<!DOCTYPE html>



































<html class="hasSidebar hasPageActions hasBreadcrumb conceptual has-default-focus" lang="en-us" dir="ltr" data-css-variable-support="true" data-authenticated="false" data-auth-status-determined="false" data-target="docs" x-ms-format-detection="none">

<head>
	<meta charset="utf-8" />
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
	<meta property="og:title" content="Windows Presentation Foundation" />
	<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
	<meta property="og:url" content="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/wpf/" />

	<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" />
	<meta name="twitter:site" content="@docsmsft" />

		<meta name="ms.devlang" content="dotnet" />
<meta name="author" content="dotnet-bot" />
<meta name="ms.author" content="dotnetcontent" />
<meta name="breadcrumb_path" content="/dotnet/breadcrumb/toc.json" />
<meta name="apiPlatform" content="dotnet" />
<meta name="ms.topic" content="conceptual" />
<meta name="ms.technology" content="dotnet-wpf" />
<meta name="ms.prod" content="dotnet-framework" />
<meta name="uhfHeaderId" content="MSDocsHeader-DotNet" />
<meta name="ms.assetid" content="f667bd15-2134-41e9-b4af-5ced6fafab5d" />
<meta name="applies_to" content="Windows 10" />
<meta name="applies_to" content="Windows 7" />
<meta name="applies_to" content="Windows 7 with SP1" />
<meta name="applies_to" content="Windows 8" />
<meta name="applies_to" content="Windows 8 Pro" />
<meta name="applies_to" content="Windows 8.1" />
<meta name="ms.date" content="01/25/2018" />
<meta name="search.ms_sitename" content="Docs" />
<meta name="search.ms_docsetname" content="core-docs" />
<meta name="locale" content="en-us" />
<meta name="site_name" content="Docs" />
<meta name="search.ms_product" content="VS" />
<meta name="depot_name" content="VS.core-docs" />
<meta name="updated_at" content="2018-05-04 04:36 AM" />
<meta name="gitcommit" content="https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/af4b6a2c4a34e03bc538b8916a0cb950516df23c/docs/framework/wpf/index.md" />
<meta name="original_content_git_url" content="https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/live/docs/framework/wpf/index.md" />
<meta name="document_id" content="be16c8cd-c7df-baf4-f649-64250f8e3fc9" />
<meta name="document_version_independent_id" content="0cead786-5529-c4a0-31cc-047a3affe4b2" />
<meta name="page_type" content="conceptual" />
<meta name="toc_rel" content="toc.json" />
<meta name="pdf_url_template" content="https://docs.microsoft.com/pdfstore/en-us/VS.core-docs/{branchName}{pdfName}" />
<meta name="search.mshattr.devlang" content="csharp" />
<meta name="word_count" content="41" />

	<meta name="scope" content=".NET" />
<link href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/wpf/" rel="canonical">
	<title>Windows Presentation Foundation | Microsoft Docs</title>

		<link rel="stylesheet" href="/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/styles/5229b8df.site-ltr.css ">

	<link rel="stylesheet" href="/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/styles/cd54db8b.conceptual.css ">


	<script>
	var msDocs = {
		data: {
			timeOrigin: Date.now(),
			azureHeaderLocale: 'en-us',
			contentLocale: 'en-us',
			contentDir: 'ltr',
			userLocale: 'en-us',
			userDir: 'ltr',
			pageTemplate: 'Conceptual',
			brand: '',
			context: {

			},
			hasComments: true,
			feedbackSystem: 'GitHub',
			feedbackGitHubRepo: 'dotnet/docs',
			feedbackProductUrl: 'https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/spaces/61/index.html',
			contentGitUrl: 'https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/master/docs/framework/wpf/index.md',
				showLatex: true,
		},
		functions:{},
		settings:{
			extendBreadcrumb: false,
			enableUHFPPE: true
		}
	};
	if (!('Promise' in window && 'resolve' in window.Promise && 'reject' in window.Promise && 'all' in window.Promise && 'race' in window.Promise)) {
		document.write('<script src="https://static.docs.com/ui/third-party/bluebird/3.5.0/bluebird.min.js" integrity="sha384-aD4BDeDGeLXLpPK4yKeqtZQa9dv4a/7mQ+4L5vwshIYH1Mc2BrXvHd32iHzYCQy5" crossorigin="anonymous"><\/script>');
	}
	if (typeof fetch !== 'function') {
		document.write('<script src="https://static.docs.com/ui/third-party/fetch/2.0.3/fetch.min.js" integrity="sha384-H3LQq82b6Mm80GYRHtRSlTwO9DoXctmYCVEYk9M8mp97lRzs6DuSrHVUg3SBP9w0" crossorigin="anonymous"><\/script>');
	}
	if (typeof HTMLTemplateElement === 'undefined') {
		document.write('<script src="https://static.docs.com/ui/third-party/template/1.4.0/template.min.js" integrity="sha384-1zKzI6ldTVHMU7n0W2HpE/lhHI+UG4D9IIaxbj3kT2UhCWicdTuJkTtnKuu0CQzN" crossorigin="anonymous"><\/script>');
	}
	if (typeof URL !== 'function') {
		document.write('<script src="https://static.docs.com/ui/third-party/url/0.5.7/url.min.js" integrity="sha384-vn7xBMtpSTfzaTRWxj0kVq0UcsbBrTOgZ/M1ISHqe1V358elYva+lfiEC+T8jLPc" crossorigin="anonymous"><\/script>');
	}
	</script>

	<script src="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-3.3.1.min.js" integrity="sha384-tsQFqpEReu7ZLhBV2VZlAu7zcOV+rXbYlF2cqB8txI/8aZajjp4Bqd+V6D5IgvKT" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
		<script src="/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/scripts/192c7df1.index-docs.js"></script>

</head>

<body lang="en-us" dir="ltr">
<div class="header-holder has-default-focus">
	<a href="#main" class="skip-to-main-link visually-hidden-until-focused is-fixed has-inner-focus focus-visible has-top-zero has-left-zero has-right-zero has-padding-medium has-text-centered has-body-background-medium" tabindex="1">Skip to main content</a>
		<div id="headerAreaHolder" data-bi-name="header">
			<div id="uhf-placeholder"></div>
		</div>
	<div class="content-header uhf-container has-padding has-default-focus" data-bi-name="content-header">
		<nav class="has-padding-none-mobile" data-bi-name="breadcrumb" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" role="navigation" aria-label="Breadcrumb">
		<ul id="page-breadcrumbs" class="breadcrumbs">
		</ul>
		</nav>
		<div class="content-header-controls">
			<button type="button" class="contents-button button" data-bi-name="contents-expand" aria-haspopup="true">
				<span class="icon"><span class="docon docon-menu" aria-hidden="true"></span></span>
				<span>Contents</span>
			</button>
		</div>
		<div class="content-header-controls exit-focus">
			<button type="button" class="ap-collapse-behavior ap-expanded button" data-bi-name="ap-collapse" aria-controls="action-panel">
				<span class="icon"><span class="docon docon-exit-mode" aria-hidden="true"></span></span>
				<span>Exit focus mode</span>
			</button>
			
		</div>
		<div class="action-bar">
			<ul class="action-list">
						<li>
							<a href="#feedback" class="button is-text is-small is-icon-only-touch" data-bi-name="comments">
								<span class="icon">
									<span class="docon docon-comment-lines" aria-hidden="true"></span>
								</span>
								<span class="action-item-text is-hidden-portrait">Feedback</span>
							</a>
						</li>
							<li id="contenteditbtn">
									<a href="https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/master/docs/framework/wpf/index.md" class="button is-text is-icon-only-touch is-small" title="Edit This Document" data-bi-name="edit" data-original_content_git_url="https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/live/docs/framework/wpf/index.md" data-original_content_git_url_template="" data-pr_repo="" data-pr_branch="">
									<span class="icon">
										<span class="docon docon-edit-outline" aria-hidden="true"></span>
									</span>
									<span class="action-item-text is-hidden-portrait">Edit</span>
								</a>
							</li>
				<li>
					<div class="sharing dropdown has-caret" auto-align>
						<button class="dropdown-trigger button is-text is-small is-icon-only-touch" aria-controls="sharing-menu" aria-expanded="false" title="Share This Document" data-bi-name="share">
							<span class="icon" aria-hidden="true">
								<span class="docon docon-sharing"></span>
							</span>
							<span class="action-item-text is-hidden-portrait">Share</span>
						</button>
						<div class="dropdown-menu" id="sharing-menu">
							<ul data-bi-name="share-links">
								<li>
									<a class="share-twitter" data-bi-name="twitter">
										<span class="icon">
											<span class="docon docon-brand-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></span>
										</span>
										<span>Twitter</span>
									</a>
								</li>
								<li>
									<a class="share-linkedin" data-bi-name="linkedin">
										<span class="icon">
											<span class="docon docon-brand-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></span>
										</span>
										<span>LinkedIn</span>
									</a>
								</li>
								<li>
									<a class="share-facebook" data-bi-name="facebook">
										<span class="icon">
											<span class="docon docon-brand-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></span>
										</span>
										<span>Facebook</span>
									</a>
								</li>
								<li>
									<a class="share-email" data-bi-name="email">
										<span class="icon">
											<span class="docon docon-mail-message-fill" aria-hidden="true"></span>
										</span>
										<span>Email</span>
									</a>
								</li>
							</ul>
						</div>
					</div>
				</li>
				<li class="is-unstyle-action-list-item">
<div class="dropdown has-caret" auto-align>
	<button class="dropdown-trigger button is-text is-small is-icon-only-touch"
		aria-controls="theme-menu" aria-expanded="false" title="Theme" data-bi-name="theme">
		<span class="icon">
			<span class="docon docon-sun" aria-hidden="true"></span>
		</span>
		<span class="action-item-text is-hidden-portrait">Theme</span>
	</button>
	<div class="dropdown-menu" id="theme-menu" role="menu">
		<div class="theme-selector has-padding-small">
			<div class="theme is-block">
				<button class="button is-text is-small theme-control is-fullwidth has-flex-justify-content-start"
					data-theme-to="light" role="menuitem">
					<span class="theme-light has-margin-right-small">
						<span
							class="theme-selector-icon css-variable-support has-border is-inline-block has-body-background"
							aria-hidden="true">
							<svg class="svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
								viewBox="0 0 22 14">
								<rect width="22" height="14" class="has-fill-body-background" />
								<rect x="5" y="5" width="12" height="4" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="5" y="2" width="2" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="8" y="2" width="2" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="11" y="2" width="3" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="1" y="1" width="2" height="2" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="5" y="10" width="7" height="2" rx="0.3" class="has-fill-primary" />
								<rect x="19" y="1" width="2" height="2" rx="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
							</svg>
						</span>
					</span>
					<span>
Light					</span>
				</button>
			</div>
			<div class="theme is-block">
				<button class="button is-text is-small theme-control is-fullwidth has-flex-justify-content-start"
					data-theme-to="dark" role="menuitem">
					<span class="theme-dark has-margin-right-small">
						<span
							class="has-border theme-selector-icon css-variable-support is-inline-block has-body-background"
							aria-hidden="true">
							<svg class="svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
								viewBox="0 0 22 14">
								<rect width="22" height="14" class="has-fill-body-background" />
								<rect x="5" y="5" width="12" height="4" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="5" y="2" width="2" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="8" y="2" width="2" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="11" y="2" width="3" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="1" y="1" width="2" height="2" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="5" y="10" width="7" height="2" rx="0.3" class="has-fill-primary" />
								<rect x="19" y="1" width="2" height="2" rx="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
							</svg>
						</span>
					</span>
					<span>
Dark					</span>
				</button>
			</div>
			<div class="theme is-block">
				<button class="button is-text is-small theme-control is-fullwidth has-flex-justify-content-start"
					data-theme-to="high-contrast" role="menuitem">
					<span class="theme-high-contrast has-margin-right-small">
						<span
							class="has-border theme-selector-icon css-variable-support is-inline-block has-body-background"
							aria-hidden="true">
							<svg class="svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
								viewBox="0 0 22 14">
								<rect width="22" height="14" class="has-fill-body-background" />
								<rect x="5" y="5" width="12" height="4" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="5" y="2" width="2" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="8" y="2" width="2" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="11" y="2" width="3" height="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="1" y="1" width="2" height="2" class="has-fill-secondary" />
								<rect x="5" y="10" width="7" height="2" rx="0.3" class="has-fill-primary" />
								<rect x="19" y="1" width="2" height="2" rx="1" class="has-fill-secondary" />
							</svg>
						</span>
					</span>
					<span>
High contrast					</span>
				</button>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>				</li>
				<li class="is-unstyled-action-list-item">
					<a class="docs-sign-in auth-status-determined not-authenticated button is-text has-text-primary is-small" href="#">Sign in</a>
					<div class="dropdown has-caret auth-status-determined authenticated" auto-align>
						<button class="dropdown-trigger button is-text is-small is-icon-only-touch has-inner-focus" aria-label="Your Account" aria-controls="user-menu" aria-expanded="false">
							<span class="icon" aria-hidden="true">
								<span class="image">
									<img class="has-body-background-medium is-rounded" data-profile-property="avatarUrl">
								</span>
							</span>
							<span class="is-truncated has-margin-left-small" data-profile-property="userName"></span>
						</button>
						<div class="dropdown-menu box" id="user-menu" role="menu">
							<div class="media is-user-dir">
								<div class="media-left">
									<span class="image is-64x64" aria-hidden="true">
										<img class="has-body-background-medium is-rounded" data-profile-property="avatarUrl">
									</span>
								</div>
								<div class="media-content">
									<p class="title">
										<span class="is-truncated" style="max-width: 200px" data-profile-property="userName"></span>
									</p>
									<p class="subtitle has-margin-bottom-none">
										<span class="is-truncated" style="max-width: 200px" data-profile-property="upn"></span>
									</p>
									<ul class="is-unstyled has-margin-none has-margin-top-small">
										<li><a href="/profile" data-profile-property="profileUrl">Profile</a></li>
										<li><a class="docs-sign-out" href="#">Sign out</a></li>
									</ul>
								</div>
							</div>
						</div>
					</div>
				</li>
			</ul>
			<button type="button" class="contents-button" aria-label="Contents" data-bi-name="contents-expand-">
				<span class="docon docon-editor-list-bullet"></span><span>Contents</span>
			</button>
		</div>
	</div>

		<div id="banner-holder" class="has-default-focus has-overflow-hidden">
		</div>

	<div id="disclaimer-holder" class="has-overflow-hidden has-default-focus"></div>
	</div>

	<div class="mainContainer  uhf-container has-top-padding  has-default-focus" data-bi-name="body">

		<div class="columns has-large-gaps ">

			<div id="left-container" class="left-container is-hidden-mobile column is-one-third-tablet is-one-quarter-desktop">
				<nav id="affixed-left-container" class="is-fixed is-flex is-flex-column" role="navigation" aria-label="Primary"></nav>
			</div>

			<section class="primary-holder column is-two-thirds-tablet is-three-quarters-desktop">
				<div class="columns has-large-gaps ">


				<div id="main-column" class="column  is-full is-four-fifths-desktop ">

					<main id="main" role="main" class="content " data-bi-name="content" lang="en-us" dir="ltr">




						<h1 id="windows-presentation-foundation" sourcefile="docs/framework/wpf/index.md" sourcestartlinenumber="18">Windows Presentation Foundation</h1>

						<ul class="metadata page-metadata" data-bi-name="page info" lang="en-us" dir="ltr">
							<li class="displayDate loading">
								<time role="presentation" datetime="2018-01-25T00:00:00.000Z" data-article-date-source="ms.date">01/25/2018</time>
							</li>
								<li class="readingTime">2 minutes to read</li>
							<li class="contributors-holder">
								<a class="has-inner-focus" href="https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/master/docs/framework/wpf/index.md" title="8 Contributors" aria-label="8 Contributors">
									<ul class="contributors" data-bi-name="contributors" aria-hidden="true">
												<li><img src="https://docs.microsoft.com/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/images/contributor.svg" data-src="https://github.com/dotnet-bot.png?size=32" role="presentation"/></li>
												<li><img src="https://docs.microsoft.com/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/images/contributor.svg" data-src="https://github.com/mairaw.png?size=32" role="presentation"/></li>
												<li><img src="https://docs.microsoft.com/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/images/contributor.svg" data-src="https://github.com/pkulikov.png?size=32" role="presentation"/></li>
												<li><img src="https://docs.microsoft.com/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/images/contributor.svg" data-src="https://github.com/Mikejo5000.png?size=32" role="presentation"/></li>
												<li><img src="https://docs.microsoft.com/_themes/docs.theme/master/en-us/_themes/images/contributor.svg" data-src="https://github.com/mikeblome.png?size=32" role="presentation"/></li>
										<li><span class="is-size-8 has-text-subtle has-margin-right-small">+3</span></li>
									</ul>
								</a>
							</li>

						</ul>


						<nav id="center-doc-outline" class="doc-outline is-hidden-desktop" data-bi-name="intopic toc" role="navigation" aria-label="Article Outline">
							<h3>In this article</h3>
						</nav>


						<!-- <content> -->
							
<p>Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) in Visual Studio provides developers with a unified programming model for building line-of-business desktop applications on Windows.</p>
<p><a href="/en-us/visualstudio/designers/create-modern-desktop-applications-with-windows-presentation-foundation" data-linktype="absolute-path">Create Desktop Applications with Windows Presentation Foundation</a></p>
<p><a href="/en-us/visualstudio/designers/designing-xaml-in-visual-studio" data-linktype="absolute-path">Designing XAML in Visual Studio and Blend for Visual Studio</a></p>
<p><a href="https://aka.ms/vsdownload?utm_source=mscom&amp;utm_campaign=msdocs" data-linktype="external">Get Visual Studio</a></p>

						<!-- </content> -->

						</main>

						<!-- feedback section -->



<section class="feedback-section" data-bi-name="feedback-section">

	<h2 id="feedback">Feedback</h2>

	<div class="alert choose-feedback-type">
		<p id="send-feedback-about" aria-hidden="true">Send feedback about</p>

		<div class="choose-feedback-buttons">
			<a class="button feedback-type-product has-margin-bottom-small" aria-label="Send feedback about this product" href="https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/spaces/61/index.html" data-bi-name="product-feedback">
				<span>This product</span>
				<span class="icon docon docon-navigate-external" aria-hidden="true"></span>
			</a>

			<div class="field has-addons is-inline-flex has-margin-bottom-small">
				<div class="control has-margin-top-none has-margin-bottom-none">
					<button class="button feedback-sign-in-button has-text-wrap" aria-label="Send feedback about this page" data-bi-name="feedback-sign-in">
						<span class="icon docon docon-brand-github" aria-hidden="true"></span>
						<span>This page</span>
					</button>
				</div>
				<div class="control dropdown has-caret has-margin-top-none has-margin-bottom-none" auto-align>
					<button class="button dropdown-trigger is-full-height" aria-describedby="send-feedback-about" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="fbm0" aria-label="Additional feedback options" data-bi-name="documentation-feedback-menu">
						<span class="icon" aria-hidden="true">
							<span class="docon docon-chevron-down-light expanded-indicator"></span>
						</span>
					</button>
					<div id="fbm0" class="dropdown-menu documentation-feedback-menu">
						You may also leave feedback directly on <a data-bi-name="create-issue-on-github" href="{0}">GitHub <span class="docon docon-navigate-external" aria-hidden="true"></span></a>.					</div>
				</div>
			</div>

			<div class="field has-addons is-inline-flex has-margin-bottom-small" hidden>
				<div class="control has-margin-top-none has-margin-bottom-none">
					<button class="button feedback-form-toggle" aria-describedby="send-feedback-about" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="feedback-form"
						data-bi-name="documentation-feedback">
This page					</button>
				</div>
				<div class="control dropdown has-caret has-margin-top-none has-margin-bottom-none" auto-align>
					<button class="button dropdown-trigger" aria-describedby="send-feedback-about" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="fbm1" aria-label="Additional feedback options" data-bi-name="documentation-feedback-menu">
						<span class="icon" aria-hidden="true">
							<span class="docon docon-chevron-down-light expanded-indicator"></span>
						</span>
					</button>
					<div id="fbm1" class="dropdown-menu documentation-feedback-menu">
						You may also leave feedback directly on <a data-bi-name="create-issue-on-github" href="{0}">GitHub <span class="docon docon-navigate-external" aria-hidden="true"></span></a>.					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>

	<form class="feedback-form" id="feedback-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" autocomplete="off" action="javascript:" hidden>
		<h3 class="feedback-form-heading current-user">
			<img class="avatar" alt="Avatar" width="36" height="36" aria-hidden="true">
			<span class="username" aria-hidden="true"></span>
			<span class="visually-hidden">Liquid error: Can't find the localized string giveDocumentationFeedback for template Conceptual.</span>
		</h3>

		<label>
			<span class="visually-hidden">Issue Title</span>
			<input class="input is-radiusless has-margin-bottom-small" name="title" type="text" placeholder="Issue Title" required pattern=".*[^\s]+.*">
		</label>
		<label>
			<span class="visually-hidden">Leave a comment</span>
			<textarea name="body" placeholder="Leave a comment" class="textarea is-radiusless" required></textarea>
		</label>

		<div class="action-container">
			<button class="button is-primary" type="submit" name="submit">Submit feedback</button>
		</div>
	</form>

	<div class="feedback-status alert is-loading">
		<p>Loading feedback...</p>
	</div>

	<div class="feedback-tab-group tabGroup" data-tab-group-independent hidden>
		<ul role="tablist">
			<li role="presentation">
				<a href="#tabpanel-issues-open" role="tab" aria-controls="tabpanel-issues-open" data-tab="issues-open"></a>
			</li>
			<li role="presentation">
				<a href="#tabpanel-issues-closed" role="tab" aria-controls="tabpanel-issues-closed" data-tab="issues-closed"></a>
			</li>
		</ul>
		<section id="tabpanel-issues-open" role="tabpanel" data-tab="issues-open">
			<div class="no-issues-placeholder">There are no open issues</div>
			<ul class="github-issues-list" aria-label="Open Issues"></ul>
		</section>
		<section id="tabpanel-issues-closed" role="tabpanel" data-tab="issues-closed">
			<div class="no-issues-placeholder">There are no closed issues</div>
			<ul class="github-issues-list" aria-label="Closed Issues"></ul>
		</section>
	</div>
	<div class="action-container">
		<a class="view-on-github" href="https://github.com/dotnet/docs/issues" data-bi-name="view-on-github"
		 hidden>
			<span class="docon docon-brand-github" aria-hidden="true"></span>
			<span>View on GitHub</span>
			<span class="docon docon-navigate-external" aria-hidden="true"></span>
		</a>
	</div>
</section>


						<!-- end feedback section -->

						<div class="footerContainer is-visible-interactive has-default-focus ">
<footer id="footer-interactive" data-bi-name="footer" class="footer-layout">

    <a data-mscc-ic="false" class="locale-selector-link" href="#" data-bi-name="select-locale"><span class="icon docon docon-world is-size-4 has-margin-right-small" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="local-selector-link-text"></span></a>

    <ul class="links" data-bi-name="footerlinks">
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/previous-versions/" data-bi-name="archivelink">Previous Version Docs</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/teamblog" data-bi-name="bloglink">Blog</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/contribute" data-bi-name="contributorGuide">Contribute</a></li>
			<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839" data-bi-name="privacy">Privacy &amp; Cookies</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="/en-us/legal/termsofuse" data-bi-name="termsofuse">Terms of Use</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://aka.ms/sitefeedback" data-bi-name="feedback">Site Feedback</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/EN-US.aspx" data-bi-name="trademarks">Trademarks</a></li>
    </ul>
</footer>
						</div>
					</div>

					<div id="page-actions" class="right-container column is-one-quarter is-one-fifth-desktop is-hidden-mobile is-hidden-tablet-only" data-bi-name="pageactions" role="complementary" aria-label="Page Actions">
							<nav id="side-doc-outline" class="doc-outline is-fixed is-vertically-scrollable" data-bi-name="intopic toc" role="navigation" aria-label="Article Outline">
								<h3>In this article</h3>
							</nav>
					</div>

					<!--end of div.columns -->
				</div>

			<!--end of .primary-holder -->
			</section>

			<aside id="interactive-container" class="interactive-container is-visible-interactive column has-body-background-dark ">
			</aside>
		</div>

		<!--end of .mainContainer -->
	</div>

	<div id="openFeedbackContainer" class="openfeedback-container"></div>

	<div class="footerContainer has-default-focus is-hidden-interactive ">
<footer id="footer" data-bi-name="footer" class="footer-layout uhf-container has-padding" role="contentinfo">

    <a data-mscc-ic="false" class="locale-selector-link" href="#" data-bi-name="select-locale"><span class="icon docon docon-world is-size-4 has-margin-right-small" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="local-selector-link-text"></span></a>

    <ul class="links" data-bi-name="footerlinks">
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/previous-versions/" data-bi-name="archivelink">Previous Version Docs</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/teamblog" data-bi-name="bloglink">Blog</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/contribute" data-bi-name="contributorGuide">Contribute</a></li>
			<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839" data-bi-name="privacy">Privacy &amp; Cookies</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="/en-us/legal/termsofuse" data-bi-name="termsofuse">Terms of Use</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://aka.ms/sitefeedback" data-bi-name="feedback">Site Feedback</a></li>
		<li><a data-mscc-ic="false" href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/EN-US.aspx" data-bi-name="trademarks">Trademarks</a></li>
    </ul>
</footer>
	</div>

		<script type="text/x-mathjax-config">
			MathJax.Hub.Config({
				showMathMenu: false,
				showMathMenuMSIE: false,
				tex2jax: {
					inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\(','\\)']],
					processEscapes: true
				}
			});
		</script>
		<script src="https://static.docs.com/ui/third-party/MathJax/2.7.2/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" integrity="sha384-RLsAi7wiVvnmHrRjlVvUjU45C0bfsIBg6Gsxue6azjJi+lA5q5uK+XbGzO3yn5g1" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
	<div id="action-panel" role="region" aria-label="Action Panel" class="action-panel has-default-focus" tabindex="-1"></div>
</body>
</html>
