Explosion protected not Flame proof

ATEX 137: Employers obligations

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 23 Apr 2008 17:24:00 +0000

The employer has to ensure the safety of the employees in the plant where hazardous (inflammable) gases are present

The Employer must purchase reliable and safe Ex equipment
and maintain the Ex installation
for more read here

Indian Ex industry under threat from foreign competition

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Tue, 08 Apr 2008 09:34:00 +0000

to market Ex equipment in India today
you need:

Approval from DGMS for Group I apparatus
Approval from CCOE (preferred)
ISI Mark is not mandatory
CMRI has lost its teeth (approvals from other testing authorities is accepted in india)
DGFASLI approval not required

Heavy foreign competition from the big guns in Ex field expected within 3 years
The monopoly of Indian manufacturers in the 800 crore market in India will be destroyed

Quality Control of Ex equipment

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Sun, 06 Apr 2008 15:13:00 +0000

TESTING
go here

the reason for the gas station explosion at Sao Paolo Brazil

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Fri, 04 Apr 2008 18:42:00 +0000

go here

Explosion at Gas station Sao Paolo Brazil

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Tue, 01 Apr 2008 02:17:00 +0000

for video go here

Guide to Explosion Prevention Part 13

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Mon, 24 Mar 2008 22:19:00 +0000

What happens when you buy something that was never intended to be used in a hazardous area, but somehow someone somewhere got it certified, and this instrument causes an explosion?

Let me give you one concrete example where this scenario could have easily happened, and if it had, then the buyer/user would have had no recourse whatsoever against the supplier.Some of the local mines use PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant) underground in an environment where methane can be present (and often is).

Any mine that falls under the jurisdiction of the DME needs to have a certificate from a local testing house for this type of equipment (even if it has already been approved for use in mining overseas).A few years ago, we came across a test report from a local testing house that had certified a normal off the shelf PDA for use in underground mining.I don't want it to look like we're slagging off competitors here or bringing the testing house into disrepute, so I will refrain from mentioning (brand) names here but if you have a requirement for PDAs for underground use and want to get to the bottom of this, please let me know as I will gladly share what I know.

Now, first of all - and apologies for the shameless plug that is to follow - it doesn't take a rocket scientist to estabish that a normal every day off the shelf PDA is not exactly suitable for use in a mining environment.What you want in such challenging environment is something that at the very least is rugged and robust, and protected against water and dust ingress. Something like this (cue shameless plug).

A normal PDA was never actually built for a harsh environment like a mine. It is not rugged and not protected against water or dust. That is apart from the whole 'explosion prevention' subject. I don't know of any manufacturer of off the shelf PDAs that act ually makes an explosion proof PDA.

Yet, here in South Africa, there is a PDA (big brand name!) that comes with a certificate from a local testing house.When we looked at the test report, we noticed a few major issues:
the Bluetooth function was not tested, and not covered by the test report, yet the test report does not impose any remedial action (to deactivate or disable the Bluetooth)
no drop test was carried out (!!!). According to the testing officer, this was done to spare the manufacturer the expense of breakages.

the instrument was only rated IP20 (!!!). Usually, in a mining environment, IP54 is considered a minimum requirement
the instrument poses an electrostatic hazard. Again, the test report does not impose any remedial action
the battery compartment was accessible to the user so could have been opened inside a hazardous area

All in all, because of the fact that all these limitations and restrictions were actually mentioned in the test report, the buyer would have had no recourse if, say, an explosion had occured due to 'static' generated by the PDA, or the user dropping and breaking the PDA in a hazardous area.When challenged, the testing officer did concede that in his opinion, the unit was not suited for use in a mining environment, but that the test report was meant to be a "guideline" for improvements to be made by the manufacturer.

My take on this is simple:Why issue a certificate if the unit is deemed unsuitable? Many people will take a certificate at face value and won't actually ask for a copy of the test report.If something were to have happened, the onus would have been squarely on the buyer or user, with no legal recourse against the supplier.

Last thing I heard about this saga is that the DME has now also stated that the unit in question is not suitable for use in mines.I don't want go into too much detail here so if you have a requirement for PDAs for use in mining and want to know the full story, please l et me know.

Otherwise, just see the above as an illustration of how it's perfectly possible to buy locally certified equipment that is actually totally unsuitable (and unsafe) and leaves you with no legal recourse if the unthinkable were to happen.

I've said it before and I'll say it again: check the certificates and test reports before you buy. Caveat emptor!

Kind regards,

Steven De Becker

SA Ex Instruments (Pty) Ltd info@saex.co.za Tel: 0861 00 SAEX www.saex.co.za

Disasters by Category

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Mon, 24 Mar 2008 14:43:00 +0000

The following is a list of selected accidents involving hazardous substances, arranged by category. The list is not comprehensive, but it does provide compelling evidence for the need for effective disaster prevention and response planning.

Please see below for information regarding the sources of data used in the list, and for the criteria of inclusion in the list. You can also view the list by disaster location or by date.

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Information on Indian Standards for Ex equipment

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Mon, 24 Mar 2008 14:16:00 +0000

go here

Paint spray booth safety

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Sun, 16 Mar 2008 02:37:00 +0000

go here

The painting booth is a hazardous area containing flammable solvent vapors in the booth

Ex equipment such as Ex lighting fittings must be used in this area
Determine the Gas group, the Zone classification
and use appropriate Ex equipment in this area

Enclosure Design

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 12 Mar 2008 02:41:00 +0000

1. SCOPE 2
2. REFERENCES 2
3. SERVICE CONDITIONS 3
4. APPLICATION 4
5. GENERAL REQUIRMENTS 4
5.1 Enclosure 4
5.2 Busbars 6
5.3 Wiring, Terminals and Markings 7
5.4 Safety Considerations and interlocks 7
6. MAJOR COMPONENTS 8
6.1 Circuit Breakers 8
6.2 Motors Controllers 10
6.3 Outing Feeders 12
7. AUXILIARY COMPONENTS 12
7.1 Motor Control Stations 12
7.2 Instruments 13
7.3 Protective Relays 13
7.4 Current Transformers 14
7.5 Voltage Transformers 14
7.6 Anti-condensation Heaters 15
7.7 Accessories 15
8. TESTS AND INSPECTION 16
9. SPARE PARTS 16
10. DOCUMANTATION 17
11. SHIPMENT 18
12. GUARANTEE 18

APPENDICES:

APPENDIX A LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR DATA SHEET 19
APPENDIX B ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR OUTDOOR LOW VOLTAGE
SWITCHGEAR 21

http://igs.nigc.ir/igs/standard/IPS/el/M-EL-1431.DOC

min allowed thickness for enclosure for Exd equipment

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 12 Mar 2008 02:29:00 +0000

go here http://boiler-and-pressure-vessels.blogspot.com/2008/03/httpwww.html

points to note about ISO 60079-0 requirements

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Tue, 11 Mar 2008 10:08:00 +0000

4.2.2 for all Group II equipment T CLass must be marked

8.1.1 LM6 and other Aluminum alloys cannot be used for Group I equipment

8.1.2 Group II

Zone 0: LM6 etc not allowed

Zone 1: Mg 7.5 per cent max

- more to follow

Guidelines on the application of Directive 94/9/EC

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Mon, 10 Mar 2008 22:50:00 +0000

ANNEX 8

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE APPLICATION OF DIRECTIVE 94/9/EC INCLUDING THOSE CONCERNING THE ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

Question 1:

A closed vessel (process vessel, storage tank etc.) contains volatile flammable liquid. The inside of the vessel should be classified as zone 0 generally, and the equipment inside the vessel - stirrer etc. - falls within the scope of 94/9/EC. The zone could be 1 or 2 as well. Now, assume that the surrounding of the vessel is unclassified area as a result of the construction of the vessel in steel, which functions as a barrier. Also, disregard apparatus such as a safety relief valve, which could lead to (partial) classification of the outside of the vessel.

Does such a vessel as a complete unit fall within the scope of 94/9/EC?

Example 1: Suppose ventilation ducts are transporting flammable mixtures sufficient to lead to classification of the interior of the ducts. The duct walls are constructed as barriers and isolate the potentially explosive atmosphere inside the duct from the surroundings. The surroundings of the duct thus are unclassified, and the duct is installed in an unclassified area.

Example 2: Petrol pumps at petrol filling stations are mainly surrounded by unclassified areas. However, the exterior is classified in the region of the nozzle boot. The interior is in part or entirely classified volume.

Example 3: A distillation tower distilling flammable liquids.

Answer (see as well chapter 4.1.2):

In general terms, to fall within the scope of directive 94/9/EC, the following conditions must be fulfilled:

a potentially explosive atmosphere must be present;
the atmosphere must consist of flammable substances mixed with air;
the atmosphere is under atmospheric conditions;
the product must have its own potential sources of ignition (see 4.1.2 a).
As the directive is a risk-related directive, a risk assessment has to be made related to the degree of the above mentioned conditions and if they constitute a dangerous explosion risk. In conjunction with the above conditions please see Table 2 on page 18 of the application guide to check if a product is within the scope of the directive:

1. Situation C - not in the scope of the directive

Example 1: situation C, remark (a) possible

Example 2: A petrol dispenser may be considered as an assembly within the scope of directive 94/9/EC, both if it is built of CE-marked and of non-CE-marked parts. It is a widely supported opinion that a CE marking for the whole equipment is in both cases necessary. When assembling a petrol dispenser a manufacturer may use only CE-marked parts. In this case only additional hazards due to the fact that such parts are connected have to be assessed for the CE-marking of the entire dispenser. In case a manufacturer uses partly or fully non-CE-marked products for the assembly an assessment of the whole assembly has to be done.

Example 3: perhaps situation C, but to answer properly more information would be required.

Question 2:

Is an apparatus, which contains explosive atmospheres inside but is not surrounded by explosive atmospheres inside the scope of the directive 94/9/EC?

In addition, there are questions from manufacturers and Notified Bodies about the classification of equipment-groups into categories. If e.g. an apparatus is used in areas in which explosive atmospheres are likely or unlikely to occur or even do not occur but inside the apparatus under normal operating conditions an explosive atmosphere (for example air/dust mixtures in crushing mills, dryers, dust separators) is always present.

Which conformity assessment procedure for which category is to be used in such cases? For choosing the right procedure is it important to attend to the atmosphere around the apparatus? The confusion in this case comes from the heading in the directive "intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres".

Answer (see as well chapter 4.1.2):

Situation C, if apparatus has its own ignition source

Situation E, if apparatus has no ignition source

E.g. A vessel, which is not surrounded by a potentially explosive atmosphere but has a potentially explosive atmosphere inside is, in general, not in the scope of the directive. Nevertheless, all the equipment inside the vessel with own sources of ignition is inside the scope of the directive

Question 3:

We understand from the definitions of potentially explosive atmospheres and atmospheric conditions that a process vessel operating under other than atmospheric conditions is not covered by 94/9/EC. However, process vessels for chemical reactions are frequently operating with a pressure of several atmospheres. Also in storage tanks for liquefied gas the pressure normally is several atmospheres.

Answer (see as well chapter 4.1.2 and 4.3):

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Caveat Emptor! - Goof ups by the premier certifying authority in India

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Sun, 09 Mar 2008 17:56:00 +0000

The certifying body has certified the following drawings:
1. class of fit (g6H6) not specified for cable entry
2. Temperature class for a lighting fitting was certified as T6
3, a manufacturer failed to specify the temperature class for a lighting fitting, yet it was certified

lott more goof ups have taken place

Exporters to USA and EU: CAUTION !

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Mon, 18 Feb 2008 03:56:00 +0000

If you are exporting
1. Make sure you are a limited company with limited liability
2. Take Product Liability Insurance

The western world is sue happy
They sue at the drop of a hat

SXD
TQMC

where to purchase the Ex standards from

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 30 Jan 2008 06:08:00 +0000

ATEX European Directives regarding Ex http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/atex/index.htm
kelpbr

CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Members and affiliates addresses http://www.cenelec.org/info/sales.htm

hazloc2002
Global HazLoc certification documents Identification of HazLoc certification documents used around the globe. http://www.ul.com/hazloc/refdoc.htm

ul_hazloc_ga...
IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission Search and buy standards https://domino.iec.ch/webstore/home.nsf/webstore_search.htm?OpenPage

hazloc2002
ISA - The Instrumentation, Systems and Automation Society Ex related standards http://www.isa.org/Template.cfm?Section=Electrical_System_Safety2&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=8&ContentID=9526
hazloc2002
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association Catalog on line http://catalog.nfpa.org
hazloc2002

The Energy Institute Publications for the Oil & Gas sector. http://www.petroleum.co.uk/index.cfm?PageID=691

hazloc2002
UL - Underwriters Laboratories (USA) News, prices and scopes of all UL standards http://ulstandardsinfonet.ul.com/
kelpbr

Type Exe & Exn equipments may look alike but there are many differences

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 30 Jan 2008 05:56:00 +0000

Dear Murali,

Type Exe & Exn equipments may look alike but there are many differences between Type Exe & Exn equipments. Best way to understand the difference shall be to go through Codes for these types of protection ie IEC60079-7 for Exe & IEC 60079-15 for Exn read with IEC 60079-0.

However prima facie salient points are as under:
1. Temperature Classification for Exe equipments depends on internal components and there are many riders on type of components you can use inside Type Exe enclosure/ as part of Ex equipments.

2. Type Exn is a compilation of several sub divisions like Restricted Breathing (Ex nR), Limited Energy (Ex nL) etc. Construction & Test requirements vary depending on sub divisions.

3. Type Exe is suitable for Zone 1 & Zone 2, whereas Exn is suitable for Zone 2 only.

4. If we take an example of Ex nR luminaire, the T class will be based on external temperature of enclosure, thus luminaires for High Wattage HID lamps are possible. However Luminaires for High Wattage HID lamps are not possible as T class is based on Lamp temperature inside enclosure.

Hope this is useful. However, reading of Codes is must for exhaustive knowledge.

Regards
B K GUPTA
Ex-PROTECTA/ TECEX Foundation - INDIA http://www.exprotecta.com/ / http://www.tecexfoundation.org/

a letter from HAZLOC Yahoo group
see bottom of this page to join

Inspection and maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Tue, 22 Jan 2008 11:33:00 +0000

IEC 60079-17 (2002-07) Ed. 3.0 - HIGHLIGHT !

Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres
- Part 17: Inspection and maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines)

This International Standard is intended to be applied by users, and covers factors directly related to the inspection and maintenance of electrical installations within hazardous areas only. It does not include conventional requirements for electrical installations, nor the testing and certification of electrical apparatus. It does not cover Group I apparatus (applications for mines susceptible to firedamp). It does not cover the alternative of "Continuous supervision by skilled personnel".Experts from IEC subcommittee 31J (Classification of hazardous areas and installation requirements) explain that "this International Standard can be used as a basis for preparing maintenance manuals for industries that operate within a hazardous environment through the use of electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres."ICS code: 29.260.20 - SC 31J - 49pp. - CHF 95,00 for single user and CHF 123,50 for a three-user network license

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Salient Features of ISO/IEC 60079-1: 2007

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Tue, 22 Jan 2008 11:16:00 +0000

TO BE NOTED
5.1 The surfaces of joints may be protected against corrosion
5.2.2 The average surface roughness Ra must not exceed 6.3 micron
5.3 Threaded Joints
Required 6g6H fit
the threads in the threaded joint must also have surface finsih better than or equal to 6.3 micron

GENERAL
ISO/IEC 60079-0 must be complied also

Tongue in groove joint is not an approved joint

New Marking requirements specified
for Cable Glands and Blanking plugs refer Annexure C

the liner bush connecting one compartment with the other cannot be made using moulded GFN as it will fail in the pressure test

ISO/IEC 60079-0 requirements must also be complied with:

clearance and creepage requirements
capacitance not to exceed the values shown in table
marking of cable entries
instruction booklet for operation and maintenance
other requirements

Part 1 of BS EN 60079 contains specific requirements for the construction and testing of electrical equipment with the type of protection flameproof enclosure “d”, intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres.
BS EN 60079-1 supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0.

Full content list - BS EN 60079-1 (including Scope)
Contents of BS EN 60079-1 include:
Terms and definitionsEquipment grouping and temperature classificationFlameproof jointsThreaded and non-threaded jointsGaskets (including O-rings)Mechanical strengthWidth of cemented jointsOperating rodsSupplementary requirements for shafts and bearingsJoints of shaftsBearingsLight-transmitting partsBreathing and draining devices which form part of a flameproof enclosureOpenings for breathing or drainingComposition limitsDimensionsElements with measurable pathsElements with non-measurable pathsRemovable devicesMounting arrangements of the elementsMechanical strengthBreathing devices and draining devices when used as Ex componentsFasteners, associated holes and blanking elementsMaterials and mechanical strength of enclosuresCable glandsConduit sealing devicesPlugs and sockets and cable couplersBushingsVerification and testsTests of flameproof enclosures with breathing and draining devicesSwitchgear

Bibliographic Detail
Standard Number
BS EN 60079-1:2007
Title
Explosive atmospheres. Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures "d"
Cross References
IEC 60061, IEC 60079-0:2004, IEC 60079-1-1, IEC 60079-7, IEC 60079-11, IEC 60079-14:2002, IEC 60086-1:2000, IEC 60112, IEC 60127, IEC 60529:1989, IEC 60623:2001, IEC 60662:1980, IEC 60695-11-10, IEC 61951-1:2003, IEC 61951-2:2003, ISO 185:1988, ISO 965-1:1998, ISO 965-3:1998, ISO 2738:1999, ISO 3864: 1984, ISO 4003:1977, ISO 4022:1987, ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983, EN 60061, EN 60079-0:2006, EN 60079-7:2007, EN 60079-11:2007, EN 60079-14:2003, EN 60086-1:2001, EN 60112:2003, EN 60127, EN 60529:1991, EN 60529:1991/CORR1:1993, EN 60623:2001, EN 60662:1993, EN 60695-11-10:1999, EN 61951-1:2003, EN 61951-2:2003, EN ISO 2738:1999, EN 24003:1993, EN ISO 4022:2006
Replaces
BS EN 60079-1:2004, Replaces BS EN 60079-1:2004 which remains current

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Threaded flameproof joint requirements

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Fri, 18 Jan 2008 21:19:00 +0000

In a threaded flameproof joint, the class of fit must be at least 6g6H

basic requirements

Product Recall

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Thu, 13 Dec 2007 18:11:00 +0000

The audit requirements for Notified Bodies has been under scrutiny and will become more rigorous over time, covering in far more detail aspects such as Declarations of Conformity (for both the manufacturer and all suppliers and sub-suppliers) and methods of remaining current with technical progress.

It is however the ‘Internal Control of Production’ for Directives where Notified Bodies are not involved where there is the greatest likelihood of non-compliance and product recall. Internal Control of Production requires specific and deliberate actions to be undertaken by the manufacturing company on a regular basis.

Some of these requirements are derived from the Standards with which they claim compliance (such as routine dielectric strength tests for electrical safety) and other requirements are ‘quality control’ issues, such as the requirement to get Declarations of Conformity for the parts of the product that are subcontracted or bought in (such as lead free paint!)

Ultimately the underlying problem is that people see Internal Control of Production as ‘no action required’ as there is no 3rd party audit.

Given the Billions of Pounds that will be spent on the just the two product recalls listed, it is hoped that manufactures will assess the real cost of not having an adequate quality system for CE marked products.

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Traceability: The "poka yoke" way

by Mitch DeCaire, Cogiscan, Inc. and Jason Spera, Aegis Industrial Software Corporation
1 September 2004

A scalable traceability system is critical to each customer request, no matter how simple or complex, both now and in the future.
Poka yoke-Japanese term which means mistake proofing, often referred to as "error-proofing". Error-proofing is a manufacturing technique of preventing errors by designing the manufacturing process, equipment, and tools so that an operation literally cannot be performed incorrectly. The electronics manufacturing industry faces increasing demand for product traceability. Competitive pressures for improved product quality and reduced cost will dictate a higher level of control over materials usage and assembly process.

Traceability requirements once limited to extreme reliability applications, such as aerospace and other life-critical products, are becoming a necessity in many sectors such as telecom, computing and automotive.

Demands for traceability Outsourcing: There is increased reliance on the outsourcing model to reduce costs and shift focus to core competencies. Maintaining and improving quality levels become critical because of the direct influence on customer satisfaction and future revenues. The ability to identify the root cause of a field failure, implement corrective actions and limit product recalls, are critical.

Contractual traceability requirements assures a manufacturer that its suppliers will implement control systems, which are required for data generation and collection.

Product recalls: When there is a product recall, cost and customer impact can be minimized if there is data to identify the affected product serial numbers. Without data, assumptions are made when determining the units to recall, resulting in unnecessary removal of some good products from the field.

Liability: Manufacturing contracts with liability stipulations ensure that products are assembled according to proper customer specifications and industry standards, using accurate machine and process settings with a correct combination of materials and chemicals. A traceability database can significantly affect the outcome of liability claims within the supply chain.

Lead-free: Lead-free conversion schedules vary between manu-facturers, and between component suppliers. Some manufacturers are required to convert products to lead-free by specific dates. Others have to manage two processes (lead-based or lead-free), depending on the sales location of a particular product serial number. Lead-free legislation drives the need to know components, boards, and solder (bar, paste, wire) which are incorporated into each product serial number.
Moisture sensitive devices (MSDs): The logistical nightmare of MSD control and the related risks of moisture induced damage are exacerbated by increased sensitivity levels due to higher reflow temperatures (for lead-free); reductions in package body thickness and lead pitch; and increased use of plastic instead of higher cost hermetic body materials.

A real-time traceability system that accounts for MSD handling, relative to the industry standard (IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033A), reduces the risk of field failures due to moisture-induced damage.
Traceability at different levels
The electronics manufacturing industry agrees that traceability has become more important.

Definition of "traceability" depends on the depth and scope of customers' requirements. As a general framework, traceability systems can be classified into four levels (see "Traceability systems classified into four levels").
Traceability can be applied to other elements of the manufacturing process as long as data can be recorded and associated with the finished product. For example, tracing lot code data for raw materials such as solders and fluxes; associating operators involved at each stage of the assembly process; maintaining a log of process conditions such as stencil serial number and oven zone temperatures; and engineering activities including documentation revisions and process changes.

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Which Government Websites Have Product Recall Information?
by: Everett Sizemore

There is no one government agency in charge of issuing recall notices for all products. Instead, different products fall under different jurisdictions, each of which is handled by a completely separate agency.
In this article we will explain the jurisdiction of each of the six major government agencies in charge of recalling products and issuing recall alerts. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - http://www.fda.gov/:
The FDA is probably most thought of when the word “recall” comes up. It is obvious that the FDA deals with food and drug issues, but they are also in charge of testing, monitoring and recalling medical devices (pacemakers, contact lenses...), animal feed, cosmetics, and products with the potential to cause health-related side effects, such as cell phones and lasers. Although the FDA is in charge of “food,” they also share that responsibility with the next federal agency…

more websites

Explosion protection Literature

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Thu, 13 Dec 2007 07:58:00 +0000

go here

Machining capability required by Flameproof manufacturers

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Thu, 13 Dec 2007 07:25:00 +0000

Machining tolerances are very close to maintain the flame gap of joint
Machining capability has to be validated

Processes

Drilling

Drill press run out

what is run out?

what is my spindle taper?

Tool Holders

Technical drawings and tolerancing

Testing of accuracy of machine

Cable entries

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 12 Dec 2007 22:27:00 +0000

Before mounting the cable glands on the Ex enclosure,
Check the cable entries with GO/NO GO Gauges

Fitting instructions for cable glands

FITS AND TOLERANCES FOR THREADS
go here
and here

Standards" where to find them

noreply@blogger.com (tqmcintl) — Wed, 28 Nov 2007 16:55:00 +0000

ATEX European Directives regarding Ex http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/atex/index.htm

kelpbr
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

hazloc2002
Global HazLoc certification documents Identification of HazLoc certification documents used around the globe. http://www.ul.com/hazloc/refdoc.htm

ul_hazloc_ga...
IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission Search and buy standards https://domino.iec.ch/webstore/home.nsf/webstore_search.htm?OpenPage

hazloc2002
ISA - The Instrumentation, Systems and Automation Society Ex related standards http://www.isa.org/Template.cfm?Section=Electrical_System_Safety2&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=8&ContentID=9526
hazloc2002
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association Catalog on line http://catalog.nfpa.org/

hazloc2002
The Energy Institute Publications for the Oil & Gas sector. http://www.petroleum.co.uk/index.cfm?PageID=691

hazloc2002
UL - Underwriters Laboratories (USA) News, prices and scopes of all UL standards http://ulstandardsinfonet.ul.com/
kelpbr