of Contents for today's video:

00:00 - Introduction

01:38 - Air Quality

03:36 - Look at sensors

05:12 - Sensor Calibration Issues

06:46 - MQ Sensors Intro

12:25 - MQ Sensors Library & Code

16:42 - MQ Sensors ESP32 Considerations

21:00 - PM2.5 Sensors

27:55 - Temperature & Humidity Sensors Intro

31:25 - BME280 Demo

33:28 - BME680 Demo

35:49 - AHT20 Demo

37:33 - Air Quality Sensors Intro

39:40 - CCS811 Demo

43:09 - SGP30 Demo

45:38 - SGP40 Demo

47:36 - ESP32 Multi-Sensor

58:45 - Conclusion

On a personal note, this project actually alerted me to several areas in my home that I need to improve the air circulation in. Hopefully, you will find it equally useful!

Bill

EPA Takes Important Step to Advance PFAS Strategic Roadmap, Requests Public Input and Data to Inform Potential Future Regulations under CERCLA

2023-04-14T17:10:00.002-05:00

EPA Takes Important Step to Advance PFAS Strategic Roadmap, Requests Public Input and Data to Inform Potential Future Regulations under CERCLA

WASHINGTON (April 13, 2023) — Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is issuing an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) asking the public for input regarding potential future hazardous substance designations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as “Superfund.”

“Today’s announcement highlights EPA’s commitment to transparency and the use of the best available science to tackle PFAS pollution and protect people from exposure to these forever chemicals,” said Barry N. Breen, Acting Assistant Administrator for EPA’s Office of Land and Emergency Management. “This is a key commitment under the Agency’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap and will provide an opportunity for a large and diverse group of stakeholders, including the public, state and local governments, Tribes, industry, businesses, environmental groups, and universities, to provide input and help EPA gather the latest science and information regarding PFAS.”

This request for input and information follows EPA’s September 2022 proposed rule to designate two PFAS — perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and their salts and structural isomers — as hazardous substances under CERCLA. EPA is currently reviewing comments received on this proposed rule.

Through this ANPRM, EPA is seeking input on whether to propose to designate additional PFAS, including HFPO-DA, sometimes called GenX, and compounds that degrade in the environment by processes such as biodegradation, photolysis, and hydrolysis, to form certain PFAS. EPA is also seeking information on whether some PFAS compounds can or should be designated as a group or category.

PFAS can accumulate and persist in the human body for long periods of time and evidence from laboratory animal and human epidemiology studies indicates that exposure to these compounds may lead to cancer, reproductive, developmental, cardiovascular, liver, and immunological effects. Many known and potential sources of PFAS contamination are near communities already overburdened with pollution.

A Federal Register Notice has been published in the Federal Register at docket EPA-HQ-OLEM-2022-0922 and can be viewed on www.regulations.gov. The ANPRM will be open for a 60-day comment period through June 12, 2023.

EPA intends to carefully review all the comments and information received in response to this ANPRM.

An agency may publish an ANPRM in the Federal Register to seek input and obtain more information. If EPA decides to move forward with designating additional PFAS compounds as hazardous substances under CERCLA, the agency will publish a proposed rule and seek public comment.

EPA is not reopening or otherwise proposing to modify any existing regulations through this ANPRM.

Under the Roadmap, EPA is working across its programs and with its federal partners across the Biden-Harris Administration to develop solutions to the PFAS crisis and protect public health.

Read the ANRPM here.
Read more about EPA’s strategy to address PFAS here. 
Read more about EPA’s Superfund program here.

For further information: EPA Press Office (press@epa.gov)

We Went to East Palestine: What We Saw May Shock You

2023-03-21T11:26:00.002-05:00

DO YOU TRUST GOVERNMENT?

Take A Deep Breath

AND JUST LOOK AROUND!

Please Listen.

♦️♦️♦️♦️♦️

pic.twitter.com/0JKSAPMk8L
— ♦️GALLOPING GAYE♦️ (@GallopingGaye) March 29, 2023

Hemp plants can suck PFAS, aka "forever chemicals," out of the ground

2023-03-16T08:20:00.001-05:00

Hemp, a variety of the plant Cannabis sativa, is often overshadowed by marijuana — a genetically distinct form of cannabis. Used for food, clothing, fuel, and plastics, it’s the seemingly more domestic member of the family.

However, new research suggests we should pay more attention to this nonpsychoactive substance. Hemp, scientists say, has an eco-friendly superpower: It can rid the environment of toxic chemicals.

Members of the Micmac (Mi'kmaq) Nation — a tribe indigenous to what’s now known as Canada’s eastern Maritime Provinces and parts of the northeastern United States — the activist group Upland Grassroots, and research scientists came together in 2019 to test methods for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from land located at the Loring Air Force Base. After years of lobbying and dispute, portions of the former bomber base were given back to the Aroostook Band of Micmacs in 2018.

On Tuesday, the eclectic team published a commentary reflecting on their work and progress in the journal Cell Press. The project, so far, is a success: Results suggest planting small fields of fiber hemp removed a primary type of PFAS at the polluted site, a chemical called perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS).

“Protecting the land is part of the Micmac beliefs,” Chief E. Peter Paul of the Micmac Nation said in the commentary. “Anything we can do to contribute to making the environment better, we want to be a part of.”

What you need to know first — The idea of removing toxic contaminants from the soil by planting certain plants is known as “phytoremediation.”

Hemp is “versatile in extracting many different kinds of chemicals from the soil,” Chelli Stanley, a member of Upland Grassroots, states in the commentary.

Previous research has also demonstrated industrial hemp can be effective in phytoremediation.

“Hemp phytoremediation has been previously used for other types of soil contaminants – mainly metals,” Sara L. Nason, one of the lead researchers on the project, tells Inverse. Nason is a scientist affiliated with the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment station.

Hemp plants can suck PFAS, aka "forever chemicals," out of the ground

Mead Nebraska Ongoing Environmental Disaster

2023-03-03T19:50:00.004-06:00

Host: Cathy Wyatt Guests: #1 Eleanor Rogan, Ph.D. | College of Public Health, UNMC #2 Judy Wu-Smart, Ph.D. | Department of Entomology, UN-L #3 Janece Mollhoff | Resident, Ashland, NE An idea that normally could provide environmental benefits backfires. Since 2015, the ethanol plant was using treated corn, coated with fungicides and insecticides, including harmful bee-killing neonics, to produce its biofuel. The state finally filed a lawsuit in 2021 and ordered the plant shut down. Learn what has happened since then, how concerned those living in and around the area should be, and where we go from here.

AltEn Crisis in Mead https://t.co/t2I33T6B1H NO ON CARES #OhioChemicalDisaster
— GHOST OF CHAOS (@GHOSTOFCHAOS420) March 3, 2023

I would like to appeal to the logical area of the brain for a moment. We know we're under attack by the state. Rather than expend our energy debating the precise nature of each tool being used to murder us, I suggest we focus our attention and talk about the only peaceful way out https://t.co/2I6l0V6h3h
— Roadtoserfdom (@roadtoserfdom3) March 3, 2023

18 Products Made From Trash - Season 3 Marathon | World Wide Waste | Ins...

2023-02-27T12:51:00.000-06:00

Microbe Bacteria DIOXIN Remediation

2023-02-25T23:39:00.007-06:00

this was a @EPA and @DeptofDefense funded research project in Vietnam for Dioxin and Agent Orange remediation/soil reclamation. aka the EPA knows there are solutions avail to help in the #OhioChernobyl https://t.co/mMcCJWgnfg
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

Ohio Trainwreck Bioremediation Soil Treatment Research

JOINT STUDY OF BIOREMEDIATION AT PILOT SCALE FOR DETOXIFICATION OF HERBICIDE/DIOXIN IN DA NANG HOT SPOT, VIETNAM

Dang TCH1, Allen H2, Nguyen BH1, Fong V2, Dam TH1, Nguyen NQ1, Nguyen QH1, Phung KHC3, Dao TNA1

Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST);

US Environment Protection Agency (EPA); Military Institute of Chemical and Environmental Research, MOD Vietnam

https://dioxin20xx.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/2010/10-1689.pdf

Introduction

Biodegradation of tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been reported in the scientific literature, in the laboratory, and in pilot studies. From 1999 to 2009, Vietnamese researchers conducted several studies to detoxify heavily contaminated soil in the former Da Nang military base1

Full-scale bioremediation of 3,384 m3 of dioxin contaminated soil was demonstrated in Bien Hoa, Vietnam, in 2009. Several international scientific work groups have concluded that bioremediation is the most environmentally responsible and cost-effective remedy for cleaning up Agent Orange residues at the former air bases in Vietnam.

More than 30 years after the US-Vietnam War, spilled Agent Orange defoliant solution containing traces of the dioxins, TCDD and octachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, and chlorophenols (TCP and DCP) remains in the soil and in lake sediment affected by contaminated soil, which had been carried by runoff from the former military airbase in Da Nang2 . Natural attenuation of the herbicides and dioxins has not been effective in detoxifying the soil or sediment.

This first joint study by Vietnamese and American researchers was conducted to

demonstrate whether the soil in Da Nang can be bioremediated effectively using aerobic or anaerobic microbial processes. This study also sought to provide engineering design guidance to support the selection of either an aerobic or an anaerobic amendment recipe and an operating strategy to optimize biological treatment.

Conclusions Aerobic bioremediation is capable of significantly reducing TCDD toxicity (p=0.0026). Bioaugmentation with small amounts of treated soil or contaminated sediment may be effective for anaerobic treatment. However, if suitable growth conditions are provided, the indigenous microbes in the mixed soil and sediment at Da Nang appear capable of degrading TCDD without adding another source of microbes. Anaerobic bioremediation rate is about half the rate of aerobic treatment, but the results are not as significant (p=0.25). From our of point active landfill containing both aerobic and anaerobic degradation become feasible resolution for detoxification of heavy herbicide/dioxin in full scale in Vietnam.

Bioremediation is recognized as a “Green Technology,” which has a very low energy requirement and produces few emissions. Bioremediation is a permanent solution which produces a soil which can be returned to beneficial use. Knowledge gained from this project by both Vietnamese and US scientists will allow for design of customized recipes suitable for addressing dioxin and other persistent organic pollution problems throughout Vietnam and elsewhere

@EPA Own Publications explained how to deal with #Ohio Chemical Incineration > U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Dioxin Treatment Technologies Background Paper, OTA-BP-O-93 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government printing Office) pic.twitter.com/2VDdPloAYg
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

This type of Incinerator is very similar to the #Downdraft #Gasifer Offgrid Hot Water and Hot Air system I designed and shared months ago. https://t.co/Im01RKt8uo pic.twitter.com/jGsSxS4aor
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

#OhioChernobyl Research Files https://t.co/h1F8Khg5h6 to cleanup the #chemicals

This research paper from 1991 from the EPA CluIn Files for #Dioxin Incineration System provides a Diagram source file:
Dioxin Treatment Technologies
November 1991 OTA-BP-O-93 NTIS order PB92-152511 pic.twitter.com/VPsyW4ZqW1
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration

2023-02-25T19:16:00.013-06:00

#Dioxin remediation research. #OhioChernobyl > Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration 100 ton/day rotary kiln incinerator in processing soil contaminated with dioxins and other hazardous constituents of Herbicide Orange. https://t.co/upbFQtt2ha
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

@Elastec could the exhause heat generated by an inceneratior be used to spin a turbine of sorts to generate the electricity needed for a incenerator?
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration at the Naval Battalion Construction Center, Gulfport, Mississippi

Air Force Engineering and Services Center, ESL-TR-89-39, 1991
Cook, J.A., D.J. Haley, et al.

The overall goal of the project was to determine the cost and effectiveness of a 100 ton/day rotary kiln incinerator in processing soil contaminated with dioxins and other hazardous constituents of Herbicide Orange.

Vol 1: Project Summary
Vol 2: Part 1 - Contains the final report on the trial burns
Vol 2: Part 2 - Contains Appendices A-H
Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 1
Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 2
Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 3
Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 4
Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 5
Vol 4: Incinerator Operations
Vol 5: Incinerator Availability
Vol 6: Soil Excavation
Vol 7: Project Management/Site Services
Vol 8: Delisting



This research paper from 1991 from the EPA Clu-In Files for Dioxin Incineration System provides a Diagram source file:
Dioxin Treatment Technologies
November 1991
OTA-BP-O-93
NTIS order #PB92-152511

LIQUID INJECTION INCINERATION TECHNOLOGY Liquid injection (LI) is not currently available for dioxin treatment, but it has been used aboard ships for ocean-based incineration of Agent Orange. It is also employed in many industrial and manufacturing sectors for treatment of hazardous organic and inorganic wastes. As shown in figure 2-3, the typical LI incinerator consists of a burner, two combustion chambers (primary and secondary), a quench chamber, a scrubber, and a stack. Vertical LI incinerators are preferred for treating liquid waste rich in organics and salts (and therefore ash) because the incinerator unit can be used as its own stack to facilitate the handling of generated ash. Portions of the vertical LI unit can also be used as a secondary combustion chamber. The horizontally shaped LI units are connected to a tall stack and are preferred for treating liquid waste that generates less ash. In both systems, the use of external waste storage and blending tanks helps maintain the waste in a homogeneous form and at a steady flow.37 Some of the limitations that must be considered before applying LI incineration to dioxin destruction include the following: ● ● ● LI systems are applicable only to combustible low-viscosity liquids and slurries that can be pumped; waste must be atomized prior to injection into the combustor; and particle size is critical because burners are susceptible to clogging at the nozzles.3

@EPA Own Publications explained how to deal with #Ohio Chemical Incineration > U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Dioxin Treatment Technologies Background Paper, OTA-BP-O-93 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government printing Office) pic.twitter.com/2VDdPloAYg
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

This type of Incinerator is very similar to the #Downdraft #Gasifer Offgrid Hot Water and Hot Air system I designed and shared months ago. https://t.co/Im01RKt8uo pic.twitter.com/jGsSxS4aor
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable Technology Cost and Performance Reports

2023-02-24T22:26:00.006-06:00

Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable Technology Cost and Performance Reports

Glass Furnace Technology (GFT) Demonstration at the Hazen Research Center in Golden, Colorado and the Minergy GlassPack Test Center in Winneconne, Wisconsin (2004)

In Situ Vitrification at the Parsons Chemical/ETM Enterprises Superfund Site, Grand Ledge, Michigan (1997)

In Situ Vitrification, U.S. Department of Energy, Hanford Site, Richland, Washington; Oak Ridge National Laboratory WAG 7; and Various Commercial Sites (1997)

Incineration at the Baird and McGuire Superfund Site, Holbrook, Massachusetts (1998) Incineration at the Times Beach Superfund Site, Times Beach, Missouri (1998)

Incineration at the Vertac Chemical Corporation Superfund Site, Jacksonville, Arkansas (1998)

Research

Phytoremediation of Contaminants > Dioxins

2023-02-24T14:16:00.010-06:00

Plants As Water Protectors for Toxic Cleanup. @EPA @EPAregion7 @DOESBIR I have solutions to help clean the #OhioTrainDisaster Water Issues. Why is it so hard to work w/ your organizations??? https://t.co/lI3ogWMtMo
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

The Pollution Solution : Phytoremediation of Contaminants > Dioxins End Disposal Options

Heat Treatment is proven to work with Temps above 1200deg. https://t.co/jXoYlPTuTq? pic.twitter.com/2K24TZkumm
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

@cureworks @Grow_Fruit_Fl @GypsyMajik1122 @EPAregion7 @EPA @DOESBIR @NHLBI_SBIR > Tell me why this cannot be done? Is it too simple? The #pollutionsolutions are available. lets get to work and cleanup the chemicals destroying our planet. https://t.co/McBKm8OY00
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

Here is what I DO NOT understand about the #EPA.

They have and list all these solutions to the problems on their own websites and do not use their own published science articles.

Who is the @EPA @EPAregion7 really trying to HELP? https://t.co/jXoYlPTuTq
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

Dioxins

Treatment Technologies

When cleanup began at the Times Beach, Missouri Superfund site in the 1980s, rotary kiln incineration was the only fully demonstrated, commercially available and permitted technology for cleaning up dioxin in soil. Since then, additional remediation technologies for the cleanup of dioxin-contaminated soil and sediments have been researched and developed, but several of the accepted techniques still rely on thermal destruction, which is energy intensive. Heat-based destruction techniques for treating dioxin-contaminated soil and debris include incineration, thermal desorption, and vitrification. Incineration at temperatures above 1200°C is considered the most effective way of destroying dioxins. Thermal desorption, which operates at lower temperature range to vaporize dioxins, is also commonly used. A large-scale cleanup was completed in 2018 at the Bien Hoa Airport in Danang, Vietnam where nearly 95,000 m3 were excavated and treated with thermal desorption (USAID, 2018). Vitrification is largely a stabilization technique that uses very high temperatures to melt contaminated soil. When subsequently cooled, it forms a glassy mass that traps contaminants and reduces their mobility.

Accepted [Disposal Options] techniques still rely on thermal destruction...Heat-based destruction techniques for treating dioxin-contaminated soil and debris include incineration,.. Incineration at temperatures above 1200°C is considered the most effective way of destroying dioxins. https://clu-in.org/contaminantfocus/default2.focus/sec/Dioxins/cat/Treatment_Technologies/

(Research and bench-scale studies are documented in the resources below.) However, their applicability and effectiveness in the field is being assessed. The application of activated carbon to contaminated soil and sediment also shows promise for mitigating the bioavailability of dioxins and reducing entry into the food chain. Additional thermal and non-thermal technologies that have been researched and tested include base-catalyzed decomposition, photodegradation with ultraviolet light, supercritical water oxidation, and others. CLU-IN | Contaminants > Dioxins

View the Twitter Thread here: https://twitter-thread.com/t/1628981908788088840

Phyto Rafts Water Pollution CleanUP

2023-02-24T10:35:00.008-06:00

Plants as Water Protectors Phytoremediation Raft Design by Scotty

THE POLLUTION SOLUTION SPECIALIZES IN TECHNIQUES AND SERVICES FOR NATURALLY INSPIRED AND COST EFFECTIVE REMOVAL AND REMEDIATION OF TOXINS AND CONTAMINANTS FROM AIR, SOIL, AND WATER.
We are The Pollution Solution

@realstewpeters There are solutions that are not being discussed. The @EPA knows about #PhytoremediationRafts they used them in Chicago and other places #ohioriver #chicagoriver https://t.co/IKCuiJS8bt
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

Plants As Water Protectors for Toxic Cleanup. @EPA @EPAregion7 @DOESBIR I have solutions to help clean the #OhioTrainDisaster Water Issues. Why is it so hard to work w/ your organizations??? https://t.co/lI3ogWMtMo
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

The Pollution Solution Call for Assistance Invitation To the World - I just added an invitation for anyone who wants to help clean the pollution up on our planet. https://t.co/rCfY0d7YnE
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

The Pollution Solution : Phyto Rafts Water Pollution CleanUP - Even the Bottom of the Streams and Rivers Can be Remediated https://t.co/FGeXgQm8Fk? #ohioriver #phytoremediaiton #phytoraft #WaterPollution #CleanWater pic.twitter.com/khdt9Cgq9I
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

@Grow_Fruit_Fl @GypsyMajik1122 The water and bottoms of the Ohio River and Streams can be cleaned up. Don't Let Anyone Tell You its a lost cause. https://t.co/lI3ogWMtMo
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

Does $49,500,000 buy a Scientist ???

2023-02-22T15:11:00.003-06:00

FUSRAP "Testing" only contract bid solicitation over $49,500,000

@DawnChapmanSTL @HawleyMO @EPAregion7 @EPA dyk current FUSRAP "Testing" only contract bid solicitation over $49,500,000 ?

i've seen the posts and comments from many StLouis people wondering if the nuclear contamination spread in the last floods #BridgetonLandfill #Coldwatercreek, in the basements, backyards, and surrounding areas. . This prompted me to review a couple of the low cost ways to test

for radiation. Here is the ways I would test for radiation myself and not rely on other sources. Without getting all scientific in my explanation here is the 2 systems.

radiation testing devices. 1 natural and 1 mechanical.

A- The Mechanical devices utilize the Arduino system and can relay the findings over the air to a command center that logs and compiles the data into useable reports. These mini test stations and systems can be set up independently or in group settings.

B- The Natural testing device is a plant that can be placed in an area where suspected nuclear radiation is present. The nuclear radiation will affect the plant in different ways and cause amoralities in the plants appearance, growth, flower, and reproduction systems

Both of the testing systems will work in water, soil, and air.

The costs of these systems is well under the $70,000 handheld spectrum analyzer system that will provide on the spot readings from soil and water samples. @EPAregion7 has one of these testers and a local salesperson

has offered in the past to demonstrate this tool in action. With the tool for sale, rent or lease.

Hello @HawleyMO @RepAnnWagner @DawnChapmanSTL @stlpublicradio @Teamsaintlouis3 @StLouisAmerican @tonymess

$49,500,000 Just for Testing. cost-plus task order W912P921F0260

Here is My Warning. Let me get some testing tools and I will test this whole god blessed city and north county. I WILL PROVE HOW MUCH NUCLEAR CONTAMINATION IS EVERYWHERE.

Everyone else wants to pussyfoot around. I will PROVE IT WITH EPA recognized devices and THEN CLEAN IT UP.

@threadreaderapp unroll please and thankyou

I just learned who holds that $49.5M contract.

Every Picture Tells a Story

Leidos oversees the testing of FUSRAP sites in St. Louis for the Army Corps. But

its main gig is spying for the U.S. intelligence agencies, with zillions in contracts

from the DOD, CIA, NSA and Hom…

https://firstsecretcity.com/2017/06/25/every-picture-tells-a-story/

The FAKE NEWS misdirection Nuclear campaign to hide the facts has been going on for years. h/t @PostDispatchbiz

systembuster

@stlsystembuster

Oct 24, 2022 • 11 tweets • stlsystembuster/status/1584366426626088960

I would like to appeal to the logical area of the brain for a moment. We know we're under attack by the state. Rather than expend our energy debating the precise nature of each tool being used to murder us, I suggest we focus our attention and talk about the only peaceful way out https://t.co/2I6l0V6h3h
— Roadtoserfdom (@roadtoserfdom3) March 3, 2023

Oak Ridge Transports First Waste Shipment to WIPP Under New Contract

2023-02-14T13:56:00.001-06:00

OAK RIDGE, Tenn. – The Transuranic Waste Processing Center (TWPC) recently shipped its first load of transuranic (TRU) waste for disposal since coming under the management of Oak Ridge Office of Environmental Management (OREM) cleanup contractor UCOR.

TWPC work was recently moved under the Oak Ridge Reservation contract that continues for the next decade, ensuring appropriate resources and expertise are available to successfully address the remaining challenging TRU waste at Oak Ridge.

Employees at the facility are addressing a stockpile of legacy defense-related research waste. The most recent shipment included 35 drums and weighed nearly 80,000 pounds. After a two-day trip, the load arrived safely at EM’s Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in Carlsbad, New Mexico, for permanent disposal.

To complete the shipment, personnel prepared and loaded the waste containers over two days. A 10-person TWPC team worked closely with WIPP’s Central Characterization Program mobile load team.

“The process went like clockwork,” said TWPC Area Project Manager Randy Fadeley. “Everyone on the team was dedicated to getting this job done safely and on time.”

NEW VIDEO ALERT: Watch this brief video on the Transuranic Waste Processing Center's first shipment of transuranic waste to EM's Waste Isolation Pilot Plant since coming under the management of Oak Ridge Office of Environmental Management cleanup contractor UCOR. In this photo, Oak Ridge workers load waste drums into one of three shipping casks to prepare for the recent shipment, which included 35 drums. The shipment was safely delivered to the underground waste repository in New Mexico.

Water Pollution Cleanup with Hemp

2023-02-14T09:16:00.006-06:00

Dead Chickens in the Chemical Spill is a warning that our Government is ignoring.

If it negatively harms the environment it negatively affects people. https://t.co/Jjm8uCoRM5 pic.twitter.com/luUAdAYICa
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 14, 2023

OHIO 🚨 Woman finds all her chickens dead 10 miles from East Palestine, Ohio
#OhioTrainDisaster #OhioRiver

There are solutions to pollution. The Ohio Train Derailment and the toxins that are being reported on the Ohio River can be cleaned up. Here are examples of removing chemicals from water with modified hemp core.

Why is it so hard to work with the EPA? I've been trying for years? Their silence is deafening.

oil skimmers are full of hemp / kenaf core materials that soak up pollution. reports the toxins creating a rainbow on the water surface... its on top and can be removed! #ohioriver #pollution #remediation pic.twitter.com/hR8HLrlzyh
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 13, 2023

Water Pollution and Chemical Cleanup with Modified Hemp Core https://t.co/aKsUD5Je7g
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 14, 2023

I've tried for years to work with the @EPA @EPAregion7 hacks.... their silence is deafening. https://t.co/6KpnED6X3i
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 14, 2023

@Grow_Fruit_Fl @realstewpeters @5150TatorSala
Water cleanup example. Note the modified hemp absorbs only the toxins not the water. https://t.co/McBKm8OY00

Why is it so hard to work with @EPA @EPAregion7 Ive tried for years?

#HazardousWaste #Remediation #OhioChernobyl pic.twitter.com/CDRhNQXTUb
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 14, 2023

thats a new one on me. I'll keep it in mind. Share the info if you have it. Lord knows the @EPA hacks aren't doing their jobs. #OhioChernobyl
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 14, 2023

We are The Pollution Solution The Goal of the Pollution Solution is to turn toxins and contaminants into $$ cash to offset the cost of remediation of cleanup projects which will allow for future use of the property that will not pose a health danger to People, Animals, and the Ecosystem.

Recently released bodycam footage shows Ohio reporter Evan Lambert getting arrested for doing what big media won’t:

Ask real questions about toxic chemicals poisoning people’s water and air and killing thousands of animals

Where is FEMA?!
pic.twitter.com/vnpCD9w5OC
— DC_Draino (@DC_Draino) February 13, 2023

Soil Background & Risk Assessment: Overview of the Guidance Document, In...

2023-02-06T22:31:00.005-06:00

The first of four training videos produced by ITRC's Soil Background & Risk Assessment team in 2022. All four videos complement the team's Web-Based Guidance Document and can be viewed in no particular order!

Soil Background & Risk Assessment Team Page:

https://itrcweb.org/itrcwebsite/teams...

Soil Background & Risk Assessment Web-Based Guidance Document:

https://sbr-1.itrcweb.org/

ITRC's Website: https://itrcweb.org/home

Using Risk Assessment to Guide Environmental Remediation Decisions

2023-02-01T20:57:00.001-06:00

EPA Announces Community Meeting Feb. 23 to Discuss Groundwater Contamination in St. Charles, Missouri

2023-01-31T15:12:00.002-06:00

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7 - 11201 Renner Blvd., Lenexa, KS 66219

Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Nine Tribal Nations

Contact Information: Ben Washburn, washburn.ben@epa.gov, 816-518-4154

LENEXA, KAN. (JAN. 31, 2023) – The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 7 will hold a Community Meeting at the St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Parish on Thursday, Feb. 23. The session will begin at 6 p.m. with a formal presentation held at 7 p.m. Following the presentation, EPA staff will facilitate a question-and-answer session until 8:30 p.m.

“We are committed to providing the residents of St. Charles with timely and accurate information regarding EPA’s work at the Findett Corp. Superfund Site,” said EPA Region 7 Superfund and Emergency Management Division Director Bob Jurgens. “EPA will be available to address community concerns in St. Charles on Feb. 23.”

The purpose of the meeting is to provide members of the public with an update on the field sampling conducted by EPA to identify the source of new contamination found near the Ameren Huster Road substation. EPA conducted this field work in January 2023.

This meeting follows a November 2022 Public Meeting in which EPA shared information about the Consent Decree for the Operable Unit 4 Remedial Design/Remedial Action and response actions at the site.

The Community Meeting will be held:

Thursday, Feb. 23, 2023

Public Availability: 6 to 7 p.m.

Presentation: 7 to 7:30 p.m.

Question and Answer: 7:30 to 8:30 p.m.

The meeting will be held at:

St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Parish Gymnasium

534 N. 5^th Street

St. Charles, MO 63301

During the public availability portion, representatives from EPA will be available for one-on-one discussions and to answer questions. Following the availability, EPA will provide a site update presentation at 7 p.m. After the presentation, EPA will facilitate a question-and-answer session until 8:30 p.m.

Site project information is available to the public on EPA’s Site Profile webpage at www.epa.gov/superfund/findettcorp. If you do not have internet access, you can view these documents online at this location: Kathryn Linnemann Branch, St. Charles City-County Library, 2323 Elm Street, St Charles, MO 63301; 636-946-6294.

EPA is committed to providing reasonable accommodations to individuals with disabilities. For reasonable accommodations at the Community Meeting, including the public availability portion, please contact Euleashia Embry at embry.euleashia@epa.gov or 1-800-223-0425.

# # #

Learn more about EPA Region 7

Modeling and Monitoring Tools to Support Passive and Active NAPL Remedia...

2023-01-26T11:58:00.003-06:00

@DawnChapmanSTL @cureworks this tool would allow the people to verify what the @EPA @EPAregion7 is recomending for the #WestlakeLandfill nuclear pollution activities by inputing their own data into the program. https://t.co/h22JcfpgQc pic.twitter.com/Kl1MdaJ7lV
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 26, 2023

i just attended this webinar and the free tool they are discussioning i feel would be a valuable addition to monitoring the site conditions as well as the remediation techniques in use.  

they answered a question i submitted about using Arduino weather monitoring systems (these inexpensive mini computers can also monitor radiation)

I will be following up with them about the unanswered question about using their tool to incorporate electrokinetics into the remediation system.  This is a system to get the toxins to move to a point for extraction as well as create a barrier, using low voltage. 

A Natural Solution to the Pollution in the World

2023-01-25T19:15:00.004-06:00

I encourage everyone: if you don't think the creator has provided solutions to our problems, you might try getting out of the box and explore other avenues and thought patterns.

i can't stop them from spraying us with their chem trail geoengineering systems, but I can clean it out of the soil and water, in addition to other forms of pollution and toxins. its pretty remarkable that the smallest organisms on the planet will take down the baddest and most harmful substances. its not a coincidence that so many microbiologist have wound up dead in the prior 10 years. i'm just a carpenter from missouri who asked God to lead me to a way to help my neighbors who have been exposed to the leftover nuclear contamination from the Atom Bomb creation. And thats how i figured out https://www.thepollutionsolution.org/ by reading hundreds of actual science papers where i figured out how to clean up pollution with what mother nature has provided.

The Pollution Solution : Electricity Production by Geobacter sulfurreducen... https://t.co/xzxowpTHFz pic.twitter.com/hMZjsZ3s9X
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 17, 2023

i'm working a few projects, i've been waiting for an opportunity like this. i have been selecting interim crews to help serve as board members on https://t.co/McBKm8PvPy my other stuff is Farming Related and I also have a Kenya Africa project for later on down the road.
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 23, 2023

The Pollution Solution - https://t.co/6SGxnDqnBs
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 2, 2023

The Solution to Pollution https://t.co/IUKsiT2n1f
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 6, 2023

The Pollution Solution : The efficiency of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in remediating sites #phytoremediation https://t.co/ir6zrge7Oy
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 18, 2023

Dirty Water IN Clean Water OUT. its so simple, that the brainiac scientist in charge can't get outa the box. What do environmental scientist do all day, Play Tiddlywinks? Cuz a lowly carpenter from StLouis MO figured out the solution to the worlds pollution. #CanYouHearMeNOW pic.twitter.com/4j2jf6sWDP
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 18, 2023

i wanna clean up the earth. > WE ARE THE POLLUTION SOLUTION
THE POLLUTION SOLUTION SPECIALIZES IN TECHNIQUES AND SERVICES FOR NATURALLY INSPIRED AND COST EFFECTIVE REMOVAL AND REMEDIATION OF TOXINS AND CONTAMINANTS FROM AIR, SOIL, AND WATER. https://t.co/McBKm8PvPy
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 24, 2023

.@UnitedNewsChan1
back to #ThePollutionSolution here is a slide show about how and why this natural solution can clean up any toxin or pollution. https://t.co/1Q2CGGaQh5
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 2, 2023

Electrohemp was renamed to #PollutionSolution hemp has limits this doesn't. https://t.co/McBKm8PvPy
— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) January 25, 2023

Westlake Landfill Testing Update

2023-01-25T15:32:00.001-06:00

Dawn Chapman uploaded a file.

We have some more great news to share with you all!

EPA and the Responsible Party at West Lake are FINALLY finished with all the testing that is designed to locate all the previously unknown areas with radioactive waste on the landfill. There is now an updated map that EPA will be posting as well as two meetings the agency will host shortly in the next three months. We have entered the final phase right before the clean up, which is designing the plan for where to start and where to finish. EPA would also like to host another listening session so they can hear from you all what the impact of this site has been and what things you want and need. The are genuinely looking for your input so they can design their meeting and make sure they are meeting your needs for how to inform you about things having to do with the site and clean up moving forward. We are hoping to see these meetings in February and March-possibly beginning of April. Please be sure to let us know if there is a way we can help you access this meeting either in person or online. Our EPA TASK coordinator has stated that they could also help accommodate with childcare needs/ activities for the event. It's been a busy week with meetings between multiple agencies for multiple sites in our region. The one thing that appears to be the same between all the agencies and sites is that community engagement and direct interaction with agencies has had made the difference on getting these agencies to consider different plans, testing locations etc. Direct community involvement going forward is going to be critical at our site and others! The moms extend this invite to those of you on this page who care about these issues. Whether you lived in the areas decades ago, live here currently, have friends and family who live here now, or just care about the horrific situation that has been allowed to plague this region for over 70 years. No degrees or advanced degrees are required! While Karen Nickel and I have worked for over 10 years now to establish communications with this agency and help guide this process, this issue does not belong to just us and we are not, nor do we desire to be the only ones who have direct access to the agencies who make the decisions. While we are happy to take your questions back to the agencies, we also want to make sure you have the ability to reach out directly and ask them your questions. Look for invitations going forward to get more one on one time and be involved with working groups to be posted soon.

I have downloaded the file and uploaded it to my google storage files here is the link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-GCs7DWIauJXcCK6PYFLNH3Ies18ndya/view?usp=sharing

EPA Announces Latest Actions to Protect Groundwater and Communities from Coal Ash Contamination

2023-01-25T14:05:00.003-06:00

Agency issues six proposed determinations to deny facilities’ requests to continue unsafe coal ash disposal Issued: Jan 25, 2023 (2:29pm EST)

WASHINGTON (Jan. 25, 2023) – Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced the latest action to protect communities and hold facilities accountable for controlling and cleaning up the contamination created by coal ash disposal. The Agency issued six proposed determinations to deny facilities’ requests to continue disposing of coal combustion residuals (CCR or coal ash) into unlined surface impoundments.

For a seventh facility that has withdrawn its application, Apache Generating Station in Cochise, Arizona, EPA issued a letter identifying concerns with deficiencies in its liner components and groundwater monitoring program.

“With today’s proposed denials, EPA is holding facilities accountable and protecting our precious water resources from harmful contamination, all while ensuring a reliable supply of electricity to our communities,” said EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan. “We remain committed to working with our state partners to protect everyone, especially those in communities overburdened by pollution, from coal ash contamination now and into the future.”

Coal ash is a byproduct of burning coal in coal-fired power plants that, without proper management, can pollute waterways, groundwater, drinking water, and the air. Coal ash contains contaminants like mercury, cadmium, chromium, and arsenic associated with cancer and various other serious health effects.

Today’s action delivers protections for underserved communities already overburdened by pollution, and reflects the Biden-Harris Administration’s commitment to advancing environmental justice in impacted communities.

EPA is proposing to deny the applications for continued use of unlined surface impoundments at the following six facilities:

Belle River Power Plant, China Township, Michigan.
Coal Creek Station, Underwood, North Dakota.
Conemaugh Generating Station, New Florence, Pennsylvania.
Coronado Generating Station, St. Johns, Arizona.
Martin Lake Steam Electric Station, Tatum, Texas.
Monroe Power Plant, Monroe, Michigan.

EPA is proposing to deny these applications because the owners and operators of the CCR units fail to demonstrate that the surface impoundments comply with requirements of the CCR regulations. Specifically, EPA is proposing to deny these applications due to:

Inadequate groundwater monitoring networks.
Failure to prove groundwater is monitored to detect and characterize any elevated levels of contaminants coming from the coal ash surface impoundment.
Evidence of potential releases from the impoundments and insufficient information to support claims that the contamination is from sources other than the impoundments.
Inadequate documentation for the design and performance of the impoundment liners.
Failure to meet all location restrictions.

If EPA finalizes these denials, the facilities will have to either stop sending waste to these unlined impoundments or submit applications to EPA for extensions to the deadline for unlined coal ash surface impoundments to stop receiving waste.

In the significant interest of maintaining grid reliability, the Agency is also proposing a process for these facilities to seek additional time, if needed to address demonstrated grid reliability issues. This process relies in part on reliability assessments from the relevant regional transmission organizations, ensuring a reliable supply of electricity while protecting public health.
EPA is collecting public comments on these proposals for 30 days through dockets in Regulations.gov. For more information, visit the Part B implementation webpage.

Background
The CCR Part B Final Rule, published November 12, 2020, allowed facilities to demonstrate to EPA that, based on groundwater data and the design of a particular surface impoundment, the operation of the unit has and will continue to ensure there is no reasonable probability of adverse effects to human health and the environment. EPA approval would allow the unit to continue to operate.

EPA received applications for alternate liner demonstrations from eight facilities with 17 CCR surface impoundments. These applications were from facilities in Arizona, Louisiana, Michigan, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Texas. One Arizona facility and the Louisiana facility have since withdrawn their applications.

Learn more about coal ash

For further information: EPA Press Office (press@epa.gov)

Italian researcher says hemp stalks from polluted soil OK for building, energy

2023-01-18T15:12:00.004-06:00

Italian researcher says hemp stalks from polluted soil OK for building, energy Hemp grown to clean up polluted soil could be used for hempcrete construction and to produce energy, with virtually no health risks, an Italian researcher has suggested. Vito Gallo, Professor of Chemistry at the Polytechnic of Bari, said the hemp plant’s performance in the phyto-remediation (phyto-purification) process leaves only trace amounts of any pollutants behind. “Hemp allows a sort of dilution of metals in the biomass and this results in material that, in principle, presents very limited or even no health risks,” Gallo, who is also coordinator of BIO SP.HE.RE., a hemp-specific research initiative, told Canapa Industriale. Gallo suggested that scientific organizations could get together to set acceptable levels of concentration of any foreign substances in downstream hemp products. Robust research Italian stakeholders are working on significant research regarding phyto-remediation, in which specific plants are grown both to clean up pollutants such as heavy metals, and to stimulate the degradation of organic compounds to enrich the soil. Hemp has proven itself to be highly effective in both roles, as Italian scientists have set out to further document. The question has always been what would be done with the adulterated hemp once it’s harvested from polluted fields. Italian researchers have posited that most of the heavy metals absorbed by hemp are stored in the roots and leaves of the plant, leaving only miniscule amounts in the hemp stalk, and continue to study that process. Hemp and soil The research in Italy builds on studies from as far back as 2002, when researchers from the University of Wuppertal and the Faserinstitut of Bremen, Germany, showed that hemp plants sown for remediation collected most heavy metals in the leaves, while plant stalks were virtually unaffected by contamination. A later study in India in 2014 identified hemp as a promising tool for the hyperaccumulation of heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, mercury, copper, chromium and nickel. Further studies since then have underpinned both analyses. In addition to using the hemp stalks for hempcrete, hemp biomass can be burned for energy. With the ashes collected under controlled conditions, the metals can be extracted and re-used, Gallo said.

The efficiency of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in remediating sites

2023-01-18T11:23:00.004-06:00

Conclusions

It was demonstrated that hemp accumulates copper, chromium, nickel, and zinc preferentially in the leaves, while lead is distributed mainly in the stems of the plant. Such selective compartmentalization is enhanced when the plant is irrigated with water containing spirulina. It was found that, at higher concentrations, spirulina acts as a growth promoter, contributing to an increase in the final generated biomass. Also, it was demonstrated that the treatment with spirulina during the cultivation of the hemp induced an enhancement in the uptake of heavy metals, except for lead. Such a result may be explained by assuming a strong affinity of spirulina towards the lead, resulting in confinement of this metal inside the soil and hampering its uptake by the plant. The NMR analysis allowed to identify the crucial variations of the metabolic composition that were induced by the treatment with spirulina. Results reported in this work pave the way to further studies aimed to understand the optimal dose of spirulina to enhance the efficiency of this innovative combined remediation bio-system. Furthermore, the results described may encourage the application of spectroscopic methods for the rapid detection of structural changes in the various environmental spheres, allowing prompt intervention through the adoption of remediation schemes

A B S T R A C T

The efficiency of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in remediating sites contaminated with heavy metals has received

great attention in recent years. The main advantage of this technology relies on its inherent sustainability with a

potential re-utilization of the significant amount of produced biomass which acts as a valuable flow resource. In

this study, a combined system consisting of Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) and the blue-green alga Arthrospira platensis

(spirulina) was tested to clean up soils contaminated with cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc.

The application of non-targeted NMR methods combined with ICP-AES quantification provided an efficient

strategy for detecting residual heavy metals within plant tissues and soil. Importantly, non-targeted metabolomic

analysis helped to reveal the relationships between metabolites distribution in hemp tissues and the sequestered

metals. It was demonstrated that hemp accumulates copper, chromium, nickel, and zinc preferentially in the

leaves, while lead is distributed mainly in the stems of the plant. Moreover, it was found that, at higher con-

centrations, spirulina acts as a growth promoter, contributing to an increase in the final generated biomass.

Results reported in this work indicate that the hemp/spirulina system represents a suitable tool for remediation

of metal contaminated soils by modulating biomass production and metals uptake.

1. Introduction

Dispersion of heavy metals in soils is an age-old problem deriving

from both natural and anthropic sources (Awa and Hadibarata, 2020).

Among the anthropic contribution to soil contamination by metals, land

application of treated wastewater, sewage sludge, fertilizers, and in-

dustrial activities are major concerns (Vareda et al., 2019). Unbalanced

amounts of heavy metals may cause perturbation of soil parameters with

consequent toxic effects on plants, in the nearby water supplies, and,

ultimately, in the whole food chain (Arora et al., 2008; Kumar et al.,

2019; Manzoor et al., 2018). Typically, elements, such as copper (Cu),

nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and chromium (Cr) are biologically essential for

plant growth but become toxic for animals and plants when their con-

centrations exceed certain threshold levels (Edelstein and Ben-Hur,

2018; Rizvi et al., 2020; Tiwari and Lata, 2018). Other heavy metals

often found in contaminated soils, such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)

are not essential for plants growth, and many studies associated their

presence with neurological and endocrinological toxicity for humans

along with carcinogenic effects (Ali and Khan, 2019; Pratush et al.,

2018; Rehman et al., 2018).

Since heavy metals are not biodegradable, they tend to accumulate in

the environment becoming a high risk for biota over several years after

their introduction in an ecosystem (Olsson et al., 1998; Tchounwou

et al., 2012; Zwolak et al., 2019). The search for new solutions that can

remediate heavy metals-contaminated soil is a critical prerequisite for

the sustainable development of agriculture (Edelstein and Ben-Hur,

2018; ; Vardhan et al., 2019; Wuana and Okieimen, 2011), thus repre-

senting a topic of paramount importance. The most consolidated stra-

tegies to remediate heavy-metals contaminated soils include physical

and chemical approaches, like isolation, through capping and subsurface

* Corresponding authors at: Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via

Orabona, 4, Bari 70125, Italy.

E-mail addresses: biagia.musio@poliba.it (B. Musio), vito.gallo@poliba.it (V. Gallo).

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Environmental Advances

journal homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/environmental-advances

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100144

Received 4 October 2021; Received in revised form 17 November 2021; Accepted 19 November 2021


	Dioxin Treatment Technologies	November 1991	OTA-BP-O-93	NTIS order #PB92-152511	https://clu-in.org/download/contaminantfocus/dioxins/Dioxin-Treatment-Technologies-OTA-9116.pdf

Electro Hemp Organic Remediation

what is hinted is scary

EPA Finalizes First-of-its-Kind Strategy to Protect 900 Endangered Species from Herbicides

Read the Final Herbicide Strategy

Moms Fight to Clean Up Thousands of Tons of Nuclear Waste in St. Louis (Exclusive)

Measuring Air Quality with ESP32 & Arduino

EPA Takes Important Step to Advance PFAS Strategic Roadmap, Requests Public Input and Data to Inform Potential Future Regulations under CERCLA

EPA Takes Important Step to Advance PFAS Strategic Roadmap, Requests Public Input and Data to Inform Potential Future Regulations under CERCLA

We Went to East Palestine: What We Saw May Shock You

Hemp plants can suck PFAS, aka "forever chemicals," out of the ground

Mead Nebraska Ongoing Environmental Disaster

18 Products Made From Trash - Season 3 Marathon | World Wide Waste | Ins...

Microbe Bacteria DIOXIN Remediation

Ohio Trainwreck Bioremediation Soil Treatment Research

JOINT STUDY OF BIOREMEDIATION AT PILOT SCALE FOR DETOXIFICATION OF HERBICIDE/DIOXIN IN DA NANG HOT SPOT, VIETNAM

Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration

The overall goal of the project was to determine the cost and effectiveness of a 100 ton/day rotary kiln incinerator in processing soil contaminated with dioxins and other hazardous constituents of Herbicide Orange.

Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable Technology Cost and Performance Reports

Research

Phytoremediation of Contaminants > Dioxins

The Pollution Solution : Phytoremediation of Contaminants > Dioxins End Disposal Options

Dioxins

Treatment Technologies

Phyto Rafts Water Pollution CleanUP

Plants as Water Protectors Phytoremediation Raft Design by Scotty

Does $49,500,000 buy a Scientist ???

FUSRAP "Testing" only contract bid solicitation over $49,500,000

Oak Ridge Transports First Waste Shipment to WIPP Under New Contract

Water Pollution Cleanup with Hemp

OHIO 🚨 Woman finds all her chickens dead 10 miles from East Palestine, Ohio#OhioTrainDisaster #OhioRiver

There are solutions to pollution. The Ohio Train Derailment and the toxins that are being reported on the Ohio River can be cleaned up. Here are examples of removing chemicals from water with modified hemp core.

Why is it so hard to work with the EPA? I've been trying for years? Their silence is deafening.

Soil Background & Risk Assessment: Overview of the Guidance Document, In...

Using Risk Assessment to Guide Environmental Remediation Decisions

EPA Announces Community Meeting Feb. 23 to Discuss Groundwater Contamination in St. Charles, Missouri

Modeling and Monitoring Tools to Support Passive and Active NAPL Remedia...

A Natural Solution to the Pollution in the World

Westlake Landfill Testing Update

EPA Announces Latest Actions to Protect Groundwater and Communities from Coal Ash Contamination

Agency issues six proposed determinations to deny facilities’ requests to continue unsafe coal ash disposal Issued: Jan 25, 2023 (2:29pm EST)

Italian researcher says hemp stalks from polluted soil OK for building, energy

The efficiency of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in remediating sites

Conclusions

OHIO 🚨 Woman finds all her chickens dead 10 miles from East Palestine, Ohio
#OhioTrainDisaster #OhioRiver