Electronics Circuits Design

32 bit microcontrollers from ATMEL with ARM7 core

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:25:00 +0000

Somehow I’ve been sticked to NXP LPC2xxx series microcontrollers and left other brands behind. There are many major manufacturers of ARM microcontrollers. One of them that is worth to pay attention is Atmel with its AT91SAM7 (Smart ARM7) series. SAM7 series of microcontrollers have built in Flash memory and data memory as well. Core is […]

New ARM7 Microcontrollers from NXP with LCD support

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:25:00 +0000

New microcontroller LPC2478 from NXP company is based on ARM7 core with built in Flash memory and have built in LCD interface. LPC2470 has no Flash memory.
LPC24 series have two high speed buses AHB to ensure independent work of peripherals like LCD, 10/100 Ethernet, USB and two channels of CAN. LPC24xx have reasonable low prices […]

Programming microcontrollers AduC70xx using boot-loader and ARMWSD utility

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:25:00 +0000

Firmware for AduC70xx ARM microcontrollers can be uploaded using built in boot-loader. To work with boot-loader Analog Devices offer to use small free program ARMWSD working under windows system. Program doesn’t require installation. ARMWSD communicates with AduC70xx via COM-port. Simple programming steps looks like this:

Connect target board to PC COM port;

Go to Configure->Parts and select […]

ARM Development Tools

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:24:00 +0000

http://www.arm.com/ Professional information about ARM microcontrollers;
http://www.codesourcery.com/gnu_toolchains/arm.html develops improvements to the GNU Tool-chain for ARM processors and provides regular, carefully tested, pre-compiled releases of the GNU Tool-chain;
http://www.EmbeddedArtists.com/ Ships pre-setup GCC build environment with all their Quick-Start Boards/Kits;
http://www.embedinfo.com/ Embest IDE for ARM, include Compiler,debugger,editor,project manager,flash programmer,JTAG Emulator, Low cost;
http://www.iar.com/ Embedded Workbench for ARM7,9,11 C/C++ compiler;
http://www.keil.com/ IDE,Debugger,Simulator which […]

Building embedded software using algorithm flow charts

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:24:00 +0000

Embedded software consists of various functions performing particular tasks. Before writing any ASM or C code it is good to draw algorithm flow chart. Flow charts are visual method of representing inner algorithm. It is easer analyze the algorithm and write the code according to diagram.
The main parts of diagram:

Fig 1. Simple series instructions

Fig 2. […]

Microcontroller eats too much of RAM

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:24:00 +0000

All you know that microcontrollers have limited amount RAM and EEPROM. For instance ATMega128 has 4-Kbytes of RAM, 4-Kbyte of EEPROM. This may seem quite enough for some applications, but more complicated routines require more of RAM. And there is no compiler that can do better optimization on usage of ram than programmer.
The main aim […]

Minimizing microcontroller code size

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:23:00 +0000

Reducing microcontroller code size isn’t ease task, but what if you want resulting code to fit your available memory…
Minimizing microcontroller code size can be done in two ways:
Firs is using compilers optimization feature by code size. This optimization is very dangerous. Your optimized code may not work as supposed to because compiler may eliminate some […]

Increase microcontroller code efficiency

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:23:00 +0000

C compilers are getting more and more advanced, but there is always a trade off made between speed and code size. Compiled code can be faster or smaller but not both. So you have to choose which part is more important speed or code size.
The Increase of microcontroller code efficiency can be done in many […]

32 bit microcontrollers from ATMEL with ARM7 core

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:22:00 +0000

New ARM7 Microcontrollers from NXP with LCD support

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:22:00 +0000

Programming microcontrollers AduC70xx using boot-loader and ARMWSD utility

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:21:00 +0000

Connect target board to PC COM port;

Programming microcontrollers AduC70xx using boot-loader and ARMWSD utility

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:20:00 +0000

Firmware for AduC70xx ARM microcontrollers can be uploaded using built in boot-loader. To work with boot-loader Analog system. Program doesn’t require installation. ARMWSD communicates with AduC70xx via COM-port. Simple programming steps looks like this:

Connect target board to PC COM port;

Using LPC2000 flash ISP utility to program LPC2148

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:20:00 +0000

As I earlier was writing about my home made ARM7-Base development board for LPC2148

It is time to write few words on how to use LPC2000 flash ISP utility.
LPC2000 flash utility is a software which is used to program LPC2000 series ARM microcontrollers:
LPC2101, LPC2102, LPC2103, LPC2104, LPC2106, LPC2106, LPC2114, LPC2114, LPC2119, LPC2124, LPC2129, LPC2131, LPC2132,

ARM Development Tools

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:19:00 +0000

Building embedded software using algorithm flow charts

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:18:00 +0000

RTC example on ARM7 LPC2148 using WinARM

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:18:00 +0000

Finally got my LPC2148 RTC working on my development board. arm7 base development board for lpc2148

I am quite new to ARM microcontrollers, so I managed to make few tests using them by driving some peripherals and writing some test routines. First code I tried was simple LED blink program first lpc2148 arm7 microcontroller test [...]

Microcontroller eats too much of RAM

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:17:00 +0000

Minimizing microcontroller code size

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:17:00 +0000

Increase microcontroller code efficiency

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:16:00 +0000

Archive for the 'ARM microcontrollers' Category Next Entries » First LPC2148 ARM7 microcontroller test–led blink

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:15:00 +0000

This is simple led blinking routine using my development board. The compiler I used was WINARM. I like this compiler because its free and adaptation is easy while the same functionality is in WINAVR. This simple test just blinks pin 16 of port 0. This I used when I first got to know ARM microcontroller.
Her

Tone Burst Generator by LM555

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:11:00 +0000

Friends take an interest try build Tone Burst Generator be simple is. Try this circuit like sure because use IC 555 , highly popular again. Assure that not sure difficult press the the secretariat of the senate S1 a loudspeaker will utter to come out immediately. When liberate S1 already [...]

Message Recorder Digital Electronics Project

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 13:07:00 +0000

Introduction

The purpose of this digital electronics project is to record messages using a dedicated voice recorder integrated circuit. Recordings are stored in a non volatile memory cells, which means that the message will still be saved even though power has been removed from the device.

Winbond’s ISD2500 Series provide high-quality, single-chip, Record/Playback solutions for 60 seconds to 120 seconds message applications. The CMOS devices include an on-chip oscillator, microphone preamplifier, automatic gain control, antialiasing filter, smoothing filter, speaker amplifier, and high density multi-level storage array. In addition, the ISD2500 is microcontroller compatible, allowing complex messaging and addressing to be achieved. Recordings are stored into on-chip nonvolatile memory cells.

Circuit Description

The ISD25120 has several modes of operation. The mode used here is as a multi-message recorder. You may record as many messages as you want up to 120 seconds of memory space.

Put the SPDT switch into the Record position and just push & release the Start/Pause button to start recording. The Record LED goes on. Push the Start/Pause button to Pause - stop recording. That is the end of Message 1. Sometime later you can record a follow on message, Message 2, by pushing the Start/Pause button again. When you put the switch to Play the messages will playback. Only one message will be played back at a time. You must push Start/Pause again to get the next message. The Reset switch will move the internal address pointer back to the start of the memory space.

Parts List

The parts list of the message recorder is shown as below.

The complete specifications of the Winbond ISD25120 IC can be obtained from ISD25120 Digital Electronics Project Specifications.

“behavioural model” & “structural model”

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Mon, 28 Apr 2008 13:38:00 +0000

The phrases "behavioural model" and "structural model" are commonly used for what we'll call "high-level models" and "synthesizable models". In most cases, what people call structural code contains both structural and behavioural code. The technically correct definition of a structural model is an HDL program that contains only component instantiations and generate statements. Thus, even a program with c <= a AND b; is, strictly speaking, behavioural.

Verilog Shift Register with Test Bench

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Mon, 28 Apr 2008 13:37:00 +0000

module shifter (result, value_in, direction, type, length);
output [7:0] result;
input [7:0] value_in;
input direction;
input [1:0] type;
input [2:0] length;
reg [7:0] value_out;
always @(value_in or direction or type or length)
begin
case ({direction, type})
3'b0_00: value_out = value_in >> length;
3'b0_01: case(length)
3'b000: value_out = value_in;
3'b001: value_out = {value_in[7], value_in[7:1]};
3'b010: value_out = {{2{value_in[7]}}, value_in[7:2]};
3'b011: value_out = {{3{value_in[7]}}, value_in[7:3]};
3'b100: value_out = {{4{value_in[7]}}, value_in[7:4]};
3'b101: value_out = {{5{value_in[7]}}, value_in[7:5]};
3'b110: value_out = {{6{value_in[7]}}, value_in[7:6]};
3'b111: value_out = {{7{value_in[7]}}, value_in[7]};
endcase
3'b0_10: case(length)
3'b000: value_out = value_in;
3'b001: value_out = {value_in[0], value_in[7:1]};
3'b010: value_out = {value_in[1:0], value_in[7:2]};
3'b011: value_out = {value_in[2:0], value_in[7:3]};
3'b100: value_out = {value_in[3:0], value_in[7:4]};
3'b101: value_out = {value_in[4:0], value_in[7:5]};
3'b110: value_out = {value_in[5:0], value_in[7:6]};
3'b111: value_out = {value_in[6:0], value_in[7]};
endcase
3'b1_00: value_out = value_in <<>
3'b1_01: value_out = {value_in[7], value_in[6:0] <<>
3'b1_10: case(length)
3'b000: value_out = value_in;
3'b001: value_out = {value_in[6:0], value_in[7]};
3'b010: value_out = {value_in[5:0], value_in[7:6]};
3'b011: value_out = {value_in[4:0], value_in[7:5]};
3'b100: value_out = {value_in[3:0], value_in[7:4]};
3'b101: value_out = {value_in[2:0], value_in[7:3]};
3'b110: value_out = {value_in[1:0], value_in[7:2]};
3'b111: value_out = {value_in[0], value_in[7:1]};
endcase
default: value_out = value_in;
endcase
end
assign result = value_out;
endmodule

--

module testbench;

reg clk, direction;
reg [1:0] type;
reg [2:0] length;
reg [7:0] value_in;

wire [7:0] result;

shifter shifter1(result, value_in, direction, type, length);

initial
begin
clk = 0;
direction = 1;
type = 1;
length = 3;
value_in = 'b11110110;

$display("direction = %d type = %d length = %d value_in = %b", direction, type, length, value_in);

#10 $display("done");

$finish;
end

always #5 clk = !clk;
always @(posedge clk)
$strobe("result: %b", result);
endmodule

Verilog Awareness

noreply@blogger.com (Technical Information) — Mon, 28 Apr 2008 13:36:00 +0000

* Consider a 2:1 mux , what will be the output F if the Select (sel) is "X" ?
* What is the difference between blocking and nonblocking assignment? Explain with a simple example?
* What is the difference between wire and a reg data type?
* Write code for async reset D-Flip-Flop, Shift Register.
* Write code for 2:1 MUX using different coding styles.
* Write code for parallel encoder and priority encoder.
* Different "case" usage styles! Explain.
* What is the difference between === and == ?
* Why is defparam used for ?
* What is the difference between unary operator and logical operator ?
* What is the difference between task and function ?
* What is the difference between transport and inertial delays?
* What is the difference between casex and case statements ?
* What is the difference between $monitor and $display ?
* What is the difference between compiled, interpreted, event based and cycle based simulator ?